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Zhong H, Ren B, Lou C, Zhou Y, Luo Y, Xiao J. Nonadditive and allele-specific expression of ghrelin in hybrid tilapia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1292730. [PMID: 38152137 PMCID: PMC10751329 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1292730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interspecies hybridization is an important breeding method to generate fishes with heterosis in aquaculture. Using this method, hybrid Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, ♀) × blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus, ♂) has been produced and widely farmed due to its growth and appetite superiorities. However, the genetic mechanism of these advanced traits is still not well understood. Ghrelin is a crucial gene that regulates growth and appetite in fishes. In the present study, we focused on the expression characteristics and its regulation of ghrelin in the hybrid. Results The tissue distribution analysis showed that ghrelin was predominantly expressed in the stomach in the hybrid. Ghrelin was more highly expressed in the stomach in the hybrid and Nile tilapia, compared to blue tilapia, showing a nonadditive pattern. Two single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites were identified including T/C and C/G from the second exon in the ghrelin gene from Nile tilapia and blue tilapia. By pyrosequencing based on the SNP sites, the allele-specific expression (ASE) of ghrelin in the hybrid was assayed. The result indicated that ghrelin in the hybrid showed higher maternal allelic transcript ratios. Fasting significantly increased ghrelin overall expression at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. In addition, higher maternal allelic transcript ratios were not changed in the fasting hybrids at 48 h. The cis and trans effects were determined by evaluating the overall expression and ASE values in the hybrid. The expression of ghrelin was mediated by compensating cis and trans effects in hybrid. Conclusion In summary, the present lines of evidence showed the nonadditive expression of ghrelin in the hybrid tilapia and its regulation by subgenomes, offering new insight into gene expression characteristics in hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Bingxin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenyi Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongju Luo
- Tilapia Genetics and Breeding Center, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Tilapia Genetics and Breeding Center, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
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Pawlak P, Burren A, Seitz A, Pietsch C. Effects of different acute stressors on the regulation of appetite genes in the carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) brain. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230040. [PMID: 36816841 PMCID: PMC9929511 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the timing of stress responses and specific roles of different regulatory pathways that drive stress responses is incomplete. In particular, the regulation of appetite genes as a consequence of exposure to different stressors has not been studied in sufficient detail in fish. Therefore, a stress trial was conducted with koi carp, aiming at identifying typical effects of stress on regulation of appetite genes. The stressors tank manipulation, air exposure and feed rewarding were chosen. The responses to these stressors were evaluated 10, 30 and 60 min after the stressors were applied. Orexigenic and anorexigenic genes were investigated in four different brain regions (telencephalon, hypothalamus, optic tectum and rhombencephalon). The results show that, apart from the typical appetite regulation in the hypothalamus, the different brain regions also display pronounced responses of appetite genes to the different stressors. In addition, several genes in the serotonergic, dopaminergic and gaba-related pathways were investigated. These genes revealed that rearing in pairs of two and opening of the tank lid affected anorexigenic genes, such as cart and cck, which were not changed by air exposure or feed rewarding. Moreover, distress and eustress led to limited, but distinguishable gene expression pattern changes in the investigated brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Pawlak
- Agronomy, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Bern CH-2052, Switzerland
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Wohlenstrasse 50a, CH-3032, Hinterkappelen, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Burren
- Agronomy, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Bern CH-2052, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Seitz
- Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Zürich CH-8820, Switzerland
| | - Constanze Pietsch
- Agronomy, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Bern CH-2052, Switzerland
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Martins N, Castro C, Oliva-Teles A, Peres H. The Interplay between Central and Peripheral Systems in Feed Intake Regulation in European Seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) Juveniles. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233287. [PMID: 36496811 PMCID: PMC9739057 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding or feed deprivation on the orexigenic and anorexigenic responses at the central (whole brain) and peripheral (anterior and posterior intestine, stomach, and liver) system levels in European seabass. For this purpose, a group of fish (208 g) was fed a single meal daily for 8 days (fed group) and another group was feed-deprived for 8 days (unfed group). Compared to the fed group, in the whole brain, feed deprivation did not induce changes in npy, agrp1, and cart2 expression, but increased agrp2 and pomc1 expression. In the anterior intestine, feed deprivation increased cck expression, while in the posterior intestine, the npy expression increased and pyyb decreased. In the stomach, the ghr expression decreased regardless of the feeding status. The hepatic lep expression increased in the unfed fish. The present results suggest a feed intake regulation mechanism in European seabass similar to that observed in other teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Martins
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n 289, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Carolina Castro
- FLATLANTIC—Atividades Piscícolas, S.A., Rua do Aceiros s/n, 3070-732 Praia de Mira, Portugal
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n 289, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Helena Peres
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n 289, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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Effects of dietary eucommia ulmoides leaf extract on growth performance, expression of feeding-related genes, activities of digestive enzymes, antioxidant capacity, immunity and cytokines expression of large yellow croaker ( Larimichthys crocea) larvae. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1711-1719. [PMID: 34789344 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A 30-d feeding trial was conducted to investigate effects of dietary eucommia ulmoides leaf extract (ELE) on growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, antioxidant capacity, immunity, expression of inflammatory factors and feeding-related genes of large yellow croaker larvae. Five micro-diets were formulated with supplementation of 0 g kg-1 (the control), 5 g kg-1 (0·5 %), 10 g kg-1 (1·0 %) and 20 g kg-1 (2·0 %) of ELE, respectively. Results showed that the best growth performance was found in larvae fed the diet with 1·0 % ELE. Furthermore, ELE supplementation significantly increased the npy expression at 1·0 % dosage, while increased ghrelin in larvae at 0·5 % dosages. The activity of leucine aminopeptidase in larvae fed the diet with 1·0 % ELE was significantly higher than the control, while alkaline phosphatase was significantly upregulated in larvae fed the diet with 2·0 % ELE. A clear increase in total antioxidant capacity in larvae fed the diet with 1·0 % ELE was observed, whereas catalase activity was significantly higher in 1·0 % and 2·0 % ELE supplementation compared with the control. Larvae fed the diet with 1·0 % ELE had a significantly higher activities of lysozyme, total nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide content than the control. Moreover, transcriptional levels of cox-2, il-1β and il-6 were remarkably downregulated by the supplementation of 0·5-1·0 % ELE. This study demonstrated that the supplementation of 1·0 % ELE in diet could increase the growth performance of large yellow croaker larvae probably by promoting expression of feeding-related genes, enhancing antioxidant capacity and immunity and inhibiting expression of inflammatory factors.
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Chen X, Mi J, Huang H, Wang J, Wu Y, Wu X, Zhang S. Ghrelin and ghrelin receptor (GHSR) in Chinese alligator, alligator sinensis: Molecular characterization, tissue distribution and mRNA expression changes during the active and hibernating periods. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 327:114097. [PMID: 35853503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) is a freshwater crocodilian endemic to China. So far, the endocrine regulation of feeding and growth in Chinese alligator is poorly understood. In this study, the molecular structure and tissue expression profiles of ghrelin and its receptor GHSR in the Chinese alligator were characterized for the first time. The full-length cDNA of ghrelin was 1770 bp, including a 37 bp 5 '-UTR (untranslated region), a 435 bp ORF (open reading frame) and a 1298 bp 3 '-UTR. The ORF encodes a ghrelin precursor, which consists of 145 amino acid residues, including a signal peptide with 52 amino acid residues at the N-terminus, a mature peptide with 28 amino acid residues, and a possibly obestain at the C-terminus. The full-length cDNA of GHSR was 3961 bp, including a 5'-UTR of 375-bp, an ORF of 1059-bp and a 3' -UTR of 2527-bp. The ORF encodes a protein of 352 amino acid residues containing seven transmembrane domains, with multiple N glycosylation modification sites and conserved cysteine residue sites. The active core "GSSF" of Chinese alligator ghrelin was identical to that of mammals and birds, and the ghrelin binding site of GHSR was similar to that of mammals. The amino acid sequences of both ghrelin and GHSR share high identity with American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) and birds. Ghrelin was highly expressed in cerebrum, mesencephalon, hypothalamus and multiple peripheral tissues, including lung, stomach and intestine, suggesting that it could play functions in paracrine and/or autocrine manners in addition to endocrine manner. GHSR expression level was higher in hypothalamus, epencephalon and medulla oblongata, and moderate in multiple peripheral tissues including lung, kindey, stomach and oviduct, implicating that ghrelin/GHSR system may participate in the regulation of energy balance, food intake, water and mineral balance, gastrointestinal motility, gastric acid secretion and reproduction. During hibernation, the expression of ghrelin and GHSR in the brain was significantly increased, while ghrelin was significantly decreased in heart, liver, lung, stomach, pancreas and ovary, and GHSR was significantly decreased in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kindey, stomach, ovary and oviduct. These temporal changes in ghrelin and GHSR expression could facilitate the physiological adaption to the hibernation of Chinese alligator. Our study could provide basic data for further studies on the regulation of feeding, physiological metabolism and reproduction of Chinese alligator, which could also be useful for the improvement of artificial breeding of this endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Chen
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Jicong Mi
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Hongbin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Xiaobing Wu
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Shengzhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
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Basto-Silva C, Couto A, Rodrigues J, Oliva-Teles A, Navarro I, Kaiya H, Capilla E, Guerreiro I. Feeding frequency and dietary protein/carbohydrate ratio affect feed intake and appetite regulation-related genes expression in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 267:111168. [PMID: 35182764 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of feeding frequency (FF) and dietary protein/carbohydrate (P/CH) ratios on appetite regulation of gilthead seabream, two practical diets were formulated to include high protein and low carbohydrate (P50/CH10 diet) or low protein and high carbohydrate (P40/CH20 diet) content and each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish until visual satiation each meal at a FF of 1, 2, or 3 meals per day. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio were higher in fish fed 2 or 3 meals than 1 meal per day and in fish fed the P40/CH20 than the P50/CH10 diet. The specific growth rate was only affected by FF, being higher in fish fed 2 or 3 meals per day than 1 meal per day. Expression of the cocaine-amphetamine-related transcript, corticotropin-releasing hormone, ghrelin receptor-a (ghsr-a), leptin, and neuropeptide y in the brain, cholecystokinin (cck) in the intestine, and leptin and ghrelin in the stomach was not affected by FF or dietary P/CH ratio. This is the first time that ghrelin cells were immune-located in the stomach of gilthead seabream. Fish fed 3 meals per day presented lower cck expression in the brain than those fed twice per day and higher hepatic ghsr-b expression than those fed once per day. Fish fed P40/CH20 diet presented higher hepatic leptin expression than those fed P50/CH10 diet. In conclusion, present results indicate that feeding a P40/CH20 diet at 3 meals a day seems to decrease the satiation feeling of gilthead seabream compared to fish fed higher P/CH ratio diets or fed 1 or 2 meals a day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Basto-Silva
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Couto
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Juliana Rodrigues
- FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hiroyuki Kaiya
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Sinmachi, Suita, 564-8565 Osaka, Japan
| | - Encarnación Capilla
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inês Guerreiro
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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8
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Huang W, Yao C, Liu Y, Xu N, Yin Z, Xu W, Miao Y, Mai K, Ai Q. Dietary Allicin Improved the Survival and Growth of Large Yellow Croaker ( Larimichthys crocea) Larvae via Promoting Intestinal Development, Alleviating Inflammation and Enhancing Appetite. Front Physiol 2020; 11:587674. [PMID: 33162901 PMCID: PMC7583326 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.587674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 30-day feeding experiment was conducted to investigate effects of dietary allicin on survival, growth, antioxidant capacity, innate immunity and expression of inflammatory and appetite related genes in large yellow croaker larvae. Four iso-nitrogenous (53% crude protein) and iso-lipidic (19% crude lipid) diets were formulated via supplementing graded levels of allicin (0.0 (the control), 0.005, 0.01, and 0.02% dry diet, respectively). Results showed that, among dietary treatments, larvae fed the diet with 0.005% allicin had the highest survival rate (SR) (P < 0.05), while larvae fed the diet with 0.01% allicin had the highest specific growth rate (SGR) (P < 0.05). Activities of α-amylase in both pancreatic (PS) and intestine segments (IS) of larvae fed the diet with 0.01% allicin were significantly lower than that in the control (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the supplementation of 0.01% allicin in diets significantly increased activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) in the intestinal brush border membrane (BBM) of larvae than the control (P < 0.05), indicating the promoting roles of allicin on fish larval intestinal development. Moreover, compared to the control, both the nitric oxide (NO) content and the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were significantly up-regulated in larvae fed the diet with 0.005% allicin, and catalase (CAT) were significantly upregulated in larvae fed the diet with 0.02% allicin (P < 0.05). Transcriptional levels of pro-inflammatory genes including cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2), interleukin-1β (il-1β) and interleukin-6 (il-6) significantly decreased with increasing allicin, compared to the control. The expression of appetite genes including npy, ghrelin and leptin significantly increased with the prolonged fasting period, and dietary allicin supplementation significantly increased the transcriptional level of neuropeptide Y (npy) at 0.01%, while increased the transcriptional level of leptin in larvae at 0.02% dosages (P < 0.05). These results showed that the supplementation of 0.005% – 0.01% allicin in diets could improve the survival and growth of large yellow croaker larvae probably by promoting intestinal development, alleviating inflammation and enhancing appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanwei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Youqing Miao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Montalbano G, Levanti M, Abbate F, Laurà R, Cavallaro M, Guerrera MC, Germanà A. Expression of ghrelin and leptin in the chemosensory system of adult zebrafish. Ann Anat 2020; 229:151460. [PMID: 31978567 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous data show that the chemosensory system seems to be modulated by changes in the circulating levels of different molecules such as ghrelin, orexin, leptin, NPY, CCK. The chemosensory system of the zebrafish is represented by the taste buds (skin, oral and oropharyngeal), the olfactory rosette and the solitary chemosensorial cells (SCCs). The purpose of our study was to analyze the distribution of two peripheral hormones such as ghrelin and leptin in the chemosensory organs of the zebrafish. Our results demonstrated the presence of immunoreaction for all antibodies used in the zebrafish chemosensory organs even if with different distribution. In particular, IR was observed for ghrelin in the olfactory rosette while IR for leptin was found in the olfactory rosette, in the skin and oropharyngeal taste buds and in the gills. Both these hormones were detected in the intestine, used as a control.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Montalbano
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - M Levanti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy.
| | - F Abbate
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - R Laurà
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - M Cavallaro
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - M C Guerrera
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - A Germanà
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
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Dar SA, Srivastava PP, Rather MA, Varghese T, Rasool SI, Gupta S. Molecular and computational analysis of Ghrelin, growth hormone Secretagogues receptor and mRNA expression of Growth-related genes after exogenous administered ghrelin peptide in Labeo rohita. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 142:756-768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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11
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BARRIOS CARLOSE, SANTINÓN JUANJOSÉ, DOMITROVIC HUGOA, SÁNCHEZ SEBASTIÁN, HERNÁNDEZ DAVIDR. Localization and distribution of CCK-8, NPY, Leu-ENK-, and Ghrelin- in the digestive tract of Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 92:e20181165. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020181165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Bertucci JI, Blanco AM, Sundarrajan L, Rajeswari JJ, Velasco C, Unniappan S. Nutrient Regulation of Endocrine Factors Influencing Feeding and Growth in Fish. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:83. [PMID: 30873115 PMCID: PMC6403160 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine factors regulate food intake and growth, two interlinked physiological processes critical for the proper development of organisms. Somatic growth is mainly regulated by growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) that act on target tissues, including muscle, and bones. Peptidyl hormones produced from the brain and peripheral tissues regulate feeding to meet metabolic demands. The GH-IGF system and hormones regulating appetite are regulated by both internal (indicating the metabolic status of the organism) and external (environmental) signals. Among the external signals, the most notable are diet availability and diet composition. Macronutrients and micronutrients act on several hormone-producing tissues to regulate the synthesis and secretion of appetite-regulating hormones and hormones of the GH-IGF system, eventually modulating growth and food intake. A comprehensive understanding of how nutrients regulate hormones is essential to design diet formulations that better modulate endogenous factors for the benefit of aquaculture to increase yield. This review will discuss the current knowledge on nutritional regulation of hormones modulating growth and food intake in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ignacio Bertucci
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ayelén Melisa Blanco
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxìa Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lakshminarasimhan Sundarrajan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jithine Jayakumar Rajeswari
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Cristina Velasco
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxìa Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Suraj Unniappan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Suraj Unniappan
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Bertucci JI, Blanco AM, Sánchez‐Bretaño A, Unniappan S, Canosa LF. Ghrelin and NUCB2/Nesfatin‐1 Co‐Localization With Digestive Enzymes in the Intestine of Pejerrey (
Odontesthes bonariensis
). Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 302:973-982. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ignacio Bertucci
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)‐Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical SciencesWestern College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Ayelén Melisa Blanco
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical SciencesWestern College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Aida Sánchez‐Bretaño
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of Medicine 720 Westview Drive, GA, 30310 Atlanta Georgia
| | - Suraj Unniappan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical SciencesWestern College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Luis Fabián Canosa
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)‐Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) Buenos Aires Argentina
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14
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Lo Cascio P, Calabrò C, Bertuccio C, Iaria C, Marino F, Denaro MG. Immunohistochemical Characterization of PepT1 and Ghrelin in Gastrointestinal Tract of Zebrafish: Effects of Spirulina Vegetarian Diet on the Neuroendocrine System Cells After Alimentary Stress. Front Physiol 2018; 9:614. [PMID: 29881359 PMCID: PMC5976732 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal function in vertebrates is influenced by stressors, such as fasting and refeeding, different types of diet and hormonal factors. The aim of this paper was to analyze the effect of a Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) diet, a microalga known for its nutraceutical properties, on the gastrointestinal tract of zebrafish (Danio rerio) regarding expression of oligopeptide transporter 1 (PepT1) and ghrelin (GHR). Food deprivation and refeeding was investigated to elucidate expression of PepT1 and GHR at a gastrointestinal level and the zebrafish compensatory mechanism. PepT1 is responsible for absorbing di- and tripeptides through a brush border membrane of intestinal mucosa. GHR is a brain-gut peptide in fish and mammals, stimulating growth hormone secretion and regulating appetite. Samples were taken after 2 and 5 days of specimen fasting, and 2 and 5 days of refeeding with Sera Spirulina tabs, in which the major constituent is Spirulina sp. (50.2% protein). Morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of PepT1 and GHR were carried out. Control specimen intestinal tract showed normal morphology of the digestive tract. Fasting caused fold structural changes and intestinal lumen constriction. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a PepT1 level reduction after fasting and an increase after refeeding, reaching very high levels after 5 days, compared to controls. GHR levels increased after food deprivation and gradually decreased after refeeding. Increased expression of PepT1 in refeeding fish suggests a compensatory physiological mechanism, as does the increase in GHR levels in fasting fish followed by a reduction after refeeding. A compensatory mechanism may be induced by fasting and refeeding and by a higher protein Spirulina diet. The microalga, for its nutraceutical properties, is an excellent candidate for animal breeding and human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Lo Cascio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Concetta Calabrò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Clara Bertuccio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Iaria
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabio Marino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria G Denaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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15
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Perelló-Amorós M, Vélez EJ, Vela-Albesa J, Sánchez-Moya A, Riera-Heredia N, Hedén I, Fernández-Borràs J, Blasco J, Calduch-Giner JA, Navarro I, Capilla E, Jönsson E, Pérez-Sánchez J, Gutiérrez J. Ghrelin and Its Receptors in Gilthead Sea Bream: Nutritional Regulation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:399. [PMID: 30105002 PMCID: PMC6077198 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin is involved in the regulation of growth in vertebrates through controlling different functions, such as feed intake, metabolism, intestinal activity or growth hormone (Gh) secretion. The aim of this work was to identify the sequences of preproghrelin and Ghrelin receptors (ghsrs), and to study their responses to different nutritional conditions in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. The structure and phylogeny of S. aurata preproghrelin was analyzed, and a tissue screening was performed. The effects of 21 days of fasting and 2, 5, 24 h, and 7 days of refeeding on plasma levels of Ghrelin, Gh and Igf-1, and the gene expression of preproghrelin, ghsrs and members of the Gh/Igf-1 system were determined in key tissues. preproghrelin and the receptors are well conserved, being expressed mainly in stomach, and in the pituitary and brain, respectively. Twenty-one days of fasting resulted in a decrease in growth while Ghrelin plasma levels were elevated to decrease at 5 h post-prandial when pituitary ghsrs expression was minimum. Gh in plasma increased during fasting and slowly felt upon refeeding, while plasma Igf-1 showed an inverse profile. Pituitary gh expression augmented during fasting reaching maximum levels at 1 day post-feeding while liver igf-1 expression and that of its splice variants decreased to lowest levels. Liver Gh receptors expression was down-regulated during fasting and recovered after refeeding. This study demonstrates the important role of Ghrelin during fasting, its acute down-regulation in the post-prandial stage and its interaction with pituitary Ghsrs and Gh/Igf-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Perelló-Amorós
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio J. Vélez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Vela-Albesa
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Sánchez-Moya
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natàlia Riera-Heredia
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ida Hedén
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jaume Fernández-Borràs
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Blasco
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep A. Calduch-Giner
- Nutrition and Fish Growth Endocrinology, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - Isabel Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Encarnación Capilla
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Jönsson
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
- Nutrition and Fish Growth Endocrinology, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - Joaquim Gutiérrez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Joaquim Gutiérrez
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16
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Delgado MJ, Cerdá-Reverter JM, Soengas JL. Hypothalamic Integration of Metabolic, Endocrine, and Circadian Signals in Fish: Involvement in the Control of Food Intake. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:354. [PMID: 28694769 PMCID: PMC5483453 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of food intake in fish is a complex process carried out through several different mechanisms in the central nervous system (CNS) with hypothalamus being the main regulatory center. As in mammals, a complex hypothalamic circuit including two populations of neurons: one co-expressing neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and the second one population co-expressing pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is involved in the integration of information relating to food intake control. The production and release of these peptides control food intake, and the production results from the integration of information of different nature such as levels of nutrients and hormones as well as circadian signals. The present review summarizes the knowledge and recent findings about the presence and functioning of these mechanisms in fish and their differences vs. the known mammalian model.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. Delgado
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - José M. Cerdá-Reverter
- Departamento de Fisiología de Peces y Biotecnología, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasCastellón, Spain
| | - José L. Soengas
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de VigoVigo, Spain
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17
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Song Y, Zhao C, Liang XF, He S, Tian C, Cheng X, Yuan X, Lv L, Guo W, Xue M, Tao YX. Effects of fasting, temperature, and photoperiod on preproghrelin mRNA expression in Chinese perch. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:803-812. [PMID: 28321526 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Preproghrelin, a gut/brain peptide, plays an important role in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis in teleost and mammals. In the present study, we obtained the full-length preproghrelin cDNA in Chinese perch. The preproghrelin messenger RNA (mRNA) tissue expression showed that level was much higher in stomach and pituitary than in other tissues. The fasting study showed, after gastric emptying (3-6 h), short-term fasting (6-12 h) increased preproghrelin expression in the stomach. While in the pituitary, fasting reduced preproghrelin expression at 1, 3, 12, and 48 h, presenting state fluctuation of self-adjustment. The temperature study showed that the mRNA expression of preproghrelin was the highest in the brain at 26 °C and highest in the stomach at 32 °C, respectively, with different optimum temperature in these two tissues, reflecting spatiotemporal differences of regulation by central nervous system and peripheral organs. The photoperiod study showed that normal light (11 h of lightness and 13 h of darkness) led to highest preproghrelin expression, both in the brain and in the stomach, than continuous light or continuous dark, proving food intake is adapted to natural photoperiod or normal light in this study. These results all indicated that tissue-specific preproghrelin expression of Chinese perch could be significantly affected by environmental factors. Short-term fasting of 6 h after gastric emptying, 26 °C, and normal light led to higher preproghrelin expression, which indicated potential appetite increase in Chinese perch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Song
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation 8 Center of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation 8 Center of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu-Fang Liang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China.
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation 8 Center of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Shan He
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation 8 Center of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Changxu Tian
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation 8 Center of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cheng
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation 8 Center of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaochen Yuan
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation 8 Center of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liyuan Lv
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation 8 Center of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation 8 Center of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Xue
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station, Feed Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Xiong Tao
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
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18
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Cowan M, Azpeleta C, López-Olmeda JF. Rhythms in the endocrine system of fish: a review. J Comp Physiol B 2017; 187:1057-1089. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-017-1094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Babaei S, Sáez A, Caballero-Solares A, Fernández F, Baanante IV, Metón I. Effect of dietary macronutrients on the expression of cholecystokinin, leptin, ghrelin and neuropeptide Y in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 240:121-128. [PMID: 27725144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine factors released from the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, adipose tissue and other peripheral organs mediate the regulation of food intake. Although many studies have evaluated the effect of fed-to-starved transition on the expression of appetite-related genes, little is known about how the expression of appetite-regulating peptides is regulated by the macronutrient composition of the diet. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of diet composition and nutritional status on the expression of four peptides involved in food intake control in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata): neuropeptide Y (NPY), ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and leptin. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR showed that high protein/low carbohydrate diets stimulated the expression of CCK and ghrelin in the intestine and leptin in the adipose tissue, while downregulation of ghrelin and NPY mRNA levels was observed in the brain. Opposite effects were found for the expression of the four genes in fish fed low protein/high carbohydrate diets or after long-term starvation. Our findings indicate that the expression pattern of appetite-regulating peptides, particularly CCK and ghrelin, is modulated by the nutritional status and diet composition in S. aurata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Babaei
- Fisheries Departament, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Noor 46417-76488, Iran
| | - Alberto Sáez
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Caballero-Solares
- Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe Fernández
- Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel V Baanante
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidoro Metón
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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20
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Zhou C, Zheng J, Lei L, Yuan D, Zhu C, Ye H, Zhang C, Wang D, Yang M, Wu J, Zhu L, Zeng B. Evidence that ghrelin may be associated with the food intake of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:1637-1646. [PMID: 27287038 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin, a non-amidated peptide hormone, is a potent anorectic neuropeptide implicated in feeding regulation in mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates. However, the involvement of ghrelin in the feeding behavior of teleosts has not been well understood. To better understand the role of ghrelin in the regulation of appetite in fish, in this study, we cloned the cDNAs encoding ghrelin and investigated their mRNA distributions in gibel carp tissues. We also assessed the effects of different nutritional status on ghrelin mRNA abundance. Ghrelin mRNAs were ubiquitously expressed in ten tissues (intestine, liver, brain, mesonephron, head kidney, spleen, skin, heart, muscle, gill and pituitary gland), and relatively high expression levels were detected in the gut. Postprandial studies analysis revealed a significant postprandial decrease in ghrelin mRNA expression in the gut (1 and 3 h after the regular feeding time). In addition, ghrelin mRNA expression in the gut significantly increased at day 7 after fasting and declined sharply after refeeding, which suggested that ghrelin might be involved in the regulation of appetite in gibel carp. Overall, our result provides basis for further investigation into the regulation of feeding in gibel carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Zhou
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jinfa Zheng
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Luo Lei
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengyue Yuan
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, Neijiang Normal University, 641000, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengke Zhu
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, 850002, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Minmin Yang
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Zhu
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Benhe Zeng
- Department of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang Campus, 402460, Chongqing, China
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21
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Liu WS, Ma JE, Li WX, Zhang JG, Wang J, Nie QH, Qiu FF, Fang MX, Zeng F, Wang X, Lin XR, Zhang L, Chen SH, Zhang XQ. The Long Intron 1 of Growth Hormone Gene from Reeves' Turtle (Chinemys reevesii) Correlates with Negatively Regulated GH Expression in Four Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:543. [PMID: 27077853 PMCID: PMC4848999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Turtles grow slowly and have a long lifespan. Ultrastructural studies of the pituitary gland in Reeves’ turtle (Chinemys reevesii) have revealed that the species possesses a higher nucleoplasmic ratio and fewer secretory granules in growth hormone (GH) cells than other animal species in summer and winter. C. reevesii GH gene was cloned and species-specific similarities and differences were investigated. The full GH gene sequence in C. reevesii contains 8517 base pairs (bp), comprising five exons and four introns. Intron 1 was found to be much longer in C. reevesii than in other species. The coding sequence (CDS) of the turtle’s GH gene, with and without the inclusion of intron 1, was transfected into four cell lines, including DF-1 chicken embryo fibroblasts, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, human embryonic kidney 293FT cells, and GH4C1 rat pituitary cells; the turtle growth hormone (tGH) gene mRNA and protein expression levels decreased significantly in the intron-containing CDS in these cell lines, compared with that of the corresponding intronless CDS. Thus, the long intron 1 of GH gene in Reeves’ turtle might correlate with downregulated gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sheng Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jing-E Ma
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Wei-Xia Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jin-Ge Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qing-Hua Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Feng-Fang Qiu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Mei-Xia Fang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Fang Zeng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xi-Ran Lin
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Shao-Hao Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xi-Quan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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22
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Periprandial changes and effects of short- and long-term fasting on ghrelin, GOAT, and ghrelin receptors in goldfish (Carassius auratus). J Comp Physiol B 2016; 186:727-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-016-0986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Ngernsoungnern A, Ngernsoungnern P. Localization of ghrelin-like peptide in the gastrointestinal tract of the golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) and changing of its concentration during fasting. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:244-51. [PMID: 26850996 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin is an endogenous hormone detected in the gastrointestinal tracts (GI) of various species. In the present study, ghrelin-like peptide (ghrelin-LP) was identified in the GI tract of the golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata. Using immunohistochemistry, the result revealed an immunoreactivity (-ir) of ghrelin-LP in regions of the GI tract. The ghrelin-LP-ir was observed in both opened-type and closed-type cells of the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines. The highest density of ghrelin-LP immunoreactive cells was found in the esophagus and the least density was detected in the stomach. The highest percentages of the opened-type and closed-type cells were present in the esophagus and small intestine, respectively. In immunoblotting, the molecular weight of ghrelin-LP was related to the human ghrelin peptide (∼13kDa). Moreover, the concentration of ghrelin-LP was significantly higher in snails that were fasted for 24h compared with fed snails. The concentration decreased after refeeding. The present study could be useful for understanding the physiological role of ghrelin-LP in mollusk species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apichart Ngernsoungnern
- School of Anatomy, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Piyada Ngernsoungnern
- School of Anatomy, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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24
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Ji W, Ping HC, Wei KJ, Zhang GR, Shi ZC, Yang RB, Zou GW, Wang WM. Ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and cholecystokinin (CCK) in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala): cDNA cloning, tissue distribution and mRNA expression changes responding to fasting and refeeding. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 223:108-19. [PMID: 26316038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala Yih, 1955) is an endemic freshwater fish in China for which the endocrine mechanism of regulation of feeding has never been examined. Ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and cholecystokinin (CCK) play important roles in the regulation of fish feeding. In this study, full-length cDNAs of ghrelin, NPY and CCK were cloned and analyzed from blunt snout bream. Both the ghrelin and NPY genes of blunt snout bream had the same amino acid sequences as grass carp, and CCK also shared considerable similarity with that of grass carp. The three genes were expressed in a wide range of adult tissues, with the highest expression levels of ghrelin in the hindgut, NPY in the hypothalamus and CCK in the pituitary, respectively. Starvation challenge experiments showed that the expression levels of ghrelin and NPY mRNA increased in brain and intestine after starvation, and the expression levels of CCK decreased after starvation. Refeeding could bring the expression levels of the three genes back to the control levels. These results indicated that the feeding behavior of blunt snout bream was regulated by the potential correlative actions of ghrelin, NPY and CCK, which contributed to the defense against starvation. This study will further our understanding of the function of ghrelin, NPY and CCK and the molecular mechanism of feeding regulation in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hai-Chao Ping
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Kai-Jian Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Gui-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Ze-Chao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Rui-Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Gui-Wei Zou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wei-Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
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25
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Sánchez-Bretaño A, Blanco AM, Unniappan S, Kah O, Gueguen MM, Bertucci JI, Alonso-Gómez ÁL, Valenciano AI, Isorna E, Delgado MJ. In Situ Localization and Rhythmic Expression of Ghrelin and ghs-r1 Ghrelin Receptor in the Brain and Gastrointestinal Tract of Goldfish (Carassius auratus). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141043. [PMID: 26506093 PMCID: PMC4624692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin is a gut-brain peptide hormone, which binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) to regulate a wide variety of biological processes in fish. Despite these prominent physiological roles, no studies have reported the anatomical distribution of preproghrelin transcripts using in situ hybridization in a non-mammalian vertebrate, and its mapping within the different encephalic areas remains unknown. Similarly, no information is available on the possible 24-h variations in the expression of preproghrelin and its receptor in any vertebrate species. The first aim of this study was to investigate the anatomical distribution of ghrelin and GHS-R1a ghrelin receptor subtype in brain and gastrointestinal tract of goldfish (Carassius auratus) using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Our second aim was to characterize possible daily variations of preproghrelin and ghs-r1 mRNA expression in central and peripheral tissues using real-time reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Results show ghrelin expression and immunoreactivity in the gastrointestinal tract, with the most abundant signal observed in the mucosal epithelium. These are in agreement with previous findings on mucosal cells as the primary synthesizing site of ghrelin in goldfish. Ghrelin receptor was observed mainly in the hypothalamus with low expression in telencephalon, pineal and cerebellum, and in the same gastrointestinal areas as ghrelin. Daily rhythms in mRNA expression were found for preproghrelin and ghs-r1 in hypothalamus and pituitary with the acrophase occurring at nighttime. Preproghrelin, but not ghs-r1a, displayed a similar daily expression rhythm in the gastrointestinal tract with an amplitude 3-fold higher than the rest of tissues. Together, these results described for the first time in fish the mapping of preproghrelin and ghrelin receptor ghs-r1a in brain and gastrointestinal tract of goldfish, and provide the first evidence for a daily regulation of both genes expression in such locations, suggesting a possible connection between the ghrelinergic and circadian systems in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aída Sánchez-Bretaño
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ayelén M. Blanco
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Suraj Unniappan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Olivier Kah
- Inserm (Research Institute for Health, Environment and Occupation, IRSET), SFR Biosit Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-M. Gueguen
- Inserm (Research Institute for Health, Environment and Occupation, IRSET), SFR Biosit Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Juan I. Bertucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángel L. Alonso-Gómez
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Valenciano
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Isorna
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Delgado
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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26
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Volkoff H. Cloning, tissue distribution and effects of fasting on mRNA expression levels of leptin and ghrelin in red-bellied piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 217-218:20-7. [PMID: 25980684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
cDNAs encoding the appetite regulating peptides leptin and ghrelin were isolated in red-bellied piranha (Characiforme, Serrasalmidae) and their mRNA tissue and brain distributions examined. When compared to other fish, the sequences obtained for all peptides were most similar to that of other Characiforme fish and Siluriformes. All peptides were widely expressed within the brain and in several peripheral tissues, including gastrointestinal tract. In order to better understand the role of these peptides in the regulation of feeding of red-bellied piranha, the mRNA expression levels of leptin and ghrelin were examined in both brain and intestine, in fed and 7-day fasted fish. No significant differences in expression were seen in whole brain for either peptide. Within the intestine, there was a decrease in leptin mRNA expression and an increase in ghrelin mRNA expression in fasted fish, compared to fed fish. The results suggest that leptin and ghrelin might play a major role in the regulation of feeding and energy homeostasis of red-bellied piranha and this role might be more prominent in the intestine than in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Volkoff
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
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27
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Volkoff H. Cloning and tissue distribution of appetite-regulating peptides in pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus
). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 99:987-1001. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Volkoff
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's NL Canada
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28
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Molecular cloning, regulation, and functional analysis of two GHS-R genes in zebrafish. Exp Cell Res 2014; 326:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Plasma nesfatin-1 is not affected by long-term food restriction and does not predict rematuration among iteroparous female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). PLoS One 2014; 9:e85700. [PMID: 24416444 PMCID: PMC3887096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic peptide hormone nesfatin-1 has been linked to the reproductive axis in fishes. The purpose of this study was to determine how energy availability after spawning affects plasma levels of nesfatin-1, the metabolic peptide hormone ghrelin, and sex steroid hormones in rematuring female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To limit reproductive maturation, a group of female trout was food-restricted after spawning and compared with a control group that was fed a standard broodstock ration. The experiment was conducted twice, once using two-year-old trout (second-time spawners) and once using three-year-old trout (third-time spawners). During monthly sampling, blood was collected from all fish, and a subset of fish from each treatment was sacrificed for pituitaries. Pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone-beta (fsh-β) mRNA expression was analyzed with q-RT-PCR; plasma hormone levels were quantified by radioimmunoassay (17β-estradiol and ghrelin) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (11-keto-testosterone and nesfatin-1). Although plasma nesfatin-1 levels increased significantly in the months immediately after spawning within both feeding treatments, plasma nesfatin-1 did not differ significantly between the two treatments at any point. Similarly, plasma ghrelin levels did not differ significantly between the two treatments at any point. Food restriction arrested ovarian development by 15–20 weeks after spawning, shown by significantly lower plasma E2 levels among restricted-ration fish. Pituitary fsh-β mRNA levels were higher among control-ration fish than restricted-ration fish starting at 20 weeks, but did not differ significantly between treatment groups until 30 weeks after spawning. Within both treatment groups, plasma 11-KT was elevated immediately after spawning and rapidly decreased to and persisted at low levels; starting between 20 and 25 weeks after spawning, plasma 11-KT was higher among control-ration fish than restricted-ration fish. The results from these experiments do not provide support for plasma nesfatin-1 as a signal for the initiation of reproductive development in rematuring female rainbow trout.
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30
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Zhou C, Zhang X, Liu T, Wei R, Yuan D, Wang T, Lin F, Wu H, Chen F, Yang S, Chen D, Wang Y, Li Z. Schizothorax davidi ghrelin: cDNA cloning, tissue distribution and indication for its stimulatory character in food intake. Gene 2013; 534:72-7. [PMID: 24129070 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin is a gut/brain hormone with a unique acyl modification and various biological functions in fish and mammals. The objectives of this project were to identify ghrelin gene organization, study tissue specific ghrelin mRNA expression and investigate the short- (0, 0.5, 1.5, 3, 6, 9, 12h post-fasting) and long- (1, 3, 5, 7 days) term fasting as well as refeeding after a 7 day fasting induced changes in the expression of ghrelin mRNA in Schizothorax davidi. Our reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the predicted ghrelin sequence available in the GenBank and identified ghrelin mRNA expression in several tissues including the gut, liver, brain, heart, spleen, head kidney, gill and muscle. Quantitative PCR studies indicated that the expression level of ghrelin mRNA presented ascendant trend in short-term fasting group compared to the fed group, but it did not reach the significant level on statistics, while there is a significant increase in ghrelin mRNA expression in the gut of Schizothorax davidi fasted for 3, 5 and 7 days when compared to the expression in ad libitum fed fish. Refeeding after a 7 day fasting caused a significant and dramatic decrease in ghrelin mRNA expression in the gut of Schizothorax davidi. An increase in the expression of ghrelin mRNA during fasting, and its decrease following refeeding suggests an orexigenic role for ghrelin in Schizothorax davidi. Overall, our results provide evidence for a highly conserved structure and biological actions of ghrelin during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Zhou
- Department of aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
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31
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Ping HC, Feng K, Zhang GR, Wei KJ, Zou GW, Wang WM. Ontogeny expression of ghrelin, neuropeptide Y and cholecystokinin in blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 98:338-46. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H.-C. Ping
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture; College of Fisheries; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
| | - K. Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture; College of Fisheries; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
| | - G.-R. Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture; College of Fisheries; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
| | - K.-J. Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture; College of Fisheries; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
| | - G.-W. Zou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation; Ministry of Agriculture; Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Wuhan China
| | - W.-M. Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture; College of Fisheries; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
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