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Dong J, Sun C, Tian Y, Zhang H, Liu Z, Gao F, Ye X. Genomic organization and gene evolution of two warm temperature acclimation proteins (Wap65s) of Micropterus salmoides and their responses to temperature and bacterial/viral infections. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:340-353. [PMID: 36529221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Warm temperature acclimation-related 65-kDa proteins (Wap65s) are fish plasma acute-phase glycoproteins homologous to hemopexin with high affinity and clearance for heme. The study characterized Mswap65-1 and Mswap65-2 genes in Micropterus salmoides. Structural analysis showed MsWap65s contained conserved heme-binding sites. MsWap65-1 had a chloride-binding site similar to hemopexin, while MsWap65-2 had an additional calcium-binding site. Phylogenetic and Ka/Ks analysis showed that fish Wap65s were evolutionarily conserved and underwent strong purifying selection. Functional divergence analysis indicated that fish Wap65-2 retained the putative function of ancestral Wap65, while Wap65-1 underwent neofunctional differentiation. QPCR showed Mswap65s were predominantly expressed in liver, but prolonged hyperthermy inhibited Mswap65-2 expression. Mswap65-2 expression was up-regulated in liver and spleen after Nocardia seriolae infection, while Mswap65-1 was down-regulated. MsWap65-2 may be associated with pathogenesis and play potential role in pathogen resistance. LMBV infection resulted in both significant downregulation of Mswap65s were both significantly down-regulated, with differences observed between sexes. We speculated the immune system might suppress expression after viral infection. Exogenous rMsWap65s were prepared, and injection of rMsWap65s alleviated phenylhydrazine-induced hemolysis and inhibited increases in heme, complement C3 and inflammatory symptoms. Our results contribute to an advanced understanding of the functions and mechanisms of MsWap65s in stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengfei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hetong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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Roh H, Park J, Park J, Kim BS, Park CI, Kim DH. Identification and characterization of warm temperature acclimation proteins (Wap65s) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 135:104475. [PMID: 35732223 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hemopexin is a vital glycoprotein for processing excessive iron in blood and functions as an iron scavenger in mammals. Teleosts however, unlike mammals, have two known hemopexin paralogs called warm temperature acclimation-related 65 kDa protein (Wap65-1 and Wap65-2, collectively termed Wap65s). Although Wap65s in rainbow trout have been considered notable biomarkers with significantly higher and/or lower expression under conditions of stress or disease, the individual roles, similarities and differences between the two paralogs are not well known. The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of the characteristics and functions of trout Wap65s from the perspective of iron-metabolism, physiological roles, and relevant immunological responses. The expression of Wap65-1 and -2 in this study was determined in the face of challenges by Aeromonas salmonicida, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), and iron-dextran. Immuno-histochemistry (IHC) was employed to localize the major cell types for Wap65-2 expression, and trout leukocytes were isolated and incubated with LPS and OxLDL for comprehending the immunological characteristics of Wap65-2. We demonstrate that Wap65-1 is expressed only in the liver but Wap65-2 is systemically expressed in most organs and tissues. Interestingly, Wap65-1 expression was not significantly changed under A. salmonicida and iron-dextran administration, but was significantly decreased under IHNV. In contrast, Wap65-2 was up-regulated in all challenged groups, however with different expression patterns in the blood and liver. These results suggested that the two paralogs may participate in different biological roles. IHC showed that Wap65-2 antibody had high affinity for leukocyte-like cells, and macrophages but not lymphocytes significantly increased expression under LPS and OxLDL stimulation. These results support the conclusion that trout Wap65-2, not Wap65-1 may have conventional hemopexin functions such as reported in mammals including effects on iron metabolism, inflammation, and acute-phase protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyeongJin Roh
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Junewoo Park
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Park
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Seong Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan, 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Il Park
- Department of Marine Biology & Aquaculture, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University, 455, Tongyeong, 650-160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Dietrich MA, Adamek M, Jung-Schroers V, Rakus K, Chadzińska M, Hejmej A, Hliwa P, Bilińska B, Karol H, Ciereszko A. Characterization of carp seminal plasma Wap65-2 and its participation in the testicular immune response and temperature acclimation. Vet Res 2020; 51:142. [PMID: 33239112 PMCID: PMC7688007 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Two functionally distinct isoforms of warm-temperature acclimation related 65-kDa protein (Wap65-1 and Wap65-2) with a role in the immune response are present in fish. To our knowledge, contrary to Wap65-1, Wap65-2 has neither been isolated nor functionally characterized in carp especially in reproductive system. The aim of this study was to characterize Wap65-2 and ascertain its functions in immune response and temperature acclimation within reproductive system. Wap65-2 corresponded to one of the most abundant proteins in carp seminal plasma, with a high immunologic similarity to their counterparts in seminal plasma of other fish species and a wide tissue distribution, with predominant expression in the liver. The immunohistochemical localization of Wap65-2 to spermatogonia, Leydig cells, and the epithelium of blood vessels within the testis suggests its role in iron metabolism during spermatogenesis and maintenance of blood-testis barrier integrity. Wap65-2 secretion by the epithelial cells of the spermatic duct and its presence around spermatozoa suggests its involvement in the protection of spermatozoa against damage caused by heme released from erythrocytes following hemorrhage and inflammation. Our results revealed an isoform-specific response of Wap65 to temperature acclimation and Aeromonas salmonicida infection which alters blood-testis barrier integrity. Wap65-2 seems to be related to the immune response against bacteria, while Wap65-1 seems to be involved in temperature acclimation. This study expands the understanding of the mechanism of carp testicular immunity against bacterial challenge and temperature changes, in which Wap65-2 seems to be involved and highlights their potential usefulness as biomarkers of inflammation and temperature acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola A Dietrich
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Mikołaj Adamek
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Verena Jung-Schroers
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Rakus
- Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chadzińska
- Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Hejmej
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Hliwa
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 117A, 10-701, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Barbara Bilińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Halina Karol
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ciereszko
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
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Kwon G, Ghil S. Isolation and Characterization of Heat Shock Protein 90 in Kumgang Fat Minnow Rhynchocypris kumgangensis. CYTOLOGIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.84.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gibeom Kwon
- Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University
| | - Sungho Ghil
- Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University
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Criscitiello MF, Kraev I, Lange S. Deiminated proteins in extracellular vesicles and plasma of nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) - Novel insights into shark immunity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:249-255. [PMID: 31200072 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are phylogenetically conserved calcium-dependent enzymes which post-translationally convert arginine into citrulline in target proteins in an irreversible manner, causing functional and structural changes in target proteins. Protein deimination causes generation of neo-epitopes, affects gene regulation and also allows for protein moonlighting. Extracellular vesicles are found in most body fluids and participate in cellular communication via transfer of cargo proteins and genetic material. In this study, post-translationally deiminated proteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are described for the first time in shark plasma. We report a poly-dispersed population of shark plasma EVs, positive for phylogenetically conserved EV-specific markers and characterised by TEM. In plasma, 6 deiminated proteins, including complement and immunoglobulin, were identified, whereof 3 proteins were found to be exported in plasma-derived EVs. A PAD homologue was identified in shark plasma by Western blotting and detected an expected 70 kDa size. Deiminated histone H3, a marker of neutrophil extracellular trap formation, was also detected in nurse shark plasma. This is the first report of deiminated proteins in plasma and EVs, highlighting a hitherto unrecognized post-translational modification in key immune proteins of innate and adaptive immunity in shark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Criscitiello
- Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Igor Kraev
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, MK7 6AA, UK.
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
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Magnadóttir B, Bragason BT, Bricknell IR, Bowden T, Nicholas AP, Hristova M, Guðmundsdóttir S, Dodds AW, Lange S. Peptidylarginine deiminase and deiminated proteins are detected throughout early halibut ontogeny - Complement components C3 and C4 are post-translationally deiminated in halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:1-19. [PMID: 30395876 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational protein deimination is mediated by peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), which are calcium dependent enzymes conserved throughout phylogeny with physiological and pathophysiological roles. Protein deimination occurs via the conversion of protein arginine into citrulline, leading to structural and functional changes in target proteins. In a continuous series of early halibut development from 37 to 1050° d, PAD, total deiminated proteins and deiminated histone H3 showed variation in temporal and spatial detection in various organs including yolksac, muscle, skin, liver, brain, eye, spinal cord, chondrocytes, heart, intestines, kidney and pancreas throughout early ontogeny. For the first time in any species, deimination of complement components C3 and C4 is shown in halibut serum, indicating a novel mechanism of complement regulation in immune responses and homeostasis. Proteomic analysis of deiminated target proteins in halibut serum further identified complement components C5, C7, C8 C9 and C1 inhibitor, as well as various other immunogenic, metabolic, cytoskeletal and nuclear proteins. Post-translational deimination may facilitate protein moonlighting, an evolutionary conserved phenomenon, allowing one polypeptide chain to carry out various functions to meet functional requirements for diverse roles in immune defences and tissue remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bergljót Magnadóttir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v. Vesturlandsveg, 112 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Birkir Thor Bragason
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v. Vesturlandsveg, 112 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Ian R Bricknell
- Aquaculture Research Institute School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
| | - Timothy Bowden
- Aquaculture Research Institute School of Food & Agriculture, University of Maine, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
| | - Anthony P Nicholas
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Mariya Hristova
- Perinatal Brain Protection and Repair Group, EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6HX, UK.
| | - Sigríður Guðmundsdóttir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v. Vesturlandsveg, 112 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Alister W Dodds
- MRC Immunochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
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