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Derrick-Roberts AL. Response to Letter to the Editor: Secondary ganglioside GM2 accumulation in mucopolysaccharidoses. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2022; 30:100831. [PMID: 34917476 PMCID: PMC8665401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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2
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Douek AM, Amiri Khabooshan M, Henry J, Stamatis SA, Kreuder F, Ramm G, Änkö ML, Wlodkowic D, Kaslin J. An Engineered sgsh Mutant Zebrafish Recapitulates Molecular and Behavioural Pathobiology of Sanfilippo Syndrome A/MPS IIIA. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115948. [PMID: 34073041 PMCID: PMC8197930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA (MPS IIIA, Sanfilippo syndrome type A), a paediatric neurological lysosomal storage disease, is caused by impaired function of the enzyme N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase (SGSH) resulting in impaired catabolism of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan (HS GAG) and its accumulation in tissues. MPS IIIA represents a significant proportion of childhood dementias. This condition generally leads to patient death in the teenage years, yet no effective therapy exists for MPS IIIA and a complete understanding of the mechanisms of MPS IIIA pathogenesis is lacking. Here, we employ targeted CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis to generate a model of MPS IIIA in the zebrafish, a model organism with strong genetic tractability and amenity for high-throughput screening. The sgshΔex5-6 zebrafish mutant exhibits a complete absence of Sgsh enzymatic activity, leading to progressive accumulation of HS degradation products with age. sgshΔex5-6 zebrafish faithfully recapitulate diverse CNS-specific features of MPS IIIA, including neuronal lysosomal overabundance, complex behavioural phenotypes, and profound, lifelong neuroinflammation. We further demonstrate that neuroinflammation in sgshΔex5-6 zebrafish is largely dependent on interleukin-1β and can be attenuated via the pharmacological inhibition of Caspase-1, which partially rescues behavioural abnormalities in sgshΔex5-6 mutant larvae in a context-dependent manner. We expect the sgshΔex5-6 zebrafish mutant to be a valuable resource in gaining a better understanding of MPS IIIA pathobiology towards the development of timely and effective therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon M. Douek
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (A.M.D.); (M.A.K.); (S.-A.S.); (F.K.)
| | - Mitra Amiri Khabooshan
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (A.M.D.); (M.A.K.); (S.-A.S.); (F.K.)
| | - Jason Henry
- Neurotoxicology Lab, School of Science (Biosciences), RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (J.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Sebastian-Alexander Stamatis
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (A.M.D.); (M.A.K.); (S.-A.S.); (F.K.)
| | - Florian Kreuder
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (A.M.D.); (M.A.K.); (S.-A.S.); (F.K.)
| | - Georg Ramm
- Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Minna-Liisa Änkö
- Centre for Reproductive Health and Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Donald Wlodkowic
- Neurotoxicology Lab, School of Science (Biosciences), RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (J.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Jan Kaslin
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (A.M.D.); (M.A.K.); (S.-A.S.); (F.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-9902-9613; Fax: +61-3-9902-9729
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3
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Massaro G, Geard AF, Liu W, Coombe-Tennant O, Waddington SN, Baruteau J, Gissen P, Rahim AA. Gene Therapy for Lysosomal Storage Disorders: Ongoing Studies and Clinical Development. Biomolecules 2021; 11:611. [PMID: 33924076 PMCID: PMC8074255 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare monogenic disorders such as lysosomal diseases have been at the forefront in the development of novel treatments where therapeutic options are either limited or unavailable. The increasing number of successful pre-clinical and clinical studies in the last decade demonstrates that gene therapy represents a feasible option to address the unmet medical need of these patients. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the field, reviewing the most used viral gene delivery vectors in the context of lysosomal storage disorders, a selection of relevant pre-clinical studies and ongoing clinical trials within recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Massaro
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (A.F.G.); (W.L.); (O.C.-T.); (A.A.R.)
| | - Amy F. Geard
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (A.F.G.); (W.L.); (O.C.-T.); (A.A.R.)
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa;
| | - Wenfei Liu
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (A.F.G.); (W.L.); (O.C.-T.); (A.A.R.)
| | - Oliver Coombe-Tennant
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (A.F.G.); (W.L.); (O.C.-T.); (A.A.R.)
| | - Simon N. Waddington
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa;
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Julien Baruteau
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 1EH, UK;
- Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, National Institute of Health Research, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK;
| | - Paul Gissen
- Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, National Institute of Health Research, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK;
| | - Ahad A. Rahim
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (A.F.G.); (W.L.); (O.C.-T.); (A.A.R.)
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4
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Uchitel J, Kantor B, Smith EC, Mikati MA. Viral-Mediated Gene Replacement Therapy in the Developing Central Nervous System: Current Status and Future Directions. Pediatr Neurol 2020; 110:5-19. [PMID: 32684374 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The past few years have witnessed rapid developments in viral-mediated gene replacement therapy for pediatric central nervous system neurogenetic disorders. Here, we provide pediatric neurologists with an up-to-date, comprehensive overview of these developments and note emerging trends for future research. This review presents the different types of viral vectors used in viral-mediated gene replacement therapy; the fundamental properties of viral-mediated gene replacement therapy; the challenges associated with the use of this therapy in the central nervous system; the pathway for therapy development, from translational basic science studies to clinical trials; and an overview of the therapies that have reached clinical trials in patients. Current viral platforms under investigation include adenovirus vectors, adeno-associated viral vectors, lentiviral/retroviral vectors, and herpes simplex virus type 1 vectors. This review also presents an in-depth analysis of numerous studies that investigated these viral platforms in cultured cells and in transgenic animal models for pediatric neurogenetic disorders. Viral vectors have been applied to clinical trials for many different pediatric neurogenetic disorders, including Canavan disease, metachromatic leukodystrophy, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, mucopolysaccharidosis III, spinal muscular atrophy, and aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency. Of these diseases, only spinal muscular atrophy has a viral-mediated gene replacement therapy approved for marketing. Despite significant progress in therapy development, many challenges remain. Surmounting these challenges is critical to advancing the current status of viral-mediated gene replacement therapy for pediatric central nervous system neurogenetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Uchitel
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Boris Kantor
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Edward C Smith
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Mohamad A Mikati
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
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5
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Carbonaro-Sarracino DA, Tarantal AF, Lee CCI, Kaufman ML, Wandro S, Jin X, Martinez M, Clark DN, Chun K, Koziol C, Hardee CL, Wang X, Kohn DB. Dosing and Re-Administration of Lentiviral Vector for In Vivo Gene Therapy in Rhesus Monkeys and ADA-Deficient Mice. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2020; 16:78-93. [PMID: 31871959 PMCID: PMC6909201 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine deaminase (ADA)-deficient mice and healthy rhesus monkeys were studied to determine the impact of age at treatment, vector dosage, dosing schedule, repeat administration, biodistribution, and immunogenicity after systemic delivery of lentiviral vectors (LVs). In Ada -/- mice, neonatal treatment resulted in broad vector marking across all tissues analyzed, whereas adult treatment resulted in marking restricted to the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Intravenous administration to infant rhesus monkeys also resulted in dose-dependent marking in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Using an ELISA to monitor anti-vector antibody development, Ada -/- neonatal mice did not produce an antibody response, whereas Ada -/- adult mice produced a strong antibody response to vector administration. In mice and monkeys with repeat administration of LV, a strong anti-vector antibody response was shown in response to the second LV administration, which resulted in LV inactivation. Three separate doses administered to immune competent mice resulted in acute toxicity. Pegylation of the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G)-enveloped LVs showed a less robust anti-vector response but did not prevent the inactivation of the second LV administration. These studies identify important factors to consider related to age and timing of administration when implementing systemic delivery of LVs as a potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise A. Carbonaro-Sarracino
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alice F. Tarantal
- Center for Fetal Monkey Gene Transfer for Heart, Lung, and Blood Diseases, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, and California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - C. Chang I. Lee
- Center for Fetal Monkey Gene Transfer for Heart, Lung, and Blood Diseases, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, and California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Michael L. Kaufman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephen Wandro
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiangyang Jin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michele Martinez
- Center for Fetal Monkey Gene Transfer for Heart, Lung, and Blood Diseases, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, and California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Danielle N. Clark
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Krista Chun
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Colin Koziol
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Cinnamon L. Hardee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Donald B. Kohn
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- The Eli & Edythe Broad Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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6
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Gaffke L, Pierzynowska K, Podlacha M, Brokowska J, Węgrzyn G. Changes in cellular processes occurring in mucopolysaccharidoses as underestimated pathomechanisms of these diseases. Cell Biol Int 2020; 45:498-506. [PMID: 31855304 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of genetic disorders belonging to lysosomal storage diseases. They are caused by genetic defects leading to a lack or severe deficiency of activity of one of lysosomal hydrolases involved in degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Partially degraded GAGs accumulate in lysosomes, which results in dysfunctions of cells, tissues, and organs. Until recently, it was assumed that GAG accumulation in cells is the major, if not the only, mechanism of pathogenesis in MPS, as GAGs may be a physical ballast for lysosomes causing inefficiency of cells due to a large amount of a stored material. However, recent reports suggest that in MPS cells there are changes in many different processes, which might be even more important for pathogenesis than lysosomal accumulation of GAGs per se. Moreover, there are many recently published results indicating that lysosomes not only are responsible for degradation of various macromolecules, but also play crucial roles in the regulation of cellular metabolism. Therefore, it appears plausible that previous failures in treatment of MPS (i.e., possibility to correct only some symptoms and slowing down of the disease rather than fully effective management of MPS) might be caused by underestimation of changes in cellular processes and concentration solely on decreasing GAG levels in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Podlacha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Brokowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
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7
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Gigliobianco MR, Di Martino P, Deng S, Casadidio C, Censi R. New Advanced Strategies for the Treatment of Lysosomal Diseases Affecting the Central Nervous System. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1933-1950. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190708213159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs), also known as lysosomal diseases (LDs) are a group of serious genetic diseases characterized by not only the accumulation of non-catabolized compounds in the lysosomes due to the deficiency of specific enzymes which usually eliminate these compounds, but also by trafficking, calcium changes and acidification. LDs mainly affect the central nervous system (CNS), which is difficult to reach for drugs and biological molecules due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). While some therapies have proven highly effective in treating peripheral disorders in LD patients, they fail to overcome the BBB. Researchers have developed many strategies to circumvent this problem, for example, by creating carriers for enzyme delivery, which improve the enzyme’s half-life and the overexpression of receptors and transporters in the luminal or abluminal membranes of the BBB. This review aims to successfully examine the strategies developed during the last decade for the treatment of LDs, which mainly affect the CNS. Among the LD treatments, enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) and gene therapy have proven effective, while nanoparticle, fusion protein, and small molecule-based therapies seem to offer considerable promise to treat the CNS pathology. This work also analyzed the challenges of the study to design new drug delivery systems for the effective treatment of LDs. Polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes are explored from their technological point of view and for the most relevant preclinical studies showing that they are excellent choices to protect active molecules and transport them through the BBB to target specific brain substrates for the treatment of LDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R. Gigliobianco
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
| | - Piera Di Martino
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
| | - Siyuan Deng
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
| | - Cristina Casadidio
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
| | - Roberta Censi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
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8
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Scarpa M, Orchard PJ, Schulz A, Dickson PI, Haskins ME, Escolar ML, Giugliani R. Treatment of brain disease in the mucopolysaccharidoses. Mol Genet Metab 2017; 122S:25-34. [PMID: 29153844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) disorders are a group of lysosomal storage diseases caused by lysosomal enzyme deficits that lead to glycosaminoglycan accumulation, affecting various tissues throughout the body based on the specific enzyme deficiency. These disorders are characterized by their progressive nature and a variety of somatic manifestations and neurological symptoms. There are established treatments for some MPS disorders, but these mostly alleviate somatic and non-neurological symptoms and do not cure the disease. Patients with MPS I, II, III, and VII can present with neurological manifestations such as neurocognitive decline and behavioral problems. Treatment of these neurological manifestations remains challenging due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that limits delivery of therapeutic agents to the central nervous system (CNS). New therapies that circumvent this barrier and target brain disease in MPS are currently under development. They primarily focus on facilitating penetration of drugs through the BBB, delivery of recombinant enzyme to the brain by gene therapy, or direct CNS administration. This review summarizes existing and potential future treatment approaches that target brain disease in MPS. The information in this review is based on current literature and presentations and discussions during a closed meeting by an international group of experts with extensive experience in managing and treating MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Scarpa
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Helios Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken, Center for Rare Diseases, Wiesbaden, Germany; Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Paul J Orchard
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Angela Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patricia I Dickson
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mark E Haskins
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria L Escolar
- Department of Pediatrics, Program for Neurodevelopment in Rare Disorders, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Department of Genetics, UFRGS & Medical Genetics Service, HCPA, INAGEMP, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Winner LK, Beard H, Hassiotis S, Lau AA, Luck AJ, Hopwood JJ, Hemsley KM. A Preclinical Study Evaluating AAVrh10-Based Gene Therapy for Sanfilippo Syndrome. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 27:363-75. [PMID: 26975339 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2015.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) is predominantly a disorder of the central nervous system, caused by a deficiency of sulfamidase (SGSH) with subsequent storage of heparan sulfate-derived oligosaccharides. No widely available therapy exists, and for this reason, a mouse model has been utilized to carry out a preclinical assessment of the benefit of intraparenchymal administration of a gene vector (AAVrh10-SGSH-IRES-SUMF1) into presymptomatic MPS IIIA mice. The outcome has been assessed with time, measuring primary and secondary storage material, neuroinflammation, and intracellular inclusions, all of which appear as the disease progresses. The vector resulted in predominantly ipsilateral distribution of SGSH, with substantially less detected in the contralateral hemisphere. Vector-derived SGSH enzyme improved heparan sulfate catabolism, reduced microglial activation, and, after a time delay, ameliorated GM3 ganglioside accumulation and halted ubiquitin-positive lesion formation in regions local to, or connected by projections to, the injection site. Improvements were not observed in regions of the brain distant from, or lacking connections with, the injection site. Intraparenchymal gene vector administration therefore has therapeutic potential provided that multiple brain regions are targeted with vector, in order to achieve widespread enzyme distribution and correction of disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne K Winner
- Lysosomal Diseases Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Helen Beard
- Lysosomal Diseases Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sofia Hassiotis
- Lysosomal Diseases Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Adeline A Lau
- Lysosomal Diseases Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Amanda J Luck
- Lysosomal Diseases Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) , Adelaide, Australia
| | - John J Hopwood
- Lysosomal Diseases Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kim M Hemsley
- Lysosomal Diseases Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) , Adelaide, Australia
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10
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Marcó S, Pujol A, Roca C, Motas S, Ribera A, Garcia M, Molas M, Villacampa P, Melia CS, Sánchez V, Sánchez X, Bertolin J, Ruberte J, Haurigot V, Bosch F. Progressive neurologic and somatic disease in a novel mouse model of human mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:999-1013. [PMID: 27491071 PMCID: PMC5047683 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.025171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC (MPSIIIC) is a severe lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency in activity of the transmembrane enzyme heparan-α-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT) that catalyses the N-acetylation of α-glucosamine residues of heparan sulfate. Enzyme deficiency causes abnormal substrate accumulation in lysosomes, leading to progressive and severe neurodegeneration, somatic pathology and early death. There is no cure for MPSIIIC, and development of new therapies is challenging because of the unfeasibility of cross-correction. In this study, we generated a new mouse model of MPSIIIC by targeted disruption of the Hgsnat gene. Successful targeting left LacZ expression under control of the Hgsnat promoter, allowing investigation into sites of endogenous expression, which was particularly prominent in the CNS, but was also detectable in peripheral organs. Signs of CNS storage pathology, including glycosaminoglycan accumulation, lysosomal distension, lysosomal dysfunction and neuroinflammation were detected in 2-month-old animals and progressed with age. Glycosaminoglycan accumulation and ultrastructural changes were also observed in most somatic organs, but lysosomal pathology seemed most severe in liver. Furthermore, HGSNAT-deficient mice had altered locomotor and exploratory activity and shortened lifespan. Hence, this animal model recapitulates human MPSIIIC and provides a useful tool for the study of disease physiopathology and the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marcó
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Anna Pujol
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Carles Roca
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Sandra Motas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Albert Ribera
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Miguel Garcia
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Maria Molas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Pilar Villacampa
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Cristian S Melia
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Víctor Sánchez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Xavier Sánchez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Joan Bertolin
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Virginia Haurigot
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Fatima Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
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Jackson M, Derrick Roberts A, Martin E, Rout-Pitt N, Gronthos S, Byers S. Mucopolysaccharidosis enzyme production by bone marrow and dental pulp derived human mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 114:584-93. [PMID: 25748347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are inherited metabolic disorders that arise from a complete loss or a reduction in one of eleven specific lysosomal enzymes. MPS children display pathology in multiple cell types leading to tissue and organ failure and early death. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) give rise to many of the cell types affected in MPS, including those that are refractory to current treatment protocols such as hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) based therapy. In this study we compared multiple MPS enzyme production by bone marrow derived (hBM) and dental pulp derived (hDP) MSCs to enzyme production by HSCs. hBM MSCs produce significantly higher levels of MPS I, II, IIIA, IVA, VI and VII enzyme than HSCs, while hDP MSCs produce significantly higher levels of MPS I, IIIA, IVA, VI and VII enzymes. Higher transfection efficiency was observed in MSCs (89%) compared to HSCs (23%) using a lentiviral vector. Over-expression of four different lysosomal enzymes resulted in up to 9303-fold and up to 5559-fold greater levels in MSC cell layer and media respectively. Stable, persistent transduction of MSCs and sustained over-expression of MPS VII enzyme was observed in vitro. Transduction of MSCs did not affect the ability of the cells to differentiate down osteogenic, adipogenic or chondrogenic lineages, but did partially delay differentiation down the non-mesodermal neurogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilda Jackson
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Genetics, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ainslie Derrick Roberts
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ellenore Martin
- Department of Genetics, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nathan Rout-Pitt
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Genetics, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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12
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Wolf DA, Banerjee S, Hackett PB, Whitley CB, McIvor RS, Low WC. Gene therapy for neurologic manifestations of mucopolysaccharidoses. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:283-96. [PMID: 25510418 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.966682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a family of lysosomal disorders caused by mutations in genes that encode enzymes involved in the catabolism of glycoaminoglycans. These mutations affect multiple organ systems and can be particularly deleterious to the nervous system. At the present time, enzyme replacement therapy and hematopoietic stem-cell therapy are used to treat patients with different forms of these disorders. However, to a great extent, the nervous system is not adequately responsive to current therapeutic approaches. AREAS COVERED Recent advances in gene therapy show great promise for treating MPS. This article reviews the current state of the art for routes of delivery in developing genetic therapies for treating the neurologic manifestations of MPS. EXPERT OPINION Gene therapy for treating neurological manifestations of MPS can be achieved by intraventricular, intrathecal, intranasal and systemic administrations. The intraventricular route of administration appears to provide the most widespread distribution of gene therapy vectors to the brain. The intrathecal route of delivery results in predominant distribution to the caudal areas of the brain. The systemic route of delivery via intravenous infusion can also achieve widespread delivery to the CNS; however, the distribution to the brain is greatly dependent on the vector system. Intravenous delivery using lentiviral vectors appear to be less effective than adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors. Moreover, some subtypes of AAV vectors are more effective than others in crossing the blood-brain barrier. In summary, the recent advances in gene vector technology and routes of delivery to the CNS will facilitate the clinical translation of gene therapy for the treatment of the neurological manifestations of MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Wolf
- University of Minnesota, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development , Minneapolis, MN 55455 , USA
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13
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McIntyre C, Derrick-Roberts ALK, Byers S, Anson DS. Correction of murine mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA central nervous system pathology by intracerebroventricular lentiviral-mediated gene delivery. J Gene Med 2014; 16:374-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chantelle McIntyre
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
| | - Ainslie L. K. Derrick-Roberts
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology; North Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology; North Adelaide South Australia Australia
- School of Molecular and Biomedical Science; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
| | - Donald S. Anson
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology; North Adelaide South Australia Australia
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14
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Quiviger M, Arfi A, Mansard D, Delacotte L, Pastor M, Scherman D, Marie C. High and prolonged sulfamidase secretion by the liver of MPS-IIIA mice following hydrodynamic tail vein delivery of antibiotic-free pFAR4 plasmid vector. Gene Ther 2014; 21:1001-7. [DOI: 10.1038/gt.2014.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Wong ESY, McIntyre C, Peters HL, Ranieri E, Anson DS, Fletcher JM. Correction of methylmalonic aciduria in vivo using a codon-optimized lentiviral vector. Hum Gene Ther 2014; 25:529-38. [PMID: 24568291 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2013.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylmalonic aciduria is a rare disorder of organic acid metabolism with limited therapeutic options, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Positive results from combined liver/kidney transplantation suggest, however, that metabolic sink therapy may be efficacious. Gene therapy offers a more accessible approach for the treatment of methylmalonic aciduria than organ transplantation. Accordingly, we have evaluated a lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer approach in an in vivo mouse model of methylmalonic aciduria. A mouse model of methylmalonic aciduria (Mut(-/-)MUT(h2)) was injected intravenously at 8 weeks of age with a lentiviral vector that expressed a codon-optimized human methylmalonyl coenzyme A mutase transgene, HIV-1SDmEF1αmurSigHutMCM. Untreated Mut(-/-)MUT(h2) and normal mice were used as controls. HIV-1SDmEF1αmurSigHutMCM-treated mice achieved near-normal weight for age, and Western blot analysis demonstrated significant methylmalonyl coenzyme A enzyme expression in their livers. Normalization of liver methylmalonyl coenzyme A enzyme activity in the treated group was associated with a reduction in plasma and urine methylmalonic acid levels, and a reduction in the hepatic methylmalonic acid concentration. Administration of the HIV-1SDmEF1αmurSigHutMCM vector provided significant, although incomplete, biochemical correction of methylmalonic aciduria in a mouse model, suggesting that gene therapy is a potential treatment for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward S Y Wong
- 1 Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital , North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
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16
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Baldo G, Giugliani R, Matte U. Gene delivery strategies for the treatment of mucopolysaccharidoses. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:449-59. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.880689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Tomatsu S, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Barbosa H, Montaño AM, Barrera LA, Shimada T, Yasuda E, Mackenzie WG, Mason RW, Suzuki Y, Orii KE, Orii T. Therapies of mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (Morquio A syndrome). Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2013; 1:805-818. [PMID: 25419501 DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2013.846853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Morquio A syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA, MPS IVA) is one of the lysosomal storage diseases and is caused by the deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS). Deficiency of this enzyme leads to accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), keratan sulfate (KS) and chondroitin-6-sulfate (C6S). The majority of KS is produced by chondrocytes, and therefore, the undegraded substrates accumulate mainly in cells and extracelluar matrix (ECM) of cartilage. This has a direct impact on cartilage and bone development, leading to systemic skeletal dysplasia. In patients with Morquio A, cartilage cells are vacuolated, and this results in abnormal chondrogenesis and/or endochondral ossification. AREAS COVERED This article describes the advanced therapies of Morquio A, focused on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and gene therapy to deliver the drug to avascular bone lesions. ERT and gene therapies for other types of MPS are also discussed, which provide therapeutic efficacy to bone lesions. EXPERT OPINION ERT, gene therapy and hematopietic stem therapy are clinically and/or experimentally conducted. However, there is no effective curative therapy for bone lesion to date. One of the limitations for Morquio A therapy is that targeting avascular cartilage tissues remains an unmet challenge. ERT or gene therapy with bone-targeting system will improve the bone pathology and skeletal manifestations more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Tomatsu
- Professor and Director, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA ; Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Skeletal Dysplasia Center, Nemours Biomedical Research, 1600 Rockland Rd., Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Carlos J Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Hector Barbosa
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Adriana M Montaño
- Saint Louis University, Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Luis A Barrera
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Tsutomu Shimada
- Professor and Director, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Eriko Yasuda
- Professor and Director, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - William G Mackenzie
- Professor and Director, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Robert W Mason
- Professor and Director, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Suzuki
- Gifu University, Medical Education Development Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kenji E Orii
- Gifu University, Department of Pediatrics, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tadao Orii
- Gifu University, Department of Pediatrics, Gifu, Japan
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18
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Meijer OLM, van Vlies N, Wijburg FA. Treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis type III (Sanfilippo syndrome). Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2013. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2013.830069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga LM Meijer
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, Department of Pediatrics and Amsterdam Lysosome Centre ‘Sphinx', Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ;
| | - Naomi van Vlies
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, Department of Pediatrics and Amsterdam Lysosome Centre ‘Sphinx', Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ;
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Lab Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A Wijburg
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, Department of Pediatrics and Amsterdam Lysosome Centre ‘Sphinx', Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ;
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Ruiz de Garibay AP, Delgado D, Del Pozo-Rodríguez A, Solinís MÁ, Gascón AR. Multicomponent nanoparticles as nonviral vectors for the treatment of Fabry disease by gene therapy. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2012; 6:303-10. [PMID: 23118528 PMCID: PMC3484727 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s36131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Gene-mediated enzyme replacement is a reasonable and highly promising approach for the treatment of Fabry disease (FD). The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the potential applications of solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN)-based nonviral vectors for the treatment of FD. Methods: SLNs containing the pR-M10-αGal A plasmid that encodes the α-Galactosidase A (α-Gal A) enzyme were prepared and their in vitro transfection efficacy was studied in Hep G2 cells. We also studied the cellular uptake of the vectors and the intracellular disposition of the plasmid. Results: The enzymatic activity of the cells treated with the vectors increased significantly relative to the untreated cells, regardless of the formulation assayed. When the SLNs were prepared with protamine or dextran and protamine, the activity of the α-Gal A enzyme by the transfected Hep G2 cells increased up to 12-fold compared to that of untreated cells. Conclusion: With this work we have revealed in Hep G2 cells the ability of a multicomponent system based on SLNs to act as efficient nonviral vectors to potentially correct low α-Gal A activity levels in FD with gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritz Pérez Ruiz de Garibay
- Pharmacokinetics, Nanotechnology and Gene Therapy Group, Pharmacy Faculty, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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20
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Ruzo A, Marcó S, García M, Villacampa P, Ribera A, Ayuso E, Maggioni L, Mingozzi F, Haurigot V, Bosch F. Correction of pathological accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in central nervous system and peripheral tissues of MPSIIIA mice through systemic AAV9 gene transfer. Hum Gene Ther 2012; 23:1237-46. [PMID: 22909060 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2012.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPSIIIA) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the sulfamidase gene. Accumulation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) inside the lysosomes is associated with severe neurodegeneration as well as peripheral organ pathological changes leading to death of affected individuals during adolescence. There is no cure for MPSIIIA. Due to the limitation of the blood-brain barrier, enzyme replacement therapy and gene therapy strategies attempted thus far have not achieved whole-body correction of the disease. After the systemic administration of an adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) vector encoding for sulfamidase under the control of a ubiquitous promoter, we were able to obtain widespread expression of the therapeutic transgene in brain and in peripheral organs, and sulfamidase activity in serum of both male and female MPSIIIA mice. This was accompanied by the normalization of GAG storage levels in most peripheral organs. In brain, decrease in GAG tissue content following AAV9 gene transfer of sulfamidase was associated with the resolution of neuroinflammation. Finally, correction of disease phenotype resulted in a remarkable prolongation of survival of both male and female AAV-treated MPSIIIA mice. This proof-of-concept study will be relevant to the future development of therapies for MPSIIIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Ruzo
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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21
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Agudo J, Ruzo A, Kitur K, Sachidanandam R, Blander JM, Brown BD. A TLR and non-TLR mediated innate response to lentiviruses restricts hepatocyte entry and can be ameliorated by pharmacological blockade. Mol Ther 2012; 20:2257-67. [PMID: 22871668 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentiviral vector (LV)-mediated gene transfer is a promising method of gene therapy. We previously reported that systemic injection of HIV-based LV triggers a transient inflammatory response. Here, we carried out studies to better characterize this response, and to develop a strategy to overcome the adverse effects of interferon (IFN) on LV-mediated gene transfer. We profiled gene expression in the liver after LV administration using deep-sequencing (RNA-seq), and identified several innate response pathways. We examined the response to LV in MyD88-TRIF knockout mice, which are incapable of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. Unexpectedly, the IFN response to LV was not reduced in the liver indicating that a non-TLR pathway can recognize LV in this organ. Indeed, blocking reverse transcription with azidothymidine (AZT) reduced the IFN response only in the liver, suggesting that proviral DNA can be a trigger. To block the inflammatory response, we pretreated mice with a short course of dexamethasone (Dex). At 4 hours post-treatment, all the IFN-induced genes were normalized. By blocking the inflammatory response, hepatocyte transduction was dramatically increased, which in turn doubled the level of human factor IX (FIX) produced by a hepatocyte-specific LV. Our studies uncover new insights into LV-induced immune responses in the liver, and provide a means to increase the safety and efficiency of LV-mediated gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Agudo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY 10028, USA
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22
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Macsai CE, Derrick-Roberts ALK, Ding X, Zarrinkalam KH, McIntyre C, Anderson PH, Anson DS, Byers S. Skeletal response to lentiviral mediated gene therapy in a mouse model of MPS VII. Mol Genet Metab 2012; 106:202-13. [PMID: 22525091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis VII (MPS VII) is an autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disorder caused by β-glucuronidase (GUSB) deficiency, resulting in the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), in a variety of cell types. Severe, progressive skeletal pathology, termed dysostosis multiplex, is a prominent clinical feature of MPS VII. We have evaluated a gene therapy protocol for its efficacy in preventing the development and progression of bone pathology in MPS VII mice treated with a lentiviral vector at birth or at 7 weeks. Two weeks after injections, high levels of vector expression were observed in liver, spleen and bone marrow and to a lesser extent in kidney, lung and heart. Widespread clearance of GAG storage was observed in somatic tissues of both groups and some clearance of neuronal storage was observed in mice treated from birth. Micro-CT analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in vertebral and femoral bone mineral volume, trabecular number, bone surface density and cortical bone thickness in both treatment groups. Lumbar and femoral bone lengths were significantly decreased in untreated MPS VII mice, while growth plate heights were increased and these parameters did not change upon treatment. Small improvements in performance in the open field and rotarod behaviour tests were noted. Overall, systemic lentiviral-mediated gene therapy results in a measurable improvement in parameters of bone mass and architecture as well as biochemical and enzymatic correction. Conversely, growth plate chondrocytes were not responsive to treatment, as evidenced by the lack of improvement in vertebral and femoral bone length and growth plate height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen E Macsai
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (CYWHS Site), Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
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Systemic delivery of scAAV9 in fetal macaques facilitates neuronal transduction of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Gene Ther 2012; 20:69-83. [DOI: 10.1038/gt.2011.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Female mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA mice exhibit hyperactivity and a reduced sense of danger in the open field test. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25717. [PMID: 22028789 PMCID: PMC3196509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable behavioural tests in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases allow us to study the natural history of disease and evaluate the efficacy of novel therapies. Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA (MPS IIIA or Sanfilippo A), is a severe, neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in the heparan sulphate catabolising enzyme, sulfamidase. Undegraded heparan sulphate accumulates, resulting in lysosomal enlargement and cellular dysfunction. Patients suffer a progressive loss of motor and cognitive function with severe behavioural manifestations and premature death. There is currently no treatment. A spontaneously occurring mouse model of the disease has been described, that has approximately 3% of normal enzyme activity levels. Behavioural phenotyping of the MPS IIIA mouse has been previously reported, but the results are conflicting and variable, even after full backcrossing to the C57BL/6 background. Therefore we have independently backcrossed the MPS IIIA model onto the C57BL/6J background and evaluated the behaviour of male and female MPS IIIA mice at 4, 6 and 8 months of age using the open field test, elevated plus maze, inverted screen and horizontal bar crossing at the same circadian time point. Using a 60 minute open field, we have demonstrated that female MPS IIIA mice are hyperactive, have a longer path length, display rapid exploratory behaviour and spend less time immobile than WT mice. Female MPS IIIA mice also display a reduced sense of danger and spend more time in the centre of the open field. There were no significant differences found between male WT and MPS IIIA mice and no differences in neuromuscular strength were seen with either sex. The altered natural history of behaviour that we observe in the MPS IIIA mouse will allow more accurate evaluation of novel therapeutics for MPS IIIA and potentially other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) encompass more than 50 distinct diseases, caused by defects in various aspects of lysosomal function. Neurodegeneration and/or dysmyelination are the hallmark of roughly 70% of LSDs. Gene therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of CNS manifestations in LSDs, as it has the potential to provide a permanent source of the deficient enzyme, either by direct injection of vectors or by transplantation of gene-corrected cells. In this latter approach, the biology of neural stem/progenitor cells and hematopoietic cells might be exploited. AREAS COVERED Based on an extensive literature search up until March 2011, the author reviews and discusses the progress, the crucial aspects and the major challenges towards the development of novel gene therapy strategies aimed to target the CNS, with particular attention to direct intracerebral gene delivery and transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells. EXPERT OPINION The implementation of viral vector delivery systems with specific tropism, regulated transgene expression, low immunogenicity and low genotoxic risk and the improvement in isolation and manipulation of relevant cell types to be transplanted, are fundamental challenges to the field. Also, combinatorial strategies might be required to achieve full correction in LSDs with neurological involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Gritti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milano, Italy.
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