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Riquelme SA, Hopkins BD, Wolfe AL, DiMango E, Kitur K, Parsons R, Prince A. Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Attaches Tumor Suppressor PTEN to the Membrane and Promotes Anti Pseudomonas aeruginosa Immunity. Immunity 2017; 47:1169-1181.e7. [PMID: 29246444 PMCID: PMC5738266 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PTEN controls cell proliferation by regulating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) activity, but the participation of PTEN in host defense against bacterial infection is less well understood. Anti-inflammatory PI3K-Akt signaling is suppressed in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease characterized by hyper-inflammatory responses to airway infection. We found that Ptenl-/- mice, which lack the NH2-amino terminal splice variant of PTEN, were unable to eradicate Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the airways and could not generate sufficient anti-inflammatory PI3K activity, similar to what is observed in CF. PTEN and the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) interacted directly and this interaction was necessary to position PTEN at the membrane. CF patients under corrector-potentiator therapy, which enhances CFTR transport to the membrane, have increased PTEN amounts. These findings suggest that improved CFTR trafficking could enhance P. aeruginosa clearance from the CF airway by activating PTEN-mediated anti-bacterial responses and might represent a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew L Wolfe
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Emily DiMango
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kipyegon Kitur
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ramon Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alice Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Prince A, Wang H, Kitur K, Parker D. Humanized Mice Exhibit Increased Susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia. J Infect Dis 2017; 215:1386-1395. [PMID: 27638942 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a highly successful human pathogen that has evolved in response to human immune pressure. The common USA300 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains express a number of toxins, such as Panton-Valentine leukocidin and LukAB, that have specificity for human receptors. Using nonobese diabetic (NOD)-scid IL2Rγnull (NSG) mice reconstituted with a human hematopoietic system, we were able to discriminate the roles of these toxins in the pathogenesis of pneumonia. We demonstrate that expression of human immune cells confers increased severity of USA300 infection. The expression of PVL but not LukAB resulted in more-severe pulmonary infection by the wild-type strain (with a 30-fold increase in the number of colony-forming units/mL; P < .01) as compared to infection with the lukS/F-PV (Δpvl) mutant. Treatment of mice with anti-PVL antibody also enhanced bacterial clearance. We found significantly greater numbers (by 95%; P < .05) of macrophages in the airways of mice infected with the Δpvl mutant compared with those infected with the wild-type strain, as well as significantly greater expression of human tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 6 (84% and 51% respectively; P < .01). These results suggest that the development of humanized mice may provide a framework to assess the contribution of human-specific toxins and better explore the roles of specific components of the human immune system in protection from S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Prince
- Department Pediatrics
- Department of Pharmacology, and
| | - Hui Wang
- Humanized Mouse Core Facility, Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York
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Wolfe AL, Hopkins BD, Riquelme SA, Kitur K, Ozturk S, Kang K, Remark R, Rahman A, Lin CS, Merad M, Szabolcs M, Chen SH, Prince A, Parsons R. Abstract 334: PTEN-L regulates epithelial growth and macrophage function. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
PTEN is among the most frequently mutated and deleted tumor suppressor genes in many malignancies, including breast cancer. An alternatively translated long form of PTEN, termed PTEN-L, has divergent functionality from PTEN, although its function at the organism level has not been studied. Here, we report a knockout mouse with specific ablation of PTEN-L expression but intact expression of PTEN. These mice display mammary ductal hyperplasia characterized by increased luminal growth and increased numbers of macrophages in the surrounding stroma. Macrophages are particularly affected by PTEN-L loss, with significant changes to their secretomes and functional deficiencies in clearing bacterial infections, consistent with a shift toward an M2-like polarization. Overall, these findings demonstrate that PTEN-L has unique functions in regulating mammary epithelial growth and macrophage functionality that are independent of canonical PTEN.
Citation Format: Andrew L. Wolfe, Benjamin D. Hopkins, Sebastián A. Riquelme, Kipyegon Kitur, Sait Ozturk, Kyeongah Kang, Romain Remark, Adeeb Rahman, Chyuan-Sheng Lin, Miriam Merad, Matthias Szabolcs, Shu-Hsia Chen, Alice Prince, Ramon Parsons. PTEN-L regulates epithelial growth and macrophage function [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 334. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-334
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sait Ozturk
- 2Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Kitur K, Parker D, Nieto P, Ahn DS, Cohen TS, Chung S, Wachtel S, Bueno S, Prince A. Toxin-induced necroptosis is a major mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus lung damage. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004820. [PMID: 25880560 PMCID: PMC4399879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus USA300 strains cause a highly inflammatory necrotizing pneumonia. The virulence of this strain has been attributed to its expression of multiple toxins that have diverse targets including ADAM10, NLRP3 and CD11b. We demonstrate that induction of necroptosis through RIP1/RIP3/MLKL signaling is a major consequence of S. aureus toxin production. Cytotoxicity could be prevented by inhibiting either RIP1 or MLKL signaling and S. aureus mutants lacking agr, hla or Hla pore formation, lukAB or psms were deficient in inducing cell death in human and murine immune cells. Toxin-associated pore formation was essential, as cell death was blocked by exogenous K+ or dextran. MLKL inhibition also blocked caspase-1 and IL-1β production, suggesting a link to the inflammasome. Rip3-/- mice exhibited significantly improved staphylococcal clearance and retained an alveolar macrophage population with CD200R and CD206 markers in the setting of acute infection, suggesting increased susceptibility of these leukocytes to necroptosis. The importance of this anti-inflammatory signaling was indicated by the correlation between improved outcome and significantly decreased expression of KC, IL-6, TNF, IL-1α and IL-1β in infected mice. These findings indicate that toxin-induced necroptosis is a major cause of lung pathology in S. aureus pneumonia and suggest the possibility of targeting components of this signaling pathway as a therapeutic strategy. Staphylococcus aureus (SA) cause a highly inflammatory pneumonia associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Much of this lung destruction is attributed to toxins that target specific receptors on human and murine cells. We demonstrate that the α-hemolysin (Hla) and other agr-regulated toxins activate RIP1/RIP3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis and IL-1β expression, through a mechanism that involves MLKL pore-formation and inflammasome activation. Cell death can be inhibited by osmoprotectants and K+ repletion. Necroptosis results in alveolar macrophage depletion and loss of anti-inflammatory signaling. Rip3-/- mice maintain significantly greater numbers of alveolar macrophages with anti-inflammatory phenotypes, CD206+ and CD200R+; decreased proinflammatory cytokine production; and improved SA clearance. Necroptosis represents a common mechanism of pulmonary damage activated by multiple SA toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kipyegon Kitur
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Dane Parker
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Pamela Nieto
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Danielle S. Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Taylor S. Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Samuel Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Sarah Wachtel
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Susan Bueno
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alice Prince
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: ,
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Affiliation(s)
- Kipyegon Kitur
- PharmacologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUnited States
| | - Alice Prince
- PharmacologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUnited States
- PediatricsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUnited States
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Kitur K, Ahn D, Parker D, Prince A. Macrophage destruction and loss of immunoregulatory function contributes to the pathology associated with MRSA pneumonia. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.831.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alice Prince
- PharmacologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY
- PediatricsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY
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Agudo J, Ruzo A, Kitur K, Sachidanandam R, Blander JM, Brown BD. A TLR and non-TLR mediated innate response to lentiviruses restricts hepatocyte entry and can be ameliorated by pharmacological blockade. Mol Ther 2012; 20:2257-67. [PMID: 22871668 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentiviral vector (LV)-mediated gene transfer is a promising method of gene therapy. We previously reported that systemic injection of HIV-based LV triggers a transient inflammatory response. Here, we carried out studies to better characterize this response, and to develop a strategy to overcome the adverse effects of interferon (IFN) on LV-mediated gene transfer. We profiled gene expression in the liver after LV administration using deep-sequencing (RNA-seq), and identified several innate response pathways. We examined the response to LV in MyD88-TRIF knockout mice, which are incapable of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. Unexpectedly, the IFN response to LV was not reduced in the liver indicating that a non-TLR pathway can recognize LV in this organ. Indeed, blocking reverse transcription with azidothymidine (AZT) reduced the IFN response only in the liver, suggesting that proviral DNA can be a trigger. To block the inflammatory response, we pretreated mice with a short course of dexamethasone (Dex). At 4 hours post-treatment, all the IFN-induced genes were normalized. By blocking the inflammatory response, hepatocyte transduction was dramatically increased, which in turn doubled the level of human factor IX (FIX) produced by a hepatocyte-specific LV. Our studies uncover new insights into LV-induced immune responses in the liver, and provide a means to increase the safety and efficiency of LV-mediated gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Agudo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY 10028, USA
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