1
|
Xie Z, Dan M, Zhao G, Wang D. Recent advances in microbial high-value utilization of brewer's spent grain. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 408:131197. [PMID: 39097237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Mitigating the adverse impacts of agricultural and industrial by-products on human populations and the environment is essential. It is crucial to continually explore methods to upgrade and reengineer these by-products. Brewer's Spent Grain (BSG), the primary by-product of the beer brewing process, constitutes approximately 85% of these by-products. Its high moisture content and rich nutritional profile make BSG a promising candidate for microbial utilization. Consequently, valorizing high-yield, low-cost BSG through microbial fermentation adds significant value. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of two valorization pathways for BSG via microbial processing, tailored to the desired end products: utilizing fermented BSG as a nutritional supplement in human or animal diets, or cultivating edible fungi using BSG as a substrate. The review also explores the microbial fermentation of BSG to produce valuable metabolites, laying a theoretical foundation for its high-value utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Xie
- Yibin Academy of Southwest University, Yibin 644000, China; College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Meiling Dan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Damao Wang
- Yibin Academy of Southwest University, Yibin 644000, China; College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qamar H, Li Y, He R, Waqas M, Song M, Deng D, Cui Y, Yang P, Liu Z, Qammar B, Asnan M, Xie X, Yu M, Ma X. Integrated Metabolomics and Metagenomics Unveiled Biomarkers of Antioxidant Potential in Fermented Brewer's Grains. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:872. [PMID: 39061941 PMCID: PMC11274078 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
About one-third of the global food supply is wasted. Brewers' spent grain (BSG), being produced in enormous amounts by the brewery industry, possesses an eminence nutritional profile, yet its recycling is often neglected for multiple reasons. We employed integrated metagenomics and metabolomics techniques to assess the effects of enzyme treatments and Lactobacillus fermentation on the antioxidant capacity of BSG. The biotreated BSG revealed improved antioxidant capability, as evidenced by significantly increased (p < 0.05) radical scavenging activity and flavonoid and polyphenol content. Untargeted metabolomics revealed that Lactobacillus fermentation led to the prominent synthesis (p < 0.05) of 15 novel antioxidant peptides, as well as significantly higher (p < 0.05) enrichment of isoflavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. The correlation analysis demonstrated that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum exhibited strong correlation (p < 0.05) with aucubin and carbohydrate-active enzymes, namely, glycoside hydrolases 25, glycosyl transferases 5, and carbohydrate esterases 9. The fermented BSG has potential applications in the food industry as a culture medium, a functional food component for human consumption, and a bioactive feed ingredient for animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Qamar
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China; (H.Q.); (R.H.); (M.S.); (D.D.); (Y.C.); (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yuanfei Li
- Institute of Biological Technology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetic Improvement, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330032, China;
| | - Rong He
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China; (H.Q.); (R.H.); (M.S.); (D.D.); (Y.C.); (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan;
| | - Min Song
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China; (H.Q.); (R.H.); (M.S.); (D.D.); (Y.C.); (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Dun Deng
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China; (H.Q.); (R.H.); (M.S.); (D.D.); (Y.C.); (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yiyan Cui
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China; (H.Q.); (R.H.); (M.S.); (D.D.); (Y.C.); (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Pan Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China; (H.Q.); (R.H.); (M.S.); (D.D.); (Y.C.); (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Zhichang Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China; (H.Q.); (R.H.); (M.S.); (D.D.); (Y.C.); (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (M.Y.)
| | | | - Muhammad Asnan
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Xiangxue Xie
- Guangdong VTR Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519060, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China; (H.Q.); (R.H.); (M.S.); (D.D.); (Y.C.); (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (M.Y.)
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Xianyong Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China; (H.Q.); (R.H.); (M.S.); (D.D.); (Y.C.); (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (M.Y.)
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural, Maoming 525000, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vakati SR, Vanderlaan G, Gacura MD, Ji X, Chen L, Piovesan D. Synthesis of Poly-Lactic Acid by Ring Open Polymerization from Beer Spent Grain for Drug Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:483. [PMID: 38399861 PMCID: PMC10892441 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly-lactic acid (PLA) is a synthetic polymer that has gained popularity as a scaffold due to well-established manufacturing processes, predictable biomaterial properties, and sustained therapeutic release rates. However, its drawbacks include weak mechanical parameters and reduced medicinal delivery efficacy after PLA degradation. The development of synthetic polymers that can release antibiotics and other medicines remains a top research priority. This study proposes a novel approach to produce PLA by converting Brewer's spent grain (BSG) into lactic acid by bacterial fermentation followed by lactide ring polymerization with a metal catalyst. The elution properties of the PLA polymer are evaluated using modified Kirby-Bauer assays involving the antimicrobial chemotherapeutical, trimethoprim (TMP). Molded PLA polymer disks are impregnated with a known killing concentration of TMP, and the PLA is evaluated as a drug vehicle against TMP-sensitive Escherichia coli. This approach provides a practical means of assessing the polymer's ability to release antimicrobials, which could be beneficial in exploring new drug-eluting synthetic polymer strategies. Overall, this study highlights the potential of using BSG waste materials to produce valuable biomaterials of medical value with the promise of expanded versatility of synthetic PLA polymers in the field of drug-impregnated tissue grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Snehal R. Vakati
- Department of Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, Gannon University, Erie, PA 16541, USA; (S.R.V.); (X.J.); (L.C.)
| | - Gary Vanderlaan
- Department of Biology, Gannon University, Erie, PA 16541, USA (M.D.G.)
| | - Matthew D. Gacura
- Department of Biology, Gannon University, Erie, PA 16541, USA (M.D.G.)
| | - Xiaoxu Ji
- Department of Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, Gannon University, Erie, PA 16541, USA; (S.R.V.); (X.J.); (L.C.)
| | - Longyan Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, Gannon University, Erie, PA 16541, USA; (S.R.V.); (X.J.); (L.C.)
| | - Davide Piovesan
- Department of Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, Gannon University, Erie, PA 16541, USA; (S.R.V.); (X.J.); (L.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ahuja V, Chauhan S, Purewal SS, Mehariya S, Patel AK, Kumar G, Megharaj M, Yang YH, Bhatia SK. Microbial alchemy: upcycling of brewery spent grains into high-value products through fermentation. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38163946 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2286430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Spent grains are one of the lignocellulosic biomasses available in abundance, discarded by breweries as waste. The brewing process generates around 25-30% of waste in different forms and spent grains alone account for 80-85% of that waste, resulting in a significant global waste volume. Despite containing essential nutrients, i.e., carbohydrates, fibers, proteins, fatty acids, lipids, minerals, and vitamins, efficient and economically viable valorization of these grains is lacking. Microbial fermentation enables the valorization of spent grain biomass into numerous commercially valuable products used in energy, food, healthcare, and biomaterials. However, the process still needs more investigation to overcome challenges, such as transportation, cost-effective pretreatment, and fermentation strategy. to lower the product cost and to achieve market feasibility and customer affordability. This review summarizes the potential of spent grains valorization via microbial fermentation and associated challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Ahuja
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Shikha Chauhan
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Sukhvinder Singh Purewal
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | | | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Danova S, Yankov D, Dobreva L, Dobreva A, Armenova N, Apostolov A, Mileva M. Postbiotics Production of Candidate-Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AC131 with Renewable Bio Resources. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2006. [PMID: 37895388 PMCID: PMC10608073 DOI: 10.3390/life13102006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is a versatile specie, well known as a producer of lactic acid (LA) and other metabolites with biotechnological significance. The present work characterizes growth and lactic acid production of the candidate-probiotic strain L. plantarum AC131, from Bulgarian white brined cheeses. Different nutritional media with ingredients from renewable resources-reduced sugars from dried distillers' grains with soluble (DDGS) and waste waters from the water-vapor distillation of Bulgarian Rosa alba L. and Rosa damascena Mill. essential oil-were assessed. The results obtained showed significant LA production (up to 95% conversion) in modified MRS broth with reducing sugars from DDGS hydrolysates. The addition of R. alba L. and R. damascena Mill. distillation effluents stimulated the growth and biological activity of postbiotics produced by L. plantarum AC131. In both experimental approaches, a statistically significant inhibition (from 20 to 60%) of E. coli HB 101 growth was found during 24 h exposure and a variable effect on the biofilm formed. In conclusion, reducing sugars from DDGS hydrolysates can be successfully used as a carbon source for lactic acid production. In the case of fermentation without pH control, the process is product inhibited, while with pH control, nearly full conversion was achieved. Postbiotics produced during the process of fermentation showed a variety of biological activity and inhibitory effects on the growth of Escherichia coli HB 101.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetla Danova
- Institute of Microbiology “Stephan Angeloff” Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.D.); (L.D.)
| | - Dragomir Yankov
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.Y.); (N.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Lili Dobreva
- Institute of Microbiology “Stephan Angeloff” Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.D.); (L.D.)
| | - Ana Dobreva
- Institute for Roses and Aromatic Plants, Agriculture Academy, 6100 Kazanlak, Bulgaria;
| | - Nadya Armenova
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.Y.); (N.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Apostol Apostolov
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.Y.); (N.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Milka Mileva
- Institute of Microbiology “Stephan Angeloff” Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.D.); (L.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Microbial D-lactic acid production, In Situ separation and recovery from mature and young coconut husk hydrolysate fermentation broth. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Lech M, Labus K. The methods of brewers’ spent grain treatment towards the recovery of valuable ingredients contained therein and comprehensive management of its residues. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
8
|
Yankov D. Fermentative Lactic Acid Production From Lignocellulosic Feedstocks: From Source to Purified Product. Front Chem 2022; 10:823005. [PMID: 35308791 PMCID: PMC8931288 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.823005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The second (lignocellulosic biomass and industrial wastes) and third (algal biomass) generation feedstocks gained substantial interest as a source of various value-added chemicals, produced by fermentation. Lactic acid is a valuable platform chemical with both traditional and newer applications in many industries. The successful fractionation, separation, and hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass result in sugars’ rich raw material for lactic acid fermentation. This review paper aims to summarize the investigations and progress in the last 5 years in lactic acid production from inexpensive and renewable resources. Different aspects are discussed—the type of raw materials, pretreatment and detoxification methods, lactic acid-producers (bacteria, fungi, and yeasts), use of genetically manipulated microorganisms, separation techniques, different approaches of process organization, as well as main challenges, and possible solutions for process optimization.
Collapse
|
9
|
A CRISPR-Cas12a-Based Assay for Efficient Quantification of Lactobacillus panis in Chinese Baijiu Brewing Microbiome. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although the quantification of key microorganisms in fermentation microbiomes is important for monitoring and regulating fermented food production, conventionally used methods are generally time-consuming, involve complicated operations, and have a high level of equipment dependence. We developed a CRISPR-Cas12a-based quantitative Chinese Baijiu brewing microorganism assay (CQAOB) for Lactobacillus panis, the most important lactic acid-producing fermentative microorganism. We initially verified the feasibility of CQAOB for detecting L. panis, and then optimized the reaction parameters to enhance Cas12a detection sensitivity. The specificity of the developed method was verified via the accurate distinction of L. panis nucleic acids from those of other lactic acid bacteria. The quantitative range and detection time for L. panis were 106–109 copies/μL and 40 min, respectively. Finally, we successfully applied CQAOB for quantifying L. panis count in fermented grains. Given its rapid detection and low level of equipment dependence, CQAOB may make an important contribution to quantifying key microorganisms in brewing processes.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lu S, Zheng F, Wen L, He Y, Wang D, Wu M, Wang B. Yeast engineering technologies and their applications to the food industry. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2021.1942037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Lu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Liankui Wen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- SBU of Agriculture, Sinochem Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Manyu Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Bixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Puligundla P, Mok C. Recent advances in biotechnological valorization of brewers' spent grain. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:341-353. [PMID: 33868745 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00900-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Brewers' spent grain (BSG) is the most abundant by-product of beer-brewing. BSG is rich in nutrients such as protein, fiber, minerals, and vitamins, and therefore it is conventionally used as low-cost animal feed. On the other hand, alternative utilization of BSG has gained increased attention during recent years due to technological progress in its processing and the emergence of the concept of circular economy. The valorization of BSG through biotechnological approaches is environmentally friendly and sustainable. This review was focused on recent advancements in the conversion of BSG into value-added products, including bioenergy (ethanol, butanol, hydrogen, biodiesel, and biogas), organic acids, enzymes, xylitol, oligosaccharides, and single cell protein, via biotechnological approaches. In addition, the potential applications of BSG as immobilization matrices in bioprocesses have been reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Puligundla
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulkyoon Mok
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Radosavljević M, Lević S, Belović M, Pejin J, Djukić-Vuković A, Mojović L, Nedović V. Encapsulation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in Polyvinyl Alcohol for the production of L-(+)-Lactic Acid. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
13
|
Ferreira M, Fernandes H, Peres H, Oliva-Teles A, Belo I, Salgado JM. Polyunsaturated fatty acids production by solid-state fermentation on polyurethane foam by Mortierella alpina. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 37:e3113. [PMID: 33342062 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential in healthy diets and their production is extremely important. Natural sources of PUFAs includes animal and aquatic products such as marine fish oil, however there are several limitations such as the decrease of fish stocks throughout the world. Thus, microbial oils are a preferable source of PUFAs. Herein, it was studied the production of PUFAs by Mortierella alpina under solid-state fermentation (SSF) using polyurethane foam as inert substrate and synthetic medium or lignocellulosic hydrolysate as source of C, N, and other nutrients. Several parameters of fermentation conditions were evaluated as carbon source, inductors addition, ratio C/N and temperature. The highest amount of total PUFAs per mass of solid (535.41 ± 24.12 mg/g), linoleic acid (129.66 ± 5.84 mg/g), and α-linoleic acid (401.93 ± 18.10 mg/g) were produced when the culture medium contained 20 g/L glucose, 10% (w/v) linseed oil, the C/N ratio was adjusted to 25 and the incubation temperature was 25°C for 3 days decreasing to 16°C on the remaining 4 days of fermentation. In addition, a hemicellulosic hydrolysate can be used as low-cost substrate to produce PUFAs, although the production was lower than the achieved with synthetic medium. SSF showed an interesting technology for microbial PUFAs production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ferreira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Helena Fernandes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Peres
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Belo
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Salgado
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Physicochemical Characterization and SEM-EDX Analysis of Brewer’s Spent Grain from the Craft Brewery Industry. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12187744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The brewing industry generates, as the primary coproduct, brewers’ spent grain (BSG). In Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico, there are 17 companies that generated 282 tons of BSG by 2016. Cattle feeding is the most common type of disposal for this waste. However, it can be valorized for the production of bioenergy or as a source of added-value products. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to assess the physicochemical properties of the brewers’ spent grain from a local craft brewery, to choose the most appropriate exploitation route. Chemical and morphological analyses were carried out by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy, and the higher heating value determination. The results of the proximate analyses were 72.32% moisture, 78.47% volatile matter, 17.48% fixed carbon, and 4.05% ash. The results of the chemical analysis for extractables were 5.23% using organic solvent and 50.25% using hot water. The content determination were 17.13% lignin, 26.80% cellulose, and 37.17% hemicellulose. The results of the ultimate analysis were 43.59% C, 6.18% H, 3.46% N, and 37.22% O. The higher heating value experimentally obtained was 18.70 MJ/kg. Moreover, in the EDX analysis, Ca, P, K, and S were mainly found. It is recommendable to valorize the BSG through the xylitol, bioethanol or biogas production, because of its high moisture, hemicellulose and cellulose content.
Collapse
|
15
|
Radosavljević M, Lević S, Belović M, Pejin J, Djukić-Vuković A, Mojović L, Nedović V. Immobilization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in polyvinyl alcohol/calcium alginate matrix for production of lactic acid. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:315-322. [PMID: 31605205 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immobilization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC7469 in poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate (PVA/Ca-alginate) matrix using "freezing-thawing" technique for application in lactic acid (LA) fermentation was studied in this paper. PVA/Ca-alginate beads were made from sterile and non-sterile PVA and sodium alginate solutions. According to mechanical properties, the PVA/Ca-alginate beads expressed a strong elastic character. Obtained PVA/Ca-alginate beads were further applied in batch and repeated batch LA fermentations. Regarding cell viability, L. rhamnosus cells survived well rather sharp immobilization procedure and significant cell proliferation was observed in further fermentation studies achieving high cell viability (up to 10.7 log CFU g-1) in sterile beads. In batch LA fermentation, the immobilized biocatalyst was superior to free cell fermentation system (by 37.1%), while the highest LA yield and volumetric productivity of 97.6% and 0.8 g L-1 h-1, respectively, were attained in repeated batch fermentation. During seven consecutive batch fermentations, the biocatalyst showed high mechanical and operational stability reaching an overall productivity of 0.78 g L-1 h-1. This study suggested that the "freezing-thawing" technique can be successfully used for immobilization of L. rhamnosus in PVA/Ca-alginate matrix without loss of either viability or LA fermentation capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Radosavljević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, Bul. Cara Lazara 1, 21 000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Steva Lević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, 11 080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miona Belović
- Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bul. Cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Pejin
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, Bul. Cara Lazara 1, 21 000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Djukić-Vuković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11 000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Mojović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11 000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Viktor Nedović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, 11 080, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pejin J, Radosavljević M, Kocić-Tanackov S, Marković R, Djukić-Vuković A, Mojović L. Use of spent brewer's yeast in L-(+) lactic acid fermentation. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Pejin
- Faculty of Technology; University of Novi Sad; 21 000 Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 Serbia
| | - Miloš Radosavljević
- Faculty of Technology; University of Novi Sad; 21 000 Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 Serbia
| | - Sunčica Kocić-Tanackov
- Faculty of Technology; University of Novi Sad; 21 000 Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 Serbia
| | | | | | - Ljiljana Mojović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy; University of Belgrade; 11 000 Belgrade Karnegijeva 4 Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Radosavljević M, Pejin J, Pribić M, Kocić-Tanackov S, Romanić R, Mladenović D, Djukić-Vuković A, Mojović L. Utilization of brewing and malting by-products as carrier and raw materials in l-(+)-lactic acid production and feed application. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3001-3013. [PMID: 30778645 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09683-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Application of agro-industrial by-products for the production of lactic acid was studied in this paper. Brewer's spent grain (BSG), malt rootlets (MR), brewer's yeast (BY), and soy lecithin (SL) were used as raw materials in L-(+)-LA fermentation by free and immobilized Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469. The BSG, solid remains after BSG and MR hydrolysis (BSGMRSR), and MR were evaluated as carriers for batch and repeated batch fermentations with immobilized cells. During batch fermentations with immobilized cells, high cell viability (10 to 11 log CFU/g) was achieved on all carriers. In batch fermentation with BSG as a carrier, the highest LA yield of 93.79% and volumetric productivity of 1.15 g/L/h were obtained. Furthermore, very high LA yield (95.46%), volumetric productivity (1.98 g/L/h) and L. rhamnosus viability (11.5 log CFU/g) were achieved in repeated batch fermentations with the cells immobilized on this carrier. The immobilized cells showed high survival rate (94-95%) during exposure to simulated gut condition. Based on the analysis of BSGMRSR, and BY solid remains, and on in vitro evaluation of the probiotic characteristics of immobilized cells, it was observed that they could satisfy the recommendations for high-quality feed preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Radosavljević
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Pejin
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Milana Pribić
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Sunčica Kocić-Tanackov
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Ranko Romanić
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Dragana Mladenović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Djukić-Vuković
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Mojović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang F, Chen L, Liu Y, Li J, Wang L, Chen J. Identification of microorganisms producing lactic acid during solid-state fermentation of Maotai
flavour liquor. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 China
- Kweichow Moutai Distillery Co. Ltd; Guizhou 564501 China
| | | | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Li Wang
- Kweichow Moutai Group; Guizhou 564501 China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pejin J, Radosavljević M, Pribić M, Kocić-Tanackov S, Mladenović D, Djukić-Vuković A, Mojović L. Possibility of L-(+)-lactic acid fermentation using malting, brewing, and oil production by-products. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 79:153-163. [PMID: 30343741 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Industrial by-products such as brewer's spent grain (BSG) hydrolysate, malt rootlets extract (MRE) and soybean meal extract (SME) were used for L-(+) lactic acid (LA) production by a pure L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 strain. The effect of the addition of MRE (10-50%) or SME (10-50%) in BSG hydrolysate on batch and fed-batch LA fermentation was evaluated. The addition of MRE and SME increased the concentration of free amino nitrogen (FAN) and essential minerals (Fe, Mg, Mn, and Zn), which had a positive effect on the fermentation. Also, the MRE addition significantly lowered C/N ration to a more favorable level for the efficient LA fermentation. In batch fermentation, the highest LA concentration (25.73 g/L), yield (86.31%), and volumetric productivity (0.95 g/L h-1), were obtained with the addition of 50% MRE. Further increase in LA concentration to 58.01 g/L, yield to 88.54%, and volumetric productivity to 1.19 g/L h-1 was achieved in fed-batch fermentation with addition of 50% MRE. A high optical purity of LA with 99.7% of L-(+)-isomer was obtained on the substrate based on industrial by-products. In addition, solid remains after BSG hydrolysis and MRE and SME preparation, together with the biomass of L. rhamnosus separated after the fermentation could be a good base for feed preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Pejin
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, 21 000 Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Serbia
| | - Miloš Radosavljević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, 21 000 Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Serbia.
| | - Milana Pribić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, 21 000 Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Serbia
| | - Sunčica Kocić-Tanackov
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, 21 000 Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Serbia
| | - Dragana Mladenović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, 11 000 Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Djukić-Vuković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, 11 000 Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Mojović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, 11 000 Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Radosavljević M, Pejin J, Kocić-Tanackov S, Mladenović D, Djukić-Vuković A, Mojović L. Brewers' spent grain and thin stillage as raw materials in l
-(+)-lactic acid fermentation. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Radosavljević
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Technology; 21 000 Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 Serbia
| | - Jelena Pejin
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Technology; 21 000 Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 Serbia
| | - Sunčica Kocić-Tanackov
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Technology; 21 000 Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 Serbia
| | - Dragana Mladenović
- University of Belgrade; Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy; 11 000 Belgrade Karnegijeva 4 Serbia
| | | | - Ljiljana Mojović
- University of Belgrade; Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy; 11 000 Belgrade Karnegijeva 4 Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pejin J, Radosavljević M, Kocić-Tanackov S, Mladenović D, Djukić-Vuković A, Mojović L. Fed-batch l
-(+)-lactic acid fermentation of brewer's spent grain hydrolysate. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Pejin
- Faculty of Technology; University of Novi Sad; Bulevar cara Lazara 1 21 000 Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Miloš Radosavljević
- Faculty of Technology; University of Novi Sad; Bulevar cara Lazara 1 21 000 Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Sunčica Kocić-Tanackov
- Faculty of Technology; University of Novi Sad; Bulevar cara Lazara 1 21 000 Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Dragana Mladenović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy; University of Belgrade; Karnegijeva 4 11 000 Belgrade Serbia
| | | | - Ljiljana Mojović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy; University of Belgrade; Karnegijeva 4 11 000 Belgrade Serbia
| |
Collapse
|