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Behrooz AB, Cordani M, Fiore A, Donadelli M, Gordon JW, Klionsky DJ, Ghavami S. The obesity-autophagy-cancer axis: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 99:24-44. [PMID: 38309540 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy, a self-degradative process vital for cellular homeostasis, plays a significant role in adipose tissue metabolism and tumorigenesis. This review aims to elucidate the complex interplay between autophagy, obesity, and cancer development, with a specific emphasis on how obesity-driven changes affect the regulation of autophagy and subsequent implications for cancer risk. The burgeoning epidemic of obesity underscores the relevance of this research, particularly given the established links between obesity, autophagy, and various cancers. Our exploration delves into hormonal influence, notably INS (insulin) and LEP (leptin), on obesity and autophagy interactions. Further, we draw attention to the latest findings on molecular factors linking obesity to cancer, including hormonal changes, altered metabolism, and secretory autophagy. We posit that targeting autophagy modulation may offer a potent therapeutic approach for obesity-associated cancer, pointing to promising advancements in nanocarrier-based targeted therapies for autophagy modulation. However, we also recognize the challenges inherent to these approaches, particularly concerning their precision, control, and the dual roles autophagy can play in cancer. Future research directions include identifying novel biomarkers, refining targeted therapies, and harmonizing these approaches with precision medicine principles, thereby contributing to a more personalized, effective treatment paradigm for obesity-mediated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Joseph W Gordon
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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2
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Silva RCMC, Travassos LH, Dutra FF. The dichotomic role of single cytokines: Fine-tuning immune responses. Cytokine 2024; 173:156408. [PMID: 37925788 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are known for their pleiotropic effects. They can be classified by their function as pro-inflammatory, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL) 1 and IL-12, or anti-inflammatory, like IL-10, IL-35 and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Though this type of classification is an important simplification for the understanding of the general cytokine's role, it can be misleading. Here, we discuss recent studies that show a dichotomic role of the so-called pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, highlighting that their function can be dependent on the microenvironment and their concentrations. Furthermore, we discuss how the back-and-forth interplay between cytokines and immunometabolism can influence the dichotomic role of inflammatory responses as an important target to complement cytokine-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Holanda Travassos
- Laboratório de Receptores e Sinalização intracelular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabianno Ferreira Dutra
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Inflamação, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Yamanishi K, Hata M, Gamachi N, Watanabe Y, Yamanishi C, Okamura H, Matsunaga H. Molecular Mechanisms of IL18 in Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17170. [PMID: 38139000 PMCID: PMC10743479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 18 (IL18) was originally identified as an inflammation-induced cytokine that is secreted by immune cells. An increasing number of studies have focused on its non-immunological functions, with demonstrated functions for IL18 in energy homeostasis and neural stability. IL18 is reportedly required for lipid metabolism in the liver and brown adipose tissue. Furthermore, IL18 (Il18) deficiency in mice leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal cells, resulting in depressive-like symptoms and cognitive impairment. Microarray analyses of Il18-/- mice have revealed a set of genes with differential expression in liver, brown adipose tissue, and brain; however, the impact of IL18 deficiency in these tissues remains uncertain. In this review article, we discuss these genes, with a focus on their relationships with the phenotypic disease traits of Il18-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Yamanishi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masaki Hata
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naomi Gamachi
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- Hirakata General Hospital for Developmental Disorders, Hirakata 573-0122, Osaka, Japan; (Y.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chiaki Yamanishi
- Hirakata General Hospital for Developmental Disorders, Hirakata 573-0122, Osaka, Japan; (Y.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Haruki Okamura
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hisato Matsunaga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
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4
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Li W, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhao N, Zhang W, Shi M, Zhao Y, Cai C, Lu C, Gao P, Guo X, Li B, Kim SW, Yang Y, Cao G. Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Potential Genes of Skeletal Muscle Thermogenesis in Mashen Pigs and Large White Pigs under Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15534. [PMID: 37958518 PMCID: PMC10650474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigs are susceptible to cold stress due to the absence of brown fat caused by the partial deletion of uncoupling protein 1 during their evolution. Some local pig breeds in China exhibit potential cold adaptability, but research has primarily focused on fat and intestinal tissues. Skeletal muscle plays a key role in adaptive thermogenesis in mammals, yet the molecular mechanism of cold adaptation in porcine skeletal muscle remains poorly understood. This study investigated the cold adaptability of two pig breeds, Mashen pigs (MS) and Large White pigs (LW), in a four-day cold (4 °C) or normal temperature (25 °C) environment. We recorded phenotypic changes and collected blood and longissimus dorsi muscle for transcriptome sequencing. Finally, the PRSS8 gene was randomly selected for functional exploration in porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells. A decrease in body temperature and body weight in both LW and MS pigs under cold stress, accompanied by increased shivering frequency and respiratory frequency, were observed. However, the MS pigs demonstrated stable physiological homeostasis, indicating a certain level of cold adaptability. The LW pigs primarily responded to cold stress by regulating their heat production and glycolipid energy metabolism. The MS pigs exhibited a distinct response to cold stress, involving the regulation of heat production, energy metabolism pathways, and robust mitochondrial activity, as well as a stronger immune response. Furthermore, the functional exploration of PRSS8 in porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells revealed that it affected cellular energy metabolism and thermogenesis by regulating ERK phosphorylation. These findings shed light on the diverse transcriptional responses of skeletal muscle in LW and MS pigs under cold stress, offering valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cold adaptation in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Yufen Chen
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Yunting Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Ning Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Wanfeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Mingyue Shi
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Chunbo Cai
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Chang Lu
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Pengfei Gao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Bugao Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
| | - Guoqing Cao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (W.L.)
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Wang H, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Liu J, Hong L. β-Sitosterol as a Promising Anticancer Agent for Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy: Mechanisms of Action and Future Prospects. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1085-1110. [PMID: 37247842 PMCID: PMC10509430 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the primary causes of death worldwide, and its incidence continues to increase yearly. Despite significant advances in research, the search for effective and nontoxic preventive and therapeutic agents remains greatly important. Cancer is a multimodal disease, where various mechanisms play significant roles in its occurrence and progression. This highlights the need for multitargeted approaches that are not only safe and inexpensive but also provide effective alternatives for current therapeutic regimens. β-Sitosterol (SIT), the most abundant phytosterol found in various plant foods, represents such an option. Preclinical evidence over the past few decades has overwhelmingly shown that SIT exhibits multiple anticancer activities against varied cancers, such as liver, cervical, colon, stomach, breast, lung, pancreatic, and prostate cancers, in addition to leukemia, multiple myeloma, melanoma, and fibrosarcoma. In this article, we present the latest advances and perspectives on SIT-systematically summarizing its antitumor mechanisms of action into 7 main sections and combining current challenges and prospects-for its use as a promising agent for cancer prevention and treatment. In particular, SIT plays a role in cancer prevention and treatment mainly by enhancing apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest, bidirectionally regulating oxidative stress, improving metabolic reprogramming, inhibiting invasion and metastasis, modulating immunity and inflammation, and combating drug resistance. Although SIT holds such great promise, the poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability coupled with low targeting efficacy limit its therapeutic efficacy and clinical application. Further research on novel drug delivery systems may improve these deficiencies. Overall, through complex and pleiotropic mechanisms, SIT has good potential for tumor chemoprevention and chemotherapy. However, no clinical trials have yet proven this potential. This review provides theoretical basis and rationality for the further design and conduct of clinical trials to confirm the anticancer activity of SIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Baggio C, Bindoli S, Guidea I, Doria A, Oliviero F, Sfriso P. IL-18 in Autoinflammatory Diseases: Focus on Adult Onset Still Disease and Macrophages Activation Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11125. [PMID: 37446301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in various innate and adaptive immune processes related to infection, inflammation, and autoimmunity. Therefore, it is described as a key mediator of autoinflammatory diseases associated with the development of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), including systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult-onset Still's disease. This review focuses on the role of IL-18 in inflammatory responses, placing emphasis on autoinflammatory diseases associated with chronic excess of serum IL-18, which correlate with clinical and biological signs of the disease. Therefore, it is useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity. Researchers are currently investigating IL-18's role as a therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The inhibition of IL-18 signaling through recombinant human IL-18BP (IL-18 binding protein) seems to be an effective therapeutic strategy, though further studies are necessary to clarify its importance as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Baggio
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Bindoli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Irina Guidea
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Doria
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Oliviero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Sfriso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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Chen J, Li X, Yan S, Li J, Zhou Y, Wu M, Ding J, Yang J, Yuan Y, Zhu Y, Wu W. An autophagy-related long non-coding RNA prognostic model and related immune research for female breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:929240. [PMID: 36591508 PMCID: PMC9798206 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.929240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer (BRCA) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. It was widely accepted that autophagy and the tumor immune microenvironment play an important role in the biological process of BRCA. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as vital regulatory molecules, are involved in the occurrence and development of BRCA. The aim of this study was to assess the prognosis of BRCA by constructing an autophagy-related lncRNA (ARlncRNA) prognostic model and to provide individualized guidance for the treatment of BRCA. Methods The clinical data and transcriptome data of patients with BRCA were acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA), and autophagy-related genes were obtained from the human autophagy database (HADb). ARlncRNAs were identified by conducting co‑expression analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to construct an ARlncRNA prognostic model. The prognostic model was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, plotting risk curve, Independent prognostic analysis, clinical correlation analysis and plotting ROC curves. Finally, the tumor immune microenvironment of the prognostic model was studied. Results 10 ARlncRNAs(AC090912.1, LINC01871, AL358472.3, AL122010.1, SEMA3B-AS1, BAIAP2-DT, MAPT-AS1, DNAH10OS, AC015819.1, AC090198.1) were included in the model. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of the prognostic model showed that the overall survival(OS) of the low-risk group was significantly better than that of the high-risk group (p< 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analyses suggested that the prognostic model was an independent prognostic factor for BRCA (HR = 1.788, CI = 1.534-2.084, p < 0.001). ROCs of 1-, 3- and 5-year survival revealed that the AUC values of the prognostic model were all > 0.7, with values of 0.779, 0.746, and 0.731, respectively. In addition, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) suggested that several tumor-related pathways were enriched in the high-risk group, while several immune‑related pathways were enriched in the low-risk group. Patients in the low-risk group had higher immune scores and their immune cells and immune pathways were more active. Patients in the low-risk group had higher PD-1 and CTLA-4 levels and received more benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy. Discussion The ARlncRNA prognostic model showed good performance in predicting the prognosis of patients with BRCA and is of great significance to guide the individualized treatment of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinrong Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuixin Yan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiadi Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Minhua Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinhua Ding
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yijie Yuan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weizhu Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,*Correspondence: Weizhu Wu,
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Production of Stem Cell Antigen 1 Sca-1/Ly-6A/E by Freshly Isolated NK Cells Cultured with Relevant Cytokines. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 174:62-65. [PMID: 36437320 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Activated NK cells in appropriate conditions are known to express stem cell antigen 1 (Sca-1/Ly-6A/E). To investigate its production, NK cells isolated from mouse spleens were incubated ex vivo in the presence of different combinations of cytokines (IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IFNγ). Expression of Sca-1 was found to be considerably higher in NK cells incubated in the presence of IL-18, IL-15, and IL-12 than in those treated with IL-15 and IL-18 only. To test the hypothesis that the effect of IL-12 was due to stimulation of IFNγ production, we replaced IL-12 with IFNγ in some samples and added specific anti-IFNγ antibody to some samples cultured with IL-15/IL-18+IL-12. In the subpopulations incubated in the presence of IL-15/IL-18 with added IFNγ instead of IL-12, the expression of Sca-1 was not increased. By contrast, in samples treated with IL-15/IL-18+IL-12 and anti-IFNγ antibody, the expression of Sca-1 was activated to a similar extent as in those stimulated by IL-15/IL-18+IL-12 combination without the antibody. The obtained data suggest that IL-12 activates the production of Sca-1 by NK cells through an IFNγ-independent mechanism.
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Gao J, Lu F, Yan J, Wang R, Xia Y, Wang L, Li L, Chang L, Li W. The role of radiotherapy-related autophagy genes in the prognosis and immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:992626. [PMID: 36311724 PMCID: PMC9606704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.992626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a close relationship between radiotherapy and autophagy in tumors, but the prognostic role of radiotherapy-related autophagy genes (RRAGs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. Methods Data used in the current study were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was executed to recognize module genes associated with radiotherapy. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between different radiotherapy response groups were filtered via edgeR package. The differentially expressed radiotherapy-related autophagy genes (DERRAGs) were obtained by overlapping the module genes, DEGs, and autophagy genes (ATGs). Then, prognostic autophagy genes were selected by Cox analyses, and a risk model and nomogram were subsequently built. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) were performed to investigate potential mechanisms through which prognostic autophagy signatures regulate LUAD. Radiotherapy-resistant cell lines (A549IR and PC9IR) were established after exposure to hypo-fractionated irradiation. Ultimately, mRNA expression was validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and relative protein levels were measured in different cell lines by western blot. Results A total of 11 DERRAGs were identified in LUAD. After Cox analyses, SHC1, NAPSA, and AURKA were filtered as prognostic signatures in LUAD. Then, the risk score model was constructed using the prognostic signatures, which had a good performance in predicting the prognosis, as evidenced by receiver operating characteristics curves. Furthermore, Cox regression analyses demonstrated that risk score was deemed as an independent prognostic factor in LUAD. Moreover, GSEA and ssGSEA results revealed that prognostic RRAGs may regulate LUAD by modulating the immune microenvironment and affecting cell proliferation. The colony formation assay showed that the radiosensitivity of radiation-resistant cell lines was lower than that of primary cells. The western blot assay found that the levels of autophagy were elevated in the radiotherapy-resistant cell lines. Moreover, the expression of DERRAGs (SHC1, AURKA) was higher in the radiotherapy-resistant cells than in primary cells. Conclusion Our study explored the role of RRAGs in the prognosis of LUAD and identified three biomarkers. The findings enhanced the understanding of the relationship between radiotherapy, autophagy, and prognosis in LUAD and provided potential therapeutic targets for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Fei Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Southern Central Hospital of Yunnan Province, The First People’s Hospital of Honghe State, Mengzi, China
| | - Jiawen Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Run Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yaoxiong Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Li Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Wenhui Li, ; Li Chang,
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Wenhui Li, ; Li Chang,
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10
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Ihim SA, Abubakar SD, Zian Z, Sasaki T, Saffarioun M, Maleknia S, Azizi G. Interleukin-18 cytokine in immunity, inflammation, and autoimmunity: Biological role in induction, regulation, and treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:919973. [PMID: 36032110 PMCID: PMC9410767 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.919973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in host defense against infections and regulates the innate and acquired immune response. IL-18 is produced by both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, including monocytes, macrophages, keratinocytes and mesenchymal cell. IL-18 could potentially induce inflammatory and cytotoxic immune cell activities leading to autoimmunity. Its elevated levels have been reported in the blood of patients with some immune-related diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type I diabetes mellitus, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In the present review, we aimed to summarize the biological properties of IL-18 and its pathological role in different autoimmune diseases. We also reported some monoclonal antibodies and drugs targeting IL-18. Most of these monoclonal antibodies and drugs have only produced partial effectiveness or complete ineffectiveness in vitro, in vivo and human studies. The ineffectiveness of these drugs targeting IL-18 may be largely due to the loophole caused by the involvement of other cytokines and proteins in the signaling pathway of many inflammatory diseases besides the involvement of IL-18. Combination drug therapies, that focus on IL-18 inhibition, in addition to other cytokines, are highly recommended to be considered as an important area of research that needs to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Amarachi Ihim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Sharafudeen Dahiru Abubakar
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Zeineb Zian
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Takanori Sasaki
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mohammad Saffarioun
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, AryoGen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Shayan Maleknia
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, AryoGen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- *Correspondence: Gholamreza Azizi,
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Fang Z, Li X, Wang S, Jiang Q, Loor JJ, Jiang X, Ju L, Yu H, Shen T, Chen M, Song Y, Wang Z, Du X, Liu G. Overactivation of hepatic mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (mTORC1) is associated with low transcriptional activity of transcription factor EB and lysosomal dysfunction in dairy cows with clinical ketosis. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:4520-4533. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Bi J, Cheng C, Zheng C, Huang C, Zheng X, Wan X, Chen YH, Tian Z, Sun H. TIPE2 is a checkpoint of natural killer cell maturation and antitumor immunity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi6515. [PMID: 34524845 PMCID: PMC8443187 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi6515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The maturation process of NK cells determines their functionality during which IL-15 plays a critical role. However, very few checkpoints specifically targeting this process have been discovered. Here, we report that TIPE2 expression gradually increased during NK cell ontogenesis correlating to their maturation stages in both mice and humans. NK-specific TIPE2 deficiency increased mature NK cells in mice, and these TIPE2-deficient NK cells exhibited enhanced activation, cytotoxicity, and IFN-γ production upon stimulation and enhanced response to IL-15 for maturation. Moreover, TIPE2 suppressed IL-15–triggered mTOR activity in both human and murine NK cells. Consequently, blocking mTOR constrained the effect of TIPE2 deficiency on NK cell maturation in response to IL-15. Last, NK-specific TIPE2-deficient mice were resistant to tumor growth in vivo. Our results uncover a potent checkpoint in NK cell maturation and antitumor immunity in both mice and humans, suggesting a promising approach of targeting TIPE2 for NK cell–based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Corresponding author. (J.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Chen Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chaoyue Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chen Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohu Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- Center for Protein and Cell-based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Youhai H. Chen
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Research Unit of NK Cell Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Corresponding author. (J.B.); (H.S.)
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Mikhailova V, Khokhlova E, Grebenkina P, Salloum Z, Nikolaenkov I, Markova K, Davidova A, Selkov S, Sokolov D. NK-92 cells change their phenotype and function when cocultured with IL-15, IL-18 and trophoblast cells. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152125. [PMID: 34365089 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
NK cell development is affected by their cellular microenvironment and cytokines, including IL-15 and IL-18. NK cells can differentiate in secondary lymphoid organs, liver and within the uterus in close contact with trophoblast cells. The aim was to evaluate changes in the NK cell phenotype and function in the presence of IL-15, IL-18 and JEG-3, a trophoblast cell line. When cocultured with JEG-3 cells, IL-15 caused an increase in the number of NKG2D+ NK-92 cells and the intensity of CD127 expression. IL-18 stimulates an increase in the amount of NKp44+ NK-92 cells and in the intensity of NKp44 expression by pNK in the presence of trophoblast cells. NK-92 cell cytotoxic activity against JEG-3 cells increased only in presence of IL-18. Data on changes in the cytotoxic activity of NK-92 cells against JEG-3 cells in the presence of IL-15 and IL-18 indicate the modulation of NK cell function both by the cytokine microenvironment and directly by target cells. IL-15 and IL-18 were present in conditioned media (CM) from 1st and 3rd trimester placentas. In the presence of 1st trimester CM and JEG-3 cells, NK-92 cells showed an increase in the intensity of NKG2D expression. In the presence of 3rd trimester CM and JEG-3 cells, a decrease in the expression of NKG2D by NK-92 cells was observed. Thus, culturing of NK-92 cells with JEG-3 trophoblast cells stimulated a pronounced change in the NK cell phenotype, bringing it closer to the decidual NK cell-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mikhailova
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular Interactions, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Russia
| | - Evgeniia Khokhlova
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular Interactions, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Russia
| | - Polina Grebenkina
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular Interactions, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Russia
| | - Zeina Salloum
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular Interactions, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Russia
| | - Igor Nikolaenkov
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Russia
| | - Kseniya Markova
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular Interactions, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Russia
| | - Alina Davidova
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular Interactions, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Russia
| | - Sergey Selkov
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular Interactions, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Sokolov
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular Interactions, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Russia
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Khan AUH, Almutairi SM, Ali AK, Salcedo R, Stewart CA, Wang L, Lee SH. Expression of Nutrient Transporters on NK Cells During Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection Is MyD88-Dependent. Front Immunol 2021; 12:654225. [PMID: 34093543 PMCID: PMC8177011 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.654225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are the predominant innate lymphocytes that provide early defense against infections. In the inflammatory milieu, NK cells modify their metabolism to support high energy demands required for their proliferation, activation, and functional plasticity. This metabolic reprogramming is usually accompanied by the upregulation of nutrient transporter expression on the cell surface, leading to increased nutrient uptake required for intense proliferation. The interleukin-1 family members of inflammatory cytokines are critical in activating NK cells during infection; however, their underlying mechanism in NK cell metabolism is not fully elucidated. Previously, we have shown that IL-18 upregulates the expression of solute carrier transmembrane proteins and thereby induces a robust metabolic boost in NK cells. Unexpectedly, we found that IL-18 signaling is dispensable during viral infection in vivo, while the upregulation of nutrient transporters is primarily MyD88-dependent. NK cells from Myd88-/- mice displayed significantly reduced surface expression of nutrient receptors and mTOR activity during MCMV infection. We also identified that IL-33, another cytokine employing MyD88 signaling, induces the expression of nutrient transporters but requires a pre-exposure to IL-12. Moreover, signaling through the NK cell activating receptor, Ly49H, can also promote the expression of nutrient transporters. Collectively, our findings revealed multiple pathways that can induce the expression of nutrient transporters on NK cells while highlighting the imperative role of MyD88 in NK cell metabolism during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Ul Haq Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Saeedah Musaed Almutairi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Kassim Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rosalba Salcedo
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - C. Andrew Stewart
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- The University of Ottawa Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- The University of Ottawa Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Sun H, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Ni B. IL-10-Producing ILCs: Molecular Mechanisms and Disease Relevance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:650200. [PMID: 33859642 PMCID: PMC8042445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.650200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are mainly composed of natural killer (NK) cells and helper-like lymphoid cells, which play a vital role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, enhancing adaptive immunity and regulating tissue inflammation. Alteration of the distribution and function of ILCs subgroups are closely related to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and cancers. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a highly pleiotropic cytokine, and can be secreted by several cell types, among of which ILCs are recently verified to be a key source of IL-10. So far, the stable production of IL-10 can only be observed in certain NK subsets and ILC2s. Though the regulatory mechanisms for ILCs to produce IL-10 are pivotal for understanding ILCs and potential intervenes of diseases, which however is largely unknown yet. The published studies show that ILCs do not share exactly the same mechanisms for IL-10 production with helper T cells. In this review, the molecular mechanisms regulating IL-10 production in NK cells and ILC2s are discussed in details for the first time, and the role of IL-10-producing ILCs in diseases such as infections, allergies, and cancers are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Huang Y, Ye H, Zhu F, Hu C, Zheng Y. The role of Chito-oligosaccharide in regulating ovarian germ stem cells function and restoring ovarian function in chemotherapy mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:14. [PMID: 33494759 PMCID: PMC7830852 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00699-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the discovery of ovarian germ stem cells (OGSCs) has provided a new research direction for the treatment of female infertility. The ovarian microenvironment affects the proliferation and differentiation of OGSCs, and immune cells and related cytokines are important components of the microenvironment. However, whether improving the ovarian microenvironment can regulate the proliferation of OGSCs and remodel ovarian function has not been reported. In this study, we chelated chito-oligosaccharide (COS) with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to track the distribution of COS in the body. COS was given to mice through the best route of administration, and the changes in ovarian and immune function were detected using assays of organ index, follicle counting, serum estrogen (E2) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, and the expression of IL-2 and TNF-α in the ovaries. We found that COS significantly increased the organ index of the ovary and immune organs, reduced the rate of follicular atresia, increased the levels of E2 and AMH hormones, and increased the protein expression of IL-2 and TNF-α in the ovary. Then, COS and OGSCs were co-cultured to observe the combination of COS and OGSCs, and measure the survival rate of OGSCs. With increasing time, the fluorescence intensity of cells gradually increased, and the cytokines IL-2 and TNF-α significantly promoted the proliferation of OGSCs. In conclusion, COS could significantly improve the ovarian and immune function of chemotherapy model mice, and improve the survival rate of OGSCs, which provided a preliminary blueprint for further exploring the mechanism of COS in protecting ovarian function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqi Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haifeng Ye
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Feiyin Zhu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chuan Hu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yuehui Zheng
- Department of reproductive health, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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17
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Tanaka Y. Cancer immunotherapy harnessing γδ T cells and programmed death-1. Immunol Rev 2020; 298:237-253. [PMID: 32888218 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has received increasing attention since the success of CTLA-4 and programmed death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cells. One of the most promising next-generation cancer treatments is adoptive transfer of immune effector cells. Developing an efficacious adoptive transfer therapy requires growing large numbers of highly purified immune effector cells in a short period of time. γδ T cells can be effectively expanded using synthetic antigens such as pyrophosphomonoesters and nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs). Pyrophosphomonoester antigens, initially identified in mycobacterial extracts, were used for this purpose in the early years of the development of γδ T cell-based therapy. GMP-grade N-BPs, which are now commercially available, are used in many clinical trials worldwide. In order to develop N-BPs for cancer immunotherapy, N-BP prodrugs have been synthesized; among these, tetrakis-pivaloyloxymethyl 2-(thiazole-2-ylamino)ethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (PTA) is the most potent compound for stimulating γδ T cells. The activated γδ T cells express high levels of PD-1, suggesting the potential for a combination therapy harnessing γδ T cells and PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors. In addition, the functions of γδ T cells can be modified by IL-18. Collectively, the recent findings show that γδ T cells are one of the most promising immune effector subsets for the development of novel cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Tanaka
- Center for Medical Innovation, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Japan
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18
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Seo M, Anderson G. Gut-Amygdala Interactions in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Developmental Roles via regulating Mitochondria, Exosomes, Immunity and microRNAs. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4344-4356. [PMID: 31692435 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191105102545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have long been conceived as developmental disorder. A growing body of data highlights a role for alterations in the gut in the pathoetiology and/or pathophysiology of ASD. Recent work shows alterations in the gut microbiome to have a significant impact on amygdala development in infancy, suggesting that the alterations in the gut microbiome may act to modulate not only amygdala development but how the amygdala modulates the development of the frontal cortex and other brain regions. METHODS This article reviews wide bodies of data pertaining to the developmental roles of the maternal and foetal gut and immune systems in the regulation of offspring brain development. RESULTS A number of processes seem to be important in mediating how genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors interact in early development to regulate such gut-mediated changes in the amygdala, wider brain functioning and inter-area connectivity, including via regulation of microRNA (miR)-451, 14-3-3 proteins, cytochrome P450 (CYP)1B1 and the melatonergic pathways. As well as a decrease in the activity of monoamine oxidase, heightened levels of in miR-451 and CYP1B1, coupled to decreased 14-3-3 act to inhibit the synthesis of N-acetylserotonin and melatonin, contributing to the hyperserotonemia that is often evident in ASD, with consequences for mitochondria functioning and the content of released exosomes. These same factors are likely to play a role in regulating placental changes that underpin the association of ASD with preeclampsia and other perinatal risk factors, including exposure to heavy metals and air pollutants. Such alterations in placental and gut processes act to change the amygdala-driven biological underpinnings of affect-cognitive and affect-sensory interactions in the brain. CONCLUSION Such a perspective readily incorporates previously disparate bodies of data in ASD, including the role of the mu-opioid receptor, dopamine signaling and dopamine receptors, as well as the changes occurring to oxytocin and taurine levels. This has a number of treatment implications, the most readily applicable being the utilization of sodium butyrate and melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonsang Seo
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London, United Kingdom
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19
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Chen J, Niu X, Gao Y, Ma L, Gao X, Chen H, Qi R. IL‑18 knockout alleviates atopic dermatitis‑like skin lesions induced by MC903 in a mouse model. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:880-888. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‑Long Chen
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xue‑Li Niu
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ya‑Li Gao
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Xing‑Hua Gao
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Hong‑Duo Chen
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Rui‑Qun Qi
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Wen JJ, Cummins C, Radhakrishnan RS. Sildenafil Recovers Burn-Induced Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2020. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3390/cells9061393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Severe burn injury initiates a feedback cycle of inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress and cardiac mitochondrial damage via the PDE5A-cGMP-PKG pathway. Aim: To test if the PDE5A-cGMP-PKG pathway may contribute to burn-induced heart dysfunction. Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats were divided four groups: sham; sham/sildenafil; 24 h post burn (60% total body surface area scald burn, harvested at 24 h post burn); and 24 h post burn/sildenafil. We monitored heart function and oxidative adducts, as well as cardiac inflammatory, cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling responses in vivo. Results: Sildenafil inhibited the burn-induced PDE5A mRNA level and increased the cGMP level and PKG activity, leading to the normalization of PKG down-regulated genes (IRAG, PLB, RGS2, RhoA and MYTP), a decreased ROS level (H2O2), decreased oxidatively modified adducts (malonyldialdehyde [MDA], carbonyls), attenuated fibrogenesis as well as fibrosis gene expression (ANP, BNP, COL1A2, COL3A2, αSMA and αsk-Actin), and reduced inflammation and related gene expression (RELA, IL-18 and TGF-β) after the burn. Additionally, sildenafil treatment preserved left ventricular heart function (CO, EF, SV, LVvol at systolic, LVPW at diastolic and FS) and recovered the oxidant/antioxidant balance (total antioxidant, total SOD activity and Cu,ZnSOD activity). Conclusions: The PDE5A-cGMP-PKG pathway mediates burn-induced heart dysfunction. Sildenafil treatment recovers burn-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Sildenafil Recovers Burn-Induced Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061393. [PMID: 32503314 PMCID: PMC7349507 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Severe burn injury initiates a feedback cycle of inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress and cardiac mitochondrial damage via the PDE5A-cGMP-PKG pathway. Aim: To test if the PDE5A-cGMP-PKG pathway may contribute to burn-induced heart dysfunction. Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats were divided four groups: sham; sham/sildenafil; 24 h post burn (60% total body surface area scald burn, harvested at 24 h post burn); and 24 h post burn/sildenafil. We monitored heart function and oxidative adducts, as well as cardiac inflammatory, cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling responses in vivo. Results: Sildenafil inhibited the burn-induced PDE5A mRNA level and increased the cGMP level and PKG activity, leading to the normalization of PKG down-regulated genes (IRAG, PLB, RGS2, RhoA and MYTP), a decreased ROS level (H2O2), decreased oxidatively modified adducts (malonyldialdehyde [MDA], carbonyls), attenuated fibrogenesis as well as fibrosis gene expression (ANP, BNP, COL1A2, COL3A2, αSMA and αsk-Actin), and reduced inflammation and related gene expression (RELA, IL-18 and TGF-β) after the burn. Additionally, sildenafil treatment preserved left ventricular heart function (CO, EF, SV, LVvol at systolic, LVPW at diastolic and FS) and recovered the oxidant/antioxidant balance (total antioxidant, total SOD activity and Cu,ZnSOD activity). Conclusions: The PDE5A-cGMP-PKG pathway mediates burn-induced heart dysfunction. Sildenafil treatment recovers burn-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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IL-12 regulates the expansion, phenotype, and function of murine NK cells activated by IL-15 and IL-18. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:1699-1712. [PMID: 32333080 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
NK cells, which are composed of phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous subpopulations, play critical roles in immunity against cancer. The mechanism of generation of distinct subsets such as the effector and regulatory subtypes is unclear. Here, we show that this process comprises several steps, including generation of proliferating, highly cytotoxic cells activated by IL-15/IL-18 and differentiation into distinct cell populations induced with IL-12. Freshly prepared murine splenic NK cells expressed IL-15Rs and IL-18Rs and rapidly began to proliferate following stimulation with IL-15/IL-18. The proliferating NK cells highly expressed various activation markers such as B220, CD49b (DX5), lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 (LAMP-1), DNAX accessory molecule 1, perforin, and granzyme B and showed reduced expression of natural killer cell p46-related protein (NKp46) and IL-18Rα. These cells exerted strong cytotoxicity against YAC-1 cells, but did not secrete cytokines. IL-12 rapidly activated STAT4 in these cells, induced IFN-γ production, and then upregulated p21 and p27, leading to withdrawal from the cell cycle. In parallel, IL-12-stimulated cells gradually reduced cytotoxicity, decreased expression of activation markers, and instead increased expression of Sca-1, CD25, CD49a, and NKp46. Some IL-15/IL-18-induced cells strongly expressed PD-1, whereas NK cells induced with IL-15/IL-18 and IL-12 expressed high levels of T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3, LAG-3, and natural killer group 2 A. Furthermore, these cells spontaneously secreted IL-10 and TGF-β following prolonged incubation. Thus, IL-12 regulates expansion of NK cells activated with IL-15/IL-18, influences the population size of highly cytotoxic cells, and induces differentiation to unique cells sharing some phenotypes of ILCs.
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Rex DAB, Agarwal N, Prasad TSK, Kandasamy RK, Subbannayya Y, Pinto SM. A comprehensive pathway map of IL-18-mediated signalling. J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 14:257-266. [PMID: 31863285 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-019-00544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines and was initially described as an IFN-γ-inducing factor derived from anti-CD3-stimulated T-helper (Th)1 cells. IL-18 plays a significant role in the activation of hematopoietic cell types mediating both Th1 and Th2 responses and is the primary inducer of interferon-γ in these cells. The biological activity of IL-18 is mediated through its binding to the IL-18 receptor complex and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), culminating in the production and release of several cytokines, chemokines, and cellular adhesion molecules. In certain cell types, IL-18 also activates mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/ AKT serine/threonine kinase (PI3K/AKT) signaling modules leading to the production and release of proinflammatory cytokines. IL-18-mediated signaling acts as one of the vital components of the immunomodulatory cytokine networks involved in host defense, inflammation, and tissue regeneration. Albeit its biomedical importance, a comprehensive resource of IL-18 mediated signaling pathway is currently lacking. In this study, we report on the development of an integrated pathway map of IL-18/IL-18R signaling. The pathway map was developed through literature mining from published literature based on manual curation guidelines adapted from NetPath and includes information on 16 protein-protein interaction events, 38 enzyme-catalysis events, 12 protein translocation events, 26 activations/inhibition events, transcriptional regulators, 230 gene regulation events and 84 induced protein expression events. The IL-18 signaling pathway can be freely accessed through the WikiPathways database (https://www.wikipathways.org/index.php/Pathway:WP4754).
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Affiliation(s)
- D A B Rex
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Nupur Agarwal
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Richard K Kandasamy
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India. .,Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Sneha M Pinto
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India. .,Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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24
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Li W, Jin D, Takai S, Hayakawa T, Ogata J, Yamanishi K, Yamanishi H, Okamura H. Impaired function of aorta and perivascular adipose tissue in IL-18-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H1142-H1156. [PMID: 31518161 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00813.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
IL-18 is ubiquitously produced by both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. The present study examined the thoracic aorta, including the surrounding perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), of IL-18KO mice from functional and histological perspectives. IL-18KO mice exhibited raised blood pressure compared with wild-type mice. Echocardiographic examination showed a thickened vascular wall and narrowed vascular diameter of the aorta. Examination by the Magnus test demonstrated dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs) in the IL-18KO thoracic aorta and impairment of the anticontractile function of IL-18KO PVAT. Histological examination showed no inflammatory lesions in the aorta but indicated progressive fibrosis in the vessel and conversion of PVAT from brown adipose tissue-like features to white adipose tissue-like features. Electron microscopic observation suggested several deformed mitochondria in the aorta and vacuole-like structures in ECs from IL-18KO mice. In addition, activity of complex IV was lower and production of reactive oxygen species was augmented in the mitochondria of IL-18KO aorta. Although expression of LC3 B was higher, rapamycin-induced autophagy flux was impaired in the IL-18KO PVAT. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that LAMP 1/2 was increased in IL-18KO PVAT, and measurement of cathepsin-D activity indicated decreased levels in IL-18KO PVAT. The IL-18KO thoracic aorta thus showed defects in physiological functions related to histological alterations, and the inflammasome/IL-18 system was suggested to play a protective role in cardiovascular cells, probably through quality control of mitochondria via promotion of autophagosome/autophagolysosome formation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY IL-18 deficiency caused aortic abnormalities in terms of morphology and functions in parallel with an accumulation of damaged mitochondria and anomalous turnover of protein complexes, such as PGC-1 and LAMP1 and -2 in PVAT. These findings suggested that IL-18 plays roles in maintaining the homeostasis of vessels and PVAT around the aorta, possibly by promoting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Denan Jin
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Takai
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsu Hayakawa
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Jun Ogata
- Hirakata General Hospital for Developmental Disorders, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Yamanishi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Haruki Okamura
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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25
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Troschke-Meurer S, Siebert N, Marx M, Zumpe M, Ehlert K, Mutschlechner O, Loibner H, Ladenstein R, Lode HN. Low CD4⁺/CD25⁺/CD127⁻ regulatory T cell- and high INF-γ levels are associated with improved survival of neuroblastoma patients treated with long-term infusion of ch14.18/CHO combined with interleukin-2. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:1661194. [PMID: 31741754 PMCID: PMC6844328 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1661194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with the anti-GD2 antibody (Ab) ch14.18/CHO in combination with interleukin 2 (IL-2) has improved survival of high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) patients. Here, we report immunotherapy-related effects on circulating NK cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), granulocytes as well as on Ab-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and cytokines IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18 and CCL2 and their association with progression-free survival (PFS). In a closed single-center program, 53 patients received five cycles of 6 × 106 IU/m2 subcutaneous IL-2 (d1-5; 8–12) combined with long-term infusion (LTI) of 100 mg/m2 ch14.18/CHO (d8-18). Immune cells and cytokines were analyzed by flow cytometry and ADCC by calcein-AM-based cytotoxicity assay. IL-2 administration increased cytotoxic NK cell-, eosinophil- and Treg counts in cycle 1 (2.9-, 3.1- and 20.7-fold, respectively) followed by further increase in subsequent cycles, whereas neutrophil levels were elevated only after the ch14.18/CHO infusion (2.4-fold change). Serum concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18 and CCL2 in cycle 1 were increased during the combinatorial therapy (peak levels of 3,656 ± 655 pg/ml, 162 ± 38 pg/ml, 20.91 ± 4.74 pg/ml, 1,584 ± 196 pg/ml and 2,159 ± 252 pg/ml, respectively). Surprisingly, we did not observe any correlation between NK-, eosinophil- or neutrophil levels and PFS. In contrast, patients with low Tregs showed significantly improved PFS compared to those who had high levels. Treg counts negatively correlated with INF-γ serum concentrations and patients with high INF-γ and IL-18 had significantly improved survival compared to those with low levels. In conclusion, LTI of ch14.18/CHO in combination with IL-2 resulted in Treg induction that inversely correlated with IFN-γ levels and PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Troschke-Meurer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nikolai Siebert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Madlen Marx
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maxi Zumpe
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karoline Ehlert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | - Ruth Ladenstein
- St. Anna Children's Hospital and Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Department of Pediatrics, Medical University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Holger N Lode
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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26
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Hernandez-Santana YE, Giannoudaki E, Leon G, Lucitt MB, Walsh PT. Current perspectives on the interleukin-1 family as targets for inflammatory disease. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:1306-1320. [PMID: 31250428 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201848056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the first description of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and the genesis of the field of cytokine biology, the understanding of how IL-1 and related cytokines play central orchestrating roles in the inflammatory response has been an area of intense investigation. As a consequence of these endeavours, specific strategies have been developed to target the function of the IL-1 family in human disease realizing significant impacts for patients. While the most significant advances to date have been associated with inhibition of the prototypical family members IL-1α/β, approaches to target more recently identified family members such as IL-18, IL-33 and the IL-36 subfamily are now beginning to come to fruition. This review summarizes current knowledge surrounding the roles of the IL-1 family in human disease and describes the rationale and strategies which have been developed to target these cytokines to inhibit the pathogenesis of a wide range of diseases in which inflammation plays a centrally important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina E Hernandez-Santana
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin.,National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin
| | - Eirini Giannoudaki
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin.,National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin
| | - Gemma Leon
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin.,National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin
| | - Margaret B Lucitt
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin
| | - Patrick T Walsh
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin.,National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin
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27
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Pencheva-Demireva M, El-Darawish Y, Kavaldzhieva K, Mladenov N, Lazarov V, Dimitrova-Dikanarova D, Markova T, Nikolov R, Okamura H. Upregulation of Natural Killer Cells Proliferation by Cytokine Stimulation. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2019; 38:85-88. [PMID: 31009333 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2019.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells can discriminate between normal and cancer cells and are known to directly recognize and kill malignant cells or induce apoptosis. Thus, activation of NK cells is considered as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. However, clinical application has been somewhat limited because of difficulties in the preparation of sufficient number of highly cytotoxic/activated NK cells in vitro. We used cytokine stimulation to provide a suitable environment (activating receptor-ligand interactions) for the expansion of NK cells. This method potently expanded NK cells, and the final product was composed of highly proliferating NK cells. The expanded NK cells showed significant upregulation of various activation receptors such as CD69 and NKG2D. The latter is a particularly important receptor for triggering NK cell responses toward tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pencheva-Demireva
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.,2 Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yosif El-Darawish
- 2 Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Katerina Kavaldzhieva
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nikola Mladenov
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vladislav Lazarov
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Tzvetanka Markova
- 3 Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumen Nikolov
- 3 Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Haruki Okamura
- 2 Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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28
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Interleukin-18 in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030649. [PMID: 30717382 PMCID: PMC6387150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-18 was originally discovered as a factor that enhanced IFN-γ production from anti-CD3-stimulated Th1 cells, especially in the presence of IL-12. Upon stimulation with Ag plus IL-12, naïve T cells develop into IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) expressing Th1 cells, which increase IFN-γ production in response to IL-18 stimulation. Therefore, IL-12 is a commitment factor that induces the development of Th1 cells. In contrast, IL-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine that facilitates type 1 responses. However, IL-18 without IL-12 but with IL-2, stimulates NK cells, CD4+ NKT cells, and established Th1 cells, to produce IL-3, IL-9, and IL-13. Furthermore, together with IL-3, IL-18 stimulates mast cells and basophils to produce IL-4, IL-13, and chemical mediators such as histamine. Therefore, IL-18 is a cytokine that stimulates various cell types and has pleiotropic functions. IL-18 is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines. IL-18 demonstrates a unique function by binding to a specific receptor expressed on various types of cells. In this review article, we will focus on the unique features of IL-18 in health and disease in experimental animals and humans.
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29
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Barrow AD, Colonna M. Exploiting NK Cell Surveillance Pathways for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010055. [PMID: 30626155 PMCID: PMC6356551 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells can evoke potent anti-tumour activity. This function is largely mediated through a battery of specialised cell-surface receptors which probe the tissue microenvironment for changes in surface and secretory phenotypes that may alert to the presence of infection or malignancy. These receptors have the potential to arouse the robust cytotoxic and cytokine-secreting functions of NK cells and so must be tightly regulated to prevent autoimmunity. However, such functions also hold great promise for clinical intervention. In this review, we highlight some of the latest breakthroughs in fundamental NK cell receptor biology that have illuminated our understanding of the molecular strategies NK cells employ to perceive malignant cells from normal healthy cells. Moreover, we highlight how these sophisticated tumour recognition strategies are being harnessed for cancer immunotherapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander David Barrow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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30
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Dinarello CA, Kaplanski G. Indeed, IL-18 is more than an inducer of IFN-γ. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:237-238. [PMID: 29733453 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.ce0118-025rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Anthony Dinarello
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles Kaplanski
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Conception, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Marseille, France
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