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Winge T, Perry B, Matheeussen A, Caljon G, Wünsch B. Late-Stage Diversification of Pyrazoles as Antileishmanial Agents. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400028. [PMID: 38289147 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
N-Pyrazolylcarboxamides and N-pyrazolylureas represent promising lead compounds for the development of novel antileishmanial drugs. Herein, we report the late-stage diversification of 3-bromopyrazoles 10 A/B and 14 A by Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira and Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reactions. The electron-withdrawing properties of the cyano moiety in 4-position of the pyrazole ring limited the acylation of the primary amino moiety in 5-position. A large set of pyrazoles bearing diverse aryl and alkynyl substituents in 3-position was prepared and the antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activity was recorded. The urea 38 lacking the electron withdrawing cyano moiety in 4-position and containing the large 4-benzylpiperidinoo moiety exhibited a modest antileishmanial (IC50=19 μM) and antitrypanosomal activity (IC50=7.9 μM)). However, its considerable toxicity against the PMM and MRC-5 cells indicates low selectivity, i. e. a small gap between the desired antiparasitic activity and undesired cytotoxicity of <2- to 4-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Winge
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ben Perry
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, 15 chemin Camille-Vidart, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- current Address: Medicxi Ventures, 10 Cours de Rive, 1204, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - An Matheeussen
- University of Antwerpen, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Campus CDE, S7.24, Universiteitsplein 1 B, 2610 Wilrijk-, Antwerpen
| | - Guy Caljon
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
- GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
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2
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Ban K, Imai K, Oyama S, Tokunaga J, Ikeda Y, Uchiyama H, Kadota K, Tozuka Y, Akai S, Sawama Y. Sulfonium Salt Reagents for the Introduction of Deuterated Alkyl Groups in Drug Discovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311058. [PMID: 37726202 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of pharmaceutical drugs can be improved by replacing C-H bonds with the more stable C-D bonds at the α-position to heteroatoms, which is a typical metabolic site for cytochrome P450 enzymes. However, the application of deuterated synthons is limited. Herein, we established a novel concept for preparing deuterated reagents for the successful synthesis of complex drug skeletons with deuterium atoms at the α-position to heteroatoms. (dn -Alkyl)diphenylsulfonium salts prepared from the corresponding nondeuterated forms using inexpensive and abundant D2 O as the deuterium source with a base, were used as electrophilic alkylating reagents. Additionally, these deuterated sulfonium salts were efficiently transformed into dn -alkyl halides and a dn -alkyl azide as coupling reagents and a dn -alkyl amine as a nucleophile. Furthermore, liver microsomal metabolism studies revealed deuterium kinetic isotope effects (KIE) in 7-(d2 -ethoxy)flavone. The present concept for the synthesis of deuterated reagents and the first demonstration of a KIE in a d2 -ethoxy group will contribute to drug discovery research based on deuterium chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuho Ban
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keisuke Imai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuki Oyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jin Tokunaga
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yui Ikeda
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Uchiyama
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kadota
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tozuka
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Shuji Akai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Sawama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Deuterium Science Research Unit, Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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3
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Tarabová D, Soralová S, Breza M, Fronc M, Holzer W, Milata V. Use of activated enol ethers in the synthesis of pyrazoles: reactions with hydrazine and a study of pyrazole tautomerism. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:752-60. [PMID: 24778729 PMCID: PMC3999851 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated enol ethers derived from esters or the dinitrile of malonic acid, or from pentane-2,4-dione were treated with hydrazine hydrate. The structures of the obtained products – pyrazoles 5 – were studied with a focus on tautomerism and supramolecular structure. A reverse addition of the reagents led to the isolation of two novel products, namely bis-enehydrazines 6 with an unsymmetrical arrangement of the formally equivalent subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Tarabová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislava Soralová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia ; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Breza
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Fronc
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Wolfgang Holzer
- Department of Drug and Natural Product Synthesis, Vienna University, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktor Milata
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
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4
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Shekarrao K, Kaishap PP, Saddanapu V, Addlagatta A, Gogoi S, Boruah RC. Microwave-assisted palladium mediated efficient synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines, pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolines, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazolines. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02865a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient method was developed for the synthesis of pyrazole fused heterocycles via the palladium-catalyzed solvent free reaction of β-halovinyl/aryl aldehydes and 3-aminopyrazoles/5-aminopyrazoles under microwave irradiation in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kommuri Shekarrao
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat, India
| | - Partha Pratim Kaishap
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat, India
| | | | | | - Sanjib Gogoi
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat, India
| | - Romesh C. Boruah
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat, India
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5
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Sulake RS, Chen C, Lin HR, Lua AC. Synthesis of deuterium labeled ketamine metabolite dehydronorketamine-d₄. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5719-21. [PMID: 21865041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A convenient synthesis of ketamine metabolite dehydronorketamine-d(4), starting from commercially available deuterium labeled bromochlorobenzene, was achieved. Key steps include Grignard reaction, regioselective hydroxybromination, Staudinger reduction, and dehydrohalogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohidas S Sulake
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd. Soufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
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6
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A facile and improved synthesis of desomorphine and its deuterium-labeled analogue. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-011-0635-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Facile and efficient aromatization of 1,4-dihydropyridines with M(NO3)2·XH2O, TNCB, TBAP and HMTAI and preparation of deuterium labeled dehydronifedipine from nifedipine-d3. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:3664-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Rádl S, Blahovcová M, Plaček L, Pekárek T, Havlíček J. Synthesis of some impurities and/or degradation products of zaleplon. J Heterocycl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Elsinghorst PW, Gütschow M. Synthesis of2H- and13C-labelled sunitinib and its primary metabolite. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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