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Farhadi A, Abuei H, Okhovat MA, Geramizadeh B, Behzad-Behbahani A, Chong PP, Nikouyan N, Namdari S. Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:166. [PMID: 37568237 PMCID: PMC10422805 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There exists strong evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with cervical cancer (CC). HPV E6 is a major oncogene whose sequence variations may be associated with the development of CC. There is not sufficient data on the distribution of HPV types in ThinPrep cytology specimens and HPV 16/18 E6 gene variations among CC patients in the southwest of Iran. This study was conducted to contribute to HPV screening and vaccination in Iran. METHODS A total of 648 women screened for cervicitis, intraepithelial neoplasia or CC were included in the study. All participants underwent ThinPrep cytology testing, single-step HPV DNA detection and allele-specific reverse hybridization assays. Moreover, a total of 96 specimens previously tested positive for single infection with HPV16 or 18 were included for variant analysis. HPV16/18 lineages and sublineages were determined by PCR assays followed by sequencing the E6 gene and the construction of neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees. RESULTS Overall, HPV DNA was detected in 62.19% of all the screened subjects. The detection rates of HPV DNA among individuals with normal, ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL, and HSIL cervical cytology were 48.9%, 93.6%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Low-risk HPVs were detected more frequently (46.9%) than high-risk (38.9%) and possible high-risk types (11.1%). Of 403 HPV-positive subjects, 172 (42.7%) had single HPV infections while the remaining 231 (57.3%) were infected with multiple types of HPV. Our results indicated a remarkable growth of high-risk HPV66 and 68 and low-risk HPV81 which have rarely been reported in Iran and HPV90 and 87 that are reported for the first time in the country. In addition, 3 lineages (A, D, and C) and 6 sublineages (A1, A2, A4, C1, D1, and D2) of HPV16, and one lineage and 4 sublineages (A1, A3, A4, and A5) of HPV18 were identified. The studied HPV16 and 18 variants mainly belonged to the D1 and A4 sublineages, respectively. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the prevalence of HPV infection in women of all age groups with or without premalignant lesions in the southwestern Iran is high and the predominant HPV types in the southwest of Iran may differ from those detected in other parts of the country. This study also highlights the necessity of not only initiating HPV vaccination for the general population but also developing new vaccines that confer immunity against the prevalent HPV types in the area and national cervical screening programs using a combination of thinPrep cytology test and HPV detection assays in order to improve the accuracy of the screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Farhadi
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Abuei
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Okhovat
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Shiraz University, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Behzad-Behbahani
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Negin Nikouyan
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sepide Namdari
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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The Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Women with Genital Warts Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm-111191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: The genotypic distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) needs to be determined with detail as it is an important issue when it comes to public health and preparing vaccines since the HPV type may be different in various areas. Objectives: This study aimed at reporting the frequency of HPV types among women in Sari in the north of Iran. Methods: From 2018 October to 2019 April, 50 sterile swabs of vaginal and cervical discharge of women with genital warts, which were performed by a gynecologist, were examined to determine the prevalence of HPV genotyping by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: From 50 vaginal swab samples of patients with genital warts, the frequency distribution of types of HPV in women with genital warts included 5 patients (10.0%) with 2 high-risk serotypes as simultaneous serotypes 4% (16, 18), 4% (18, 35), 2% (66, 67), 1 patient (2%) HPV 33, 1 patient (2%) HPV 34, 1 patient (2%) 1 patient (2%) HPV 35, 2 patients (4%) HPV 66, 1 patient (2%) HPV 67, and 1 patient (2%) HPV 68. Conclusions: Since HPV genotype varies in diverse areas, these results can be used for screening, management, and vaccination of the target population against the common types of virus in Sari.
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Rezaee Azhar I, Yaghoobi M, Mossalaeie MM, Kollaee Darabi A, Nejadeh AH, Jamshidi M, Ahani A, Karkhane Mahmoodi M, Ghalichi L, Shabanzadeh A, Ataei-Pirkooh A, Marjani A, Khamseh A, Shafiei M, Hosseini P, Soltani S, Zandi M, Ghafari P, Aboofazeli A, Ghaziasadi A, Jazayeri SM. Prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) genotypes between outpatients males and females referred to seven laboratories in Tehran, Iran. Infect Agent Cancer 2022; 17:7. [PMID: 35248145 PMCID: PMC8897875 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-022-00421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papilloma virus (HPV) causes the most common sexually-transmitted infection especially among sexually-active individuals. The aim of study was to characterize the molecular characterization of HPV genotypes between 5176 female and male patients. Methods HPV DNA was extracted from genital swabs of the study participants and amplified by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Genotyping was performed for 2525 cases using REALQUALITY RQ-Multi HPV Detection Kit for the identification of 14 high risk (HR) and 2 low risk (LR) HPV genotypes. Demographic figures were analyzed in correlation with virological data statistically. Results Out of 5176 cases from 7 laboratories, 2727 (53%) were positive for HPV, of which. 2372(87%) women and 355 (13%) men were HPV positive. However, in an intra-gender analysis, positive rate was higher in men (355/637, 55.7%) than in women (2372/4539, 52%; P value 0.007). HPV positive patients were younger than negative individuals. Positive rate was higher among age categories 20–40. Genotyping was performed for 2525 cases. Out of 1219 (48%) patients who contained single genotypes, 566 (22%) and 653 (26%) harboured HR and LR genotypes, respectively. In females and males, 1189 (54%) and 117 (37%) contained multiple genotypes. No substantial associations were found between different age categories and HR/LR and multiple genotypes distribution. Conclusion The prevalence of HPV infection in both genders was high. However, men had a higher rate of infection. These observations highlighted the necessity for a plan for targeted education to younger population in the society as well as application of infection control measures against HPV infection, especially in terms of general population mass HPV vaccination.
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Muresu N, Sotgiu G, Marras S, Gentili D, Sechi I, Cossu A, Dettori A, Pietri RE, Paoni L, Ghi ME, Bagella MP, Marrazzu A, Cossu A, Genovesi A, Piana A, Saderi L. Cervical Screening in North Sardinia (Italy): Genotype Distribution and Prevalence of HPV among Women with ASC-US Cytology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020693. [PMID: 35055515 PMCID: PMC8775344 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype dynamics could support the adoption of more tailored preventive actions against cervical cancer. The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence of HPV infection, HPV genotype distribution, and the epidemiological characteristics of women with ASC-US cytology since the introduction of HPV-DNA testing in Sardinia (Italy), (March 2016–December 2020). Specimens were tested by RT-PCR for 14 high-risk HPV genotypes. A total of 1186 patients were enrolled, with a median (IQR) age of 41 (38–48) years. Of these women, 48.1% were positive for at least one HPV genotype; 311 (26.2%) women were vaccinated with a median (IQR) age of 38 (30/47) years. The percentage of prevalence of HPV-16, -31, -66, -56, and -51 was 36.3%, 18.7%, 11.9%, 11.4% and 10.7%, respectively. The highest prevalence of infection was found in women aged <41 years, and single women. Moreover, women aged >41 years (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.31–0.86; p-value: 0.01), having parity (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34–0.96, p-value: 0.04), and higher educational level (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.18–0.87; p-value: 0.02) were associated with a lower CIN2+ risk. We did not find a significant difference in terms of prevalence of HPV-16 infection between vaccinated and non-vaccinated (18.3% vs. 17.1%; p-value < 0.001). Our results support the adoption of nonavalent HPV-vaccine to prevent the most prevalent infections caused by HPV-16 and -31 genotypes and underscore the need of surveillance to implement tailored vaccination programs and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narcisa Muresu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-079-228472
| | - Silvia Marras
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Davide Gentili
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Illari Sechi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Cossu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Arianna Dettori
- Biomedical Science Ph.D. School, Biomedical Science Department, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Roberto Enrico Pietri
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Luisa Paoni
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria Eugenia Ghi
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria Paola Bagella
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Adriano Marrazzu
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Cossu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Institute of Pathology, University of Sassari, Via Matteotti, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Genovesi
- Department Health Education, Prevention, and Health Promotion Activities, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Andrea Piana
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Laura Saderi
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
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Bitarafan F, Hekmat MR, Khodaeian M, Razmara E, Ashrafganjoei T, Modares Gilani M, Mohit M, Aminimoghaddam S, Cheraghi F, Khalesi R, Rajabzadeh P, Sarmadi S, Garshasbi M. Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Infection among 12,076 Iranian Women. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 111:295-302. [PMID: 34343706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the major health concerns of women in developing countries. This study gives an insight into the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection and compares it with Pap smear results among Iranian women. METHODS In this study, 12,076 Iranian women underwent routine examination from November 2016 to November 2018 using HPV Direct Flow CHIP System for HPV DNA typing. Cytology methods were also undertaken for 5,138 samples. RESULTS Overall HPV prevalence was calculated at 38.68%. The most frequent HPV types were HPV 6, 16, 11, 62/81, 52, and 54, respectively; and, the most high-risk HPV types were HPV 16, 52, 18, 39, 31, and 51. These two groups represent about half of all HPV types detected-47% and 55%, respectively. Among individuals who underwent cytological tests, 135 individuals (2.63%) were cytologically positive. In this group, 81 individuals (60%) were HPV positive as well, 62 (76%) of whom were HR-HPV positive and among them, the most frequent type was HPV 16 (34%). CONCLUSION This study highlights the urgent need for public education and also early diagnosis using HPV screening tests to prevent cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ehsan Razmara
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Teheran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mitra Mohit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Raziyeh Khalesi
- Department of Medical Genetics, DeNA Laboratory, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Soheila Sarmadi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Teheran, Iran.
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Jalali-Alhosseini P, Shoja Z, Soleimani-Jelodar R, Shokrallahnia-Roshan H, Jalilvand S. Lineage and sublineage analysis of human papillomavirus type 56 in cervical samples of Iranian women. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6412-6417. [PMID: 34329490 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the regional lineages and sublineages of human papillomavirus type 56 (HPV 56) would be of great importance for further evolutionary, epidemiological, and biological investigations. To identify the distribution of lineages and sublineages of HPV 56 in Iran, the sequence variations of the E6 gene were analyzed in normal, premalignant, and malignant samples obtained from the cervix. In total, 58 HPV 56-positive samples were investigated by nested-PCR and followed by bidirectional direct nucleotide sequencing analysis. Both lineages A and B were identified in the studied samples. Lineage B was dominant as it was detected in 88.4% of all samples and the remaining samples belonged to lineage A (11.6%). Sublineages A1 and A2 were detected in 3.3% and 8.3% of all samples, respectively. With regard to the pathological stages of cervical specimens, no statistically significant differences were found in the three studied groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, our findings showed that lineage B of HPV 56 was prevalent in Iran. However, further studies with a larger sample size are warranted to estimate the pathogenicity risk of HPV 56 lineages/sublineages to the progression of cervical cancer among Iranian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Jalali-Alhosseini
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Rahim Soleimani-Jelodar
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hosseini N, Shoja Z, Arashkia A, Khodadadi AH, Jalilvand S. Lineage analysis of human papillomavirus type 39 in cervical samples of Iranian women. Virol J 2021; 18:152. [PMID: 34294082 PMCID: PMC8296747 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The data with regards to the regional variants of distinct HPV types is of great value. Accordance with this, this study aimed to investigate the sequence variations of E6 gene and long control region of HPV 39 among normal, premalignant and malignant cervical samples in order to characterize the frequent HPV 39 variants circulating in Tehran, Iran. Methods In total, 70 cervical samples (45 normal, 16 premalignant, and 9 malignant samples) infected with HPV 39 were analyzed by nested-PCR and sequencing. Results Our results revealed that all samples belonged to A lineage. Almost all sequences (98.6%) were classified in A1 sublineage and only one sample (1.4%) was A2 sub lineage. Conclusions Our findings showed that lineages A, sublineage A1, is dominant in Tehran, Iran. However, the small sample size was the most important limitations of this study. Further studies with larger sample size from different geographical regions of Iran are necessary to estimate the pathogenicity risk of HPV 39 variants in this population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12985-021-01619-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Hosseini
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155, Iran
| | | | - Arash Arashkia
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hossein Khodadadi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155, Iran.
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Hosseini N, Shoja Z, Younesi S, Shafiei-Jandaghi NZ, Jalilvand S. Lineage analysis of human papillomavirus types 31 and 45 in cervical samples of Iranian women. J Med Virol 2021; 93:3857-3864. [PMID: 33368429 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Knowing the regional lineages/sublineages of human papillomavirus 31 (HPV 31) and 45 would be of great importance for further evolutionary, epidemiological, and biological analysis. In this regard, to characterize more common lineages and sublineages of HPV 31 and 45, the sequence variations of E6 gene were investigated in normal, premalignant, and malignant samples collected from the cervix in Iran. In total, 54 HPV 31- and 24 HPV 45-positive samples were analyzed by hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested-PCR, respectively. All PCR products were subjected to direct sequencing analysis. The results indicated that all three lineages A, B, and C were detected in HPV 31-positive samples; among which HPV 31 lineage A was dominant as it was found in 66.7% of all samples. HPV 31 lineages B and C were identified in 5.5% and 27.8% of samples, respectively. In HPV 45-infected samples, lineage B comprised of 62.5% of all samples and the remaining 37.5% belonged to lineage A. In conclusion, our findings showed that lineage A of HPV 31 was predominant in Iran. Lineage B of HPV 45 was also dominant among Iranian women. However, further studies with larger sample size should be addressed to estimate the pathogenicity risk of HPV 31 or HPV 45 lineages/sublineages in the development of cervical cancer among Iranian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Hosseini
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sarang Younesi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Nilou Medical Laboratory, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Salavatiha Z, Farahmand M, Shoja Z, Jalilvand S. A meta-analysis of human papillomavirus prevalence and types among Iranian women with normal cervical cytology, premalignant lesions, and cervical cancer. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4647-4658. [PMID: 33694179 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, all data from Iran on human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and types among women with normal cervical cytology, premalignant lesions, and cervical cancer were obtained and pooled. The overall HPV prevalence was found to be 9% in women with a normal cervix, 55% in atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or atypia cases, 58% and 69% in women with low and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, respectively, and 81% among women with invasive cervical cancer. In all of the studied groups, HPV 16 was the most common HPV type, followed by HPV 18. In conclusion, this meta-analysis revealed that it will be beneficial if current HPV vaccines are integrated into the national vaccination programs of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Salavatiha
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Karani LW, Musyoki S, Orina R, Khayeka-Wandabwa C, Nyagaka B. Cytological physiognomies and genotype distribution of human papillomaviruses among HPV/HIV co-infected and HPV mono-infected women. Afr Health Sci 2021; 21:254-262. [PMID: 34394305 PMCID: PMC8356618 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v21i1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-infection of High Risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and HIV is thought to favour initiation of intraepithelial squamous cell lesion and subsequent progression to cervical carcinoma. OBJECTIVES Evaluation of cytological physiognomies in relation to possible age influence and the genotype distribution of human papillomaviruses among HPV/HIV co-infected and HPV monoinfected women in Kisii, Kenya. METHODS The case-control study enrolled 42 HPV/HIV co-infected and 42 HPV monoinfected women. Cervical swabs were collected in ThinPrep vials for HPV tying and cytological analysis. HPV subtypes were assayed by Xpert® HPV system (GXHPV-CE-10). RESULTS Mono-infected women aged 30-39 years had the highest proportion of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) at 14 (16.67%) while the co-infected aged 50-59 years had the highest proportion of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) at 9 (10.71%). HPV-16 genotype was the most predominant and it increased with age rise. Older coinfected and mono-infected women (>40 years) had HSIL and LSIL as the most predominant cytological grade respectively. CONCLUSION The predominance of HPV-16 and HPV-18/45 genotypes in the study setting is a consideration that would benefit targeted prophylactic vaccination programs. HPV testing and cervical cancer screening for young and older women on a regular basis ought to be reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Orina
- School of Health Science, Kisii University, Kenya
| | - Christopher Khayeka-Wandabwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (SPST), Health Science Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Performance Indicators of Cervical Cancer Screening Program Based on The Guidelines of Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Systematic application of a cervical cancer screening program reduces the socioeconomic burden of the disease. Evaluation of screening programs using performance indicator sets and applying cultural, economic, and social considerations minimize the negative impacts of screening and maximize its benefits. Objectives: The present study aimed at developing and evaluating performance indicators of a cervical cancer screening program based on the guidelines of Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education to identify shortcomings and improve national programs. Methods: A total of 839 out of 2504 care checklists for middle-aged women in Rasht, Iran, from 2014 to 2018 were studied. Indicators were evaluated based on the guidelines of Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education on care for middle-aged individuals in 6 areas of screening intensity, screening the program performance, the participation of individuals, compliance of the implementation with guidelines, etc. Results: The eligible women coverage index was 34%. The index of participation in the first run Pap test was 45.53% in 2014. The study findings showed that with the implementation of the plan on participants, the test rate increased by 39.1%. The indices of identification of high-risk individuals based on medical histories, identification of abnormal Pap smears, and participation continuity in the program were 54.84, 33.73%, respectively and 1.32% in 2015, which decreased to < 1% in 2016. The compliance rate with the guidelines was 64.94%, and the performance recording index was 22.40%. Conclusions: Due to the low coverage rate and other performance indicators, especially the low continuity index, the attention of policy-makers and program managers should be drawn to potential shortcomings of screening programs, such as active implementation, in order to promote women’s health status.
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Song L, Lyu Y, Ding L, Li X, Gao W, Wang M, Hao M, Wang Z, Wang J. Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection in Women with Abnormal Cervical Cytology: A Population-Based Study in Shanxi Province, China. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:12583-12591. [PMID: 33324103 PMCID: PMC7733379 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s269050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is widely known as the major cause of cervical cancer and there are notable differences in HR-HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in different populations. Women with abnormal cervical cytology are at increased risk of cervical cancer; however, the genotype distribution of HR-HPV in women with abnormal cervical cytology remains unclear. METHODS A total of 2,300 women with abnormal cervical cytology (from 39,988 women completing a baseline survey in a cohort established during June 2014 to December 2014) were enrolled in this study. All participants gave informed consent and completed a questionnaire about characteristics related to HPV infection. HPV genotypes were identified using flow-through hybridization, and cytology was assessed by the ThinPrep cytological test. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 for Windows. RESULTS The overall prevalence of HR-HPV in the 2,300 women with abnormal cervical cytology was 32%, with single and multiple HR-HPV infections making up 70.2% and 29.8%, respectively. The top-five HR-HPV genotypes were HPV16 (13.5%), HPV58 (5.7%), HPV52 (4.9%), HPV53 (2.5%), and HPV51 (2.3%). The prevalence of HR-HPV in atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or higher was 30.8%, 36.5%, and 54.9%, respectively, showing an increasing trend with severity of cervical cytology (χ 2 trend=13.952, p<0.001). The prevalence of HPV16 and HPV33 increased significantly with the degree of cytological abnormality. HR-HPV infection risk was statistically higher in women aged 35-45 years, with low education, infrequent bathing, multiple gravidity, multiple parity, history of gynecological diseases, and premenopause. CONCLUSION HR-HPV infection in women with abnormal cervical cytology was 32%, and the top-five HR-HPV genotypes were HPV16, HPV58, HPV52, HPV53, and HPV51 in Shanxi Province, China. These results shed light on demographic and behavioral characteristics related to HR-HPV infection in women with abnormal cervical cytology and provide an insight for the development of HPV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanjing Lyu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhilian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jintao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
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Mohammadpour F, Mansouri A, Hadjibabaie M. Utilization Evaluation of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine (GARDASIL®) in Iran; A Cross-Sectional Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 19:68-76. [PMID: 32922470 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.1100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination against HPV seems to be a good approach for prevention of cervical cancer and genital warts. But in Iran we are confronted with lack of evidence for its cost-effectiveness whereas its consumption is dramatically increasing. This was a cross- sectional study. We used a questionnaire including 5 sections as follows; Patients demographic information, Patients medical history, Pregnancy and lactation considerations, Gardasil prescription characteristics and HPV infection characteristics. Prescriber with adherence to guideline were defined as those prescribing Gardasil for correct age range and indication with accurate dosage and administration. Descriptive statistics for variables was shown by frequency (percent) or mean (± SD) and evaluation of relation between categorical variables was performed by using Chi-square test. Total 566 Gardasil recipients participated in the study. There were mostly female with mean age of 28.1 (± 6.68). For 128 (22.6%) participants Gardasil prescribed correctly considering both age range (9-26 years) and indication (prophylactic). From this group, 80 participants (14.1%/566) have received accurate Gardasil dosage and interval (prescriber had adherence to guideline). Patients' out of pocket payment in guidelines adherent prescriptions was a seventh of total costs obtained from 566 consumers. Gynecologists significantly prescribed for prophylaxis higher than other specialties (p-value = 0.01). Prescribers' practice in administrating Gardasil is obviously not appropriate and it is imposing burdensome cost to community and government. On the other hand, we have encountered with increasing rate of its use in Iran in past years. Therefore, we are in urgent need for appropriate interventions in national level and prompt supervision to regulate Gardasil consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Mohammadpour
- Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ava Mansouri
- Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Molouk Hadjibabaie
- Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zare E, Roozbeh N, Akbari PA, Teshnizi SH, Ghazanfarpour M, Abdi F. HPV and its high-risk genotypes in Middle Eastern countries: a meta-analysis. Future Virol 2020. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2019-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer. Determining the geographic distribution of HPV genotypes is a major step in the implementation of cervical cancer screening. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HPV and its high-risk genotypes in Middle Eastern countries. Materials & methods: MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and ProQuest were searched from 2005 to 2018. The quality of the studies was determined by Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Fixed/random effects models were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence. Results: The pooled prevalence of HPV was 12.3 and 5.2%. The prevalence of HPV in Africa (22%) was higher than that in Eurasia (8.3%) and Asia (12.6%). The prevalence of HPV was 14.4, 8.3, 22 and 10.2% in Iran, Turkey, Egypt and Arab countries, respectively. The prevalence of high-risk-HPV in the above-mentioned countries was 6.5, 6.2, 6.5 and 3.7%. Conclusion: Prevalence of HPV was increased in the Middle East. This highlights the need for public education, screening and vaccination programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Zare
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Roozbeh
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan Universiy of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Pouran Akhavan Akbari
- Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Abdi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center,Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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Karbalaie Niya MH, Mobini Kesheh M, Keshtmand G, Basi A, Rezvani H, Imanzade F, Panahi M, Rakhshani N. Integration rates of human papilloma virus genome in a molecular survey on cervical specimens among Iranian patients. Eur J Cancer Prev 2020; 28:537-543. [PMID: 30444753 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The human papilloma virus (HPV) as a major causative agent of different cancers is under investigation globally. In this study, we aim to investigate HPV infection in different cytological and pathological stages by different molecular methods, and then the viral genome integration of HPV-16 and -18 is determined by a specific real-time PCR method. The study included women who underwent liquid-based cytology. HPV PCR was conducted by MY09/11 universal primers, HPV genotyping was performed by INNO-LiPA HPV genotyping assay, and the viral genome status was defined by two real-time PCR assays. The statistics were calculated by SPSS v.22 software. In 1668 women included in the study with mean age±std. deviation of 35.6±0.7, HPV was detected in 632 (38%) participants. Following genotyping analyses, 16 HPV types and 713 strains were detected. HPV-16 and HPV-18 from high-risk types and HPV-6 and HPV-11 from low-risk types were the dominant types. We found HPV-16 strains in mixed form (58.8%), and of the HPV-18 strains, the episomal form was prevalent (92.9%). The statistics revealed significant presence of HPV-6 and within normal limits cases; HPV-16 and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance; HPV-33 as well as HPV-39 and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; HPV-6 and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance; and HPV-35 as well as HPV-56 and squamous cell carcinoma. Our study showed high prevalence of HPV in low-grade cervical lesions, although it is associated with higher grades. The HPV molecular testing extra to cytology is recommended. HPV-16 and HPV-18 have different programs in genome integration in infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ali Basi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Farid Imanzade
- Pediatrics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Obeid DA, Almatrrouk SA, Alfageeh MB, Al-Ahdal MNA, Alhamlan FS. Human papillomavirus epidemiology in populations with normal or abnormal cervical cytology or cervical cancer in the Middle East and North Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:1304-1313. [PMID: 32564935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most common sexually transmitted viral infections worldwide, is the leading cause of cervical cancer. In Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region HPV data is at scarce, and most of the countries haven't implemented any vaccination programs. This present meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to describe human papillomavirus (HPV) epidemiology by clinical subgroups in the (MENA) region. METHODS Studies assessing HPV prevalence rates were systematically reviewed, and the selected articles were reported following the PRISMA guideline. Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regression were used to estimate HPV pooled mean prevalence rates and their association with other factors. RESULTS For the cervical cancer population in the MENA region, the pooled HPV prevalence rate was 81% (95% CI, 70%-90%). HPV detected in cervical cancer samples was most prevalent in the Maghreb countries (88%; 95% CI, 78%-96%) and least prevalent in Iran (73%; 95% CI, 62%-83%).For the subgroup with abnormal-cervical cytology in the MENA region, the pooled HPV prevalence rate was 54% (95% CI, 41%-67%), with the highest prevalence reported in Northeast Africa (94%; 95% CI, 91%-96%), and the lowest prevalence in the Levant region (31%; 95 CI, 16%-49%). In the general population subgroup in the MENA region, the pooled HPV prevalence rate was 16% (95% CI, 14%-17%), HPV was most prevalent in the Northeast Africa region (21%; 95 CI, 7%-40%) and least prevalent in the Levant region (7%; 95 CI, 2%-14%). CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis comprehensively described the current HPV prevalence rates in the MENA region and found that the rates have continued to increase with time, especially in African regions. Designing personalized awareness and vaccination programs that respect the various cultural and religious values remains the main challenge in prevention of cervical cancer in the MENA region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia A Obeid
- Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaihana A Almatrrouk
- Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed B Alfageeh
- Infectious Diseases Program, National Center for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N A Al-Ahdal
- Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah S Alhamlan
- Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Karani LW, Musyoki S, Orina R, Nyamache AK, Khayeka-Wandabwa C, Nyagaka B. Human papillomavirus genotype profiles and cytological grades interlinkages in coinfection with HIV. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 35:67. [PMID: 32537071 PMCID: PMC7250203 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.35.67.21539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study aimed to examine and characterize human papilloma virus (HPV) cytological grade trends and genotypes among HPV/HIV co-infected/cases and HPV monoinfected/control women attending Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya. Methods HIV positive co-infected with HPV (HPV/HIV) and HIV negative women monoinfected with HPV profiled as co-infected/cases and monoinfected/control arms respectively were enrolled. HPV subtypes were assayed by Xpert® HPV system (GXHPV-CE-10) alongside pathological cytology analysis of cervical tissue samples. Results Low grade intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) was the most predominant cytological grade across cases and controls with a prevalence of 32 (38.1%) while high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) was highest among HPV/HIV co-infected with a prevalence of 23 (27.38%). Among the monoinfected (controls) the predominant lesion was low grade intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) with a prevalence of 23 (27.38%). HPV type 16 had the highest prevalence 26 (30.8%) among the VIA positive women in the overall study participants followed by combinations of HPV types (16, 18/45) at 19 (22.6%). Conclusion High risk HPV types 16 and 18/45 were the most predominant in the established cytological grades and among the co-infected women. Routine screening using both cytological and HPV testing should be embraced and/or reinforced as early screening and preventive strategies in the covered geographical region population. Provision of the currently available vaccines to these women at an early age would provide effective protection since the HPV type profiles in this population are covered by such vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Orina
- School of Health Science, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
| | | | - Christopher Khayeka-Wandabwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (SPST), Health Science Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Benuel Nyagaka
- School of Health Science, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
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Samiee Rad F, Ghaebi M, Zarabadipour S, Bajelan A, Pashazade F, Kalhor M, Barikani A. Comparison of Diagnostic Methods in Detection of Squamous Cell Abnormalities in Iranian Women with Abnormal Pap's Smear Test and Associated Demographic and Issues. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 15:106-116. [PMID: 32215026 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.114626.2248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background & Objective Premalignant lesions of cervix have increased dramatically in recent years. Early diagnosis and management of abnormalities have an effective role in preventing the invasion of the disease and also in timely treatment. This study aimed to compare diagnostic methods in the detection of squamous cell abnormalities with abnormal Pap smear test. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 1000 women with abnormal Pap smears in 2007-2018. Sampling was performed with simple method. All samples were subjected to an immediate assessment of colposcopy and histopathology if suspected. The checklist included demographic information as well as symptoms, cytopathology, colposcopy and histopathology findings. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and statistical analysis (P<0.05). Results A significant relationship between histopathology and Pap smear findings was found (P=0.009), also there was a significant correlation between histopathology and colposcopy findings (P=0.001). However, there was no significant relationship between clinical symptoms and histopathology findings (p=0.8). Sensitivity , specificity , positive and negative predictive value of Pap smear were 43%, 65.9%, 75.4%, 32.2% and of colposcopy were 74.7%, 39.5%, 75%, 39.1%, and of clinical symptoms were 72.6%, 28.1%, 71.1%, 29.7%, respectively. Conclusion Pap smear findings have the appropriate diagnostic accuracy in comparison with colposcopy and histopathology findings for screening and diagnosis of squamous intra-epithelial lesions. Also, there was higher sensitivity of colposcopy compared with Pap smear to detect cervical lesions. Therefore, it is advisable to use these methods simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Samiee Rad
- Department of Pathology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghaebi
- General Physician, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Mehri Kalhor
- Department of Reproductive Health, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amane Barikani
- Department of Epidemiology, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Farahmand M, Shoja Z, Arashkia A, Salavatiha Z, Jalilvand S. Systematic review and meta-analysis of human papillomavirus prevalence and types among women with normal cervical cytology in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Future Virol 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2018-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To predict the impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO), knowing the prevalence and type distribution of HPV are mandatory. Methods: This study investigated 26,536 women with normal cervical cytology based on the data available from 13 countries of EMRO. Results: The HPV prevalence estimated to be 9.3% (CI = 7.1–12.0). The five most frequent HPV types were HPV 16 (2.3%), 18 (0.7%), 6 (0.7%), 11 (0.6%) and 31 (0.5%). The prevalence of multiple infections of HPV was observed in 1.6% of all cases. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis provides a comprehensive summary of HPV type distribution in normal cervical cytology in EMRO region to estimate and predict the impact of HPV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zabihollah Shoja
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Arashkia
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salavatiha
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Shoja Z, Farahmand M, Hosseini N, Jalilvand S. A Meta-Analysis on Human Papillomavirus Type Distribution among Women with Cervical Neoplasia in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. Intervirology 2019; 62:101-111. [PMID: 31527382 DOI: 10.1159/000502824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has not been integrated into the national vaccination program of most countries of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO), except for the United Arab Emirates and Libya. The knowledge of HPV genotype distribution in cervical neoplasia is valuable to predict the impact of current HPV vaccines on cancer prevention and can help the health policymakers to select the most appropriate vaccine types in their countries. METHODS Hence, this meta-analysis recapitulates all available data on HPV prevalence and genotypes in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I-III or low- and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL and HSIL, respectively), and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) in EMRO countries. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 5,990 cases of cervical precancer and cancer. The overall HPV prevalence was 85.4, 71.3, 59.2, and 34.8% in women with ICC, CIN II-III or HSIL, CIN I or LSIL, and ASCUS, respectively. HPV 16 was the most common genotype followed by HPV 18, representing 58 and 16.5% in ICC cases, respectively. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis showed that the introduction of current HPV vaccines into national vaccination programs and the establishment of comprehensive screening programs in EMRO countries is beneficial by preventing 74.5% of cervical neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Hosseini
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
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Mobini Kesheh M, Keyvani H. The Prevalence of HPV Genotypes in Iranian Population: An Update. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 14:197-205. [PMID: 31582996 PMCID: PMC6742734 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2019.90356.1861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of genital warts and some anogenital cancers in male and female subjects which is commonly transmitted by sexual contacts. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the prevalence of HPV genotypes in 10,266 Iranian male and female population, according to their age. Methods: Samples were collected from the penile and anal sites of male subjects and the vagina and cervix of female subjects in a time period between 2011 and 2016. HPV DNA was detected in PCR using the MY09 and MY11 primers, and the INNO-LiPA assay was applied for HPV genotyping. To investigate the relevance of HPV infection and age, the samples were classified into 4 age groups (13-29, 30-44, 45-59, and 60-74). Results: Totally, the most common low risk HPV genotypes detected in the studied male and female subjects were HPV-6 (77.7% and 43.3%) and HPV-11 (13.7% and 11.4%), and more frequent high risk HPV genotypes were HPV-16 (5.5% and 16.6%) and HPV-52 (3.2% and 9.6%), respectively. High burden of the HPV infection was observed at ranges of 30 and 44 years (51.8%) with a peak at ranges between 30 and 32 years. No considerable statistically significant correlation was found between HPV infection and age (P=1). Conclusion: This study gave an epidemiological overview of circulating HPV genotypes in Iranian population to develop future vaccination policies, though the findings of prevalent HPV genotypes in female subjects were inconsistent with the previous studies reported in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mobini Kesheh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Momenimovahed Z, Salehiniya H. Cervical cancer in Iran: integrative insights of epidemiological analysis. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2018; 8:18. [PMID: 30141405 PMCID: PMC6108227 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2018080318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is a common cancer among women around the world. Due to the geographical differences in incidence, mortality and risk factors of cervical cancer, it is necessary to conduct different studies in different countries. This review study is aimed to investigate the most important aspects of cervical cancer in Iran. Methods: Reviewing papers without time limitation was conducted with the keywords cervical cancer, Cervix uteri cancer and Iran in their title or abstract. The databases of Medline, IranMedex, SID, ScienceDirect, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched. The title and abstract of the papers were reviewed, in all, 51 full papers were reviewed. Results: Based on published studies, the incidence of cervical cancer varies between different areas of Iran. The findings of this study demonstrated that there is a relationship between marital status, marriage age, and age of first pregnancy, smoking, and consumption of oral contraceptive pills, multiple sexual partners, family history, multiparty, and cervical cancer. Conclusion: The results of this review showed that the incidence of cervical cancer in Iran is low; however, the risk factors associated with this cancer are not few, which could lead to the increase in the incidence of cervical cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rahimkhani M, Mordadi A, Gilanpour M. Detection of urinary Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium and human papilloma virus in the first trimester of pregnancy by PCR method. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2018; 17:25. [PMID: 29866110 PMCID: PMC5985560 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-018-0276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miscarriage and preterm delivery are the most important challenges of pregnancy. Different bacterial and viral infection may cause miscarriage and preterm delivery. Among bacterial factors, Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis have the most important role and human papilloma virus (HPV) is the leading viral factor in this regard. METHODS First void urine samples were collected from 119 pregnant women who visited health centers for routine first-trimester screening (12-14 weeks gestation). About 10 ml of the sample was centrifuged at 3000×g for 20 min and 1-2 ml of the sediment was transferred to sterile microfuges and stored at - 20 °C until analysis. DNA extraction was conducted using A101211 kits imported by Pars Tous Biotechnology Company. The following commercial kits, imported by Pars Tous Biotechnology, were used for PCR. RESULTS There is no significant association between urinary isolation of C. trachomatis and miscarriage (P = 0.93) and there is no significant association between urinary isolation of M. genitalium and miscarriage (P = 0.80). Regarding HPV, since all urine samples were PCR-negative, comparison was not possible. C. trachomatis was isolated from the urine samples of 6.72% of the pregnant women who underwent first-trimester screening in health centers using PCR. Previous studies reported a mean chlamydia isolation rate of 3% from urine specimens collected from pregnant women in general. T test showed no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.10). Based on present study the mycoplasma isolation rate was 17.65% using PCR. Previous studies reported a mean mycoplasma isolation rate of 10% from urine specimens collected from pregnant women in general. T-test showed a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.03). DISCUSSION First void urine samples in pregnant women may be an appropriate sample for detection of C. trachomatis and M. genitalium; however, it is not a good method for HPV isolation therefore vaginal or cervical discharge specimens should be used instead for detection of HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Rahimkhani
- Department of Lab Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - A Mordadi
- Department of Epidemiology, Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran
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Yaghoubi M, Nojomi M, Vaezi A, Erfani V, Mahmoudi S, Ezoji K, Zahraei SM, Chaudhri I, Moradi-Lakeh M. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Introduction of HPV Vaccination of 9-Year-Old-Girls in Iran. Value Health Reg Issues 2018; 15:112-119. [PMID: 29698864 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the cost effectiveness of introducing the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine into the national immunization program of Iran. METHODS The CERVIVAC cost-effectiveness model was used to calculate incremental cost per averted disability-adjusted life-year by vaccination compared with no vaccination from both governmental and societal perspectives. Calculations were based on epidemiologic parameters from the Iran National Cancer Registry and other national data sources as well as from literature review. We estimated all direct and indirect costs of cervical cancer treatment and vaccination program. All future costs and benefits were discounted at 3% per year and deterministic sensitivity analysis was used. RESULTS During a 10-year period, HPV vaccination was estimated to avert 182 cervical cancer cases and 20 deaths at a total vaccination cost of US $23,459,897; total health service cost prevented because of HPV vaccination was estimated to be US $378,646 and US $691,741 from the governmental and societal perspective, respectively. Incremental cost per disability-adjusted life-year averted within 10 years was estimated to be US $15,205 and US $14,999 from the governmental and societal perspective, respectively, and both are higher than 3 times the gross domestic product per capita of Iran (US $14,289). Sensitivity analysis showed variation in vaccine price, and the number of doses has the greatest volatility on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Using a two-dose vaccination program could be cost-effective from the societal perspective (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio = US $11,849). CONCLUSIONS Introducing a three-dose HPV vaccination program is currently not cost-effective in Iran. Because vaccine supplies cost is the most important parameter in this evaluation, considering a two-dose schedule or reducing vaccine prices has an impact on final conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Yaghoubi
- School of public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Community Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Nojomi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Vaezi
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vida Erfani
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan Mahmoudi
- Center for Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Ezoji
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Zahraei
- Center for Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Irtaza Chaudhri
- Regional Office for Eastern Mediterranean, World health Organization, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maziar Moradi-Lakeh
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Heydari N, Oskouee MA, Vaezi T, Shoja Z, Esmaeili HA, Hamkar R, Shahmahmoodi S, Jalilvand S. Type-specific human papillomavirus prevalence in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer in Iran. J Med Virol 2017; 90:172-176. [PMID: 28786495 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In Iran, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is not currently included in the national vaccination program and there are no comprehensive approaches to cervical screening program. Regional data on distribution of HPV types in women is important to predict the impact of current HPV vaccines. Although several studies on distribution of HPV types in cervical precancer and cancer have been conducted in Iran, in most of them HPV positive samples were subjected to specific-primer genotyping (mainly 16 and 18), and leaving the other HPV genotypes almost undetermined. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the distribution of HPV types in cervical neoplasia from West and Northwest of Iran. A total of 112 women with atypia, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and invasive cervical cancer were included. A PCR assay was performed in all samples to detect the presence of the HPV genome using the GP5+/6+ L1 consensus primer set. All HPV positive samples were subjected for sequencing. In overall, HPV prevalence was 20% in atypica, 44.5% in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I, 92.3% in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II-III, and 98.2% in invasive cervical cancer. The most frequent HPV type was HPV 16 (79.2%), which was followed by HPV types 18, 6, and 33 at the frequencies of 6.5%, 5.1%, and 2.7%, respectively. The least HPV types were found to be 31, 45, 53, 58, and 66. In conclusion, this study shows that the current HPV vaccines could have great impact to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Heydari
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahin A Oskouee
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Vaezi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Heidar A Esmaeili
- Department of Pathobiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rasool Hamkar
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Shahmahmoodi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Vaezi T, Shoja Z, Hamkar R, Shahmahmoodi S, Nozarian Z, Marashi SM, Jalilvand S. Human papillomavirus type 16 lineage analysis based on E6 region in cervical samples of Iranian women. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 55:26-30. [PMID: 28847737 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It is suggested that distinct HPV 16 variants differ in oncogenic potential and geographic distribution. As such, understanding the regional variants of HPV 16 would be of great importance for evolutionary, epidemiological and biological analysis. In this regard, the sequence variations of E6 gene were investigated to characterize more common variants of HPV 16 in normal cells, premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. In total, 106 isolates of HPV 16 were analyzed by PCR and sequencing. Overall, two different lineages (A and D) were identified. Lineage D comprised 70.7% of samples and the remaining 29.3% belonged to lineage A. Regarding to cytology/histology, lineage D was dominant in both normal+CIN I-II and CIN III+ICC groups as it was detected in 80% and 66.2% of cases, respectively. The comparison of the lineages between different groups (35 normal+CIN I-II samples and 71 CIN III+ICC samples) revealed that lineage A is more prevalent in cervical cancer cases (7 (20%) vs. 24 (33.8%)) although the difference observed did not reach statistical significance (p=0.07). In conclusion, our findings confirm that HPV lineages A and D are more prevalent in Iran, with the lineage D as the most dominant in all studied groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Vaezi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Rasool Hamkar
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Shahmahmoodi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Nozarian
- Department of Pathology, Farabi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Mahdi Marashi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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The Frequency and Typing of Human Papilloma Virus Among Women with Normal and Abnormal Cytology in Southern Khorasan, Eastern Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.43213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Sabeena S, Bhat P, Kamath V, Mathew M, Aswathyraj S, Devadiga S, Prabhu S, Hindol M, Chameetachal A, Krishnan A, Arunkumar G. Detection of Genital HPV Infection Using Urine Samples: a Population Based Study in India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 17:1083-8. [PMID: 27039728 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the second commonest cancer among Indian women and its association with human papilloma virus (HPV) is well established. This preventable cancer accounts for the maximum number of cancer related deaths among rural Indian women. Unlike in developed countries there are no organized cervical cancer screening programmes in India due to lack of resources and manpower. OBJECTIVE To detect genital HPV infection using urine samples among asymptomatic rural women in the age group of 18-65 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study area chosen was Perdoor village in Udupi Taluk, Karnataka State and all the women in the age group of 18-65 years formed the study cohort. A cross sectional study was conducted by house visits and 1,305 women were enrolled in the study. After taking written informed consent a data sheet was filled and early stream random urine samples were collected, transported to a laboratory at 4OC and aliquoted. Samples were tested using nested HPV PCR with PGMY09/11 and GP5+/6+ primers. Positive cases were genotyped by sequence analysis. RESULTS Study participants included 1,134 sexually active and 171 unmarried women with a mean age at marriage of 22.1 (SD=3.9) years. Study area showed high female literacy rate of 86.6%. Five urine samples tested positive for HPV DNA (0.4%). CONCLUSIONS We found very low genital HPV infection rate among women from monogamous community. This is the first major population based study carried out among asymptomatic rural women to detect genital HPV infectio from Karnataka using urine samples.
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Gender and age-specific seroprevalence of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 in general population in Tehran, Iran. Med Microbiol Immunol 2016; 206:105-110. [PMID: 27858157 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-016-0487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of the gender and age-specific seroprevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) is essential for planning of HPV vaccine implementation into the preventive programs. In this study, we aimed to determine the age-specific seroprevalence of HPV-16 and 18 in both males and females in Tehran, Iran. Three hundred and seventy-eight women (10-35 years) and 162 men (10-25 years) from Tehran, Iran, were enrolled. Anti-HPV IgG antibodies against HPV-16 and HPV-18 were detected by ELISA using papillomavirus type 16 and 18 L1-capsids as antigen. HPV-16 antibody was detected in 15.6 and 13.6% of women and men, respectively. Antibody against HPV-18 was found positive in 12.7 and 8% of women and men, respectively. The highest seroprevalence of HPV-16 and 18 were seen in women aged 26-30 years (22.2 and 19.4%, respectively), and the lowest HPV-16 and 18 seropositivity rates were seen in males and females aged 10-15 years (9.3 and 1.9%, respectively). In our cohort of study, in males, both anti-HPV-16 and 18 increased after age 15 years, peaking in men aged 21-25 years. In women, both HPV-16 and 18 seropositivity increased after 15 years, declined at 21-25 years, peaked in women aged 26-30 years and again decreased after 30 years. Our data showed increasing exposure rate to high-risk HPV vaccine types in our studied population over 15 years of age. In order to prevent the HPV-related cancers, implementation of HPV vaccine into the national immunization program in Iran and vaccination of females and males less than 15 years of age are suggested.
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Seroepidemiological Evaluation of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Types Among Married and Unmarried Iranian Women in Tehran, Iran. ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2016. [DOI: 10.5812/pedinfect.37766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Hajmohammadi S, Rassi H. Cloning and Expression of L1 Protein Human Papillomavirus Type 31 Isolated from Iranian Patients in Escherichia coli. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2016; 35:181-5. [PMID: 27244269 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2015.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV), a major pathogen of human cervical cancer, contains a full-length L1 gene encoding its surface capsid protein. One group of potential vaccine candidates against this virus in Iranian patients is based on surface protein components such as HPV31 L1 protein that can make virus-like particles (VLPs). The high immunity response stimulation of this effecter VLP was observed in host, suggesting that the individual characteristics of a particular effecter may require empirical testing for vaccination. In the present study, we decided to clone and express HPV31 L1 protein to investigate its use as a subunit vaccine and furthermore to insert the gene into an Escherichia coli background so as to analyze production of this recombinant protein. We report the presentation of HPV31 in 100 cervical lesion tissue samples based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Type of lesion, age, and other characteristics were reviewed and confirmed by a pathologist. The sequence from L1 genes of HPV was selected using special primers. The gene encoding the major capsid protein L1 was used for subcloning in pTG19-T and pET-32a plasmid. The recombinant protein expression was confirmed by RT-PCR using L1 primers and detected by absorption sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblot testing. The results presented here offer new insights into the in vivo response of HPV31 in Iranian patients and European models. On the other hand, the use of recombinant L1 protein for Iranian patient protection as well as vaccination studies will permit testing of this antigen protection rate and open the way to the discovery of protein biomarkers for monitoring clinical and subclinical cervical cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Hajmohammadi
- 1 Department of Biology, College of Basic Science, Damgan Branch, Islamic Azad University , Semnan, Iran
| | - Hossein Rassi
- 2 Department of Biology, College of Basic Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University , Alborz, Iran
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Jalal Kiani S, Shatizadeh Malekshahi S, Yousefi Ghalejoogh Z, Ghavvami N, Shafiei Jandaghi NZ, Shahsiah R, Jahanzad I, Yavarian J. Detection and Typing of Human Papilloma Viruses by Nested Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay in Cervical Cancer. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2015; 8:e26441. [PMID: 26865940 PMCID: PMC4745380 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.26441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in under-developed countries. Human papilloma virus (HPV) 16 and 18 are the most prevalent types associated with carcinogenesis in the cervix. Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), type-specific and consensus primer-based PCR followed by sequencing, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) or hybridization by specific probes are common methods for HPV detection and typing. In addition, some researchers have developed a multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection and typing of different HPVs. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection and its types in cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) using the Nested Multiplex PCR (NMPCR) assay. Patients and Methods: Sixty-six samples with histologically confirmed SCC were evaluated. Total DNA was isolated by phenol–chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation. Nested multiplex PCR was performed with first-round PCR by GP-E6/E7 consensus primers for amplification of the genomic DNA of all known mucosal HPV genotypes and second-round PCR by type-specific multiplex PCR primer cocktails. Results: Human papilloma virus infection was detected in 78.8% of samples, with the highest prevalence of HPV 16 (60.6%) while concurrent infections with two types was detected in 10.6%. Conclusions: The NMPCR assay is more convenient and easy for analysis of results, which is important for fast diagnosis and patient management, in a type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Jalal Kiani
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | | | - Zohreh Yousefi Ghalejoogh
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Nastaran Ghavvami
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | | | - Reza Shahsiah
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Isa Jahanzad
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Jila Yavarian
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Jila Yavarian, Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-2188962343, E-mail:
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Krishnan K, Thomas A. Correlation of cervical cytology with high-risk HPV molecular diagnosis, genotypes, and histopathology-A four year study from the UAE. Diagn Cytopathol 2015; 44:91-7. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.23391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Krishnan
- Specialist Anatomic Pathology; Premier Diagnostic Center (Prime Healthcare Group); Dubai UAE
| | - Antony Thomas
- Specialist Pathologist and Laboratory Director; Premier Diagnostic Center (Prime Healthcare Group); Dubai UAE
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