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Najaftomaraei M, Ghorbani A, Rahimi A, Mohebbati R, Sherkat S, Shafei MN. The role of nitric oxide in the dorsomedial periaqueductal gray (dmPAG) column in cardiovascular responses in urethane-anesthetized male rats. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:557-564. [PMID: 36415083 PMCID: PMC9773306 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dorsomedial periaqueductal gray (dmPAG) is a mesencephalic area and has numerous functions including cardiovascular regulation. Because nitric oxide (NO) is present in the dmPAG, here we investigate, the probable cardiovascular effect of NO in the dmPAG. METHODS Five groups (n = 6 for each group) were used as follows: (1) control; (2) L-NAME (NG -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a NO synthase inhibitor, 90 nmol); (3) L-arginine (L-Arg, a precursor for NO, 60 nmol); (4) Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor, 27 nmol); and (5) L-Arg + L-NAME. The cardiovascular parameters were recorded by a Power Lab device after cannulation of the femoral artery. Drugs were injected using a stereotaxic instrument. The changes (∆) in systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) were calculated at different times and compared to the control group. RESULTS Microinjection of L-NAME significantly increased ∆SBP, ∆MAP, and ∆HR more than saline (from p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). L-Arg only significantly increased ∆HR (p < 0.05). In the L-Arg + L-NAME group, the above parameters also significantly increased (from p < 0.01 to p < 0.05) but not as significantly as with L-NAME alone. Microinjection of SNP significantly decreased ∆SBP and ∆MAP more than in the control and L-NAME groups (from p < 0.01 to p < 0.001), but ∆HR did not change significantly. CONCLUSION The results indicated that NO in dmPAG has an inhibitory effect on cardiovascular responses in anesthetized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Najaftomaraei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Atiyeh Ghorbani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Alireza Rahimi
- Material Science and Metallurgy EngineeringIslamic Azad University ‐ Karaj BranchKarajIran
| | - Reza Mohebbati
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineGonabad University of Medical SciencesGonabadIran,Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Sogol Sherkat
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
| | - Mohammad Naser Shafei
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran,Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Yin D, Dong H, Wang TX, Hu ZZ, Cheng NN, Qu WM, Huang ZL. Glutamate Activates the Histaminergic Tuberomammillary Nucleus and Increases Wakefulness in Rats. Neuroscience 2019; 413:86-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Wang W, Zou Z, Tan X, Zhang RW, Ren CZ, Yao XY, Li CB, Wang WZ, Shi XY. Enhancement in Tonically Active Glutamatergic Inputs to the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Contributes to Neuropathic Pain-Induced High Blood Pressure. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:4174010. [PMID: 29158920 PMCID: PMC5660794 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4174010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases including hypertension with the characteristic of sympathetic overactivity. The enhanced tonically active glutamatergic input to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) contributes to sympathetic overactivity and blood pressure (BP) in cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesize that neuropathic pain enhances tonically active glutamatergic inputs to the RVLM, which contributes to high level of BP and sympathetic outflow. Animal model with the trigeminal neuropathic pain was induced by the infraorbital nerve-chronic constriction injury (ION-CCI). A significant increase in BP and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) was found in rats with ION-CCI (BP, n = 5, RSNA, n = 7, p < 0.05). The concentration of glutamate in the RVLM was significantly increased in the ION-CCI group (n = 4, p < 0.05). Blockade of glutamate receptors by injection of kynurenic acid into the RVLM significantly decreased BP and RSNA in the ION-CCI group (n = 5, p < 0.05). In two major sources (the paraventricular nucleus and periaqueductal gray) for glutamatergic inputs to the RVLM, the ION-CCI group (n = 5, p < 0.05) showed an increase in glutamate content and expression of glutaminase 2, vesicular glutamate transporter 2 proteins, and c-fos. Our results suggest that enhancement in tonically active glutamatergic inputs to the RVLM contributes to neuropathic pain-induced high blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zui Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xing Tan
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ru-Wen Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chang-Zhen Ren
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xue-Ya Yao
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province 075000, China
| | - Cheng-Bao Li
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province 075000, China
| | - Wei-Zhong Wang
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xue-Yin Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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Ruiz-Salinas I, Rocha L, Marichal-Cancino BA, Villalón CM. Cardiovascular Alterations during the Interictal Period in Awake and Pithed Amygdala-Kindled Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 119:165-72. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inna Ruiz-Salinas
- Department of Pharmacobiology; Cinvestav-Coapa; Tlalpan Mexico City Mexico
| | - Luisa Rocha
- Department of Pharmacobiology; Cinvestav-Coapa; Tlalpan Mexico City Mexico
| | | | - Carlos M. Villalón
- Department of Pharmacobiology; Cinvestav-Coapa; Tlalpan Mexico City Mexico
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Brognara F, Dias DPM, Castania JA, Fazan R, Lewis SJ, Salgado HC. Cardiovascular responses elicited by continuous versus intermittent electrical stimulation of the aortic depressor nerve in conscious rats. Life Sci 2016; 148:99-105. [PMID: 26876918 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Short-term (seconds or minutes) continuous electrical activation of the aortic depressor nerve (ADN) in conscious rats has been successfully used to investigate baroafferent function in experimental hypertension, heart failure, and peripheral inflammation. The aim of this study was to characterize the hemodynamic responses elicited by longer periods (60min) of continuous or intermittent electrical baroreflex activation. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were implanted with an electrode around the left ADN and a catheter into a femoral artery. The systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded in subjects randomly assigned to continuous or intermittent electrical stimulation. The time-course of cardiovascular responses in conscious rats was examined during longer-term (60min) continuous (n=6) or intermittent (5s ON/3s OFF; n=10) electrical stimulation (0.5mA; 0.25ms; 30Hz) of the ADN. KEY FINDINGS The prompt (20s) hypotensive response was greater under continuous stimulation, but no difference was detected in the bradycardic response. The hypotensive response was sustained only by continuous stimulation while no sustained bradycardia was observed in either protocol. SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicate that continuous stimulation of the ADN is more effective in reducing arterial pressure over a longer period (60min) of stimulation. Nevertheless, both protocols - continuous or intermittent - were unable to elicit a sustained bradycardia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Brognara
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel P Martins Dias
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jaci A Castania
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Fazan
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Stephen J Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Helio C Salgado
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Pelosi GG, Busnardo C, Tavares RF, Corrêa FMA. Involvement of non-NMDA glutamate receptors of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in the cardiovascular response to the microinjection of noradrenaline into the dorsal periaqueductal gray area of rats. Brain Res 2015; 1602:96-105. [PMID: 25617821 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Garcia Pelosi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Busnardo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Fiacadori Tavares
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Morgan Aguiar Corrêa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-900 São Paulo, Brazil
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Rodrigues GM, Toffoli LV, Manfredo MH, Francis-Oliveira J, Silva AS, Raquel HA, Martins-Pinge MC, Moreira EG, Fernandes KB, Pelosi GG, Gomes MV. Acute stress affects the global DNA methylation profile in rat brain: modulation by physical exercise. Behav Brain Res 2014; 279:123-8. [PMID: 25449846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The vulnerability of epigenetic marks of brain cells to environmental stimuli and its implication for health have been recently debated. Thus, we used the rat model of acute restraint stress (ARS) to evaluate the impact of stress on the global DNA methylation and on the expression of the Dnmt1 and Bdnf genes of hippocampus, cortex, hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray (PAG). Furthermore, we verified the potential of physical exercise to modulate epigenetic responses evoked by ARS. Sedentary male Wistar rats were submitted to ARS at the 75th postnatal day (PND), whereas animals from a physically active group were previously submitted to swimming sessions (35-74th PND) and to ARS at the 75th PND. Global DNA methylation profile was quantified using an ELISA-based method and the quantitative expression of the Dnmt1 and Bdnf genes was evaluated by real-time PCR. ARS induced a decrease in global DNA methylation in hippocampus, cortex and PAG of sedentary animals and an increased expression of Bdnf in PAG. No change in DNA methylation was associated with ARS in the exercised animals, although it was associated with abnormal expression of Dnmt1 and Bdnf in cortex, hypothalamus and PAG. Our data reveal that ARS evokes adaptive changes in global DNA methylation of rat brain that are independent of the expression of the Dnmt1 gene but might be linked to abnormal expression of the Bdnf gene in the PAG. Furthermore, our evidence indicates that physical exercise has the potential to modulate changes in DNA methylation and gene expression consequent to ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Andrey S Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marcus V Gomes
- Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Londrina, Brazil.
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Zaitsev AV, Kim KK, Vasilev DS, Lukomskaya NY, Lavrentyeva VV, Tumanova NL, Zhuravin IA, Magazanik LG. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel blockers prevent pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions and morphological changes in rat brain neurons. J Neurosci Res 2014; 93:454-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey V. Zaitsev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Kira Kh. Kim
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Dmitry S. Vasilev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Nera Ya. Lukomskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Valeria V. Lavrentyeva
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Natalia L. Tumanova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Igor A. Zhuravin
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Lev G. Magazanik
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University; Saint Petersburg Russia
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Mueller SG, Bateman LM, Laxer KD. Evidence for brainstem network disruption in temporal lobe epilepsy and sudden unexplained death in epilepsy. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2014; 5:208-16. [PMID: 25068110 PMCID: PMC4110882 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The symptoms witnessed in unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP) suggest a breakdown of central autonomic control. Since the brainstem plays a crucial role in autonomic control, the objectives of this study were 1. To investigate if temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is associated with brainstem atrophy and to characterize it using graph Analysis 2. To compare the findings with those in two probable TLESUDEP. T1 images were obtained from 17 controls, 30 TLE (16 with mesial-temporal-sclerosis (TLE-MTS) and 14 without (TLE-no)) and from 2 patients who died of SUDEP. The brainstem was extracted, warped onto a brainstem atlas and Jacobian determinants maps (JDM) calculated. SPM8 was used to compare the JDMs at the group level, z-score maps were calculated for single subject analysis. Brainstem regions encompassing autonomic structures were identified based on macroscopic landmarks and mean z-scores from 5 × 5 × 5 voxel cubes extracted to calculate a new measure called atrophy-similarity index (ASI) for graph analysis. TLE-MTS had volume loss in the dorsal mesencephalon. The SUDEP cases had severe and more extensive volume loss in the same region. Nodal degrees and participation coefficients were decreased and local efficiency increased in SUDEP compared to controls. TLE is associated with volume loss in brainstem regions involved in autonomic control. Structural damage in these regions might increase the risk for a fatal dysregulation during situations with increased demand such as following severe seizures. Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) were studied. Two had died of Sudden Unexplained Death in Epilepsy (TLE-SUDEP)The brainstem was studied with deformation-based morphometry and graph analysis TLE has volume loss in the dorsal mesencephalon.TLE-SUDEP have more extensive brainstem damage and evidence for network breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne G Mueller
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VAMC, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lisa M Bateman
- Dept. of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth D Laxer
- Sutter Pacific Epilepsy Program, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
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