1
|
Gonzales G, Hoque J, Kaeo C, Zauscher S, Varghese S. Grafting of cationic molecules to hyaluronic acid improves adsorption and cartilage lubrication. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:4747-4758. [PMID: 39118400 PMCID: PMC11310657 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00532e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Synovial fluid lubricates articular joints by forming a hydrated layer between the cartilage surfaces. In degenerative joint diseases like osteoarthritis (OA), the synovial fluid is compromised, which leads to less effective innate lubrication and exacerbated cartilage degeneration. Studies over the years have led to the development of partially or fully synthetic biolubricants to reduce the coefficient of friction with cartilage in knee joints. Cartilage-adhering, hydrated lubricants are particularly important to provide cartilage lubrication and chondroprotection under high normal load and slow speed. Here, we report the development of a hyaluronic acid (HA)-based lubricant functionalized with cationic branched poly-L-lysine (BPL) molecules that bind to cartilage via electrostatic interactions. We surmised that the electrostatic interactions between the BPL-modified HA molecules (HA-BPL) and the cartilage facilitate localization of the HA molecules to the cartilage surface. The number of BPL molecules on the HA backbone was varied to determine the optimal grafting density for cartilage binding and HA localization. Collectively, our results show that our HA-BPL molecules adhered readily to cartilage and were effective as a lubricant in cartilage-on-cartilage shear measurements where the modified HA molecules significantly reduce the coefficient of friction compared to phosphate-buffered saline or HA alone. This proof-of-concept study shows how the incorporation of cartilage adhering moieties, such as cationic molecules, can be used to enhance cartilage binding and lubrication properties of HA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Gonzales
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jiaul Hoque
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Colin Kaeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Stefan Zauscher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Shyni Varghese
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Turczyńska K, Rahimi M, Charmi G, Pham DA, Murata H, Kozanecki M, Filipczak P, Ulański J, Diem T, Matyjaszewski K, Banquy X, Pietrasik J. Bottlebrush Polymers for Articular Joint Lubrication: Influence of Anchoring Group Chemistry on Lubrication Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:38550-38563. [PMID: 38980156 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The role of carboxylic, aldehyde, or epoxide groups incorporated into bottlebrush macromolecules as anchoring blocks (or cartilage-binding blocks) is investigated by measuring their lubricating properties and cartilage-binding effectiveness. Mica modified with amine groups is used to mimic the cartilage surface, while bottlebrush polymers functionalized with carboxylic, aldehyde, or epoxide groups played the role of the lubricant interacting with the cartilage surface. We demonstrate that bottlebrushes with anchoring blocks effectively reduce the friction coefficient on modified surfaces by 75-95% compared to unmodified mica. The most efficient polymer appears to be the one with epoxide groups, which can react spontaneously with amines at room temperature. In this case, the value of the friction coefficient is the lowest and equals 0.009 ± 0.001, representing a 95% reduction compared to measurements on nonmodified mica. These results show that the presence of the functional groups within the anchoring blocks has a significant influence on interactions between the bottlebrush polymer and cartilage surface. All synthesized bottlebrush polymers are also used in the preliminary lubrication tests carried out on animal cartilage surfaces. The developed materials are very promising for future in vivo studies to be used in osteoarthritis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Turczyńska
- Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mahdi Rahimi
- Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, H4J 1C5 Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gholamreza Charmi
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
| | - Duy Anh Pham
- Canada Research Chair in Bio-inspired Materials and Interfaces, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre Ville, Montréal Qc H3T1J4, QC, Canada
| | - Hironobu Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, 15213 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Marcin Kozanecki
- Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Filipczak
- Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Ulański
- Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Diem
- Collegium Civitas, Plac Defilad 1, 00-901 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, 15213 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Xavier Banquy
- Canada Research Chair in Bio-inspired Materials and Interfaces, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre Ville, Montréal Qc H3T1J4, QC, Canada
| | - Joanna Pietrasik
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
DeMoya CD, Joenathan A, Lawson TB, Felson DT, Schaer TP, Bais M, Albro MB, Mäkelä J, Snyder BD, Grinstaff MW. Advances in viscosupplementation and tribosupplementation for early-stage osteoarthritis therapy. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:432-451. [PMID: 38858605 PMCID: PMC11348290 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Joint kinematic instability, arising from congenital or acquired musculoskeletal pathoanatomy or from imbalances in anabolism and catabolism induced by pathophysiological factors, leads to deterioration of the composition, structure and function of cartilage and, ultimately, progression to osteoarthritis (OA). Alongside articular cartilage degeneration, synovial fluid lubricity decreases in OA owing to a reduction in the concentration and molecular weight of hyaluronic acid and surface-active mucinous glycoproteins that form a lubricating film over the articulating joint surfaces. Minimizing friction between articulating joint surfaces by lubrication is fundamental for decreasing hyaline cartilage wear and for maintaining the function of synovial joints. Augmentation with highly viscous supplements (that is, viscosupplementation) offers one approach to re-establishing the rheological and tribological properties of synovial fluid in OA. However, this approach has varied clinical outcomes owing to limited intra-articular residence time and ineffective mechanisms of chondroprotection. This Review discusses normal hyaline cartilage function and lubrication and examines the advantages and disadvantages of various strategies for restoring normal joint lubrication. These strategies include contemporary viscosupplements that contain antioxidants, anti-inflammatory drugs or platelet-rich plasma and new synthetic synovial fluid additives and cartilage matrix enhancers. Advanced biomimetic tribosupplements offer promise for mitigating cartilage wear, restoring joint function and, ultimately, improving patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian D DeMoya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anisha Joenathan
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taylor B Lawson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T Felson
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Thomas P Schaer
- PENN VET Institute for Medical Translation, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine New Bolton Center, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Manish Bais
- Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael B Albro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janne Mäkelä
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brian D Snyder
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Elkington RJ, Hall RM, Beadling AR, Pandit H, Bryant MG. Brushing Up on Cartilage Lubrication: Polyelectrolyte-Enhanced Tribological Rehydration. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:10648-10662. [PMID: 38712915 PMCID: PMC11112737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
This study presents new insights into the potential role of polyelectrolyte interfaces in regulating low friction and interstitial fluid pressurization of cartilage. Polymer brushes composed of hydrophilic 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt (SPMK) tethered to a PEEK substrate (SPMK-g-PEEK) are a compelling biomimetic solution for interfacing with cartilage, inspired by the natural lubricating biopolyelectrolyte constituents of synovial fluid. These SPMK-g-PEEK surfaces exhibit a hydrated compliant layer approximately 5 μm thick, demonstrating the ability to maintain low friction coefficients (μ ∼ 0.01) across a wide speed range (0.1-200 mm/s) under physiological loads (0.75-1.2 MPa). A novel polyelectrolyte-enhanced tribological rehydration mechanism is elucidated, capable of recovering up to ∼12% cartilage strain and subsequently facilitating cartilage interstitial fluid recovery, under loads ranging from 0.25 to 2.21 MPa. This is attributed to the combined effects of fluid confinement within the contact gap and the enhanced elastohydrodynamic behavior of polymer brushes. Contrary to conventional theories that emphasize interstitial fluid pressurization in regulating cartilage lubrication, this work demonstrates that SPMK-g-PEEK's frictional behavior with cartilage is independent of these factors and provides unabating aqueous lubrication. Polyelectrolyte-enhanced tribological rehydration can occur within a static contact area and operates independently of known mechanisms of cartilage interstitial fluid recovery established for converging or migrating cartilage contacts. These findings challenge existing paradigms, proposing a novel polyelectrolyte-cartilage tribological mechanism not exclusively reliant on interstitial fluid pressurization or cartilage contact geometry. The implications of this research extend to a broader understanding of synovial joint lubrication, offering insights into the development of joint replacement materials that more accurately replicate the natural functionality of cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Elkington
- Institute
of Functional Surfaces, Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, Yorkshire, U.K.
| | - Richard M. Hall
- School
of Engineering College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, West
Midlands, U.K.
| | - Andrew R. Beadling
- Institute
of Functional Surfaces, Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, Yorkshire, U.K.
| | - Hemant Pandit
- Leeds
Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds LS7 4SA, Yorkshire, U.K.
| | - Michael G. Bryant
- School
of Engineering College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, West
Midlands, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, Yuan Y, Zhang L, Xu C, Xu H, Chen Z. Reprogramming Macrophage Polarization, Depleting ROS by Astaxanthin and Thioketal-Containing Polymers Delivering Rapamycin for Osteoarthritis Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305363. [PMID: 38093659 PMCID: PMC10916582 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by synovitis and joint cartilage destruction. The severity of OA is highly associated with the imbalance between M1 and M2 synovial macrophages. In this study, a novel strategy is designed to modulate macrophage polarization by reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and regulating mitochondrial function. A ROS-responsive polymer is synthesized to self-assemble with astaxanthin and autophagy activator rapamycin to form nanoparticles (NP@PolyRHAPM ). In vitro experiments show that NP@PolyRHAPM significantly reduced intracellular ROS levels. Furthermore, NP@PolyRHAPM restored mitochondrial membrane potential, increased glutathione (GSH) levels, and promoted intracellular autophagy, hence successfully repolarizing M1 macrophages into the M2 phenotype. This repolarization enhanced chondrocyte proliferation and vitality while inhibiting apoptosis. In vivo experiments utilizing an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced OA mouse model revealed the anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protective effects of NP@PolyRHAPM , effectively mitigating OA progression. Consequently, the findings suggest that intra-articular delivery of ROS-responsive nanocarrier systems holds significant promise as a potential and effective therapeutic strategy for OA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Li
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of South ChinaHengyangHunan421001China
| | - Yusong Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalNo.2 Yinghuayuan East StreetBeijing100029China
| | - Lingpu Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceState Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing100190China
| | - Chun Xu
- School of DentistryThe University of QueenslandBrisbane4006Australia
| | - Hailin Xu
- Department of Trauma and OrthopedicsPeking University People's Hospital Diabetic Foot Treatment CenterPeking University People's Hospital11th XizhimenSouth StreetBeijing100044China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of South ChinaHengyangHunan421001China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cooper BG, DeMoya CD, Sikes KJ, Frisbie DD, Phillips N, Nelson BB, McIlwraith CW, Kawcak CE, Goodrich LR, Snyder BD, Grinstaff MW. A polymer network architecture provides superior cushioning and lubrication of soft tissue compared to a linear architecture. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7339-7345. [PMID: 37847186 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00753g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the relationships between linear vs. network polymer architecture and biomechanical outcomes including lubrication and cushioning when the polymers are applied to the surface of articulating knee cartilage. Aqueous formulations of the bioinspired polymer poly(2-methacryloyloxylethyl phosphorylcholine) (pMPC) exhibit tuneable rheological properties, with network pMPC exhibiting increased elasticity and viscosity compared to linear pMPC. Application of a polymer network, compared to a linear one, to articulating tissue surfaces reduces friction, lessens tissue strain, minimizes wear, and protects tissue - thereby improving overall tissue performance. Administration of the network pMPC to the middle carpal joint of skeletally mature horses elicits a safe response similar to saline as monitored over a 70 day period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies (CAOS), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Christian D DeMoya
- Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies (CAOS), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Katie J Sikes
- Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - David D Frisbie
- Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Nikki Phillips
- Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Brad B Nelson
- Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - C Wayne McIlwraith
- Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Chris E Kawcak
- Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Laurie R Goodrich
- Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Brian D Snyder
- Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies (CAOS), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Childrens Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Wagner ES, Yu D, Chen KJ, Keel TJ, Pownder SL, Koff MF, Cheetham J, Samaroo KJ, Reesink HL. Assessment of osteoarthritis functional outcomes and intra-articular injection volume in the rat anterior cruciate ligament transection model. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:2004-2014. [PMID: 34994469 PMCID: PMC9259760 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The rat surgical anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model is commonly used to investigate intra-articular osteoarthritis (OA) therapies, and histological assessment is often the primary outcome measure. However, histological changes do not always correlate well with clinical outcomes. Therefore, this study evaluated functional outcomes in the rat surgical ACLT model and compared intra-articular injection volumes ranging from 20 to 50 μl. Unilateral ACLT was surgically induced and static weight-bearing, mechanical allodynia, motor function, and gait were assessed in four groups of male, Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6 per group). Intra-articular injections of 20 µl Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS), 50 µl DPBS, or 50 µl of synthetic biomimetic boundary lubricant were administered once weekly for 3 weeks postoperatively. Structural changes were evaluated histologically at 20 weeks. Rat cadaver knees were injected with 20, 30, 40, or 50 µl of gadolinium solutions and were imaged using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Static weight-bearing, mechanical allodynia, and gait parameters in ACLT groups revealed differences from baseline and naïve controls for 4 weeks post-ACLT; however, these differences did not persist beyond 6 weeks. Different intra-articular DPBS injection volumes did not result in functional or histological changes; however, peri-articular leakage was documented via MRI following 50, 40, and 30 µl but not 20 µl gadolinium injections. Statement of clinical significance: Differences in functional parameters were predominantly restricted to early, postoperative changes in the rat surgical ACLT model despite evidence of moderate histologic OA at 20 weeks. Injection volumes of 20-30 µl are more appropriate for investigating intra-articular therapies in the rat knee.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Emma S. Wagner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Danqiao Yu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Kevin J. Chen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Taidhgin J. Keel
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Sarah L. Pownder
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Matthew F. Koff
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Jonathan Cheetham
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - Heidi L. Reesink
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Yuan Z, Yang H, Zhong H, Peng W, Xie R. Recent Advances in Understanding the Role of Cartilage Lubrication in Osteoarthritis. Molecules 2021; 26:6122. [PMID: 34684706 PMCID: PMC8540456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The remarkable lubrication properties of normal articular cartilage play an essential role in daily life, providing almost frictionless movements of joints. Alterations of cartilage surface or degradation of biomacromolecules within synovial fluid increase the wear and tear of the cartilage and hence determining the onset of the most common joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA). The irreversible and progressive degradation of articular cartilage is the hallmark of OA. Considering the absence of effective options to treat OA, the mechanosensitivity of chondrocytes has captured attention. As the only embedded cells in cartilage, the metabolism of chondrocytes is essential in maintaining homeostasis of cartilage, which triggers motivations to understand what is behind the low friction of cartilage and develop biolubrication-based strategies to postpone or even possibly heal OA. This review firstly focuses on the mechanism of cartilage lubrication, particularly on boundary lubrication. Then the mechanotransduction (especially shear stress) of chondrocytes is discussed. The following summarizes the recent development of cartilage-inspired biolubricants to highlight the correlation between cartilage lubrication and OA. One might expect that the restoration of cartilage lubrication at the early stage of OA could potentially promote the regeneration of cartilage and reverse its pathology to cure OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhongrun Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Haijian Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weijie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Renjian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Xie R, Yao H, Mao AS, Zhu Y, Qi D, Jia Y, Gao M, Chen Y, Wang L, Wang DA, Wang K, Liu S, Ren L, Mao C. Biomimetic cartilage-lubricating polymers regenerate cartilage in rats with early osteoarthritis. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:1189-1201. [PMID: 34608279 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The early stages of progressive degeneration of cartilage in articular joints are a hallmark of osteoarthritis. Healthy cartilage is lubricated by brush-like cartilage-binding nanofibres with a hyaluronan backbone and two key side chains (lubricin and lipid). Here, we show that hyaluronan backbones grafted with lubricin-like sulfonate-rich polymers or with lipid-like phosphocholine-rich polymers together enhance cartilage regeneration in a rat model of early osteoarthritis. These biomimetic brush-like nanofibres show a high affinity for cartilage proteins, form a lubrication layer on the cartilage surface and efficiently lubricate damaged human cartilage, lowering its friction coefficient to the low levels typical of native cartilage. Intra-articular injection of the two types of nanofibre into rats with surgically induced osteoarthritic joints led to cartilage regeneration and to the abrogation of osteoarthritis within 8 weeks. Biocompatible injectable lubricants that facilitate cartilage regeneration may offer a translational strategy for the treatment of early osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renjian Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hang Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | | | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Dawei Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongguang Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-An Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sa Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hayashi K, Bourgeois A, Lopez D, Caserto BG, Berthelsen E, Krotscheck U, Reesink HL, Kim SY, Putnam D. Intra-Articular Administration of a Synthetic Lubricin in Canine Stifles. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2021; 35:90-95. [PMID: 34598303 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional, systemic, synovial and articular changes after intra-articular administration of a synthetic lubricin within healthy canine stifles. STUDY DESIGN A prospective randomized blinded placebo-controlled study composed of 10 dogs equally divided into either a treatment group (intra-articular synthetic lubricin injection, n = 5) or control group (saline, n = 5). Clinical (orthopaedic examination, gait observation, gait analysis), biochemical (complete blood count and biochemistry profile) and local tissue outcomes (joint fluid analysis, joint capsule and articular cartilage histopathology) were evaluated over a time period of 3 months. RESULTS No significant differences between the treatment group and control group were identified with regard to baseline patient parameters. No clinically significant orthopaedic examination abnormalities, gait abnormalities, biochemical alterations, joint fluid alterations or histopathological alterations were identified over the course of the study. CONCLUSION The synthetic lubricin studied herein is both biocompatible and safe for a single administration within the canine stifle joint. Further research is necessary to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the synthetic lubricin in canine osteoarthritic joints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Hayashi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Alexandria Bourgeois
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Daniel Lopez
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | | | - Erin Berthelsen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Ursula Krotscheck
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Heidi L Reesink
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - David Putnam
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States.,Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hu F, Lu H, Ye Z, Zhang S, Wang W, Gao L. Slow-release lubrication of artificial joints using self-healing polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene glycol/ graphene oxide hydrogel. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104807. [PMID: 34492404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New fabrication methods and lubrication materials must be developed to improve the lubrication performance of artificial joints and increase the lubrication duration. Herein, a novel polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene glycol/graphene oxide (PVA/PEG/GO) hydrogel was prepared by a physical cross-linking method, and then the hydrogel and its sustained-release solution were used as lubricant for friction evaluation. The results demonstrated that the slow-release gel solution has good lubrication performance, and coefficient of friction (COF) is only 0.04, which is much lower than the COF of distilled water (about 0.08) under the same conditions. The structure characterization results revealed that no new materials are formed in the gel. The results of thermogravimetric analyses and differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that the addition of GO may improve the network crosslinking structure of the PVA/PEG hydrogel and improve its mechanical strength. In addition, PVA/PEG/GO hydrogel has superior self-healing function. The self-healing hydrogel did not break again after being pulled under 200 G of weights. The PVA/PEG/GO hydrogel with excellent slow-release lubricating performance and self-healing properties provides a novel candidate for design of long-term lubricating artificial joints, and is expected to promote the progress of artificial joint lubrication applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- Group of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Modern Intelligent Textile Equipment, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, PR China
| | - Hailin Lu
- Group of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Modern Intelligent Textile Equipment, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, PR China.
| | - Zishuo Ye
- Group of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Modern Intelligent Textile Equipment, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, PR China
| | - Shoujing Zhang
- Group of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Modern Intelligent Textile Equipment, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, PR China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China.
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rahimi M, Charmi G, Matyjaszewski K, Banquy X, Pietrasik J. Recent developments in natural and synthetic polymeric drug delivery systems used for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Acta Biomater 2021; 123:31-50. [PMID: 33444800 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), is a common musculoskeletal disorder that will progressively increase in older populations and is expected to be the most dominant cause of disability in the world population by 2030. The progression of OA is controlled by a multi-factorial pathway that has not been completely elucidated and understood yet. However, over the years, research efforts have provided a significant understanding of some of the processes contributing to the progression of OA. Both cartilage and bone degradation processes induce articular cells to produce inflammatory mediators that produce proinflammatory cytokines that block the synthesis of collagen type II and aggrecan, the major components of cartilage. Systemic administration and intraarticular injection of anti-inflammatory agents are the first-line treatments of OA. However, small anti-inflammatory molecules are rapidly cleared from the joint cavity which limits their therapeutic efficacy. To palliate this strong technological drawback, different types of polymeric materials such as microparticles, nanoparticles, and hydrogels, have been examined as drug carriers for the delivery of therapeutic agents to articular joints. The main purpose of this review is to provide a summary of recent developments in natural and synthetic polymeric drug delivery systems for the delivery of anti-inflammatory agents to arthritic joints. Furthermore, this review provides an overview of the design rules that have been proposed so far for the development of drug carriers used in OA therapy. Overall it is difficult to state clearly which polymeric platform is the most efficient one because many advantages and disadvantages could be pointed to both natural and synthetic formulations. That requires further research in the near future.
Collapse
|
14
|
Jungmann P, Kreer T, Sommer JU, Paturej J. Conformational Properties of End-Grafted Bottlebrush Polymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Jungmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Torsten Kreer
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitä, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Sommer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jarosław Paturej
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Navarro LA, Shah TP, Zauscher S. Grafting To of Bottlebrush Polymers: Conformation and Kinetics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:4745-4756. [PMID: 32105081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Specifically adsorbed bottlebrush coatings are found in nature as brush-like glycoproteins that decorate biointerfaces and provide antifouling, lubrication, or wear-protection. Although various synthetic strategies have been developed to mimic glycoprotein structure and function, the use of these mimics is still limited because of the current lack of understanding of their adsorption behavior and surface conformation. In this paper, we examine the adsorption behavior of PEG-based, biotinylated bottlebrushes with different backbone and bristle lengths to streptavidin model surfaces in phosphate-buffered saline. By using quartz crystal microbalance, localized surface plasmon resonance, and atomic force microscopy, we learn how bottlebrush dimensions impact their adsorption kinetics, surface conformation, mechanical properties, and antifouling properties. Our bottlebrushes qualitatively mirror the adsorption behavior of linear polymers and exhibit three kinetic regimes of adsorption: (I) a transport-limited regime, (II) a pause, and (III) a penetration-limited regime. Furthermore, we find that the bristle length more dramatically affects brush properties than the backbone length. Generally, larger bottlebrush dimensions lead to reduced molar adsorption, retarded kinetics, weaker antifouling, and softer brush coatings. Longer bristles also lead to less mass adsorption, while the opposite trend is observed for increasing backbone length. In summary, our findings aid the rational design of new bottlebrush coatings by elucidating how their dimensions impact adsorption, surface conformation, and the properties of the final coating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Navarro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Tejank P Shah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Stefan Zauscher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mega macromolecules as single molecule lubricants for hard and soft surfaces. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2139. [PMID: 32358489 PMCID: PMC7195476 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15975-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A longstanding goal in science and engineering is to mimic the size, structure, and functionality present in biology with synthetic analogs. Today, synthetic globular polymers of several million molecular weight are unknown, and, yet, these structures are expected to exhibit unanticipated properties due to their size, compactness, and low inter-chain interactions. Here we report the gram-scale synthesis of dendritic polymers, mega hyperbranched polyglycerols (mega HPGs), in million daltons. The mega HPGs are highly water soluble, soft, nanometer-scale single polymer particles that exhibit low intrinsic viscosities. Further, the mega HPGs are lubricants acting as interposed single molecule ball bearings to reduce the coefficient of friction between both hard and soft natural surfaces in a size dependent manner. We attribute this result to their globular and single particle nature together with its exceptional hydration. Collectively, these results set the stage for new opportunities in the design, synthesis, and evaluation of mega polymers. Synthetic globular polymers of several million molecular weight are expected to exhibit unique properties but are difficult to synthesize. Here the authors synthesize such dendritic polymers that show unique lubrication properties and act as molecular ball bearings due to their 3D compact structure, size, solubility, hydration and low intrinsic viscosities.
Collapse
|
18
|
Irwin R, Feeney E, Secchieri C, Galesso D, Cohen I, Oliviero F, Ramonda R, Bonassar L. Distinct tribological endotypes of pathological human synovial fluid reveal characteristic biomarkers and variation in efficacy of viscosupplementation at reducing local strains in articular cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:492-501. [PMID: 32105835 PMCID: PMC7707424 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Viscosupplementation has been used for decades to treat mild to moderate osteoarthritis, yet it is unknown if the lubricating function of different pathological synovial fluids (SF) vary, or if they respond differentially to viscosupplementation. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the friction coefficients and induced shear strains in articular cartilage when lubricated with pathological SF, (ii) identify the effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) supplementation on friction coefficients and shear strains, and (iii) identify SF biomarkers that correlate with lubricating function. METHOD Human pathological SF was grouped by white blood cell count (inflammatory: >2000 cells/mm3, n = 6; non-inflammatory: <2000 cells/mm3, n = 6). Compositional analyses for lubricin and cytokines were performed. Friction coefficients and local tissue shear strain measurements were coupled using new, microscale rheological analyses by lubricating neonatal bovine cartilage explants with SF alone and in a 1:1 ratio with HA (Hymovis®). RESULTS Friction coefficients were not significantly different between the inflammatory and non-inflammatory pathologies (p = 0.09), and were poorly correlated with peak tissue strains at the cartilage articular surface (R2 = 0.34). A subset of inflammatory SF samples induced higher tissue strains, and HA supplementation was most effective at lowering friction and tissue strains in this inflammatory subset. Across all pathologies there were clear relationships between polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN), IL-8, and lubricin concentrations with cartilage tissue strains. CONCLUSION These results suggest that pathological SF is characterized by distinct tribological endotypes where SF lubricating behaviors are differentially modified by viscosupplementation and are identifiable by biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R.M. Irwin
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - E. Feeney
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | | | - I. Cohen
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - F. Oliviero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - R. Ramonda
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - L.J. Bonassar
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA,Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA,Address correspondence and reprint requests to: L.J. Bonassar, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 237 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. Tel.: 607-255-9381. (L.J. Bonassar)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bonnevie ED, Bonassar LJ. A Century of Cartilage Tribology Research Is Informing Lubrication Therapies. J Biomech Eng 2020; 142:031004. [PMID: 31956901 DOI: 10.1115/1.4046045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is one of the most unique materials found in nature. This tissue's ability to provide low friction and low wear over decades of constant use is not surpassed, as of yet, by any synthetic materials. Lubrication of the body's joints is essential to mammalian locomotion, but breakdown and degeneration of cartilage is the leading cause of severe disability in the industrialized world. In this paper, we review how theories of cartilage lubrication have evolved over the past decades and connect how theories of cartilage lubrication have been translated to lubrication-based therapies. Here, we call upon these historical perspectives and highlight the open questions in cartilage lubrication research. Additionally, these open questions within the field's understanding of natural lubrication mechanisms reveal strategic directions for lubrication therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward D Bonnevie
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, 151 Weill Hall, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14850
| | - Lawrence J Bonassar
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, 151 Weill Hall, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14850; Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 151 Weill Hall, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14850
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nemirov D, Nakagawa Y, Sun Z, Lebaschi A, Wada S, Carballo C, Deng XH, Putnam D, Bonassar LJ, Rodeo SA. Effect of Lubricin Mimetics on the Inhibition of Osteoarthritis in a Rat Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection Model. Am J Sports Med 2020; 48:624-634. [PMID: 32004084 DOI: 10.1177/0363546519898691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lubricin, a mucinous glycoprotein, plays a chondroprotective role as a constituent of synovial fluid. Structural analogs have been synthesized to mimic the structure and function of native lubricin in an effort to recapitulate this effect with the goal of delaying progression of osteoarthritis (OA). PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy of intra-articular injections of lubricin mimetics in slowing or preventing the progression of posttraumatic OA by using a rat anterior cruciate ligament transection model. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory design. METHODS Four lubricin mimetics were investigated, differing from one another in their binding orientations and steric interactions. Eighty skeletally mature Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bilateral anterior cruciate ligament transections and were randomly allocated to receive intra-articular injections (50 µL/injection) of 1 of the 4 mimetics in the right knee and equal volumes of saline injection in the contralateral knee (control). All rats were euthanized 8 weeks postoperatively and assessed via biomechanical analysis, which evaluated comparative friction coefficients across the 4 groups, and histological evaluation of articular cartilage, osteophytes, and synovitis. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) histopathological assessment system was used to evaluate the degree of articular cartilage degeneration and osteophytes, while synovitis was assessed through a semiquantitative scoring system. Binding efficacy of the 4 mimetics was assessed in vitro and in vivo through the immunohistochemical localization of polyethylene glycol. Articular cartilage degeneration and synovitis scoring data analyses were performed with generalized estimating equation modeling. RESULTS Injection of the group 3 mimetic (random 24 + 400 + 30) directly correlated with improved OARSI scores for femoral articular cartilage degeneration when compared with saline-injected contralateral control knees (P = .0410). No lubricin mimetic group demonstrated statistically significant differences in OARSI scores for tibial articular cartilage degeneration. Injection of the group 4 mimetic (AB 24 + 400 + 30) led to a statistically significant difference in osteophyte OARSI score (P = .0019). None of the 4 lubricin mimetics injections incited an additive synovial inflammatory response. Immunohistochemical staining substantiated the binding capacity of all 4 mimetics, while in vivo experimentation revealed that the group 1 and 3 mimetics were still retained within the joint 4 weeks after injection. There were no differences in friction coefficients between any pair of groups and no significant trends based on lubricin mimetic structure. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that the tribosupplementation of a traumatically injured knee with a specific lubricin structural analog may attenuate the natural progression of OA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The current lack of efficacious clinical options to counter the onset and subsequent development of OA suggests that further investigation into the synthesis and behavior of lubricin analogs could yield novel translational applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nemirov
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yusuke Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zhexun Sun
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Amir Lebaschi
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susumu Wada
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Camila Carballo
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xiang-Hua Deng
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Putnam
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.,Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Lawrence J Bonassar
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.,Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Scott A Rodeo
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Twitchell C, Walimbe T, Liu JC, Panitch A. PEPTIDE-MODIFIED CHONDROITIN SULFATE REDUCES COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION AT ARTICULAR CARTILAGE SURFACE. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 2:16-21. [PMID: 34222856 DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a debilitating disease that results in pain and joint stiffness. Currently, steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and supplements aimed at restoring lubrication to the affected joint are the most successful with respect to improving patient comfort. Due to the success in lubricating therapies, there exists a keen interest to develop better therapies that mimic how lubrication occurs naturally in the joint. Here we describe the results obtained using a chondroitin sulfate chain to which is conjugated peptides that bind to either hyaluronic acid (found in high concentrations in the synovial fluid) or collagen type II (present on the cartilage surface). Our study investigates the effect of binding to the cartilage surface and interacting with hyaluronic acid on lubrication at the cartilage surface. The results described here suggest that binding to the cartilage surface is critical to supporting lubrication and did not require the addition of hyaluronic acid to reduce friction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celina Twitchell
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, 206. S. Martin Jischke Dr. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Tanaya Walimbe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 451 E. Health Sciences Dr. University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Julie C Liu
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, 480 West Stadium Ave. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 451 E. Health Sciences Dr. University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sun Z, Bonassar LJ, Putnam D. Influence of Block Length on Articular Cartilage Lubrication with a Diblock Bottle-Brush Copolymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:330-337. [PMID: 31855406 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report how the tribological properties of a class of diblock copolymers with architecture and function inspired by the lubricating glycoprotein lubricin correlate to chemical composition. This class of diblock copolymers, consisting of a cationic cartilage-binding block and a brush-lubricating block, demonstrates that boundary lubrication of articular cartilage more strongly depends on the cartilage-binding block than the lubrication block. Specifically, the cartilage-binding functional groups (tertiary or quaternary amines) and cartilage-binding block length significantly influence the degree of lubrication under boundary mode experimental conditions. An optimal number (∼24 in this case) of cartilage-binding groups led to the lowest coefficient of friction, and an increase or decrease in the number of cations in the binding block led to partial (>24, and between 12 and 24) or complete (=12) loss of lubricating ability. The length of the lubricating block (DP = 200 or 400) chosen in this study had no effect on the degree of lubrication. These results are put into context in terms of binding affinity to the cartilage and the spatial packing density of the polymer on the cartilage surface and can serve as a useful guide for future designs of synthetic lubricants that rival the efficacy of natural lubricants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhexun Sun
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
| | - Lawrence J Bonassar
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
| | - David Putnam
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pradal C, Yakubov GE, Williams MAK, McGuckin MA, Stokes JR. Lubrication by biomacromolecules: mechanisms and biomimetic strategies. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2019; 14:051001. [PMID: 31212257 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ab2ac6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomacromolecules play a key role in protecting human biointerfaces from friction and wear, and thus enable painless motion. Biomacromolecules give rise to remarkable tribological properties that researchers have been eager to emulate. In this review, we examine how molecules such as mucins, lubricin, hyaluronic acid and other components of biotribological interfaces provide a unique set of rheological and surface properties that leads to low friction and wear. We then highlight how researchers have used some of the features of biotribological contacts to create biomimetic systems. While the brush architecture of the glycosylated molecules present at biotribological interfaces has inspired some promising polymer brush systems, it is the recent advance in the understanding of synergistic interaction between biomacromolecules that is showing the most potential in producing surfaces with a high lubricating ability. Research currently suggests that no single biomacromolecule or artificial polymer successfully reproduces the tribological properties of biological contacts. However, by combining molecules, one can enhance their anchoring and lubricating capacity, thus enabling the design of surfaces for use in biomedical applications requiring low friction and wear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clementine Pradal
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Boundary mode lubrication of articular cartilage with a biomimetic diblock copolymer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:12437-12441. [PMID: 31164421 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900716116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the design of a diblock copolymer with architecture and function inspired by the lubricating glycoprotein lubricin. This diblock copolymer, synthesized by sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization, consists of a cationic cartilage-binding domain and a brush-lubricating domain. It reduces the coefficient of friction of articular cartilage under boundary mode conditions (0.088 ± 0.039) to a level equivalent to that provided by lubricin (0.093 ± 0.011). Additionally, both the EC50 (0.404 mg/mL) and cartilage-binding time constant (7.19 min) of the polymer are comparable to purified human and recombinant lubricin. Like lubricin, the tribological properties of this polymer are dependent on molecular architecture. When the same monomer composition was evaluated either as an AB diblock copolymer or as a random copolymer, the diblock effectively lubricated cartilage under boundary mode conditions whereas the random copolymer did not. Additionally, the individual polymer blocks did not lubricate independently, and lubrication could be competitively inhibited with an excess of binding domain. This diblock copolymer is an example of a synthetic polymer with lubrication properties equal to lubricin under boundary mode conditions, suggesting its potential utility as a therapy for joint pathologies like osteoarthritis.
Collapse
|
25
|
Lakin BA, Cooper BG, Zakaria L, Grasso DJ, Wathier M, Bendele AM, Freedman JD, Snyder BD, Grinstaff MW. A Synthetic Bottle-brush Polyelectrolyte Reduces Friction and Wear of Intact and Previously Worn Cartilage. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3060-3067. [PMID: 31608307 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A poly(7-oxanorbornene-2-carboxylate) polymer containing pendent triethyleneglycol (TEG) chains of 2.8 MDa ("2.8M TEG") was synthesized and evaluated for long-term lubrication and wear reduction of ex vivo bovine cartilage as well as for synovitis in rats and dogs after intra-articular administration. Bovine cartilage surfaces were tested under torsional friction for 10,080 rotations while immersed in either saline, bovine synovial fluid (BSF), or 2.8M TEG. For each solution, coefficient of friction (μ), changes in surface roughness, and lost cartilage glycosaminoglycan were compared. To directly compare 2.8M TEG and BSF, additional samples were tested sequentially in BSF, BSF, 2.8M TEG, and then BSF. Finally, another set of samples were tested twice in saline to induce surface roughness and then tested in BSF, Synvisc, or 2.8M TEG to determine each treatment's effect on worn cartilage. Next, male Lewis rats were injected in one knee with 2.8M TEG or saline and evaluated for effects on gait, and female beagles were injected with either 2.8M TEG or saline in one knee, and their synovial tissues analyzed for inflammation by H&E staining. Treatment with 2.8M TEG lowers μ, lessens surface roughness, and minimizes glycosaminoglycan loss compared to saline. The 2.8M TEG also reduces μ compared to BSF in pairwise testing and on worn cartilage surfaces. Injection of 2.8M TEG in rat or beagle knees gives comparable effects to treatment with saline, and does not cause significant synovitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Lakin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Ave, Boston, MA.,Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Overland Street, Boston, MA
| | - Benjamin G Cooper
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Overland Street, Boston, MA.,Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA
| | - Luai Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Ave, Boston, MA.,Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Overland Street, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel J Grasso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Ave, Boston, MA.,Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Overland Street, Boston, MA
| | - Michel Wathier
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA.,Flex Biomedical, Madison, WI
| | | | - Jonathan D Freedman
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Overland Street, Boston, MA.,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University, 72 East Concord St., Boston, MA
| | - Brian D Snyder
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Overland Street, Boston, MA.,Children's Hospital, 333 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Overland Street, Boston, MA.,Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Huang J, Qiu X, Xie L, Jay GD, Schmidt TA, Zeng H. Probing the Molecular Interactions and Lubrication Mechanisms of Purified Full-Length Recombinant Human Proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) and Hyaluronic Acid (HA). Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1056-1067. [PMID: 30608145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Probing the adsorption and lubrication behavior of lubricin, also known as proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), is important for understanding the ultralow friction of cartilage lubrication. Most previous research has focused on native lubricin either purified from synovial fluid or articular cartilage explant culture media. In this work, the adsorption behavior and lubrication mechanism of full-length recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) on mica as well as the effect of adding hyaluronic acid (HA, a polysaccharide) were systematically investigated using a surface forces apparatus (SFA) technique. A low friction coefficient (μ ∼ 0.04) was measured when multilayer rhPRG4 (∼31 nm) was confined in between mica surfaces, even when the load increased to ∼1.2 MPa. Intriguingly, a previously unreported ultralow friction coefficient (μ < 0.005) was observed at a low sliding velocity ( v = 0.14 μm/s) with the applied load P reaching ∼3.6 MPa when a diluted rhPRG4 solution (∼90 μg/mL) was used. The distinct friction behavior is likely due to the smooth and more close-packed lubricin coating, as made evident by the atomic force microscope imaging. Adding HA onto multilayer rhPRG4-coated mica increased the friction coefficient μ to ∼0.1; however, the load bearing property increased, indicating potential synergistic effect between rhPRG4 and HA, which was further demonstrated by the weak adhesion observed when separating rhPRG4-coated mica and HA-coated aminopropyltriethoxysilane-mica (APTES-mica). Alternatively, adding premixed rhPRG4-HA on mica had a friction coefficient (μ ∼ 0.1) close to that of injecting concentrated rhPRG4 (∼450 μg/mL) with lower load sustainability. Our results provide fundamental insights into the adsorption and lubrication behavior of lubricin and its interaction with HA, with useful implications for the underlying mechanism of ultralow friction provided by synovial fluid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- Center for Advanced Jet Engineering Technologies (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), Department of Mechanical Engineering , Shandong University , Jingshi Road 17923 , Jinan 250061 , China.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Xiaoyong Qiu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine , Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02903 , United States.,Department of Engineering , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02903 , United States
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine , University of Connecticut Health Center , 263 Farmington Avenue , Farmington , Connecticut 06030 , United States
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
|
28
|
Wathier M, Lakin BA, Cooper BG, Bansal PN, Bendele AM, Entezari V, Suzuki H, Snyder BD, Grinstaff MW. A synthetic polymeric biolubricant imparts chondroprotection in a rat meniscal tear model. Biomaterials 2018; 182:13-20. [PMID: 30099277 PMCID: PMC6287749 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) is used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) as a viscosupplement, yet it only provides short-term benefit because HA is cleaved by hyaluronidase and cleared out of the joint after several days. Therefore, we developed a new polymer biolubricant based on poly-oxanorbornane carboxylate to enhance joint lubrication for a prolonged time. Rheological and biotribological studies of the biolubricant reveal viscoelastic properties and coefficient of friction equivalent and superior to that of healthy synovial fluid, respectively. Furthermore, in an ex vivo bovine cartilage plug model, the biolubricant exhibits superior long-term reduction of friction and wear prevention compared to saline and healthy synovial fluid. ISO 10993 biocompatibility tests demonstrate that the biolubricant polymer is non-toxic. In an in vivo rat medial meniscal tear OA model, where the performance of the leading HA viscosupplement (Synvisc-one®) is comparable to the saline control, treatment with the biolubricant affords significant chondroprotection compared to the saline control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Wathier
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Flex Biomedical, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Benjamin A Lakin
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin G Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prashant N Bansal
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Vahid Entezari
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Brian D Snyder
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cooper BG, Catalina Bordeianu, Nazarian A, Snyder BD, Grinstaff MW. Active agents, biomaterials, and technologies to improve biolubrication and strengthen soft tissues. Biomaterials 2018; 181:210-226. [PMID: 30092370 PMCID: PMC6766080 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Normal functioning of articulating tissues is required for many physiological processes occurring across length scales from the molecular to whole organism. Lubricating biopolymers are present natively on tissue surfaces at various sites of biological articulation, including eyelid, mouth, and synovial joints. The range of operating conditions at these disparate interfaces yields a variety of tribological mechanisms through which compressive and shear forces are dissipated to protect tissues from material wear and fatigue. This review focuses on recent advances in active agents and biomaterials for therapeutic augmentation of friction, lubrication, and wear in disease and injured states. Various small-molecule, biological, and gene delivery therapies are described, as are tribosupplementation with naturally-occurring and synthetic biolubricants and polymer reinforcements. While reintroduction of a diseased tissue's native lubricant received significant attention in the past, recent discoveries and pre-clinical research are capitalizing on concurrent advances in the molecular sciences and bioengineering fields, with an understanding of the underlying tissue structure and physiology, to afford a desired, and potentially patient-specific, tissue mechanical response for restoration of normal function. Small and large molecule drugs targeting recently elucidated pathways as well as synthetic and hybrid natural/synthetic biomaterials for restoring a desired tissue mechanical response are being investigated for treatment of, for example, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, xeroderma, and osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Catalina Bordeianu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Ara Nazarian
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Brian D Snyder
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Faust HJ, Sommerfeld SD, Rathod S, Rittenbach A, Ray Banerjee S, Tsui BMW, Pomper M, Amzel ML, Singh A, Elisseeff JH. A hyaluronic acid binding peptide-polymer system for treating osteoarthritis. Biomaterials 2018; 183:93-101. [PMID: 30149233 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is found naturally in synovial fluid and is utilized therapeutically to treat osteoarthritis (OA). Here, we employed a peptide-polymer cartilage coating platform to localize HA to the cartilage surface for the purpose of treating post traumatic osteoarthritis. The objective of this study was to increase efficacy of the peptide-polymer platform in reducing OA progression in a mouse model of post-traumatic OA without exogenous HA supplementation. The peptide-polymer is composed of an HA-binding peptide (HABP) conjugated to a heterobifunctional poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain and a collagen binding peptide (COLBP). We created a library of different peptide-polymers and characterized their HA binding properties in vitro using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) and isothermal calorimetry (ITC). The peptide polymers were further tested in vivo in an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) murine model of post traumatic OA. The peptide-polymer with the highest affinity to HA as tested by QCM-D (∼4-fold greater binding compared to other peptides tested) and by ITC (∼3.8-fold) was HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP. Biotin tagging demonstrated that HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP localizes to both cartilage defects and synovium. In vivo, HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP treatment and the clinical HA comparator Orthovisc lowered levels of inflammatory genes including IL-6, IL-1B, and MMP13 compared to saline treated animals and increased aggrecan expression in young mice. HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP and Orthovisc also reduced pain as measured by incapacitance and hotplate testing. Cartilage degeneration as measured by OARSI scoring was also reduced by HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP and Orthovisc. In aged mice, HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP therapeutic efficacy was similar to its efficacy in young mice, but Orthovisc was less efficacious and did not significantly improve OARSI scoring. These results demonstrate that HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP is effective at reducing PTOA progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Faust
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Sven D Sommerfeld
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Sona Rathod
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Andrew Rittenbach
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | | | - Benjamin M W Tsui
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Martin Pomper
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Mario L Amzel
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Anirudha Singh
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Jennifer H Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Morgese G, Benetti EM, Zenobi-Wong M. Molecularly Engineered Biolubricants for Articular Cartilage. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701463. [PMID: 29717824 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lubrication within articular joints plays a crucial role in daily life, providing an extremely low coefficient of friction and preventing wear at the surface of the articular cartilage. Natural biomacromolecules responsible for lubrication are part of the synovial fluid and their degradation is associated with the onset of degenerative diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA). The current absence of effective treatments for OA has captured the attention of chemists and material scientists over the last two decades, triggering the development of partially or fully synthetic biolubricants aimed to reduce friction within the joints and restore cartilage functions. Although there is still a long way to go before synthetic replacements of natural biolubricants can be applied clinically, this review highlights those formulations that meet the fundamental requirements for being efficient lubricants for articular cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Morgese
- Polymer Surfaces Group; Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; Department of Materials; ETH Zürich; Zürich 8093 Switzerland
- Tissue Engineering and Biofabrication Group; Department of Health Science and Technology; ETH Zürich; Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M. Benetti
- Polymer Surfaces Group; Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; Department of Materials; ETH Zürich; Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering and Biofabrication Group; Department of Health Science and Technology; ETH Zürich; Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Advances in Tribology of Lubricin and Lubricin-Like Synthetic Polymer Nanostructures. LUBRICANTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/lubricants6020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
33
|
Guo J, Li Y, Lu H, Li Y, Li X, Qin L, Dong G. PCEC hydrogel used on sustained-release hyaluronic acid delivery with lubrication effect. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junde Guo
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, School of Mechanical Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, School of Mechanical Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Hailin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, School of Mechanical Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry; School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Xing Li
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, School of Mechanical Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Liguo Qin
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, School of Mechanical Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Guangneng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, School of Mechanical Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang Q, Chen S, Liang Y, Dong D, Zhang N. Bottle-Brush Brushes: Surface-Initiated Rare Earth Metal Mediated Group Transfer Polymerization from a Poly(3-((2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate) Backbone. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiliao Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yongjiu Liang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dewen Dong
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cooper BG, Lawson TB, Snyder BD, Grinstaff MW. Reinforcement of articular cartilage with a tissue-interpenetrating polymer network reduces friction and modulates interstitial fluid load support. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:1143-1149. [PMID: 28285000 PMCID: PMC5726233 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with increased articular cartilage hydraulic permeability and decreased maintenance of high interstitial fluid load support (IFLS) during articulation, resulting in increased friction on the cartilage solid matrix. This study assesses frictional response following in situ synthesis of an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) designed to mimic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) depleted during OA. METHODS Cylindrical osteochondral explants containing various interpenetrating polymer concentrations were subjected to a torsional friction test under unconfined creep compression. Time-varying coefficient of friction, compressive engineering strain, and normalized strain values (ε/εeq) were calculated and analyzed. RESULTS The polymer network reduced friction coefficient over the duration of the friction test, with statistically significantly reduced friction coefficients (95% confidence interval 14-34% reduced) at equilibrium compressive strain upon completion of the test (P = 0.015). A positive trend was observed relating polymer network concentration with magnitude of friction reduction compared to non-treated tissue. CONCLUSION The cartilage-interpenetrating polymer treatment improves lubrication by augmenting the biphasic tissue's interstitial fluid phase, and additionally improves the friction dissipation of the tissue's solid matrix. This technique demonstrates potential as a therapy to augment tribological function of articular cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B G Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - T B Lawson
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - B D Snyder
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - M W Grinstaff
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Andresen Eguiluz RC, Cook SG, Tan M, Brown CN, Pacifici NJ, Samak MS, Bonassar LJ, Putnam D, Gourdon D. Synergistic Interactions of a Synthetic Lubricin-Mimetic with Fibronectin for Enhanced Wear Protection. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2017; 5:36. [PMID: 28702455 PMCID: PMC5487421 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lubricin (LUB), a major mucinous glycoprotein of mammalian synovial fluids, is believed to provide excellent lubrication to cartilage surfaces. Consequently, when joint disease or replacement leads to increased friction and surface damage in the joint, robust synthetic LUB alternatives that could be used therapeutically to improve lubrication and surface protection are needed. Here, we report the characterization of a lubricating multiblock bottlebrush polymer whose architecture was inspired by LUB, and we investigate the role of fibronectin (FN), a glycoprotein found in the superficial zone of cartilage, in mediating the tribological properties of the polymer upon shear between mica surfaces. Our surface forces apparatus (SFA) normal force measurements indicate that the lubricin-mimetic (mimLUB) could be kept anchored between mica surfaces, even under high contact pressures, when an intermediate layer of FN was present. Additional SFA friction measurements show that FN would also extend the wearless friction regime of the polymer up to pressures of 3.4 MPa while ensuring stable friction coefficients (μ ≈ 0.28). These results demonstrate synergistic interactions between mimLUB and FN in assisting the lubrication and wear protection of ideal (mica) substrates upon shear. Collectively, these findings suggest that our proposed mimLUB might be a promising alternative to LUB, as similar mechanisms could potentially facilitate the interaction between the polymer and cartilage surfaces in articular joints and prosthetic implants in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sierra G Cook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Mingchee Tan
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Cory N Brown
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Noah J Pacifici
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Mihir S Samak
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lawrence J Bonassar
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - David Putnam
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Delphine Gourdon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|