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Morimoto T, Izumi M, Aso K, Ikeuchi M. Role of tear size and tendon degeneration for development of pain in rat models of rotator cuff tear. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2024; 33:1473-1482. [PMID: 38311102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotator cuff tear (RCT) is a frequent etiology of shoulder pain and disability; however, the triggers for the onset and aggravation of pain remain obscure. In this study, we established novel rat RCT models to examine the impact of tear size and tendon degeneration on pain. METHODS Fifty-five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into 4 study groups: large tear (L group, n = 10), small tear (S group, n = 15), small tear with scratching (S+ group n = 15), and sham surgery (Sham group, n = 15). Pain-related behaviors were evaluated by weight distribution of forelimbs during a 5-minute free gait using a dynamic weight-bearing apparatus at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expressions in ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of C4, C5, and C6 were evaluated at 4 and 8 weeks. The area of scar tissues around the torn tendon, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and severity of tendon degeneration (modified Bonar score) were histologically assessed at 4 and 8 weeks. Additionally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to evaluate the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nerve growth factor (NGF) expression in torn tendons and surrounding tissues at 4 weeks. RESULTS The weight distribution ratio (ipsilateral and contralateral side) was significantly decreased in the L and S+ group compared with its baseline and Sham group (P < .05), but the S group showed no significant difference compared with the Sham. The ratio of CGRP-immunoreactive neurons in the DRGs was significantly higher in the L and S+ groups than in the S and Sham groups. The histologic assessment indicated that scar tissue formation was more extensive in the L group than in the S and S+ groups. Still, there was no significant difference between the S and S+ groups. The modified Bonar score was considerably higher in the S+ group than in the S group. Furthermore, ELISA analysis demonstrated no significant disparity in COX-2 levels between the groups; however, NGF levels were substantially higher in the S+ group than in the S and Sham groups. CONCLUSION The present study provides compelling evidence that large RCT is strongly associated with heightened pain severity in a rat model. Nevertheless, even a small tear can significantly aggravate pain when the torn tendon is degenerated. CGRP upregulation driven by peripheral NGF possibly played a pivotal role in the genesis and exacerbation of pain in small RCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Morimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Masashi Izumi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan.
| | - Koji Aso
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ikeuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
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2
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Malange KF, de Souza DM, Lemes JBP, Fagundes CC, Oliveira ALL, Pagliusi MO, Carvalho NS, Nishijima CM, da Silva CRR, Consonni SR, Sartori CR, Tambeli CH, Parada CA. The Implications of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Biological Activities of Platelet-Rich Plasma. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02072-9. [PMID: 38904872 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biological blood-derived therapeutic obtained from whole blood that contains higher levels of platelets. PRP has been primarily used to mitigate joint degeneration and chronic pain in osteoarthritis (OA). This clinical applicability is based mechanistically on the release of several proteins by platelets that can restore joint homeostasis. Platelets are the primary source of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) outside the central nervous system. Interestingly, BDNF and PRP share key biological activities with clinical applicability for OA management, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant. However, the role of BDNF in PRP therapeutic activities is still unknown. Thus, this work aimed to investigate the implications of BDNF in therapeutic outcomes provided by PRP therapy in vitro and in-vivo, using the MIA-OA animal model in male Wistar rats. Initially, the PRP was characterized, obtaining a leukocyte-poor-platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP). Our assays indicated that platelets activated by Calcium release BDNF, and suppression of M1 macrophage polarization induced by LP-PRP depends on BDNF full-length receptor, Tropomyosin Kinase-B (TrkB). OA animals were given LP-PRP intra-articular and showed functional recovery in gait, joint pain, inflammation, and tissue damage caused by MIA. Immunohistochemistry for activating transcriptional factor-3 (ATF-3) on L4/L5 dorsal root ganglia showed the LP-PRP decreased the nerve injury induced by MIA. All these LP-PRP therapeutic activities were reversed in the presence of TrkB receptor antagonist. Our results suggest that the therapeutic effects of LP-PRP in alleviating OA symptoms in rats depend on BDNF/TrkB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaue Franco Malange
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Douglas Menezes de Souza
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Julia Borges Paes Lemes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Costa Fagundes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Anna Lethicia Lima Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Marco Oreste Pagliusi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Santos Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Catarine Massucato Nishijima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Cintia Rizoli Ruiz da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Silvio Roberto Consonni
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Cesar Renato Sartori
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Claudia Herrera Tambeli
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Carlos Amilcar Parada
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Carl Von Linnaeus, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-864, Brazil.
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Kawarai Y, Nakamura J, Hagiwara S, Suzuki-Narita M, Inage K, Ohtori S. Alterations in DNA methylation machinery in a rat model of osteoarthritis of the hip. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:357. [PMID: 38880910 PMCID: PMC11181635 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to validate alterations in the gene expression of DNA methylation-related enzymes and global methylation in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and synovial tissues of animal hip osteoarthritis (OA) models. METHODS Animals were assigned to the control (no treatment), sham (25 µL of sterile saline), and OA (25 µL of sterile saline and 2 mg of monoiodoacetate) groups. Microcomputed tomography scan, histopathological assessment and pain threshold measurement were performed after induction. The mRNA expression of the DNA methylation machinery genes and global DNA methylation in the PBMC and hip synovial tissue were evaluated. RESULTS The OA group presented with hip joint OA histopathologically and radiologically and decreased pain threshold. The mRNA expression of DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt 3a), ten-eleven translocation (Tet) 1 and Tet 3 in the synovial tissue of the OA group was significantly upregulated. Global DNA methylation in the synovial tissue of the OA group was significantly higher than that of the control and sham groups. CONCLUSIONS The intra-articular administration of monoiodoacetate induced hip joint OA and decreased pain threshold. The DNA methylation machinery in the synovial tissues of hip OA was altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Kawarai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1- 8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
| | - Junichi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1- 8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Shigeo Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1- 8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Miyako Suzuki-Narita
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1- 8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Inage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1- 8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1- 8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
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Li D, Sun Y, Ding L, Fu Y, Zhou J, Yu JT, Tan L. Associations of Growth-Associated Protein 43 with Cerebral Microbleeds: A Longitudinal Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:1913-1922. [PMID: 38339928 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) play an important role in neurodegenerative pathology. Objective The present study aims to test whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) level is linked to CMBs in elderly people. Methods A total of 750 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) who had measurements of GAP-43 and CMBs were included in the study. According to the presence and extent of CMBs, participants were stratified into different groups. Regression analyses were used to assess cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between GAP-43 and CMBs. Results Participants with CMB were slightly older and had higher concentrations of CSF GAP43. In multivariable adjusted analyses for age, gender, APOEɛ4 status, and cognitive diagnoses, higher CSF GAP-43 concentrations were modestly associated with CMB presence (OR = 1.169, 95% CI = 1.001-1.365) and number (β= 0.020, SE = 0.009, p = 0.027). Similarly, higher CSF GAP43 concentrations were accrual of CMB lesions, associated with higher CMB progression (OR = 1.231, 95% CI = 1.044-1.448) and number (β= 0.017, SE = 0.005, p = 0.001) in the follow up scan. In stratified analyses, slightly stronger associations were noted in male participants, those 65 years and older, carriers of APOEɛ4 alleles, and with more advanced cognitive disorders. Conclusions CSF GAP-43 was cross-sectionally associated with the presence and extent of CMBs. GAP-43 might be used as a biomarker to track the dynamic changes of CMBs in elderly persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Li
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Geary MB, Orner CA, Shammas H, Reuter JM, Loiselle AE, Giordano BD, Wu CL. The surgical destabilization of the abductor muscle leads to development of instability-associated hip osteoarthritis in mice. J Hip Preserv Surg 2023; 10:158-165. [PMID: 38162262 PMCID: PMC10757407 DOI: 10.1093/jhps/hnad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip is a common and debilitating painful joint disease. However, there is paucity of surgically induced hip OA models in small animals that allow scientists to study the onset and progression of the disease. A growing body of evidence indicates a positive association between periarticular myotendinous pathology and the development of hip OA. Thus, in the current study, we aimed to establish a novel mouse instability-associated hip OA model via selective injury of the abductor complex around the hip joint. C57BL6/J mice were randomized to sham surgery or abductor injury, in which the myotendinous insertion at the third trochanter and greater trochanter were surgically detached. Mice were allowed free active movement until they were sacrificed at either 3 weeks or 20 weeks post-injury. Histologic analyses and immunohistochemical staining of the femoral head articular cartilage were performed, along with microCT (µCT) analysis to assess subchondral bone remodeling. We observed that mice receiving abductor injury exhibited significantly increased instability-associated OA severity with loss of proteoglycan and type II collagen staining compared to sham control mice at 20 weeks post-surgery, while comparable matrix metalloproteinase 13 expression was observed between injury and sham groups. No significant differences in subchondral bone remodeling were found after 3 or 20 weeks following injury. Our study further supports the link between abductor dysfunction and the development of instability-associated hip OA. Importantly, this novel surgically induced hip OA mouse model may provide a valuable tool for future investigations into the pathogenesis and treatment of hip OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Geary
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood, Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Caitlin A Orner
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood, Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Helen Shammas
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood, Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - John M Reuter
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood, Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Alayna E Loiselle
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood, Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Brian D Giordano
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood, Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood, Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Amodeo G, Franchi S, Galimberti G, Comi L, D’Agnelli S, Baciarello M, Bignami EG, Sacerdote P. Osteoarthritis Pain in Old Mice Aggravates Neuroinflammation and Frailty: The Positive Effect of Morphine Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2847. [PMID: 36359375 PMCID: PMC9687902 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is a common cause of pain and disability in old subjects. Pain may predispose to the development of frailty. Studies on mechanisms underlying pain in osteoarthritis models during aging are lacking. In this work, we used the monosodium iodoacetate model of osteoarthritis in adult (11-week-old) and old (20-month-old) C57BL/6J mice to compare hypersensitivity, locomotion, neuroinflammation, and the effects of morphine treatment. After osteoarthritis induction in adult and old mice, weight-bearing asymmetry, mechanical allodynia, and thermal hyperalgesia similarly developed, while locomotion and frailty were more affected in old than in adult animals. When behavioral deficits were present, the animals were treated for 7 days with morphine. This opioid counteracts the behavioral alterations and the frailty index worsening both in adult and old mice. To address the mechanisms that underlie pain, we evaluated neuroinflammatory markers and proinflammatory cytokine expression in the sciatic nerve, DRGs, and spinal cord. Overexpression of cytokines and glia markers were present in osteoarthritis adult and old mice, but the activation was qualitatively and quantitatively more evident in aged mice. Morphine was able to counteract neuroinflammation in both age groups. We demonstrate that old mice are more vulnerable to pain's detrimental effects, but prompt treatment is successful at mitigating these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Amodeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Franchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Galimberti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Comi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Simona D’Agnelli
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Baciarello
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Giovanna Bignami
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Sacerdote
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
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7
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Arai T, Suzuki-Narita M, Takeuchi J, Tajiri I, Inage K, Kawarai Y, Eguchi Y, Shiga Y, Hozumi T, Kim G, Tsuchiya R, Otagiri T, Mukaihata T, Hishiya T, Toshi N, Okuyama K, Tokeshi S, Furuya T, Maki S, Matsuura Y, Suzuki T, Nakamura J, Hagiwara S, Ohtori S, Orita S. Analgesic effects and arthritic changes following intra-articular injection of diclofenac etalhyaluronate in a rat knee osteoarthritis model. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:960. [DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diclofenac etalhyaluronate (DF-HA) is a recently developed analgesic conjugate of diclofenac and hyaluronic acid that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects on acute arthritis. In this study, we investigated its analgesic effect on osteoarthritis, using a rat model of monoiodoacetate (MIA).
Methods
We injected MIA into the right knees of eight 6-weeks-old male Sprague–Dawley rats. Four weeks later, rats were randomly injected with DF-HA or vehicle into the right knee. Seven weeks after the MIA injection, fluorogold (FG) and sterile saline were injected into the right knees of all the rats. We assessed hyperalgesia with weekly von Frey tests for 8 weeks after MIA administration. We took the right knee computed tomography (CT) as radiographical evaluation every 2 weeks. All rats were sacrificed 8 weeks after administration of MIA for histological evaluation of the right knee and immunohistochemical evaluation of the DRG and spinal cord. We also evaluated the number of FG-labeled calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunoreactive(ir) neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1)-ir microglia in the spinal cord.
Results
Administration of DF-HA significantly improved pain sensitivity and reduced CGRP and Iba1 expression in the DRG and spinal cord, respectively. However, computed tomography and histological evaluation of the right knee showed similar levels of joint deformity, despite DF-HA administration.
Conclusion
DF-HA exerted analgesic effects on osteoarthritic pain, but did not affect joint deformity.
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Kanno K, Suzuki-Narita M, Kawarai Y, Hagiwara S, Yoh S, Nakamura J, Orita S, Inage K, Suzuki T, Ohtori S. Analgesic effects and arthritic changes following tramadol administration in a rat hip osteoarthritis model. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:1770-1777. [PMID: 34783063 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the analgesic effects of tramadol and the arthritic changes following tramadol administration in the rat hip osteoarthritis (OA) model using mono-iodoacetate (MIA). The right hip joints of male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 5 rats/group) in the Sham group were injected with 25 μl of sterile saline and 1% of fluorogold (FG) retrograde neurotracer. In the MIA + Vehicle and MIA + Tramadol groups, FG and 25 μl of sterile saline with 0.5 mg of MIA were injected into the right hip joint. The MIA + Vehicle and MIA + Tramadol groups were administered daily for 4 weeks, either sterile saline (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) or tramadol (10 mg/kg, i.p.). We assessed hyperalgesia every week after MIA administration. Histopathological changes and immunoreactive neurons for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were evaluated after 4 weeks of treatment. MIA injection into the hip joint led to mechanical hyperalgesia (p < 0.01), which was significantly reduced by tramadol administration (p < 0.01). Furthermore, daily i.p injection of tramadol significantly suppressed CGRP expression in DRG (p < 0.0001). MIA + Vehicle and MIA + Tramadol groups showed significant cartilage reduction and degeneration compared to the Sham group (p < 0.0001). Interestingly, OA changes significantly progressed in the MIA + Tramadol group compared to the MIA + Vehicle group (p < 0.0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keijiro Kanno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan
| | - Miyako Suzuki-Narita
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan
| | - Yuya Kawarai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan
| | - Shigeo Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Togane, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan
| | - Sumihisa Orita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Inage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan
| | - Takane Suzuki
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan
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9
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Yoh S, Kawarai Y, Hagiwara S, Orita S, Nakamura J, Miyamoto S, Suzuki T, Akazawa T, Shiko Y, Kawasaki Y, Ohtori S. Intra-articular injection of monoiodoacetate induces diverse hip osteoarthritis in rats, depending on its dose. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:494. [PMID: 35614438 PMCID: PMC9131671 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced arthritis models are used widely in osteoarthritis (OA) research to develop effective conservative treatments for hip OA, as an alternative to joint replacement surgery. In joint OA models, such as the MIA-induced knee OA model, various doses of MIA are utilized, depending on the purpose of the research. So far, only 2 mg of MIA has been used for MIA-induced hip OA research. We hypothesized that the amount of MIA should be adjusted according to the osteoarthritis model under investigation. We performed radiographic and histological evaluations in rats for hip OA models induced by different doses of MIA. METHODS One hundred and eighty right hips of six-week-old, male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 30 rats per group) were treated with either a single intra-articular injection of various doses of MIA (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg) dissolved in 25 μl of sterile saline (MIA group), or with 25 μl of sterile saline alone (Sham group). Radiographic and histological evaluations of the hip joint were performed at one, two, four, eight, and 12 weeks after administration (n = 6 rats per group per time point). RESULTS OA changes progressed from 1 week after administration in the 1.0-mg, 2.0-mg, and 4.0-mg MIA groups. The degree of OA changes increased as the dose of MIA increased. The 0.25-mg and 0.5-mg MIA groups presented fewer OA changes than the 2.0-mg and 4.0-mg MIA groups during the entire study period (up to 12 weeks). The administration of 0.25 mg and 0.5 mg of MIA-induced both radiographic and histological OA changes in a time-dependent manner, whereas more than 2 mg of MIA provoked end-stage OA at 8 weeks after injection. Absolute, dose-dependent histopathological OA changes were observed 4 weeks after MIA administration. CONCLUSIONS Intra-articular MIA injection to the hip joints of rats induced diverse OA changes dose-dependently. Research for developing novel conservative treatments for hip OA and intractable pain should consider the pathological condition when determining the dose of MIA to be employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yuya Kawarai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Sumihisa Orita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Shuichi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Matsudo City General Hospital, 993-1 Sendabori, Matsudo City, Chiba, 270-2296, Japan
| | - Takane Suzuki
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Akazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Yuki Shiko
- Biostastics Section, Clinical Research Center Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Biostastics Section, Clinical Research Center Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
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10
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Sestrin2 overexpression attenuates osteoarthritis pain via induction of AMPK/PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and suppression of neuroinflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 102:53-70. [PMID: 35151829 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critically involved in chronic pain. Sestrin2 (Sesn2), a novel stress-inducible protein, is evidenced to reduce the generation of ROS. The study examined the role of Sesn2 in osteoarthritis (OA) pain and delineated the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS In the present study, we investigated the impact of Sesn2 on mitochondrial biogenesis in a rat model of OA pain. After adeno-associated viral (AAV)-Sesn2EGFP was injected for 14 days, OA was induced by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). We assessed pain behaviors (weight-bearing asymmetry and paw withdrawal threshold) and explored possible mechanisms in the L4-6 spinal cord. RESULTS Our results showed that overexpression of Sesn2 in the spinal cord alleviated pain behaviors in OA rats. Moreover, overexpression of Sesn2 increased the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and significantly restored mitochondrial biogenesis. Besides, Sesn2 overexpression inhibited the activation of astrocytes and microglia, and decreased the production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the spinal cord of the OA pain rats. These effects were significantly reversed by an AMPK inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results suggest that Sesn2 overexpression ameliorates mechanical allodynia and weight-bearing asymmetry in OA rats via activation of AMPK/PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in the spinal cord. Moreover, Sesn2 overexpression attenuates OA-induced neuroinflammation at least partly by activating AMPK signaling. Sesn2 may become an encouraging therapeutic strategy for OA pain relief and other disorders.
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11
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Yang H, Wang L, Chu X, Shi X, Li X, Li T. BoNT/A alleviates neuropathic pain in osteoarthritis by down-regulating the expression of P2X4R in spinal microglia. Toxicon 2021; 206:55-63. [PMID: 34954133 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain in osteoarthritis is one of the reasons why the pain is difficult to treat, and P2X4R plays an important role in neuropathic pain. In addition, BoNT/A has been proven to have analgesic effects on both neuropathic pain and osteoarthritis, but its exact mechanism is still unknown. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the analgesic effect of BoNT/A on osteoarthritis and the expression of P2X4R in spinal cord microglia. The analgesic effect was compared between BoNT/A and compound betamethasone. Western blot analysis was used to examine the expression of P2X4R and BDNF proteins in the spinal cord. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the cellular location of P2X4R. Mechanical allodynia and weight asymmetry were identified using the hind paw withdrawal threshold and weight bearing test. The results showed that intra-articular injection of MIA induced persistent mechanical allodynia and weight asymmetry in rats. Both BoNT/A and betamethasone could relieve pain behavior in rats, but BoNT/A had a more obvious effect and lasted longer. Furthermore, BoNT/A could reverse the MIA-induced overexpression of BDNF and P2X4R in the spinal dorsal horn. To sum up, BoNT/A is more effective than betamethasone in relieving MIA-induced osteoarthritis pain in rats, and its analgesic effect may be related to the regulation of P2X4R-mediated BDNF release in spinal microglia and the relief of neuropathic pain in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University, Huzhou, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, Province, China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Department of Pharmacy of Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaojuan Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, Province, China
| | - Xinhe Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, Province, China
| | - Tieshan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, Province, China.
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12
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Miyamoto S, Iida S, Miyashita T, Katou K, Kawarai Y, Nakamura J, Orita S, Ohtori S. Mechanism of Chronic Pain of Symptomatic Hip Osteoarthritis by Association of its Distribution, Nociceptive, Neuropathic, Nociplastic, or Mixed-pain Screening, and the Prevalence of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Cross-sectional Study. Clin J Pain 2021; 38:77-87. [PMID: 34803154 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The pain of hip osteoarthritis (OA) is generally recognized as nociceptive in origin because of the local pathology. However, some patients with OA experience a neuropathic pain component as an essential part of some nociplastic pain subtype. Here, we sought to examine the mechanism of chronic pain of symptomatic hip OA by the association of its distribution, complex pain mechanism screening, and the prevalence of lumbar spinal stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of 100 hips in 100 patients with symptomatic hip OA in a chronic state. We examined all baseline clinical characteristics including clinical and functional score, location of pain and numbness, and pain score (PainDETECT questionnaire and the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs), and magnetic resonance imaging of the hip and lumbar spine. RESULTS The PainDETECT questionnaire and Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs revealed that 23% of the patients had a neuropathic pain component. There were 24 variations of the pain pattern. By contrast, the pain localized around the hip joint was only 15%. Pain distal to the thigh and any numbness was significantly more frequent in the group with neuropathic pain (P<0.001). Lumbar spinal stenosis grade was not significantly different between patients with nociceptive pain and those with neuropathic pain. Pain score was significantly correlated with the pain in clinical and functional scores. DISCUSSION Among patients with symptomatic hip OA, the distribution of pain was various, and about 23% of patients had neuropathic, nociplastic, or mixed pain as a possibility for somatosensory system disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Matsudo City General Hospital, Matsudo City
| | - Satoshi Iida
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Matsudo City General Hospital, Matsudo City
| | - Tomohiro Miyashita
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Matsudo City General Hospital, Matsudo City
| | - Kei Katou
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Matsudo City General Hospital, Matsudo City
| | - Yuya Kawarai
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Junichi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Sumihisa Orita
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Chiba University Chiba University Center for Frontier Medical Engineering (CFME), Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
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13
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Chang L, Yao H, Yao Z, Ho KKW, Ong MTY, Dai B, Tong W, Xu J, Qin L. Comprehensive Analysis of Key Genes, Signaling Pathways and miRNAs in Human Knee Osteoarthritis: Based on Bioinformatics. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:730587. [PMID: 34497524 PMCID: PMC8419250 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.730587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the main causes of disability in the elderly population, accompanied by a series of underlying pathologic changes, such as cartilage degradation, synovitis, subchondral bone sclerosis, and meniscus injury. The present study aimed to identify key genes, signaling pathways, and miRNAs in knee OA associated with the entire joint components, and to explain the potential mechanisms using computational analysis. Methods: The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cartilage, synovium, subchondral bone, and meniscus were identified using the Gene Expression Omnibus 2R (GEO2R) analysis based on dataset from GSE43923, GSE12021, GSE98918, and GSE51588, respectively and visualized in Volcano Plot. Venn diagram analyses were performed to identify the overlapping DEGs (overlapping DEGs) that expressed in at least two types of tissues mentioned above. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, and module analysis were conducted. Furthermore, qRT-PCR was performed to validate above results using our clinical specimens. Results: As a result, a total of 236 overlapping DEGs were identified, of which 160 were upregulated and 76 were downregulated. Through enrichment analysis and constructing the PPI network and miRNA-mRNA network, knee OA-related key genes, such as HEY1, AHR, VEGFA, MYC, and CXCL12 were identified. Clinical validation by qRT-PCR experiments further supported above computational results. In addition, knee OA-related key miRNAs such as miR-101, miR-181a, miR-29, miR-9, and miR-221, and pathways such as Wnt signaling, HIF-1 signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, and axon guidance pathways were also identified. Among above identified knee OA-related key genes, pathways and miRNAs, genes such as AHR, HEY1, MYC, GAP43, and PTN, pathways like axon guidance, and miRNAs such as miR-17, miR-21, miR-155, miR-185, and miR-1 are lack of research and worthy for future investigation. Conclusion: The present informatic study for the first time provides insight to the potential therapeutic targets of knee OA by comprehensively analyzing the overlapping genes differentially expressed in multiple joint components and their relevant signaling pathways and interactive miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Hao Yao
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Kevin Ki-Wai Ho
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Michael Tim-Yun Ong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Bingyang Dai
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Wenxue Tong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Jiankun Xu
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
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14
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Bjurström MF, Bodelsson M, Irwin MR, Orbjörn C, Hansson O, Mattsson-Carlgren N. Decreased pain sensitivity and alterations of cerebrospinal fluid and plasma inflammatory mediators after total hip arthroplasty in patients with disabling osteoarthritis. Pain Pract 2021; 22:66-82. [PMID: 34143556 DOI: 10.1111/papr.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proinflammatory mechanisms are implicated in pain states. Recent research indicates that patients with osteoarthritis (OA) with signs of central sensitization exhibit elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), Fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (Flt-1), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). METHODS The current prospective cohort study, including 15 patients with OA, primarily aimed to evaluate associations among alterations in CSF IP-10, Flt-1, MCP-1, and pain sensitization following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Participants provided CSF and blood samples for analysis of 10 proinflammatory mediators, and underwent detailed clinical examination and quantitative sensory testing, immediately preoperative and 18 months after surgery. RESULTS Neurophysiological measures of pain showed markedly reduced pain sensitivity long-term postoperative. Increases in remote site pressure pain detection thresholds (PPDTs) and decreased temporal summation indicated partial resolution of previous central sensitization. Compared to preoperative, CSF concentrations of IP-10 were increased (p = 0.041), whereas neither Flt-1 (p = 0.112) nor MCP-1 levels changed (p = 0.650). Compared to preoperative, plasma concentrations of IP-10 were increased (p = 0.006), whereas interleukin (IL)-8 was decreased (p = 0.023). Subjects who exhibited increases in arm PPDTs above median showed greater increases in CSF IP-10 compared to those with PPDT increases below median (p = 0.028). Analyses of plasma IP-10 and IL-8 indicated higher levels of peripheral inflammation were linked to decreased pressure pain thresholds (unadjusted β = -0.79, p = 0.006, and β = -118.1, p = 0.014, respectively). CONCLUSIONS THA leads to long-term decreases in pain sensitivity, indicative of resolution of sensitization processes. Changes in CSF and plasma levels of IP-10, and plasma IL-8, may be associated with altered pain phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin F Bjurström
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Norman Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mikael Bodelsson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael R Irwin
- Norman Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Camilla Orbjörn
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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15
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Differential expression of cerebrospinal fluid neuroinflammatory mediators depending on osteoarthritis pain phenotype. Pain 2021; 161:2142-2154. [PMID: 32384383 PMCID: PMC7431139 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Distinct cerebrospinal fluid neuroinflammatory profiles may be associated with different objective characteristics of persistent pain in osteoarthritis patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Neuroinflammation is implicated in the development and maintenance of persistent pain states, but there are limited data linking cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory mediators with neurophysiological pain processes in humans. In a prospective observational study, CSF inflammatory mediators were compared between patients with osteoarthritis (OA) who were undergoing total hip arthroplasty due to disabling pain symptoms (n = 52) and pain-free comparison controls (n = 30). In OA patients only, detailed clinical examination and quantitative sensory testing were completed. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were analyzed for 10 proinflammatory mediators using Meso Scale Discovery platform. Compared to controls, OA patients had higher CSF levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) (P = 0.002), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (P = 0.007), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (P = 0.006). Osteoarthritis patients with central sensitization possibly indicated by arm pressure pain detection threshold <250 kPa showed significantly higher CSF levels of Fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (Flt-1) (P = 0.044) and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) (P = 0.024), as compared to subjects with PPDT above that threshold. In patients reporting pain numerical rating scale score ≥3/10 during peripheral venous cannulation, Flt-1 was elevated (P = 0.025), and in patients with punctate stimulus wind-up ratio ≥2, CSF monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 was higher (P = 0.011). Multiple logistic regression models showed that increased Flt-1 was associated with central sensitization, assessed by remote-site PPDT and peripheral venous cannulation pain, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 with temporal summation in the area of maximum pain. Multiple proinflammatory mediators measured in CSF are associated with persistent hip OA-related pain. Pain phenotype may be influenced by specific CSF neuroinflammatory profiles.
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16
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Grässel S, Zaucke F, Madry H. Osteoarthritis: Novel Molecular Mechanisms Increase Our Understanding of the Disease Pathology. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091938. [PMID: 33946429 PMCID: PMC8125020 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal condition that causes significant health and social problems worldwide, its exact etiology is still unclear. With an aging and increasingly obese population, OA is becoming even more prevalent than in previous decades. Up to 35% of the world’s population over 60 years of age suffers from symptomatic (painful, disabling) OA. The disease poses a tremendous economic burden on the health-care system and society for diagnosis, treatment, sick leave, rehabilitation, and early retirement. Most patients also experience sleep disturbances, reduced capability for exercising, lifting, and walking and are less capable of working, and maintaining an independent lifestyle. For patients, the major problem is disability, resulting from joint tissue destruction and pain. So far, there is no therapy available that effectively arrests structural deterioration of cartilage and bone or is able to successfully reverse any of the existing structural defects. Here, we elucidate novel concepts and hypotheses regarding disease progression and pathology, which are relevant for understanding underlying the molecular mechanisms as a prerequisite for future therapeutic approaches. Emphasis is placed on topographical modeling of the disease, the role of proteases and cytokines in OA, and the impact of the peripheral nervous system and its neuropeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Grässel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopaedics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), Bio Park 1, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
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17
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Li Y, Yang Y, Guo J, Guo X, Feng Z, Zhao X. Spinal NF-kB upregulation contributes to hyperalgesia in a rat model of advanced osteoarthritis. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920905691. [PMID: 31971058 PMCID: PMC7040927 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920905691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) pain is the most common joint pain. Currently, dysfunction in the central nervous system rather than knee joint degeneration is considered to be the major cause of chronic knee OA pain; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore whether spinal NF-κB plays a critical role in chronic knee OA pain. In this study, we used a model induced by the intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate. Spinal NF-κB and the phosphorylation and activation status of NF-κB p65/RelA (p-p65) were inhibited by the intrathecal injection of the inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate in this model. After behavioral assessment, the knee was dissected for histopathology, and the spinal cord was dissected and examined for NF-κB, p-p65, and cytokine expression. Furthermore, the quantity and activity of neurons, astrocytes, and microglial cells and their colocalization with p-p65 in the spinal dorsal horn were investigated. Our findings included the following: (1) histology, the pathological changes in the joints of the knee OA model were basically consistent with knee OA patients; (2) the protein and transcription levels of NF-κB/p65 and p-p65 increased before day 14, appeared to decrease on day 21 and increased again on day 28, and the tendency of weight bearing was similar; (3) on days 21 and 28, the intrathecal injection of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate markedly prevented the monosodium iodoacetate-induced reduction in the paw withdrawal threshold; (4) real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the expression of TNF-α and IL-33 was suppressed in the knee OA model by the intrathecal injection of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate; and (5) immunofluorescence revealed that astrocytes were activated and that p-p65 was mainly increased in astrocytes. Our findings indicate that the spinal NF-κB/p65 pathway in astrocytes modulates neuroimmunity in rat model of intra-articular monosodium iodoacetate-induced advanced OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunze Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Yang
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinwan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xuejiao Guo
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Feng
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuli Zhao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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18
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ChIP-seq Profiling Identifies Histone Deacetylase 2 Targeting Genes Involved in Immune and Inflammatory Regulation Induced by Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in Microglial Cells. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:4384696. [PMID: 32832570 PMCID: PMC7424498 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4384696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a mediator of microglial activation at the transcriptional level. The involvement of the epigenetic mechanism in this process is largely undefined. Histone deacetylase (HDAC)1/2 are considered important epigenetic regulators of gene expression in activated microglia. In this study, we examined the effect of CGRP on HDAC2-mediated gene transcription in microglial cells through the chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) method. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that mouse microglial cells (BV2) expressed CGRP receptor components. Treatment of microglia with CGRP increased HDAC2 protein expression. ChIP-seq data indicated that CGRP remarkably altered promoter enrichments of HDAC2 in microglial cells. We identified 1271 gene promoters, whose HDAC2 enrichments are significantly altered in microglia after CGRP treatment, including 1181 upregulating genes and 90 downregulating genes. Bioinformatics analyses showed that HDAC2-enriched genes were mainly associated with immune- and inflammation-related pathways, such as nitric oxide synthase (NOS) biosynthetic process, retinoic acid-inducible gene- (RIG-) like receptor signaling pathway, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. The expression of these key pathways (NOS, RIG-I, and NF-κB) were further verified by Western blot. Taken together, our findings suggest that genes with differential HDAC2 enrichments induced by CGRP function in diverse cellular pathways and many are involved in immune and inflammatory responses.
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Yan L, Zhou L, Xie D, Du W, Chen F, Yuan Q, Tong P, Shan L, Efferth T. Chondroprotective effects of platelet lysate towards monoiodoacetate-induced arthritis by suppression of TNF-α-induced activation of NF-ĸB pathway in chondrocytes. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:2797-2811. [PMID: 31089001 PMCID: PMC6535074 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Platelet lysate (PL) contains a cocktail of growth factors that actively participates in cartilage repair. This study was designed to determine the effect and mechanism of PL on osteoarthritis (OA). An arthritis model was established to mimic human OA by intra-articular injection of monoiodoacetate (MIA) to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The model was weekly treated with PL by intra-articular injection. Thermal withdrawal latency, mechanical withdrawal threshold, and treadmill gait were tested for pain behavior observation. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were conducted for evaluating cartilage degradation. Real time PCRs and Western blots were conducted to elucidate the mechanism of PL on primary chondrocytes. Results showed that, in vivo, PL significantly attenuated pain symptoms and exerted chondrocyte-protective and extracellular matrix (ECM)-modifying effect on the arthritic cartilage in a dose-dependent manner. The in situ expressions of type II Collagen (Col2) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (Mmp13) in the arthritic cartilage was abnormal and was restored by PL. In vitro, PL significantly restored tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)-suppressed anabolic gene expression (Col2 and aggrecan) and TNF-α-increased catabolic gene expression (Col10, Mmp13, Adamts5, and Adamts9) in chondrocytes. The effects were mediated by TNF-α downstream signaling, including inhibition of NF-κB and c-Jun activities. This study provides certain knowledge of anti-OA effect and TNF signaling-related mechanism of PL, placing it as a promising and alternative option for OA therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Stem Cell Translational Research, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Stem Cell Translational Research, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danting Xie
- Center for Stem Cell Translational Research, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxi Du
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangming Chen
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peijian Tong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Letian Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Stem Cell Translational Research, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Kawarai Y, Orita S, Nakamura J, Miyamoto S, Suzuki M, Inage K, Hagiwara S, Suzuki T, Nakajima T, Akazawa T, Ohtori S. Analgesic Effect of Duloxetine on an Animal Model of Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Hip Osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:422-430. [PMID: 31538672 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the efficacy of duloxetine on hyperalgesia, histopathological and radiographic findings, pain-related sensory innervation of dorsal-root ganglia (DRG), and spinal changes in a rat model of induced hip osteoarthritis (OA). The right hip joints of male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6 rats/group) in the Sham group were injected with 25 μl of sterile saline and 25 μl of sterile saline with 2 mg of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) were injected to the MIA + Vehicle and MIA + Duloxetine groups. We injected duloxetine 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally in the MIA + Duloxetine group 28 days after injection, whereas rats in the MIA + Vehicle group were injected with 0.5 ml of 20% dimethyl sulfoxide. We assessed hyperalgesia, histopathological changes, immunoreactive (-ir) neurons for calcitonin gene-related peptide and activating transcription factor 3 in DRG, and immunoreactive neurons for ionized-calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. MIA administration into the hip joint let to mechanical hyperalgesia of the ipsilateral hind paw (p < 0.05). A single injection of duloxetine significantly attenuated it in induced hip OA (p < 0.05) and suppressed the number of Iba1-ir microglia of the ipsilateral dorsal horn (p < 0.05). These results suggest that a single injection of duloxetine suppressed mechanical hyperalgesia and may influence the expression of Iba1 in the microglia of the ipsilateral dorsal horn in the MIA-induced hip OA. This finding implies the inhibitory effects of duloxetine against neuropathic pain, which may lead to a change of microglial activities. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:422-430, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Kawarai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Sumihisa Orita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Shuichi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Matsudo City General Hospital, 993-1 Sendabori, Matsudo, Chiba, 270-2296, Japan
| | - Miyako Suzuki
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Inage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Shigeo Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Takane Suzuki
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakajima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, 3-6-2 Okayamadai, Togane, Chiba, 283-8686, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Akazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
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Banki L, Büki A, Horvath G, Kekesi G, Kis G, Somogyvári F, Jancsó G, Vécsei L, Varga E, Tuboly G. Distinct changes in chronic pain sensitivity and oxytocin receptor expression in a new rat model (Wisket) of schizophrenia. Neurosci Lett 2020; 714:134561. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Korotkyi O, Vovk A, Galenova T, Vovk T, Dvorschenko K, Luzza F, Abenavoli L, Kobyliak N, Falalyeyeva T, Ostapchenko L. Effect of probiotic on serum cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases profiles during monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats. MINERVA BIOTECNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.23736/s1120-4826.19.02548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
CGRP has long been suspected as a mediator of arthritis pain, although evidence that CGRP directly mediates human musculoskeletal pain remains circumstantial. This chapter describes in depth the evidence surrounding CGRP's association with pain in musculoskeletal disorders and also summarises evidence for CGRP being a direct cause of pain in other conditions. CGRP-immunoreactive nerves are present in musculoskeletal tissues, and CGRP expression is altered in musculoskeletal pain. CGRP modulates musculoskeletal pain through actions both in the periphery and central nervous system. Human observational studies, research on animal arthritis models and the few reported randomised controlled trials in humans of treatments that target CGRP provide the context of CGRP as a possible pain biomarker or mediator in conditions other than migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Walsh
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre and Division of ROD, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- Rheumatology, Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottinghamshire, UK.
| | - Daniel F McWilliams
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre and Division of ROD, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Ajeeshkumar KK, Vishnu KV, Navaneethan R, Raj K, Remyakumari KR, Swaminathan TR, Suseela M, Asha KK, Sreekanth GP. Proteoglycans isolated from the bramble shark cartilage show potential anti-osteoarthritic properties. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:175-187. [PMID: 30600472 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-00554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) causes articular cartilage destruction, initiating pain and inflammation in the joints, resulting in joint disability. Medications are available to manage these symptoms; however, their effects on the disease progression are limited. Loss of proteoglycans (PGs) was reported to contribute articular cartilage destruction in OA. Therapeutics approaches were previously studied in the animal models of OA. In the present study, we investigated the oral efficacy of four dosages of PGs (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg), isolated from the bramble shark cartilage, in an animal model of OA. Indomethacin was used as a bioequivalent formulation. Primarily, the mass spectrum analysis of the purified PGs obtained from bramble shark cartilage revealed the presence of two unique peptides including AGWLSDGSVR and LDGNPINLSK, that showed sequence similarity with aggrecan core-protein and epiphycan, respectively. The levels of C-reactive protein and uric acid in the OA rats were reduced when treated with PGs. Histopathology analysis displayed less cartilage erosion and neovascularization in OA rats treated with PGs. The X-ray imaging presented higher bone density with 200 mg/kg dosage of PG treatment in OA rats. The expressions of the inflammatory modulators including TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP13, NOS2, IL-10 and COX-2 were found to be moderated with PG treatment. In addition, PG treatment maintained the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD and catalase in the joint tissues with a higher GSH content, in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, our preliminary findings report the anti-osteoarthritic properties of PGs and recommend to evaluate its efficacy and safety in randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kalladath Venugopal Vishnu
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Raju Navaneethan
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Kumar Raj
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, CMFRI Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | | | - Thangaraj Raja Swaminathan
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, CMFRI Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Mathew Suseela
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Kurukkan Kunnath Asha
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.
| | - Gopinathan Pillai Sreekanth
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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