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Siddiqui MH, Khan MN, Mukherjee S, Alamri S, Basahi RA, Al-Amri AA, Alsubaie QD, Al-Munqedhi BMA, Ali HM, Almohisen IAA. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) and potassium (K +) synergistically induce drought stress tolerance through regulation of H +-ATPase activity, sugar metabolism, and antioxidative defense in tomato seedlings. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1543-1564. [PMID: 34142217 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02731-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous potassium (K+) and endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synergistically alleviate drought stress through regulating H+-ATPase activity, sugar metabolism and redox homoeostasis in tomato seedlings. Present work evaluates the role of K+ in the regulation of endogenous H2S signaling in modulating the tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. Mill.) seedlings to drought stress. The findings reveal that exposure of seedlings to 15% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG) led to a substantial decrease in leaf K+ content which was associated with reduced H+-ATPase activity. Treatment with sodium orthovanadate (SOV, PM H+-ATPase inhibitor) and tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA, K+ channel blocker) suggests that exogenous K+ stimulated H+-ATPase activity that further regulated endogenous K+ content in tomato seedlings subjected to drought stress. Moreover, reduction in H+-ATPase activity by hypotaurine (HT; H2S scavenger) substantiates the role of endogenous H2S in the regulation of H+-ATPase activity. Elevation in endogenous K+ content enhanced the biosynthesis of H2S through enhancing the synthesis of cysteine, the H2S precursor. Synergistic action of H2S and K+ effectively neutralized drought stress by regulating sugar metabolism and redox homoeostasis that resulted in osmotic adjustment, as witnessed by reduced water loss, and improved hydration level of the stressed seedlings. The integrative role of endogenous H2S in K+ homeostasis was validated using HT and TEA which weakened the protection against drought stress induced impairments. In conclusion, exogenous K+ and endogenous H2S regulate H+-ATPase activity which plays a decisive role in the maintenance of endogenous K+ homeostasis. Thus, present work reveals that K+ and H2S crosstalk is essential for modulation of drought stress tolerance in tomato seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Nasir Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh A Basahi
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Amri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasi D Alsubaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander M A Al-Munqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A A Almohisen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra, P. O. Box 33, Quwayiyah, 11961, Saudi Arabia
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Fernando DR, Marshall AT, Green PT. Cellular ion interactions in two endemic tropical rainforest species of a novel metallophytic tree genus. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 38:119-128. [PMID: 28981909 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gossia, a small genus of physiologically novel rainforest trees restricted to the Western Pacific and belonging to a key neotropical Southern Hemisphere family, the Myrtaceae, is characterized by high foliar manganese (Mn) concentrations. This field study provides a quantitative in planta snapshot detailing cellular localization of foliar Mn and other mineral nutrients in sympatric Gossia grayi N. Snow & Guymer and Gossia shepherdii N. Snow & Guymer endemic to far northeastern Australia, and previously not examined. Elements localized in the cells of fresh hydrated leaf tissues were quantified via in vivo cryo-scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy, a non-invasive method that effectively immobilizes cell contents. Leaf anatomical differences were found between species, along with foliar Mn spatial distribution patterns. Localized cellular Mn concentrations exceeding 600 mmol kg-1 were detected in G. shepherdii, whose Mn accumulation across different mesophyll cell types was heterogeneous compared with G. grayi. In both species there was little evidence to support previous findings on other Gossia species of carboxylate association with excess Mn. The analytical X-ray data strongly implicated chloride as a counter-ion to Mn in the two species examined here. The key findings align with the hypothesis that Mn disposal in the mesophyll is a generic trait in Gossia. This research has forged an emerging view of Gossia as being characterized by unusual cellular metal and mineral accumulation patterns that vary at the species level. It contributes to current limited knowledge about generic plant metallophyty, highlighting that assimilating a broader perspective of the phenomenon demands evaluation of individual taxa through field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise R Fernando
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia
| | - Alan T Marshall
- Analytical Electron Microscopy Laboratory, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia
| | - Peter T Green
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia
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Hosseini SA, Hajirezaei MR, Seiler C, Sreenivasulu N, von Wirén N. A Potential Role of Flag Leaf Potassium in Conferring Tolerance to Drought-Induced Leaf Senescence in Barley. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:206. [PMID: 26955376 PMCID: PMC4768371 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Terminal drought stress decreases crop yields by inducing abscisic acid (ABA) and premature leaf senescence. As potassium (K) is known to interfere with ABA homeostasis we addressed the question whether there is genetic variability regarding the role of K nutrition in ABA homeostasis and drought tolerance. To compare their response to drought stress, two barley lines contrasting in drought-induced leaf senescence were grown in a pot experiment under high and low K supply for the analysis of flag leaves from the same developmental stage. Relative to the drought-sensitive line LPR, the line HPR retained more K in its flag leaves under low K supply and showed delayed flag leaf senescence under terminal drought stress. High K retention was further associated with a higher leaf water status, a higher concentration of starch and other primary carbon metabolites. With regard to ABA homeostasis, HPR accumulated less ABA but higher levels of the ABA degradation products phaseic acid (PA) and dehydro-PA. Under K deficiency this went along with higher transcript levels of ABA8'-HYDROXYLASE, encoding a key enzyme in ABA degradation. The present study provides evidence for a positive impact of the K nutritional status on ABA homeostasis and carbohydrate metabolism under drought stress. We conclude that genotypes with a high K nutritional status in the flag leaf show superior drought tolerance by promoting ABA degradation but attenuating starch degradation which delays flag leaf senescence. Flag leaf K levels may thus represent a useful trait for the selection of drought-tolerant barley cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed A. Hosseini
- Molecular Plant Nutrition Group, Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Mohammad R. Hajirezaei
- Molecular Plant Nutrition Group, Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Christiane Seiler
- Abiotic Stress Genomics Group, Molecular Genetics, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Abiotic Stress Genomics Group, Molecular Genetics, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition Group, Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
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Erel R, Ben-Gal A, Dag A, Schwartz A, Yermiyahu U. Sodium replacement of potassium in physiological processes of olive trees (var. Barnea) as affected by drought. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 34:1102-17. [PMID: 25281842 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpu081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) is a macro-nutrient understood to play a role in the physiological performance of plants under drought. In some plant species, sodium (Na) can partially substitute K. Although a beneficial role of Na is well established, information regarding its nutritional role in trees is scant and its function under conditions of drought is not fully understood. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of K and its possible replacement by Na in olive's (Olea europaea L.) response to drought. Young and bearing olive trees were grown in soilless culture and exposed to gradual drought. In the presence of Na, trees were tolerant of extremely low K concentrations. Depletion of K and Na resulted in ∼50% reduction in CO2 assimilation rate when compared with sufficiently fertilized control plants. Sodium was able to replace K and recover the assimilation rate to nearly optimum level. The inhibitory effect of K deficiency on photosynthesis was more pronounced under high stomatal conductance. Potassium was not found to facilitate drought tolerance mechanisms in olives. Moreover, stomatal control machinery was not significantly impaired by K deficiency, regardless of water availability. Under drought, leaf water potential was affected by K and Na. High environmental K and Na increased leaf starch content and affected the soluble carbohydrate profile in a similar manner. These results identify olive as a species capable of partly replacing K by Na. The nutritional effect of K and Na was shown to be independent of plant water status. The beneficial effect of Na on photosynthesis and carbohydrates under insufficient K indicates a positive role of Na in metabolism and photosynthetic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Erel
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Mobile Post Negev 85-280, Israel The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Ben-Gal
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Mobile Post Negev 85-280, Israel
| | - Arnon Dag
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Mobile Post Negev 85-280, Israel
| | - Amnon Schwartz
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Uri Yermiyahu
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Mobile Post Negev 85-280, Israel
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Fernando DR, Woodrow IE, Baker AJM, Marshall AT. Plant homeostasis of foliar manganese sinks: specific variation in hyperaccumulators. PLANTA 2012; 236:1459-70. [PMID: 22772585 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant manganese (Mn) hyperaccumulation provides unusual insight into homeostasis of this essential micronutrient, in particular its excessive storage in shoot tissues. The compartmentation of hyperaccumulated foliar Mn appears exceptional among metal hyperaccumulators, since it occurs via specific microdistribution patterns. Here, three associated Mn hyperaccumulators, Virotia neurophylla, Maytenus fournieri, and Garcinia amplexicaulis exhibiting distinctly different Mn detoxification strategies were examined. Non-invasive sample preparation in conjunction with cryo scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to obtain in vivo quantitative microprobe X-ray and anatomical data from fully hydrated cells. Highly vacuolated large palisade mesophyll cells in V. neurophylla leaves were found to contain around 650 mM Mn. The large non-photosynthetic hypodermal cells of M. fournieri leaves, also with high vacuolar content, and the main site for Mn disposal, had an estimated mean vacuolar Mn concentration of around 600 mM. Previous qualitative X-ray mapping had shown Mn to be almost evenly sequestered across the entire leaf cross section of G. amplexicaulis. However, quantitative data obtained here showed a marked variation in localised concentrations that ranged between ~15 and >800 mM. Notable among these were mean values of >600 mM in spongy mesophyll cells, and ~800 mM within cells of a narrow sub epidermal layer preceding the palisade mesophyll. This study demonstrated the extraordinary Mn carrying capacities of different types of leaf cell vacuoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise R Fernando
- The Department of Botany, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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Bâ AM, Duponnois R, Moyersoen B, Diédhiou AG. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis of tropical African trees. MYCORRHIZA 2012; 22:1-29. [PMID: 21989710 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-011-0415-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The diversity, ecology and function of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi and ectomycorrhizas (ECMs) on tropical African tree species are reviewed here. While ECMs are the most frequent mycorrhizal type in temperate and boreal forests, they concern an economically and ecologically important minority of plants in African tropical forests. In these African tropical forests, ECMs are found mainly on caesalpionioid legumes, Sarcolaenaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Asterpeiaceae, Phyllantaceae, Sapotaceae, Papilionoideae, Gnetaceae and Proteaceae, and distributed in open, gallery and rainforests of the Guineo-Congolian basin, Zambezian Miombo woodlands of East and South-Central Africa and Sudanian savannah woodlands of the sub-sahara. Overall, EM status was confirmed in 93 (26%) among 354 tree species belonging to EM genera. In addition, 195 fungal taxa were identified using morphological descriptions and sequencing of the ML5/ML6 fragment of sporocarps and ECMs from West Africa. Analyses of the belowground EM fungal communities mostly based on fungal internal transcribed spacer sequences of ECMs from Continental Africa, Madagascar and the Seychelles also revealed more than 350 putative species of EM fungi belonging mainly to 18 phylogenetic lineages. As in temperate forests, the /russula-lactarius and /tomentella-thelephora lineages dominated EM fungal flora in tropical Africa. A low level of host preference and dominance of multi-host fungal taxa on different African adult tree species and their seedlings were revealed, suggesting a potential for the formation of common ectomycorrhizal networks. Moreover, the EM inoculum potential in terms of types and density of propagules (spores, sclerotia, EM root fragments and fragments of mycelia strands) in the soil allowed opportunistic root colonisation as well as long-term survival in the soil during the dry season. These are important characteristics when choosing an EM fungus for field application. In this respect, Thelephoroid fungal sp. XM002, an efficient and competitive broad host range EM fungus, possessed these characteristics and appeared to be a good candidate for artificial inoculation of Caesalps and Phyllanthaceae seedlings in nurseries. However, further efforts should be made to assess the genetic and functional diversity of African EM fungi as well as the EM status of unstudied plant species and to strengthen the use of efficient and competitive EM fungi to improve production of ecologically and economically important African multipurpose trees in plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadou M Bâ
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/UCAD/ISRA, (LCM), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, Dakar, Sénégal.
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Benlloch-González M, Arquero O, Fournier JM, Barranco D, Benlloch M. K(+) starvation inhibits water-stress-induced stomatal closure. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2008; 165:623-30. [PMID: 17723253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Revised: 05/17/2007] [Accepted: 05/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The effect of potassium starvation on stomatal conductance was studied in olive trees and sunflower plants, two major crops with greatly differing botanical characteristics. In both species, K(+) starvation inhibited water-stress-induced stomatal closure. In olive trees, potassium starvation favoured stomatal conductance and transpiration, as well as inhibiting shoot growth, in the three cultivars studied: 'Lechín de Granada', 'Arbequina' and 'Chetoui'. However, 'Lechín de Granada' - generally considered more drought-tolerant than 'Arbequina' and 'Chetoui' - proved less susceptible to potassium starvation. Results for olive trees also suggest genetic variability in olive cultivars in relation to potassium requirements for stem growth and the regulation of water transpiration. The results obtained suggest that inhibition of the stomatal closure mechanism produced by moderate potassium starvation is a widespread plant physiological disorder, and may be the cause of tissue dehydration in many water-stressed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Benlloch-González
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
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M. Hussein M, M. Shaaban M, M. El-Saad AK. Response of Cowpea Plants Grown Under Salinity Stress to PK-Foliar Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3923/ajpp.2008.81.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Diédhiou AG, Guèye O, Diabaté M, Prin Y, Duponnois R, Dreyfus B, Bâ AM. Contrasting responses to ectomycorrhizal inoculation in seedlings of six tropical African tree species. MYCORRHIZA 2005; 16:11-17. [PMID: 16007470 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-005-0007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2004] [Accepted: 05/23/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Five caesalpinioid legumes, Afzelia africana, Afzelia bella, Anthonotha macrophylla, Cryptosepalum tetraphylum and Paramacrolobium coeruleum, and one Euphorbiaceae species, Uapaca somon, with a considerable range in seed sizes, exhibited different responses to inoculation by four species of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, Scleroderma dictyosporum, S. verrucosum, Pisolithus sp. and one thelephoroid sp. in greenhouse conditions. Thelephoroid sp. efficiently colonized seedlings of all of the five caesalpinioid legumes except U. somon, but provided no more growth benefit than the other fungi. Thelephoroid sp. and S. dictyosporum colonized seedlings of U. somon poorly, but stimulated plant growth more than the other fungi. The relative mycorrhizal dependency (RMD) values of the caesalpinioid legumes were never higher than 50%, whilst U. somon had RMD values ranging from 84.6 to 88.6%, irrespective of the fungal species. The RMD values were negatively related to seed mass for all plant species. Potassium concentrations in leaves were more closely related than phosphorus to the stimulation of seedling biomass production by the ECM fungi. Our data support the hypothesis that African caesalpinioid legumes and euphorbe tree species with smaller seeds show higher RMD values than those with the larger seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Diédhiou
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie, IRD/UCAD/ISRA, BP 1386, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD, INRA, AGRO-M, CIRAD, UM2, TA10/J, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier cedex, France
| | - O Guèye
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie, IRD/UCAD/ISRA, BP 1386, Dakar, Senegal
| | - M Diabaté
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD, INRA, AGRO-M, CIRAD, UM2, TA10/J, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier cedex, France
- Institut de Recherche Agronomique de Guinée, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Y Prin
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD, INRA, AGRO-M, CIRAD, UM2, TA10/J, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier cedex, France
| | - R Duponnois
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD, INRA, AGRO-M, CIRAD, UM2, TA10/J, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier cedex, France
| | - B Dreyfus
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD, INRA, AGRO-M, CIRAD, UM2, TA10/J, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier cedex, France
| | - A M Bâ
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Végétales, Equipe d'accueil DYNECAR (EA 926), Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, BP 592, 97159, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France.
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