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Ahmed AA, Morshedizad M, Kühn O, Leinweber P. Deciphering competitive interactions: Phosphate and organic matter binding on goethite through experimental and theoretical insights. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173510. [PMID: 38806124 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The adsorption of phosphorus (P) onto active soil surfaces plays a pivotal role in immobilizing P, thereby influencing soil fertility and the filter function of soil to protect freshwater systems from eutrophication. Competitive anions, such as organic matter (OM), significantly affect the strength of this P-binding, eventually controlling P mobility and release, but surprisingly, these processes are insufficiently understood at the molecular level. In this study, we provide a molecular-level perspective on the influence of OM on P binding at the goethite-water interface using a combined experimental-theoretical approach. By examining the impact of citric acid (CIT) and histidine (HIS) on the adsorption of orthophosphate (OP), glycerol phosphate (GP), and inositol hexaphosphate (IHP) through adsorption experiments and molecular dynamics simulations, we address fundamental questions regarding P binding trends, OM interaction with the goethite surface, and the effect of OM on P adsorption. Our findings reveal the complex nature of P adsorption on goethite surfaces, where the specific OM, treatment conditions (covering the surface with OM or simultaneous co-adsorption), and initial concentrations collectively shape these interactions. P adsorption on goethite exhibits a binding strength increasing in the order of GP < OP < IHP. Crucially, this trend remains consistent across all adsorption experiments, regardless of the presence or absence of OM, CIT, or HIS, and irrespective of the specific treatment method. Notably, OP is particularly susceptible to inhibition by OM, while adsorption of GP depends on specific OM treatments. Despite being less sensitive to OM, IHP shows reduced adsorption, especially at higher initial P concentrations. Of significance is the strong inhibitory effect of CIT, particularly evident when the surface is pre-covered, resulting in a substantial 70 % reduction in OP adsorption compared to bare goethite. The sequence of goethite binding affinity to P and OM underscores a higher affinity of CIT and HIS compared to OP and GP, suggesting that OM can effectively compete with both OP and GP and replace them at the surface. In contrast, the impact of OM on IHP adsorption appears insignificant, as IHP exhibits a higher affinity than both CIT and HIS towards the goethite surface. The coverage of goethite surfaces with OM results in the blocking of active sites and the generation of an unfavorable electric potential and field, inhibiting anion adsorption and consequently reducing P binding. It is noteworthy that electrostatic interactions predominantly contribute more to the binding of P and OM to the surface compared to dispersion interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashour A Ahmed
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Mohsen Morshedizad
- Chair of Soil Science, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Oliver Kühn
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Peter Leinweber
- Chair of Soil Science, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
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Yang S, White B, de Santana FB, Hall RL, Daly K. Comparing the potential of benchtop and handheld mid-infrared spectrometers for predicting soil phosphorus (P) sorption capacity and evaluating the influence of sample preparation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 322:124856. [PMID: 39047667 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Traditional soil phosphorus (P) sorption capacity is examined from a Langmuir isotherm batch technique, which is time-consuming, labour intensive and generates chemical waste. In this work, we provide an efficient and convenient technique with MIR spectroscopy to predict the Langmuir parameter of soil P sorption maximum capacity (Smax, mg·kg-1). Four spectral libraries from benchtop (Bruker) and handheld (Agilent) MIR spectrometers were built with samples in two particle size ranges, <0.100 mm (ball-milled) and <2 mm. respectively. Using an archive of samples with a database of sorption parameters, soils were classified into 'low' and 'high' sorption capacities. Chemometric regression models of partial least squares (PLS), Cubist, support vector machine (SVM) regression and random forest (RF) were evaluated for Smax prediction. Bruker spectral libraries with both soil particle sizes yielded 'excellent models', with SVM predicting Smax values with high accuracy (RPIQV = 4.50 and 4.25 for the spectral libraries of the ball-milled and <2 mm samples, respectively). In comparison, the Agilent handheld spectral libraries contained more noise and less resolution. For Agilent MIR spectroscopy, more homogeneous samples after ball milling resulted in a higher accurate Smax prediction. For Agilent libraries of ball-milled samples, an 'approximate quantitative model' (RPIQV = 2.74) was obtained from the raw spectra using the Cubist algorithm. However, for Agilent spectroscopy of <2 mm samples, the best performing Cubist algorithm can only achieve a 'fair model' (RPIQV=2.23) with the potential to discriminate between 'low' and 'high' Smax values. The results suggest that the benchtop spectrometer can predict the Langmuir Smax value with high accuracy without the need to ball mill samples. However, the handheld spectrometer can only make approximate quantitative predictions of Smax for ball-milled samples. For <2 mm samples, Agilent can only be used to classify 'low' and 'high' sorption capacity soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Yang
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Research Centre, Wexford Y35 TC97, Ireland; DCU Water Institute, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9 D09 E432, Ireland
| | - Blánaid White
- DCU Water Institute, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9 D09 E432, Ireland
| | - Felipe B de Santana
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Research Centre, Wexford Y35 TC97, Ireland
| | - Rebecca L Hall
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Research Centre, Wexford Y35 TC97, Ireland
| | - Karen Daly
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Research Centre, Wexford Y35 TC97, Ireland.
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Négrel P, Ladenberger A, Reimann C, Birke M, Demetriades A, Sadeghi M. GEMAS: Phosphorus in European agricultural soil - sources versus sinks at the continental-scale - the geological perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172524. [PMID: 38641093 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements for life on Earth. As a major nutrient it is needed for healthy growth both in plants and living organisms. Although the abundance of P in the Earth's upper continental crust is relatively high (655 mg/kg), many soil types are poor in available phosphorus. The main natural factors controlling the availability of P in soil are pH, mineralogy, and formation of insoluble complexes with Al and Fe under acidic, and with Ca and Mg under alkaline soil conditions. Superimposed weathering processes and climate contribute strongly to P mobility and availability. Additionally, a large fraction of total soil P is in organic forms, which are not directly available to plants. Phosphorus is a major component in fertilisers and thus a significant source of anthropogenic P in soil and water. In the agricultural soil samples that were collected during the Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural and grazing land Soil (GEMAS) project, the total P concentrations (XRF, median 786 m/kg) are only slightly higher than those extracted by hot aqua regia (AR, median 653 mg/kg), while the median concentration in the weak MMI® cold extraction is as low as 4.1 mg/kg. The AR results show very low P concentrations over the coarse-grained sandy sediments of the last glaciation in central and northern Europe and in calcareous soil. The southern limit of the last glaciation is visible as a concentration break on the geochemical maps. In general, north-eastern and north-western Europe are marked by high P values, probably related to cold and humid climate and enrichment in humus-rich coastal soil. The spatial distribution of P at the continental-scale is dominated by geogenic and climatic factors, and the anthropogenic influence is difficult to assess and quantify.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Ladenberger
- Geological Survey of Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, 752-36 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | - Manfred Birke
- Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Stillweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alecos Demetriades
- Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration, 1 Spirou Louis St., Olympic Village, Acharnae, 13677 Athens, Greece
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Vinod A, Prasad AK, Mishra S, Purkait B, Mukherjee S, Shukla A, Desinayak N, Sarkar BC, Varma AK. A novel multi-model estimation of phosphorus in coal and its ash using FTIR spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13785. [PMID: 38877173 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The level of phosphorus must be carefully monitored for proper and effective utilization of coal and coal ash. The phosphorus content needs to be assessed to optimize combustion efficiency and maintenance costs of power plants, ensure quality, and minimize the environmental impact of coal and coal ash. The detection of low levels of phosphorus in coal and coal ash is a significant challenge due to its complex chemical composition and low concentration levels. Effective monitoring requires accurate and sensitive equipment for the detection of phosphorus in coal and coal ash. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a commonly used analytical technique for the determination of phosphorus content in coal and coal ash samples but proves challenging due to their comparatively weak fluorescence intensity. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) emerges as a promising alternative that is simple, rapid, and cost-effective. However, research in this area has been limited. Until now, only a limited number of research studies have outlined the estimation of major elements in coal, predominantly relying on FTIR spectroscopy. In this article, we explore the potential of FTIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning models (piecewise linear regression-PLR, partial least square regression-PLSR, random forest-RF, and support vector regression-SVR) for quantifying the phosphorus content in coal and coal ash. For model development, the methodology employs the mid-infrared absorption peak intensity levels of phosphorus-specific functional groups and anionic groups of phosphate minerals at various working concentration ranges of coal and coal ash. This paper proposes a multi-model estimation (using PLR, PLSR, and RF) approach based on FTIR spectral data to detect and rapidly estimate low levels of phosphorus in coal and its ash (R2 of 0.836, RMSE of 0.735 ppm, RMSE (%) of 34.801, MBE of - 0.077 ppm, MBE (%) of 5.499, and MAE of 0.528 ppm in coal samples and R2 of 0.803, RMSE of 0.676 ppm, RMSE (%) of 38.050, MBE of - 0.118 ppm, MBE (%) of 4.501, and MAE of 0.474 ppm in coal ash samples). Our findings suggest that FTIR combined with the multi-model approach combining PLR, PLSR, and RF regression models is a reliable tool for rapid and near-real-time measurement of phosphorus in coal and coal ash and can be suitably modified to model phosphorus content in other natural samples such as soil, shale, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Vinod
- Photogeology and Image Processing Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Anup Krishna Prasad
- Photogeology and Image Processing Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
- Geocomputational and GIS Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
| | - Sameeksha Mishra
- Photogeology and Image Processing Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Bitan Purkait
- Photogeology and Image Processing Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Shailayee Mukherjee
- Photogeology and Image Processing Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
- Geocomputational and GIS Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Anubhav Shukla
- Photogeology and Image Processing Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
- Coal Geology and Organic Petrology Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | | | - Bhabesh Chandra Sarkar
- Geocomputational and GIS Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Atul Kumar Varma
- Coal Geology and Organic Petrology Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
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5
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Risch HT, Wagner PD, Hörmann G, Fohrer N. Examining characteristics and sampling methods of phosphor dynamics in lowland catchments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:33464-33481. [PMID: 38683424 PMCID: PMC11136749 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Despite over two decades since the EU Water Framework Directive have passed, achieving the desired water quality in German surface waters remains challenging, regardless of efforts to reduce phosphorus inputs and associated environmental impacts. This study aims at analyzing the characteristics governing the concentrations of four key water quality parameters (total phosphorus, orthophosphate, particulate phosphate, and suspended solids) in two lowland catchments: the 50 km2 catchment of the Kielstau, Germany, and its 7 km2 tributary, the Moorau, which are dominated by agricultural land use. To this end, different sampling methods, particularly high-resolution precipitation event-based sampling and daily mixed samples, are conducted and evaluated, and their effectiveness is compared. The identification of sources and characteristics that affect phosphorus and suspended sediment dynamics, both in general and specifically during heavy precipitation events, is one focus of the study. Over a 15-year period, increasing concentrations of these parameters were observed in daily mixed samples, exhibiting distinct seasonal patterns-higher in summer and lower in winter-consistent with lowland catchment behavior. Particularly during heavy precipitation events, the smaller catchment exhibits a more complex and less predictable response to chemical concentrations compared with the dilution effect observed in the larger catchment. The results underline the complexity of phosphorus dynamics in small catchments and emphasize the importance of event-based sampling for capturing short-term concentration peaks for all four parameters, particularly beneficial regarding measuring suspended solids. While daily mixed samples capture average phosphorus concentrations, event-based sampling is crucial for detecting short-term spikes, providing a more comprehensive understanding of phosphorus dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike T Risch
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Paul D Wagner
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Georg Hörmann
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicola Fohrer
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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6
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Gianniny G, Stark JM, Abbott BW, Lee R, Brahney J. Soil temperature and moisture as key controls of phosphorus export in mountain watersheds. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:170958. [PMID: 38365042 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Oligotrophic mountain lakes act as sensitive indicators of landscape-scale changes in mountain regions due to their low nutrient concentration and remote, relatively undisturbed watersheds. Recent research shows that phosphorus (P) concentrations are increasing in mountain lakes around the world, creating more mesotrophic states and altering lake ecosystem structure and function. The relative importance of atmospheric deposition and climate-driven changes to local biogeochemistry in driving these shifts is not well established. In this study, we test whether increasing temperatures in watershed soils may be contributing to the observed increases in mountain lake P loading. Specifically, we test whether higher soil temperatures increase P mobilization from mountain soils by accelerating the rate of geochemical weathering and soil organic matter decomposition. We used paired soil incubation (lab) and soil transplant (field) experiments with mountain soils from around the western United States to test the effects of warming on rain-leachable P concentration, soil P mobilization, and soil respiration. Our results show that while higher temperature can increase soil P mobilization, low soil moisture can limit the effects of warming in some situations. Soils with lower bulk densities, higher pH, lower aluminum oxide contents, and lower ratios of carbon to nitrogen had much higher rain-leachable P concentration across all sites and experimental treatments. Together, these results suggest that mountain watersheds with high-P soils and relatively high soil moisture could have the largest increases in P mobilization with warming. Consequently, lakes and streams in such watersheds could become especially susceptible to soil-driven eutrophication as temperatures rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Gianniny
- Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States of America.
| | - John M Stark
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States of America
| | - Benjamin W Abbott
- Department of Plant & Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States of America
| | - Raymond Lee
- Department of Plant & Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States of America
| | - Janice Brahney
- Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States of America
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Mohy-Ud-Din W, Bashir S, Akhtar MJ, Asghar HMN, Ghafoor U, Hussain MM, Niazi NK, Chen F, Ali Q. Glyphosate in the environment: interactions and fate in complex soil and water settings, and (phyto) remediation strategies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 26:816-837. [PMID: 37994831 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2282720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (Gly) and its formulations are broad-spectrum herbicides globally used for pre- and post-emergent weed control. Glyphosate has been applied to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Critics have claimed that Gly-treated plants have altered mineral nutrition and increased susceptibility to plant pathogens because of Gly ability to chelate divalent metal cations. Still, the complete resistance of Gly indicates that chelation of metal cations does not play a role in herbicidal efficacy or have a substantial impact on mineral nutrition. Due to its extensive and inadequate use, this herbicide has been frequently detected in soil (2 mg kg-1, European Union) and in stream water (328 µg L-1, USA), mostly in surface (7.6 µg L-1, USA) and groundwater (2.5 µg L-1, Denmark). International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) already classified Gly as a category 2 A carcinogen in 2016. Therefore, it is necessary to find the best degradation techniques to remediate soil and aquatic environments polluted with Gly. This review elucidates the effects of Gly on humans, soil microbiota, plants, algae, and water. This review develops deeper insight toward the advances in Gly biodegradation using microbial communities. This review provides a thorough understanding of Gly interaction with mineral elements and its limitations by interfering with the plants biochemical and morphological attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Mohy-Ud-Din
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, D. G. Khan Pakistan
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of MD Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Safdar Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, D. G. Khan Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Javed Akhtar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | - Umber Ghafoor
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Kala Shah Kaku, Pakistan
| | | | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of MD Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Ghosh A, Biswas DR, Bhattacharyya R, Das S, Das TK, Lal K, Saha S, Koli P, Shi R, Alam K, Ren Y. Rice residue promotes mobilisation and plant acquisition of soil phosphorus under wheat (Triticum aestivum)-rice (Oryza sativa) cropping sequence in a semi-arid Inceptisol. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17545. [PMID: 37845251 PMCID: PMC10579330 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disposal of significant tonnages of rice straw is expensive, but using it to mobilise phosphorus (P) from inorganically fixed pools in the soil may add value. This study was carried out to determine whether the use of rice straw mixed with phosphorus-solubilizing microbes could solubilize a sizable portion fixed soil P and affect P transformation, silicon (Si) concentration, organic acid concentrations, and enzyme activity to increase plant growth. Depending on the soil temperature, the application of rice straw at 12 Mg ha-1 with phosphorus-solubilizing microbes could solubilize 3.4-3.6% of inorganic P, and minimised the hysteresis impact by 6-8%. At plant maturity, application of rice straw at 12 Mg ha-1 with phosphorus-solubilizing microbes and 75% of recommended P application raised the activity of dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase activity, cellulase, and peroxidase by 77, 65, 87, and 82% in soil, respectively. It also boosted Si concentration in the soil by 58%. Wheat grain yield was 40% and 18% higher under rice straw at 12 Mg ha-1 with phosphorus-solubilizing microbes with 75% of recommended P application than under no and 100% P application, respectively. Rice grain yield also increased significantly with the same treatment. Additionally, it increased root volume, length, and P uptake by 2.38, 1.74 and 1.62-times above control for wheat and 1.98, 1.67, and 2.06-times above control for rice, respectively. According to path analysis, P solubilisation by Si and organic acids considerably increased (18-32%) P availability in the rhizosphere. Therefore, cultivators could be advised to use rice straw at 12 Mg ha-1 with phosphorus-solubilizing microbes with 75% P of mineral P fertiliser to save 25% P fertiliser without reducing wheat and rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Ghosh
- ICAR -Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
- ICAR -Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, 284 003, India.
| | | | | | - Shrila Das
- ICAR -Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Tapas K Das
- ICAR -Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Khajanchi Lal
- ICAR -Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Supradip Saha
- ICAR -Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Pushpendra Koli
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- ICAR -Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, 284 003, India
| | - Rongrong Shi
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Khurshid Alam
- ICAR -Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Yonglin Ren
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
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9
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Jama-Rodzeńska A, Gałka B, Szuba-Trznadel A, Jandy A, Kamińska JA. Effect of struvite (Crystal Green) fertilization on soil element content determined by different methods under soybean cultivation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12702. [PMID: 37543617 PMCID: PMC10404251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Struvite is regarded as a promising phosphorus fertilizer alternative to mineral fertilizers; however before fertilizing, soil tests should be undertaken to determine fertilizer recommendations. In May 2022, soil was sampled from a pot experiment with the application of phosphorus set up at the Wroclaw University and Environmental and Life Sciences. Chemical analysis of the soil included total and available phosphorus, potassium, magnesium determined by the Egner-Riehm, Mehlich 3 and Yanai methods. The purpose of the article is to compare soil element extraction by three different methods under struvite fertilization and its use in soybean cultivation. The application of these methods indicated an unambiguous increase in soil Mg content after struvite application. Broadcast soybean fertilization affected the phosphorus content of the soil. The results of the study indicated that different extraction methods presented different contents of P from soil. The content of available phosphorus was circa 122-156 mg kg-1 dm, 35.4-67.5 mg kg-1 dm and 100-159 mg kg-1 dm according to the Mehlich, Yanai and Egner-Riehm methods, respectively. A positive correlation was found between the content of Mg and K in soil determined by the Mehlich 3 and Yanai methods, which may suggest that the Yanai method could be introduced into standard soil chemical analysis in Poland. Such a correlation was not found for phosphorus, which is a difficult element to determine due to the multitude of factors affecting its availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jama-Rodzeńska
- Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bernard Gałka
- Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Szuba-Trznadel
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anita Jandy
- Center for Environmental Quality Analysis, Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna A Kamińska
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363, Wroclaw, Poland
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10
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Hofmann D, Thiele B, Siebers M, Rahmati M, Schütz V, Jeong S, Cui J, Bigler L, Held F, Wu B, Babic N, Kovacic F, Hamacher J, Hölzl G, Dörmann P, Schulz M. Implications of Below-Ground Allelopathic Interactions of Camelina sativa and Microorganisms for Phosphate Availability and Habitat Maintenance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2815. [PMID: 37570969 PMCID: PMC10421311 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxic breakdown products of young Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz, glucosinolates can eliminate microorganisms in the soil. Since microorganisms are essential for phosphate cycling, only insensitive microorganisms with phosphate-solubilizing activity can improve C. sativa's phosphate supply. In this study, 33P-labeled phosphate, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and pot experiments unveiled that not only Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas laurentiana used as phosphate-solubilizing inoculants, but also intrinsic soil microorganisms, including Penicillium aurantiogriseum, and the assemblies of root-colonizing microorganisms solubilized as well phosphate from apatite, trigger off competitive behavior between the organisms. Driving factors in the competitiveness are plant and microbial secondary metabolites, while glucosinolates of Camelina and their breakdown products are regarded as key compounds that inhibit the pathogen P. aurantiogriseum, but also seem to impede root colonization of T. viride. On the other hand, fungal diketopiperazine combined with glucosinolates is fatal to Camelina. The results may contribute to explain the contradictory effects of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms when used as biofertilizers. Further studies will elucidate impacts of released secondary metabolites on coexisting microorganisms and plants under different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hofmann
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.H.); (B.T.); (M.R.); (B.W.)
| | - Björn Thiele
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.H.); (B.T.); (M.R.); (B.W.)
| | - Meike Siebers
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Mehdi Rahmati
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.H.); (B.T.); (M.R.); (B.W.)
- Department of Soil Science and Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 83111-55181, Iran
| | - Vadim Schütz
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Seungwoo Jeong
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Jiaxin Cui
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Laurent Bigler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (L.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Federico Held
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (L.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Bei Wu
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.H.); (B.T.); (M.R.); (B.W.)
| | - Nikolina Babic
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf and Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany (F.K.)
| | - Filip Kovacic
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf and Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany (F.K.)
| | - Joachim Hamacher
- Plant Diseases and Crop Protection, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Georg Hölzl
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Peter Dörmann
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Margot Schulz
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
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11
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Koch S, Lederer H, Kahle P, Lennartz B. Linking transport pathways and phosphorus distribution in a loamy soil: a case study from a North-Eastern German Stagnosol. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:933. [PMID: 37436525 PMCID: PMC10338406 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11465-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous flow pathways through the soil determine the transport of dissolved and particle-bound nutritional elements like phosphorus (P) to ground and surface waters. This study was designed to understand the spatial patterns of P in agriculturally used soils and the mechanisms causing P accumulation and depletion at the centimetre scale. We conducted dye tracer experiments using Brilliant Blue on a loamy Stagnosol in North-Eastern-Germany. The plant-available P was analysed using double lactate extraction (DL-P). The plant-available P content of the topsoil was significantly higher than that of the subsoil in all three replicates (p < 0.001). The topsoil's stained areas showed significantly higher P contents than unstained areas (p < 0.05), while the opposite was found for the subsoil. The P content varied enormously across all observed soil profiles (4 to 112 mg P kg-1 soil) and different categories of flow patterns (matrix flow, flow fingers, macropore flow, and no visible transport pathways). The P contents of these transport pathways differed significantly and followed the order: Pmatrix flow > Pfinger flow > Pno visible transport pathways > Pmacropore flow. We conclude that P tends to accumulate along flow pathways in the topsoil in the observed fertilized and tilled mineral soil. In contrast, in the subsoil at a generally lower P level, P is depleted from the prominent macroporous flow domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Koch
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Chair for Soil Physics, University of Rostock, Justus-Von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Henrike Lederer
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Chair for Soil Physics, University of Rostock, Justus-Von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Petra Kahle
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Chair for Soil Physics, University of Rostock, Justus-Von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernd Lennartz
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Chair for Soil Physics, University of Rostock, Justus-Von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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12
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Khomenko O, Fenton O, Leahy JJ, Daly K. A comparative study of thermally and chemically treated dairy waste: Impacts on soil phosphorus turnover and availability using 33P isotope dilution. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116702. [PMID: 36395534 PMCID: PMC9771826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dairy processing sludge (DPS) and DPS-derived secondary products such as struvite, biochar, hydrochar and ash (collectively known as SRUBIAS) are emerging as alternatives to fertilizers produced from mined rock phosphate. However, little is known about how these products affect soil P availability and daily P turnover rates.. A lack of such information prevents precision nutrient management planning using these products out on farms. This study used a novel isotope dilution technique (IPD) with 33P as a tracer to compare P turnover in soils amended with chemically (alum-treated DPS and struvite) and thermally (biochar, hydrochar, ash) treated DPS. Results showed that thermally treated products exhibited poor agronomic performance as P fertilizers, potentially inhibiting P availability when applied to soils. For example, a P deficient soil amended with hydrochar treatment at the highest application rates did not record a build-up of available P to agronomic target values. In ash and biochar treated P deficient soils, available P increased but only with very high application rates of 150 and 80 mg P kg -1. The application of these products as fertilizers could have negative implications for both environmental and agronomic goals. Conversely, chemically treated fertilisers demonstrated better agronomic performance. The same agronomic target value was reached with application rates of only 20 mg P kg -1 soil for DPS and 50 mg P kg -1 soil for struvite. However, the techniques deployed revealed that these products exhibited slower rates of available and exchangeable P build-up when compared with chemical fertilisers. This suggests that these bio-based alternatives require higher application rates or earlier application times compared to conventional chemical fertilizers. Regulations providing advice on P use in agricultural soils need to account for slower P turnover in soils receiving recycled fertilizers. The IPD technique is transferrable to all wastes to examine their performance as fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Khomenko
- Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Y35 TC97, Ireland; Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Owen Fenton
- Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Y35 TC97, Ireland
| | - J J Leahy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Karen Daly
- Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Y35 TC97, Ireland
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13
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Lippold E, Schlüter S, Mueller CW, Höschen C, Harrington G, Kilian R, Gocke MI, Lehndorff E, Mikutta R, Vetterlein D. Correlative Imaging of the Rhizosphere─A Multimethod Workflow for Targeted Mapping of Chemical Gradients. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:1538-1549. [PMID: 36626664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Examining in situ processes in the soil rhizosphere requires spatial information on physical and chemical properties under undisturbed conditions. We developed a correlative imaging workflow for targeted sampling of roots in their three-dimensional (3D) context and assessed the imprint of roots on chemical properties of the root-soil contact zone at micrometer to millimeter scale. Maize (Zea mays) was grown in 15N-labeled soil columns and pulse-labeled with 13CO2 to visualize the spatial distribution of carbon inputs and nitrogen uptake together with the redistribution of other elements. Soil columns were scanned by X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) at low resolution (45 μm) to enable image-guided subsampling of specific root segments. Resin-embedded subsamples were then analyzed by X-ray CT at high resolution (10 μm) for their 3D structure and chemical gradients around roots using micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μXRF), nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), and laser-ablation isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LA-IRMS). Concentration gradients, particularly of calcium and sulfur, with different spatial extents could be identified by μXRF. NanoSIMS and LA-IRMS detected the release of 13C into soil up to a distance of 100 μm from the root surface, whereas 15N accumulated preferentially in the root cells. We conclude that combining targeted sampling of the soil-root system and correlative microscopy opens new avenues for unraveling rhizosphere processes in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lippold
- Department of Soil System Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steffen Schlüter
- Department of Soil System Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Carsten W Mueller
- Department of Life Science Systems, Soil Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carmen Höschen
- Department of Life Science Systems, Soil Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Gertraud Harrington
- Department of Life Science Systems, Soil Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Kilian
- Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martina I Gocke
- Soil Science and Soil Ecology, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Nussallee 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Lehndorff
- Soil Ecology, Bayreuth University, Dr.-Hans-Frisch-Straße 1-3, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Robert Mikutta
- Soil Science and Soil Protection, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Doris Vetterlein
- Department of Soil System Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Soil Science and Soil Protection, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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14
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Weihrauch C, Boie F, Neumann J, von Sperber C. Transferring network analysis to the study of potential biogeochemical interactions of phosphorus-relevant elements in floodplain subsoils - A new use case for the Soilscape Network Approach (SNAp). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:158072. [PMID: 35985589 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Subsurface phosphorus (P) loss from deep P stocks in floodplain subsoils can contribute to eutrophication of freshwaters. To date, knowledge on the complex biogeochemical interactions of P in floodplain subsoils is too scarce to enable targeted P management to mitigate subsurface P loss from deep P stocks. We propose using graph theory and the Soilscape Network Approach (SNAp) based on correlations between P-relevant elements to study these complex biogeochemical interactions in the soilscape. Complex interactions of several elements in soils are difficult to investigate from a holistic perspective with conventional data analysis. We translated soil element data from topsoils and subsoils of terrestrial sites, proximal and distal floodplain sites into relational data and analyzed network structure, centrality, and modularity. The results indicate that a higher frequency of groundwater level fluctuations in distal subsoils and proximal topsoils could result in 24-44 % less biogeochemical interaction compared to sites with stable conditions. Impeded microbial processes on the frequently disturbed sites may explain this finding. Our analyses suggest biogeochemical differences between floodplain topsoils and subsoils expressed in 24 % lower and 75 % higher network connectivity in distal and proximal subsoils (respectively). We also found 22 % lower network connectivity in distal than proximal floodplain subsoils, suggesting biogeochemical differences between both soil sections. These findings imply that floodplain P management should not take a whole-floodplain approach but a 3D-approach, which differentiates laterally between floodplain zones and vertically between soil sections. In addition, SNAp indicated that Fe(II) oxides are important in P biogeochemistry of floodplain subsoils but are not the key element. Instead, labile P forms are suggested to have different major associations in distal (Alox, Feox) versus proximal deep P stocks (Alox, Mn, Ca). Our study provides new insights into the biogeochemistry of deep P stocks in floodplain subsoils which require targeted validation by other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Weihrauch
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Soil and Groundwater Management, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstrasse 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Felizitas Boie
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Soil and Groundwater Management, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstrasse 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Janice Neumann
- Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian von Sperber
- Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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15
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Synthesis and Adsorbent Performance of Modified Biochar with Ag/MgO Nanocomposites for Heat Storage Application. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7423102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat storage is a major problem in the world. Many research is going on the heat storage application. This research investigates the novel Ag/MgO/biochar nanocomposites for heat storage. Ag/MgO/biochar nanocomposites were fabricated using solvent-free ball milling techniques. According to several analytical measurements, the Ag/MgO nanoparticles in biochar are uniformly dispersed across the carbon interface. This type of adsorbent material has been characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction pattern analysis (XRD), FTIR analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) as all indicate the surface morphology and successful ball milling synthesis of Ag/MgO nanocomposites. The UV visible spectroscopy wavelength range of AgNPs and MgONPs is 330 nm and 470 nm, respectively. FTIR analysis revealed that different functional groups of modified biochar nanocomposites such as O-H group are 3728 cm-1 and for C-H bond is 932 cm-1, C-O group is 1420 cm-1, and C=O is 1785 cm-1, respectively. Adsorption tests showed that 1.0 gL-1 dosage with 60% phosphate removal, an ion, and 0.2 gL-1 of dosages that had 85% methylene blue decomposition, a charged synthetic dye, were the lowest absorption levels. This research suggests that ball milling offers the advantages of stabilization and chemical adaptability for customized remediation of different atmospheric contaminants. Ball milling is a facile and feasible process to fabricate carbon-metal-oxide nanomaterials.
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16
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Bazin D, Reguer S, Vantelon D, Haymann JP, Letavernier E, Frochot V, Daudon M, Esteve E, Colboc H. XANES spectroscopy for the clinician. CR CHIM 2022. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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17
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Huang J, Glæsner N, Triolo JM, Bekiaris G, Bruun S, Liu F. Application of Fourier transform mid-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy for rapid assessment of phosphorus availability in digestates and digestate-amended soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155040. [PMID: 35385760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Digestate is the anaerobic digestion by-product of biogas production that can be used as a phosphorus (P) fertilizer. To achieve the efficient utilization of digestate as a P fertilizer and evaluate P availability in digestate-amended soils, it is necessary to assess both available P in different digestates and digestate-amended soils. In this study, Fourier transform mid-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS) combined with multivariate analysis was applied to predict water-extractable P (WEP) in digestates and plant-available P in digestate-amended soils. The plant-available P was determined by the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique. 45 digestate samples were collected both from laboratory-scale digesters (26 samples) and operating biogas plants (19 samples) in Denmark for WEP determination. Three soils amended with the collected 19 digestate samples from biogas plants (that results to 57 digestate-amended soil samples in total) were deployed for DGT measurement of plant- available P. The WEP predicting model had a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.80 and a root mean square error of 0.78 g kg-1 while the plant-available P predicting model exhibited an R2 of 0.70 and a root mean square error of 134.09 μg P L-1. Furthermore, regression coefficients with a significant contribution of the plant-available P predicting model were identified, indicating that FTIR-PAS is capable for correlating spectra information with plant-available P related chemical bonds. In conclusion, FTIR-PAS can be used as a faster and non-destructive alternative for the assessment of both WEP in digestates and plant-available P in digestate-amended soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark
| | - Nadia Glæsner
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark
| | - Jin M Triolo
- Department of Green Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Campus vej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Georgios Bekiaris
- Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Sander Bruun
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark
| | - Fei Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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18
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Peleja VL, Peleja PL, Lara TS, Tribuzy ES, de Moura JMS. Seasonality and Phosphate Fertilization in Carbohydrates Storage: Carapa guianensis Aubl. Seedlings Responses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1956. [PMID: 35956434 PMCID: PMC9370796 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The low availability of phosphorus and water in soil can promote the remobilization of carbohydrates in the plant, releasing energy to mitigate stress. In this context, our objective was to analyze the production and allocation of carbohydrates in plants of Carapa guianensis Aubl. submitted to different doses of phosphate fertilization, during the rainy and dry seasons, in the western region of Pará. We used three phosphorus dosages (0, 50, 250 kg ha−1) as treatments. We evaluated the plants during the dry and wet seasons. We quantified dry matter production, phosphorus content, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, sucrose, and starch. Phosphate fertilization and different evaluation periods influenced carbohydrate concentrations (p < 0.05) in plants. The highest levels of P in the leaves were registered in October and, in the roots the content decreased with the passage of time in all treatments. The control had higher dry matter production in leaves and stems. During the dry season, there was an accumulation of carbohydrates in plants and a low production of dry matter. Soluble sugars and sucrose tended to be allocated to the stem, reducing sugars to the leaves and starch to the roots, in most periods. In general, C. guianensis seedlings were not very responsive to phosphorus addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Leão Peleja
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém CEP 68040-255, Brazil; (P.L.P.); (E.S.T.)
| | - Poliana Leão Peleja
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém CEP 68040-255, Brazil; (P.L.P.); (E.S.T.)
| | - Túlio Silva Lara
- Institute of Water Science and Technology, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém CEP 68040-255, Brazil;
| | - Edgard Siza Tribuzy
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém CEP 68040-255, Brazil; (P.L.P.); (E.S.T.)
| | - José Mauro Sousa de Moura
- Interdisciplinary Training Center, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém CEP 68040-255, Brazil;
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19
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Manzoor A, Dippold MA, Loeppmann S, Blagodatskaya E. Two-Phase Conceptual Framework of Phosphatase Activity and Phosphorus Bioavailability. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:935829. [PMID: 35928705 PMCID: PMC9343760 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.935829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The activity of extracellular phosphatases is a dynamic process controlled by both plant roots and microorganisms, which is responsible for the mineralization of soil phosphorus (P). Plants regulate the availability of soil P through the release of root mucilage and the exudation of low-molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs). Mucilage increases soil hydraulic conductivity as well as pore connectivity, both of which are associated with increased phosphatase activity. The LMWOAs, in turn, stimulate the mineralization of soil P through their synergistic effects of acidification, chelation, and exchange reactions. This article reviews the catalytic properties of extracellular phosphatases and their interactions with the rhizosphere interfaces. We observed a biphasic effect of root metabolic products on extracellular phosphatases, which notably altered their catalytic mechanism. In accordance with the proposed conceptual framework, soil P is acquired by both plants and microorganisms in a coupled manner that is characterized by the exudation of their metabolic products. Due to inactive or reduced root exudation, plants recycle P through adsorption on the soil matrix, thereby reducing the rhizosphere phosphatase activity. The two-phase conceptual framework might assist in understanding P-acquisition (substrate turnover) and P-restoration (phosphatase adsorption by soil) in various terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Manzoor
- Biogeochemistry of Agroecosystems, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Michaela A. Dippold
- Geo-Biosphere Interactions, Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Loeppmann
- Biogeochemistry of Agroecosystems, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Christian–Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
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20
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Xu S, Li D, Guo H, Lu H, Qiu M, Yang J, Shen F. Solvent-Free Synthesis of MgO-Modified Biochars for Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137770. [PMID: 35805431 PMCID: PMC9265722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption is an efficient technology for removing phosphorus from wastewater to control eutrophication. In this work, MgO-modified biochars were synthesized by a solvent-free ball milling method and used to remove phosphorus. The MgO-modified biochars had specific surface areas 20.50–212.65 m2 g−1 and pore volume 0.024–0.567 cm3 g−1. The as-prepared 2MgO/BC-450-0.5 had phosphorus adsorption capacities of 171.54 mg g−1 at 25 °C and could remove 100% of phosphorus from livestock wastewater containing 39.51 mg L−1 phosphorus. The kinetic and isotherms studied show that the pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.999) and Langmuir models (R2 = 0.982) could describe the adoption process well. The thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption of phosphorus on the MgO-modified biochars adsorbent was spontaneous and endothermic. The effect of pH, FTIR spectra and XPS spectra studies indicated that the phosphorus adsorption includes a protonation process, electrostatic attraction and precipitation process. This study provides a new strategy for biochar modification via a facile mechanochemical method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Xu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 31 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300191, China; (S.X.); (D.L.); (H.G.); (M.Q.)
| | - De Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 31 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300191, China; (S.X.); (D.L.); (H.G.); (M.Q.)
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Haixin Guo
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 31 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300191, China; (S.X.); (D.L.); (H.G.); (M.Q.)
| | - Haodong Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada;
| | - Mo Qiu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 31 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300191, China; (S.X.); (D.L.); (H.G.); (M.Q.)
| | - Jirui Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 31 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300191, China; (S.X.); (D.L.); (H.G.); (M.Q.)
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (F.S.)
| | - Feng Shen
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 31 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300191, China; (S.X.); (D.L.); (H.G.); (M.Q.)
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (F.S.)
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21
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On the tropical soils; The influence of organic matter (OM) on phosphate bioavailability. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:3635-3641. [PMID: 35844405 PMCID: PMC9280210 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of organic manure (OM) and crop residues in agricultural soils can potentially influence positively or negatively the availability of soil phosphorus (P) through soil mineralization, sorption, or desorption of soil-bound P. Traditionally, the addition of OM can reduce the capacity of the soil colloids to adsorb P, thus increasing the release of P in soil solution, but also added OM can increase the adsorption site and increase the fixation or sorption of P to soil colloids, thus reducing the availability of P in soil solution and loss to the environment. The highly weathered tropical soils (HWTS) are susceptible to P insufficiency because HWTS have high P adsorption and fixation; this is mainly due to high concentration of P adsorbent. The main P adsorbents in HWTS include Al, Fe, Ca, and clay minerals, which are principally the same binding or adsorbent for OM compounds, but in excess, are toxic (Al and Fe) to crops. Thus, the presence of OM in HWTS can compromise the adsorption and availability of P in agricultural soils following phosphatic fertilizer applications. In this study, the influence of OM on P adsorption and availability was characterized to have a clear understanding of how OM influences P availability in agricultural soils, especially in highly weathered tropical soil. It is clearly outlined that the application of OM and crop residues can positively or negatively influence the availability of P in agricultural soils for plant uptake and dictate the P that is available for loss to the environment. Thus, the addition of organic matter as a strategy to increase P bioavailability for plant uptake must be treated with care because their contribution is not strait forward to be positive in many agricultural soils.
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22
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Hong ZN, Yan J, Lu HL, Jiang J, Li JY, Xu RK. Inhibition of phosphate sorptions on four soil colloids by two bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118001. [PMID: 34419861 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ion sorption on soil and sediment has been reported to be potentially affected by bacteria which may interact both physically and chemically with solid surfaces. However, whether and how bacteria affect the sorption of inorganic phosphate (P) on soil colloids remains poorly known. Here, we comparably investigated the P sorption on four soil colloids (three highly weathered soils including two Oxisols and one Ultisol and one weakly weathered soil Alfisol) and their complexes with Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Batch experiments showed a notable reduction in P sorption on the colloids of highly weathered soils by the two bacteria at varying P concentrations and pHs; whereas that on the colloids of Alfisol appeared to be unaffected by the bacteria. The inhibitory effect was confirmed by both greater decline in P sorption at higher bacteria dosages and the ability of the bacteria to desorb P pre-adsorbed on the colloids. Further evidence was given by isothermal titration calorimetric experiments which revealed an alteration in enthalpy change caused by the bacteria for P sorption on Oxisol but not for that on Alfisol. The B. subtilis was more efficient in suppressing P sorption than the P. fluorescens, indicating a dependence of the inhibition on bacterium type. After association with bacteria, zeta potentials of the soil colloids decreased considerably. The decrease positively correlated with the decline in P sorption, regardless of soil and bacterium types, demonstrating that the increment in negative charges of soil colloids by bacteria probably contributed to the inhibition. In addition, scanning electron microscopic observation and the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory prediction suggested appreciable physical and chemical interactions between the bacteria and the highly weathered soil colloids, which might be another contributor to the inhibition. These findings expand our understandings on how bacteria mobilize legacy P in soils and sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Neng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hai-Long Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jiu-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ren-Kou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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23
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Weihrauch C, Weber CJ. Comparative risk assessment of phosphorus loss from "deep phosphorus stocks" in floodplain subsoils to surface waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:149037. [PMID: 34280631 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) loss from soil may trigger freshwater eutrophication and endanger supply with drinking water regionally. The present paper aims at encouraging discussion and development of sophisticated strategies for risk assessment of P loss from soils of riparian buffer zones (RBZ) as a prerequisite for targeted and effective mitigation of such P losses and their effects on freshwater eutrophication. We use data from a case study on RBZ soils in Germany to compare the performance of different environmental indicators of a risk for P loss from soil. Our data suggest that RBZ soils are temporarily sinks or sources for P. The spatial hotspots of P loss are the topsoils and the deep P stocks (labile P enriched in RBZ subsoils below on average 87.5 cm depth). We discuss four aspects to be considered conceptually and methodologically in the assessment of a risk for P loss from RBZ soils: (1) spatial heterogeneity and spatial bias; (2) temporal heterogeneity and temporal bias; (3) conceptual bias caused by different dynamics of individual P fractions; and (4) adequacy of threshold values. To minimize bias, we propose to assess risk for P loss from RBZ soils using a geospatial, temporally resolved sampling strategy, site-specific or regional threshold values, and a P fractionation approach. For this purpose, we introduce PdHCl as a risk indicator, which is not susceptible to very short-term dynamics (in contrast to water-soluble P).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Weihrauch
- Department of Geography, Philipps-University Marburg, Deutschhausstraße 10, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Collin J Weber
- Department of Geography, Philipps-University Marburg, Deutschhausstraße 10, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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24
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Sauvadet M, Trap J, Damour G, Plassard C, Van den Meersche K, Achard R, Allinne C, Autfray P, Bertrand I, Blanchart E, Deberdt P, Enock S, Essobo JD, Freschet GT, Hedde M, de Melo Virginio Filho E, Rabary B, Rakotoarivelo M, Randriamanantsoa R, Rhino B, Ripoche A, Rosalie E, Saj S, Becquer T, Tixier P, Harmand JM. Agroecosystem diversification with legumes or non-legumes improves differently soil fertility according to soil type. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 795:148934. [PMID: 34328927 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant diversification through crop rotation or agroforestry is a promising way to improve sustainability of agroecosystems. Nonetheless, criteria to select the most suitable plant communities for agroecosystems diversification facing contrasting environmental constraints need to be refined. Here, we compared the impacts of 24 different plant communities on soil fertility across six tropical agroecosystems: either on highly weathered Ferralsols, with strong P limitation, or on partially weathered soils derived from volcanic material, with major N limitation. In each agroecosystem, we tested several plant communities for diversification, as compared to a matching low diversity management for their cropping system. Plant residue restitution, N, P and lignin contents were measured for each plant community. In parallel, the soil under each community was analyzed for organic C and N, inorganic N, Olsen P, soil pH and nematode community composition. Soil potential fertility was assessed with plant bioassays under greenhouse controlled climatic conditions. Overall, plant diversification had a positive effect on soil fertility across all sites, with contrasting effects depending on soil type and legumes presence in the community. Communities with legumes improved soil fertility indicators of volcanic soils, which was demonstrated through significantly higher plant biomass production in the bioassays (+18%) and soil inorganic N (+26%) compared to the low diversity management. Contrastingly, communities without legumes were the most beneficial in Ferralsols, with increases in plant biomass production in the bioassays (+39%), soil Olsen P (+46%), soil C (+26%), and pH (+5%). Piecewise structural equation models with Shipley's test revealed that plant diversification impacts on volcanic soil fertility were related to soil N availability, driven by litter N. Meanwhile, Ferralsols fertility was related to soil P availability, driven by litter P. These findings underline the importance of multifactorial and multi-sites experiments to inform trait-based frameworks used in designing optimal plant diversification in agroecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Sauvadet
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
| | - Jean Trap
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Gaëlle Damour
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Claude Plassard
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Karel Van den Meersche
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CATIE (Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center), Turrialba 7170, Costa Rica
| | - Raphaël Achard
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-97285 Le Lamentin, Martinique, France
| | - Clémentine Allinne
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CATIE (Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center), Turrialba 7170, Costa Rica; SYSTEM, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrice Autfray
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR AIDA, BP 110 Antsirabe, Madagascar; FOFIFA SRR, BP 230 Antsirabe, Madagascar
| | - Isabelle Bertrand
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Blanchart
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Péninna Deberdt
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR HORTSYS, F-97285 Le Lamentin, France
| | - Séguy Enock
- ICRAF (World Agroforestry), West and Central Africa Regional Program, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jean-Daniel Essobo
- ICRAF (World Agroforestry), West and Central Africa Regional Program, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Grégoire T Freschet
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, F-09200 Moulis, France; CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Institut Agro, INRAE, F-34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Mickaël Hedde
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Miora Rakotoarivelo
- Université d'Antananarivo, Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques, BP 175 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Béatrice Rhino
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR HORTSYS, F-97285 Le Lamentin, France
| | - Aude Ripoche
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR AIDA, BP 110 Antsirabe, Madagascar; FOFIFA SRR, BP 230 Antsirabe, Madagascar
| | - Elisabeth Rosalie
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-97285 Le Lamentin, Martinique, France
| | - Stéphane Saj
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; SYSTEM, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; ICRAF (World Agroforestry), West and Central Africa Regional Program, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Thierry Becquer
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Tixier
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Harmand
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, F-34398 Montpellier, France; ICRAF (World Agroforestry), West and Central Africa Regional Program, Yaounde, Cameroon
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25
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Zhang Y, Li C, Sun Q, Jiang C, Ding S, Chen M, Ma X, Zhong Z, Wang Y, Tsang DCW. Phosphorus acquisition strategy of Vallisneria natans in sediment based on in situ imaging techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111635. [PMID: 34242674 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) availability is closely related to the distributions of pH, O2 and phosphatase activities in the rhizosphere of plants growing in soils and sediments. In this study, the P uptake processes and mechanisms of Vallisneria natans (V. natans) during two vegetation periods (i.e., week three and six) were revealed using three noninvasive 2D imaging techniques: planar optode (PO), diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and zymography. The results showed that increased phosphatase activity, O2 concentration and root-induced acidification were observed together in the rhizosphere of root segments and tips. In week three, when V. natans was young, the flux of DGT-labile P accumulated more in the rhizosphere in comparison with the bulk sediment. This was because increased phosphatase activity (of up to 35%) and root-induced acidification (with pH decreasing by up to 0.25) enhanced P acquisition of V. natans by the third week. However, the flux of DGT-labile P turned to depletion during weeks three to six of V. natans growth, after Fe plaque formed at the matured stage. The constant hydrolysis of phosphatase and acidification could not compensate for the P demand of the roots by the sixth week. At this stage, Fe plaque become the P pool, due to P fixation with solid Fe(III) hydroxides. Subsequently, V. natans roots acquired P from Fe plaque via organic acid complexation of Fe(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Cai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qin Sun
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Cuiling Jiang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhilin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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26
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Status and advances in technologies for phosphorus species detection and characterization in natural environment- A comprehensive review. Talanta 2021; 233:122458. [PMID: 34215099 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Poor recovery of phosphorus (P) across natural environment (water, soil, sediment, and biological sources) is causing rapid depletion of phosphate rocks and continuous accumulation of P in natural waters, resulting in deteriorated water quality and aquatic lives. Accurate detection and characterization of various P species using suitable analytical methods provide a comprehensive understanding of the biogeochemical cycle of P and thus help its proper management in the environment. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the analytical methods used for P speciation in natural environment by dividing them into five broad categories (i.e., chemical, biological, molecular, staining microscopy, and sensors) and highlighting the suitability (i.e., targeted species, sample matrix), detection limit, advantages-limitations, and reference studies of all methods under each category. This can be useful in designing studies involving P detection and characterization across environmental matrices by providing insights about a wide range of analytical methods based on the end user application needs of individual studies.
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Arenberg MR, Arai Y. Nitrogen species specific phosphorus mineralization in temperate floodplain soils. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17430. [PMID: 34465812 PMCID: PMC8408222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96885-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As an essential component of enzymes, higher N availability from agricultural runoff to forest soils may boost the activity of phosphatase, increasing the bioavailability of phosphate. The objective of this study was to evaluate P mineralization rates in temperate floodplain soils as a function of inorganic N species (i.e., ammonium and nitrate) and amendment rate (1.5-3.5 g N kg-1). Accordingly, the soil was amended with nitrate and ammonium, and P dynamics were monitored during a 40-day incubation. The addition of ammonium significantly boosted acid and alkaline phosphatase activity by 1.39 and 1.44 µmol p-nitrophenol P (pNP) g-1 h-1, respectively. The degree of increase was positively correlated with the amendment rate. Likewise, the P mineralization rate increased by 0.27 mg P kg-1 in the 3.5 g N kg-1 ammonium treatment. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis further supported the reduction in organic orthophosphate diesters on day 30. Meanwhile, the addition of nitrate promoted P mineralization to a lesser degree but did not increase phosphatase activity. While floodplain soils have great potential to sequester anthropogenic P, high availability of inorganic N, especially ammonium, could promote P mineralization, potentially increasing P fertility and/or reducing P the sequestration capacity of floodplain soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R. Arenberg
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Yuji Arai
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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28
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Weihrauch C, Weber CJ, von Sperber C. A Soilscape Network Approach (SNAp) to investigate subsurface phosphorus translocation along slopes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147131. [PMID: 33895510 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Subsurface phosphorus (P) translocation along slopes may contribute to P enrichment in the subsoils of riparian buffer zones. Such "deep P stocks" might contribute to P concentrations and eutrophication of freshwaters. Better understanding of subsurface P translocation through the soilscape is required to understand the build-up of deep P stocks and to develop targeted mitigation strategies against it. However, such soilscape P dynamics are difficult to tackle due to logistical limitations of common field sampling strategies. Here, we introduce the Soilscape Network Approach (SNAp) as a solution to this problem: It enables to study soilscape P dynamics from a new analytical perspective but on the basis of common field sampling strategies. For this purpose, we are using the graph visualization platform Gephi with field data from a study on subsurface P translocation in Germany. The application of SNAp corroborated prior results regarding deep P stocks in riparian buffer zones, and it enabled the identification of major P sink and source sites as well as dominant P translocation pathways. Our SNAp analysis suggests that subsurface P translocation from topslopes and middle slopes is relevant for the build-up of deep P stocks in the studied toeslope subsoils, especially with shallow basalt or agricultural fertilizer inputs on the top- and middle slopes. Besides, the data imply that lateral P translocation along the studied slopes is small on short slopes, increases until a maximum is achieved, then decreases again when slopes are too long. The SNAp analysis offers new findings which gave valuable insights for the mitigation of subsurface P translocation along slopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Weihrauch
- Department of Geography, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstrasse 10, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Collin Joel Weber
- Department of Geography, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstrasse 10, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian von Sperber
- Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Dinkler K, Li B, Guo J, Hülsemann B, Becker GC, Müller J, Oechsner H. Adapted Hedley fractionation for the analysis of inorganic phosphate in biogas digestate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 331:125038. [PMID: 33813165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The major share of phosphate in biogas digestate is inorganic. For optimized nutrient recovery, inorganic phosphate must be analyzed adequately. Therefore, the photometric spectra of extracts from Hedley fractionation were measured and analyzed for their peaks using the molybdenum blue method. The ideal wavelength was 709 nm. The lower calibration limit needed to be raised from 15 µg L-1 to 50 µg L-1 to avoid underestimation of phosphate concentration. Drying digestate before extraction increased H2O-P by 78.4% and NaHCO3-P by 44.9% compared to undried digestate. The filter paper of the filtration between extractions was added to the next extraction to avoid phosphate losses. This made it necessary to rinse the samples with 30 mL deionized H2O after the H2O extraction, with 60 mL NaHCO3 after NaHCO3 extraction and 60 mL NaOH after the NaOH extraction. Ultimately, the results showed that the phosphate concentration in extracts was independent of extraction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Dinkler
- The State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany; Key Laboratory of Clean Utilization Technology for Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bowen Li
- The State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany; Key Laboratory of Clean Utilization Technology for Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Clean Utilization Technology for Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Benedikt Hülsemann
- The State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Gero C Becker
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Joachim Müller
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Hans Oechsner
- The State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
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Bauke SL, Schnepf A, von Sperber C, Orlowski N, Lewandowski H, Selzner T, Tamburini F, Amelung W. Tracing uptake and translocation of phosphorus in wheat using oxygen isotopes and mathematical modelling. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1883-1895. [PMID: 33638193 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding P uptake in soil-plant systems requires suitable P tracers. The stable oxygen isotope ratio in phosphate (expressed as δ18 OP ) is an alternative to radioactive labelling, but the degree to which plants preserve the δ18 OP value of the P source is unclear. We hypothesised that the source signal will be preserved in roots rather than shoots. In soil and hydroponic experiments with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum), we replaced irrigation water by 18 O-labelled water for up to 10 d. We extracted plant inorganic phosphates with trichloroacetic acid (TCA), assessed temporal dynamics of δ18 OTCA-P values after changing to 18 O-labelled water and combined the results with a mathematical model. Within 1 wk, full equilibration of δ18 OTCA-P values with the isotope value of the water in the growth medium occurred in shoots but not in roots. Model results further indicated that root δ18 OTCA-P values were affected by back transport of phosphate from shoots to roots, with a greater contribution of source P at higher temperatures when back transport was reduced. Root δ18 OTCA-P partially preserved the source signal, providing an indicator of P uptake sources. This now needs to be tested extensively for different species, soil and climate conditions to enable application in future ecosystem studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara L Bauke
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) - Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 13, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Andrea Schnepf
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences - IBG-3: Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, 52425, Germany
| | - Christian von Sperber
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) - Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 13, Bonn, 53115, Germany
- Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC, H3A 0B9, Canada
| | - Natalie Orlowski
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management (ILR), Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, Giessen, 35392, Germany
- Chair of Hydrology, University of Freiburg, Friedrichstraße 39, Freiburg, 79098, Germany
| | - Hans Lewandowski
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences - IBG-3: Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, 52425, Germany
| | - Tobias Selzner
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) - Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 13, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Federica Tamburini
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Lindau, 8315, Switzerland
| | - Wulf Amelung
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) - Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 13, Bonn, 53115, Germany
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences - IBG-3: Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, 52425, Germany
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Single and Binary Fe- and Al-hydroxides Affect Potential Phosphorus Mobilization and Transfer from Pools of Different Availability. SOIL SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems5020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) fixation is a global problem for soil fertility and negatively impacts agricultural productivity. This study characterizes P desorption of already fixed P by using KCl, KNO3, histidine, and malic acid as inorganic and organic compounds, which are quite common in soil. Goethite, gibbsite, and ferrihydrite, as well as hydroxide mixtures with varying Fe- and Al-ratio were selected as model substances of crystalline and amorphous Fe- and Al-hydroxides. Especially two- and multi-component hydroxide systems are common in soils, but they have barely been included in desorption studies. Goethite showed the highest desorption in the range from 70.4 to 81.0%, followed by gibbsite with values in the range from 50.7 to 42.6%. Ferrihydrite had distinctive lower desorption in the range from 11.8 to 1.9%. Within the group of the amorphous Fe-Al-hydroxide mixtures, P desorption was lowest at the balanced mixture ratio for 1 Fe: 1 Al, increased either with increasing Fe or Al amount. Precipitation and steric effects were concluded to be important influencing factors. More P was released by crystalline Fe-hydroxides, and Al-hydroxides of varying crystallinity, but desorption using histidine and malic acid did not substantially influence P desorption compared to inorganic constituents.
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Mathe Z, McCubbin Stepanic O, Peredkov S, DeBeer S. Phosphorus Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy detects non-covalent interactions of phosphate biomolecules in situ. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7888-7901. [PMID: 34168842 PMCID: PMC8188515 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01266e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus is ubiquitous in biochemistry, being found in the phosphate groups of nucleic acids and the energy-transferring system of adenine nucleotides (e.g. ATP). Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) of phosphorus has been largely unexplored, with no previous applications to biomolecules. Here, the potential of P Kβ XES to study phosphate-containing biomolecules, including ATP and NADPH, is evaluated, as is the application of the technique to aqueous solution samples. P Kβ spectra offer a detailed picture of phosphate valence electronic structure, reporting on subtle non-covalent effects, such as hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions, that are key to enzymatic catalysis. Spectral features are interpreted using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and potential applications to the study of biological energy conversion are highlighted. Phosphorus X-ray emission spectroscopy probes non-covalent interactions and electronic structure of phosphate biomolecules in both solid and solution samples.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Mathe
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34-36 D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Olivia McCubbin Stepanic
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34-36 D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Sergey Peredkov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34-36 D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34-36 D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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33
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Arias DM, Teasdale PR, Doolette CL, Lombi E, Farquhar S, Huang J. Development and evaluation of a new colorimetric DGT technique for the 2D visualisation of labile phosphate in soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:128704. [PMID: 33220985 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new colorimetric technique for the measurement of labile phosphate in soils using the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique was developed in this study. This technique can determine the mass of phosphate accumulated on the precipitated Zr-oxide based binding gel by forming the blue colour following the standard molybdate-ascorbic acid method. The optimal reaction temperature and coloration time were 20 °C (room temperature) and 26 min. After determining a well-fitted calibration equation, the technique was able to measure phosphate concentration up to 2.5 mg/L for 24 h deployment with a detection limit of 10.1 μg/L. Two-dimensional quantitative visualisation of phosphate diffusion in three phosphorus (P) fertilised soils were obtained using the colorimetric technique. The results from the colorimetric DGT technique were compared to the elution DGT technique and Colwell P extraction. The DGT techniques (colorimetric and elution) and Colwell P measurements demonstrated similar patterns of phosphate diffusion in soil. Both DGT techniques showed similar phosphate concentration along the concentric rings around the fertiliser application. A new, convenient, and fast DGT colorimetric technique was developed, and successfully used to measure the distribution of potentially available phosphate in soils. The new technique is less laborious than current techniques as it does not require any pre-treatment of the binding gel layers or heating during scanning, thus providing faster results. Therefore, the technique may be more suitable for in-field applications and can be used to investigate the in situ diffusion of potentially available phosphate from fertilisers, and relate this to the plant uptake of P.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Macias Arias
- University of South Australia, UniSA STEM, Scarce Resources and Circular Economy (ScaRCE), SA, 5095, Australia; School of Civil Engineering (ETSICCP), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/n, E-46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Peter R Teasdale
- University of South Australia, UniSA STEM, Scarce Resources and Circular Economy (ScaRCE), SA, 5095, Australia; University of South Australia, Future Industries Institute, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Casey L Doolette
- University of South Australia, Future Industries Institute, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Enzo Lombi
- University of South Australia, Future Industries Institute, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Sarah Farquhar
- University of South Australia, UniSA STEM, Scarce Resources and Circular Economy (ScaRCE), SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Jianyin Huang
- University of South Australia, UniSA STEM, Scarce Resources and Circular Economy (ScaRCE), SA, 5095, Australia; University of South Australia, Future Industries Institute, SA, 5095, Australia.
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34
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The Binding of Phosphorus Species at Goethite: A Joint Experimental and Theoretical Study. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11030323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of the interaction between inorganic and organic phosphates with soil minerals is vital for improving soil P-fertility. To achieve an in-depth understanding, we combined adsorption experiments and hybrid ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to analyze the adsorption of common phosphates, i.e., orthophosphate (OP), glycerolphosphate (GP) and inositolhexaphosphate (IHP), onto the 100 surface plane of goethite. Experimental adsorption data per mol P-molecule basis fitted to the Freundlich model show the adsorption strength increases in the order GP < OP < IHP, and IHP adsorption being saturated faster followed by GP and OP. Modeling results show that OP and GP form stable monodentate (M) and binuclear bidentate (B) motifs, with B being more stable than M, whereas IHP forms stable M and 3M motifs. Interfacial water plays an important role through hydrogen bonds and proton transfers with OP/GP/IHP and goethite. It also controls the binding motifs of phosphates with goethite. Combining both experimental and modeling results, we propose that the B motif dominates for OP, whereas GP forms M and IHP forms a combination of M and 3M motifs. The joint approach plausibly explains why IHP is the predominant organically bound P form in soil. This study could be considered as a preliminary step for further studies for understanding the mechanisms of how microbes and plants overcome strong IHP–mineral binding to implement the phosphate groups into their metabolism.
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35
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Phosphorus Transport along the Cropland–Riparian–Stream Continuum in Cold Climate Agroecosystems: A Review. SOIL SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems5010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) loss from cropland to ground and surface waters is a global concern. In cold climates (CCs), freeze–thaw cycles, snowmelt runoff events, and seasonally wet soils increase P loss potential while limiting P removal effectiveness of riparian buffer zones (RBZs) and other practices. While RBZs can help reduce particulate P transfer to streams, attenuation of dissolved P forms is more challenging. Moreover, P transport studies often focus on either cropland or RBZs exclusively rather than spanning the natural cropland–RBZ–stream gradient, defined here as the cropland–RBZ–stream continuum. Watershed P transport models and agronomic P site indices are commonly used to identify critical source areas; however, RBZ effects on P transport are usually not included. In addition, the coarse resolution of watershed P models may not capture finer-scale soil factors affecting P mobilization. It is clear that site microtopography and hydrology are closely linked and important drivers of P release and transport in overland flow. Combining light detection and ranging (LiDAR) based digital elevation models with P site indices and process-based models show promise for mapping and modeling P transport risk in cropland-RBZ areas; however, a better mechanistic understanding of processes controlling mobile P species across regions is needed. Broader predictive approaches integrating soil hydro-biogeochemical processes with real-time hydroclimatic data and risk assessment tools also hold promise for improving P transport risk assessment in CCs.
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36
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Fan B, Fenton O, Daly K, Ding J, Chen S, Chen Q. Alum split applications strengthened phosphorus fixation and phosphate sorption in high legacy phosphorus calcareous soil. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 101:87-97. [PMID: 33334540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High phosphorus (P) saturation arising from historic P inputs to protected vegetable fields (PVFs) drives high P mobilisation to waterbodies. Amendment of soils with alum has shown potential in terms of fixing labile P and protecting water quality. The present 15 month pot experiment investigated P stabilisation across single alum application (Alum-1 treatment, 20 g alum/kg soil incorporated into soil before the maize was sown), alum split applications (Alum-4 treatment, 5 g alum/kg soil incorporated into soil before each crop was sown i.e. 4 × 5 g/kg) and soil only treatment (Control). Results showed that the Alum-1 treatment caused the strongest stabilisation of soil labile P after maize plant removal, whereas the P stabilisation effect was gradually weakened due to the transformation of soil non-labile P to labile P and the reduced active Al3+ in soil solution. For the Alum-4 treatment, soil labile P decreased gradually with each crop planting and was lower than the Alum-1 treatment at the end of the final crop removal, without any impairment on plant growth. The better P stabilisation at the end of Alum-4 treatment was closely correlated with a progressive supply of Al3+ and a gradual decrease of pH, which resulted in higher contents of poorly-crystalline Al, Fe and exchangeable Ca. These aspects were conducive to increasing the soil P stabilisation and phosphate sorption. In terms of management, growers in continuous cropping systems could utilise split alum applications as a strategy to alleviate P losses in high-P enriched calcareous soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Owen Fenton
- Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford, Ireland
| | - Karen Daly
- Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford, Ireland
| | - Jiahui Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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37
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Microscale Heterogeneous Distribution and Speciation of Phosphorus in Soils Amended with Mineral Fertilizer and Cattle Manure Compost. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Global concerns for the sustainability of agriculture have emphasized the need to reduce the use of mineral fertilizer. Although phosphorus (P) is accumulated in farmland soils due to the long-term application of fertilizer, most soil P is not readily available to plants. The chemical speciation of P in soils, which comprise heterogeneous microenvironments, cannot be evaluated with a high degree of specificity using only macroscopic analyses. In this study, we investigated the distribution and speciation of P accumulated in soils by using both macro- and microscopic techniques including chemical extraction, solution and solid-state 31P NMR, bulk- and micro- P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Soil samples were collected from a field in which cabbage was cultivated under three amendment treatments: i) mineral fertilizer (NPK), ii) mineral fertilizer and compost (NPK + compost), and iii) mineral fertilizer plus compost but without nitrogen fertilizer (PK + compost). Macro-scale analyses suggested that accumulated P was predominantly inorganic P and associated with Al-bearing minerals. The repeated application of compost to the soils increased the proportion of P associated with Ca which accounted for 17% in the NPK + compost plot and 40% in the PK + compost plot. At the microscale, hot spots of P were heterogeneously distributed, and P was associated with Fe and Ca in hot spots of the NPK + compost (pH 6) and PK + compost (pH 7) treated samples, respectively. Our results indicate that application of compost contributed to creating diverse microenvironments hosting P in these soils.
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38
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Ganta PB, Kühn O, Ahmed AA. Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Interaction between Organic Phosphates and Goethite. Molecules 2020; 26:E160. [PMID: 33396506 PMCID: PMC7795625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Today's fertilizers rely heavily on mining phosphorus (P) rocks. These rocks are known to become exhausted in near future, and therefore effective P use is crucial to avoid food shortage. A substantial amount of P from fertilizers gets adsorbed onto soil minerals to become unavailable to plants. Understanding P interaction with these minerals would help efforts that improve P efficiency. To this end, we performed a molecular level analysis of the interaction of common organic P compounds (glycerolphosphate (GP) and inositol hexaphosphate (IHP)) with the abundant soil mineral (goethite) in presence of water. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed for goethite-IHP/GP-water complexes using the multiscale quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics method. Results show that GP forms monodentate (M) and bidentate mononuclear (B) motifs with B being more stable than M. IHP interacts through multiple phosphate groups with the 3M motif being most stable. The order of goethite-IHP/GP interaction energies is GP M < GP B < IHP M < IHP 3M. Water is important in these interactions as multiple proton transfers occur and hydrogen bonds are formed between goethite-IHP/GP complexes and water. We also present theoretically calculated infrared spectra which match reasonably well with frequencies reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanth B. Ganta
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany; (P.B.G.); (O.K.)
| | - Oliver Kühn
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany; (P.B.G.); (O.K.)
- Department of Life, Light, and Matter (LLM), University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ashour A. Ahmed
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany; (P.B.G.); (O.K.)
- Department of Life, Light, and Matter (LLM), University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
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Abstract
Repeated applications of phosphorus (P) fertilizers result in the buildup of P in soil (commonly known as legacy P), a large fraction of which is not immediately available for plant use. Long-term applications and accumulations of soil P is an inefficient use of dwindling P supplies and can result in nutrient runoff, often leading to eutrophication of water bodies. Although soil legacy P is problematic in some regards, it conversely may serve as a source of P for crop use and could potentially decrease dependence on external P fertilizer inputs. This paper reviews the (1) current knowledge on the occurrence and bioaccessibility of different chemical forms of P in soil, (2) legacy P transformations with mineral and organic fertilizer applications in relation to their potential bioaccessibility, and (3) approaches and associated challenges for accessing native soil P that could be used to harness soil legacy P for crop production. We highlight how the occurrence and potential bioaccessibility of different forms of soil inorganic and organic P vary depending on soil properties, such as soil pH and organic matter content. We also found that accumulation of inorganic legacy P forms changes more than organic P species with fertilizer applications and cessations. We also discuss progress and challenges with current approaches for accessing native soil P that could be used for accessing legacy P, including natural and genetically modified plant-based strategies, the use of P-solubilizing microorganisms, and immobilized organic P-hydrolyzing enzymes. It is foreseeable that accessing legacy P will require multidisciplinary approaches to address these limitations.
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40
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Weihrauch C, Weber CJ. Phosphorus enrichment in floodplain subsoils as a potential source of freshwater eutrophication. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141213. [PMID: 32791407 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of management efforts, freshwater eutrophication has not been effectively mitigated in each affected ecosystem. This might be due to insufficient knowledge of the sources of phosphorus (P) inputs into surface waters. We sampled 2 m-deep soil profiles in four floodplain areas under differently managed grassland in Germany under dry and moist conditions regarding soil moisture and precipitation. Four soil P fractions of decreasing solubility were determined. We found systematic enrichment of easily soluble P forms in the floodplain subsoils (average: from 87.5 cm depth). Water-soluble P in these "deep P stocks" was positively correlated with total phosphorus concentrations in the adjacent surface waters. Our data cautiously suggest increased P mobilization from deep P stocks under moist conditions. Drier conditions coincided with increased P retention, resulting in relatively large amounts of easily soluble P which could readily be desorbed and lost at the next stronger precipitation event. We found no effects of grassland management on deep P stock features and dynamics. Deep P stocks might be considered a new source of diffuse P losses from soils. To effectively mitigate freshwater eutrophication, best management practices need to be developed to minimize P transfer from deep P stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Weihrauch
- Department of Geography, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstrasse 10, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Collin Joel Weber
- Department of Geography, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstrasse 10, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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Ahmed AA, Gypser S, Freese D, Leinweber P, Kühn O. Molecular level picture of the interplay between pH and phosphate binding at the goethite-water interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:26509-26524. [PMID: 33185198 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04698a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The soil pH plays a substantial role in controlling phosphorus (P) adsorption and mobilization. These processes are strongly affected by the phosphate interaction strength with P-fixing soil minerals such as goethite. The target of the current contribution is to draw a molecular level picture of the interplay between pH and phosphate binding at the goethite-water interface via a joint experimental-theoretical approach. Periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to provide a molecular level understanding of the pH dependence of P adsorption. To validate the modeling approach, adsorption experiments of phosphate at goethite were performed in the pH range of 4-12. There was agreement between experiments and simulations in the description of the adsorption behavior by two pH-dependent successive stages. The adsorption increases along the pH change from 4 to 8. A further increase of pH leads to a decrease of adsorption. By comparing with literature data it is concluded that the first stage will be observed only if there is no significant change of the surface charge at low pH. Moreover, the molecular modeling results point to the abundance of the monodentate (M) binding motif at both extremely low and high pH ranges. Otherwise, the bidentate (B) one is predominant along the intermediate pH range. These observations could resolve the existing debate about the assignment of phosphate-goethite binding motifs. Furthermore, the results point to a decrease of pH upon phosphate sorption due to an induced acidification of soil solution. The present joint experimental-theoretical approach provides a better understanding and description of the existing phosphate sorption experiments and highlights new findings at the atomistic/molecular scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashour A Ahmed
- University of Rostock, Institute of Physics, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
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Effect of Organic and Conventional Systems Used to Grow Pecan Trees on Diversity of Soil Microbiota. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12110436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Agronomic management modifies the soil bacterial communities and may alter the carbon fractions. Here, we identify differences in several chemical and biological soil variables, as well as bacterial composition between organic (Org) and conventional (Conv) agronomic management in pecan (Carya illinoinensis) orchards located in Coahuila, Mexico. The analyzed variables were pH, N, P, K, soil organic matter, organic matter quality, soil organic carbon, C/N ratio, carbon fractions, microbial biomass carbon, easily extractable Glomalin, colony-forming units, CO2 emissions, and the enzyme activity. The DNA of soil bacteria was extracted, amplified (V3-V4 16S rRNA), and sequenced using Illumina. To compare variables between agronomic managements, t tests were used. Sequences were analyzed in QIIME (Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology). A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to observe associations between the ten most abundant phyla and soil variables in both types of agronomic managements. In Org management, variables related to the capture of recalcitrant carbon compounds were significant, and there was a greater diversity of bacterial communities capable of promoting organic carbon sequestration. In Conv management, variables related to the increase in carbon mineralization, as well as the enzymatic activity related to the metabolism of labile compounds, were significant. The CCA suggested a separation between phyla associated with some variables. Agronomic management impacted soil chemical and biological parameters related to carbon dynamics, including bacterial communities associated with carbon sequestration. Further research is still necessary to understand the plasticity of some bacterial communities, as well as the soil–plant dynamics.
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Autogenous Eutrophication, Anthropogenic Eutrophication, and Climate Change: Insights from the Antrift Reservoir (Hesse, Germany). SOIL SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems4020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is projected to aggravate water quality impairment and to endanger drinking water supply. The effects of global warming on water quality must be understood better to develop targeted mitigation strategies. We conducted water and sediment analyses in the eutrophicated Antrift catchment (Hesse, Germany) in the uncommonly warm years 2018/2019 to take an empirical look into the future under climate change conditions. In our study, algae blooms persisted long into autumn 2018 (November), and started early in spring 2019 (April). We found excessive phosphorus (P) concentrations throughout the year. At high flow in winter, P desorption from sediments fostered high P concentrations in the surface waters. We lead this back to the natural catchment-specific geochemical constraints of sediment P reactions (dilution- and pH-driven). Under natural conditions, the temporal dynamics of these constraints most likely led to high P concentrations, but probably did not cause algae blooms. Since the construction of a dammed reservoir, frequent algae blooms with sporadic fish kills have been occurring. Thus, management should focus less on reducing catchment P concentrations, but on counteracting summerly dissolved oxygen (DO) depletion in the reservoir. Particular attention should be paid to the monitoring and control of sediment P concentrations, especially under climate change.
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Vogel C, Sekine R, Huang J, Steckenmesser D, Steffens D, Huthwelker T, Borca CN, Pradas Del Real AE, Castillo-Michel H, Adam C. Effects of a nitrification inhibitor on nitrogen species in the soil and the yield and phosphorus uptake of maize. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136895. [PMID: 32007883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) resource availability is declining and the efficiency of applied nutrients in agricultural soils is becoming increasingly important. This is especially true for P fertilizers from recycled materials, which often have low plant availability. Specific co-fertilization with ammonium can enhance P plant availability in soils amended with these P fertilizers, and thus the yield of plants. To investigate this effect, we performed a pot experiment with maize in slightly acidic soil (pH 6.9) with one water-soluble (triple superphosphate [TSP]) and two water-insoluble (sewage sludge-based and hyperphosphate [Hyp]) P fertilizers and an ammonium sulfate nitrate with or without a nitrification inhibitor (NI). The dry matter yield of maize was significantly increased by the NI with the Hyp (from 14.7 to 21.5 g/pot) and TSP (from 40.0 to 45.4 g/pot) treatments. Furthermore, P uptake was slightly increased in all three P treatments with the NI, but not significantly. Olsen-P extraction and P K-edge micro-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy showed that apatite-P of the water-insoluble P fertilizers mobilized during the plant growth period. In addition, novel nitrogen (N) K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy and the Mogilevkina method showed that the application of an NI increased the fixation of ammonium in detectable hot spots in the soil. Thus, the delay in the nitrification process by the NI and the possible slow-release of temporarily fixed ammonium in the soil resulted in a high amount of plant available ammonium in the soil solution. This development probably decreases the rhizosphere pH due to release of H+ by plants during ammonium uptake, which mobilizes phosphorus in the amended soil and increases the dry matter yield of maize. This is especially important for water-insoluble apatite-based P fertilizers (conventional and recycled), which tend to have poor plant availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vogel
- Division 4.4 Thermochemical Residues Treatment and Resource Recovery, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ryo Sekine
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia; Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Jianyin Huang
- Division of Information Technology, Engineering and Environment, School of Natural and Built Environment, Mason Lakes Campus, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Daniel Steckenmesser
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Diedrich Steffens
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Huthwelker
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Camelia N Borca
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Ana E Pradas Del Real
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, ID21, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Hiram Castillo-Michel
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, ID21, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christian Adam
- Division 4.4 Thermochemical Residues Treatment and Resource Recovery, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
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A Probabilistic Approach to Phosphorus Speciation of Soils Using P K-edge XANES Spectroscopy with Linear Combination Fitting. SOIL SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems4020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A common technique to quantitatively estimate P speciation in soil samples is to apply linear combination fitting (LCF) to normalized P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra. Despite the rapid growth of such applications, the uncertainties of the fitted weights are still poorly known. Further, there are few reports to what extent the LCF standards represent unique end-members. Here, the co-variance between 34 standards was determined and their significance for LCF was discussed. We present a probabilistic approach for refining the calculation of LCF weights based on Latin hypercube sampling of normalized XANES spectra, where the contributions of energy calibration and normalization to fit uncertainty were considered. Many of the LCF standards, particularly within the same standard groups, were strongly correlated. This supports an approach in which the LCF standards are grouped. Moreover, adsorbed phytates and monetite were well described by other standards, which puts into question their use as end-members in LCF. Use of the probabilistic method resulted in uncertainties ranging from 2 to 11 percentage units. Uncertainties in the calibrated energy were important for the LCF weights, particularly for organic P, which changed with up to 2.7 percentage units per 0.01 eV error in energy. These results highlight the necessity of careful energy calibration and the use of frequent calibration checks. The probabilistic approach, in which at least 100 spectral variants are analyzed, improves our ability to identify the most likely P compounds present in a soil sample, and a procedure for this is suggested in the paper.
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Guha T, Gopal G, Kundu R, Mukherjee A. Nanocomposites for Delivering Agrochemicals: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3691-3702. [PMID: 32129992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Excessive application of fertilizers negatively affects soil health, causes low nutrient utilization efficiency in plants, and leads to environmental pollution. The application of controlled-release fertilizer is gaining momentum to overcome this crisis. Engineered nanocomposites (ENCs) have shown tremendous promise for need-based delivery of agrochemicals (macro- and micronutrients, pesticides, and other agrochemicals). This review provides comprehensive coverage of synthesis of nanocomposites, their physical-chemical characterization, and techniques to achieve sustained release and targeted delivery to the crops, emphasizing their beneficial role in plant production and protection. Related aspects like feasibility of the application, commercialization of the nanoformulations, and biosafety concerns are also highlighted. This will be helpful to develop a critical understanding of the current state of the art in the controlled release of agrochemicals through nanocomposites. The pressing issues like scale up production, cost analyses, field-based trials, and environmental safety concerns should be given greater attention in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titir Guha
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Geetha Gopal
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Rita Kundu
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
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Colocho Hurtarte LC, Santana Amorim HC, Kruse J, Criginski Cezar J, Klysubun W, Prietzel J. A Novel Approach for the Quantification of Different Inorganic and Organic Phosphorus Compounds in Environmental Samples by P L 2,3-Edge X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure (XANES) Spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:2812-2820. [PMID: 32068384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for life on Earth, with an important and oftentimes unaccounted organic biogeochemical component. Current methods for the quantification of different organic P compounds in environmental samples (e.g., soils, sediments) are based on extraction techniques and often associated with incomplete P recovery or sample changes. In this study, we present a protocol for the quantification of different organic and inorganic P species in soils using synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the P L2,3-edge. Its accuracy and precision was evaluated by analyzing 40 standard mixtures composed of seven different inorganic and organic P compounds (with a mean of R2 = 0.85). In addition, we quantified the P species of two soils and two agro-industrial byproducts using P L2,3-edge XANES spectroscopy and the results were compared with those obtained by P K-edge XANES or 31P NMR spectroscopy. Using the P L2,3-edge, we identified different organic P species, including those not identified by the common P K-edge XANES. However, there is a consistent underestimation of organic polyphosphates. Overall, the application of P L2,3-edge XANES provides a higher level of information than by P K-edge XANES, although the ubiquitous use of this novel methodology is still limited to samples with a phosphorus content above 3 mg g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Colocho Hurtarte
- Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Research Department Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Helen Carla Santana Amorim
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, 1001 Av. Doutor Silvio Menicucci, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Jens Kruse
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm Johnen Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University Bonn, Nussallee 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julio Criginski Cezar
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS) -Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP 13083-971, Brazil
| | - Wantana Klysubun
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute, Muang District, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Jörg Prietzel
- Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Research Department Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
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48
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Schryer A, Bradshaw K, Siciliano SD. Methodology and validation of a new tandem mass spectrometer method for the quantification of inorganic and organic 18O-phosphate species. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229172. [PMID: 32092104 PMCID: PMC7039501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) fertilizers are crucial to achieve peak productivity in agricultural systems. However, the fate of P fertilizers via microorganism incorporation and the exchange processes between soil pools is not well understood. 18Oxygen-labelled phosphate (18O- Pi) can be tracked as it cycles through soil systems. Our study describes biological and geochemical P dynamics using a tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method for the absolute quantification of 18O- Pi. Soil microcosms underwent three treatments: (i) 18O- Pi, (ii) unlabelled phosphate (16O- Pi) or (iii) Milli-Q control, dissolved in a bio-stimulatory solution. During a 6-week series the microcosms were sampled to measure P by Hedley sequential fractionation and DNA extraction samples digested to 3'-deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphates (dNMP). A MS/MS attached to a HPLC analyzed each P-species through collision-induced dissociation. The resin-extractable and bicarbonate 18O- Pi and 16O- Pi fractions displayed similar precipitation and adsorption-desorption trends. Biotic activity measured in the NaOH and dNMP fractions rapidly delabelled 18O- Pi; however, the MS/MS measured some 18O that remained between the P backbone and deoxyribose sugars. After 6 weeks, the 18O- Pi had not reached the HCl soil pool, highlighting the long-term nature of P movement. Our methodology improves on previous isotopic tracking methods as endogenous P does not dilute the system, unlike 32P techniques, and measured total P is not a ratio, dissimilar from natural abundance techniques. Measuring 18O- Pi using MS/MS provides information to enhance land sustainability and stewardship practices regardless of soil type by understanding both the inorganic movement of P fertilizers and the dynamic P pool in microbial DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimée Schryer
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Kris Bradshaw
- Federated Co-operatives Limited, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Steven D. Siciliano
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- * E-mail:
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49
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Damian JM, Firmano RF, Cherubin MR, Pavinato PS, de Marchi Soares T, Paustian K, Cerri CEP. Changes in soil phosphorus pool induced by pastureland intensification and diversification in Brazil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:135463. [PMID: 31757547 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The adoption of more intensive and diversified pasture systems is a promising alternative to improve sustainability of grazing lands in Brazil. Phosphorus (P) is one of the main determinants of ecosystem function in these management systems; therefore, we assessed the effects of adopting more intensive and diversified pasture management systems on soil P dynamics in a set of field experiments. Treatments included fertilized pasture (FP), integrated crop-livestock (ICL), integrated livestock-forest (ILF), compared to conventional management systems (CS) under contrasting climatic conditions (tropical humid, tropical mesic and subtropical). P fractions and total P were determined by soil layer to 1 m depth. Size and distribution of P stocks were related to soil organic matter (SOM) fractions and to clay type and content. Based on the results, P biological fraction represented 9% of P in the soil, on average, in CS under the three assessed climatic conditions. Management systems with FP and the ones with ICL and ILF mainly influenced labile (0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 Mg ha-1 yr-1, respectively), moderately labile (0.03, 0.01 and 0.07 Mg ha-1 yr-1, respectively) and total soil P fractions (0.21, 0.08 and 0.20 Mg ha-1 yr-1, respectively). Clay content and pH were the soil properties mostly related to P fractions; besides, P fractions presented close relationship with these fractions and with total soil C and N, as well as with different SOM fractions. These results can be the scientific basis for governmental initiatives focused on recovering degraded pasture sites in Brazil. The establishment of management practices that favor efficient P use are essential to improve the sustainability of production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júnior Melo Damian
- "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-260, Brazil; Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Ruan Francisco Firmano
- "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-260, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Sérgio Pavinato
- "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Thais de Marchi Soares
- "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Keith Paustian
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Kruse J, Koch M, Khoi CM, Braun G, Sebesvari Z, Amelung W. Land use change from permanent rice to alternating rice-shrimp or permanent shrimp in the coastal Mekong Delta, Vietnam: Changes in the nutrient status and binding forms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:134758. [PMID: 31767321 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Saline water intrusion has become a severe threat in the coastal areas of Mekong delta of Vietnam, though offering farmers the option to diversify their land use, and switching, for instance, from permanent rice to alternating rice-shrimp systems or even to permanent shrimp systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the respective impacts on soil salinity, nutrient status and their binding forms. Hence, we sampled the topsoils (cultivation layer, 0-15 cm) from 10 permanent rice systems and the rice platforms of 10 alternating riceshrimp systems. Furthermore, the sludges and the soils 10 cm underneath of the sludges from the ditches of the alternating rice-shrimp as well as from ponds of the permanent shrimp systems were sampled in Bến Tre and Sóc Trăng provinces, Vietnam, respectively. The samples were analyzed regarding their electric conductivity, total and plant-available nutrient contents. To reveal possible changes in nutrient binding forms, sequential P and S extraction, 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and S and P X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy were applied. The results showed that permanent and alternating shrimp cultivation lead to elevated salt concentrations but also improved the overall nutrient status relative to the permanent rice management and especially in the sludges relative to the soils underneath. The continued deposition of shrimp and feed debris promoted the accrual of stable, Ca- and Mg-associated P forms as well as of P-monoesters, whereas the S forms were depleted in thiophene S groups but enriched in sulfides relative to permanent rice fields. As effects by alternating rice-shrimp management were intermediate, this management has more potential to serve as a no-regret strategy for farmers to remain flexible in their response to climate changes and concurrent salinity intrusion relative to permanent shrimp production, which requires strict maintenance of adequate salinity levels also during the rainy season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Kruse
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University Bonn, Nussallee 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Institute for Bio- and Geosciences - IBG-3, Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Koch
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences - IBG-3, Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Chau Minh Khoi
- Soil Science Department, College of Agriculture and Applied Biological Sciences, Can Tho University, 3/2 Street, Can Tho City, Viet Nam
| | - Gianna Braun
- Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), United Nations University, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1, Bonn 53113, Germany
| | - Zita Sebesvari
- Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), United Nations University, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1, Bonn 53113, Germany
| | - Wulf Amelung
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University Bonn, Nussallee 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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