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Fine-Shamir N, Dahan A. Solubility-enabling formulations for oral delivery of lipophilic drugs: considering the solubility-permeability interplay for accelerated formulation development. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:13-29. [PMID: 38124383 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2298247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tackling low water solubility of drug candidates is a major challenge in today's pharmaceutics/biopharmaceutics, especially by means of modern solubility-enabling formulations. However, drug absorption from these formulations oftentimes remains unchanged or even decreases, despite substantial solubility enhancement. AREAS COVERED In this article, we overview the simultaneous effects of the formulation on the solubility and the apparent permeability of the drug, and analyze the contribution of this solubility-permeability interplay to the success/failure of the formulation to increase the overall absorption and bioavailability. Three different patterns of interplay were identified: (1) solubility-permeability tradeoff in which every solubility gain comes with a price of concomitant permeability loss; (2) an advantageous interplay pattern in which the permeability remains unchanged alongside the solubility gain; and (3) an optimal interplay pattern in which the formulation increases both the solubility and the permeability. Passive vs. active intestinal permeability considerations in the context of the solubility-permeability interplay are also thoroughly discussed. EXPERT OPINION The solubility-permeability interplay pattern of a given formulation has a critical effect on its overall success/failure, and hence, taking into account both parameters in solubility-enabling formulation development is prudent and highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Fine-Shamir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Arik Dahan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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2
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Takagi T, Masada T, Minami K, Kataoka M, Yamashita S. Development of an In Vitro Methodology to Assess the Bioequivalence of Orally Disintegrating Tablets Taken without Water. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2192. [PMID: 37765162 PMCID: PMC10535823 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the probability of bioequivalence (BE) between orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) taken without water and conventional tablets (CTs) taken with water, an in vitro biorelevant methodology was developed using the BE Checker, which reproduces fluid shifts in the gastrointestinal tract and drug permeation. In addition to the fluid shift from the stomach to the small intestine, the process of ODT disintegration in a small amount of fluid in the oral cavity and the difference in gastric emptying caused by differences in water intake were incorporated into the evaluation protocol. Assuming a longer time to maximum plasma concentration after oral administration of ODTs taken without water than for CTs taken with water due to a delay in gastric emptying, the fluid shift in the donor chamber of the BE Checker without water was set longer than that taken with water. In the case of naftopidil ODTs and CTs, the values of the f2 function, representing the similarity of the permeation profiles, were 50 or higher when the fluid shift in ODTs taken without water was set at 1.5 or 2 times longer than that of the CTs taken with water. The values of the f2 function in permeation profiles of pitavastatin and memantine ODTs were both 62 when the optimized experimental settings for naftopidil formulations were applied. This methodology can be useful in formulation studies for estimating the BE probability between ODTs and CTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihide Takagi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Takato Masada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Keiko Minami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Makoto Kataoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamashita
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
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3
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Tsume Y. Evaluation and prediction of oral drug absorption and bioequivalence with food-drug interaction. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 50:100502. [PMID: 37001300 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2023.100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the impacts on the in vivo prediction of oral bioavailability (BA) and bioequivalence (BE) based on Biopharmaceutical classification systems (BCS) by the food-drug interaction (food effect) and the gastrointestinal (GI) environmental change. Various in vitro and in silico predictive methodologies have been used to expect the BA and BE of the test oral formulation. Food intake changes the GI physiology and environment, which affect oral drug absorption and its BE evaluation. Even though the pHs and bile acids in the GI tract would have significant influence on drug dissolution and, hence, oral drug absorption, those impacts largely depend on the physicochemical properties of oral medicine, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). BCS class I and III drugs are high soluble drugs in the physiological pH range, food-drug interaction may not affect their BA. On the other hand, BCS class II and IV drugs have pH-dependent solubility, and the more bile acid secretion and the pH changes by food intake might affect their BA. In this report, the GI physiological changes between the fasted and fed states are described and the prediction on the oral drug absorption by food-drug interaction have been introduced.
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Wuelfing WP, El Marrouni A, Lipert MP, Daublain P, Kesisoglou F, Converso A, Templeton AC. Dose Number as a Tool to Guide Lead Optimization for Orally Bioavailable Compounds in Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2022; 65:1685-1694. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Peter Wuelfing
- Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | | | - Maya P. Lipert
- AbbVie, Inc., 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Pierre Daublain
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 United States
| | | | - Antonella Converso
- Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Allen C. Templeton
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065 United States
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De Simone A, Davani L, Montanari S, Tumiatti V, Avanessian S, Testi F, Andrisano V. Combined Methodologies for Determining In Vitro Bioavailability of Drugs and Prediction of In Vivo Bioequivalence From Pharmaceutical Oral Formulations. Front Chem 2021; 9:741876. [PMID: 34805090 PMCID: PMC8597939 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.741876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim of developing an in vitro model for the bioavailability (BA) prediction of drugs, we focused on the study of levonorgestrel (LVN) released by 1.5 mg generic and brand-name tablets. The developed method consisted in combining a standard dissolution test with an optimized parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) to gain insights into both drug release and gastrointestinal absorption. Interestingly, the obtained results revealed that the tablet standard dissolution test, combined with an optimized PAMPA, highlighted a significant decrease in the release (15 ± 0.01 μg min−1 vs 30 ± 0.01 μg min−1) and absorption (19 ± 7 × 10–6 ± 7 cm/s Pe vs 41 ± 15 × 10–6 cm/s Pe) profiles of a generic LVN tablet when compared to the brand-name formulation, explaining unbalanced in vivo bioequivalence (BE). By using this new approach, we could determine the actual LVN drug concentration dissolved in the medium, which theoretically can permeate the gastrointestinal (GI) barrier. In fact, insoluble LVN/excipient aggregates were found in the dissolution media giving rise to non-superimposable dissolution profiles between generic and brand-name LVN tablets. Hence, the results obtained by combining the dissolution test and PAMPA method provided important insights confirming that the combined methods can be useful in revealing crucial issues in the prediction of in vivo BE of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A De Simone
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - L Davani
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - S Montanari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - V Tumiatti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - F Testi
- Valpharma International S.p.A., Rimini, Italy
| | - V Andrisano
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
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6
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New biphasic system in side-by-side chambers for testing drug dissolution and permeation in vitro (BiDP system). J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Masada T, Takagi T, Minami K, Kataoka M, Izutsu KI, Matsui K, Yamashita S. Bioequivalence of Oral Drug Products in the Healthy and Special Populations: Assessment and Prediction Using a Newly Developed In Vitro System "BE Checker". Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081136. [PMID: 34452100 PMCID: PMC8398564 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to assess and predict the bioequivalence (BE) of oral drug products, a new in vitro system "BE checker" was developed, which reproduced the environmental changes in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract by changing the pH, composition, and volume of the medium in a single chamber. The dissolution and membrane permeation profiles of drugs from marketed products were observed in the BE checker under various conditions reflecting the inter-patient variations of the GI physiology. As variable factors, initial gastric pH, gastric emptying time, and GI agitation strength were varied in vitro. Dipyridamole, a basic drug, showed rapid and supersaturated dissolution when the paddle speed in the donor chamber was 200 rpm, which corresponds to the high agitation strength in the stomach. In contrast, supersaturated dissolution disappeared, and the permeated amount decreased under the conditions with a slow paddle speed (100 and 50 rpm) and short gastric emptying time (10 min). In those conditions, disintegration of the formulation was delayed, and the subsequent dissolution of dipyridamole was not completed before the fluid pH was changed to neutral. Similar results were obtained when the initial gastric pH was increased to 3.0, 5.0, and 6.5. To investigate that those factors also affect the BE of oral drug products, dissolution and permeation of naftopidil from its ordinary and orally disintegrating (OD) tablets were observed in the BE checker. Both products showed the similar dissolution profiles when the paddle speed and gastric emptying time were set to 100 rpm and 10 or 20 min, respectively. However, at a low paddle speed (50 rpm), the dissolution of naftopidil from ordinary tablets was slower than that from the OD tablets, and the permeation profiles became dissimilar. These results indicated the possibility of the bioinequivalence of some oral formulations in special patients whose GI physiologies are different from those in the healthy subjects. The BE checker can be a highly capable in vitro tool to assess the BE of oral drug products in various populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takato Masada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan; (T.M.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Toshihide Takagi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan; (T.M.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Keiko Minami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan; (T.M.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Makoto Kataoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan; (T.M.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Ken-ichi Izutsu
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan;
| | - Kazuki Matsui
- Sawai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Osaka 532-0003, Japan;
| | - Shinji Yamashita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan; (T.M.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-866-3125
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8
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Rodriguez N, Grosso M, Galvez B, Calderon G, Lau L, Turner VA, Hidalgo IJ. Evaluation of the In-Vitro Dissolution Permeation Systems 1 (IDAS1) as a potential tool to monitor for unexpected changes in generic medicaments in poorly regulated markets. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 161:105791. [PMID: 33691154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Panama, like most Latin American countries, has insufficient regulatory safeguards to ensure the safety and efficacy of all pharmaceutical products in the market, a situation that results in a two-tier system, where affluent citizens can afford innovator products while poor citizens must consume 'generics' of uncertain quality. Given that one lot of each drug product is analyzed every five years during registration while commercial lots are not, and since most products are not bioequivalent but simply copies or similars, there is a concern that commercial and registration lots of these 'generics' may not be of the same quality. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of various in vitro quality control tests to detect difference among five amlodipine products available in the Panamanian market: four 'generics', made in various countries, and the innovator, made in Germany and used as reference listed drug in Panama (Pan-RLD). The innovator manufactured in the United States (US-RLD) was used to compare the two RLDs. The Content Uniformity test, 30-min Dissolution test and multiple-pH Dissolution Profiles did not show any difference among the products. However, the in vitro dissolution absorption system 1 (IDAS1) showed a statistically significant difference in the amount dissolved between Pan-RLD and three out of the four 'generics', and significantly lower permeated amount for all the 'generics' compared with Pan-RLD; only US-RLD was similar to Pan-RLD. Thus, IDAS1 showed promise as a potential tool that authorities in weakly regulated markets can use to monitor for possible lot-to-lot product changes, which can help improve the quality of pharmaceutical products available to their entire populations. The significance of the similarity between the innovators made in Germany and the United States and their difference from the 'generics' (manufactured in other countries) is not known but deserves investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Rodriguez
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; School of Pharmacy, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Manuel Grosso
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; Medipan, S.A., Buena Vista, Colón, Rep. Panama
| | - Blanca Galvez
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; Medipan, S.A., Buena Vista, Colón, Rep. Panama
| | - Ginna Calderon
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama
| | - Lily Lau
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama
| | - Vilma A Turner
- Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; School of Pharmacy, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Ismael J Hidalgo
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; Absorption Systems, L.P., Exton, PA; To Whom correspondence should be addressed
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9
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Vinarov Z, Abrahamsson B, Artursson P, Batchelor H, Berben P, Bernkop-Schnürch A, Butler J, Ceulemans J, Davies N, Dupont D, Flaten GE, Fotaki N, Griffin BT, Jannin V, Keemink J, Kesisoglou F, Koziolek M, Kuentz M, Mackie A, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, McAllister M, Müllertz A, O'Driscoll CM, Parrott N, Paszkowska J, Pavek P, Porter CJH, Reppas C, Stillhart C, Sugano K, Toader E, Valentová K, Vertzoni M, De Wildt SN, Wilson CG, Augustijns P. Current challenges and future perspectives in oral absorption research: An opinion of the UNGAP network. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:289-331. [PMID: 33610694 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although oral drug delivery is the preferred administration route and has been used for centuries, modern drug discovery and development pipelines challenge conventional formulation approaches and highlight the insufficient mechanistic understanding of processes critical to oral drug absorption. This review presents the opinion of UNGAP scientists on four key themes across the oral absorption landscape: (1) specific patient populations, (2) regional differences in the gastrointestinal tract, (3) advanced formulations and (4) food-drug interactions. The differences of oral absorption in pediatric and geriatric populations, the specific issues in colonic absorption, the formulation approaches for poorly water-soluble (small molecules) and poorly permeable (peptides, RNA etc.) drugs, as well as the vast realm of food effects, are some of the topics discussed in detail. The identified controversies and gaps in the current understanding of gastrointestinal absorption-related processes are used to create a roadmap for the future of oral drug absorption research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahari Vinarov
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bertil Abrahamsson
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Artursson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hannah Batchelor
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Berben
- Pharmaceutical Development, UCB Pharma SA, Braine- l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - James Butler
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Ware, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nigel Davies
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Gøril Eide Flaten
- Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nikoletta Fotaki
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin Kuentz
- Institute for Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alan Mackie
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Anette Müllertz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Petr Pavek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | - Christos Reppas
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Kiyohiko Sugano
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Elena Toader
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Vertzoni
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Saskia N De Wildt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Clive G Wilson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Thakral NK, Meister E, Jankovsky C, Li L, Schwabe R, Luo L, Chen S. Prediction of in vivo supersaturation and precipitation of poorly water-soluble drugs: Achievements and aspirations. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120505. [PMID: 33753162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on options available to a pharmaceutical scientist to predict in vivo supersaturation and precipitation of poorly water-soluble drugs. As no single device or system can simulate the complex gastrointestinal environment, a combination of appropriate in vitro tools may be utilized to get optimal predictive information. To address the empirical issues encountered during small-scale and full-scale in vitro predictive testing, theoretical background and relevant case studies are discussed. The practical considerations for selection of appropriate tools at various stages of drug development are recommended. Upcoming technologies that have potential to further reduce in vivo studies and expedite the drug development process are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen K Thakral
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States.
| | - Eva Meister
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
| | - Corinne Jankovsky
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
| | - Li Li
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States; Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Robert Schwabe
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
| | - Laibin Luo
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
| | - Shirlynn Chen
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
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11
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Kataoka M, Nakanishi R, Umesaki M, Kobayashi M, Minami K, Higashino H, Yamaguchi S, Yamashita S. An enteric polymer mitigates the effects of gastric pH on oral absorption of poorly soluble weak acid drugs from supersaturable formulations: A case study with dantrolene. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 155:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Akiyama Y, Ito S, Fujita T, Sugano K. Prediction of negative food effect induced by bile micelle binding on oral absorption of hydrophilic cationic drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 155:105543. [PMID: 32927073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to quantitatively predict the negative food effect induced by bile micelle binding on the oral absorption of hydrophilic cationic drugs. The intrinsic membrane permeability and bile micelle unbound fraction of 12 model drugs (7 tertiary amines, 3 quaternary ammoniums, and 2 neutral drugs) were calculated from the experimental Caco-2 permeability data (Papp) under fasted and fed conditions. From these input data, the fraction of a dose absorbed (Fa) was predicted using the gastrointestinal unified theoretical framework, a mechanism-based oral absorption model. The predicted Fa ratio (fed/fasted) was then compared with the in vivo fed/fasted area under the plasma concentration-time curve ratio (AUCr). The AUCr values of tertiary amines and neutral drugs were appropriately predicted (absolute average fold error (AAFE) = 1.19), whereas those of quaternary ammoniums were markedly underestimated (AAFE = 4.70). The Papp ratio (fed/fasted) predicted AUCr less quantitatively (AAFE = 1.30 for tertiary amines and neutral drugs). The results of the present study would lead to a better understanding of negative food effect on oral drug absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Akiyama
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan.
| | - Soichiro Ito
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan
| | - Takuya Fujita
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Sugano
- Molecular Pharmaceutics Lab, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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13
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Hens B, Kataoka M, Ueda K, Gao P, Tsume Y, Augustijns P, Kawakami K, Yamashita S. Biopredictive in vitro testing methods to assess intestinal drug absorption from supersaturating dosage forms. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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14
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Tsume Y, Igawa N, Drelich AJ, Ruan H, Amidon GE, Amidon GL. The in vivo predictive dissolution for immediate release dosage of donepezil and danazol, BCS class IIc drugs, with the GIS and the USP II with biphasic dissolution apparatus. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Minami K, Takazawa A, Taniguchi Y, Higashino H, Kataoka M, Asai T, Oku N, Yamashita S. Challenge for oral delivery of middle-molecular drugs: Use of osmolarity-sensitive liposome as a drug carrier in the GI tract. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Silchenko S, Nessah N, Li J, Li LB, Huang Y, Owen AJ, Hidalgo IJ. In vitro dissolution absorption system (IDAS2): Use for the prediction of food viscosity effects on drug dissolution and absorption from oral solid dosage forms. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 143:105164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Li J, Bukhtiyarov Y, Spivey N, Force C, Hidalgo C, Huang Y, Owen AJ, Hidalgo IJ. In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of the Potential of Supersaturation to Enhance the Absorption of Poorly Soluble Basic Drugs. J Pharm Innov 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-019-09404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Effects of absorption-modifying excipients on jejunal drug absorption in simulated fasted and fed luminal conditions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:387-395. [PMID: 31306752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration of drug products is the preferred administration route. In recent decades there has been an increase in drug candidates with low solubility and/or low permeability. To increase the possibility of oral administration for the poorly permeating drugs, the use of absorption modifying excipients (AMEs) has been proposed. These types of AMEs may also affect the regulatory assessment of a novel drug delivery system if they affect the absorption of a drug from any of the four BCS classes. The effects of AMEs have previously been investigated in various animal models, including the single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) in rats. To further improve the biorelevance and the in vivo predictiveness of the SPIP model, four compounds (atenolol, enalaprilat, ketoprofen, metoprolol) were perfused in fasted or fed state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF or FeSSIF) together with the AMEs N-acetyl-cysteine, caprate, or sodium dodecyl sulfate. For the highly soluble and poorly permeating compounds enalaprilat and atenolol (BCS class III), the flux was increased the most by the addition of SDS in both FaSSIF and FeSSIF. For ketoprofen (BCS class II), the flux decreased in the presence of all AMEs in at least one of the perfusion media. The flux of metoprolol (BCS class I) was not affected by any of the excipients in none of simulated prandial states. The changes in magnitude in the absorption of the compounds were in general smaller in FeSSIF than in FaSSIF. This may be explained by a reduced free concentration AMEs in FeSSIF. Further, the results in FeSSIF were similar to those from intrajejunal bolus administration in rat in a previous study. This suggests that the biorelevance of the SPIP method may be increased when investigating the effects of AMEs, by the addition of intraluminal constituents representative to fasted and/or fed state to the inlet perfusate.
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19
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Li J, Li LB, Nessah N, Huang Y, Hidalgo C, Owen A, Hidalgo IJ. Simultaneous Analysis of Dissolution and Permeation Profiles of Nanosized and Microsized Formulations of Indomethacin Using the In Vitro Dissolution Absorption System 2. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:2334-2340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Successful oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs both depends on the intraluminal behavior of drugs and of appropriate advanced drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 137:104967. [PMID: 31252052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.104967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Poorly water-soluble drugs continue to be a problematic, yet important class of pharmaceutical compounds for treatment of a wide range of diseases. Their prevalence in discovery is still high, and their development is usually limited by our lack of a complete understanding of how the complex chemical, physiological and biochemical processes that occur between administration and absorption individually and together impact on bioavailability. This review defines the challenge presented by these drugs, outlines contemporary strategies to solve this challenge, and consequent in silico and in vitro evaluation of the delivery technologies for poorly water-soluble drugs. The next steps and unmet needs are proposed to present a roadmap for future studies for the field to consider enabling progress in delivery of poorly water-soluble compounds.
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21
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Shrivas M, Khunt D, Shrivas M, Choudhari M, Rathod R, Misra M. Advances in In Vivo Predictive Dissolution Testing of Solid Oral Formulations: How Closer to In Vivo Performance? J Pharm Innov 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-019-09392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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22
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Halder S, Suzuki H, Seto Y, Sato H, Onoue S. Megestrol acetate-loaded self-micellizing solid dispersion system for improved oral absorption and reduced food effect. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Zhang Z, Zhang R, McClements DJ. Establishing the impact of food matrix effects on the bioaccessibility of nutraceuticals and pesticides using a standardized food model. Food Funct 2019; 10:1375-1385. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02368a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
It is important to establish the impact of food matrix effects on the bioaccessibility of co-ingested substances, such as nutraceuticals, engineered nanomaterials, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipei Zhang
- Department of Food Science
- University of Massachusetts
- Amherst
- USA
| | - Ruojie Zhang
- Department of Food Science
- University of Massachusetts
- Amherst
- USA
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24
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Li J, Tsinman K, Tsinman O, Wigman L. Using pH Gradient Dissolution with In-Situ Flux Measurement to Evaluate Bioavailability and DDI for Formulated Poorly Soluble Drug Products. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:2898-2907. [PMID: 30209787 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study described a pH-gradient dissolution method combined with flux measurements as an in vitro tool for assessing the risk of bioavailability reduction due to drug-drug interactions (DDI) caused by acid reducing agents (ARAs). The device incorporates absorption chambers into USP II dissolution vessels, with fiber optic UV-probes monitoring concentration in situ. Dosage forms of Genentech BCS class II drugs, GDC-0810, GDC-0941, and compound A, were tested by starting the dissolution in either pH 1.6 or pH 4.0 media then converting to FaSSIF after 30 min. GDC-0810 showed no significant difference in flux between the two conversion experiments. A supersaturation phase was observed for GDC-0941 in the pH 1.6 experiments after media conversion to FaSSIF; however, it did not appear to occur in the pH 4.0 experiment due to low drug solubility at pH 4.0, resulting in a 95% decrease in flux compared to pH 1.6 experiment. The extent of flux reduction and the total accumulated API mass in the absorption chamber agreed well with the 89% reduction in mean Cmax and the 82% reduction in mean AUC from dog PK study between animals treated with pentagastrin and famotidine. Testing of the compound A optimized formulation tablets showed a 25% reduction in flux and in vitro absorbed amount by changing pH 1.6 to 4.0, correlating well with the AUC decrease in clinical studies. Good correlation between in vitro data and in vivo PK data demonstrated the applicability of the method for formulators to develop drug products mitigating DDI from ARAs.
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25
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Pentafragka C, Symillides M, McAllister M, Dressman J, Vertzoni M, Reppas C. The impact of food intake on the luminal environment and performance of oral drug products with a view to in vitro and in silico simulations: a PEARRL review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 71:557-580. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Using the type of meal and dosing conditions suggested by regulatory agencies as a basis, this review has two specific objectives: first, to summarize our understanding on the impact of food intake on luminal environment and drug product performance and second, to summarize the usefulness and limitations of available in vitro and in silico methodologies for the evaluation of drug product performance after food intake.
Key findings
Characterization of the luminal environment and studies evaluating product performance in the lumen, under conditions suggested by regulatory agencies for simulating the fed state, are limited. Various in vitro methodologies have been proposed for evaluating drug product performance in the fed state, but systematic validation is lacking. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling approaches require the use of in vitro biorelevant data and, to date, have been used primarily for investigating the mechanisms via which an already observed food effect is mediated.
Summary
Better understanding of the impact of changes induced by the meal administration conditions suggested by regulatory agencies on the luminal fate of the drug product is needed. Relevant information will be useful for optimizing the in vitro test methods and increasing the usefulness of PBPK modelling methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pentafragka
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mira Symillides
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Jennifer Dressman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Maria Vertzoni
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Reppas
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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26
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Mizoguchi M, Kataoka M, Yokoyama K, Aihara R, Wada K, Yamashita S. Application of an In Vitro Dissolution/Permeation System to Early Screening of Oral Formulations of Poorly Soluble, Weakly Basic Drugs Containing an Acidic pH-Modifier. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:2404-2410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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27
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Guo M, Wang K, Qiao N, Yardley V, Li M. Investigating Permeation Behavior of Flufenamic Acid Cocrystals Using a Dissolution and Permeation System. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4257-4272. [PMID: 30080976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The dissolution and permeation of the cocrystals, flufenamic acid-nicotinamide (FFA-NIC) and flufenamic acid-theophylline (FFA-TP), have been investigated in the presence of two polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate (PVP-VA), using a dissolution/permeation (D/P) system. It showed that the types and concentrations of the polymers and their interactions with the coformers had significant effects on the dissolution and permeation of the FFA cocrystals. The role of PVP as a stabilizing agent was not altered in spite of its interaction with the coformer of NIC or TP, which was supported by the proportional flux rate of FFA to the dissolution performance parameter (DPP). With an appropriate PVP concentration, the maximal flux rate of FFA could be obtained for a given FFA cocrystal. The situation was complicated in the presence of PVP-VA. The role of PVP-VA could change because of its association with the coformers, i.e., from a stabilizing agent to a solubilization agent. In addition, PVP-VA reduced the flux rate of FFA, in contrast to its DPP for FFA cocrystals. Finally, 1H NMR provided evidence regarding the molecular interactions between FFA, coformers, and polymers at the atomic level and gave insight into the mechanism underlying the supersaturated solution and subsequent permeation behavior of the cocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minshan Guo
- School of Pharmacy , De Montfort University , Leicester LE1 9BH , U.K
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy , De Montfort University , Leicester LE1 9BH , U.K
| | - Ning Qiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , North China University of Science and Technology , Tangshan 063210 , Hebei , China
| | - Vanessa Yardley
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Faculty of Infectious & Tropical Diseases , London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Keppel Street , London WC1E 7HT , U.K
| | - Mingzhong Li
- School of Pharmacy , De Montfort University , Leicester LE1 9BH , U.K
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28
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Shibuya K, Kawamine K, Miura T, Ozaki C, Edano T, Mizuno K, Yoshinaka Y, Tsunenari Y. Design, synthesis and pharmacology of aortic-selective acyl-CoA: Cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT/SOAT) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4001-4013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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29
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Li ZQ, Tian S, Gu H, Wu ZG, Nyagblordzro M, Feng G, He X. In Vitro-In Vivo Predictive Dissolution-Permeation-Absorption Dynamics of Highly Permeable Drug Extended-Release Tablets via Drug Dissolution/Absorption Simulating System and pH Alteration. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:1882-1893. [PMID: 29663288 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-0996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Each of dissolution and permeation may be a rate-limiting factor in the absorption of oral drug delivery. But the current dissolution test rarely took into consideration of the permeation property. Drug dissolution/absorption simulating system (DDASS) valuably gave an insight into the combination of drug dissolution and permeation processes happening in human gastrointestinal tract. The simulated gastric/intestinal fluid of DDASS was improved in this study to realize the influence of dynamic pH change on the complete oral dosage form. To assess the effectiveness of DDASS, six high-permeability drugs were chosen as model drugs, including theophylline (pKa1 = 3.50, pKa2 = 8.60), diclofenac (pKa = 4.15), isosorbide 5-mononitrate (pKa = 7.00), sinomenine (pKa = 7.98), alfuzosin (pKa = 8.13), and metoprolol (pKa = 9.70). A general elution and permeation relationship of their commercially available extended-release tablets was assessed as well as the relationship between the cumulative permeation and the apparent permeability. The correlations between DDASS elution and USP apparatus 2 (USP2) dissolution and also between DDASS permeation and beagle dog absorption were developed to estimate the predictability of DDASS. As a result, the common elution-dissolution relationship was established regardless of some variance in the characteristic behavior between DDASS and USP2 for drugs dependent on the pH for dissolution. Level A in vitro-in vivo correlation between DDASS permeation and dog absorption was developed for drugs with different pKa. The improved DDASS will be a promising tool to provide a screening method on the predictive dissolution-permeation-absorption dynamics of solid drug dosage forms in the early-phase formulation development.
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30
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Hate SS, Reutzel-Edens SM, Taylor LS. Absorptive Dissolution Testing of Supersaturating Systems: Impact of Absorptive Sink Conditions on Solution Phase Behavior and Mass Transport. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:4052-4063. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siddhi S. Hate
- Department
of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Susan M. Reutzel-Edens
- Lilly
Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department
of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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31
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In vivo analysis of supersaturation/precipitation/absorption behavior after oral administration of pioglitazone hydrochloride salt; determinant site of oral absorption. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:431-438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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32
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Sironi D, Christensen M, Rosenberg J, Bauer-Brandl A, Brandl M. Evaluation of a dynamic dissolution/permeation model: Mutual influence of dissolution and barrier-flux under non-steady state conditions. Int J Pharm 2017; 522:50-57. [PMID: 28263834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Combined dissolution/permeation testing is gaining increasing attention as an in vitro tool for predictive performance ranking of enabling oral formulations. The current aim was to study how in vitro drug permeation evolves under conditions, where the donor concentration is changing (non-steady state). To this end, a model case was construed: compacts of pure crystalline hydrocortisone methanolate (HC·MeOH) of slow release rates were prepared, and their dissolution and permeation determined simultaneously in a side-by-side setup, separated by a biomimetic barrier (Permeapad®). This was compared to a corresponding setup for a suspension of micronized hydrocortisone (HC). The HC suspension showed constant dissolved HC concentration and constant flux across the barrier, representing the permeation-limited situation. For the HC·MeOH compacts, various dynamic scenarios were observed, where dissolution rate and flux influenced each other. Interestingly, for all the dynamic scenarios, the incremental flux values obtained correlated nicely with the corresponding actual donor concentrations. Furthermore, donor depletion was tested using a HC solution. The dynamic interplay between decrease in donor concentration (down to less than 10% of the initial concentration) and flux was studied. The experiences gained are discussed in terms of further developing combined dissolution/permeation setups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sironi
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Mette Christensen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jörg Rosenberg
- AbbVie GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstraße 50, D-67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Annette Bauer-Brandl
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Martin Brandl
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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33
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Dissolution and dissolution/permeation experiments for predicting systemic exposure following oral administration of the BCS class II drug clarithromycin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 101:211-219. [PMID: 28179133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to save time and resources in early drug development, in vitro methods that correctly predict the formulation effect on oral drug absorption are necessary. The aim of this study was to 1) evaluate various BCS class II drug formulations with in vitro methods and in vivo in order to 2) determine which in vitro method best correlates with the in vivo results. Clarithromycin served as model compound in formulations with different particle sizes and content of excipients. The performed in vitro experiments were dissolution and dissolution/permeation experiments across two types of membrane, Caco-2 cells and excised rat intestinal sheets. The in vivo study was performed in rats. The oral absorption was enhanced by downsizing drug particles and by increasing the excipient concentration. This correlated strongly with the flux across Caco-2 cells but not with the other in vitro experiments. The insufficient correlation with the dissolution experiments can be partly explained by excipient caused problems during the filtration step. The very poor correlation of the in vivo data with the flux across excised rat intestinal sheets might be due to an artificially enlarged mucus layer ex vivo. In conclusion, downsizing BCS class II drug particles and the addition of surfactants enhanced the in vivo absorption, which was best depicted by dissolution/permeation experiments across Caco-2 cells. This setup is proposed as best model to predict the in vivo formulation effect. Also, this is the first study to evaluate the impact of the nature of the permeation membrane in dissolution/permeation experiments.
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34
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Miyaji Y, Fujii Y, Takeyama S, Kawai Y, Kataoka M, Takahashi M, Yamashita S. Advantage of the Dissolution/Permeation System for Estimating Oral Absorption of Drug Candidates in the Drug Discovery Stage. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1564-74. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Miyaji
- Center
for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Yoshimine Fujii
- Center
for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Shoko Takeyama
- Center
for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kawai
- Center
for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Makoto Kataoka
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takahashi
- Center
for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamashita
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
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35
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Raman S, Polli JE. Prediction of positive food effect: Bioavailability enhancement of BCS class II drugs. Int J Pharm 2016; 506:110-5. [PMID: 27067239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput screening methods have increased the number of poorly water-soluble, highly permeable drug candidates. Many of these candidates have increased bioavailability when administered with food (i.e., exhibit a positive food effect). Food is known to impact drug bioavailability through a variety of mechanisms, including drug solubilization and prolonged gastric residence time. In vitro dissolution media that aim to mimic in vivo gastrointestinal (GI) conditions have been developed to lessen the need for fed human bioequivalence studies. The objective of this work was to develop an in vitro lipolysis model to predict positive food effect of three BCS Class II drugs (i.e., danazol, amiodarone and ivermectin) in previously developed lipolysis media. This in vitro lipolysis model was comparatively benchmarked against FeSSIF and FaSSIF media that were modified for an in vitro lipolysis approach, as FeSSIF and FaSSIF are widely used in in vitro dissolution studies. The in vitro lipolysis model accurately predicted the in vivo positive food effect for three model BCS class II drugs. The in vitro lipolysis model has potential use as a screening test of drug candidates in early development to assess positive food effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddarth Raman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - James E Polli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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36
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Kataoka M, Fukahori M, Ikemura A, Kubota A, Higashino H, Sakuma S, Yamashita S. Effects of gastric pH on oral drug absorption: In vitro assessment using a dissolution/permeation system reflecting the gastric dissolution process. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 101:103-11. [PMID: 26873006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of gastric pH on the oral absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs using an in vitro system. A dissolution/permeation system (D/P system) equipped with a Caco-2 cell monolayer was used as the in vitro system to evaluate oral drug absorption, while a small vessel filled with simulated gastric fluid (SGF) was used to reflect the gastric dissolution phase. After applying drugs in their solid forms to SGF, SGF solution containing a 1/100 clinical dose of each drug was mixed with the apical solution of the D/P system, which was changed to fasted state-simulated intestinal fluid. Dissolved and permeated amounts on applied amount of drugs were then monitored for 2h. Similar experiments were performed using the same drugs, but without the gastric phase. Oral absorption with or without the gastric phase was predicted in humans based on the amount of the drug that permeated in the D/P system, assuming that the system without the gastric phase reflected human absorption with an elevated gastric pH. The dissolved amounts of basic drugs with poor water solubility, namely albendazole, dipyridamole, and ketoconazole, in the apical solution and their permeation across a Caco-2 cell monolayer were significantly enhanced when the gastric dissolution process was reflected due to the physicochemical properties of basic drugs. These amounts resulted in the prediction of higher oral absorption with normal gastric pH than with high gastric pH. On the other hand, when diclofenac sodium, the salt form of an acidic drug, was applied to the D/P system with the gastric phase, its dissolved and permeated amounts were significantly lower than those without the gastric phase. However, the oral absorption of diclofenac was predicted to be complete (96-98%) irrespective of gastric pH because the permeated amounts of diclofenac under both conditions were sufficiently high to achieve complete absorption. These estimations of the effects of gastric pH on the oral absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs were consistent with observations in humans. In conclusion, the D/P system with the gastric phase may be a useful tool for better predicting the oral absorption of poorly water-soluble basic drugs. In addition, the effects of gastric pH on the oral absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs may be evaluated by the D/P system with and without the gastric phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kataoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan.
| | - Miho Fukahori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Atsumi Ikemura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kubota
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Haruki Higashino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Shinji Sakuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamashita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
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37
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Yano K, Kataoka M, Ono S, Hiramatsu M, Matsumoto I, Kim SI, Higashino H, Sakuma S, Yamashita S. Evaluation of dose-dependent oral absorption of a newly developed drug candidate: In vitro-in vivo correlation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Khoshakhlagh P, Johnson R, Langguth P, Nawroth T, Schmueser L, Hellmann N, Decker H, Szekely NK. Fasted-State Simulated Intestinal Fluid "FaSSIF-C", a Cholesterol Containing Intestinal Model Medium for In Vitro Drug Delivery Development. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:2213-24. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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39
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Gradauer K, Nishiumi A, Unrinin K, Higashino H, Kataoka M, Pedersen BL, Buckley ST, Yamashita S. Interaction with Mixed Micelles in the Intestine Attenuates the Permeation Enhancing Potential of Alkyl-Maltosides. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2245-53. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500776a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Gradauer
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
- Global
Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
| | - Ayano Nishiumi
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Kota Unrinin
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Haruki Higashino
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Makoto Kataoka
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | | | | | - Shinji Yamashita
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
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40
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Influence of Food on Paediatric Gastrointestinal Drug Absorption Following Oral Administration: A Review. CHILDREN-BASEL 2015; 2:244-71. [PMID: 27417362 PMCID: PMC4928757 DOI: 10.3390/children2020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to review existing information regarding food effects on drug absorption within paediatric populations. Mechanisms that underpin food-drug interactions were examined to consider potential differences between adult and paediatric populations, to provide insights into how this may alter the pharmacokinetic profile in a child. Relevant literature was searched to retrieve information on food-drug interaction studies undertaken on: (i) paediatric oral drug formulations; and (ii) within paediatric populations. The applicability of existing methodology to predict food effects in adult populations was evaluated with respect to paediatric populations where clinical data was available. Several differences in physiology, anatomy and the composition of food consumed within a paediatric population are likely to lead to food-drug interactions that cannot be predicted based on adult studies. Existing methods to predict food effects cannot be directly extrapolated to allow predictions within paediatric populations. Development of systematic methods and guidelines is needed to address the general lack of information on examining food-drug interactions within paediatric populations.
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41
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Matsui K, Tsume Y, Amidon GE, Amidon GL. In Vitro Dissolution of Fluconazole and Dipyridamole in Gastrointestinal Simulator (GIS), Predicting in Vivo Dissolution and Drug–Drug Interaction Caused by Acid-Reducing Agents. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2418-28. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Matsui
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
- Pharmacokinetics
and Safety Laboratory, Discovery Research, Pharmaceutical Research
Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 722 Uenohara, Jimba, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsume
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
| | - Gregory E. Amidon
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
| | - Gordon L. Amidon
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
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42
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Kamei N, Aoyama Y, Khafagy ES, Henmi M, Takeda-Morishita M. Effect of different intestinal conditions on the intermolecular interaction between insulin and cell-penetrating peptide penetratin and on its contribution to stimulation of permeation through intestinal epithelium. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:42-51. [PMID: 25960330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Our recent studies have shown that the coadministration of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) is a potential strategy for oral delivery of peptide- and protein-based biopharmaceuticals. The intermolecular interaction between drug and CPP is an essential factor in the effective delivery of these drugs, but the characteristics of the interaction under the conditions of the intestinal lumen remain unknown. In this study, therefore, we examined the characteristics of binding of the amphipathic CPP penetratin to insulin and the efficiency of its enhancement of epithelial insulin transport at different pH and in simulated intestinal fluids (SIFs). The binding between insulin and penetratin was pH dependent and particularly decreased at pH 5.0. In addition, we clarified that the sodium taurocholate (NaTC) present in two types of SIF (fasted-state SIF [FaSSIF] and fed-state SIF [FeSSIF]) affected binding efficiency. However, the permeation of insulin through a Caco-2 cell monolayer was significantly facilitated by coincubation with l- or d-penetratin at various pH values. Moreover, the permeation-stimulating effect of l-penetratin was observed in FaSSIF containing NaTC and lecithin, but not in 3mM NaTC solution, suggesting that the presence of lecithin was the key factor in maintaining the ability of penetratin to enhance the intestinal absorption of biopharmaceuticals. This report describes the essential considerations for in vivo use and clinical application of a CPP-based oral delivery strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Kamei
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - Yukina Aoyama
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 415-22, Egypt
| | - Mao Henmi
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - Mariko Takeda-Morishita
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan.
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43
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Naderkhani E, Vasskog T, Flaten GE. Biomimetic PVPA in vitro model for estimation of the intestinal drug permeability using fasted and fed state simulated intestinal fluids. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 73:64-71. [PMID: 25840125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A prerequisite for successful oral drug therapy is the drug's ability to cross the gastrointestinal barrier. Considering the increasing number of new chemical entities in modern drug discovery, reliable and fast in vitro models are required for early and efficient prediction of intestinal permeability. To mimic the intestinal environment, use of biorelevant media may provide valuable information on in vivo drug permeation. The present study aims at improving the novel biomimetic phospholipid vesicle-based permeation assay's (PVPAbiomimetic) biorelevance by investigating the applicability of the biorelevant media; fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF) and fed state simulated intestinal fluid (FeSSIF). The FaSSIF and FeSSIF's influence on the permeability of the model drugs acyclovir, indomethacin, griseofulvin and nadolol was then assessed. The barriers' robustness in terms of storage stability was also evaluated. The barriers were found to maintain their integrity in presence of FaSSIF and FeSSIF. The model drugs showed changes in permeability in presence of the different simulated intestinal fluids that were in agreement with previous reports. Moreover, the barrier showed improved storage stability by maintaining its integrity for 6months. Altogether, this study moves the PVPAbiomimetic an important step towards a better in vitro permeability model for use in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elenaz Naderkhani
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Terje Vasskog
- Norut (Northern Research Institute), Sykehusveien 23, NO-9294 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gøril Eide Flaten
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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44
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Glanzer S, Pulido SA, Tutz S, Wagner GE, Kriechbaum M, Gubensäk N, Trifunovic J, Dorn M, Fabian WMF, Novak P, Reidl J, Zangger K. Structural and functional implications of the interaction between macrolide antibiotics and bile acids. Chemistry 2015; 21:4350-8. [PMID: 25655041 PMCID: PMC4471570 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Macrolide antibiotics, such as azithromycin and erythromycin, are in widespread use for the treatment of bacterial infections. Macrolides are taken up and excreted mainly by bile. Additionally, they have been implicated in biliary system diseases and to modify the excretion of other drugs through bile. Despite mounting evidence for the interplay between macrolide antibiotics and bile acids, the molecular details of this interaction remain unknown. Herein, we show by NMR measurements that macrolides directly bind to bile acid micelles. The topology of this interaction has been determined by solvent paramagnetic relaxation enhancements (solvent PREs). The macrolides were found to be bound close to the surface of the micelle. Increasing hydrophobicity of both the macrolide and the bile acid strengthen this interaction. Both bile acid and macrolide molecules show similar solvent PREs across their whole structures, indicating that there are no preferred orientations of them in the bile micelle aggregates. The binding to bile aggregates does not impede macrolide antibiotics from targeting bacteria. In fact, the toxicity of azithromycin towards enterotoxic E. coli (ETEC) is even slightly increased in the presence of bile, as was shown by effective concentration (EC50 ) values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah Tutz
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Graz (Austria)
| | | | | | | | - Jovana Trifunovic
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Medical FacultyUniversity of Novi Sad (Serbia)
| | - Markus Dorn
- Institute of NavigationGraz University of Technology (Austria)
| | | | - Predrag Novak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural ScienceUniversity of Zagreb (Croatia)
| | - Joachim Reidl
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Graz (Austria)
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45
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Zhou Y, Chu W, Lei M, Li J, Du W, Zhao C. Application of a continuous intrinsic dissolution–permeation system for relative bioavailability estimation of polymorphic drugs. Int J Pharm 2014; 473:250-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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46
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Khoshakhlagh P, Johnson R, Nawroth T, Langguth P, Schmueser L, Hellmann N, Decker H, Szekely NK. Nanoparticle structure development in the gastro-intestinal model fluid FaSSIFmod6.5from several phospholipids at various water content relevant for oral drug administration. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pooneh Khoshakhlagh
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics; Mainz Germany
| | - Raphael Johnson
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics; Mainz Germany
| | - Thomas Nawroth
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics; Mainz Germany
| | - Peter Langguth
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics; Mainz Germany
| | - Lars Schmueser
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Molecular Biophysics Institute; Mainz Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Molecular Biophysics Institute; Mainz Germany
| | - Heinz Decker
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Molecular Biophysics Institute; Mainz Germany
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47
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Johnson R, Nawroth T, Khoshakhlagh P, Langguth P, Schmueser L, Hellmann N, Decker H, Szekely NK. Amphotericin B microparticles ‘AmbiShell’ from phospholipid and gelatin: Development and investigation by combined DLS and SANS resolves the core‐shell structure. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Johnson
- Institute of Pharmacy and BiochemistryDivision of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmaceuticsJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Thomas Nawroth
- Institute of Pharmacy and BiochemistryDivision of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmaceuticsJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Pooneh Khoshakhlagh
- Institute of Pharmacy and BiochemistryDivision of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmaceuticsJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Peter Langguth
- Institute of Pharmacy and BiochemistryDivision of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmaceuticsJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Lars Schmueser
- Molecular Biophysics InstituteJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Molecular Biophysics InstituteJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Heinz Decker
- Molecular Biophysics InstituteJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
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48
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Sugita M, Kataoka M, Sugihara M, Takeuchi S, Yamashita S. Effect of excipients on the particle size of precipitated pioglitazone in the gastrointestinal tract: impact on bioequivalence. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 16:1119-27. [PMID: 25070482 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to understand the reasons for the bioinequivalence of a newly developed generic product of pioglitazone hydrochloride and to improve its formulation so that it is equivalent to that of the reference listed drug (RLD). In this clinical study, despite a similar in vitro dissolution profile, the new oral product exhibited a lower plasma concentration of pioglitazone compared to the RLD. The strong pH-dependency of pioglitazone solubility as a weak base indicates that pioglitazone would precipitate in the small intestine after being dissolved in the stomach. Thus, in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effect of excipients on the particle size distribution of precipitated pioglitazone. Then, the impact of particle size on in vivo absorption was discussed. The precipitated pioglitazone from the RLD showed a peak for small particles (less than 1 μm), which was not observed in the precipitate from the new product. As an excipient, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) influenced the particle size of precipitated pioglitazone, and the amount of HPC in the formulation was increased to the same level as that in the RLD. The precipitate from this improved product showed approximately the same particle size distribution as that of the RLD and successfully demonstrated bioequivalence in the clinical study. In conclusion, for drugs with low solubility, this type of analysis of the particle size distribution of precipitated drugs, in addition to the dissolution test, may help to obtain a better in vitro-in vivo correlation for oral absorption and to develop a bioequivalent product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Sugita
- Sawai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 5-2-30 Miyahara, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, Osaka, 532-0003, Japan,
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49
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Kostewicz ES, Abrahamsson B, Brewster M, Brouwers J, Butler J, Carlert S, Dickinson PA, Dressman J, Holm R, Klein S, Mann J, McAllister M, Minekus M, Muenster U, Müllertz A, Verwei M, Vertzoni M, Weitschies W, Augustijns P. In vitro models for the prediction of in vivo performance of oral dosage forms. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 57:342-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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Kamo S, Suzuki S, Sato T. Comparison of bioavailability (I) between soyasaponins and soyasapogenols, and (II) between group A and B soyasaponins. Nutrition 2014; 30:596-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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