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Cavanagh RJ, Monteiro PF, Moloney C, Travanut A, Mehradnia F, Taresco V, Rahman R, Martin SG, Grabowska AM, Ashford MB, Alexander C. Free drug and ROS-responsive nanoparticle delivery of synergistic doxorubicin and olaparib combinations to triple negative breast cancer models. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1822-1840. [PMID: 38407276 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01931d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Combinations of the topoisomerase II inhibitor doxorubicin and the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib offer potential drug-drug synergy for the treatment of triple negative breast cancers (TNBC). In this study we performed in vitro screening of combinations of these drugs, administered directly or encapsulated within polymer nanoparticles, in both 2D and in 3D spheroid models of breast cancer. A variety of assays were used to evaluate drug potency, and calculations of combination index (CI) values indicated that synergistic effects of drug combinations occurred in a molar-ratio dependent manner. It is suggested that the mechanisms of synergy were related to enhancement of DNA damage as shown by the level of double-strand DNA breaks, and mechanisms of antagonism associated with mitochondrial mediated cell survival, as indicated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Enhanced drug delivery and potency was observed with nanoparticle formulations, with a greater extent of doxorubicin localised to cell nuclei as evidenced by microscopy, and higher cytotoxicity at the same time points compared to free drugs. Together, the work presented identifies specific combinations of doxorubicin and olaparib which were most effective in a panel of TNBC cell lines, explores the mechanisms by which these combined agents might act, and shows that formulation of these drug combinations into polymeric nanoparticles at specific ratios conserves synergistic action and enhanced potency in vitro compared to the free drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia F Monteiro
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ruman Rahman
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Stewart G Martin
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Marianne B Ashford
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
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2
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Al-Mansoori L, Elsinga P, Goda SK. Bio-vehicles of cytotoxic drugs for delivery to tumor specific targets for cancer precision therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112260. [PMID: 34607105 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal structural and molecular changes in malignant tissues were thoroughly investigated and utilized to target tumor cells, hence rescuing normal healthy tissues and lowering the unwanted side effects as non-specific cytotoxicity. Various ligands for cancer cell specific markers have been uncovered and inspected for directional delivery of the anti-cancer drug to the tumor site, in addition to diagnostic applications. Over the past few decades research related to the ligand targeted therapy (LTT) increased tremendously aiming to treat various pathologies, mainly cancers with well exclusive markers. Malignant tumors are known to induce elevated levels of a variety of proteins and peptides known as cancer "markers" as certain antigens (e.g., Prostate specific membrane antigen "PSMA", carcinoembryonic antigen "CEA"), receptors (folate receptor, somatostatin receptor), integrins (Integrin αvβ3) and cluster of differentiation molecules (CD13). The choice of an appropriate marker to be targeted and the design of effective ligand-drug conjugate all has to be carefully selected to generate the required therapeutic effect. Moreover, since some tumors express aberrantly high levels of more than one marker, some approaches investigated targeting cancer cells with more than one ligand (dual or multi targeting). We aim in this review to report an update on the cancer-specific receptors and the vehicles to deliver cytotoxic drugs, including recent advancements on nano delivery systems and their implementation in targeted cancer therapy. We will discuss the advantages and limitations facing this approach and possible solutions to mitigate these obstacles. To achieve the said aim a literature search in electronic data bases (PubMed and others) using keywords "Cancer specific receptors, cancer specific antibody, tumor specific peptide carriers, cancer overexpressed proteins, gold nanotechnology and gold nanoparticles in cancer treatment" was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Al-Mansoori
- Qatar University, Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Philip Elsinga
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sayed K Goda
- Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Giza, Egypt; University of Derby, College of Science and Engineering, Derby, UK.
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3
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Sangtani A, Petryayeva E, Wu M, Susumu K, Oh E, Huston AL, Lasarte-Aragones G, Medintz IL, Algar WR, Delehanty JB. Intracellularly Actuated Quantum Dot–Peptide–Doxorubicin Nanobioconjugates for Controlled Drug Delivery via the Endocytic Pathway. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 29:136-148. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajmeeta Sangtani
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Eleonora Petryayeva
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Miao Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z1
| | | | - Eunkeu Oh
- KeyW Corporation, Hanover, Maryland 21076, United States
| | | | | | | | - W. Russ Algar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z1
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4
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Le DHT, Lee KL, Shukla S, Commandeur U, Steinmetz NF. Potato virus X, a filamentous plant viral nanoparticle for doxorubicin delivery in cancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:2348-2357. [PMID: 28144662 PMCID: PMC5370163 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09099k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant viral nanoparticles (VNPs) are a novel class of nanocarriers with implications for drug delivery in cancer therapy. VNPs are characterized by their highly symmetrical nanoscale structures. Furthermore, plant VNPs are biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-infectious in mammals. VNPs provide a proteinaceous platform technology that can be readily engineered to carry contrast agents and therapies using chemical and genetic modifications. Of particular interest are high aspect ratio, elongated filaments such as the ones formed by potato virus X (PVX, measuring 515 × 13 nm). PVX has demonstrated enhanced tumor homing and penetration properties compared to spherical counterparts. Here, we sought to investigate the potential of PVX as a drug carrier delivering doxorubicin (DOX), a commonly used cancer chemotherapy. We synthesized therapeutic PVX nanoparticles using a simple in-solution mixing protocol; after 5 days of mixing of DOX and PVX and ultra-centrifugal purification, ∼1000 DOX per PVX were stably associated with the carrier, most likely based on hydrophobic interaction. Efficacy and drug activity of PVX-DOX were confirmed using a panel of cancer cell lines including ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer. Lastly, we demonstrated treatment of athymic mice bearing human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer xenografts: PVX-DOX treatment resulted in reduced tumor growth in this model. Our results open the door for further development of PVX and other high aspect ratio plant VNPs for applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc H T Le
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University Schools of Medicine and Engineering, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Karin L Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University Schools of Medicine and Engineering, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Sourabh Shukla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University Schools of Medicine and Engineering, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Ulrich Commandeur
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH-Aachen University, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University Schools of Medicine and Engineering, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Engineering, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Engineering, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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5
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Young J, Yee M, Kim H, Cheung J, Chino T, Düzgüneş N, Konopka K. Phototoxicity of Liposomal Zn- and Al-phthalocyanine Against Cervical and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells In Vitro. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2016; 22:156-164. [PMID: 27932777 PMCID: PMC5299971 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.901039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizes light to activate a photosensitizer in the presence of oxygen, and leads to local photodamage by the generation of highly reactive oxygen species (ROS). Liposomal delivery of photosensitizers is adaptable to the treatment of cancers. We examined the phototoxicity of free or liposome-embedded phthalocyanine photosensitizers using HeLa cervical carcinoma and HSC-3 oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Material/Methods Liposomes were composed of palmitoyloleoyphosphatidylcholine (POPC): phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and contained either zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) or aluminum phthalocyanine chloride (AlPc). Free or liposomal ZnPc and AlPc were incubated with cells for 24 h at 37°C. Cells incubated with ZnPc were exposed to broadband visible light (350–800 nm; light dose 43.2 J/cm2), whereas cells treated with AlPc were exposed to light at 690 nm (light dose 3.6 J/cm2). The effect of folate receptor-targeted liposomal ZnPc was evaluated with HeLa cells. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by the Alamar Blue assay. Results Cell viability, expressed as a percentage of control cells, was calculated according to the formula [(A570–A600) of test cells]×100/[(A570–A600) of control cells]. The relative percentage changes then defined the phototoxic efficacy of the experimental conditions. In HeLa cells, 1 μM free ZnPc and AlPc, reduced cell viability to 52.7±2.1 and 15.4±8.0%, respectively. Liposomal phthalocyanines, at 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 μM, reduced the viability to 68.0±8.6, 15.1±9.9 and 0% (ZnPc), and to 25.8±8.2, 0 and 0% (AlPc), respectively. In HSC-3 cells, 1 μM free ZnPc and AlPc, reduced cell viability to 22.1±2.8 and 56.6±8.6%, respectively. With 1 μM liposomal ZnPc and AlPc, the viability was reduced to 0 and 21.3±0.3%, respectively. Conclusions The embedding of phthalocyanines in liposomes enhanced their phototoxicity and this effect was dependent on cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Young
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michael Yee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
| | - Hayoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
| | - Jennifer Cheung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
| | - Takahiro Chino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
| | - Nejat Düzgüneş
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
| | - Krystyna Konopka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
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6
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Sharma SK, Bagshawe KD. Translating antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) and prospects for combination. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 17:1-13. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1247802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surinder K. Sharma
- Research Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
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7
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Nikoloff N, Ponzinibbio MV, Padula G, De Luca JC, Golijow CD, Seoane A. Folic acid enhances the apoptotic and genotoxic activity of carboplatin in HeLa cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 37:142-147. [PMID: 27666654 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In human tumor cells, experimental and clinical evidence indicates that some factors involved in signal transduction and cell growth can also modulate the response to chemotherapeutic treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of folic acid (FA) as a modulator of carboplatin (CBDCA) activity. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by CBDCA alone and in combination with FA were assessed in cultured HeLa cells. We used comet assay, mitotic index analysis, MTT and NR assays, cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay and annexin V-IP as different cytotoxicity and genotoxicity approaches for human cervical carcinoma cell line studies. The results showed that addition of 900nM FA together with 40.4mM CBDCA enhanced the activity of the platinum compound, increasing its effect on cell death by nearly 20%, as evidenced by the MTT and NR assays. Moreover, not only higher levels of DNA and chromosomal damage were reached but also the number of necrotic and apoptotic cells were significantly increased when cell cultures were treated with the combined procedure. This situation opens the possibility to explore the use of FA in platinum-based chemotherapy protocols to reduce the platinum doses for patient treatment and decrease the chance of developing the known side effects without losing biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nikoloff
- IGEVET, Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout"(UNLP-CONICET-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - UNLP, Calle 60 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M V Ponzinibbio
- IGEVET, Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout"(UNLP-CONICET-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - UNLP, Calle 60 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Padula
- IGEVET, Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout"(UNLP-CONICET-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - UNLP, Calle 60 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J C De Luca
- IGEVET, Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout"(UNLP-CONICET-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - UNLP, Calle 60 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C D Golijow
- IGEVET, Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout"(UNLP-CONICET-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - UNLP, Calle 60 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Seoane
- IGEVET, Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout"(UNLP-CONICET-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - UNLP, Calle 60 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Chen Y, Minh LV, Liu J, Angelov B, Drechsler M, Garamus VM, Willumeit-Römer R, Zou A. Baicalin loaded in folate-PEG modified liposomes for enhanced stability and tumor targeting. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 140:74-82. [PMID: 26741267 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Bioavailability of baicalin (BAI), an example of traditional Chinese medicine, has been modified by loading into liposome. Several liposome systems of different composition i.e., lipid/cholesterol (L), long-circulating stealth liposome (L-PEG) and folate receptor (FR)-targeted liposome (L-FA) have been used as the drug carrier for BAI. The obtained liposomes were around 80 nm in diameter with proper zeta potentials about -25 mV and sufficient physical stability in 3 months. The entrapment efficiency and loading efficiency of BAI in the liposomes were 41.0-46.4% and 8.8-10.0%, respectively. The morphology details of BAI lipsosome systems i.e., formation of small unilamellar vesicles, have been determined by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In vitro cytotoxicity of BAI liposomes against HeLa cells was evaluated by MTT assay. BAI loaded FR-targeted liposomes showed higher cytotoxicity and cellular uptake compared with non-targeted liposomes. The results suggested that L-FA-BAI could enhance anti-tumor efficiency and should be an effective FR-targeted carrier system for BAI delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Le Van Minh
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; NTT Institute of Hi-Technology (NIH), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Jianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Borislav Angelov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, CZ-16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Drechsler
- Laboratory for Soft Matter Electron Microscopy, Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research (BIMF), University of Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Vasil M Garamus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht: Centre for Materials and Coast Research, Institute of Materials Research, Max-Planck-Str. 1, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Regine Willumeit-Römer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht: Centre for Materials and Coast Research, Institute of Materials Research, Max-Planck-Str. 1, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Aihua Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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9
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Li D, Li L, Li P, Li Y, Chen X. Apoptosis of HeLa cells induced by a new targeting photosensitizer-based PDT via a mitochondrial pathway and ER stress. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:703-11. [PMID: 25897245 PMCID: PMC4396590 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s76370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is emerging as a viable treatment for many cancers. To decrease the cutaneous photosensitivity induced by PDT, many attempts have been made to search for a targeting photosensitizer; however, few reports describe the molecular mechanism of PDT mediated by this type of targeting photosensitizer. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of PDT induced by a new targeting photosensitizer (PS I), reported previously by us, on HeLa cells. Apoptosis is the primary mode of HeLa cell death in our system, and apoptosis occurs in a manner dependent on concentration, irradiation dose, and drug–light intervals. After endocytosis mediated by the folate receptor, PS I was primarily localized to the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of HeLa cells. PS I PDT resulted in rapid increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and Ca2+ concentration, both of which reached a peak nearly simultaneously at 15 minutes, followed by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential at 30 minutes, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm, downregulation of Bcl-2 expression, and upregulation of Bax expression. Meanwhile, activation of caspase-3, -9, and -12, as well as induction of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), in HeLa cells after PS I PDT was also detected. These results suggest that apoptosis of HeLa cells induced by PS I PDT is not only triggered by ROS but is also regulated by Ca2+ overload. Mitochondria and the ER serve as the subcellular targets of PS I PDT, the effective activation of which is responsible for PS I PDT-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, The Second Department of Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- The First Department of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, The Second Department of Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, The Second Department of Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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10
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Huang Y, Yang T, Zhang W, Lu Y, Ye P, Yang G, Li B, Qi S, Liu Y, He X, Lee RJ, Xu C, Xiang G. A novel hydrolysis-resistant lipophilic folate derivative enables stable delivery of targeted liposomes in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:4581-95. [PMID: 25302024 PMCID: PMC4189705 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s69115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Instability of targeting ligand is a roadblock towards successful development of folate targeted liposomes. Folate ligands have been linked to polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cholesterol by an amide bond to form folate-CONH-PEG-CONH-Cholesterol (F-CONH-PEG-CONH-Chol), which is subject to hydrolysis. To increase the stability of folate ligands and promote the long circulation and targeting effects, we synthesized a chemically stable lipophilic folate derivative, folate-CONH-PEG-NH-Cholesterol (F-CONH-PEG-NH-Chol), where the amide bond was replaced by a C-N bond, to deliver liposomal doxorubicin (Dox). Its physical stability, cellular uptake, cellular toxicity, pharmacokinetics, distribution, anti-tumor efficacy, and cardiac toxicity were investigated. Our results indicate that F-CONH-PEG-NH-Chol conjugated liposomes are taken up selectively by folate receptor-positive HeLa and KB cells. Compared with F-CONH-PEG-CONH-Chol with two carbonate linkages, F-CONH-PEG-NH-Chol better retained its drug entrapment efficiency and folate receptor-targeting activity during prolonged circulation. F-CONH-PEG-NH-Chol thus represents a physically stable and effective ligand for delivering folate receptor-targeted liposomes, with prolonged circulation time and efficient tissue distribution, as well as higher efficacy and less cardiac toxicity. Collectively, these results suggest that this novel conjugate can serve as a promising derivative for the delivery of anti-tumor therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wendian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibo Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxing He
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert J Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chuanrui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangya Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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11
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Yu P, Xia XM, Wu M, Cui C, Zhang Y, Liu L, Wu B, Wang CX, Zhang LJ, Zhou X, Zhuo RX, Huang SW. Folic acid-conjugated iron oxide porous nanorods loaded with doxorubicin for targeted drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 120:142-51. [PMID: 24907583 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide porous nanorods (IOPNR) with lengths ranging from 40nm to 60nm and pore diameters ranging from 5nm to 10nm were prepared, and further modified with NH2-PEG-FA (FA-PEG-IOPNR) for ligand targeting and modified with NH2-PEG-OCH3 (PEG-IOPNR) as a control. Instead of chemical bonding, doxorubicin (DOX), a low water solubility anticancer drug, was loaded in the pores of the modified IOPNR because of their porous structure and high porosity. The release of DOX in acidic PBS solution (pH 5.3) was faster than that in neutral (pH 7.4) solution. The analysis results from TEM, inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and flow cytometry analyses indicated that the presence of FA on the surface of the nanorods increase the cellular uptake of nanorods in the case of HeLa cells, a folate receptor (FR)-positive cell line. In contrast, for COS 7 cells, a FR-negative cell line, FA ligand on the surface of the nanorods showed no effect on the cellular uptake. MTT assay indicated that the cytotoxicity of DOX loaded in FA-PEG-IOPNR to HeLa cells was higher than that of DOX in PEG-IOPNR. In the case of COS 7 cells, no significant difference between the cytotoxicity of DOX loaded in FA-PEG-IOPNR and PEG-IOPNR was found. These results suggested that FA-PEG-IOPNR had the potential for target delivery of chemotherapeutic into cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xi-Ming Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Can Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Cai-Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Liu-Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ren-Xi Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shi-Wen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China.
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Bruce A, Rybak AP. CYB5D2 requires heme-binding to regulate HeLa cell growth and confer survival from chemotherapeutic agents. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86435. [PMID: 24466094 PMCID: PMC3899279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytochrome b5 domain containing 2 (CYB5D2; Neuferricin) protein has been reported to bind heme, however, the critical residues responsible for heme-binding are undefined. Furthermore, the relationship between heme-binding and CYB5D2-mediated intracellular functions remains unknown. Previous studies examining heme-binding in two cytochrome b5 heme-binding domain-containing proteins, damage-associated protein 1 (Dap1; Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and human progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), have revealed that conserved tyrosine (Y) 73, Y79, aspartic acid (D) 86, and Y127 residues present in human CYB5D2 may be involved in heme-binding. CYB5D2 binds to type b heme, however, only the substitution of glycine (G) at D86 (D86G) within its cytochrome b5 heme-binding (cyt-b5) domain abolished its heme-binding ability. Both CYB5D2 and CYB5D2(D86G) localize to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ectopic CYB5D2 expression inhibited cell proliferation and anchorage-independent colony growth of HeLa cells. Conversely, CYB5D2 knockdown and ectopic CYB5D2(D86G) expression increased cell proliferation and colony growth. As PGRMC1 has been reported to regulate the expression and activities of cytochrome P450 proteins (CYPs), we examined the role of CYB5D2 in regulating the activities of CYPs involved in sterol synthesis (CYP51A1) and drug metabolism (CYP3A4). CYB5D2 co-localizes with cytochrome P450 reductase (CYPOR), while CYB5D2 knockdown reduced lanosterol demethylase (CYP51A1) levels and rendered HeLa cells sensitive to mevalonate. Additionally, knockdown of CYB5D2 reduced CYP3A4 activity. Lastly, CYB5D2 expression conferred HeLa cell survival from chemotherapeutic agents (paclitaxel, cisplatin and doxorubicin), with its ability to promote survival being dependent on its heme-binding ability. Taken together, this study provides evidence that heme-binding is critical for CYB5D2 in regulating HeLa cell growth and survival, with endogenous CYB5D2 being required to modulate CYP activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bruce
- Medical Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Father Sean O’Sullivan Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research (HCKR), St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (AB); (APR)
| | - Adrian P. Rybak
- Medical Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Father Sean O’Sullivan Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research (HCKR), St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (AB); (APR)
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13
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Chang IP, Hwang KC, Chiang CS. Preparation of Fluorescent Magnetic Nanodiamonds and Cellular Imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:15476-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ja804253y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- In Pin Chang
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Shiun Chiang
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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14
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Xiang G, Wu J, Lu Y, Liu Z, Lee RJ. Synthesis and evaluation of a novel ligand for folate-mediated targeting liposomes. Int J Pharm 2007; 356:29-36. [PMID: 18258394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2007] [Revised: 10/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Folate receptors (FRs) have been identified as cellular surface markers for cancer and leukemia. Liposomes containing lipophilic derivatives of folate have been shown to effectively target FR-expressing cells. Here, we report the synthesis of a novel lipophilic folate derivative, folate-polyethylene glycol-cholesterol hemisuccinate (F-PEG-CHEMS), and its evaluation as a targeting ligand for liposomal doxorubicin (L-DOX) in FR-expressing cells. Liposomes containing F-PEG-CHEMS, with a mean diameter of 120+/-20 nm, were synthesized by polycarbonate membrane extrusion and were shown to have excellent colloidal stability. The liposomes were taken up selectively by KB cells, which overexpress FR-alpha. Compared to folate-PEG-cholesterol (F-PEG-Chol), which contains a carbamate linkage, F-PEG-CHEMS better retained its FR-targeting activity during prolonged storage. In addition, F-PEG-CHEMS containing liposomes loaded with DOX (F-L-DOX) showed greater cytotoxicity (IC(50)=10.0muM) than non-targeted control L-DOX (IC(50)=57.5 microM) in KB cells. In ICR mice, both targeted and non-targeted liposomes exhibited long circulation properties, although F-L-DOX (t(1/2)=12.34 h) showed more rapid plasma clearance than L-DOX (t(1/2)=17.10h). These results suggest that F-PEG-CHEMS is effective as a novel ligand for the synthesis of FR-targeted liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangya Xiang
- Pharmacy School, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Florent JC, Monneret C. Doxorubicin Conjugates for Selective Delivery to Tumors. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2007; 283:99-140. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2007_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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