1
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Cristiano C, Cavanagh RJ, Cuzzucoli Crucitti V, Moloney C, Axioti E, Dixon E, Jacob PL, Schiano ME, Cuozzo M, Liguori FM, Rolando B, Russo R, Taresco V, Sodano F, Rimoli MG. Multiple drug-delivery strategies to enhance the pharmacological and toxicological properties of Mefenamic acid. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116647. [PMID: 38703503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve the biological and toxicological properties of Mefenamic acid (MA), the galactosylated prodrug of MA named MefeGAL was included in polymeric solid dispersions (PSs) composed of poly(glycerol adipate) (PGA) and Pluronic® F68 (MefeGAL-PS). MefeGAL-PS was compared with polymeric solid formulations of MA (MA-PS) or a mixture of equal ratio of MefeGAL/MA (Mix-PS). METHODS The in vitro and in vivo pharmacological and toxicological profiles of PSs have been investigated. In detail, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema test), analgesic (acetic acid-induced writhing test) and ulcerogenic activity in mice after oral treatment. Additionally, the antiproliferative activity of PSs was assessed on in vitro models of colorectal and non-small cell lung cancer. RESULTS When the PSs were resuspended in water, MefeGAL's, MA's and their mixture's apparent solubilities improved due to the interaction with the polymeric formulation. By comparing the in-vivo biological performance of MefeGAL-PS with that of MA, MefeGAL and MA-PS, it was seen that MefeGAL-PS exhibited the same sustained and delayed analgesic and anti-inflammatory profile as MefeGAL but did not cause gastrointestinal irritation. The pharmacological effect of Mix-PS was present from the first hours after administration, lasting about 44 hours with only slight gastric mucosa irritation. In-vitro evaluation indicated that Mix-PS had statistically significant higher cytotoxicity than MA-PS and MefeGAL-PS. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data are promising evidence that the galactosylated prodrug approach in tandem with a polymer-drug solid dispersion formulation strategy could represent a new drug delivery route to improve the solubility and biological activity of NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cristiano
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Robert J Cavanagh
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute-3, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Cuzzucoli Crucitti
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing and Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Axioti
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Dixon
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa L Jacob
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mariarosaria Cuozzo
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
| | - Federica Sodano
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy; Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Rimoli
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy
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2
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Cavanagh RJ, Monteiro PF, Moloney C, Travanut A, Mehradnia F, Taresco V, Rahman R, Martin SG, Grabowska AM, Ashford MB, Alexander C. Free drug and ROS-responsive nanoparticle delivery of synergistic doxorubicin and olaparib combinations to triple negative breast cancer models. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1822-1840. [PMID: 38407276 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01931d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Combinations of the topoisomerase II inhibitor doxorubicin and the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib offer potential drug-drug synergy for the treatment of triple negative breast cancers (TNBC). In this study we performed in vitro screening of combinations of these drugs, administered directly or encapsulated within polymer nanoparticles, in both 2D and in 3D spheroid models of breast cancer. A variety of assays were used to evaluate drug potency, and calculations of combination index (CI) values indicated that synergistic effects of drug combinations occurred in a molar-ratio dependent manner. It is suggested that the mechanisms of synergy were related to enhancement of DNA damage as shown by the level of double-strand DNA breaks, and mechanisms of antagonism associated with mitochondrial mediated cell survival, as indicated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Enhanced drug delivery and potency was observed with nanoparticle formulations, with a greater extent of doxorubicin localised to cell nuclei as evidenced by microscopy, and higher cytotoxicity at the same time points compared to free drugs. Together, the work presented identifies specific combinations of doxorubicin and olaparib which were most effective in a panel of TNBC cell lines, explores the mechanisms by which these combined agents might act, and shows that formulation of these drug combinations into polymeric nanoparticles at specific ratios conserves synergistic action and enhanced potency in vitro compared to the free drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia F Monteiro
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ruman Rahman
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Stewart G Martin
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Marianne B Ashford
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
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3
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Krumins E, Lentz JC, Sutcliffe B, Sohaib A, Jacob PL, Brugnoli B, Cuzzucoli Crucitti V, Cavanagh R, Owen R, Moloney C, Ruiz-Cantu L, Francolini I, Howdle SM, Shusteff M, Rose FRAJ, Wildman RD, He Y, Taresco V. Glycerol-based sustainably sourced resin for volumetric printing. Green Chem 2024; 26:1345-1355. [PMID: 38323306 PMCID: PMC10840650 DOI: 10.1039/d3gc03607c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Volumetric Additive Manufacturing (VAM) represents a revolutionary advancement in the field of Additive Manufacturing, as it allows for the creation of objects in a single, cohesive process, rather than in a layer-by-layer approach. This innovative technique offers unparalleled design freedom and significantly reduces printing times. A current limitation of VAM is the availability of suitable resins with the required photoreactive chemistry and from sustainable sources. To support the application of this technology, we have developed a sustainable resin based on polyglycerol, a bioderived (e.g., vegetable origin), colourless, and easily functionisable oligomer produced from glycerol. To transform polyglycerol-6 into an acrylate photo-printable resin we adopted a simple, one-step, and scalable synthesis route. Polyglycerol-6-acrylate fulfils all the necessary criteria for volumetric printing (transparency, photo-reactivity, viscosity) and was successfully used to print a variety of models with intricate geometries and good resolution. The waste resin was found to be reusable with minimal performance issues, improving resin utilisation and minimising waste material. Furthermore, by incorporating dopants such as poly(glycerol) adipate acrylate (PGA-A) and 10,12-pentacosadyinoic acid (PCDA), we demonstrated the ability to print objects with a diverse range of functionalities, including temperature sensing probes and a polyester excipient, highlighting the potential applications of these new resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduards Krumins
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Joachim C Lentz
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Ben Sutcliffe
- School of Pharmacy, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Ali Sohaib
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Philippa L Jacob
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Benedetta Brugnoli
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome Piazzale A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | | | - Robert Cavanagh
- School of Pharmacy, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Robert Owen
- School of Pharmacy, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cantu
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Iolanda Francolini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome Piazzale A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Steven M Howdle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Maxim Shusteff
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94550 USA
| | - Felicity R A J Rose
- School of Pharmacy, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Ricky D Wildman
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Yinfeng He
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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4
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Jenne A, Soong R, Gruschke O, Bastawrous M, Monks P, Moloney C, Brougham DF, Busse F, Bermel W, Courtier-Murias D, Wu B, Simpson A. A holistic NMR framework to understand environmental impact: Examining the impacts of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in Daphnia magna via imaging, spectroscopy, and metabolomics. Magn Reson Chem 2023; 61:728-739. [PMID: 36137948 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are a contaminant of emerging interest, often used in the medical field as an imaging contrast agent, with additional uses in wastewater treatment and as food additives. Although the use of SPIONs is increasing, little research has been conducted on the toxic impacts to living organisms beyond traditional lethal concentration endpoints. Daphnia magna are model organisms for aquatic toxicity testing with a well understood metabolome and high sensitivity to SPIONs. Thus, as environmental concentrations continue to increase, it is becoming critical to understand their sub-lethal toxicity. Due to the paramagnetic nature of SPIONs, a range of potential nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) experiments are possible, offering the potential to probe the physical location (via imaging), binding (via relaxation weighted spectroscopy), and the biochemical pathways impacted (via in vivo metabolomics). Results indicate binding to carbohydrates, likely chitin in the exoskeleton, along with a decrease in energy metabolites and specific biomarkers of oxidative stress. The holistic NMR framework used here helps provide a more comprehensive understanding of SPIONs impacts on D. magna and showcases NMR's versatility in providing physical, chemical, and biochemical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Jenne
- Environmental NMR Center, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronald Soong
- Environmental NMR Center, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Monica Bastawrous
- Environmental NMR Center, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Monks
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute-3, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Denis Courtier-Murias
- Université Gustave Eiffel, GERS-LEE, Bouguenais, France
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques de la Ville IRSTV, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Bing Wu
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andre Simpson
- Environmental NMR Center, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Kasza K, Elsherbeny A, Moloney C, Hardie KR, Cámara M, Alexander C, Gurnani P. Hybrid Poly( β-amino ester) Triblock Copolymers Utilizing a RAFT Polymerization Grafting-From Methodology. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2023; 224:2300262. [PMID: 38495072 PMCID: PMC10941699 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202300262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The biocompatibility, biodegradability, and responsiveness of poly(β-amino esters) (PBAEs) has led to their widespread use as biomaterials for drug and gene delivery. Nonetheless, the step-growth polymerization mechanism that yields PBAEs limits the scope for their structural optimization toward specific applications because of limited monomer choice and end-group modifications. Moreover, to date the post-synthetic functionalization of PBAEs has relied on grafting-to approaches, challenged by the need for efficient polymer-polymer coupling and potentially difficult post-conjugation purification. Here a novel grafting-from approach to grow reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymers from a PBAE scaffold is described. This is achieved through PBAE conversion into a macromolecular chain transfer agent through a multistep capping procedure, followed by RAFT polymerization with a range of monomers to produce PBAE-RAFT hybrid triblock copolymers. Following successful synthesis, the potential biological applications of these ABA triblock copolymers are illustrated through assembly into polymeric micelles and encapsulation of a model hydrophobic drug, followed by successful nanoparticle (NP) uptake in breast cancer cells. The findings demonstrate this novel synthetic methodology can expand the scope of PBAEs as biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kasza
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and FormulationSchool of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
- National Biofilms Innovation CentreSchool of Life Sciences, Biodiscovery InstituteUniversity Park, University of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Amr Elsherbeny
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and FormulationSchool of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of ExcellenceSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
- School of MedicineBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity Park, University of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of MedicineBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity Park, University of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Kim R. Hardie
- National Biofilms Innovation CentreSchool of Life Sciences, Biodiscovery InstituteUniversity Park, University of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Miguel Cámara
- National Biofilms Innovation CentreSchool of Life Sciences, Biodiscovery InstituteUniversity Park, University of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and FormulationSchool of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- UCL School of PharmacyUniversity College London29–39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
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6
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Moloney C, Mehradnia F, Cavanagh RJ, Ibrahim A, Pearce AK, Ritchie AA, Clarke P, Rahman R, Grabowska AM, Alexander C. Chain-extension in hyperbranched polymers alters tissue distribution and cytotoxicity profiles in orthotopic models of triple negative breast cancers. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6545-6560. [PMID: 37593851 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00609c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of nanomedicines is highly dependent on their access to target sites in the body, and this in turn is markedly affected by their size, shape and transport properties in tissue. Although there have been many studies in this area, the ability to design nanomaterials with optimal physicochemical properties for in vivo efficacy remains a significant challenge. In particular, it is often difficult to quantify the detailed effects of cancer drug delivery systems in vivo as tumour volume reduction, a commonly reported marker of efficacy, does not always correlate with cytotoxicity in tumour tissue. Here, we studied the behaviour in vivo of two specific poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide) (pHPMA) pro-drugs, with hyperbranched and chain-extended branched architectures, redox-responsive backbone components, and pH-sensitive linkers to the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin. Evaluation of the biodistribution of these polymers following systemic injection indicated differences in the circulation time and organ distribution of the two polymers, despite their very similar hydrodynamic radii (∼10 and 15 nm) and architectures. In addition, both polymers showed improved tumour accumulation in orthotopic triple-negative breast cancers in mice, and decreased accumulation in healthy tissue, as compared to free doxorubicin, even though neither polymer-doxorubicin pro-drug decreased overall tumour volume as much as the free drug under the dosing regimens selected. However, the results of histopathological examinations by haematoxylin and eosin, and TUNEL staining indicated a higher population of apoptotic cells in the tumours for both polymer pro-drug treatments, and in turn a lower population of apoptotic cells in the heart, liver and spleen, as compared to free doxorubicin treatment. These data suggest that the penetration of these polymer pro-drugs was enhanced in tumour tissue relative to free doxorubicin, and that the combination of size, architecture, bioresponsive backbone and drug linker degradation yielded greater efficacy for the polymers as measured by biomarkers than that of tumour volume. We suggest therefore that the effects of nanomedicines may be different at various length scales relative to small molecule free drugs, and that penetration into tumour tissue for some nanomedicines may not be as problematic as prior reports have suggested. Furthermore, the data indicate that dual-responsive crosslinked polymer-prodrugs in this study may be effective nanomedicines for breast cancer chemotherapy, and that endpoints beyond tumour volume reduction can be valuable in selecting candidates for pre-clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Moloney
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Fatemeh Mehradnia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Robert J Cavanagh
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Asmaa Ibrahim
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Amanda K Pearce
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Alison A Ritchie
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Philip Clarke
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Ruman Rahman
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Cameron Alexander
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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7
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Jacob PL, Brugnoli B, Del Giudice A, Phan H, Chauhan VM, Beckett L, Gillis RB, Moloney C, Cavanagh RJ, Krumins E, Reynolds-Green M, Lentz JC, Conte C, Cuzzucoli Crucitti V, Couturaud B, Galantini L, Francolini I, Howdle SM, Taresco V. Poly (diglycerol adipate) variants as enhanced nanocarrier replacements in drug delivery applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 641:1043-1057. [PMID: 36996683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Sustainably derived poly(glycerol adipate) (PGA) has been deemed to deliver all the desirable features expected in a polymeric scaffold for drug-delivery, including biodegradability, biocompatibility, self-assembly into nanoparticles (NPs) and a functionalisable pendant group. Despite showing these advantages over commercial alkyl polyesters, PGA suffers from a series of key drawbacks caused by poor amphiphilic balance. This leads to weak drug-polymer interactions and subsequent low drug-loading in NPs, as well as low NPs stability. To overcome this, in the present work, we applied a more significant variation of the polyester backbone while maintaining mild and sustainable polymerisation conditions. We have investigated the effect of the variation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments upon physical properties and drug interactions as well as self-assembly and NPs stability. For the first time we have replaced glycerol with the more hydrophilic diglycerol, as well as adjusting the final amphiphilic balance of the polyester repetitive units by incorporating the more hydrophobic 1,6-n-hexanediol (Hex). The properties of the novel poly(diglycerol adipate) (PDGA) variants have been compared against known polyglycerol-based polyesters. Interestingly, while the bare PDGA showed improved water solubility and diminished self-assembling ability, the Hex variation demonstrated enhanced features as a nanocarrier. In this regard, PDGAHex NPs were tested for their stability in different environments and for their ability to encode enhanced drug loading. Moreover, the novel materials have shown good biocompatibility in both in vitro and in vivo (whole organism) experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa L Jacob
- School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Benedetta Brugnoli
- Dept. of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Hien Phan
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est, Université de Paris-Est Créteil, CNRS UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Veeren M Chauhan
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Boots Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Beckett
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Boots Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Richard B Gillis
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, United Kingdom; Biomaterials Group, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, United Kingdom; College of Business, Technology and Engineering, Sheffield Hallam University, Food and Nutrition Group, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute-3, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Cavanagh
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute-3, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Eduards Krumins
- School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joachim C Lentz
- School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Conte
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Valentina Cuzzucoli Crucitti
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing and Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Benoit Couturaud
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est, Université de Paris-Est Créteil, CNRS UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Luciano Galantini
- Dept. of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Iolanda Francolini
- Dept. of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Steven M Howdle
- School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
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8
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Moloney C, Roy Chaudhuri T, Spernyak JA, Straubinger RM, Brougham DF. Long-circulating magnetoliposomes as surrogates for assessing pancreatic tumour permeability and nanoparticle deposition. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:611-624. [PMID: 36603732 PMCID: PMC10022638 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers are candidates for cancer chemotherapy delivery, with growing numbers of clinically-approved nano-liposomal formulations such as Doxil® and Onivyde® (liposomal doxorubicin and irinotecan) providing proof-of-concept. However, their complex biodistribution and the varying susceptibility of individual patient tumours to nanoparticle deposition remains a clinical challenge. Here we describe the preparation, characterisation, and biological evaluation of phospholipidic structures containing solid magnetic cores (SMLs) as an MRI-trackable surrogate that could aid in the clinical development and deployment of nano-liposomal formulations. Through the sequential assembly of size-defined iron oxide nanoparticle clusters with a stabilizing anionic phospholipid inner monolayer and an outer monolayer of independently-selectable composition, SMLs can mimic physiologically a wide range of nano-liposomal carrier compositions. In patient-derived xenograft models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, similar tumour deposition of SML and their nano-liposomal counterparts of identical bilayer composition was observed in vivo, both at the tissue level (fluorescence intensities of 1.5 × 108 ± 1.8 × 107 and 1.2 × 108 ± 6.3 × 107, respectively; ns, 99% confidence interval) and non-invasively using MR imaging. We observed superior capabilities of SML as a surrogate for nano-liposomal formulations as compared to other clinically-approved iron oxide nano-formulations (ferumoxytol). In combination with diagnostic and therapeutic imaging tools, SMLs have high clinical translational potential to predict nano-liposomal drug carrier deposition and could assist in stratifying patients into treatment regimens that promote optimal tumour deposition of nanoparticulate chemotherapy carriers. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Solid magnetoliposomes (SMLs) with compositions resembling that of FDA-approved agents such as Doxil® and Onivyde® offer potential application as non-invasive MRI stratification agents to assess extent of tumour deposition of nano-liposomal therapeutics prior to administration. In animals with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), SML-PEG exhibited (i) tumour deposition comparable to liposomes of the same composition; (ii) extended circulation times, with continued tumour deposition up to 24 hours post-injection; and (iii) MRI capabilities to determine tumour deposition up to 1 week post-injection, and confirmation of patient-to-patient variation in nanoparticulate deposition in tumours. Hence SMLs with controlled formulation are a step towards non-invasive MRI stratification approaches for patients, enabled by evaluation of the extent of deposition in tumours prior to administration of nano-liposomal therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Moloney
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tista Roy Chaudhuri
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Joseph A Spernyak
- Department of Cell Stress Biology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Robert M Straubinger
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Department of Cell Stress Biology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Dermot F Brougham
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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9
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Moloney C, McCrorie P, Bastianchich C, Ucakar B, Alexander C, Marlow M, Préat V, Rahman R. DDEL-03. ASSESSING THE DEPTH OF DRUG PENETRATION INTO BRAIN PARENCHYMA FROM LOCAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS IN AN ORTHOTOPIC HIGH GRADE GLIOMA ALLOGRAFT USING ORBITRAP-SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROMETRY. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9661034 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac209.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Local intracranial drug delivery for high-grade glioma has been developed over the last two decades with chemotherapeutic agents administered immediately adjuvant to neurosurgery to overcome poor blood brain barrier permeability. In addition to this, the incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) into local drug delivery systems (DDS) can result in increased penetration of chemotherapeutics through brain parenchyma, transporting the drug further from the administration site than by drug molecule diffusion alone.Here we adopted two model local DDS containing NPs to compare the depth of penetration through brain parenchyma. Approach one consisted of a thermosensitive in situ assembling polymer matrix loaded with polymer-doxorubicin conjugated NPs which can line the resection cavity walls, while approach two consisted of drug-loaded (etoposide and olaparib) poly(lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) polymeric NPs held within a bioadhesive pectin hydrogel and delivered via a spray device.We assessed the efficacy of both DDS at preventing recurrence of high-grade glioma in an orthotopic rat 9L gliosarcoma model following surgical resection. In addition to monitoring long-term survival, the effect of each DDS was measured histologically by H&E and by caspase-1 (inflammatory response) and ki67 (cell proliferation) immunostaining staining. Depth of drug penetration was evaluated on post-sacrificial sections using Orbitrap-Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (OrbiSIMS) and fluorescent microscopy. In vivo data suggests that the delivery mechanism of the NPs affects the efficacy of the DDS, whereby long-term survival was observed in rats treated with the sprayed olaparib/etoposide NP formulation, relative to rats where olaparib/etoposide was simply pipetted into the resection cavity. OrbiSIMS confirmed the presence of doxorubicin, olaparib and etoposide in brain tissue. Our work encourages consideration of mass spectrometry modalities to complement in vivo efficacy studies, as an analytical tool to assess brain distribution of systemically administered drugs, or localised brain penetration of drugs released biomaterial-based DDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Moloney
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham , England , United Kingdom
| | - Phoebe McCrorie
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham , England , United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Maria Marlow
- University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | | | - Ruman Rahman
- University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom
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10
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Lentz JC, Cavanagh R, Moloney C, Falcone Pin B, Kortsen K, Fowler HR, Jacob PL, Krumins E, Clark C, Machado F, Breitkreuz N, Cale B, Goddard AR, Hirst JD, Taresco V, Howdle SM. N-Hydroxyethyl acrylamide as a functional eROP initiator for the preparation of nanoparticles under "greener" reaction conditions. Polym Chem 2022; 13:6032-6045. [PMID: 36353599 PMCID: PMC9623607 DOI: 10.1039/d2py00849a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
N-Hydroxyethyl acrylamide was used as a functional initiator for the enzymatic ring-opening polymerisation of ε-caprolactone and δ-valerolactone. N-Hydroxyethyl acrylamide was found not to undergo self-reaction in the presence of Lipase B from Candida antarctica under the reaction conditions employed. By contrast, this is a major problem for 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate which both show significant transesterification issues leading to unwanted branching and cross-linking. Surprisingly, N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide did not react fully during enzymatic ring-opening polymerisation. Computational docking studies helped us understand that the initiated polymer chains have a higher affinity for the enzyme active site than the initiator alone, leading to polymer propagation proceeding at a faster rate than polymer initiation leading to incomplete initiator consumption. Hydroxyl end group fidelity was confirmed by organocatalytic chain extension with lactide. N-Hydroxyethyl acrylamide initiated polycaprolactones were free-radical copolymerised with PEGMA to produce a small set of amphiphilic copolymers. The amphiphilic polymers were shown to self-assemble into nanoparticles, and to display low cytotoxicity in 2D in vitro experiments. To increase the green credentials of the synthetic strategies, all reactions were carried out in 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, a solvent derived from renewable resources and an alternative for the more traditionally used fossil-based solvents tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, and toluene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim C Lentz
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Robert Cavanagh
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Bruno Falcone Pin
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Kristoffer Kortsen
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Harriet R Fowler
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Philippa L Jacob
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Eduards Krumins
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Charlotte Clark
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Fabricio Machado
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro 70910-900 Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Nicholas Breitkreuz
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Ben Cale
- Croda Europe Limited Cowick Hall Snaith DN14 9AA Goole UK
| | - Amy R Goddard
- Croda Europe Limited Cowick Hall Snaith DN14 9AA Goole UK
| | - Jonathan D Hirst
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Steven M Howdle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
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11
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Moloney C, Mavromoustakos M, Alexander C, Rahman R. Neurosurgically-Applied Chemotherapy for Childhood Brain Tumours Arising in the Posterior Fossa Using a Biodegradable Paste. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac200.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
AIMS
This project aims to develop a local drug delivery system for treatment of childhood medulloblastoma (MB) and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumours (AT/RT), malignant brain neoplasms occurring in the posterior fossa for which prognoses remains poor. Our goal is to repurpose drug compounds reported as effective against MB and AT/RT, but which either cannot cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) or have not been assessed for localised delivery. We have developed a novel intra-cavity drug delivery system, consisting of polymer microparticles made from poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA/PEG) which will be employed to release drugs over several weeks.
METHOD
Cell toxicity assays were undertaken using drugs of interest against an in vitro panel of relevant MB and AT/RT cell lines. PLGA/PEG paste incorporating the drugs were prepared and release kinetics assessed.
RESULTS
IC50 values of the drugs were assessed across all cell lines and a range of potencies were observed, with optimum conditions identified as dual treatments of PG545 (heparanse inhibitor) with CHIR99021 (glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor) for MB and ribavirin (anti-viral) with CHIR99021 for AT/RT. Importantly, it was noted that the drugs retained their cytotoxicity following release from PLGA/PEG. Furthermore, release kinetics were finely tuned through careful control of the composition through addition of excipients and encapsulation of drugs in nanoparticles, and a library of formulations were prepared.
CONCLUSION
A local drug delivery system for MB and AT/RT has been developed and an optimum formulation, based upon in vitro cell assays and release kinetics, has been identified for in vivo efficacy studies in orthotopic models.
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12
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Bennett MR, Moloney C, Catrambone F, Turco F, Myers B, Kovacs K, Hill PJ, Alexander C, Rawson FJ, Gurnani P. Oxygen-Tolerant RAFT Polymerization Initiated by Living Bacteria. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:954-960. [PMID: 35819106 PMCID: PMC9387098 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Living organisms can synthesize a wide range of macromolecules
from a small set of natural building blocks, yet there is potential
for even greater materials diversity by exploiting biochemical processes
to convert unnatural feedstocks into new abiotic polymers. Ultimately,
the synthesis of these polymers in situ might aid the coupling of
organisms with synthetic matrices, and the generation of biohybrids
or engineered living materials. The key step in biohybrid materials
preparation is to harness the relevant biological pathways to produce
synthetic polymers with predictable molar masses and defined architectures
under ambient conditions. Accordingly, we report an aqueous, oxygen-tolerant
RAFT polymerization platform based on a modified Fenton reaction,
which is initiated by Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34,
a bacterial species with iron-reducing capabilities. We show the synthesis
of a range of water-soluble polymers under normoxic conditions, with
control over the molar mass distribution, and also the production
of block copolymer nanoparticles via polymerization-induced self-assembly.
Finally, we highlight the benefits of using a bacterial initiation
system by recycling the cells for multiple polymerizations. Overall,
our method represents a highly versatile approach to producing well-defined
polymeric materials within a hybrid natural-synthetic polymerization
platform and in engineered living materials with properties beyond
those of biotic macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mechelle R Bennett
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Catrambone
- School of Life Sciences, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Turco
- School of Pharmacy, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Myers
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Katalin Kovacs
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J Hill
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Frankie J Rawson
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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13
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Rani Aluri E, Gannon E, Singh K, Kolagatla S, Kowiorski K, Shingte S, McKiernan E, Moloney C, McGarry K, Jowett L, Rodriguez BJ, Brougham DF, Wychowaniec JK. Graphene oxide modulates inter-particle interactions in 3D printable soft nanocomposite hydrogels restoring magnetic hyperthermia responses. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 611:533-544. [PMID: 34971964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels loaded with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles that can be patterned and which controllably induce hyperthermic responses on AC-field stimulation are of interest as functional components of next-generation biomaterials. Formation of nanocomposite hydrogels is known to eliminate any Brownian contribution to hyperthermic response (reducing stimulated heating) while the Néel contribution can also be suppressed by inter-particle dipolar interactions arising from aggregation induced before or during gelation. We describe the ability of graphene oxide (GO) flakes to restore the hyperthermic efficiency of soft printable hydrogels formed using Pluronics F127 and PEGylated magnetic nanoflowers. Here, by varying the amount of GO in mixed nanocomposite suspensions and gels, we demonstrate GO-content dependent recovery of hyperthemic response in gels. This is due to progressively reduced inter-nanoflower interactions mediated by GO, which largely restore the dispersed-state Néel contribution to heating. We suggest that preferential association of GO with the hydrophobic F127 blocks increases the preponderance of cohesive interactions between the hydrophilic blocks and the PEGylated nanoflowers, promoting dispersion of the latter. Finally we demonstrate extrusion-based 3D printing with excellent print fidelity of the magnetically-responsive nanocomposites, for which the inclusion of GO provides significant improvement in the spatially-localized open-coil heating response, rendering the prints viable components for future cell stimulation and delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Rani Aluri
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Edward Gannon
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Krutika Singh
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Srikanth Kolagatla
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Krystian Kowiorski
- Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Research Group - Functional Materials, Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sameer Shingte
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Eoin McKiernan
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Katie McGarry
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Liam Jowett
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Brian J Rodriguez
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dermot F Brougham
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Jacek K Wychowaniec
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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14
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Hamed R, Marks S, Moloney C, Osman N, Korpanty G. P-180 Rectal cancer in the elderly: Characteristics, management and outcomes from a single centre retrospective cohort review. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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15
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Vasey CE, Cavanagh RJ, Taresco V, Moloney C, Smith S, Rahman R, Alexander C. Polymer Pro-Drug Nanoparticles for Sustained Release of Cytotoxic Drugs Evaluated in Patient-Derived Glioblastoma Cell Lines and In Situ Gelling Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020208. [PMID: 33546301 PMCID: PMC7913572 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, malignant and aggressive brain tumour in adults. Despite the use of multimodal treatments, involving surgery, followed by concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the median survival for patients remains less than 15 months from diagnosis. Low penetration of drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dose-limiting factor for systemic GBM therapies, and as a result, post-surgical intracranial drug delivery strategies are being developed to ensure local delivery of drugs within the brain. Here we describe the effects of PEGylated poly(lactide)-poly(carbonate)-doxorubicin (DOX) nanoparticles (NPs) on the metabolic activity of primary cancer cell lines derived from adult patients following neurosurgical resection, and the commercially available GBM cell line, U87. The results showed that non-drug-loaded NPs were well tolerated at concentrations of up to 100 µg/mL while tumour cell-killing effects were observed for the DOX-NPs at the same concentrations. Further experiments evaluated the release of DOX from polymer-DOX conjugate NPs when incorporated in a thermosensitive in situ gelling poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA/PEG) matrix paste, in order to simulate the clinical setting of a locally injected formulation for GBM following surgical tumour resection. These assays demonstrated drug release from the polymer pro-drugs, when in PLGA/PEG matrices of two formulations, over clinically relevant time scales. These findings encourage future in vivo assessment of the potential capability of polymer-drug conjugate NPs to penetrate brain parenchyma efficaciously, when released from existing interstitial delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Vasey
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Robert J Cavanagh
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute-3, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Stuart Smith
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute-3, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ruman Rahman
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute-3, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Cameron Alexander
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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16
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Morais E, Moloney C, O'Modhrain C, McKiernan E, Brougham DF, Sullivan JA. Enhanced Stability and Emission Properties of Perylene Dyes by Surface Tethering: Preparation of Fluorescent Ru Nanoparticle Suspensions by Alkyne Linker Chemistry. Chemistry 2021; 27:1023-1030. [PMID: 33022835 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Spherical ruthenium nanoparticles (NPs) with a narrow size distribution were synthesised in ethanol by a facile low-temperature solvothermal process without the assistance of templates, structure-directing agents or post annealing/reduction treatments. Surface passivation with a fluorescent perylene dye (EP), and with silane ligands (ETMS), both initially bearing alkyne groups and subsequently forming vinylidene linkages, provided stable suspensions of the marginally soluble free EP. Quantitative analysis of the suspension gave an estimated EP surface coverage of 15 %, corresponding to an EP/ETMS mole ratio of ≈1:6. Photophysical evaluation of the bound and free dye revealed similar absorption bands and extinction coefficients and improved properties for the bound state, including enhanced fluorescence in the visible range for the bound dye, an extended absorption range into the near-UV providing strong emission in the visible, and significantly improved photostability. The physical basis of the enhanced photophysical properties, potential routes to further improvements and the implications for applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cara Moloney
- UCD School of Chemistry, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
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17
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Moloney C, Long A, Pastores GM, Plant BJ, Murphy DM. A bolt from the blue; A case report of an unusual asthma exacerbation. Respir Med Case Rep 2019; 29:100983. [PMID: 31908916 PMCID: PMC6938945 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2019.100983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We describe this case of a young gentleman presenting with acute dyspnoea on a background history of known, long-standing asthma. His dramatic presentation, notable for profound hypoxia and cyanosis, led to an unexpected additional diagnosis of type one congenital methaemoglobinaemia. Case presentation A 26-year-old Irish gentleman was transferred urgently to the emergency department resuscitation room with marked cyanosis and tachypnoea. His oxygen saturation was 70% on 100% high flow oxygen. His arterial blood gas (On Fi02 90%) demonstrated a PaO2 = 76.8 kPa, SpO2 = 99%, pCO2 = 3 kPa and pH = 7.51. A saturation gap was evident and on further analysing the arterial blood gas, the methaemoglobin level was noted to be 28%. No contributing drugs were identified. Our patient was diagnosed with type one congenital methaemoglobinaemia. He recovered well from this admission, however, has had recurrent presentations to hospital since with high methaemoglobin levels noted on each occasion. Discussion Congenital methemoglobinemia is a rare, often overlooked differential diagnosis in patients presenting with cyanosis and dyspnoea. This is the only case, to our knowledge, of a patient with both asthma and congenital methaemoglobinaemia. Congenital methaemoglobinaemia was first described in 1943 by Dr Deeny who described two siblings as suffering from 'Familial Idiopathic Methaemoglobinaemia'. The case we present is the first reported Irish case of congenital methaemoglobinaemia, we are aware of, since 1943.Current treatment strategies include high-flow oxygen, methylene blue infusion (contraindicated in glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency) and red cell exchange transfusions in the emergency setting whilst oral ascorbic acid and riboflavin are preventative.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Moloney
- Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - A Long
- Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - B J Plant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - D M Murphy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
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18
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Campos PP, Dunne A, Delaney C, Moloney C, Moulton SE, Benito-Lopez F, Ferreira M, Diamond D, Florea L. Photoswitchable Layer-by-Layer Coatings Based on Photochromic Polynorbornenes Bearing Spiropyran Side Groups. Langmuir 2018; 34:4210-4216. [PMID: 29553744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present the synthesis of linear photochromic norbornene polymers bearing spiropyran side groups (poly(SP-R)) and their assembly into layer-by-layer (LbL) films on glass substrates when converted to poly(MC-R) under UV irradiation. The LbL films were composed of bilayers of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(MC-R), forming (PAH/poly(MC-R)) n coatings. The merocyanine (MC) form presents a significant absorption band in the visible spectral region, which allowed tracking of the LbL deposition process by UV-vis spectroscopy, which showed a linear increase of the characteristic MC absorbance band with increasing number of bilayers. The thickness and morphology of the (PAH/poly(MC-R)) n films were characterized by ellipsometry and scanning electron microscopy, respectively, with a height of ∼27.5 nm for the first bilayer and an overall height of ∼165 nm for the (PAH/poly(MC-R))5 multilayer film. Prolonged white light irradiation (22 h) resulted in a gradual decrease of the MC band by 90.4 ± 2.9% relative to the baseline, indicating the potential application of these films as coatings for photocontrolled delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula P Campos
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
- Post-Graduation Program in Materials Science and Technology (POSMAT) , Estate University of São Paulo (UNESP) , Bauru 17033-360 , Brazil
| | - Aishling Dunne
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Colm Delaney
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Cara Moloney
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Victoria 3122 , Australia
| | - Fernando Benito-Lopez
- Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC) Group, Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Chemistry Department , University of the Basque Country , Lejona 48940 , Spain
| | - Marystela Ferreira
- Federal University of São Carlos-Sorocaba (UFSCAR) , Sorocaba 18052-780 , Brazil
| | - Dermot Diamond
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Larisa Florea
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland
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19
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Jones SE, Green SA, Clark AL, Dickson MJ, Nolan AM, Moloney C, Kon SSC, Godden J, Howe C, Haselden BM, Fleming S, Man WDC. P102 Post-Hospitalisation Outpatient Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Translational Gap? Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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20
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Abstract
AIM To evaluate recent trends in alcohol related deaths in the UK and to consider possible causative factors. DESIGN Observational retrospective study of the database of the Office for National Statistics, alcohol consumption data reported by the General Household Survey, and other published data. SETTING England, 1993-9. RESULTS Deaths for each million of the population from alcohol related illness increased by 59% in men and 40% in women over the years 1993 to 1999. One subgroup of alcohol related deaths, ICD 571.3 (alcoholic liver damage unspecified), showed a 243% increase in men aged 40 to 49 years over the same period. Figures for younger men, and women in all age groups, showed less pronounced increases. There has been no associated rise in alcohol intake. There has been an increase in the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in recent years, and alcohol consumption in HCV positive individuals accelerates the progression to cirrhosis. Circumstantial evidence links the rise in HCV infection to the use of illicit drugs in the 1970s and 1980s, among those currently aged 40 to 59 years. CONCLUSIONS The recent increase in alcohol related deaths cannot be solely explained by a change in drinking habits. It is suggested that this probably results from the rapid progression of alcoholic cirrhosis in people who have acquired HCV infection through intravenous drug use. Alcohol consumption in HCV positive individuals is firmly linked with a poor outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Henry
- Academic Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London W2 1NY, UK.
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21
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Moloney C, Damon B, Regan AM. Pediatric compliance in combination HIV therapy. Getting it right the first time. Adv Nurse Pract 1998; 6:35-8. [PMID: 9582738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Moloney
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, USA
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Crowley B, Path C, Moloney C, Keane CT. Cyclospora species--a cause of diarrhoea among Irish travellers to Asia. Ir Med J 1996; 89:110-112. [PMID: 8707518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report three cases of travellers' diarrhoea caused by Cyclospora cayetanensis. These demonstrate the importance of cyclosporiasis as a cause of diarrhoea in Irish travellers to Nepal and Pakistan and its effective treatment with co-trimoxazole. Laboratory staff must measure the size of oocysts in stool samples to properly identify this protozoan.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Crowley
- Dept. of Clinical Microbiology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin
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Berruti A, Underhill LG, Shelton PA, Moloney C, Crawford RJM. Seasonal and Interannual Variation in the Diet of Two Colonies of the Cape Gannet (Morus capensis) between 1977-78 and 1989. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.2307/1521434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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