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Pagano M, Del Prete S. Symphonies of Growth: Unveiling the Impact of Sound Waves on Plant Physiology and Productivity. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:326. [PMID: 38785808 PMCID: PMC11117645 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The application of sound wave technology to different plant species has revealed that variations in the Hz, sound pressure intensity, treatment duration, and type of setup of the sound source significantly impact the plant performance. A study conducted on cotton plants treated with Plant Acoustic Frequency Technology (PAFT) highlighted improvements across various growth metrics. In particular, the treated samples showed increases in the height, size of the fourth expanded leaf from the final one, count of branches carrying bolls, quantity of bolls, and weight of individual bolls. Another study showed how the impact of a 4 kHz sound stimulus positively promoted plant drought tolerance. In other cases, such as in transgenic rice plants, GUS expression was upregulated at 250 Hz but downregulated at 50 Hz. In the same way, sound frequencies have been found to enhance the osmotic potential, with the highest observed in samples treated with frequencies of 0.5 and 0.8 kHz compared to the control. Furthermore, a sound treatment with a frequency of 0.4 kHz and a sound pressure level (SPL) of 106 dB significantly increased the paddy rice germination index, as evidenced by an increase in the stem height and relative fresh weight. This paper presents a complete, rationalized and updated review of the literature on the effects of sound waves on the physiology and growth parameters of sound-treated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pagano
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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Muthusamy M, Lee SI. Abiotic stress-induced secondary metabolite production in Brassica: opportunities and challenges. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1323085. [PMID: 38239210 PMCID: PMC10794482 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1323085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Over the decades, extensive research efforts have been undertaken to understand how secondary plant metabolites are affected by genetic, environmental, and agronomic factors. Understanding the genetic basis of stress-response metabolite biosynthesis is crucial for sustainable agriculture production amidst frequent occurrence of climatic anomalies. Although it is known that environmental factors influence phytochemical profiles and their content, studies of plant compounds in relation to stress mitigation are only emerging and largely hindered by phytochemical diversities and technical shortcomings in measurement techniques. Despite these challenges, considerable success has been achieved in profiling of secondary metabolites such as glucosinolates, flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic acids and alkaloids. In this study, we aimed to understand the roles of glucosinolates, flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic acids and alkaloids in relation to their abiotic stress response, with a focus on the developing of stress-resilient crops. The focal genus is the Brassica since it (i) possesses variety of specialized phytochemicals that are important for its plant defense against major abiotic stresses, and (ii) hosts many economically important crops that are sensitive to adverse growth conditions. We summarize that augmented levels of specialized metabolites in Brassica primarily function as stress mitigators against oxidative stress, which is a secondary stressor in many abiotic stresses. Furthermore, it is clear that functional characterization of stress-response metabolites or their genetic pathways describing biosynthesis is essential for developing stress-resilient Brassica crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soo In Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Wu L, Yang N, Guo M, Zhang D, Ghiladi RA, Bayram H, Wang J. The role of sound stimulation in production of plant secondary metabolites. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:40. [PMID: 37847483 PMCID: PMC10581969 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00409-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Sound vibration is one of natural stimuli trigging physiological changes in plants. Recent studies showed that sound waves stimulated production of a variety of plant secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, in order to enhance seed germination, flowering, growth or defense. In this review, we examine the potential role of sound stimulation on the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and the followed cascade of physiological changes in plants, from the perspective of transcriptional regulation and epigenetic regulation for the first time. A systematic summary showed that a wide range of factors may regulate the production of secondary metabolites, including plant species, growth stage, sound types, sound frequency, sound intensity level and exposure time, etc. Biochemical and physiological changes due to sound stimulation were thoroughly summarized as well, for secondary metabolites can also act as a free radical scavenger, or a hormone signaling molecule. We also discussed the limits of previous studies, and the future application of sound waves in biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Department of Music, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Guo
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Didi Zhang
- Department of Music, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Reza A Ghiladi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Hasan Bayram
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Koç University Hospital, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jun Wang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Caicedo-Lopez LH, Guevara-Gonzalez RG, Andrade JE, Esquivel-Delgado A, Perez-Matzumoto AE, Torres-Pacheco I, Contreras-Medina LM. Effect of hydric stress-related acoustic emission on transcriptional and biochemical changes associated with a water deficit in Capsicum annuum L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 165:251-264. [PMID: 34082331 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
At specific vibration frequencies like ones generated by insects such as caterpillar chewing and bee's buzz-pollination turn on the plants secondary metabolism and their respective pathways gets activated. Thus, studies report that vibrations and sound waves applied to plants improves their fitness performance. Commonly, acoustic treatments for plants have used arbitrarily random frequencies. In this work, a group of signals obtained from hydric-stressed plants was recorded as vibrational patterns using a laser vibrometer. These vibration-signals were classified as representative of each condition and then externally applied as Acoustic Emission Patterns (AEP). The present research hypothesized that specific vibration frequencies could "emulate" a plant signal through mechanical energy based on tplant's ability to recognize vibration pattern similarity to a hydric status. This investigation aimed to apply the AEP's as characteristic vibrations classified as Low hydric stress (LHS), medium hydric stress (MHS), and high hydric stress (HHS) to evaluate their effect on healthy-well watered plants at two developmental stages. In the vegetative stage, the gene expression related to antioxidant and hydric stress responses was assessed. The LHS, MHS, and HHS acoustic treatments up-regulated the peroxidase (Pod) (~2.8, 1.9, and 3.6-fold change, respectively). The superoxide dismutase (Mn-sod) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (Pal) genes were up-regulated by HHS (~0.23 and ~0.55-fold change, respectively) and, the chalcone synthase (Chs) gene was induced by MHS (~0.63-fold-change). At the fructification stage, the MHS treatment induced a significant increase in Capsaicin content (5.88-fold change), probably through the at3and kas gene activation. Findings are correlated for a better understanding of plant responses to different multi frequency-signals tones from vibrations with potential for agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Helena Caicedo-Lopez
- Biosystems Engineering Group, Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro-Campus Amazcala, El Marques, Queretaro, Mexico; Group of Basic and Applied Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro-Campus Amazcala, El Marqués, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Ramon Gerardo Guevara-Gonzalez
- Biosystems Engineering Group, Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro-Campus Amazcala, El Marques, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Juan E Andrade
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Adolfo Esquivel-Delgado
- Physical Metrology, National Metrology Center (CENAM) km 4.5 Carretera a Los Cues C.P. 76246, El Marqués, Qro, Mexico
| | | | - Irineo Torres-Pacheco
- Biosystems Engineering Group, Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro-Campus Amazcala, El Marques, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Luis Miguel Contreras-Medina
- Group of Basic and Applied Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro-Campus Amazcala, El Marqués, Querétaro, Mexico.
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Gamba M, Asllanaj E, Raguindin PF, Glisic M, Franco OH, Minder B, Bussler W, Metzger B, Kern H, Muka T. Nutritional and phytochemical characterization of radish (Raphanus sativus): A systematic review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sound Waves Promote Arabidopsis thaliana Root Growth by Regulating Root Phytohormone Content. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115739. [PMID: 34072151 PMCID: PMC8199107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sound waves affect plants at the biochemical, physical, and genetic levels. However, the mechanisms by which plants respond to sound waves are largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of sound waves on Arabidopsis thaliana growth. The results of the study showed that Arabidopsis seeds exposed to sound waves (100 and 100 + 9k Hz) for 15 h per day for 3 day had significantly longer root growth than that in the control group. The root length and cell number in the root apical meristem were significantly affected by sound waves. Furthermore, genes involved in cell division were upregulated in seedlings exposed to sound waves. Root development was affected by the concentration and activity of some phytohormones, including cytokinin and auxin. Analysis of the expression levels of genes regulating cytokinin and auxin biosynthesis and signaling showed that cytokinin and ethylene signaling genes were downregulated, while auxin signaling and biosynthesis genes were upregulated in Arabidopsis exposed to sound waves. Additionally, the cytokinin and auxin concentrations of the roots of Arabidopsis plants increased and decreased, respectively, after exposure to sound waves. Our findings suggest that sound waves are potential agricultural tools for improving crop growth performance.
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Bilas RD, Bretman A, Bennett T. Friends, neighbours and enemies: an overview of the communal and social biology of plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:997-1013. [PMID: 33270936 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants were traditionally seen as rather passive actors in their environment, interacting with each other only in so far as they competed for the same resources. In the last 30 years, this view has been spectacularly overturned, with a wealth of evidence showing that plants actively detect and respond to their neighbours. Moreover, there is evidence that these responses depend on the identity of the neighbour, and that plants may cooperate with their kin, displaying social behaviour as complex as that observed in animals. These plant-plant interactions play a vital role in shaping natural ecosystems, and are also very important in determining agricultural productivity. However, in terms of mechanistic understanding, we have only just begun to scratch the surface, and many aspects of plant-plant interactions remain poorly understood. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the field of plant-plant interactions, covering the communal interactions of plants with their neighbours as well as the social behaviour of plants towards their kin, and the consequences of these interactions. We particularly focus on the mechanisms that underpin neighbour detection and response, highlighting both progress and gaps in our understanding of these fascinating but previously overlooked interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza D Bilas
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Amanda Bretman
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Tom Bennett
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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