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Aghogho CI, Kayondo SI, Eleblu SJY, Ige A, Asante I, Offei SK, Parkes E, Egesi C, Mbanjo EGN, Shah T, Kulakow P, Rabbi IY. Genome-wide association study for yield and quality of granulated cassava processed product. THE PLANT GENOME 2024; 17:e20469. [PMID: 38880944 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The starchy storage roots of cassava are commonly processed into a variety of products, including cassava granulated processed products (gari). The commercial value of cassava roots depends on the yield and quality of processed products, directly influencing the acceptance of new varieties by farmers, processors, and consumers. This study aims to estimate genetic advance through phenotypic selection and identify genomic regions associated and candidate genes linked with gari yield and quality. Higher single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability estimates compared to broad-sense heritability estimates were observed for most traits highlighting the influence of genetic factors on observed variation. Using genome-wide association analysis of 188 clones, genotyped using 53,150 genome-wide SNPs, nine SNPs located on seven chromosomes were significantly associated with peel loss, gari yield, color parameters for gari and eba, bulk density, swelling index, and textural properties of eba. Future research will focus on validating and understanding the functions of identified genes and their influence on gari yield and quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Idhigu Aghogho
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Siraj Ismail Kayondo
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Eastern Africa Hub, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Saviour J Y Eleblu
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Adenike Ige
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Isaac Asante
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Samuel K Offei
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Elizabeth Parkes
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Chiedozie Egesi
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umuahia, Nigeria
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | | | - Trushar Shah
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ILRI, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peter Kulakow
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ismail Y Rabbi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
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Bello A, Agbona A, Olaosebikan O, Edughaen G, Dufour D, Bouniol A, Iluebbey P, Ndjouenkeu R, Rabbi I, Teeken B. Genetic and environmental effects on processing productivity and food product yield: drudgery of women's work. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4758-4769. [PMID: 37897065 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cassava processing is a crucial source of livelihood for rural farmers and processors in Nigeria and Cameroon. This study investigated the varietal effect on the processing productivity of women farmer processors within their working environment and compared this with the food product quality as evaluated by the processors and the field yield. Field trials were established in Nigeria (Benue and Osun state) and Cameroon (Littoral region). Eight cassava genotypes were evaluated. These eight varieties included newly bred genotypes, commercial checks and varieties provided and preferred by the processors. The roots of these genotypes were harvested and processed into gari and eba by processors. The time of each processing step was recorded. Processors assessed the quality of the roots and food products using pairwise ranking. RESULTS In the field trials in Cameroon and Nigeria (Benue state), the newly bred genotypes showed superior performance in terms of dry matter content and fresh and dry yield. During processing, genotypes showed significant variation for most assessed parameters in both countries. Some newly bred varieties exhibited lower productivity that can make them more prone to drudgery than the local commercial checks and the varieties provided and preferred by the processors. Newly bred varieties were mostly ranked higher or equal to processors' preferred varieties concerning fresh root and food product quality. In the Cameroon location there were significant varietal differences in processing productivity and drudgery index which suggest that the particular processing methods there - such as pressing methods and fermentation time - cause these varietal differences to matter more. CONCLUSIONS The varieties that were tested were observed to differ in yield, product quality, processing productivity, and potential drudgery levels. Some breeders' germplasms displayed a combination of increased yields and good product quality and good processor productivity. Those varieties that showed low processor productivity should be avoided during selection to avoid increased labour burden and associated drudgery of women processors. Further research is recommended to enhance food product color, latent culinary qualities, and processing productivity of newly bred varieties to improve acceptability and reduce processing drudgery for women. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolore Bello
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Afolabi Agbona
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
- Texas A & M University, College Station, USA
| | | | - Gospel Edughaen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Dominique Dufour
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, France
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Bouniol
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Cotonou, Benin
- Laboratoire de Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Peter Iluebbey
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Robert Ndjouenkeu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, ENSAI, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Ismail Rabbi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Béla Teeken
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
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Madu T, Onwuka S, Nwafor S, Ejechi M, Ofoeze M, Onyemauwa N, Ukeje B, Eluagu C, Olaosebikan O, Okoye B. Gender-inclusive consumer studies improve cassava breeding in Nigeria. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2024; 9:1224504. [PMID: 38410413 PMCID: PMC10895297 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1224504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Including gender research in cassava breeding makes it easier for farmers to adopt new varieties that meet the specific needs and preferences of both male and female farmers, leading to increased adoption of new varieties, improved productivity, and better economic outcomes for the entire farming community. Gender was included in 2013 in variety development at the National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI), Umudike, Nigeria in response to the dis-adoption of some varieties by farmers who had not been part of varietal development from the start, and in light of social roles which influence the responsibilities, resources and livelihood outcomes of men, women and youths. Gender inclusion has given plant breeders accurate information about the cassava traits preferred by all end-users, not just male farmers. At NRCRI, gender studies intensified in the last 5 years, contributing to the development and release of improved varieties. Quantitative and qualitative research by the gender cross-cutting team modeled trait profiling and consumer preferences, to aid demand-led breeding. Some of the methods were acquired at several trainings on how to quantify qualitative responses for prioritization. Gender research techniques include participatory varietal selection (PVS), participatory plant breeding (PPB), mother-baby trials, focus group discussions (FGD), surveys, value chain mapping, G+ tools, experiments in farmer field schools (FFS), demonstration farms, and tricot. These gave the cross-cutting team a better understanding of gender relations, power, decision-making, ownership and control of resources, and have mitigated operational and field challenges during the surveys. These methods also elicited feedback from end-users that led to better naming of newly released varieties, reflecting perceptions of agronomic performance, and food qualities, which made the varieties easier to identify and remember.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessy Madu
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Samuel Onwuka
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Nwafor
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Mercy Ejechi
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Miriam Ofoeze
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | | | - Blessing Ukeje
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Chinwe Eluagu
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | | | - Benjamin Okoye
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
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de Sousa K, van Etten J, Manners R, Abidin E, Abdulmalik RO, Abolore B, Acheremu K, Angudubo S, Aguilar A, Arnaud E, Babu A, Barrios M, Benavente G, Boukar O, Cairns JE, Carey E, Daudi H, Dawud M, Edughaen G, Ellison J, Esuma W, Mohammed SG, van de Gevel J, Gomez M, van Heerwaarden J, Iragaba P, Kadege E, Assefa TM, Kalemera S, Kasubiri FS, Kawuki R, Kidane YG, Kilango M, Kulembeka H, Kwadwo A, Madriz B, Masumba E, Mbiu J, Mendes T, Müller A, Moyo M, Mtunda K, Muzhingi T, Muungani D, Mwenda ET, Nadigatla GRVPR, Nanyonjo AR, N’Danikou S, Nduwumuremyi A, Nshimiyimana JC, Nuwamanya E, Nyirahabimana H, Occelli M, Olaosebikan O, Ongom PO, Ortiz-Crespo B, Oteng-Fripong R, Ozimati A, Owoade D, Quiros CF, Rosas JC, Rukundo P, Rutsaert P, Sibomana M, Sharma N, Shida N, Steinke J, Ssali R, Suchini JG, Teeken B, Tengey TK, Tufan HA, Tumwegamire S, Tuyishime E, Ulzen J, Umar ML, Onwuka S, Madu TU, Voss RC, Yeye M, Zaman-Allah M. The tricot approach: an agile framework for decentralized on-farm testing supported by citizen science. A retrospective. AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2024; 44:8. [PMID: 38282889 PMCID: PMC10811175 DOI: 10.1007/s13593-023-00937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Matching crop varieties to their target use context and user preferences is a challenge faced by many plant breeding programs serving smallholder agriculture. Numerous participatory approaches proposed by CGIAR and other research teams over the last four decades have attempted to capture farmers' priorities/preferences and crop variety field performance in representative growing environments through experimental trials with higher external validity. Yet none have overcome the challenges of scalability, data validity and reliability, and difficulties in capturing socio-economic and environmental heterogeneity. Building on the strengths of these attempts, we developed a new data-generation approach, called triadic comparison of technology options (tricot). Tricot is a decentralized experimental approach supported by crowdsourced citizen science. In this article, we review the development, validation, and evolution of the tricot approach, through our own research results and reviewing the literature in which tricot approaches have been successfully applied. The first results indicated that tricot-aggregated farmer-led assessments contained information with adequate validity and that reliability could be achieved with a large sample. Costs were lower than current participatory approaches. Scaling the tricot approach into a large on-farm testing network successfully registered specific climatic effects of crop variety performance in representative growing environments. Tricot's recent application in plant breeding networks in relation to decision-making has (i) advanced plant breeding lines recognizing socio-economic heterogeneity, and (ii) identified consumers' preferences and market demands, generating alternative breeding design priorities. We review lessons learned from tricot applications that have enabled a large scaling effort, which should lead to stronger decision-making in crop improvement and increased use of improved varieties in smallholder agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kauê de Sousa
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | - Jacob van Etten
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Rhys Manners
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Erna Abidin
- Reputed Agriculture 4 Development Stichting & Foundation, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Rekiya O. Abdulmalik
- Department of Plant Science, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810211 Nigeria
| | - Bello Abolore
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kwabena Acheremu
- Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | - Amilcar Aguilar
- Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Elizabeth Arnaud
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Adventina Babu
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Mirna Barrios
- Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Grecia Benavente
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Ousmane Boukar
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Jill E. Cairns
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Edward Carey
- Reputed Agriculture 4 Development Stichting & Foundation, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Happy Daudi
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | | | - Gospel Edughaen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Williams Esuma
- National Crop Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Marvin Gomez
- Fundación para la Investigación Participativa con Agricultores de Honduras (FIPAH), La Ceiba, Atlántida Honduras
| | - Joost van Heerwaarden
- Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paula Iragaba
- National Crop Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edith Kadege
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Teshale M. Assefa
- Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Sylvia Kalemera
- Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Fadhili Salum Kasubiri
- Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Robert Kawuki
- National Crop Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | - Adofo Kwadwo
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Crops Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Ester Masumba
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Julius Mbiu
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | | | - Anna Müller
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Mukani Moyo
- International Potato Center (CIP), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kiddo Mtunda
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Tawanda Muzhingi
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Science, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Dean Muungani
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Martina Occelli
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | | | | | - Berta Ortiz-Crespo
- Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Richard Oteng-Fripong
- Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Alfred Ozimati
- National Crop Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Durodola Owoade
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Carlos F. Quiros
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Juan Carlos Rosas
- Genética y Fitomejoramiento, Escuela Agrícola Panamericana Zamorano, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Placide Rukundo
- Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board (RAB), Huye, Rwanda
| | - Pieter Rutsaert
- Sustainable Agrifood Systems, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Neeraj Sharma
- Tuberosum Technologies Inc., Broderick, Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Nestory Shida
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Jonathan Steinke
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
- Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reuben Ssali
- International Potato Center (CIP), Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Béla Teeken
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Theophilus Kwabla Tengey
- Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Hale Ann Tufan
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | | | | | - Jacob Ulzen
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
- Forest and Horticultural Crops Research Center, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Samuel Onwuka
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Tessy Ugo Madu
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Rachel C. Voss
- Sustainable Agrifood Systems, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mary Yeye
- Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR), ABU, Zaria, Nigeria
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