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Bermúdez-Bazán M, Estarrón-Espinosa M, Castillo-Herrera GA, Escobedo-Reyes A, Urias-Silvas JE, Lugo-Cervantes E, Gschaedler-Mathis A. Agave angustifolia Haw. Leaves as a Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds: Extraction Optimization and Extract Characterization. Molecules 2024; 29:1137. [PMID: 38474649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Agave angustifolia Haw. are the main agro-waste generated by the mezcal industry and are becoming an important source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, that could be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, the extraction and identification of these phytochemicals would revalorize these leaf by-products. Herein, maceration and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extractions were optimized to maximize the phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antioxidant capacity of vegetal extracts of A. angustifolia Haw. In the maceration process, the optimal extraction condition was a water-ethanol mixture (63:37% v/v), which yielded a total phenolic and flavonoid content of 27.92 ± 0.90 mg EAG/g DL and 12.85 ± 0.53 µg QE/g DL, respectively, and an antioxidant capacity of 32.67 ± 0.91 (ABTS assay), 17.30 ± 0.36 (DPPH assay), and 13.92 ± 0.78 (FRAP assay) µM TE/g DL. Using supercritical extraction, the optimal conditions for polyphenol recovery were 60 °C, 320 bar, and 10% v/v. It was also observed that lower proportions of cosolvent decreased the polyphenol extraction more than pressure and temperature. In both optimized extracts, a total of 29 glycosylated flavonoid derivatives were identified using LC-ESI-QTof/MS. In addition, another eight novel compounds were identified in the supercritical extracts, showing the efficiency of the cosolvent for recovering new flavonoid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misael Bermúdez-Bazán
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mirna Estarrón-Espinosa
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Castillo-Herrera
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Antonio Escobedo-Reyes
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Servicios Analíticos y Metrológicos, Av. Normalistas No. 800, Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Judith Esmeralda Urias-Silvas
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Eugenia Lugo-Cervantes
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Anne Gschaedler-Mathis
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
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Wang X, Huang X, Chen L, Xie Z, Tan S, Qin X, Chen T, Huang Y, Xi J, Chen H, Yi K. Transcriptome Sequencing of Agave amaniensis Reveals Shoot-Related Expression Patterns of Expansin A Genes in Agave. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2020. [PMID: 37653937 PMCID: PMC10222593 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Agave species are widely planted for fiber production. However, the molecular basis of agave fiber development has not been well understood. In this study, we performed a transcriptomic analysis in A. amaniensi, a well-known variety with high-quality fiber production. Approximately 43.87 million clean reads were obtained using Illumina sequencing. The de novo assembly produced 66,746 unigrams, 54% of which were annotated in a public database. In the Nr database, 21,490 unigenes of A. amaniensis were shown to be most closely related to Asparagus officinalis. Nine expansin A orthologs with full coding regions were obtained, which were named EXP1a, EXP1b, EXP2, EXP3, EXP4a, EXP4b, EXP11, EXP12, and EXP13. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree revealed the species-specific expansion of expansin genes in Arabidopsis, rice and agave. The expression analysis suggested the negative correlation between the expression of expansin genes and the leaf growth rate, except AhEXP11. Moreover, expansin genes were differentially affected by abiotic and biotic stresses. Notably, AhEXP2 expression level was highly upgraded after the infection of Phytophthora nicotiana. Nutrient deficiency also influent expansin genes expression. Together, our research will benefit future studies related to fiber development, disease resistance and nutrient usage in agave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxia Wang
- Urban Construction College, Wuchang Shouyi University, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Lisha Chen
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of Sisal and Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Zhouli Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shibei Tan
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Xu Qin
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Yanlei Huang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingen Xi
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Helong Chen
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Kexian Yi
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Haikou 571101, China
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Herrera-Ruiz M, Jiménez-Ferrer E, González-Cortazar M, Zamilpa A, Cardoso-Taketa A, Arenas-Ocampo ML, Jiménez-Aparicio AR, Monterrosas-Brisson N. Potential Use of Agave Genus in Neuroinflammation Management. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172208. [PMID: 36079590 PMCID: PMC9460694 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Agavaceae contains about 480 species, commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages such as tequila and mezcal, making it a resource of economic and cultural importance. Uses of this plant rely mainly on the stem; other components such as the leaves are discarded, generating agro-industrial waste, despite being a source of bioactive and nutraceutical products. Reports show anti-inflammatory and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of these species, with flavonoids and saponins being mainly responsible. Neuroinflammation is a brain process that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders and its effects contribute greatly to mortality and morbidity worldwide. This can be triggered by mechanisms such as glial reactions that lead to the release of inflammatory and oxidative molecules, causing damage to the CNS. Treatments do not cure chronic disease associated with inflammation; they only slow its progression, producing side effects that affect quality of life. Plant-based therapy is promising for treating these diseases. Pharmacological activities have been described for the Agavaceae family; however, their role in neuroinflammation has not been fully investigated, and represents an important target for study. This review synthesizes the existing literature on the biologically active compounds of Agave species that are related in some way to inflammation, which will allow us to propose a line of research with this genus on the forefront to orient experimental designs for treating neuroinflammation and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Herrera-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Xochitepec 62740, Mexico
| | - Enrique Jiménez-Ferrer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Xochitepec 62740, Mexico
| | - Manasés González-Cortazar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Xochitepec 62740, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Xochitepec 62740, Mexico
| | - Alexandre Cardoso-Taketa
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - Martha Lucía Arenas-Ocampo
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Yautepec 62739, Mexico
| | | | - Nayeli Monterrosas-Brisson
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Advances in the Micropropagation and Genetic Transformation of Agave Species. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131757. [PMID: 35807709 PMCID: PMC9269549 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Agave genus is composed of approximately 210 species distributed from south United States to Colombia and Venezuela. Numerous Agave species have been used for the preparation of alcoholic beverages and have attracted interest in the pharmaceutical and food industry. Despite their economic importance, there are few initiatives for the improvement and selection of characteristics of interest. This is mainly due to its morphology, long lifecycles, and monocarpic nature. Micropropagation is a feasible alternative to the improvement of Agave species. It has been used for multiple purposes, including massive propagation, induction of somaclonal variation to enhance agronomic characteristics of interest, maintenance of specific genotypes, and genetic transformation using molecular techniques. In this report, we summarize the most outstanding findings regarding the micropropagation of Agave species mediated by multiple regeneration responses. We also describe the media and growth regulators for each of the previously described methods. In addition, we discuss how micropropagation has allowed the development of transformation protocols. Exploitation of this technology may be a feasible strategy to introduce genes and improve certain traits. Genetic transformation also offers an opportunity for studying molecular mechanisms. This represents advantages for optimizing production in the field and for implementing breeding programs.
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Fernández-Lainez C, Akkerman R, Oerlemans MMP, Logtenberg MJ, Schols HA, Silva-Lagos LA, López-Velázquez G, de Vos P. β(2→6)-Type fructans attenuate proinflammatory responses in a structure dependent fashion via Toll-like receptors. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118893. [PMID: 34893295 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Graminan-type fructans (GTFs) have demonstrated immune benefits. However, mechanisms underlying these benefits are unknown. We studied GTFs interaction with Toll-like receptors (TLRs), performed molecular docking and determined their impact on dendritic cells (DCs). Effects of GTFs were compared with those of inulin-type fructans (ITFs). Whereas ITFs only contained β(2→1)-linked fructans, GTFs showed higher complexity as it contains additional β(2→6)-linkages. GTFs activated NF-κB/AP-1 through MyD88 and TRIF pathways. GTFs stimulated TLR3, 7 and 9 while ITFs activated TLR2 and TLR4. GTFs strongly inhibited TLR2 and TLR4, while ITFs did not inhibit any TLR. Molecular docking demonstrated interactions of fructans with TLR2, 3, and 4 in a structure dependent fashion. Moreover, ITFs and GTFs attenuated pro-inflammatory cytokine production of stimulated DCs. These findings demonstrate immunomodulatory effects of GTFs via TLRs and attenuation of cytokine production in dendritic cells by GTFs and long-chain ITF.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fernández-Lainez
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands; Laboratorio de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - R Akkerman
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M M P Oerlemans
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M J Logtenberg
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - H A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - L A Silva-Lagos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - G López-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - P de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
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McGaw LJ, Omokhua-Uyi AG, Finnie JF, Van Staden J. Invasive alien plants and weeds in South Africa: A review of their applications in traditional medicine and potential pharmaceutical properties. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114564. [PMID: 34438034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional pharmacopoeias are constantly evolving and adapting, hence the assimilation of alien plants and weeds into traditional systems of healing. Invasive plants are detrimental to the ecosystem, however they are also potential sources of secondary metabolites with useful biological activities. AIM OF THE REVIEW The aim of this review was to investigate published reports of traditional use and biological activity of declared invasive alien plants and other weeds in South Africa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information was retrieved from scientific databases including Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, Chemical Abstracts Services and books, theses, dissertations and technical reports. Keywords used for the search engines were "South Africa" or "southern Africa" in conjunction with "(native weeds OR alien invasive)" AND "medicinal". Separate searches were conducted on the individual invasive plant species recorded as having been used in ethnobotanical surveys to determine their known biological activities and chemical components. RESULTS A total of 89 plant species regarded as invasive species or weeds in South Africa were identified as being used in traditional medicine. The most commonly mentioned plant family was the Asteraceae with a total of 15 species followed by the Fabaceae and Solanaceae with 6 species each. Of the 89 species recorded, 68% were reported to have traditional usage with both phytochemical and biological data available. A history of traditional usage coupled with biological data was available for 12% of species. Records of traditional usage alone were linked to 11% of species. Invasive alien species comprised 61% of recorded species, while native and non-invasive alien weeds formed the remaining 39%. CONCLUSIONS The exploration of alternative uses for weeds and particularly invasive plants, whether native or alien, as medicines for possible commercialisation may lead to innovative mechanisms for putting such species to good use.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J McGaw
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3201, South Africa; Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - A G Omokhua-Uyi
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3201, South Africa; Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - J F Finnie
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3201, South Africa.
| | - J Van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3201, South Africa.
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Agave By-Products: An Overview of Their Nutraceutical Value, Current Applications, and Processing Methods. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides2030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Agave, commonly known as “maguey” is an important part of the Mexican tradition and economy, and is mainly used for the production of alcoholic beverages, such as tequila. Industrial exploitation generates by-products, including leaves, bagasse, and fibers, that can be re-valorized. Agave is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, fructans, and pectin, as well as simple carbohydrates. Regarding functional properties, fructans content makes agave a potential source of prebiotics with the capability to lower blood glucose and enhance lipid homeostasis when it is incorporated as a prebiotic ingredient in cookies and granola bars. Agave also has phytochemicals, such as saponins and flavonoids, conferring anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties, among other benefits. Agave fibers are used for polymer-based composite reinforcement and elaboration, due to their thermo-mechanical properties. Agave bagasse is considered a promising biofuel feedstock, attributed to its high-water efficiency and biomass productivity, as well as its high carbohydrate content. The optimization of physical and chemical pretreatments, enzymatic saccharification and fermentation are key for biofuel production. Emerging technologies, such as ultrasound, can provide an alternative to current pretreatment processes. In conclusion, agaves are a rich source of by-products with a wide range of potential industrial applications, therefore novel processing methods are being explored for a sustainable re-valorization of these residues.
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Morreeuw ZP, Castillo-Quiroz D, Ríos-González LJ, Martínez-Rincón R, Estrada N, Melchor-Martínez EM, Iqbal HMN, Parra-Saldívar R, Reyes AG. High Throughput Profiling of Flavonoid Abundance in Agave lechuguilla Residue-Valorizing under Explored Mexican Plant. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10040695. [PMID: 33916866 PMCID: PMC8067008 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Agave lechuguilla waste biomass (guishe) is an undervalued abundant plant material with natural active compounds such as flavonoids. Hence, the search and conservation of flavonoids through the different productive areas have to be studied to promote the use of this agro-residue for industrial purposes. In this work, we compared the proportion of total flavonoid content (TFC) among the total polyphenolics (TPC) and described the variation of specific flavonoid profiles (HPLC-UV-MS/MS) of guishe from three locations. Descriptive environmental analysis, using remote sensing, was used to understand the phytochemical variability among the productive regions. Furthermore, the effect of extractive solvent (ethanol and methanol) and storage conditions on specific flavonoid recovery were evaluated. The highest TPC (16.46 ± 1.09 GAE/g) was observed in the guishe from region 1, which also had a lower normalized difference water index (NDWI) and lower normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). In contrast, the TFC was similar in the agro-residue from the three studied areas, suggesting that TFC is not affected by the studied environmental features. The highest TFC was found in the ethanolic extracts (6.32 ± 1.66 QE/g) compared to the methanolic extracts (3.81 ± 1.14 QE/g). Additionally, the highest diversity in flavonoids was found in the ethanolic extract of guishe from region 3, which presented an intermedia NDWI and a lower NDVI. Despite the geo-climatic induced variations of the phytochemical profiles, the results confirm that guishe is a valuable raw material in terms of its flavonoid-enriched bioactive extracts. Additionally, the bioactive flavonoids remain stable when the conditioned agro-residue was hermetically stored at room temperature in the dark for nine months. Finally, the results enabled the establishment of both agro-ecological and biotechnological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé P. Morreeuw
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo Santa Rita Sur, La Paz 23096, Mexico;
| | - David Castillo-Quiroz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Campo Experimental Saltillo, Carretera Saltillo-Zacatecas 9515, Col. Hacienda Buenavista, Saltillo 25315, Mexico;
| | - Leopoldo J. Ríos-González
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (UAdeC), Blvd. V. Carranza, Republica Oriente, Saltillo 25280, Mexico;
| | - Raúl Martínez-Rincón
- Programa Catedra CONACYT-CIBNOR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo Santa Rita Sur, La Paz 23096, Mexico; (R.M.-R.); (N.E.)
| | - Norma Estrada
- Programa Catedra CONACYT-CIBNOR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo Santa Rita Sur, La Paz 23096, Mexico; (R.M.-R.); (N.E.)
| | | | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (H.M.N.I.); (R.P.-S.); (A.G.R.)
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (H.M.N.I.); (R.P.-S.); (A.G.R.)
| | - Ana G. Reyes
- Programa Catedra CONACYT-CIBNOR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo Santa Rita Sur, La Paz 23096, Mexico; (R.M.-R.); (N.E.)
- Correspondence: (H.M.N.I.); (R.P.-S.); (A.G.R.)
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Morreeuw ZP, Escobedo-Fregoso C, Ríos-González LJ, Castillo-Quiroz D, Reyes AG. Transcriptome-based metabolic profiling of flavonoids in Agave lechuguilla waste biomass. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 305:110748. [PMID: 33691954 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Agave lechuguilla is one of the most abundant species in arid and semiarid regions of Mexico, and is used to extract fiber. However, 85 % of the harvested plant material is discarded. Previous bioprospecting studies of the waste biomass suggest the presence of bioactive compounds, although the extraction process limited metabolite characterization. This work achieved flavonoid profiling of A. lechuguilla in both processed and non-processed leaf tissues using transcriptomic analysis. Functional annotation of the first de novo transcriptome of A. lechuguilla (255.7 Mbp) allowed identifying genes coding for 33 enzymes and 8 transcription factors involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. The flavonoid metabolic pathway was mostly elucidated by HPLC-MS/MS screening of alcoholic extracts. Key genes of flavonoid synthesis were higher expressed in processed leaf tissues than in non-processed leaves, suggesting a high content of flavonoids and glycoside derivatives in the waste biomass. Targeted HPLC-UV-MS analyses confirmed the concentration of isorhamnetin (1251.96 μg), flavanone (291.51 μg), hesperidin (34.23 μg), delphinidin (24.23 μg), quercetin (15.57 μg), kaempferol (13.71 μg), cyanidin (12.32 μg), apigenin (9.70 μg) and catechin (7.91 μg) per gram of dry residue. Transcriptomic and biochemical profiling concur in the potential of lechuguilla by-products with a wide range of applications in agriculture, feed, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé P Morreeuw
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo Santa Rita Sur, C.P. 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
| | - Cristina Escobedo-Fregoso
- CONACYT-CIBNOR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo Santa Rita Sur, C.P. 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo J Ríos-González
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (UAdeC), Blvd. V. Carranza, Col. Republica Oriente, C.P. 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - David Castillo-Quiroz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Campo Experimental Saltillo, Carretera Saltillo-Zacatecas 9515, Col. Hacienda Buenavista, C.P. 25315, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Ana G Reyes
- CONACYT-CIBNOR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo Santa Rita Sur, C.P. 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico.
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Pérez-Zavala MDL, Hernández-Arzaba JC, Bideshi DK, Barboza-Corona JE. Agave: a natural renewable resource with multiple applications. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:5324-5333. [PMID: 32535922 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Agaves are a group of succulent plants that thrive in arid or semiarid environments. Indeed, genes associated with their resilience are a potential resource for genetic engineering of other agronomically important crops grown in adverse climates. Agave is mainly used for the production of distilled (spirits) and non-distilled alcoholic beverages, including tequila, mezcal, bacanora, raicilla, and pulque, all of which have special connections to Mexican history and culture, and contribute to the Mexican economy. In recent years, there has been growing interest to maximize the use of agave plant materials for other purposes, as the bulk of their biomass pre- and post-production is wasted. In traditional practice, during the passage from fields to factories, only agave cores are used, and the leaves and bagasse are not always harnessed. To place this in perspective, during the period from 2010 to 2019, 2674.7 × 106 L of tequila was produced in Mexico, which required 9 607 400 tons of agave cores. This generated approximately the same amount of leaves and 3 842 960 tons of bagasse. The economic base of agave plants can be expanded if expended biomass could be transformed into products that are useful for applications in food, forage, ensilage, agriculture, medicine, energy, environment, textiles, cosmetics, and esthetics. This review focuses on the current utility of agave plants, as well as our perspective for future studies and uses of this formidable plant. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma de Lourdes Pérez-Zavala
- Universidad Iberoamericana Campus León, León, Mexico
- Universidad de Guanajuato Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, División de Ciencias de la Vida, Departamento de Agronomía, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Dennis K Bideshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, California Baptist University, Riverside, CA, USA
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - José E Barboza-Corona
- Universidad de Guanajuato Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, División de Ciencias de la Vida, Posgrado en Biociencias, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
- Universidad de Guanajuato Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, División de Ciencias de la Vida, Departamento de Agronomía, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Fernandez MV, Bengardino M, Jagus RJ, Agüero MV. Enrichment and preservation of a vegetable smoothie with an antioxidant and antimicrobial extract obtained from beet by-products. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Morales-Hernández JA, Singh AK, Villanueva-Rodriguez SJ, Castro-Camus E. Hydration shells of carbohydrate polymers studied by calorimetry and terahertz spectroscopy. Food Chem 2019; 291:94-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Huang X, Xiao M, Xi J, He C, Zheng J, Chen H, Gao J, Zhang S, Wu W, Liang Y, Xie L, Yi K. De Novo Transcriptome Assembly of Agave H11648 by Illumina Sequencing and Identification of Cellulose Synthase Genes in Agave Species. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020103. [PMID: 30704153 PMCID: PMC6409920 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Agave plants are important crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants with multiple agricultural uses, such as being used in tequila and fiber production. Agave hybrid H11648 ((A. amaniensis Trel. and Nowell × A. angustifolia Haw.) × A. amaniensis) is the main cultivated Agave species for fiber production in large tropical areas around the world. In this study, we conducted a transcriptome analysis of A. H11648. About 49.25 million clean reads were obtained by Illumina paired-end sequencing. De novo assembly produced 148,046 unigenes with more than 40% annotated in public databases, or matched homologs in model plants. More homologous gene pairs were found in Asparagus genome than in Arabidopsis or rice, which indicated a close evolutionary relationship between Asparagus and A. H11648. CAM-related gene families were also characterized as previously reported in A. americana. We further identified 12 cellulose synthase genes (CesA) in Asparagus genome and 38 CesA sequences from A. H11648, A. americana, A. deserti and A. tequilana. The full-length CesA genes were used as references for the cloning and assembly of their homologs in other Agave species. As a result, we obtained CesA1/3/4/5/7 genes with full-length coding region in the four Agave species. Phylogenetic and expression analysis revealed a conserved evolutionary pattern, which could not explain the distinct fiber traits in different Agave species. We inferred that transcriptional regulation might be responsible for Agave fiber development. This study represents the transcriptome of A. H11648, which would expand the number of Agave genes and benefit relevant studies of Agave fiber development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Mei Xiao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jingen Xi
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Chunping He
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Jinlong Zheng
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Helong Chen
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Jianming Gao
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Weihuai Wu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Yanqiong Liang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Li Xie
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
| | - Kexian Yi
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
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López-Romero JC, Ayala-Zavala JF, Peña-Ramos EA, Hernández J, González-Ríos H. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Agave angustifolia extract on overall quality and shelf life of pork patties stored under refrigeration. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:4413-4423. [PMID: 30333637 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3351-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Agave plants contain different bioactive compounds that are related to different biological activities; however, the application of Agave as a food additive has rarely been evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Agave angustifolia extract (AAE) on pork patties stored at 4 °C during 10 days. According to the spectrophotometric analysis, AAE contained phenolic compounds and saponins. In addition, AAE exhibited antioxidant activity based on DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays (94.2, 239.1 and 148.8 µmol ET/g, respectively). Likewise, AAE showed bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis (60 mg/mL) and Escherichia coli (60 mg/mL). AAE demonstrated a protective effect against oxidative processes (TBARS and metmyoglobin) in patties compared to the control group. Mesophilic and psychotropic counts showed that AAE exhibited a weak antimicrobial effect. AAE showed a protective effect on redness and lightness (at 3 and 10 days of storage, respectively). Sensory evaluation found that AAE had no effect on the analyzed parameters. AAE exhibited antioxidant activity that preserve quality and extended the shelf life of pork patties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Etna Aida Peña-Ramos
- 1Research Center for Food and Development, (CIAD, A.C.), 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora Mexico
| | - Javier Hernández
- 2Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, 575, Xalapa, Veracruz Mexico
| | - Humberto González-Ríos
- 1Research Center for Food and Development, (CIAD, A.C.), 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora Mexico
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