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Cha HG, Hur J, Pak CJ, Hong JP, Suh HP. Effect of a portable light emitting diode device on wound healing in a rat model. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14335. [PMID: 37822047 PMCID: PMC10824621 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-emitting diode (LED) lights produce a variety of wavelengths that have demonstrable efficacy in therapeutic and aesthetic fields. However, a repetitive treatment regimen is required to produce treatment outcomes, which has created a need for portable LED devices. In this study, we aimed to develop a portable therapeutic LED device and investigate its healing effect on excisional wounds in a rat model. The 35 × 35 mm-sized LED device was used on a total of 30 rats with full-thickness wounds that were divided into two groups depending on radiation intensity (11.1 and 22.2 mW/cm2 group). LED irradiation was performed every 24 h for 30 min, over 14 days, in direct contact with the wound. Percentage wound closure was measured by photographic quantification and was assessed histologically using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's Trichrome staining, and immunohistochemistry for Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD31. Percentage wound closure was significantly higher in 22.2 mW/cm2 irradiated wounds than that in the control wounds on days 7 and 10. The area of collagen deposition was remarkably larger in 22.2 mW/cm2 irradiated wounds than that in the control, with more horizontally organized fibres. CD31 immunostaining confirmed a significant increase in the number of microvessels in 22.2 mW/cm2 irradiated wounds than that in the control wounds, although there was no difference in VEGF immunostaining. Our novel portable LED device accelerates wound healing in a rat model, raising the possibility that portable LED devices can combine convenience with accessibility to play an innovative role in wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gyu Cha
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon HospitalSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineBucheonSouth Korea
| | - Joon Hur
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Changsik John Pak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Joon Pio Hong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Hyunsuk Peter Suh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
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2
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Wu CX, Li CH, Shiao YH, Cheng HY, Wu TH, Lee CH, Chang ZY, Yeh YC. The effect of a helmet type, home-use low-level light therapy device for chemotherapy-induced alopecia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2023; 24:789. [PMID: 38053197 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07823-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alopecia is one of the most common adverse effects of chemotherapy. It reduces the patient's self-esteem and quality of life and the effect of therapy. Scalp cooling is the only verified current method for prevention but success is not guaranteed, particularly after receiving anthracycline-based combinations. Low-level light therapy has been clinically proven to inhibit the progress of androgenic alopecia. A previous study using human subjects shows limited benefits for low-level light therapy for patients who suffer chemotherapy-induced alopecia but an increase in the number of probes and the optimization of light sources may improve the efficacy. This study determines the efficacy of low-level light therapy for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced hair loss for patients with breast cancer using a randomized controlled trial. METHODS One hundred six eligible breast cancer patients were randomly distributed into a low-level light therapy group and a control group, after receiving chemotherapy. Subjects in the low-level light therapy group received 12 courses of intervention within 4 weeks. Subjects in the control group received no intervention but were closely monitored. The primary outcome is measured as the difference in the hair count in a target area between the baseline and at the end of week 4, as measured using a phototrichogram (Sentra scalp analyzer). The secondary outcomes include the change in hair count at the end of week 1, week 2, and week 3 and hair width at the end of week 1, week 2, week 3, and week 4, as measured using a phototrichogram, and the change in distress, the quality of life, and self-esteem due to chemotherapy-induced alopecia, at the end of week 4, as measured using a questionnaire. DISCUSSION This study improves cancer patients' quality of life and provides clinical evidence. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov- NCT05397457 on 1 June 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Xian Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Medical Center, Keelung, 204201, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Medical Center, Keelung, 204201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Shiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Medical Center, Keelung, 204201, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333323, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Yu Cheng
- The Institute of Health Policy and Management, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 20401, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33320, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hui Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Medical Center, Keelung, 204201, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Yu Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Medical Center, Keelung, 204201, Taiwan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Medical Center, Keelung, 204201, Taiwan.
- Program in Molecular Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.
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3
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Leanse LG, Marasini S, dos Anjos C, Dai T. Antimicrobial Resistance: Is There a 'Light' at the End of the Tunnel? Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1437. [PMID: 37760734 PMCID: PMC10525303 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the increases in microorganisms that express a multitude of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms, the threat of antimicrobial resistance in the global population has reached critical levels. The introduction of the COVID-19 pandemic has further contributed to the influx of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), which has placed significant pressure on healthcare systems. For over a century, the potential for light-based approaches targeted at combatting both cancer and infectious diseases has been proposed. They offer effective killing of microbial pathogens, regardless of AMR status, and have not typically been associated with high propensities of resistance development. To that end, the goal of this review is to describe the different mechanisms that drive AMR, including intrinsic, phenotypic, and acquired resistance mechanisms. Additionally, the different light-based approaches, including antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), antimicrobial blue light (aBL), and ultraviolet (UV) light, will be discussed as potential alternatives or adjunct therapies with conventional antimicrobials. Lastly, we will evaluate the feasibility and requirements associated with integration of light-based approaches into the clinical pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G. Leanse
- Health and Sports Sciences Hub, University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (C.d.A.); (T.D.)
| | - Sanjay Marasini
- New Zealand National Eye Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Carolina dos Anjos
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (C.d.A.); (T.D.)
| | - Tianhong Dai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (C.d.A.); (T.D.)
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4
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Zhou N, Huang Z, Xu Z, Yin Y, He Y, Huang L, Dai L, Li X, Fu S, Huang H. Enhanced hair growth effects through low-level vortex beams radiation: An experimental animal study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202200103. [PMID: 36054290 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a non-invasive and pain-less treatment for hair loss. Researches on PBMT rarely considered the impact of different light structures. In this study, we irradiated shaven rats with both 650 nm, m = 32 vortex beams and ordinary Gaussian beams. The laser treatment was performed at 24-hour intervals for 20 days. The energy density was set to 4.25 J/cm2 . The results indicated that low-level vortex beam irradiation led to better stimulation of hair growth than the Gaussian beams, which might be related to deeper penetration. The underlying biological mechanisms are discussed in terms of the activation of Wnt/β-catenin/sonic hedgehog pathway. Our results suggest that low-level vortex beam irradiation is advantageous to the treatment of hair loss because it is technically feasible, convenient and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziling Huang
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yancong He
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Linmao Dai
- Shenzhen LUBON Technology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Shenzhen LUBON Technology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Siqi Fu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huihui Huang
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
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5
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da Cruz Tobelem D, Silva T, Araujo T, Andreo L, Malavazzi TCDS, Horliana ACRT, Fernandes KPS, Bussadori SK, Mesquita-Ferrari RA. Effects of photobiomodulation in experimental spinal cord injury models: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202200059. [PMID: 35484784 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review investigated the repercussions of photobiomodulation using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) in experimental models. Studies were identified from relevant databases published between January 2009 and December 2021. Nineteen original articles were selected and 68.4% used light at an infrared wavelength. There was a considerable variation of the power used (from 25 to 200 mW), total application time (8-3000 s) and total energy (0.3-450 J). In 79% of the studies, irradiation was initiated immediately after or within 2 h of the SCI, and treatment time ranged continuously from 5 to 21 days. In conclusion, LLLT can be an auxiliary therapy in the treatment of SCI, playing a neuroprotective role, enabling functional recovery, increasing the concentration of nerve connections around the injury site and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, there is a need for standardization in the dosimetric parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daysi da Cruz Tobelem
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamiris Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamires Araujo
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Andreo
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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6
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Young NC, Maximiano V, Arany PR. Thermodynamic basis for comparative photobiomodulation dosing with multiple wavelengths to direct odontoblast differentiation. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100398. [PMID: 35170211 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple wavelength devices are now available for photobiomodulation (PBM) treatments, but their dosimetry for individual or combinatorial use remains unclear. The present work investigated the effects of 447, 532, 658, 810, 980 and 1064 nm wavelengths on odontoblast differentiation at 10 mW/cm2 using either equal treatment time for conventional fluence (300 seconds for 3 J/cm2 ) or varying times to adjust for individual wavelength photon fluence (4.6 p.J/cm2 ). Both 447 and 810 nm significantly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, while 1064 nm showed reduced ALP activity at 3 J/cm2 . However, ALP induction was significantly improved when equivalent photon fluence dosing was used. Other wavelengths did not show significant changes compared to untreated controls. The data suggest that accounting for wavelength-specific photon energy transfer during PBM dosing could improve clinical safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Young
- University at Buffalo, Oral Biology, Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Vinicius Maximiano
- University at Buffalo, Oral Biology, Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Praveen R Arany
- University at Buffalo, Oral Biology, Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Buffalo, New York, USA
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7
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Buzinari TC, de Moraes TF, Conceição-Filho JC, Cárnio EC, Almeida-Lopes L, Salgado HC, Rodrigues GJ. Nitric oxide storage levels modulate vasodilation and the hypotensive effect induced by photobiomodulation using an aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) diode laser (660 nm). Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2753-2762. [PMID: 35391589 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the participation of nitric oxide (NO) in the hypotensive and vasorelaxation effect induced by PBM using an aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) diode laser (660 nm). Male Wistar rats were treated with the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (L-NAME). A red laser (660 nm; 63 J/cm2; 56 s/point) was applied to the abdominal region at six different points. Thoracic aorta was dissected for vascular reactivity study, and a laser (660 nm; 96 J/cm2; 56 s) was applied after incubation with the NO donor DETA-NO, PBS, or hydroxicobalamin. Endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with DETA-NO or CuSO4, and then, PBM (63 J/cm2) was applied, and the nitric oxide was detected. Hypertensive L-NAME rats did not exhibit a decrease in blood pressure after PBM. PBM promoted vasodilation in the aorta isolated from normotensive rats, and less effect in the aorta of L-NAME rats and the addition of the NO donor, DETA-NO, promoted greater vasodilation by PBM in the aorta of L-NAME rats. In endothelial cells, an increase in NO, after PBM, was detected; however, with the addition of CuSO4, which catalyzes the decomposition of NO storage, there was no detection of NO after PBM. The results of this study demonstrate that the hypotensive and vasodilatory effect of PBM with a red laser at 660 nm is modulated by the release of nitric oxide from the storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Cristina Buzinari
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Francisco de Moraes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Conceição-Filho
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Evelin Capellari Cárnio
- Department of Nursing, General and Specialized, Nursing School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Almeida-Lopes
- Research and Education Center for Phototherapy in Health Sciences - NUPEN, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Helio Cesar Salgado
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Gerson Jhonatan Rodrigues
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
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8
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Yoon J, Park JH, Choi JW, Kim YC. Optimal Fluence and Duration of Low-Level Laser Therapy for Efficient Wound Healing in Mice. Ann Dermatol 2021; 33:318-323. [PMID: 34341632 PMCID: PMC8273318 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2021.33.4.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low-level laser (light) therapy is a promising technology that stimulates healing, relieves pain and inflammation, and restores function in injured body parts. However, few studies have compared the effects of light-emitting diodes of different fluence levels or different treatment durations. Objective Here, we investigated the effects of various fluence levels and treatment durations on wound closure in mice. Methods Full-thickness wounds were created on the dorsal skin using an 8-mm diameter punch, and the wounds were irradiated at 1, 4, or 40 J/cm2 for 5 consecutive days starting on day 1. To determine the optimal irradiation duration, wounds were irradiated at the most potent fluence of previous study for 5, 10, or 15 days. Photographic documentation, skin biopsies, and wound measurements were performed to compare the effects of different treatment parameters. Results The most effective fluence level was 40 J/cm2 at day 5, as determined by monitoring wound closure. There were no statistically significant differences in wound healing with different durations. Conclusion We have shown that repeated exposure to low levels of light significantly stimulates wound healing in mice and demonstrated more efficient wound closure with certain fluences of 830 nm irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Office of Biostatistics, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jee-Woong Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - You Chan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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9
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Webb DR, Churchill SR, Hill GD, McGee CA, Shi M, King-Herbert AP, Blankenship-Paris TL. Effects of Buprenorphine, Chlorhexidine, and Low-level Laser Therapy on Wound Healing in Mice. Comp Med 2021; 71:191-202. [PMID: 33863402 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-20-000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Systemic buprenorphine and topical antiseptics such as chlorhexidine are frequently used in research animals to aid in pain control and to reduce infection, respectively. These therapeutics are controversial, especially when used in wound healing studies, due to conflicting data suggesting that they delay wound healing. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used to aid in wound healing without exerting the systemic effects of therapies such as buprenorphine. We conducted 2 studies to investigate the effects of these common treatment modalities on the rate of wound healing in mice. The first study used models of punch biopsy and dermal abrasion to assess whether buprenorphine HCl or 0.12% chlorhexidine delayed wound healing. The second study investigated the effects of sustained-released buprenorphine, 0.05% chlorhexidine, and LLLT on excisional wound healing. The rate of wound healing was assessed by obtaining photographs on days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 9 for the punch biopsy model in study 1, days 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, and 13 for the dermal abrasion model in study 1, and days 0, 3, 6, and 10 for the mice in study 2. Image J software was used to analyze the photographed wounds to determine the wound area. When comparing the wound area on the above days to the original wound area, no significant differences in healing were observed for any of the treatment groups at any time period for either study. Given the results of these studies, we believe that systemic buprenorphine, topical chlorhexidine, and LLLT can be used without impairing or delaying wound healing in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna R Webb
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Comparative & Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, National Toxicology Program, Durham, North Carolina;,
| | | | - Georgette D Hill
- Integrated Laboratory Systems, LLC., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Christopher A McGee
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Clinical Research Branch, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Min Shi
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Biostatistics & Computational Biology Branch, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Angela P King-Herbert
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Comparative & Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, National Toxicology Program, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Terry L Blankenship-Paris
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Comparative Medicine Branch, Durham, North Carolina
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10
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Effect of Near-Infrared Pulsed Light on the Human Brain Using Electroencephalography. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6693916. [PMID: 33747113 PMCID: PMC7954620 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6693916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study, the low-level laser (LLL) stimulation at the palm with a stimulation frequency of 10 Hz was able to induce significant brain activation in normal subjects. The electroencephalography (EEG) changes caused by the stimulation of light-emitting diode (LED) in normal subjects have not been investigated. This study aimed at identifying the effects of LED stimulation on the human brain using EEG analysis. Moreover, the dosage has been raised 4 times than that in the previous LLL study. The LED array stimulator (6 pcs LEDs, central wavelength 850 nm, output power 30 mW, and operating frequency 10 Hz) was used as the stimulation source. The LED stimulation was found to induce significant variation in alpha activity in the occipital, parietal, and temporal regions of the brain. Compared to the previous low-level laser study, LED has similar effects on EEG in alpha (8–12 Hz) activity. Theta (4–7 Hz) power significantly increased in the posterior head region of the brain. The effect lasted for at least 15 minutes after stimulation ceased. Conversely, beta (13–35 Hz) intensity in the right parietal area increased significantly, and a biphasic dose response has been observed in this study.
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11
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Torres AE, Lim HW. Photobiomodulation for the management of hair loss. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2020; 37:91-98. [PMID: 33377535 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation, otherwise known as low-level laser (or light) therapy, is an emerging modality for the management of hair loss. Several randomized trials have demonstrated that it is safe and potentially effective on its own or in combination with standard therapies. These devices come in many forms including wearable caps or helmets that afford hands-free and discreet use. Models with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are less expensive compared to laser-based devices and do not require laser safety considerations, thus facilitating ease of home use. Limitations include cost of the unit, risk of information bias, and lack of standardized protocols. Finally, as with any hair loss treatment, patients' expectations with regards to therapeutic outcomes must be managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeli Eloise Torres
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Henry W Lim
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
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12
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Robijns J, Lodewijckx J, Bensadoun RJ, Mebis J. A Narrative Review on the Use of Photobiomodulation Therapy for the Prevention and Management of Acute Radiodermatitis: Proposed Mechanisms, Current Clinical Outcomes, and Preliminary Guidance for Clinical Studies. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:332-339. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Robijns
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Limburg Clinical Research Center, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Joy Lodewijckx
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Limburg Clinical Research Center, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Jeroen Mebis
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Limburg Clinical Research Center, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Limburg Oncology Center, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
- Division of Medical Oncology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
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13
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de Castro JR, da Silva Pereira F, Chen L, Arana-Chavez VE, Ballester RY, DiPietro LA, Simões A. Improvement of full-thickness rat skin wounds by photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT): A dosimetric study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2020; 206:111850. [PMID: 32203726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Basic dosimetric studies are necessary to support the use of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), since the great variety of laser parameters that are reported in the literature have created an obstacle to identifying reproducible results. Thus, the present study evaluates the process of tissue repair after the photobiomodulation therapy, taking into consideration the dose, frequency and the mode of energy delivery used. For this, 6 mm diameter wounds were created on dorsal skin of Wistar rats, and the animals were divided in control and irradiated groups, where L1 and L4 (irradiated with 1 point of 10 J/cm2), L2 and L5 (5 points of 10 J/cm2), L3 and L6 (1 point of 50 J/cm2), respectively for one or multiple days of irradiations. A diode laser, λ 660 nm, 40 mW of power and 0.028 cm2 of spot area was used. Our data showed that the group receiving multiple treatments over the first week post wounding, applied at 10 J/cm2 at each of 5 points on and around the wound (group L5) presented the best improvement of wound closure, higher cytokeratin 10, lower macrophage infiltration, and greater tissue resistance to rupture. We conclude that PBMT improves the skin wound healing process, and the outcomes were directly related to the chosen laser parameters and irradiation mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Rodrigues de Castro
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Filipi da Silva Pereira
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Lin Chen
- Center for Wound Healing & Tissue Regeneration, Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Victor Elias Arana-Chavez
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Yagüe Ballester
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Luisa A DiPietro
- Center for Wound Healing & Tissue Regeneration, Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Alyne Simões
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
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Merigo E, Rocca JP, Pinheiro ALB, Fornaini C. Photobiomodulation Therapy in Oral Medicine: A Guide for the Practitioner with Focus on New Possible Protocols. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:669-680. [PMID: 31589560 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is the term to define the wide range of laser applications using low-energy densities and based on photochemical mechanisms where the energy is transferred to the intracellular mitochondrial chromophores and respiratory chain components. In literature, a great number of works are reported showing the advantages of PBM use in many oral diseases such as recurrent aphthous stomatitis, herpes infections, mucositis, and burning mouth syndrome. Different factors may explain the increasing reported use of PBM in oral medicine: the absence of side effects, the possibility of safely treating compromised patients such as oncologic patients, the possibility of a noninvasive approach not associated with pain or discomfort, and the possibility of performing short sessions. The review's aim is to describe the possible applications of PBM in oral medicine, giving practitioners simple guide for practice together with the information of a new treatment possibility "at home" performed by the patient himself under supervision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Merigo
- Micoralis Research Laboratory EA 7354, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Dentistry, Special Needs and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Hospital Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Jean-Paul Rocca
- Micoralis Research Laboratory EA 7354, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | | | - Carlo Fornaini
- Micoralis Research Laboratory EA 7354, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Dentistry, Special Needs and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Hospital Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy.,GAEM, Group of Applied ElectroMagnetics, Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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15
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Takemoto MM, Garcez AS, Sperandio M. High energy density LED-based photobiomodulation inhibits squamous cell carcinoma progression in co-cultures in vitro. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 199:111592. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Wound Photobiomodulation Treatment Outcomes in Animal Models. J Vet Med 2019; 2019:6320515. [PMID: 31467931 PMCID: PMC6699315 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6320515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibilities that photobiomodulation has brought on to the medical field are ever expanding and the scope it has reached is infinite. Determining how this relatively new treatment technique can be incorporated into the veterinary medical field is of interest to many medical professionals. In this review, we examine the treatment outcomes of low-level-laser therapy (LLLT) in different animal models to pinpoint any similarities between the studies. A search was conducted to identify LLLT studies using different animal models with an open or closed wound. The studies were compared to identify the laser parameters that resulted in positive treatment outcomes. The overall result of the studies examined indicated that daily laser exposure at a wavelength of a 600 or 800 nm range was the most beneficial across the rodent studies regardless of health status or wound type. More studies on rabbit, canine, and equine models are needed to explain the inconsistent results reviewed and find the correct treatment parameters for these species. Further research involving LLLT studies that focus on different factors including health status, treatment interval, wavelength, and energy density is needed to help validate our knowledge about the efficacy of using photobiomodulation in the veterinary medical field.
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17
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Robijns J, Lodewijckx J, Mebis J. Photobiomodulation therapy for acute radiodermatitis. Curr Opin Oncol 2019; 31:291-298. [DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Svobodova B, Kloudova A, Ruzicka J, Kajtmanova L, Navratil L, Sedlacek R, Suchy T, Jhanwar-Uniyal M, Jendelova P, Machova Urdzikova L. The effect of 808 nm and 905 nm wavelength light on recovery after spinal cord injury. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7660. [PMID: 31113985 PMCID: PMC6529518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of a Multiwave Locked System laser (with a simultaneous 808 nm continuous emission and 905 nm pulse emission) on the spinal cord after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. The functional recovery was measured by locomotor tests (BBB, Beam walking, MotoRater) and a sensitivity test (Plantar test). The locomotor tests showed a significant improvement of the locomotor functions of the rats after laser treatment from the first week following lesioning, compared to the controls. The laser treatment significantly diminished thermal hyperalgesia after SCI as measured by the Plantar test. The atrophy of the soleus muscle was reduced in the laser treated rats. The histopathological investigation showed a positive effect of the laser therapy on white and gray matter sparing. Our data suggests an upregulation of M2 macrophages in laser treated animals by the increasing number of double labeled CD68+/CD206+ cells in the cranial and central parts of the lesion, compared to the control animals. A shift in microglial/macrophage polarization was confirmed by gene expression analysis by significant mRNA downregulation of Cd86 (marker of inflammatory M1), and non-significant upregulation of Arg1 (marker of M2). These results demonstrated that the combination of 808 nm and 905 nm wavelength light is a promising non-invasive therapy for improving functional recovery and tissue sparing after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Svobodova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Kloudova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Ruzicka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Leos Navratil
- Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Sedlacek
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Department of Mechanics, Biomechanics and Mechatronics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Suchy
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Department of Mechanics, Biomechanics and Mechatronics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Pavla Jendelova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic. .,2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucia Machova Urdzikova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic. .,2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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George S, Hamblin MR, Abrahamse H. Effect of red light and near infrared laser on the generation of reactive oxygen species in primary dermal fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 188:60-68. [PMID: 30216761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation with red light or near-infrared (NIR) lasers can bio-modulate cellular processes or revitalize injured tissues and therefore, widely been used for therapeutic interventions. Mechanistically, this cellular or biological process, referred as Photobiomodulation (PBM), is achieved by the generation of oxide free radicals in cells and tissues. This explorative study using red light (636 nm) and Near Infra-Red (NIR, 825 nm) laser at various irradiation exposures reckons the level of oxidative stress induced by these free radicals in human primary fibroblasts. Freshly isolated dermal fibroblasts were irradiated with red light and NIR at power densities of 74 and 104 mV/cm2, respectively and, at varying fluences ranging from 5 to 25 J/cm2. Cellular oxidative stress, measured by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) upon quantifying fluorescently labelled oxide free radicals in cells, detected considerable variations between the irradiation exposures of red light and NIR laser. The NIR laser demonstrated high levels of ROS at all fluences, except 10 J/cm2 indicating its ability in generating of two types of oxide radicals in dermal fibroblasts, often illustrated as biphasic response. Further, the responses of these cells to variable fluences of red light and NIR laser were measured to evaluate the immediate effect of PBM on cellular activity. The production of cellular energy coincides with the amount of oxidative stress, which was two-fold higher in cells irradiated with the NIR laser, as compared with the red light. This outcome indicates that the ROS production within biological systems are more dependent on the wavelength of the laser rather than its fluences. Further studies are required to avoid 'overdosing of PBM' and to analyse ROS qualitatively for making the best use of the red light and NIR laser in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajan George
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Centre for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
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Ang Khaw CM, Dalci O, Foley M, Petocz P, Darendeliler MA, Papadopoulou AK. Physical properties of root cementum: Part 27. Effect of low-level laser therapy on the repair of orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption: A double-blind, split-mouth, randomized controlled clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2018; 154:326-336. [PMID: 30173835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this 2-arm-parallel split-mouth trial was to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the repair of orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR). METHODS Twenty patients were included in this study, with 1 side randomly assigned to receive LLLT, and the other side served as a sham. Eligibility criteria included need for bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions as part of fixed appliance treatment. OIIRR was generated by applying 150 g of buccal tipping force on the maxillary first premolars for 4 weeks. After the active force was removed, the teeth were retained for 6 weeks. LLLT commenced with weekly laser applications using a continuous beam 660-nm, 75-mW aluminum-gallium-indium-phosphorus laser with 1/e2 spot size of 0.260 cm2, power density of 0.245 W/cm2, and fluence of 3.6 J/cm2. Contact application was used at 8 points buccally and palatally above the mucosa over each tooth root for 15 seconds with a total treatment time of 2 minutes. After 6 weeks, the maxillary first premolars were extracted and scanned with microcomputed tomography for primary outcome OIIRR calculations. Subgroup analysis included assessment per root surface, per vertical third, and sites of heaviest compressive forces (buccal-cervical and palato-apical). Randomization was generated using www.randomization.com, and allocation was concealed in sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes. Blinding was used for treatment and outcome assessments. Two-tailed paired t tests were used to determine whether there were any statistically significant differences in total crater volumes of the laser vs the sham treated teeth. RESULTS Total crater volumes were 0.746 mm3 for the laser treated teeth and 0.779 mm3 for the sham. There was a mean difference of 0.033 ± 0.39 mm3 (95% CI, -0.21 to 0.148 mm3) greater resorption crater volume in the sham group compared with the laser group; this was not statistically significant (P = 0.705). No harm was observed. CONCLUSIONS No significant difference was found between LLLT and sham control groups in OIIRR repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun M Ang Khaw
- Discipline of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney; Department of Orthodontics, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Oyku Dalci
- Discipline of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney; Department of Orthodontics, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew Foley
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Petocz
- Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Ali Darendeliler
- Discipline of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney; Department of Orthodontics, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexandra K Papadopoulou
- Discipline of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney; Department of Orthodontics, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a treatment method based on research findings showing that irradiation with certain wavelengths of red or near-infrared light has been shown to produce a range of physiological effects in cells, tissues, animals and humans. Scientific research into PBM was initially started in the late 1960s by utilizing the newly invented (1960) lasers, and the therapy rapidly became known as "low-level laser therapy". It was mainly used for wound healing and reduction of pain and inflammation. Despite other light sources being available during the first 40 years of PBM research, lasers remained by far the most commonly employed device, and in fact, some authors insisted that lasers were essential to the therapeutic benefit. Collimated, coherent, highly monochromatic beams with the possibility of high power densities were considered preferable. However in recent years, non-coherent light sources such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and broad-band lamps have become common. Advantages of LEDs include no laser safety considerations, ease of home use, ability to irradiate a large area of tissue at once, possibility of wearable devices, and much lower cost per mW. LED photobiomodulation is here to stay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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22
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Heiskanen V, Hamblin MR. Photobiomodulation: lasers vs. light emitting diodes? Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:1003-1017. [PMID: 30044464 PMCID: PMC6091542 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp90049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a treatment method based on research findings showing that irradiation with certain wavelengths of red or near-infrared light has been shown to produce a range of physiological effects in cells, tissues, animals and humans. Scientific research into PBM was initially started in the late 1960s by utilizing the newly invented (1960) lasers, and the therapy rapidly became known as "low-level laser therapy". It was mainly used for wound healing and reduction of pain and inflammation. Despite other light sources being available during the first 40 years of PBM research, lasers remained by far the most commonly employed device, and in fact, some authors insisted that lasers were essential to the therapeutic benefit. Collimated, coherent, highly monochromatic beams with the possibility of high power densities were considered preferable. However in recent years, non-coherent light sources such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and broad-band lamps have become common. Advantages of LEDs include no laser safety considerations, ease of home use, ability to irradiate a large area of tissue at once, possibility of wearable devices, and much lower cost per mW. LED photobiomodulation is here to stay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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23
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Vasconcellos PKFM, Nóia MP, De Castro ICV, dos Santos JN, Pinheiro ALB, Marques AMC, Ramos EAG, Rocha CG. Influence of laser therapy on the dynamic formation of extracellular matrix in standard second degree burns treated with bacterial cellulose membrane. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 182:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Mikami R, Mizutani K, Aoki A, Tamura Y, Aoki K, Izumi Y. Low-level ultrahigh-frequency and ultrashort-pulse blue laser irradiation enhances osteoblast extracellular calcification by upregulating proliferation and differentiation via transient receptor potential vanilloid 1. Lasers Surg Med 2017; 50:340-352. [PMID: 29214666 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) exerts various biostimulative effects, including promotion of wound healing and bone formation; however, few studies have examined biostimulation using blue lasers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low-level ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) and ultrashort-pulse (USP) blue laser irradiation on osteoblasts. STUDY DESIGN/ MATERIALS AND METHODS The MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cell line was used in this study. Following LLLI with a 405 nm newly developed UHF-USP blue laser (80 MHz, 100 fs), osteoblast proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were assessed. In addition, mRNA levels of the osteoblast differentiation markers, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Osx), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), and osteopontin (Opn) was evaluated, and extracellular calcification was quantified. To clarify the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in LLLI-induced biostimulation, cells were treated prior to LLLI with capsazepine (CPZ), a selective inhibitor of TRP vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), and subsequent proliferation and ALP activity were measured. RESULTS LLLI with the 405 nm UHF-USP blue laser significantly enhanced cell proliferation and ALP activity, compared with the non-irradiated control and LLLI using continuous-wave mode, without significant temperature elevation. LLLI promoted osteoblast proliferation in a dose-dependent manner up to 9.4 J/cm2 and significantly accelerated cell proliferation in in vitro wound healing assay. ALP activity was significantly enhanced at doses up to 5.6 J/cm2 , and expression of Osx and Alp mRNAs was significantly increased compared to that of the control on days 3 and 7 following LLLI at 5.6 J/cm2 . The extent of extracellular calcification was also significantly higher as a result of LLLI 3 weeks after the treatment. Measurement of TRPV1 protein expression on 0, 3, and 7 days post-irradiation revealed no differences between the LLLI and control groups; however, promotion of cell proliferation and ALP activity by LLLI was significantly inhibited by CPZ. CONCLUSION LLLI with a 405 nm UHF-USP blue laser enhances extracellular calcification of osteoblasts by upregulating proliferation and differentiation via TRPV1. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:340-352, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risako Mikami
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Tamura
- Department of Bio-Matrix (Pharmacology), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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25
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The effect of polarized light on the organization of collagen secreted by fibroblasts. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:539-547. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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26
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Moskvin SV. Only lasers can be used for low level laser therapy. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2017; 7:22. [PMID: 29130447 PMCID: PMC5682984 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2017070422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The question of lasers' exclusivity, as well as the degree of influence of special properties of low-intensity laser illumination (LILI), such as coherence, polarity and monochromaticity, on the effectiveness of low level laser therapy (LLLT) continues to cause arguments. The study analyzes publications from 1973 to 2016, in which laser and conventional light sources are compared, and the following conclusions are drawn. First, there are a lot of publications with incorrect comparison or unfounded statements. Secondly, other sources of light are often meant by LILI without any justification. Thirdly, all studies, in which the comparison is carried out correctly and close parameters of the impact and the model are used, have a firm conclusion that laser light is much more effective. Fourthly, it is uniquely identified that the most important parameter that determines the efficiency of lasers is monochromaticity, i.e., a much narrower spectral width than for all other light sources. Only laser light sources can be used for LLLT!
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27
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Yang L, Tucker D, Dong Y, Wu C, Lu Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Liu TCY, Zhang Q. Photobiomodulation therapy promotes neurogenesis by improving post-stroke local microenvironment and stimulating neuroprogenitor cells. Exp Neurol 2017; 299:86-96. [PMID: 29056360 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has indicated that photobiomodulation (PBM) may beneficially alter the pathological status of several neurological disorders, although the mechanism currently remains unclear. The current study was designed to investigate the beneficial effect of PBM on behavioral deficits and neurogenesis in a photothrombotic (PT) model of ischemic stroke in rats. From day 1 to day 7 after the establishment of PT model, 2-minute daily PBM (CW, 808nm, 350mW/cm2, total 294J at scalp level) was applied on the infarct injury area (1.8mm anterior to the bregma and 2.5mm lateral from the midline). Rats received intraperitoneal injections of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) twice daily (50mg/kg) from day 2 to 8 post-stoke, and samples were collected at day 14. We demonstrated that PBM significantly attenuated behavioral deficits and infarct volume induced by PT stroke. Further investigation displayed that PBM remarkably enhanced neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, as evidenced by immunostaining of BrdU, Ki67, DCX, MAP2, spinophilin, and synaptophysin. Mechanistic studies suggested beneficial effects of PBM were accompanied by robust suppression of reactive gliosis and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. On the contrary, the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines, cytochrome c oxidase activity and ATP production in peri-infarct regions were elevated following PBM treatment. Intriguingly, PBM could effectively switch an M1 microglial phenotype to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Our novel findings indicated that PBM is capable of promoting neurogenesis after ischemic stroke. The underlying mechanisms may rely on: 1) promotion of proliferation and differentiation of internal neuroprogenitor cells in the peri-infarct zone; 2) improvement of the neuronal microenvironment by altering inflammatory status and promoting mitochondrial function. These findings provide strong support for the promising therapeutic effect of PBM on neuronal repair following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luodan Yang
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Donovan Tucker
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujiao Lu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Effect of photobiomodulation therapy on reducing the chemo-induced oral mucositis severity and on salivary levels of CXCL8/interleukin 8, nitrite, and myeloperoxidase in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a randomized clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:1801-1810. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2263-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Park PJ, Cho JY, Cho EG. Specific visible radiation facilitates lipolysis in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes via rhodopsin-dependent β3-adrenergic signaling. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:301-311. [PMID: 28483278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of fat metabolism is important for maintaining functional and structural tissue homeostasis in biological systems. Reducing excessive lipids has been an important concern due to the concomitant health risks caused by metabolic disorders such as obesity, adiposity and dyslipidemia. A recent study revealed that unlike conventional care regimens (e.g., diet or medicine), low-energy visible radiation (VR) regulates lipid levels via autophagy-dependent hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) phosphorylation in differentiated human adipose-derived stem cells. To clarify the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, we first verified the photoreceptor and photoreceptor-dependent signal cascade in nonvisual 3T3-L1 adipocytes. For a better understanding of the concomitant phenomena that result from VR exposure, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were exposed to four different wavelengths of VR (410, 505, 590 and 660nm) in this study. The results confirmed that specific VR wavelengths, especially 505nm than 590nm, increase intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and decrease lipid droplets. Interestingly, the mRNA and protein levels of the Opn2 (rhodopsin) photoreceptor increased after VR exposure in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Subsequent treatment of mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes at a specific VR wavelength induced rhodopsin- and β3-adrenergic receptor (AR)-dependent lipolytic responses that consequently led to increases in intracellular cAMP and phosphorylated HSL protein levels. Our study indicates that photoreceptors are expressed and exert individual functions in nonvisual cells, such as adipocytes. We suggest that the VR-induced photoreceptor system could be a potential therapeutic target for the regulation of lipid homeostasis in a non-invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil June Park
- Bioscience Research Division, R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, 1920, Yonggu-daero Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17074, Republic of Korea; Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Gyung Cho
- Bioscience Research Division, R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, 1920, Yonggu-daero Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17074, Republic of Korea.
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Yadav A, Gupta A. Noninvasive red and near-infrared wavelength-induced photobiomodulation: promoting impaired cutaneous wound healing. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2017; 33:4-13. [PMID: 27943458 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The innumerable intricacies associated with chronic wounds have made the development of new painless, noninvasive, biophysical therapeutic interventions as the focus of current biomedical research. Red and near-infrared light-induced photobiomodulation therapy appears to emerge as a promising drug-free approach for promoting wound healing, reduction in inflammation, pain and restoration of function owing to penetration power in conjunction with their ability to positively modulate the biochemical and molecular responses. This review will describe the physical properties of red and near-infrared light and their interaction with skin and highlight their efficacy of wound repair and regeneration. Near-infrared (800-830 nm) was found to be the most effective and widely studied wavelength range followed by red (630-680 nm) and 904 nm superpulsed light exhibiting beneficial photobiomodulatory effects on impaired dermal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Yadav
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Asheesh Gupta
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO, Delhi, India
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Xuan W, Huang L, Hamblin MR. Repeated transcranial low-level laser therapy for traumatic brain injury in mice: biphasic dose response and long-term treatment outcome. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:1263-1272. [PMID: 26990361 PMCID: PMC5025344 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We previously showed that near-infrared laser photobiomodulation (PBM) (810 nm, CW, 18 J/cm2 , 25 mW/cm2 ) delivered to the mouse daily for 3-days after a controlled cortical impact traumatic brain injury (TBI) gave a significant improvement in neurological/cognitive function. However the same parameters delivered 14X daily gave significantly less benefit. This biphasic dose response intrigued us, and we decided to follow the mice that received 3X or 14X laser treatments out to 56-days post-TBI. We found the 14X group showed worse neurological function than the no-treatment TBI group at 2-weeks, but started to improve steadily during the next 6-weeks, and by 56-days were significantly better than the no-treatment TBI mice, but still worse than the 3X mice. A marker of activated glial cells (GFAP) was significantly increased in the brain regions (compared to both untreated TBI and 3X groups) at 4-weeks in the 14X group, but the GFAP had fallen to low levels in both 3X and 14X groups by 8-weeks. We conclude that an excessive number of laser-treatments delivered to mice can temporarily inhibit the process of brain repair stimulated by tPBM, but then the inhibitory effect ceases, and brain repair can resume. The mechanism may be temporary induction of reactive gliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Xuan
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ruikang Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liyi Huang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Engel KW, Khan I, Arany PR. Cell lineage responses to photobiomodulation therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:1148-1156. [PMID: 27392170 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has been noted to promote cell proliferation and growth in many different cell types shown both in vitro and in vivo. Currently, treatment regimens are used in the clinic for a variety of ailments, including wound healing. However, most protocols treat an anatomical site without considering individual cell types constituting the target tissues. This study investigates the maximal dose threshold for oral keratinocyte and fibroblast cell types treated with near-infrared laser therapy. We observed keratinocytes have increased sensitivity to laser irradiances (>0.047 W/cm2 , 300 sec, 14.2 J/cm2 ) compared to the fibroblast cells (>0.057 W/cm2 , 300 sec, 15.1 J/cm2 ) (p < 0.0001). Laser treatments were noted to generate increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in keratinocytes compared to fibroblasts that appeared to inversely correlate with higher basal catalase expression. To validate these observations, melatonin was used to treat keratinocytes to induce catalase activity (p < 0.0001). Increased melatonin-induced catalase levels were noted to significantly improve keratinocyte survival to phototoxic laser doses. These observations suggest that clinical laser dosing should account for differential effects of lasers on individual cell types to improve safety and clinical efficacy of PBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl W Engel
- Cell Regulation and Control Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Imran Khan
- Cell Regulation and Control Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Praveen R Arany
- Cell Regulation and Control Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
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Meng M, Yang M, Lv C, Yang Q, Yang Z, Chen S. Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Relapse of Rotated Teeth: A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Study. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 35:3-11. [PMID: 27564090 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.4069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used to reduce the relapse of orthodontically rotated teeth. However, controversial conclusions have been drawn by different authors. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of LLLT on relapse of corrected tooth rotations systematically by overall search of available studies and scientific assessment. METHODS A comprehensive electronic search was performed through PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, PRL, and WHO ICTRP up to November 2015 with no language limitation. This systematic review was carried out according to Cochrane Handbook and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Risk of bias assessment was undertaken according to Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Two review authors conducted the work of search, selection, and quality assessment independently in duplicate. RESULTS Out of 112 studies, two animal experiments and one human study were included. Degree and percentage of relapse of rotated teeth were compared between control and LLLT group. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of our systematic review, the effect of LLLT on relapse of corrected tooth rotations is related to energy density. Namely, low energy density seems to promote relapse, while high energy density might alleviate the relapse. Since available investigations are limited, more well-designed randomized controlled trials involving humans are needed to get more clinically significant conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Meng
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Min Yang
- 2 Department of Pharmacy, Mianyang Central Hospital , Mianyang, China
| | - Chunxiao Lv
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenjin Yang
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Song Chen
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
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Robijns J, Censabella S, Bulens P, Maes A, Mebis J. The use of low-level light therapy in supportive care for patients with breast cancer: review of the literature. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 32:229-242. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2056-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Photo-biomodulatory response of low-power laser irradiation on burn tissue repair in mice. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1741-1750. [PMID: 27495130 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work reports the photo-biomodulatory effect of red (632.8 nm) and near infrared (785 and 830 nm) lasers on burn injury in Swiss albino mice. Animals were induced with a 15-mm full thickness burn injury and irradiated with various fluences (1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 J/cm2) of each laser wavelength under study having a constant fluence rate (8.49 mW/cm2). The size of the injury following treatment was monitored by capturing the wound images at regular time intervals until complete healing. Morphometric assessment indicated that the group treated with 3-J/cm2 fluence of 830 nm had a profound effect on healing as compared to untreated controls and various fluences of other wavelengths under study. Histopathological assessment of wound repair on treatment with an optimum fluence (3 J/cm2) of 830 nm performed on days 2, 6, 12, and 18 post-wounding resulted in enhanced wound repair with migration of fibroblasts, deposition of collagen, and neovascularization as compared to untreated controls. The findings of the present study have clearly demonstrated that a single exposure of 3-J/cm2 fluence at 830-nm enhanced burn wound healing progression in mice, which is equivalent to 5 % povidone iodine treatment (reference standard), applied on a daily basis till complete healing.
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Suzuki R, Takakuda K. Wound healing efficacy of a 660-nm diode laser in a rat incisional wound model. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1683-1689. [PMID: 27495128 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the optimum usage parameters of low reactive-level laser therapy (LLLT) in a rat incisional wound model. In Sprague-Dawley rats, surgical wounds of 15-mm length were made in the dorsal thoracic region. They were divided into groups to receive 660-nm diode laser irradiation 24 h after surgery at an energy density of 0 (control), 1, 5, or 10 J/cm2. Tissue sections collected on postoperative day 3 were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and an antibody for ED1 to determine the number of macrophages around the wound. Samples collected on day 7 were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and observed via polarized light microscopy to measure the area occupied by collagen fibers around the wound; day 7 skin specimens were also subjected to mechanical testing to evaluate tensile strength. On postoperative day 3, the numbers of macrophages around the wound were significantly lower in the groups receiving 1 and 5 J/cm2 irradiation, compared to the control and 10 J/cm2 irradiation groups (p < 0.01). The area occupied by collagen fibers in day 7 was largest in 5 J/cm2 group, followed by 1 J/cm2 group, although this difference was not significant. The day 7 tensile test demonstrated significantly greater rupture strength in healing tissues from 1 and 5 J/cm2 irradiation groups, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Thus, LLLT with a 660-nm diode laser with energy density of 1 and 5 J/cm2 enhanced wound healing in a rat incisional wound model. However, a higher radiation energy density yielded no significant enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Suzuki
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takakuda
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
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Blay A, Blay CC, Tunchel S, Gehrke SA, Shibli JA, Groth EB, Zezell DM. Effects of a Low-Intensity Laser on Dental Implant Osseointegration: Removal Torque and Resonance Frequency Analysis in Rabbits. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2016; 42:316-20. [DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-15-00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate how a low-intensity laser affects the stability and reverse torque resistance of dental implants installed in the tibia of rabbits. Thirty rabbits received 60 dental implants with the same design and surface treatment, one in each proximal metaphysis of the tibia. Three groups were prepared (n = 10 animals each): conventional osseointegration without treatment (control group), surgical sites irradiated with a laser beam emitted in the visible range of 680 nm (Lg1 group), surgical sites irradiated with a laser beam with a wavelength in the infrared range of 830 nm (Lg2 group). Ten irradiation sessions were performed 48 hours apart; the first session was during the immediate postoperative period. Irradiation energy density was 4 J/cm2 per point in 2 points on each side of the tibias. The resonance frequency and removal torque values were measured at 2 time points after the implantations (3 and 6 weeks). Both laser groups (Lg1 and Lg2) presented a significant difference between resonance frequency analysis values at the baseline and the values obtained after 3 and 6 weeks (P > .05). Although the removal torque values of all groups increased after 6 weeks (P < .05), both laser groups presented greater mean values than those of the control group (P < .01). Photobiomodulation using laser irradiation with wavelengths of 680 and 830 nm had a better degree of bone integration than the control group after 6 weeks of observation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Blay
- Center for Lasers and Applications, Laboratory of Biophotonics Center, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia C Blay
- Center for Lasers and Applications, Laboratory of Biophotonics Center, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samy Tunchel
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, School of Dentistry, University of Santo Amaro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Alexandre Gehrke
- Biotecnos Research Center, Santa Maria, Brazil; Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B Groth
- Center for Lasers and Applications, Laboratory of Biophotonics Center, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise M Zezell
- Center for Lasers and Applications, Laboratory of Biophotonics Center, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
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Effect of low-level laser therapy on pain and perineal healing after episiotomy: A triple-blind randomized controlled trial. Lasers Surg Med 2016; 49:181-188. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Khan I, Arany PR. Dosimetry for photobiomodulation therapy: response to Sommers et al. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2016; 4:208. [PMID: 27294101 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.05.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- 1 Cell Regulation and Control Unit, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 2 Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
| | - Praveen R Arany
- 1 Cell Regulation and Control Unit, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 2 Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
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Medalha CC, Santos ALYS, Veronez SDO, Fernandes KR, Magri AMP, Renno ACM. Low level laser therapy accelerates bone healing in spinal cord injured rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 159:179-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Martins SS, Torres OJM, Santos OJD, Limeira Júnior FDA, Sauaia Filho EN, Melo SPDC, Santos RHP, Silva VB. Analysis of the healing process of the wounds occurring in rats using laser therapy in association with hydrocolloid. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 30:681-5. [PMID: 26560426 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150100000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate wound healing in rats by using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) associated with hydrocolloid occlusive dressing. METHODS Forty male, adult, Wistar rats were used, distributed into four groups: LG (received 2 J/cm² of laser therapy); HG (treated with hydrocolloid); LHG (treated with 2 J/cm² of laser therapy and hydrocolloid); and the CG (treated with 1 mL of 0.9% saline). The wound was evaluated at pre-determined periods 3rd and 7th days, considering the macroscopic and histological parameters (inflammatory cells, capillary neoformation, fibroblasts, collagen formation and reepithelialization). RESULTS The LG group at seven days showed increased collagen formation, the LHG group at 3 days showed mild collagen formation. The HG group and the CG at 7 days showed complete reepithelialization. CONCLUSION Low-level laser therapy as well as the hydrocolloid dressing have favored the wound-healing process in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Santos Martins
- Hospital Universitário de Presidente Dutra, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Sao Luis, MA, Brazil
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Gagnon D, Gibson TWG, Singh A, zur Linden AR, Kazienko JE, LaMarre J. An in vitro method to test the safety and efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the healing of a canine skin model. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:73. [PMID: 27056043 PMCID: PMC4825076 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used clinically as a treatment modality for a variety of medical conditions including wound-healing processes. It is an attractive and emerging method to enhance wound healing and improve clinical outcomes both in human and veterinary medicine. Despite the fact that the use of LLLT continues to gain in popularity, there is no universally accepted theory that defends all its cellular effects and beneficial biological processes in tissue repair. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of LLLT on cellular migration and proliferation of cultured canine epidermal keratinocytes (CPEK) in an in vitro wound healing model. Results Keratinocyte migration and proliferation were assessed using a scratch migration assay and a proliferation assay, respectively. Fifteen independent replicates were performed for each assay. Canine epidermal keratinocyte cells exposed to LLLT with 0.1, 0.2, and 1.2 J/cm2 migrated significantly more rapidly (p < 0.03) and showed significantly higher rates of proliferation (p < 0.0001) compared to non-irradiated cells cultured in the same medium and cells exposed to the higher energy dose of 10 J/cm2. Irradiation with 10 J/cm2 was characterized by decreased cellular migration and proliferation. These results revealed that LLLT has a measurable, dose-dependent effect on two different aspects of keratinocyte biology in vitro. Conclusion In this in vitro wound-healing model, LLLT increased cellular migration and proliferation at doses of 0.1, 0.2, and 1.2 J/cm2 while exposure to 10 J/cm2 decreased cellular migration and proliferation. These data suggest that the beneficial effects of LLLT in vivo may be due, in part, to effects on keratinocyte behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Gagnon
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2 W1, Canada.
| | - Thomas W G Gibson
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2 W1, Canada
| | - Ameet Singh
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2 W1, Canada
| | - Alex R zur Linden
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2 W1, Canada
| | - Jaimie E Kazienko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2 W1, Canada
| | - Jonathan LaMarre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2 W1, Canada
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Wagner VP, Curra M, Webber LP, Nör C, Matte U, Meurer L, Martins MD. Photobiomodulation regulates cytokine release and new blood vessel formation during oral wound healing in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:665-71. [PMID: 26868031 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on cytokine levels and angiogenesis during oral wound healing. Ulcers were made on the dorsum of the tongue in 48 Wistar rats. Irradiation with an indium-gallium-aluminum-phosphide (InGaAlP) laser (660 nm; output power, 40 mW; spot size, 0.04 cm(2)) was performed once a day on two points of the ulcer for 14 days. Two different energy densities were used: 4 J/cm(2) (energy per point 0.16 J, total energy 0.32 J) and 20 J/cm(2) (energy per point 0.8 J, total energy 1.6 J). Tissue levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Image analysis of CD31-immunostained sections was used to investigate microvessel density (MVD). PBM increased the tissue levels of IL-1β at the early stage of oral wound healing (p < 0.01) and increased the tissue levels of TNF-α during all stages of oral wound healing (p < 0.05). PBM at a dose of 4 J/cm(2) produced more significant results regarding cytokine modulation and was associated with higher MVD at day 5. Collectively, these findings indicate that cytokine modulation and increased angiogenesis are among the basic mechanisms whereby PBM improves oral wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Curra
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liana Preto Webber
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nör
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luise Meurer
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Sommer AP, Mester AR, Trelles MA. Tuning the mitochondrial rotary motor with light. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2016; 3:346. [PMID: 26807401 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.12.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Skin surface temperature has been proposed as an in vivo clinical biomarker for monitoring the detrimental effect of biostimulatory laser applications. In some cases, such as wound healing and cosmetic applications, the target of the irradiation is the skin surface. In other cases, the light has to reach deeper tissues, for instance, during the irradiation of internal body organs. Prerequisite for reproducible biostimulatory effects is that the light intensity surpasses a minimum threshold. Because of the loss of light intensity caused by absorption and scattering, targeting deeper tissues always implies that the intensity at the skin surface will be much higher than that at the target site. Derived from laboratory experiments which showed that virtually the same light which produces biostimulatory effects in cells in vitro and tissues in vivo is instrumental in reducing the viscous friction in nanoconfined systems, we arrive to a new understanding of the effect of biostimulatory levels of light on mitochondria. One immediate result is insight into strategies which promise to maximize the biostimulatory effect and minimize potential phototoxic effects during treatment of deeper tissues. Such optimization strategies are also promising for experimental and therapeutic in vitro applications, in particular in combination with cell-friendly microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei P Sommer
- 1 Institute for Micro and Nanomaterials, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany ; 2 National Laser Therapy Centre, Peterfy Sandor Teaching Hospital, Budapest, Hungary ; 3 Instituto Medico Vilafortuny, Cambrils, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Adam R Mester
- 1 Institute for Micro and Nanomaterials, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany ; 2 National Laser Therapy Centre, Peterfy Sandor Teaching Hospital, Budapest, Hungary ; 3 Instituto Medico Vilafortuny, Cambrils, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mario A Trelles
- 1 Institute for Micro and Nanomaterials, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany ; 2 National Laser Therapy Centre, Peterfy Sandor Teaching Hospital, Budapest, Hungary ; 3 Instituto Medico Vilafortuny, Cambrils, Tarragona, Spain
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Tabakoglu HO, Sani MM, Uba AI, Abdullahi UA. Assessment of circular wound healing in rats after exposure to 808-nm laser pulses during specific healing phases. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 48:409-15. [PMID: 26718309 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), is an important application modality for the advancement of wound healing processes. In this study, histological and morphometric analyses have been made to understand and compare effects of high-power 808-nm pulses on circular skin wounds among groups irradiated immediately after wounding and groups irradiated at specific stages of the healing period. STUDY DESIGN Experimental groups were as follows: Laser Therapy (LT) was received as three sessions of laser irradiation (6.38 J/cm2, 1.276 W/cm2, 808 nm) immediately after wounding (Inflammatory group, n = 12), 24 hours post-wounding (Proliferative group, n = 12), and 72 hours post-wounding (Remodeling group, n = 12); the Control group (n = 12) received no irradiation. Histological analyses were performed on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days post-wounding. RESULTS Mean wound diameters were 5 mm for all groups. On Day 7, wound diameters were measured as 2.99 ± 0.17, 2.95 ± 0.3, 2.52 ± 0.11, and 2.41 ± 0.34 mm for the Control, Inflammatory, Proliferative, and Remodeling groups, respectively. At 2 weeks post-wounding, dermal tissue in the Inflammatory and Proliferative groups closed superficially, while 1.30 ± 0.1 mm and 1.30 ± 0.06 mm openings remained in the Control and Remodeling groups, respectively. Mean wound healing rates (WHR) for all treatment groups were found to differ significantly from the control group (P < 0.05). Upon comparing the Proliferative group with the other treatment groups, a significant difference was found. However, no significant difference was found between the Inflammatory and Remodeling groups, with the former having a slightly higher mean value. CONCLUSION Histological and morphometric results showed that high-power, low-energy application has the best effect when first applied 24 hours post-wounding (late inflammatory, early proliferative stage) as demonstrated by increases in granulation tissue, fibroblasts and collagen deposition, which lead to faster rates of wound contraction and thus accelerated healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasim O Tabakoglu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Fatih University, Istanbul, 34500, Turkey
| | - Musbahu M Sani
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Fatih University, Istanbul, 34500, Turkey
| | - Abdullahi I Uba
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Fatih University, Istanbul, 34500, Turkey
| | - Umar A Abdullahi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Fatih University, Istanbul, 34500, Turkey
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Frykberg RG, Banks J. Challenges in the Treatment of Chronic Wounds. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015; 4:560-582. [PMID: 26339534 PMCID: PMC4528992 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2015.0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1220] [Impact Index Per Article: 135.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Chronic wounds include, but are not limited, to diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, and pressure ulcers. They are a challenge to wound care professionals and consume a great deal of healthcare resources around the globe. This review discusses the pathophysiology of complex chronic wounds and the means and modalities currently available to achieve healing in such patients. Recent Advances: Although often difficult to treat, an understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and specific attention toward managing these perturbations can often lead to successful healing. Critical Issues: Overcoming the factors that contribute to delayed healing are key components of a comprehensive approach to wound care and present the primary challenges to the treatment of chronic wounds. When wounds fail to achieve sufficient healing after 4 weeks of standard care, reassessment of underlying pathology and consideration of the need for advanced therapeutic agents should be undertaken. However, selection of an appropriate therapy is often not evidence based. Future Directions: Basic tenets of care need to be routinely followed, and a systematic evaluation of patients and their wounds will also facilitate appropriate care. Underlying pathologies, which result in the failure of these wounds to heal, differ among various types of chronic wounds. A better understanding of the differences between various types of chronic wounds at the molecular and cellular levels should improve our treatment approaches, leading to better healing rates, and facilitate the development of new more effective therapies. More evidence for the efficacy of current and future advanced wound therapies is required for their appropriate use.
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Calisto FCFDS, Calisto SLDS, Souza APD, França CM, Ferreira APDL, Moreira MB. Use of low-power laser to assist the healing of traumatic wounds in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:204-8. [PMID: 25790009 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150030000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the morphological aspects of the healing of traumatic wounds in rats using low-power laser. METHODS Twenty four non isogenic, young adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing between 200 and 300 g was used. The animals were randomly distributed into two groups: Control (GC) and Laser (GL), with 12 animals each. After shaving, anesthesia was performed in the dorsal region and then a surgical procedure using a scalpel was carried out to make the traumatic wound. GL received five sessions of laser therapy in consecutive days using the following laser parameters: wavelength 660 nm, power 100 mW, dose 10 J/cm2. The wounds were evaluated through measurement of the area and depth of the wound (MW) and histological analysis (HA). RESULTS When comparing the GC with the GL in MW there was a difference in area (p<0.001) and depth (p=0.003) measurement of the wounds in GL. The laser group presented more epithelization than GC (p=0.03). The other histological parameters were similar. CONCLUSION The healing of wounds in rats was improved with the use of the laser.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Márcia Bento Moreira
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNIVASF, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
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Havlucu U, Bölükbaşı N, Yeniyol S, Çetin Ş, Özdemir T. Effects of Light-Emitting Diode Photobiomodulation Therapy and BioOss as Single and Combined Treatment in an Experimental Model of Bone Defect Healing in Rats. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2015; 41:e110-7. [DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-13-00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study assesses histopathologically and histomorphometrically the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation therapy (LPT) on bone healing in BioOss-filled femoral defects of rats. It has been reported that LPT modulates cellular metabolic processes, leading to an enhanced regenerative potential for biological tissues. Thirty-six male Wistar rats with femoral bone defects were divided into 4 groups: defect group (empty bone defect, without application of LPT), graft group (bone defect filled with BioOss, without application of LPT), (defect+LPT) group (empty bone defect, with application of LPT), and (graft+LPT) group (bone defect filled with BioOss, with application of LPT). An OsseoPulse LED device (wavelength: 618 nm; output power: 20 mW/cm2) was initiated 24 hours postsurgery and performed every 24 hours for 7, 14, and 21 days. The LPT-applied and BioOss-filled defects presented a higher amount of new bone formation with trabeculae formation. These defects showed statistically significant lower values of inflammation severity, and fewer remnants of biomaterial were present. Within the limitations of this study, LPT has positive effects on bone healing histopathologically and histomorphometrically for the defects filled with BioOss 3 weeks after the rats' femora injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Havlucu
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Implantology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Bölükbaşı
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Implantology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Yeniyol
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Implantology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şule Çetin
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Özdemir
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Implantology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Silva LC, Sacono NT, Freire MDCM, Costa LR, Batista AC, Silva GBL. The Impact of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Oral Mucositis and Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Using the Oral Health Impact Profile and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplantation Questionnaires. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 33:357-63. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nancy Tomoko Sacono
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Rezende Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Aline Carvalho Batista
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Geisa Badauy Lauria Silva
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Araújo Jorge Hospital, Associação de Combate ao Câncer de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Khan I, Tang E, Arany P. Molecular pathway of near-infrared laser phototoxicity involves ATF-4 orchestrated ER stress. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10581. [PMID: 26030745 PMCID: PMC4450753 DOI: 10.1038/srep10581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High power lasers are used extensively in medicine while lower power applications are popular for optical imaging, optogenetics, skin rejuvenation and a therapeutic modality termed photobiomodulation (PBM). This study addresses the therapeutic dose limits, biological safety and molecular pathway of near-infrared (NIR) laser phototoxicity. Increased erythema and tissue damage were noted in mice skin and cytotoxicity in cell cultures at phototoxic laser doses involving generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) coupled with a rise in surface temperature (>45 °C). NIR laser phototoxicity results from Activating Transcription Factor-4 (ATF-4) mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. Neutralizations of heat or ROS and overexpressing ATF-4 were noted to rescue NIR laser phototoxicity. Further, NIR laser mediated phototoxicity was noted to be non-genotoxic and non-mutagenic. This study outlines the mechanism of NIR laser phototoxicity and the utility of monitoring surface temperature and ATF4 expression as potential biomarkers to develop safe and effective clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Cell Regulation and Control Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD
| | - Elieza Tang
- Cell Regulation and Control Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD
| | - Praveen Arany
- Cell Regulation and Control Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD
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