1
|
Wang Y, Su Y, Wang J, Zhang K, Zhang W, Cui J, Liu Y, Wang X, Bai W. Networks of Nerve Fibers, and Blood and Lymphatic Vessels in the Mouse Auricle: The Structural Basis of Ear Acupuncture. Med Acupunct 2024; 36:79-86. [PMID: 38659726 PMCID: PMC11036157 DOI: 10.1089/acu.2023.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Ear acupuncture, as a system for treating and preventing diseases through stimulation of points on the auricle, has been systematically introduced during the last 60 years. Although the auricular cartography was described somatotopically as an inverted fetus by Paul Nogier, MD, the underlying mechanism of auricular stimulation remains unclear. The aim of this research was to gain an understanding of the structural basis of auricular stimulation, as well as showing the distribution of the nerve fibers, and the blood and lymphatic vessels. Materials and Methods The distribution of nerve fibers, and blood and lymphatic vessels was examined in whole-mount auricular skins of mice by combining the biomarkers protein gene product 9.5, cluster of differentiation 31, and lymphatic-vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 following tissue-clearing treatment with multiple immunofluorescent staining. Results The labeled nerve fibers, and the blood and lymphatic vessels were distributed extensively in the inner and outer parts of the auricular skin. Auricular nerves aligning with blood vessels ran from the basal region to the peripheral region and crossed over lymphatic vessels, thus forming the neural, vascular, and lymphatic networks. Conclusions As these are important tissue components of auricular skin, this result implies that the auricular nerve fibers, and blood and lymphatic vessels may coordinate with each other to respond directly to auricular stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Su
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiwen Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yihan Liu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanzhu Bai
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qureshi MM, Allam N, Peters T, Demidov V, Vitkin A. Detection and differentiation of semi-transparent materials simulating biological structures using optical coherence tomography: a phantom study. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:100501. [PMID: 36221173 PMCID: PMC9553520 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.10.100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Lymphatic and peripheral nervous system imaging is of prime importance for monitoring various important pathologic processes including cancer development and metastasis, and response to therapy. AIM Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising approach for this imaging task but is challenged by the near-transparent nature of these structures. Our aim is to detect and differentiate semi-transparent materials using OCT texture analysis, toward label-free neurography and lymphography. APPROACH We have recently demonstrated an innovative OCT texture analysis-based approach that used speckle statistics to image lymphatics and nerves in-vivo that does not rely on negative contrast. However, these two near-transparent structures could not be easily differentiated from each other in the texture analysis parameter space. Here, we perform a rigorous follow-up study to improve upon this differentiation in controlled phantoms mimicking the optical properties of these tissues. RESULTS The results of the three-parameter Rayleigh distribution fit to the OCT images of six types of tissue-mimicking materials varying in transparency and biophysical properties demonstrate clear differences between them, suggesting routes for improved lymphatics-nerves differentiation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a novel OCT texture analysis-based lymphatics-nerves differentiation methodology in tissue-simulating phantoms. Future work will focus on longitudinal in-vivo lymphangiography and neurography in response to cancer therapeutics toward adaptive personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin Qureshi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nader Allam
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taylor Peters
- University of Toronto, Division of Engineering Science, Ontario, Canada
| | - Valentin Demidov
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Alex Vitkin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Radiation Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lai PY, Shih TY, Chang YH, Chou YS, Wu TH, Su YY, Chang CH, Kuo WC. In Vivo Longitudinal Tracking of Lymphangiogenesis and Angiogenesis in Cutaneous Melanoma Mouse Model Using Multifunctional Optical Coherence Tomography. JID INNOVATIONS 2021; 1:100010. [PMID: 34909714 PMCID: PMC8659800 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2021.100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a high-risk skin cancer because it tends to metastasize early and ultimately leads to death. In this study, we introduced a noninvasive multifunctional optical coherence tomography (MFOCT) for the early detection of premetastatic pathogenesis in cutaneous melanoma by label-free imaging of microstructures (i.e., providing the thickness and the scattering information) and microcirculation (i.e., providing depth-resolved angiography and lymphangiography). Using MFOCT-based approaches, we presented an in vivo longitudinal observation of the tumor microenvironment in BrafV600E/V600E;Pten−/− mice with inducible melanoma monitored for 42 days. Quantitative analysis of MFOCT images identified an increased number of lymphatic and vascular vessels during tumor progression and faster lymphangiogenesis (beginning on day 21) than angiogenesis (beginning on day 28) in the melanoma microenvironment. We further observed lymphatic vessel enlargement from the first week of melanoma development, implying tumor cells interacting with the vessels and increased likelihood of metastasis. MFOCT identified cutaneous melanoma‒associated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis before the possible visual perception of the tumor (≥42 days) and before metastasis could be diagnosed using micropositron emission tomography (35 days). Thus, the proposed quantitative analysis using MFOCT has the potential for early detection of cutaneous melanoma progression or prediction of metastatic melanoma in a mouse model. However, retrospective and extensive experiments still need to be performed in the future to confirm the value of MFOCT in clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Lai
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yu Shih
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Huan Chang
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Shuan Chou
- Skin Institute, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hua Wu
- Skin Institute, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ya Su
- Skin Institute, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Chang
- Skin Institute, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuan Kuo
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yin D, Hao J, Jin R, Yi Y, Bodduluri SR, Hua Y, Anand A, Deng Y, Haribabu B, Egilmez NK, Sauter ER, Li B. Epidermal Fatty Acid Binding Protein Mediates Depilatory-Induced Acute Skin Inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1824-1834.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
5
|
Lai PY, Chang CH, Su HR, Kuo WC. Lymphatic vessel segmentation in optical coherence tomography by adding U-Net-based CNN for artifact minimization. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:2679-2693. [PMID: 32499952 PMCID: PMC7249833 DOI: 10.1364/boe.389373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The lymphatic system branches throughout the body to transport bodily fluid and plays a key immune-response role. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technique for the noninvasive and label-free imaging of lymphatic capillaries utilizing low scattering features of the lymph fluid. Here, the proposed lymphatic segmentation method combines U-Net-based CNN, a Hessian vesselness filter, and a modified intensity-thresholding to search the nearby pixels based on the binarized Hessian mask. Compared to previous approaches, the method can extract shapes more precisely, and the segmented result contains minimal artifacts, achieves the dice coefficient of 0.83, precision of 0.859, and recall of 0.803.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Lai
- Department of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Sec-2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Chang
- Skin Institute, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ren Su
- Super Genius AItek Co., Ltd, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuan Kuo
- Department of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Sec-2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang ECE, Higgins CA. Immune cell regulation of the hair cycle. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:322-333. [PMID: 31903650 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the mammalian hair cycle will lead to novel therapies and strategies to combat all forms of alopecia. Thus, in addition to the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the hair follicle, niche and microenvironmental signals that accompany the phases of growth, regression and rest need to be scrutinized. Immune cells are well described in skin homeostasis and wound healing and have recently been shown to play an important role in the mammalian hair cycle. In this review, we will summarize our current knowledge of the role of immune cells in hair cycle control and discuss their relevance to human hair cycling disorders. Increased attention to this aspect of the hair cycle will provide new avenues to manipulate hair regeneration in humans and provide better insight into developing better ex vivo models of hair growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne C E Wang
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), National Skin Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claire A Higgins
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
VCAM-1 Density and Tumor Perfusion Predict T-cell Infiltration and Treatment Response in Preclinical Models. Neoplasia 2019; 21:1036-1050. [PMID: 31521051 PMCID: PMC6744528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies have demonstrated durable responses in a range of different cancers. However, only a subset of patients responds to these therapies. We set out to test if non-invasive imaging of tumor perfusion and vascular inflammation may be able to explain differences in T-cell infiltration in pre-clinical tumor models, relevant for treatment outcomes. Tumor perfusion and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) density were quantified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and correlated with infiltration of adoptively transferred and endogenous T-cells. MRI biomarkers were evaluated for their ability to detect tumor rejection 3 days after T-cell transfer. Baseline levels of these markers were used to assess their ability to predict PD-L1 treatment response. We found correlations between MRI-derived VCAM-1 density and infiltration of endogenous or adoptively transferred T-cells in some preclinical tumor models. Blocking T-cell binding to endothelial cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1/ICAM) prevented T-cell mediated tumor rejection. Tumor rejection could be detected 3 days after adoptive T-cell transfer prior to tumor volume changes by monitoring the extracellular extravascular volume fraction. Imaging tumor perfusion and VCAM-1 density before treatment initiation was able to predict the response of MC38 tumors to PD-L1 blockade. These results indicate that MRI based assessment of tumor perfusion and VCAM-1 density can inform about the permissibility of the tumor vasculature for T-cell infiltration which may explain some of the observed variance in treatment response for cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
|
8
|
Blatter C, Meijer EF, Padera TP, Vakoc BJ. Simultaneous measurements of lymphatic vessel contraction, flow and valve dynamics in multiple lymphangions using optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700017. [PMID: 28700145 PMCID: PMC5766440 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic dysfunction is involved in many diseases including lymphedema, hypertension, autoimmune responses, graft rejection, atherosclerosis, microbial infections, cancer and cancer metastasis. Expanding our knowledge of lymphatic system function can lead to a better understanding of these disease processes and improve treatment options. Here, optical coherence tomography (OCT) methods were used to reveal intraluminal valve dynamics in 3 dimensions, and measure lymph flow and vessel contraction simultaneously in 3 neighboring lymphangions of the afferent collecting lymphatic vessels to the popliteal lymph node in mice. Flow measurements were based on Doppler OCT techniques in combination with exogenous lymph labeling by Intralipid. Through these imaging methods, it is possible to study lymphatic function and pumping more comprehensively. These capabilities can lead to a better understanding of the regulation and dysregulation of lymphatic vessels in health and disease. The image depicts the dynamic measurements of lymphatic valves, lymphatic vessels cross-sectional area and lymph velocity simultaneously measured in vivo with optical coherence tomography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Blatter
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Eelco F.J. Meijer
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Timothy P. Padera
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Vakoc
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park KS, Choi WJ, Song S, Xu J, Wang RK. Multifunctional in vivo imaging for monitoring wound healing using swept-source polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. Lasers Surg Med 2017; 50:213-221. [PMID: 29193202 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Wound healing involves a complex and dynamic biological process in response to tissue injury. Monitoring of the cascade of cellular events is useful for wound management and treatment. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the potential of multifunctional polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) to longitudinally monitor the self-healing process in a murine cutaneous wound model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A multi-functional PS-OCT system based on swept source OCT configuration (1,310 nm central wavelength) was designed to obtain simultaneously microstructural, blood perfusion, and birefringent information of a biological tissue in vivo. A 1-mm-diameter wound was generated in a mouse pinna with a complete biopsy punch. Afterwards, the self-healing process of the injured tissue was observed every week over 6-week period using the multifunctional system to measure changes in the tissue birefringence. Further OCT angiography (OCTA) was used in post data processing to obtain blood perfusion information over the injured tissue. RESULTS Three complementary images indicating the changes in anatomical, vascular, and birefringent information of tissue around wound were simultaneously provided from a 3-dimensional (3-D) PS-OCT data set during the wound repair over 1 month. Specifically, inflammatory and proliferative phases of wound healing were characterized by thickened epidermal tissue (from OCT images) and angiogenesis (from OCT angiography images) around wound. Also, it was observed that the regenerating tissues had highly realigned birefringent structures (from PS-OCT images). CONCLUSION This preliminary study suggests that the proposed multi-functional imaging modality has a great potential to improve the understanding of wound healing through non-invasive, serial monitoring of vascular and tissue responses to injury. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:213-221, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwan S Park
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Woo June Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Shaozhen Song
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Jingjiang Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Ruikang K Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Si P, Sen D, Dutta R, Yousefi S, Dalal R, Winetraub Y, Liba O, de la Zerda A. In Vivo Molecular Optical Coherence Tomography of Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial Hyaluronan Receptors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1086. [PMID: 28439123 PMCID: PMC5430649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging of living subjects offers increased depth of penetration while maintaining high spatial resolution when compared to other optical microscopy techniques. However, since most protein biomarkers do not exhibit inherent contrast detectable by OCT, exogenous contrast agents must be employed for imaging specific cellular biomarkers of interest. While a number of OCT contrast agents have been previously studied, demonstrations of molecular targeting with such agents in live animals have been historically challenging and notably limited in success. Here we demonstrate for the first time that microbeads (µBs) can be used as contrast agents to target cellular biomarkers in lymphatic vessels and can be detected by OCT using a phase variance algorithm. This molecular OCT method enables in vivo imaging of the expression profiles of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1), a biomarker that plays crucial roles in inflammation and tumor metastasis. In vivo OCT imaging of LVYE-1 showed that the biomarker was significantly down-regulated during inflammation induced by acute contact hypersensitivity (CHS). Our work demonstrated a powerful molecular imaging tool that can be used for high resolution studies of lymphatic function and dynamics in models of inflammation, tumor development, and other lymphatic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Si
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, 299 Campus Drive West, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Debasish Sen
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, 299 Campus Drive West, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Rebecca Dutta
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, 299 Campus Drive West, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Siavash Yousefi
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 875 Blake Wilbur Drive, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Roopa Dalal
- Department of Ophthalmology, 2452 Watson Ct, Stanford, California, 94303, USA
| | - Yonatan Winetraub
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, 299 Campus Drive West, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
- Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Orly Liba
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, 299 Campus Drive West, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, 350 Serra Mall, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
- Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Adam de la Zerda
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California, 94305, USA.
- Department of Structural Biology, 299 Campus Drive West, Stanford, California, 94305, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, 350 Serra Mall, Stanford, California, 94305, USA.
- Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li Y, Choi WJ, Qin W, Baran U, Habenicht LM, Wang RK. Optical coherence tomography based microangiography provides an ability to longitudinally image arteriogenesis in vivo. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 274:164-171. [PMID: 27751893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arteriogenesis describes the active growth of the pre-existing collateral arterioles, which is a crucial tissue-saving process in occlusive vascular diseases. NEW METHOD We propose to use optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based microangiography (OMAG) to monitor arteriogenesis following artery transection in mouse ear and focal stroke in mouse brain. RESULTS Our longitudinal mouse ear study shows that the growth phase of arteriogenesis, indicated by changes in collateral vessel diameter and velocity, occurs between 12 and 24h after vessel transection. Additionally, the magnitude of local inflammation is consistent with the time course of arteriogenesis, judging by the tissue thickness measurement and lymphatic vessel signals in OCT. In the mouse brain study, collateral vessel morphology, blood flow velocity and directionality are identified, and an activation of the collateral flow at the arteriolo-arteriolar anastomoses (AAA) is observed during stroke. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS In comparison with histology and fluorescence imaging, OCT/OMAG is completely non-invasive and capable of producing consistent results of longitudinal changes in collateral vessel morphology and vasodynamics. CONCLUSION OCT/OMAG is a promising imaging tool for longitudinal study of collateral vessel remodeling in small animals. This technique can be applied in guiding the in vivo experiments of arteriogenesis stimulation to treat occlusive vascular diseases, including stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuandong Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Woo June Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wan Qin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Utku Baran
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lauren M Habenicht
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ruikang K Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Qin W, Roberts MA, Qi X, Murry CE, Zheng Y, Wang RK. Depth-resolved 3D visualization of coronary microvasculature with optical microangiography. Phys Med Biol 2016; 61:7536-7550. [PMID: 27716639 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/21/7536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we propose a novel implementation of optical coherence tomography-based angiography combined with ex vivo perfusion of fixed hearts to visualize coronary microvascular structure and function. The extracorporeal perfusion of Intralipid solution allows depth-resolved angiographic imaging, control of perfusion pressure, and high-resolution optical microangiography. The imaging technique offers new opportunities for microcirculation research in the heart, which has been challenging due to motion artifacts and the lack of independent control of pressure and flow. With the ability to precisely quantify structural and functional features, this imaging platform has broad potential for the study of the pathophysiology of microvasculature in the heart as well as other organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Qin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qin W, Li Y, Wang J, Qi X, Wang RK. In Vivo Monitoring of Microcirculation in Burn Healing Process with Optical Microangiography. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2016; 5:332-337. [PMID: 27602252 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2015.0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Optical microangiography (OMAG)-based optical coherence tomography is a noninvasive technique capable of imaging functional microvasculature innervating scanned tissue volume. In this study, we utilize OMAG to investigate dynamic changes of microcirculation during the healing process of a burn. Approach: A soft-contact superficial burn injury was induced on a mouse ear with 1 μL 70°C hot water. Microangiograms were generated by using OMAG before and after the burn. Results: Vessel recruitment and remodeling were observed in the healing process. Burn injury reached to the worst extent within the first 24 h and had no expansion thereafter. The interrupted microcirculation in the mouse ear was progressively recovered in the consequent postburn days and completely healed on postburn day 7. Innovation: OMAG provides a novel way for noninvasive visualization and quantification of vasculature changes over time after burn injuries. The high resolution achieved by the imaging system reveals microvascular details down to capillary level. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that OMAG has great potential to improve the understanding of microcirculatory responses to burns and thus benefit the development of effective therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Qin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yuandong Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jingang Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Xiaoli Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ruikang K. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Choi WJ, Qin W, Chen CL, Wang J, Zhang Q, Yang X, Gao BZ, Wang RK. Characterizing relationship between optical microangiography signals and capillary flow using microfluidic channels. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:2709-28. [PMID: 27446700 PMCID: PMC4948624 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.002709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Optical microangiography (OMAG) is a powerful optical angio-graphic tool to visualize micro-vascular flow in vivo. Despite numerous demonstrations for the past several years of the qualitative relationship between OMAG and flow, no convincing quantitative relationship has been proven. In this paper, we attempt to quantitatively correlate the OMAG signal with flow. Specifically, we develop a simplified analytical model of the complex OMAG, suggesting that the OMAG signal is a product of the number of particles in an imaging voxel and the decorrelation of OCT (optical coherence tomography) signal, determined by flow velocity, inter-frame time interval, and wavelength of the light source. Numerical simulation with the proposed model reveals that if the OCT amplitudes are correlated, the OMAG signal is related to a total number of particles across the imaging voxel cross-section per unit time (flux); otherwise it would be saturated but its strength is proportional to the number of particles in the imaging voxel (concentration). The relationship is validated using microfluidic flow phantoms with various preset flow metrics. This work suggests OMAG is a promising quantitative tool for the assessment of vascular flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo June Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Wan Qin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Chieh-Li Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jingang Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Bioengineering and COMSET, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Bruce Z. Gao
- Department of Bioengineering and COMSET, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ruikang K. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qin W, Wang RK. Assessment of edema volume in skin upon injury in a mouse ear model with optical coherence tomography. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1351-61. [PMID: 27282161 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Accurate measurement of edema volume is essential for the investigation of tissue response and recovery following a traumatic injury. The measurements must be noninvasive and repetitive over time so as to monitor tissue response throughout the healing process. Such techniques are particularly necessary for the evaluation of therapeutics that are currently in development to suppress or prevent edema formation. In this study, we propose to use optical coherence tomography (OCT) technique to image and quantify edema in a mouse ear model where the injury is induced by a superficial-thickness burn. Extraction of edema volume is achieved by an attenuation compensation algorithm performed on the three-dimensional OCT images, followed by two segmentation procedures. In addition to edema volume, the segmentation method also enables accurate thickness mapping of edematous tissue, which is an important characteristic of the external symptoms of edema. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method for noninvasively measuring absolute edema volume.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Qin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Ruikang K Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. .,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
OCT-based label-free in vivo lymphangiography within human skin and areola. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21122. [PMID: 26892830 PMCID: PMC4759696 DOI: 10.1038/srep21122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the limitations of current imaging techniques, visualization of lymphatic capillaries within tissue in vivo has been challenging. Here, we present a label-free high resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) based lymphangiography (OLAG) within human skin in vivo. OLAG enables rapid (~seconds) mapping of lymphatic networks, along with blood vessel networks, over 8 mm x 8 mm of human skin and 5 mm x 5 mm of human areola. Moreover, lymphatic system’s response to inflammation within human skin is monitored throughout an acne lesion development over 7 days. The demonstrated results promise OLAG as a revolutionary tool in the clinical research and treatment of patients with pathologic conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
|