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Rodriguez-Rivera GJ, Green M, Shah V, Leyendecker K, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. A user's guide to degradation testing of polyethylene glycol-based hydrogels: From in vitro to in vivo studies. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1200-1212. [PMID: 37715481 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels have gained significant attention in the field of biomedical applications due to their versatility and antifouling properties. Acrylate-derivatized PEG hydrogels (PEGDA) are some of the most widely studied hydrogels; however, there has been debate around the degradation mechanism and predicting resorption rates. Several factors influence the degradation rate of PEG hydrogels, including backbone and endgroup chemistry, macromer molecular weight, and polymer concentration. In addition to hydrogel parameters, it is necessary to understand the influence of biological and environmental conditions (e.g., pH and temperature) on hydrogel degradation. Rigorous methods for monitoring degradation in both in vitro and in vivo settings are also critical to hydrogel design and development. Herein, we provide guidance on tailoring PEG hydrogel chemistry to achieve target hydrolytic degradation kinetics for both resorbable and biostable applications. A detailed overview of accelerated testing methods and hydrogel degradation characterization is provided to aid researchers in experimental design and interpreting in vitro-in vivo correlations necessary for predicting hydrogel device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mykel Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Vani Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Kathleen Leyendecker
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
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2
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Yuan Q, Yin J, Li L, Bao B, Zhang X, Li M, Tang Y. Conjugated Polymer Composite Nanoparticles Augmenting Photosynthesis-Based Light-Triggered Hydrogel Promotes Chronic Wound Healing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304048. [PMID: 38030563 PMCID: PMC10797435 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic chronic wounds are characterized by local hypoxia, impaired angiogenesis, and bacterial infection. In situ, self-supply of dissolved oxygen combined with the elimination of bacteria is urgent and challenging for chronic nonhealing wound treatment. Herein, an oxygen-generating system named HA-L-NB/PFE@cp involving biological photosynthetic chloroplasts (cp)/conjugated polymer composite nanoparticles (PFE-1-NPs@cp) and light-triggered hyaluronic acid-based (HA-L-NB) hydrogel for promoting diabetic wound healing is introduced. Briefly, conjugated polymer nanoparticles (PFE-1-NPs) possess unique light harvesting ability, which accelerates the electron transport rates in photosystem II (PS II) by energy transfer, elevating photosynthesis beyond natural chloroplasts. The enhanced release of oxygen can greatly relieve hypoxia, promote cell migration, and favor antibacterial photodynamic therapy. Additionally, the injectable hydrogel precursors are employed as a carrier to deliver PFE-1-NPs@cp into the wound. Under light irradiation, they quickly form a gel by S-nitrosylation coupling reaction and in situ anchor on tissues through amine-aldehyde condensation. Both in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrate that the oxygen-generating system can simultaneously relieve wound hypoxia, eliminate bacteria, and promote cell migration, leading to the acceleration of wound healing. This study provides a facile approach to develop an enhanced oxygen self-sufficient system for promoting hypoxic tissue, especially diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Jia Yin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Benkai Bao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Yanli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
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Demeter M, Negrescu AM, Calina I, Scarisoreanu A, Albu Kaya M, Micutz M, Dumitru M, Cimpean A. Synthesis, Physicochemical Characteristics, and Biocompatibility of Multi-Component Collagen-Based Hydrogels Developed by E-Beam Irradiation. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:454. [PMID: 37754868 PMCID: PMC10532005 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, three different recipes of multi-component hydrogels were synthesized by e-beam irradiation. These hydrogels were obtained from aqueous polymer mixtures in which different proportions of bovine collagen gel, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), chitosan, and poly(ethylene oxide) were used. The cross-linking reaction was carried out exclusively by e-beam cross-linking at 25 kGy, a dose of irradiation sufficient both to complete the cross-linking reaction and effective for hydrogel sterilization. The hydrogels developed in this study were tested in terms of physical and chemical stability, mechanical, structural, morphological, and biological properties. They are transparent, maintain their structure, are non-adhesive when handling, and most importantly, especially from the application point of view, have an elastic structure. Likewise, these hydrogels possessed different swelling degrees and expressed rheological behavior characteristic of soft solids with permanent macromolecular network. Morphologically, collagen- and CMC based-hydrogels showed porous structures with homogeneously distributed pores assuring a good loading capacity with drugs. These hydrogels were investigated by indirect and direct contact studies with Vero cell line (CCL-81™, ATCC), demonstrating that they are well tolerated by normal cells and, therefore, showed promising potential for further use in the development of drug delivery systems based on hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Demeter
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), Atomiştilor 409, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (M.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Andreea Mariana Negrescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.N.); (A.C.)
| | - Ion Calina
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), Atomiştilor 409, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (M.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Anca Scarisoreanu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), Atomiştilor 409, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (M.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Mădălina Albu Kaya
- Department of Collagen, Division Leather and Footwear Research Institute, National Research and Development Institute for Textiles and Leather (INCDTP), 93 Ion Minulescu Str., 031215 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Marin Micutz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Marius Dumitru
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), Atomiştilor 409, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (M.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Anisoara Cimpean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.N.); (A.C.)
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Kopač T, Abrami M, Grassi M, Ručigaj A, Krajnc M. Polysaccharide-based hydrogels crosslink density equation: A rheological and LF-NMR study of polymer-polymer interactions. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118895. [PMID: 34893297 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple relation between pendant groups of polymers in hydrogels is introduced to determine the crosslink density of (complex) hydrogel systems (mixtures of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) modified nanocellulose, alginate, scleroglucan and Laponite in addition of crosslinking agents). Furthermore, the rheological properties and their great potential connection to design complex hydrogel systems with desired properties have been thoroughly investigated. Hydrogel structures governing internal friction and flow resistance were described by the predominant effect of ionic, hydrogen, and electrostatic interactions. The relationship between rheological properties and polymer-polymer interactions in the hydrogel network is explained and expressed in a new mathematical model for determining the crosslink density of (crosslinked) hydrogels based on single or mixture of polymer systems. In the end, the combined used of rheology and low field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (LF-NMR) for the characterization of hydrogel networks is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilen Kopač
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Michela Abrami
- University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Building B, via Valerio 6, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Grassi
- University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Building B, via Valerio 6, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aleš Ručigaj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Krajnc
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Fanse S, Bao Q, Zou Y, Wang Y, Burgess DJ. Impact of polymer crosslinking on release mechanisms from long-acting levonorgestrel intrauterine systems. Int J Pharm 2022; 612:121383. [PMID: 34919997 PMCID: PMC9208241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) crosslinking density is a critical material attribute of levonorgestrel intrauterine systems (LNG-IUSs) that affects drug release and may have a significant influence on product performance and safety. Accordingly, the objective of the present work was to investigate the impact of PDMS crosslinking on the release mechanisms of LNG-IUSs and thereby achieve better product understanding. To investigate the effect of PDMS crosslinking, LNG-IUSs with varying prepolymer ratios and different mixing conditions were prepared. Accelerated and real-time in vitro release of the LNG-IUSs were conducted for up to 80 days and 7 months, respectively. Contrary to conventional understanding, formulations with higher crosslinking density showed faster drug release rates. To further understand this anomalous release behavior, the microstructure and molecular properties (using scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, polymer swelling studies, solid-state silicon NMR, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction) were investigated. Interestingly, it was revealed that high PDMS crosslinking forms a solid-state porous branched network with amorphous polymer domains facilitating fast solvent uptake (in organic solvents) and easy access to the drug particles leading to rapid mass transport of the drug molecules. Furthermore, formulations processed using planetary mixing showed higher crosslinking densities and faster drug release rates than those prepared using manual mixing. Model fitting of all LNG-IUSs were carried out using first order, two-phase (zero order plus Higuchi), and Korsmeyer-Peppas models. The first order model (which showed the best fitting for the full release profile) was used to establish correlations between the drug release rates and the PDMS crosslinking densities of LNG-IUSs. This is the first comprehensive report providing novel insights into crosslinking-induced microstructural changes and physicochemical properties that dictate drug release from LNG-IUSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Fanse
- University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Quanying Bao
- University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Yuan Zou
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Diane J. Burgess
- University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT 06269, USA,Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA. (D.J. Burgess)
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E-Beam Cross-Linking of Complex Hydrogels Formulation: The Influence of Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Concentration on the Hydrogel Properties. Gels 2021; 8:gels8010027. [PMID: 35049562 PMCID: PMC8774647 DOI: 10.3390/gels8010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we report on the complex hydrogels formulations based on collagen-poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) cross-linked by e-beam irradiation in an aqueous polymeric solution, aiming to investigate the influence of different PEO concentrations on the hydrogel properties. The hydrogel networks’ structure and their composition were investigated using equilibrium swelling degree, complex rheological analysis, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Rheological analysis was performed to determine the elastic (G′) and viscous (G″) moduli, the average molecular weight between cross-linking points (Mc), cross-link density (Ve), and the mesh size (ξ). The effect of the PEO concentration on the properties of the hydrogel was investigated as well. Depending on the PEO concentration added in their composition, the hydrogels swelling degree depends on the absorbed dose, being lower at low PEO concentrations. All hydrogel formulations showed higher G′ values (9.8 kPa) compared to G″ values (0.2 kPa), which shows that the hydrogels have a predominantly elastic behavior. They presented stability greater than 72 h in physiological pH buffers and reached equilibrium after 25 h. The Mc parameter is strongly dependent on the PEO concentration and the absorbed dose for all hydrogel compositions. The cross-linking density increased with the absorbed dose.
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7
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Gonçalves A, Almeida FV, Borges JP, Soares PIP. Incorporation of Dual-Stimuli Responsive Microgels in Nanofibrous Membranes for Cancer Treatment by Magnetic Hyperthermia. Gels 2021; 7:gels7010028. [PMID: 33807693 PMCID: PMC8005962 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The delivery of multiple anti-cancer agents holds great promise for better treatments. The present work focuses on developing multifunctional materials for simultaneous and local combinatory treatment: Chemotherapy and hyperthermia. We first produced hybrid microgels (MG), synthesized by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization, consisting of Poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm), chitosan (40 wt.%), and iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) (5 wt.%) as the inorganic component. PNIPAAm MGs with a hydrodynamic diameter of about 1 μm (in their swollen state) were successfully synthesized. With the incorporation of chitosan and NPs in PNIPAAm MG, a decrease in MG diameter and swelling capacity was observed, without affecting their thermosensitivity. We then sought to produce biocompatible and mechanically robust membranes containing these dual-responsive MG. To achieve this, MG were incorporated in poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) fibers through colloidal electrospinning. The presence of NPs in MG decreases the membrane swelling ratio from 10 to values between 6 and 7, and increases the material stiffness, raising its Young modulus from 20 to 35 MPa. Furthermore, magnetic hyperthermia assay shows that PVP-MG-NP composites perform better than any other formulation, with a temperature variation of about 1 °C. The present work demonstrates the potential of using multifunctional colloidal membranes for magnetic hyperthermia and may in the future be used as an alternative treatment for cancer.
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One Step e-Beam Radiation Cross-Linking of Quaternary Hydrogels Dressings Based on Chitosan-Poly(Vinyl-Pyrrolidone)-Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-Poly(Acrylic Acid). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239236. [PMID: 33287433 PMCID: PMC7731230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on the successful preparation of wet dressings hydrogels based on Chitosan-Poly(N-Vinyl-Pyrrolidone)-Poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(acrylic acid) and Poly(ethylene oxide) by e-beam cross-linking in weakly acidic media, to be used for rapid healing and pain release of infected skin wounds. The structure and compositions of hydrogels investigated according to sol-gel and swelling studies, network parameters, as well as FTIR and XPS analyses showed the efficient interaction of the hydrogel components upon irradiation, maintaining the bonding environment while the cross-linking degree increasing with the irradiation dose and the formation of a structure with the mesh size in the range 11–67 nm. Hydrogels with gel fraction above 85% and the best swelling properties in different pH solutions were obtained for hydrogels produced with 15 kGy. The hydrogels are stable in the simulated physiological condition of an infected wound and show appropriate moisture retention capability and the water vapor transmission rate up to 272.67 g m−2 day−1, to ensure fast healing. The hydrogels proved to have a significant loading capacity of ibuprofen (IBU), being able to incorporate a therapeutic dose for the treatment of severe pains. Simultaneously, IBU was released up to 25% in the first 2h, having a release maximum after 8 h.
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Demeter M, Meltzer V, Călina I, Scărișoreanu A, Micutz M, Albu Kaya MG. Highly elastic superabsorbent collagen/PVP/PAA/PEO hydrogels crosslinked via e-beam radiation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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10
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Lenzini S, Bargi R, Chung G, Shin JW. Matrix mechanics and water permeation regulate extracellular vesicle transport. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:217-223. [PMID: 32066904 PMCID: PMC7075670 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) to communicate over long distances, which requires EVs to traverse the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, given that the size of EVs is usually larger than the mesh size of the ECM, it is not clear how they can travel through the dense ECM. Here we show that, in contrast to synthetic nanoparticles, EVs readily transport through nanoporous ECM. Using engineered hydrogels, we demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the matrix regulate anomalous EV transport under confinement. Matrix stress relaxation allows EVs to overcome the confinement, and a higher crosslinking density facilitates a fluctuating transport motion through the polymer mesh, which leads to free diffusion and fast transport. Furthermore, water permeation through aquaporin-1 mediates the EV deformability, which further supports EV transport in hydrogels and a decellularized matrix. Our results provide evidence for the nature of EV transport within confined environments and demonstrate an unexpected dependence on matrix mechanics and water permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Lenzini
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Raymond Bargi
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gina Chung
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jae-Won Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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11
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Graham AJ, Dundas CM, Hillsley A, Kasprak DS, Rosales AM, Keitz BK. Genetic Control of Radical Cross-linking in a Semisynthetic Hydrogel. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:1375-1386. [PMID: 33313392 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing materials with the qualities of living systems, including sensing, computation, and adaptation, is an important challenge in designing next-generation technologies. Living materials address this challenge by incorporating live cells as actuating components that control material function. For abiotic materials, this requires new methods that couple genetic and metabolic processes to material properties. Toward this goal, we demonstrate that extracellular electron transfer (EET) from Shewanella oneidensis can be leveraged to control radical cross-linking of a methacrylate-functionalized hyaluronic acid hydrogel. Cross-linking rates and hydrogel mechanics, specifically storage modulus, were dependent on various chemical and biological factors, including S. oneidensis genotype. Bacteria remained viable and metabolically active in the networks for a least 1 week, while cell tracking revealed that EET genes also encode control over hydrogel microstructure. Moreover, construction of an inducible gene circuit allowed transcriptional control of storage modulus and cross-linking rate via the tailored expression of a key electron transfer protein, MtrC. Finally, we quantitatively modeled hydrogel stiffness as a function of steady-state mtrC expression and generalized this result by demonstrating the strong relationship between relative gene expression and material properties. This general mechanism for radical cross-linking provides a foundation for programming the form and function of synthetic materials through genetic control over extracellular electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J Graham
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Christopher M Dundas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Alexander Hillsley
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Dain S Kasprak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Adrianne M Rosales
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Benjamin K Keitz
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenechi A. Agbim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laura A. Schaefer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
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14
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Campbell KT, Wysoczynski K, Hadley DJ, Silva EA. Computational-Based Design of Hydrogels with Predictable Mesh Properties. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:308-319. [PMID: 33313390 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. Additionally, the simulations provided a robust strategy to determine the mesh size distribution and identified properties to control the mesh size of alginate hydrogels. Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kajetan Wysoczynski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Dustin J Hadley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Eduardo A Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
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Multi-stimuli-responsive poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-N-vinyl pyrrolidone-co-methacrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacryl amide) hydrogel: synthesis, characterization and application in drug release. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-019-00758-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Lv J, Liang R, Xia Z, Li Y, Lv Z, Hou D, Yu L, Chen G, Liu Y, Yang F. Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic star-shaped copolymers based on β-cyclodextrin for micelles drug delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:1017-1028. [PMID: 30922119 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1593437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A series of β-CD amphiphilic star-shaped copolymers with exceptional characteristics were synthesized and their potential as carriers for micelles drug delivery was investigated. METHODS A series of amphiphilic copolymers based on β-CD were synthesized by introducing poly (acrylic acid)-co-poly(methyl methacrylate)-poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) or poly (acrylic acid)-co-poly(methyl methacrylate)-co-poly(monoacylated-β-CD)-poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) blocks to the primary hydroxyl group positions of β-CD. The micellization behavior of the copolymers, the synthesis conditions, characteristics, drug release in vitro and tissue distribution of vinpocetine (VP) micelles in vivo were investigated. RESULTS Around 60 types of β-CD amphiphilic star-shaped copolymers were successfully synthesized and the critical micelle concentration ranged from 9.80 × 10-4 to 5.24 × 10-2g/L. The particle size, drug loading and entrapment efficiency of VP-loaded β-CD-P4 micelles prepared with optimal formulation were about 65 nm, 21.44 ± 0.14%, and 49.05 ± 0.36%, respectively. The particles had good sphericity. The cumulative release rates at 72 h of VP-loaded β-CD-P4 micelles in pH 1.0, pH 4.5, pH 6.5, or pH 7.4 media were 93%, 69%, 49%, and 43%, respectively. And, the lung targeting efficiency of VP-loaded β-CD-P4 micelles was 8.98 times higher than that of VP injection. CONCLUSION The VP-loaded β-CD-P4 micelles exhibited controlled-release property, pH-induced feature and lung targeting capacity compared with VP injection, suggesting that the β-CD-P4 copolymers are an excellent candidate for micelles drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Lv
- a Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Runcheng Liang
- a Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zihua Xia
- a Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yong Li
- b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center for Modified-released Pharmaceutical Products , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhufen Lv
- b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center for Modified-released Pharmaceutical Products , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Dongzhi Hou
- a Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Liping Yu
- a Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Gang Chen
- a Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yi Liu
- d School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Zhongshan , China
| | - Fan Yang
- a Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China
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17
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Toledo L, Racine L, Pérez V, Henríquez JP, Auzely-Velty R, Urbano BF. Physical nanocomposite hydrogels filled with low concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles: Swelling, networks parameters and cell retention studies. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 92:769-778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Al Sulaiman D, Cadinu P, Ivanov AP, Edel JB, Ladame S. Chemically Modified Hydrogel-Filled Nanopores: A Tunable Platform for Single-Molecule Sensing. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6084-6093. [PMID: 30105906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Label-free, single-molecule sensing is anideal candidate for biomedical applications that rely on the detection of low copy numbers in small volumes and potentially complex biofluids. Among them, solid-state nanopores can be engineered to detect single molecules of charged analytes when they are electrically driven through the nanometer-sized aperture. When successfully applied to nucleic acid sensing, fast transport in the range of 10-100 nucleotides per nanosecond often precludes the use of standard nanopores for the detection of the smallest fragments. Herein, hydrogel-filled nanopores (HFN) are reported that combine quartz nanopipettes with biocompatible chemical poly(vinyl) alcohol hydrogels engineered in-house. Hydrogels were modified physically or chemically to finely tune, in a predictable manner, the transport of specific molecules. Controlling the hydrogel mesh size and chemical composition allowed us to slow DNA transport by 4 orders of magnitude and to detect fragments as small as 100 base pairs (bp) with nanopores larger than 20 nm at an ionic strength comparable to physiological conditions. Considering the emergence of cell-free nucleic acids as blood biomarkers for cancer diagnostics or prenatal testing, the successful sensing and size profiling of DNA fragments ranging from 100 bp to >1 kbp long under physiological conditions demonstrates the potential of HFNs as a new generation of powerful and easily tunable molecular diagnostics tools.
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19
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A comparative study between three different methods of hydrogel network characterization: effect of composition on the crosslinking properties using sol–gel, rheological and mechanical analyses. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-2239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Gallardo A, Pereyra Y, Martínez-Campos E, García C, Acitores D, Casado-Losada I, Gómez-Fatou MA, Reinecke H, Ellis G, Acevedo D, Rodríguez-Hernández J, Salavagione HJ. Facile one-pot exfoliation and integration of 2D layered materials by dispersion in a photocurable polymer precursor. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:10590-10595. [PMID: 28726951 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03204h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Efficient exfoliation of graphene and related materials (GRM) and fast and inexpensive integration/assembly are crucial to fulfil their full potential. A high degree of exfoliation in organic media can be achieved with high boiling point liquids that usually leave residues after drying, which is a handicap for many applications. Here, the effective exfoliation and dispersion of GRM in a vinyl monomer, which is subsequently converted to a functional polymer by photopolymerization, is reported. Nanocomposite membranes and three-dimensional objects are produced by the photo-curing process and stereolithography 3D printing, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Gallardo
- Polymer Functionalization Group, Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (ICTP-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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21
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Gallardo A, Martínez-Campos E, García C, Cortajarena AL, Rodríguez-Hernández J. Hydrogels with Modulated Ionic Load for Mammalian Cell Harvesting with Reduced Bacterial Adhesion. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1521-1531. [PMID: 28387521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we describe the fabrication of hydrogel supports for mammalian cell handling that can simultaneously prevent materials from microbial contamination and therefore allow storage in aqueous media. For that purpose, hydrogels based on the antifouling polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were functionalized with different ionic groups (anionic, cationic, or two types of zwitterions). In order to prevent bacterial adhesion in the long-term, we took advantage of the synergistic effect of inherently antifouling PVP and additional antifouling moieties incorporated within the hydrogel structure. We evaluated, in a separated series of experiments, both the capability of the materials to act as supports for the growth of mammalian cell monolayers for transplantation (using C-166-GFP endothelial cell line), as well their antifouling properties against Staphylococcus aureus, were studied. All of the hydrogels are structurally pseudodouble networks with high swelling (around 90%) and similar mechanical properties (in the low range for hydrogel materials with Young modulus below 1250 kPa). With some differences, all the charged hydrogels were capable of hosting mouse endothelial cell line C166-GFP to confluence, as well as a monolayer detachment and transplantation through simple mechanical agitation. On the contrary, the uncharged hydrogel was not capable to detach a full monolayer for transplantation. Bacterial adhesion and proliferation was highly sensitive to the functionality (type of charge and density). In particular, we evidenced that monomers bearing zwitterionic sulfobetaine groups, those negatively charged as well as "electro neutral" hydrogels fabricated from stoichiometric amounts of positive and negative units, exhibit excellent antifouling properties both at initial adhesion times and during longer periods up to 72 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Gallardo
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Martínez-Campos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Tissue Engineering Group; Instituto de Estudios Biofuncionales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid . Paseo Juan XXIII, n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aitziber L Cortajarena
- CIC biomaGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián , Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Ma Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia and Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC) - IMDEA Nanociencia Associated Unit, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Rodríguez-Hernández
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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22
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O'Connor C, Steichen S, Peppas NA. Student Award for Outstanding Research Winner in the Undergraduate Category for the 2017 Society for Biomaterials Annual Meeting and Exposition, April 5-8, 2017, Minneapolis, Minnesota: Development and characterization of stimuli-responsive hydrogel microcarriers for oral protein delivery. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:1243-1251. [PMID: 28177593 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A family of pH-responsive terpolymers composed of methacrylic acid (MAA), N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP), and poly(ethylene glycol) monomethylether monomethacrylate (PEGMMA) have been developed and evaluated for their pH-responsive swelling behavior, protein-loading capabilities, and cytocompatibility. These terpolymer hydrogels, designated as P((MAA-co-NVP)-g-EG), were synthesized with varying PEG chain lengths and monomer feed ratios. The incorporation of MAA into the terpolymer structure was quantified with potentiometric titration. Equilibrium and dynamic swelling studies confirmed the pH-responsive behavior of the hydrogel, with the system remaining collapsed/complexed in acidic pH conditions and swollen/decomplexed in neutral pH conditions. The ability of the hydrogels to partition protein into the swollen network was assessed for two model proteins of varying molecular weight: insulin and porcine growth hormone. Finally, the cytocompatibility of the hydrogels in the presence of two model intestinal cell lines was investigated and confirmed minimal cytotoxicity at and below 2.5 mg/mL. The developed P((MAA-co-NVP)-g-EG) hydrogels exhibit unique properties that could potentially be utilized for drug delivery and separation applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1243-1251, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800, Austin, Texas, 78712
| | - Stephanie Steichen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800, Austin, Texas, 78712
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800, Austin, Texas, 78712.,McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 East Dean Keeton Street Stop C0400, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1501 Red River Street, Austin, Texas, 78702.,Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, Texas, 78712
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23
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Faria J, Echeverria C, Borges JP, Godinho MH, Soares PIP. Towards the development of multifunctional hybrid fibrillary gels: production and optimization by colloidal electrospinning. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07166c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of thermosensitive microgels that can act as active sites into polymeric fibers through colloidal electrospinning originates multifunctional, highly porous, and biocompatible membranes suitable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Faria
- i3N/CENIMAT
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
- FCT/UNL
- Portugal
| | - Coro Echeverria
- i3N/CENIMAT
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
- FCT/UNL
- Portugal
| | - João P. Borges
- i3N/CENIMAT
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
- FCT/UNL
- Portugal
| | - Maria H. Godinho
- i3N/CENIMAT
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
- FCT/UNL
- Portugal
| | - Paula I. P. Soares
- i3N/CENIMAT
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
- FCT/UNL
- Portugal
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24
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Steichen S, O'Connor C, Peppas NA. Development of a P((MAA-co-NVP)-g-EG) Hydrogel Platform for Oral Protein Delivery: Effects of Hydrogel Composition on Environmental Response and Protein Partitioning. Macromol Biosci 2016; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Steichen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800 Austin TX 78712 USA
- Institute for Biomaterials; Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine; The University of Texas at Austin; 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800 Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Colleen O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800 Austin TX 78712 USA
- Institute for Biomaterials; Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine; The University of Texas at Austin; 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800 Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800 Austin TX 78712 USA
- Institute for Biomaterials; Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine; The University of Texas at Austin; 107 West Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800 Austin TX 78712 USA
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; 200 East Dean Keeton Street Stop C0400 Austin TX 78712 USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care; Dell Medical School; The University of Texas at Austin; 1501 Red River Street Austin TX 78702 USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics; College of Pharmacy; The University of Texas at Austin; 2409 University Avenue Austin TX 78712 USA
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25
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Sandrin D, Wagner D, Sitta CE, Thoma R, Felekyan S, Hermes HE, Janiak C, de Sousa Amadeu N, Kühnemuth R, Löwen H, Egelhaaf SU, Seidel CAM. Diffusion of macromolecules in a polymer hydrogel: from microscopic to macroscopic scales. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:12860-76. [PMID: 27104814 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07781h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To gain insight into the fundamental processes determining the motion of macromolecules in polymeric matrices, the dynamical hindrance of polymeric dextran molecules diffusing as probe through a polyacrylamide hydrogel is systematically explored. Three complementary experimental methods combined with Brownian dynamics simulations are used to study a broad range of dextran molecular weights and salt concentrations. While multi-parameter fluorescence image spectroscopy (MFIS) is applied to investigate the local diffusion of single molecules on a microscopic length scale inside the hydrogel, a macroscopic transmission imaging (MTI) fluorescence technique and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are used to study the collective motion of dextrans on the macroscopic scale. These fundamentally different experimental methods, probing different length scales of the system, yield long-time diffusion coefficients for the dextran molecules which agree quantitatively. The measured diffusion coefficients decay markedly with increasing molecular weight of the dextran and fall onto a master curve. The observed trends of the hindrance factors are consistent with Brownian dynamics simulations. The simulations also allow us to estimate the mean pore size for the herein investigated experimental conditions. In addition to the diffusing molecules, MFIS detects temporarily trapped molecules inside the matrix with diffusion times above 10 ms, which is also confirmed by anisotropy analysis. The fraction of bound molecules depends on the ionic strength of the solution and the charge of the dye. Using fluorescence intensity analysis, also MTI confirms the observation of the interaction of dextrans with the hydrogel. Moreover, pixelwise analysis permits to show significant heterogeneity of the gel on the microscopic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sandrin
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie II, Molekulare Physikalische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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26
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Caldorera-Moore M, Maass K, Hegab R, Fletcher G, Peppas N. Hybrid responsive hydrogel carriers for oral delivery of low molecular weight therapeutic agents. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2015; 30:352-359. [PMID: 26688695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2015.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have been influential in the development of controlled release systems for a wide variety of therapeutic agents. These materials are attractive as carriers for transmucosal and intracellular drug delivery because of their inherent biocompatibility, tunable physicochemical properties, basic synthesis, and ability to be physiologically responsive. Due to their hydrophilic nature, hydrogel-based carrier systems are not always the best systems for delivery of small molecular weight, hydrophobic therapeutic agents. In this work, versatile hydrogel-based carriers composed of copolymers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and acrylic acid (AA) were designed and synthesized to create formulations for oral delivery of small molecular weight therapeutic agents. Through practical material selection and careful design of copolymer composition and molecular architecture, we engineered systems capable of responding to physiological changes, with tunable physicochemical properties that are optimized to load, protect, and deliver their payloads to their intended site of action. The synthesized carriers' ability to respond to changes in pH, to load and release small molecular weight drugs, and biocompatibility were investigated. Our results suggest these hydrophilic networks have great potential for controlled delivery of small-molecular weight, hydrophobic and hydrophilic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caldorera-Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA ; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - K Maass
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - R Hegab
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA
| | - G Fletcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - N Peppas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; Division of Pharmaceutics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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27
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Koetting MC, Peters JT, Steichen SD, Peppas NA. Stimulus-responsive hydrogels: Theory, modern advances, and applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. R, REPORTS : A REVIEW JOURNAL 2015; 93:1-49. [PMID: 27134415 PMCID: PMC4847551 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 543] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the past century, hydrogels have emerged as effective materials for an immense variety of applications. The unique network structure of hydrogels enables very high levels of hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, while at the same time exhibiting the soft physical properties associated with living tissue, making them ideal biomaterials. Stimulus-responsive hydrogels have been especially impactful, allowing for unprecedented levels of control over material properties in response to external cues. This enhanced control has enabled groundbreaking advances in healthcare, allowing for more effective treatment of a vast array of diseases and improved approaches for tissue engineering and wound healing. In this extensive review, we identify and discuss the multitude of response modalities that have been developed, including temperature, pH, chemical, light, electro, and shear-sensitive hydrogels. We discuss the theoretical analysis of hydrogel properties and the mechanisms used to create these responses, highlighting both the pioneering and most recent work in all of these fields. Finally, we review the many current and proposed applications of these hydrogels in medicine and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Koetting
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Jonathan T. Peters
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Stephanie D. Steichen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
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28
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Carrillo-Conde BR, Brewer E, Lowman A, Peppas NA. Complexation Hydrogels as Oral Delivery Vehicles of Therapeutic Antibodies: An in Vitro and ex Vivo Evaluation of Antibody Stability and Bioactivity. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015; 54:10197-10205. [PMID: 26556950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) may enable the localized treatment of infections or other conditions in the gastrointestinal tract (GI) as well as systemic diseases. As with the development of oral protein biotherapeutics, one of the most challenging tasks in antibody therapies is the loss of biological activity due to physical and chemical instabilities. New families of complexation hydrogels with pH-responsive properties have demonstrated to be excellent transmucosal delivery vehicles. This contribution focuses on the design and evaluation of hydrogel carriers that will minimize the degradation and maximize the in vivo activity of anti-TNF-α, a mAb used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the GI tract and systemically for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. P(MAA-g-EG) and P(MAA-co-NVP) hydrogels systems were optimized to achieve adequate swelling behavior, which translated into improved protein loading and release at neutral pH simulating the small intestine conditions. Additionally, these hydrogel systems preserve antibody bioactivity upon release resulting in the systemic circulation of an antibody capable of effectively performing its biological function. The compatibility if these hydrogels for mAb bioactivity preservation and release makes them candidates for use as oral delivery systems for therapeutic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda R Carrillo-Conde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
| | - Erik Brewer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Anthony Lowman
- College of Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States ; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States ; Division of Pharmaceutics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
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29
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Knipe JM, Peppas NA. Multi-responsive hydrogels for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Regen Biomater 2014; 1:57-65. [PMID: 26816625 PMCID: PMC4669007 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbu006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-responsive hydrogels, or 'intelligent' hydrogels that respond to more than one environmental stimulus, have demonstrated great utility as a regenerative biomaterial in recent years. They are structured biocompatible materials that provide specific and distinct responses to varied physiological or externally applied stimuli. As evidenced by a burgeoning number of investigators, multi-responsive hydrogels are endowed with tunable, controllable and even biomimetic behavior well-suited for drug delivery and tissue engineering or regenerative growth applications. This article encompasses recent developments and challenges regarding supramolecular, layer-by-layer assembled and covalently cross-linked multi-responsive hydrogel networks and their application to drug delivery and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Knipe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, C0400, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA, Department of Biomedical Engineering, C0800, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA, College of Pharmacy, C0400, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, C0400, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA, Department of Biomedical Engineering, C0800, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA, College of Pharmacy, C0400, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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30
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Durán-Lobato M, Carrillo-Conde B, Khairandish Y, Peppas NA. Surface-modified P(HEMA-co-MAA) nanogel carriers for oral vaccine delivery: design, characterization, and in vitro targeting evaluation. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2725-34. [PMID: 24955658 PMCID: PMC4504688 DOI: 10.1021/bm500588x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oral drug delivery is a route of choice for vaccine administration because of its noninvasive nature and thus efforts have focused on efficient delivery of vaccine antigens to mucosal sites. An effective oral vaccine delivery system must protect the antigen from degradation upon mucosal delivery, penetrate mucosal barriers, and control the release of the antigen and costimulatory and immunomodulatory agents to specific immune cells (i.e., APCs). In this paper, mannan-modified pH-responsive P(HEMA-co-MAA) nanogels were synthesized and assessed as carriers for oral vaccination. The nanogels showed pH-sensitive properties, entrapping and protecting the loaded cargo at low pH values, and triggered protein release after switching to intestinal pH values. Surface decoration with mannan as carbohydrate moieties resulted in enhanced internalization by macrophages as well as increasing the expression of relevant costimulatory molecules. These findings indicate that mannan-modified P(HEMA-co-MAA) nanogels are a promising approach to a more efficacious oral vaccination regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Durán-Lobato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, Texas 78712-0238, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, Texas 78712-0238, United States
| | - Brenda Carrillo-Conde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, Texas 78712-0238, United States
| | - Yasmine Khairandish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, Texas 78712-0238, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, Texas 78712-0238, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, Texas 78712-0238, United States
- Division of Pharmaceutics, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, Texas 78712-0238, United States
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Koetting MC, Peppas NA. pH-Responsive poly(itaconic acid-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) hydrogels with reduced ionic strength loading solutions offer improved oral delivery potential for high isoelectric point-exhibiting therapeutic proteins. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:83-91. [PMID: 24853463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
pH-Responsive hydrogels comprised of itaconic acid copolymerized with N-vinylpyrrolidone (P(IA-co-NVP)) were synthesized and tested as carriers for the oral delivery of high isoelectric point (pI) exhibiting therapeutic proteins. Swelling studies show that P(IA-co-NVP) hydrogels exhibit significantly greater and faster pH-responsive swelling than previously studied methacrylic acid-based hydrogels, achieving up to 68% greater equilibrium swelling and 10.4 times greater swelling in time-limited experiments. Using salmon calcitonin as a model high pI protein therapeutic, we show that P(IA-co-NVP) hydrogels exhibit significantly greater delivery potential than methacrylic acid-based hydrogels. Additionally, we show that utilizing a lower ionic strength solution during drug loading significantly improves drug delivery potential for high pI therapeutics. By using a 1.5mM PBS buffer rather than the standard 150 mM PBS buffer during loading, up to 83 times as much calcitonin can be delivered in neutral conditions, with up to a 9.6-fold improvement in percent release. Using P(IA-co-NVP) hydrogel microparticles and a low ionic strength loading solution, up to 48 μg calcitonin/mg hydrogel can be delivered in small intestinal conditions. Based on expected absorption in the small intestine, this is sufficient delivery potential for achieving therapeutic dosage via a single, regularly-sized pill taken daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Koetting
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, C0400, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, C0400, Austin, TX 78712, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, C0800, Austin, TX 78712, United States; College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, C0400, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
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Marek SR, Peppas NA. Insulin Release Dynamics from Poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) Hydrogel Systems. AIChE J 2013; 59:3578-3585. [PMID: 24634515 DOI: 10.1002/aic.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Novel glucose-sensitive systems for the release of insulin from poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDEAEM) micro-particles and nanoparticles decorated with glucose oxidase and catalase enzymes have been developed. The effect of polymer composition and loading conditions on the insulin loading efficiency and release was studied. The optimal conditions for loading insulin into PDEAEM microparticles were found to be at a loading pH of 5.6, particle to insulin mass ratio of 7:1, a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL insulin, and a collapsing pH of approximately 9.5. Microparticles exhibited a responsive (pH) or intelligent (glucose) release of insulin from a stimulus. Microparticles that had a nominal crosslinking ratio of 10% released a third of the insulin payload after a single stimulus, compared to nearly 70% for microparticles with a 3% crosslinking ratio. PDEAEM micro particles of 150 µm diameter showed promise as components of a system of automated, intelligent delivery method for insulin to type I diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve R. Marek
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX 78712
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX 78712
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX 78712
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Liu X, Xu Y, Wu Z, Chen H. Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-Modified Surfaces for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Biosci 2012; 13:147-54. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201200269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Branca C, Auditore L, Loria D, Trimarchi M, Wanderlingh U. Radiation synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene oxide)/chitosan hydrogels. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Micro- and nanotechnologies for intelligent and responsive biomaterial-based medical systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2009; 61:1391-401. [PMID: 19758574 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Revised: 08/29/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advances in medical treatments of a wide variety of pathophysiological conditions require the development of better therapeutic agents, as well as a combination of the required therapeutic agents with device-integrated biomaterials that can serve as sensors and carriers. Combination of micro- and nano-fabricated systems with intelligent biomaterials that have the ability to sense and respond is a promising avenue for the development of better diagnostic and therapeutic medical systems. Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMs and NEMs) are now becoming a family of potentially powerful new technologies for drug delivery, diagnostic tools, and tissue engineering. Improvements in micro- and nano-fabrication technologies have enhanced the ability to create better performing therapeutic systems for numerous pathophysiological applications. More importantly, MEMS- and NEMS-based tissue regeneration scaffolds, biosensors, and drug delivery devices provide new opportunities to mimic the natural intelligence and response of biological systems.
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