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Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as State-of-the-Art Drug Carriers in Hydrogel Transdermal Drug Delivery Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030640. [PMID: 35160628 PMCID: PMC8838162 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) are polymeric networks capable of recognizing determined analytes. Among other methods, non-covalent imprinting has become the most popular synthesis strategy for Molecular Imprinting Technology (MIT). While MIPs are widely used in various scientific fields, one of their most challenging applications lies within pharmaceutical chemistry, namely in therapeutics or various medical therapies. Many studies focus on using hydrogel MIPs in transdermal drug delivery, as the most valuable feature of hydrogels in their application in drug delivery systems that allow controlled diffusion and amplification of the microscopic events. Hydrogels have many advantages over other imprinting materials, such as milder synthesis conditions at lower temperatures or the increase in the availability of biological templates like DNA, protein, and nucleic acid. Moreover, one of the most desirable controlled drug delivery applications is the development of stimuli-responsive hydrogels that can modulate the release in response to changes in pH, temperature, ionic strength, or others. The most important feature of these systems is that they can be designed to operate within a particular human body area due to the possibility of adapting to well-known environmental conditions. Therefore, molecularly imprinted hydrogels play an important role in the development of modern drug delivery systems.
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Cubuk H, Ozbil M, Cakir Hatir P. Computational analysis of functional monomers used in molecular imprinting for promising COVID-19 detection. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021; 1199:113215. [PMID: 33747754 PMCID: PMC7960027 DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Today, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently caused a severe outbreak worldwide. There are still several challenges in COVID-19 diagnoses, such as limited reagents, equipment, and long turnaround times. In this research, we propose to design molecularly imprinted polymers as a novel approach for the rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2. For this purpose, we investigated molecular interactions between the target spike protein, receptor-binding domain of the virus, and the common functional monomers used in molecular imprinting by a plethora of computational analyses; sequence analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Our results demonstrated that AMPS and IA monomers gave promising results on the SARS-CoV-2 specific TEIYQAGST sequence for further analysis. Therefore, we propose an epitope approach-based synthesis route for specific recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by using AMPS and IA as functional monomers and the peptide fragment of the TEIYQAGST sequence as a template molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Cubuk
- Istanbul Arel University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bioinspired Functional Polymers and Nanomaterials Laboratory, 34537 Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozbil
- Gebze Technical University, Institute of Biotechnology, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Pinar Cakir Hatir
- Istanbul Arel University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bioinspired Functional Polymers and Nanomaterials Laboratory, 34537 Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey
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Regan B, Boyle F, O'Kennedy R, Collins D. Evaluation of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Point-of-Care Testing for Cardiovascular Disease. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E3485. [PMID: 31395843 PMCID: PMC6720456 DOI: 10.3390/s19163485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting is a rapidly growing area of interest involving the synthesis of artificial recognition elements that enable the separation of analyte from a sample matrix and its determination. Traditionally, this approach can be successfully applied to small analyte (<1.5 kDa) separation/ extraction, but, more recently it is finding utility in biomimetic sensors. These sensors consist of a recognition element and a transducer similar to their biosensor counterparts, however, the fundamental distinction is that biomimetic sensors employ an artificial recognition element. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) employed as the recognition elements in biomimetic sensors contain binding sites complementary in shape and functionality to their target analyte. Despite the growing interest in molecularly imprinting techniques, the commercial adoption of this technology is yet to be widely realised for blood sample analysis. This review aims to assess the applicability of this technology for the point-of-care testing (POCT) of cardiovascular disease-related biomarkers. More specifically, molecular imprinting is critically evaluated with respect to the detection of cardiac biomarkers indicative of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), such as the cardiac troponins (cTns). The challenges associated with the synthesis of MIPs for protein detection are outlined, in addition to enhancement techniques that ultimately improve the analytical performance of biomimetic sensors. The mechanism of detection employed to convert the analyte concentration into a measurable signal in biomimetic sensors will be discussed. Furthermore, the analytical performance of these sensors will be compared with biosensors and their potential implementation within clinical settings will be considered. In addition, the most suitable application of these sensors for cardiovascular assessment will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Regan
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Fiona Boyle
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Richard O'Kennedy
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Research Complex, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - David Collins
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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Keçili R. Selective Recognition of Myoglobin in Biological Samples Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Affinity Traps. Int J Anal Chem 2018; 2018:4359892. [PMID: 30174693 PMCID: PMC6106809 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4359892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work demonstrates the design, characterization, and preparation of molecularly imprinted microspheres for the selective detection of myoglobin in serum samples. The suspension polymerization approach was applied for the preparation of myoglobin imprinted microspheres. For this purpose, N-methacryloylamino folic acid-Nd3+ (MAFol- Nd3+) was chosen as the complex functional monomer. The optimization studies were performed changing the medium pH, temperature, and myoglobin concentration. pH 7.0 was determined as the optimum value where the prepared imprinted microspheres displayed maximum binding for myoglobin. The maximum binding capacity was achieved as 623 mgg-1. In addition, the selectivity studies were conducted. The results confirmed that the imprinted microspheres showed great selectivity towards myoglobin in the existence of hemoglobin, cytochrome c, and lysozyme which were chosen as potentially competing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüstem Keçili
- Anadolu University, Yunus Emre Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey
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Xu D, Li S, Pan T, He J, Wu Q. Surface Imprinting on Spherical Macroporous Silica for Protein Recognition. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DanDan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - SiQi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ting Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - JianFeng He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - QuanZhou Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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The solvent quality of water for poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in the collapsed state: Implications from single-molecule studies. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-016-1773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Sheykhaghaei G, Hossainisadr M, Khanahmadzadeh S, Seyedsajadi M, Alipouramjad A. Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles for selective solid phase extraction and pre-concentration of Tizanidine in human urine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1011:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen L, Wang X, Lu W, Wu X, Li J. Molecular imprinting: perspectives and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:2137-211. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00061d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1438] [Impact Index Per Article: 179.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This critical review presents a survey of recent developments in technologies and strategies for the preparation of MIPs, followed by the application of MIPs in sample pretreatment, chromatographic separation and chemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai 264003
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai 264003
- China
| | - Wenhui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai 264003
- China
| | - Xiaqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai 264003
- China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai 264003
- China
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Whitcombe MJ, Kirsch N, Nicholls IA. Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years 2004-2011. J Mol Recognit 2014; 27:297-401. [PMID: 24700625 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a survey of the literature covering the development of molecular imprinting science and technology over the years 2004-2011. In total, 3779 references to the original papers, reviews, edited volumes and monographs from this period are included, along with recently identified uncited materials from prior to 2004, which were omitted in the first instalment of this series covering the years 1930-2003. In the presentation of the assembled references, a section presenting reviews and monographs covering the area is followed by sections describing fundamental aspects of molecular imprinting including the development of novel polymer formats. Thereafter, literature describing efforts to apply these polymeric materials to a range of application areas is presented. Current trends and areas of rapid development are discussed.
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Pang X, Wang K, Cui S. Single-chain mechanics of poly(N-isopropyl-acrylamide) in the water/methanol mixed solvent. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Dan R, Wang Y, Du L, Du S, Huang M, Yang S, Zhang M. The synthesis of molecular imprinted chitosan-gels copolymerized with multiform functional monomers at three different temperatures and the recognition for the template ovalbumin. Analyst 2013; 138:3433-43. [PMID: 23640161 DOI: 10.1039/c3an36930g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared to recognize the template ovalbumin. The graft copolymerization was conducted based on chitosan (CS) and several types of functional monomers, while choosing N,N-methylenebisacrylamide as the cross-linking agent. The influence of the synthesis temperature was investigated. The effect of different kinds of functional monomers was compared and optimized. The properties of the obtained gels were characterized by using the FT-IR spectrometer, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Zeta-meter. The adsorption isotherms of the imprinted chitosan gels were determined and well fitted by a Langmuir model. The maximum theoretical adsorption capacities (Q(max)) was determined to be 9.74 mg g(-1) for the MIP (CS-g-AAm) and 22.94 mg g(-1) for the MIP (CS-g-MAA). Several types of reference protein with different molecular weights and isoelectric points were selected to examine the selectivity of the chitosan based gels. The results implied that the charge effect and the shape memory were the critical factors affecting the rebinding process. Finally, the selectivity for the protein mixture adsorption was evaluated by the high efficiency liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis choosing lysozyme as the competitive protein. These results demonstrate the potential selectivity of the prepared chitosan gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P.R. China
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Sankarakumar N, Tong YW. Proteinadsorption behavior in batch and competitive conditions with nanoparticle surface imprinting. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21830e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Xu L, Pan J, Dai J, Li X, Hang H, Cao Z, Yan Y. Preparation of thermal-responsive magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for selective removal of antibiotics from aqueous solution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 233-234:48-56. [PMID: 22795838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel thermal-responsive magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (TMMIPs), maghemite/silica/poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (γ-Fe(2)O(3)/SiO(2)/P (NIPAm-co-AAm-co-EGDMA)), were developed as a potential effective adsorbent for selectively remove sulfamethazine (SMZ) exist in aquatic environments, which has been recognized as a warranting considerable issue. Free radical polymerization of NIPAm, AAm and EGDMA was performed in dimethyl sulfoxide/water (DMSO/H(2)O) (v/v=9/1) with 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator to coat γ-Fe(2)O(3)/SiO(2)/3-(methacryloxyl) propyl trimethoxysilane (MPS) microspheres through the capture of oligomers with the aid of vinyl groups on their surfaces. The unique aspect of TMMIPs was that they combined molecular recognition, magnetic separation and thermo-responsiveness. The got material was characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR and VSM. Batch mode adsorption studies were carried out to investigate the specific adsorption equilibrium, kinetics, and selective recognition ability of TMMIPs. Reversible recognition and release of template molecule were realized by changing environmental temperatures. Several other antibiotics were selected as model analytes to evaluate the selective recognition performance of TMMIPs. The TMMIPs have good temperature response, selectivity and reusability, making them possible in applying for antibiotics separation and controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longcheng Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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16
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Protein-imprinted materials: rational design, application and challenges. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:2173-83. [PMID: 22367246 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5840-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein imprinting is a promising tool for generating artificial biomimetic receptors with antibody-like specific recognition sites. Recently, protein-imprinted materials, as potential antibody substitutes, have attracted much attention in many fields, for example chemical sensors, chromatographic stationary phases, and artificial enzymes, owing to their long-term storage stability, potential re-usability, resistance to harsh environment, and low cost. In this critical review, we focus our discussion on the rational preparation of protein-imprinted materials in terms of choice of template, functional monomer, crosslinker, and polymerization format. In addition, several highlighted applications of protein-imprinted materials are emphasized, not only in well-known fields but also in some unique fields, for example proteomics and tissue engineering. Finally, we propose challenges arising from the intrinsic properties of protein imprinting, for example obtaining the template, heterogeneous binding, and extrinsic competition, for example immobilized aptamers.
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Kryscio DR, Peppas NA. Critical review and perspective of macromolecularly imprinted polymers. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:461-73. [PMID: 22100344 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular recognition is a fundamental and ubiquitous process that is the driving force behind life. Natural recognition elements - including antibodies, enzymes, nucleic acids, and cells - exploit non-covalent interactions to bind to their targets with exceptionally strong affinities. Due to this unparalleled proficiency, scientists have long sought to mimic natural recognition pathways. One promising approach is molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), which are fully synthetic systems formed via the crosslinking of organic polymers in the presence of a template molecule, which results in stereo-specific binding sites for this analyte of interest. Macromolecularly imprinted polymers, those synthesized in the presence of macromolecule templates (>1500 Da), are of particular importance because they open up the field for a whole new set of robust diagnostic tools. Although the specific recognition of small-molecular-weight analytes is now considered routine, extension of these efficacious procedures to the protein regime has, thus far, proved challenging. This paper reviews the main approaches employed, highlights studies of interest with an emphasis on recent work, and offers suggestions for future success in the field of macromolecularly imprinted polymers.
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Reed JA, Love SA, Lucero AE, Haynes CL, Canavan HE. Effect of polymer deposition method on thermoresponsive polymer films and resulting cellular behavior. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:2281-7. [PMID: 21506526 PMCID: PMC3978603 DOI: 10.1021/la102606k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) or pNIPAM is a thermoresponsive polymer that is widely studied for use in bioengineering applications. The interest in this polymer lies in the polymer's unique capability to undergo a sharp property change near physiological temperature, which aids in the spontaneous release of biological cells from substrates. Currently, there are many methods for depositing pNIPAM onto substrates, including atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and electron beam ionization. Each method yields pNIPAM-coated substrates with different surface characteristics that can influence cell behavior. In this work, we compare two methods of pNIPAM deposition: plasma deposition and codeposition with a sol-gel. The resulting pNIPAM films were analyzed for use as substrates for mammalian cell culture based on surface characterization (XPS, ToF-SIMS, AFM, contact angles), cell attachment/detachment studies, and an analysis of exocytosis function using carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry (CFMA). We find that although both methods are useful for the deposition of functional pNIPAM films, plasma deposition is much preferred for cell-sheet engineering applications because of the films' thermoresponse, minimal change in cell density, and maintenance of supported cell exocytosis function.
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Affiliation(s)
- JA Reed
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico
| | - SA Love
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota
| | - AE Lucero
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico
| | - CL Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota
| | - HE Canavan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico
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Pan J, Hang H, Dai X, Dai J, Huo P, Yan Y. Switched recognition and release ability of temperature responsive molecularly imprinted polymers based on magnetic halloysite nanotubes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32821f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Whitcombe MJ, Chianella I, Larcombe L, Piletsky SA, Noble J, Porter R, Horgan A. The rational development of molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors for protein detection. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:1547-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 569] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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21
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A Thermosensitive Monolithic Column as an Artificial Antibody for the On-line Selective Separation of the Protein. Chemistry 2010; 17:1696-704. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Lee MH, Chen YC, Ho MH, Lin HY. Optical recognition of salivary proteins by use of molecularly imprinted poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol)/quantum dot composite nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:1457-66. [PMID: 20349227 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2009] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have long been studied for applications in biomolecule recognition and binding; compared with natural antibodies, they may offer advantages in cost and stability. We report on the development of MIPs that "self-report" concentrations of bound analytes via fluorescence changes in embedded quantum dots (QDots). Composite QDot/MIPs were prepared using phase inversion of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVAL) solutions with various ethylene mole ratios in the presence of salivary target molecules (e.g. amylase, lipase, and lysozyme). These major protein components of saliva have been implicated as possible biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. The optimum (highest imprinting effectiveness) ethylene mole ratios of the commercially available EVALs were found to be 32, 38, and 44 mol% for the imprinting of amylase, lipase, and lysozyme, respectively. QD fluorescence quenching was observed on binding of analytes to composite MIPs in a concentration-dependent manner, and was used to construct calibration curves. Finally, the composite MIP particles were used for the quantitative detection of amylase, lipase, and lysozyme in real samples (saliva) and compared with a commercial Architect ci 8200 chemical analysis system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan
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