1
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Thermoresponsive phase behavior and nanoscale self-assembly generation in normal and reverse Pluronics®. Colloid Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-022-05039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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2
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The Progress of Non-Viral Materials and Methods for Gene Delivery to Skeletal Muscle. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112428. [DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since Jon A. Wolff found skeletal muscle cells being able to express foreign genes and Russell J. Mumper increased the gene transfection efficiency into the myocytes by adding polymers, skeletal muscles have become a potential gene delivery and expression target. Different methods have been developing to deliver transgene into skeletal muscles. Among them, viral vectors may achieve potent gene delivery efficiency. However, the potential for triggering biosafety risks limited their clinical applications. Therefore, non-viral biomaterial-mediated methods with reliable biocompatibility are promising tools for intramuscular gene delivery in situ. In recent years, a series of advanced non-viral gene delivery materials and related methods have been reported, such as polymers, liposomes, cell penetrating peptides, as well as physical delivery methods. In this review, we summarized the research progresses and challenges in non-viral intramuscular gene delivery materials and related methods, focusing on the achievements and future directions of polymers.
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Kuperkar K, Patel D, Atanase LI, Bahadur P. Amphiphilic Block Copolymers: Their Structures, and Self-Assembly to Polymeric Micelles and Polymersomes as Drug Delivery Vehicles. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4702. [PMID: 36365696 PMCID: PMC9657626 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers display a multiplicity of nanoscale periodic patterns proposed as a dominant tool for the 'bottom-up' fabrication of nanomaterials with different levels of ordering. The present review article focuses on the recent updates to the self-association of amphiphilic block copolymers in aqueous media into varied core-shell morphologies. We briefly describe the block copolymers, their types, microdomain formation in bulk and micellization in selective solvents. We also discuss the characteristic features of block copolymers nanoaggregates viz., polymer micelles (PMs) and polymersomes. Amphiphilic block copolymers (with a variety of hydrophobic blocks and hydrophilic blocks; often polyethylene oxide) self-assemble in water to micelles/niosomes similar to conventional nonionic surfactants with high drug loading capacity. Double hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBCs) made of neutral block-neutral block or neutral block-charged block can transform one block to become hydrophobic under the influence of a stimulus (physical/chemical/biological), and thus induced amphiphilicity and display self-assembly are discussed. Different kinds of polymer micelles (viz. shell and core-cross-linked, core-shell-corona, schizophrenic, crew cut, Janus) are presented in detail. Updates on polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) are also provided. Polyion complexes (PICs) and polyion complex micelles (PICMs) are discussed. Applications of these block copolymeric micelles and polymersomes as nanocarriers in drug delivery systems are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan Kuperkar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchhanath, Surat 395 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Dhruvi Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchhanath, Surat 395 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Leonard Ionut Atanase
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (VNSGU), Surat 395 007, Gujarat, India
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4
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Deng T, Zhang L, Li X, Zink JI, Wu HH. Responsive Nanoparticles to Enable a Focused Ultrasound-Stimulated Magnetic Resonance Imaging Spotlight. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14618-14630. [PMID: 34519214 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been applied as a therapeutic tool in the clinic, and enhanced MRI contrast for depiction of target tissues will improve the precision and applicability of HIFU therapy. This work presents a "spotlight MRI" contrast enhancement technique, which combines four essential components: periodic HIFU stimulation, strong modulation of T1 caused by HIFU, rapid MRI signal collection, and spotlight MRI spectral signal processing. The T1 modulation is enabled by a HIFU-responsive nanomaterial based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles with Pluronic polymers (Poloxamers) and MRI contrast agents attached. With periodic HIFU stimulation in a precisely defined region containing the nanomaterial, strong periodic MRI T1-weighted signal changes are generated. Rapid MRI signal collection of the periodic signal changes is realized by a rapid dynamic 3D MRI technique, and spotlight MRI spectral signal processing creates modulation enhancement maps (MEM) that suppress background signal and spotlight the spatial location with nanomaterials experiencing HIFU stimulation. In particular, a framework is presented to analyze the trade-offs between different parameter choices for the signal processing method. The optimal parameter choices under a specific experimental setting achieved MRI contrast enhancement of more than 2 orders of magnitude at the HIFU focal point, compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California Nano Systems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xinzhou Li
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jeffrey I Zink
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California Nano Systems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Holden H Wu
- California Nano Systems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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5
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Le Guen YT, Le Gall T, Midoux P, Guégan P, Braun S, Montier T. Gene transfer to skeletal muscle using hydrodynamic limb vein injection: current applications, hurdles and possible optimizations. J Gene Med 2020; 22:e3150. [PMID: 31785130 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrodynamic limb vein injection is an in vivo locoregional gene delivery method. It consists of administrating a large volume of solution containing nucleic acid constructs in a limb with both blood inflow and outflow temporarily blocked using a tourniquet. The fast, high pressure delivery allows the musculature of the whole limb to be reached. The skeletal muscle is a tissue of choice for a variety of gene transfer applications, including gene therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy or other myopathies, as well as for the production of antibodies or other proteins with broad therapeutic effects. Hydrodynamic limb vein delivery has been evaluated with success in a large range of animal models. It has also proven to be safe and well-tolerated in muscular dystrophy patients, thus supporting its translation to the clinic. However, some possible limitations may occur at different steps of the delivery process. Here, we have highlighted the interests, bottlenecks and potential improvements that could further optimize non-viral gene transfer following hydrodynamic limb vein injection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tony Le Gall
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France
| | - Patrick Midoux
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Université d'Orléans, France
| | - Philippe Guégan
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8232, UPMC Paris 06, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Serge Braun
- AFM Telethon, 1 rue de l'Internationale, BP59, 91002 Evry, France
| | - Tristan Montier
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France.,Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, Centre de référence des maladies rares 'Maladies neuromusculaires', CHRU de Brest, F-29200, Brest, France
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6
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Rasolonjatovo B, Illy N, Bennevault V, Mathé J, Midoux P, Le Gall T, Haudebourg T, Montier T, Lehn P, Pitard B, Cheradame H, Huin C, Guégan P. Temperature‐Sensitive Amphiphilic Non‐Ionic Triblock Copolymers for Enhanced In Vivo Skeletal Muscle Transfection. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e1900276. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bazoly Rasolonjatovo
- LAMBE, CNRS, Université Evry, CEAUniversité Paris–Saclay 91025 Evry France
- LAMBE, UCPUniversité Paris–Seine 91025 Evry France
| | - Nicolas Illy
- Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Sorbonne Université 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Véronique Bennevault
- Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Sorbonne Université 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
- Université Evry 91025 Evry France
| | - Jérôme Mathé
- LAMBE, CNRS, Université Evry, CEAUniversité Paris–Saclay 91025 Evry France
- LAMBE, UCPUniversité Paris–Seine 91025 Evry France
| | - Patrick Midoux
- Centre de Biophysique MoléculaireCNRS UPR4301 45071 Orléans Cedex 02 France
| | - Tony Le Gall
- Groupe – Transfert de Gènes et Thérapie Génique, UMR 1078 – Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et BiotechnologiesUniversité de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest 22 Avenue Camille Desmoulins 29238 Brest Cedex France
| | - Thomas Haudebourg
- CRCINA, INSERMUniversity of Angers, University of Nantes 49000 and 44000 Nantes France
| | - Tristan Montier
- Groupe – Transfert de Gènes et Thérapie Génique, UMR 1078 – Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et BiotechnologiesUniversité de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest 22 Avenue Camille Desmoulins 29238 Brest Cedex France
| | - Pierre Lehn
- Groupe – Transfert de Gènes et Thérapie Génique, UMR 1078 – Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et BiotechnologiesUniversité de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest 22 Avenue Camille Desmoulins 29238 Brest Cedex France
| | - Bruno Pitard
- CRCINA, INSERMUniversity of Angers, University of Nantes 49000 and 44000 Nantes France
| | - Herve Cheradame
- LAMBE, CNRS, Université Evry, CEAUniversité Paris–Saclay 91025 Evry France
- LAMBE, UCPUniversité Paris–Seine 91025 Evry France
| | - Cécile Huin
- Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Sorbonne Université 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
- Université Evry 91025 Evry France
| | - Philippe Guégan
- Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Sorbonne Université 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
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7
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Leborgne C, Alimi-Guez D, El Shafey N, van Wittenberghe L, Bigey P, Scherman D, Kichler A. The absorption enhancer sodium deoxycholate promotes high gene transfer in skeletal muscles. Int J Pharm 2017; 523:291-299. [PMID: 28315384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gene delivery to skeletal muscle is a promising strategy for the treatment of muscle disorders and for the systemic secretion of therapeutic proteins. In addition, muscle is an attractive target tissue because it is easily accessible. However, very few synthetic vectors proved capable of surpassing naked DNA mediated muscle gene transfer. In fact, only neutral copolymers, in particular poloxamers, demonstrated capacities to increase transgene expression in skeletal muscles. Here, we studied in vitro and in vivo behaviour of different bile salts. We report that sodium deoxycholate (DOC) and derivatives thereof increase after intramuscular injection by more than 100-fold the levels of the reporter gene luciferase compared to naked DNA. Using a LacZ expression cassette, we found that more than 20% of the muscle fibers expressed the reporter gene. Prolonged expression of a secreted reporter gene derived from a natural murine alkaline phosphatase enzyme could be documented. Altogether, our results demonstrate that bile salts belong to the most efficient chemicals identified so far for skeletal muscle gene transfer. Importantly, since these compounds are naturally found in the body, there is no risk of immune response against them and in addition several bile salts are already used in human medicine. Bile salt mediated muscle gene transfer may thus have broad applications in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nelly El Shafey
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé, CNRS UMR8258 - Inserm U1022 - Université Paris Descartes, Chimie ParisTech, 75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Pascal Bigey
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé, CNRS UMR8258 - Inserm U1022 - Université Paris Descartes, Chimie ParisTech, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Scherman
- Genethon, BP60, 91002 Evry cedex, France; Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé, CNRS UMR8258 - Inserm U1022 - Université Paris Descartes, Chimie ParisTech, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Kichler
- Genethon, BP60, 91002 Evry cedex, France; Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé, CNRS UMR8258 - Inserm U1022 - Université Paris Descartes, Chimie ParisTech, 75006 Paris, France; Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives UMR7199 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg, LabEx Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67401 Illkirch, France.
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8
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Li X, Ye X, Qi J, Fan R, Gao X, Wu Y, Zhou L, Tong A, Guo G. EGF and curcumin co-encapsulated nanoparticle/hydrogel system as potent skin regeneration agent. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3993-4009. [PMID: 27574428 PMCID: PMC4993277 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s104350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex multifactorial process that relies on coordinated signaling molecules to succeed. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a mitogenic polypeptide that stimulates wound repair; however, precise control over its application is necessary to reduce the side effects and achieve desired therapeutic benefits. Moreover, the extensive oxidative stress during the wound healing process generally inhibits repair of the injured tissues. Topical applications of antioxidants like curcumin (Cur) could protect tissues from oxidative damage and significantly improve tissue remodeling. To achieve much accelerated wound healing effects, we designed a novel dual drug co-loaded in situ gel-forming nanoparticle/hydrogel system (EGF-Cur-NP/H) which acted not only as a supportive matrix for the regenerative tissue, but also as a sustained drug depot for EGF and Cur. In the established excisional full-thickness wound model, EGF-Cur-NP/H treatment significantly enhanced wound closure through increasing granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis, relative to normal saline, nanoparticle/hydrogel (NP/H), Cur-NP/H, and EGF-NP/H treated groups. In conclusion, this study provides a biocompatible in situ gel-forming system for efficient topical application of EGF and Cur in the landscape of tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianlong Ye
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Qi
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rangrang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunzhou Wu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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9
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Herzberger J, Niederer K, Pohlit H, Seiwert J, Worm M, Wurm FR, Frey H. Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide, Propylene Oxide, and Other Alkylene Oxides: Synthesis, Novel Polymer Architectures, and Bioconjugation. Chem Rev 2015; 116:2170-243. [PMID: 26713458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The review summarizes current trends and developments in the polymerization of alkylene oxides in the last two decades since 1995, with a particular focus on the most important epoxide monomers ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO), and butylene oxide (BO). Classical synthetic pathways, i.e., anionic polymerization, coordination polymerization, and cationic polymerization of epoxides (oxiranes), are briefly reviewed. The main focus of the review lies on more recent and in some cases metal-free methods for epoxide polymerization, i.e., the activated monomer strategy, the use of organocatalysts, such as N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) as well as phosphazene bases. In addition, the commercially relevant double-metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst systems are discussed. Besides the synthetic progress, new types of multifunctional linear PEG (mf-PEG) and PPO structures accessible by copolymerization of EO or PO with functional epoxide comonomers are presented as well as complex branched, hyperbranched, and dendrimer like polyethers. Amphiphilic block copolymers based on PEO and PPO (Poloxamers and Pluronics) and advances in the area of PEGylation as the most important bioconjugation strategy are also summarized. With the ever growing toolbox for epoxide polymerization, a "polyether universe" may be envisaged that in its structural diversity parallels the immense variety of structural options available for polymers based on vinyl monomers with a purely carbon-based backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Herzberger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Niederer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hannah Pohlit
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Graduate Center , Staudingerweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center , Langenbeckstraße 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Seiwert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Worm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Graduate Center , Staudingerweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Max Planck Graduate Center , Staudingerweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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10
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Pu L, Geng Y, Liu S, Chen J, Luo K, Wang G, Gu Z. Electroneutralized amphiphilic triblock copolymer with a peptide dendron for efficient muscular gene delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:15344-15351. [PMID: 25123058 DOI: 10.1021/am503808b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic triblock copolymers, such as Pluronic L64, P85, and P105, have attracted more attention due to their enhancement in muscular gene delivery. In the present study, a new kind of electroneutralized triblock copolymer, LPL, dendron G2(L-lysine-Boc)-PEG2k-dendron G2(L-lysine-Boc), was designed and investigated. This hydrophobic-hydrophilic-hydrophobic copolymer is composed of a structure reverse to that of L64, one of the most effective materials for intramuscular gene delivery so far. Our results showed that LPL exhibited good in vivo biocompatibility after intramuscular and intravenous administration. LPL mediated higher reporter gene expression than L64 in assays of β-galactosidase (LacZ), luciferase, and fluorescent protein E2-Crimson. Furthermore, LPL-mediated mouse growth hormone expression significantly accelerated mouse growth within the first 10 days. Altogether, LPL-mediated gene expression in skeletal muscle exhibits the potential of successful gene therapy. The current study also presented an innovative way to design and construct new electroneutralized triblock copolymers for safe and effective intramuscular gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Pu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064, China
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11
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Zhang J, Bae S, Lee JS, Webb K. Efficacy and mechanism of poloxamine-assisted polyplex transfection. J Gene Med 2014; 15:271-81. [PMID: 23813893 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amphiphilic block copolymers acting as biological response modifiers provide an attractive approach for improving the transfection efficiency of polycationic polymer/DNA complexes (polyplexes) by altering cellular processes crucial for efficient transgene expression. METHODS The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the poloxamine Tetronic T904, a four-arm polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide block copolymer, on polyplex transfection and to determine its mechanism of action by analyzing the cellular uptake of polyplex, the nuclear localization of plasmid and RNA transcript production. RESULTS T904 significantly increased the transfection efficiency of polyplexes based on 25-kDa branched polyethylenimine in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of serum in C6 glioma cells, as well as human fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells. The activity of T904 was not promoter-dependent, increasing the expression of reporter genes under both cytomegalovirus and SV40 promoters. Although T904 did not affect the internalization or nuclear uptake of plasmid, mRNA expression levels from both promoters showed dose-dependent increases that closely paralleled increases in gene expression. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that T904 significantly increases polyplex transfection efficiency and suggests a mechanism of increased transcriptional activity. As a four-arm, hydroxyl-terminated polymer, T904 is amenable to a variety of end group functionalization and covalent cross-linking strategies that have been developed for preparing hydrogels from multi-arm polyethylene glycol, making it particularly attractive for scaffold-mediated gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Zhang
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
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