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Prinčič G, Omahen B, Jelen J, Gruden E, Tavčar G, Iskra J. Chloroimidazolium Deoxyfluorination Reagent with H 2F 3- Anion as a Sole Fluoride Source. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10557-10561. [PMID: 39008626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
In the study, we introduce an air-stable NHC-based deoxyfluorination reagent ImCl[H2F3], offering a promising avenue for deoxyfluorination across various substrates. Reagent efficiently fluorinates benzyl alcohols, carboxylic acids, and P(V) compounds without external fluoride sources. A mechanistic study reveals a two-step process involving benzyl chloride as an intermediate, shedding light on the two-step reaction pathway. The Hammet plot provides insights into reaction mechanisms with different substrates, enhancing our understanding of this versatile deoxyfluorination method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griša Prinčič
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Blaž Omahen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jan Jelen
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, "Jožef Stefan" Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Evelin Gruden
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, "Jožef Stefan" Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gašper Tavčar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, "Jožef Stefan" Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jernej Iskra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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2
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Yang JH, Lee J, Kwon H, Sohn EH, Chang H, Jang S. High Glass Transition Temperature Fluorinated Polymers Based on Transfer Learning with Small Experimental Data. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2400161. [PMID: 38794832 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Machine learning can be used to predict the properties of polymers and explore vast chemical spaces. However, the limited number of available experimental datasets hinders the enhancement of the predictive performance of a model. This study proposes a machine learning approach that leverages transfer learning and ensemble modeling to efficiently predict the glass transition temperature (Tg) of fluorinated polymers and guide the design of high Tg copolymers. Initially, the quantum machine 9 (QM9) dataset is employed for model pretraining, thus providing robust molecular representations for the subsequent fine-tuning of a specialized copolymer dataset. Ensemble modeling is used to further enhance prediction robustness and reliability, effectively addressing the problems owing to the limited and unevenly distributed nature of the copolymer dataset. Finally, a fine-tuned ensemble model is used to navigate a vast chemical space comprising 61 monomers and identify promising candidates for high Tg fluorinated polymers. The model predicts 247 entries capable of achieving a Tg over 390 K, of which 14 are experimentally validated. This study demonstrates the potential of machine learning in material design and discovery, highlighting the effectiveness of transfer learning and ensemble modeling strategies for overcoming the challenges posed by small datasets in complex copolymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hoon Yang
- Chemical Data-Driven Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Interface Materials and Engineering Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hajin Kwon
- Interface Materials and Engineering Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ho Sohn
- Interface Materials and Engineering Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Chang
- Chemical Data-Driven Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Jang
- Chemical Data-Driven Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
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3
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Liu H, Zhang L, Wu Y, Ding W, Liu Y, Zhao S, Gu J. Research on the Influence of Core Sensing Components on the Performance of Galvanic Dissolved Oxygen Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4155. [PMID: 39000933 PMCID: PMC11243800 DOI: 10.3390/s24134155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The galvanic dissolved oxygen sensor finds widespread applications in multiple critical fields due to its high precision and excellent stability. As its core sensing components, the oxygen-permeable membrane, electrode, and electrolyte significantly impact the sensor's performance. To systematically investigate the comprehensive effects of these core sensing components on the performance of galvanic dissolved oxygen sensors, this study selected six types of oxygen-permeable membranes made from two materials (Perfluoroalkoxy Polymer (PFA) and Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene Copolymer (FEP)) with three thicknesses (0.015 mm, 0.03 mm, and 0.05 mm). Additionally, five concentrations of KCl electrolyte were configured, and four different proportions of lead-tin alloy electrodes were chosen. Single-factor and crossover experiments were conducted using the OxyGuard dissolved oxygen sensor as the experimental platform. The experimental results indicate that under the same membrane thickness conditions, PFA membranes provide a higher output voltage compared to FEP membranes. Moreover, the oxygen permeability of FEP membranes is more significantly affected by temperature. Furthermore, the oxygen permeability of the membrane is inversely proportional to its thickness; the thinner the membrane, the better the oxygen permeability, resulting in a corresponding increase in sensor output voltage. When the membrane thickness is reduced from 0.05 mm to 0.015 mm, the sensor output voltage for PFA and FEP membranes increases by 86% and 74.91%, respectively. However, this study also observed that excessively thin membranes might compromise measurement accuracy. In a saturated, dissolved oxygen environment, the sensor output voltage corresponding to the six oxygen-permeable membranes used in the experiment exhibits a highly linear inverse relationship with temperature (correlation coefficient ≥ 98%). Meanwhile, the lead-tin ratio of the electrode and electrolyte concentration have a relatively minor impact on the sensor output voltage, demonstrating good stability at different temperatures (coefficient of variation ≤ 0.78%). In terms of response time, it is directly proportional to the thickness of the oxygen-permeable membrane, especially for PFA membranes. When the thickness increases from 0.015 mm to 0.05 mm, the response time extends by up to 2033.33%. In contrast, the electrode material and electrolyte concentration have a less significant effect on response time. To further validate the practical value of the experimental results, the best-performing combination of core sensing components from the experiments was selected to construct a new dissolved oxygen sensor. A performance comparison test was conducted between this new sensor and the OxyGuard dissolved oxygen sensor. The results showed that both sensors had the same response time (49 s). However, in an anaerobic environment, the OxyGuard sensor demonstrated slightly higher accuracy by 2.44%. This study not only provides a deep analysis of the combined effects of oxygen-permeable membranes, electrodes, and electrolytes on the performance of galvanic dissolved oxygen sensors but also offers scientific evidence and practical guidance for optimizing sensor design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiabing Gu
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China; (H.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.D.); (Y.L.); (S.Z.)
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4
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Onoue T, Hori S, Tomimatsu Y, Rigo M. A dilute sodium hydroxide technique for radiolarian extraction from cherts. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12831. [PMID: 38886453 PMCID: PMC11183093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiolarians have been used to determine geological ages and have contributed markedly to our understanding of Earth's history. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) has traditionally been used to extract radiolarian fossils from siliceous deposits (i.e., radiolarian cherts), but this acid is strictly regulated because of environmental and human health concerns. Here we report on the successful extraction of radiolarians from cherts using a low-concentration NaOH solution (1 mol/L NaOH) as an alternative to HF. The degree of chert dissolution in NaOH is strongly temperature-dependent and is limited at < 80 °C. However, even a 1 mol/L NaOH solution is sufficient to dissolve chert at 100 °C. Our new NaOH method yields better-preserved radiolarian fossils compared with the conventional HF method. The 1 mol/L NaOH solution is less hazardous, easier to handle, and has fewer effects on the environment and human health than HF. Therefore, this method can be widely used for research and teaching purposes in studies of radiolarian fossils, even in institutions where HF cannot be used owing to chemical restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Onoue
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Sakiko Hori
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuki Tomimatsu
- Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Manuel Rigo
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- IGG-CNR, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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5
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Coutouly C, Mortensen K, van Ruymbeke E, Fustin CA. Low Tg, strongly segregated, ABA triblock copolymers: a rheological and structural study. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:4102-4110. [PMID: 38712674 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00025k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
ABA triblock copolymers can form microphase separated structures where the B blocks form bridges between A domains, leading to reversible networks interesting for a variety of applications such as pressure sensitive adhesives or thermoplastic elastomers. However, a major drawback of these systems is their rapid loss of mechanical properties upon temperature increase. A potential way to circumvent this limitation would be to design ABA triblock copolymers that keep their microphase separation at high temperatures. In this paper, we report on all-soft ABA triblock copolymers having a poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA) central block and poly(heptafluorobutyl acrylate) (PHFBA) outer blocks. By introducing fluorinated units, the incompatibility between the blocks is largely increased, allowing strong segregation between the block domains, which preserve the microphase separation up to high temperatures despite the low glass transition temperature of the blocks, as shown by temperature dependent SAXS measurements. We study the properties of different copolymers, with similar PHFBA volume fractions but different block lengths. Linear shear rheology measurements revealed the presence of a second, low frequency, plateau whose onset and length depend on the PnBA and PHFBA length, respectively. This plateau also persists up to higher temperatures for longer PHFBA blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Coutouly
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1 & Place Croix du Sud 1, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium.
| | - Kell Mortensen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Evelyne van Ruymbeke
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1 & Place Croix du Sud 1, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium.
| | - Charles-André Fustin
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1 & Place Croix du Sud 1, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium.
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6
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Dalmijn J, Glüge J, Scheringer M, Cousins IT. Emission inventory of PFASs and other fluorinated organic substances for the fluoropolymer production industry in Europe. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:269-287. [PMID: 38231136 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00426k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Fluoropolymers are a group of fluorinated polymers within the broad class of substances known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). During their production, a wide array of additional fluorinated organic substances (many PFASs and some not defined as PFASs) are used, formed and emitted to air and water. This study aims to assess, and make an inventory of, all emissions of PFASs and other fluorinated organic substances by the fluoropolymer production industry in Europe using available emission databases and permits. Air emissions of the fluorinated gases (i.e., chlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons (CFCs, H(C)FCs and PFCs)) by this industry have reportedly decreased between 2007 and 2021 from roughly 500 to 150 tonnes per year. Emissions of fluorosurfactants to air and water have also been reduced significantly. However, large uncertainties remain regarding the emissions of substances that are neither fluorinated gases nor fluorosurfactants but are classified as PFASs, such as polymerization by-products, chain transfer agents and fluorinated solvents. The available data indicate that the release of these substances is not decreasing but remains relatively stable. As this inventory probably underestimates emissions, further research, improved data availability and more harmonized reporting of emissions are necessary to obtain more accurate emission data for these substances. Nevertheless, based on the available data, it is clear that the emissions from fluoropolymer production plants to air and water are still significant and that the production of fluoropolymers continues to introduce persistent substances to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Dalmijn
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Juliane Glüge
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Scheringer
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ian T Cousins
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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7
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Skedung L, Savvidou E, Schellenberger S, Reimann A, Cousins IT, Benskin JP. Identification and quantification of fluorinated polymers in consumer products by combustion ion chromatography and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:82-93. [PMID: 38099738 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00438d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Total fluorine was determined in 45 consumer product samples from the Swedish market which were either suspected or known to contain fluorinated polymers. Product categories included cookware (70-550 000 ppm F), textiles (10-1600 ppm F), electronics (20-2100 ppm F), and personal care products (10-630 000 ppm F). To confirm that the fluorine was organic in nature, and deduce structure, a qualitative pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (pyr-GC/MS) method was validated using a suite of reference materials. When applied to samples with unknown PFAS content, the method was successful at identifying polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in cookware, dental products, and electronics at concentrations as low as 0.1-0.2 wt%. It was also possible to distinguish between 3 different side-chain fluorinated polymers in textiles. Several products appeared to contain high levels of inorganic fluorine. This is one of the few studies to quantify fluorine in a wide range of consumer plastics and provides important data on the concentration of fluorine in materials which may be intended for recycling, along with insights into the application of pyr-GC/MS for structural elucidation of fluorinated polymers in consumer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Skedung
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Department Materials and Surface Design, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Eleni Savvidou
- Stockholm University, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Steffen Schellenberger
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Unit Environment and Sustainable Chemistry, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Reimann
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Department Materials and Surface Design, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ian T Cousins
- Stockholm University, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jonathan P Benskin
- Stockholm University, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm, Sweden.
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8
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Améduri B. Fluoropolymers as Unique and Irreplaceable Materials: Challenges and Future Trends in These Specific Per or Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances. Molecules 2023; 28:7564. [PMID: 38005292 PMCID: PMC10675016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to some low-molar-mass per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which are well established to be toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and mobile, fluoropolymers (FPs) are water-insoluble, safe, bioinert, and durable. These niche high-performance polymers fulfil the 13 polymer-of-low-concern (PLC) criteria in their recommended conditions of use. In addition, more recent innovations (e.g., the use of non-fluorinated surfactants in aqueous radical (co)polymerization of fluoroalkenes) from industrial manufacturers of FPs are highlighted. This review also aims to show how these specialty polymers endowed with outstanding properties are essential (even irreplaceable, since hydrocarbon polymer alternatives used in similar conditions fail) for our daily life (electronics, energy, optics, internet of things, transportation, etc.) and constitute a special family separate from other "conventional" C1-C10 PFASs found everywhere on Earth and its oceans. Furthermore, some information reports on their recycling (e.g., the unzipping depolymerization of polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE, into TFE), end-of-life FPs, and their risk assessment, circular economy, and regulations. Various studies are devoted to environments involving FPs, though they present a niche volume (with a yearly production of 330,300 t) compared to all plastics (with 460 million t). Complementary to other reviews on PFASs, which lack of such above data, this review presents both fundamental and applied strategies as evidenced by major FP producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Améduri
- Institute Charles Gerhardt, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France
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9
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Dou J, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhi L, Shen J, Wang G. Surface Activity, Wetting, and Aggregation of a Perfluoropolyether Quaternary Ammonium Salt Surfactant with a Hydroxyethyl Group. Molecules 2023; 28:7151. [PMID: 37894630 PMCID: PMC10608880 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the synthesis of a novel quaternary surfactant containing a hydroxyethyl group (PFPE-C) and the surface properties of its aqueous solution (investigated by comparisons with two structurally similar chemicals, dodecyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)-dimethylammonium chloride (DHDAC) and PFPE-A). The minimum surface tension (γCMC) and critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the PFPE-C aqueous solution were 17.35 mN/m and 0.024 mmol/L, respectively. This study confirms that surfactants containing hydroxyethyl groups efficiently reduce the surface tension of aqueous solutions, and fluorocarbon surfactants exhibit better surface activity than ordinary hydrocarbon surfactants with similar structures. The micellization, aggregation, air-water interfacial adsorption, and wettability of PFPE-C aqueous solutions have been systematically investigated. Highly concentrated PFPE-C aqueous solutions exhibit good wettability on PTFE and paraffin films. Moreover, the aggregates of PFPE-C in the aqueous solution were clearly seen as vesicles on Cryo-TEM micrographs. Primary biodegradation results indicate that 19% of PFPC-C can be degraded within one week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxun Dou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.D.); (J.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Jiaoyan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.D.); (J.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.D.); (J.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lifei Zhi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.D.); (J.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Jixian Shen
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, China;
| | - Guoyong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.D.); (J.L.); (L.Z.)
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10
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Xiong K, Wang Z, Liu R, Nie H, Yan QL. Probing on Mutual Interaction Mechanisms of the Ingredients of Al/CuO/PVDF Nanocomposites. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13850-13862. [PMID: 37733638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, several binary and ternary metastable intermixed nanocomposites Al/CuO, Al/PVDF, CuO/PVDF, and Al/CuO/PVDF have been prepared by simple mechanical mixing and ball milling followed by spray drying methods. In this way, the interfacial structure could be well tuned and compared in terms of reactivity. The nonisothermal DSC curves results showed that the exothermic reaction of Al/CuO/PVDF could be divided into three steps. In addition, it has been shown that for the same formulation, the reaction efficiency, pressurization capacity, and thermal reactivity are greatly dependent on the interfacial structure. As a typical example, composite Al@PVDF/CuO, where Al is fully covered with PVDF, exhibited a higher energy release of 10.7 kJ·cm-3 and pressurization rates of 22.79 MPa·s-1·g-1. The reaction between Al and PVDF has been facilitated in both extent of reaction and efficiency due to their intimate contact. Based on the thermal analysis, condensed combustion product analysis, and gaseous phase identification, the mutual reaction mechanisms of Al/CuO/PVDF have been proposed. The most likely reactions that occurred at each stage of the reaction are summarized, providing insight into the complicated underlying mechanisms. It shows that the regulation of energy release rates and improved efficiency could be easily realized by predesigned interfacial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Xiong
- Science and Technology on Combustion, Internal Flow and Thermo-structure Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zikangping Wang
- Science and Technology on Combustion, Internal Flow and Thermo-structure Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Science and Technology on Combustion, Internal Flow and Thermo-structure Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Hongqi Nie
- Science and Technology on Combustion, Internal Flow and Thermo-structure Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Qi-Long Yan
- Science and Technology on Combustion, Internal Flow and Thermo-structure Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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11
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Koguchi R, Jankova K, Tanaka Y, Yamamoto A, Murakami D, Yang Q, Ameduri B, Tanaka M. Altering the bio-inert properties of surfaces by fluorinated copolymers of mPEGMA. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213573. [PMID: 37562157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic materials display "bio-inert properties", meaning that they are less recognized as foreign substances by proteins and cells. Such materials are often water soluble; therefore, one general approach to enable the use of these materials in various applications deals with copolymerizing hydrophilic monomers with hydrophobic ones to facilitate such resulting copolymers water insoluble. However, reducing the hydrophilic monomer amount may reduce the bio-inert properties of the material. The decrease in bio-inert properties can be avoided when small amounts of fluorine are used in copolymers with hydrophilic monomers, as presented in this article. Even in small quantities (7.9 wt%), the fluorinated monomer, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl 2-fluoroacrylate (FAHFiP), contributed to the improved hydrophobicity of the polymers of the long side-chain poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (mPEGMA) bearing nine ethylene glycol units turning them water insoluble. As evidenced by the AFM deformation image, a phase separation between the FAHFiP and mPEGMA domains was observed. The copolymer with the highest amount of the fluorinated monomer (66.2 wt%) displayed also high (82 %) FAHFiP amount at the polymer-water interface. In contrast, the hydrated sample with the lowest FAHFiP/highest mPEGMA amount was enriched of three times more hydrophilic domains at the polymer-water interface compared to that of the sample with the highest FAHFiP content. Thus, by adding a small FAHFiP amount to mPEGMA copolymers, water insoluble in the bulk too, could be turned highly hydrophilic at the water interface. The high content of intermediate water contributed to their excellent bio-inert properties. Platelet adhesion and fibrinogen adsorption on their surfaces were even more decreased as compared to those on poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate), which is typically used in medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Koguchi
- AGC Inc. Organic Materials Division, Materials Integration Laboratories, 1-1 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Katja Jankova
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Build. 375, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yukiko Tanaka
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Aki Yamamoto
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daiki Murakami
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Qizhi Yang
- University of Montpellier, ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Ameduri
- University of Montpellier, ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, 34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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12
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Zhang W, Liang Y. The wide presence of fluorinated compounds in common chemical products and the environment: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:108393-108410. [PMID: 37775629 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30033-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The C-F bonds, due to their many unique features, have been incorporated into numerous compounds in countless products and applications. These fluorinated compounds eventually are disposed of and released into the environment through different pathways. In this review, we analyzed the occurrence of these fluorinated compounds in seven types of products (i.e., refrigerants/propellants, aqueous film-forming foam, cosmetics, food packaging, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, coating materials) and discussed their fate in the environment. This is followed by describing the quantity of fluorinated compounds from each source based on available data. Total on- and off-site disposal or other releases of 536 fluorinated compounds in 2021 were analyzed using the data sourced from the U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). Among the chemicals examined, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) were the primary contributors in terms of total mass. Upon examining the seven sources of fluorinated compounds, it became evident that additional contributors are also responsible for the presence of organofluorine compounds in the environment. Although various toxic degradation products of fluorinated compounds could form in the environment, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was specifically highlighted in this review given the fact that it is a common dead-end degradation product of > 1 million chemicals. This paper ended with a discussion of several questions raised from this study. The path forward was elaborated as well for the purpose of protecting the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
- , Albany, USA.
| | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
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13
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Bonnefoy C, Panossian A, Hanquet G, Leroux FR, Toulgoat F, Billard T. Comprehensive Study and Development of a Metal-Free and Mild Nucleophilic Trifluoromethoxylation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301513. [PMID: 37278564 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Among the general interest in fluorinated compounds, trifluoromethoxylated molecules play a specific role. However, despite this interest, the development of efficient reagents to perform trifluoromethoxylation reactions remains a challenge. Here, 2,4-dinitro-trifluoromethoxybenzene (DNTFB) is used as a trifluoromethoxylating reagent to perform nucleophilic substitution under mild metal-free conditions with different leaving groups, including direct dehydroxytrifluoromethoxylation. A mechanistic study rationalized the reaction and subsequently proposed only three reaction conditions, depending on the reactivity of the starting substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Bonnefoy
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS - UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Armen Panossian
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gilles Hanquet
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric R Leroux
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Toulgoat
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS - UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France
- CPE Lyon, Campus LyonTech-La Doua, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS - UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France
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14
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Bagryantseva I, Ponomareva V, Kungurtsev Y. High-Conductive CsH 2PO 4 Membranes with PVDF-Based Polymers Additives. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:617. [PMID: 37504983 PMCID: PMC10385413 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The study is devoted to one of the important problems of hydrogen energy-the comparative analysis and creation of novel highly conductive and durable medium-temperature proton membranes based on cesium dihydrogen phosphate and fluoropolymers. The proton conductivity, structural characteristics and mechanical properties of (1 - x)CsH2PO4-x fluoropolymer electrolytes (x-mass fraction, x = 0-0.3) have been investigated and analyzed. UPTFE and PVDF-based polymers (F2M, F42, and SKF26) with high thermal stability and mechanical properties have been chosen as polymer additives. The used fluoropolymers are shown to be chemical inert matrices for CsH2PO4. According to the XRD data, a monoclinic CsH2PO4 (P21/m) phase was retained in all of the polymer electrolytes studied. Highly conductive and mechanically strong composite membranes with thicknesses of ~50-100 μm were obtained for the soluble fluoropolymers (F2M, F42, and SKF26). The size and shape of CsH2PO4 particles and their distribution have been shown to significantly affect proton conductivity and the mechanical properties of the membranes. The thin-film polymer systems with uniform distributions of salt particles (up to ~300 nm) were produced via the use of different methods. The best results were achieved via the pretreatment of the suspension in a bead mill. The ability of the membranes to resist plastic deformation increases with the growth of the polymer content in comparison with the pure CsH2PO4, and the values of the mechanical strength characteristics are comparable to the best low-temperature polymer membranes. The proton-conducting membranes (1 - x)CsH2PO4-x fluoropolymer with the optimal combination of the conductivity and mechanical and hydrophobic properties are promising for use in solid acid fuel cells and other medium-temperature electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Bagryantseva
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentina Ponomareva
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuri Kungurtsev
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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15
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Rensmo A, Savvidou EK, Cousins IT, Hu X, Schellenberger S, Benskin JP. Lithium-ion battery recycling: a source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to the environment? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1015-1030. [PMID: 37195252 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00511e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Recycling of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a rapidly growing industry, which is vital to address the increasing demand for metals, and to achieve a sustainable circular economy. Relatively little information is known about the environmental risks posed by LIB recycling, in particular with regards to the emission of persistent (in)organic fluorinated chemicals. Here we present an overview on the use of fluorinated substances - in particular per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) - in state-of-the-art LIBs, along with recycling conditions which may lead to their formation and/or release to the environment. Both organic and inorganic fluorinated substances are widely reported in LIB components, including the electrodes and binder, electrolyte (and additives), and separator. Among the most common substances are LiPF6 (an electrolyte salt), and the polymeric PFAS polyvinylidene fluoride (used as an electrode binder and a separator). Currently the most common LIB recycling process involves pyrometallurgy, which operates at high temperatures (up to 1600 °C), sufficient for PFAS mineralization. However, hydrometallurgy, an increasingly popular alternative recycling approach, operates under milder temperatures (<600 °C), which could favor incomplete degradation and/or formation and release of persistent fluorinated substances. This is supported by the wide range of fluorinated substances detected in bench-scale LIB recycling experiments. Overall, this review highlights the need to further investigate emissions of fluorinated substances during LIB recycling and suggests that substitution of PFAS-based materials (i.e. during manufacturing), or alternatively post-treatments and/or changes in process conditions may be required to avoid formation and emission of persistent fluorinated substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rensmo
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Environment and Sustainable Chemistry Unit, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Stockholm University, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eleni K Savvidou
- Stockholm University, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ian T Cousins
- Stockholm University, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xianfeng Hu
- SWERIM AB, Aronstorpsvägen 1, SE-974 37 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Steffen Schellenberger
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Environment and Sustainable Chemistry Unit, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jonathan P Benskin
- Stockholm University, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Kungurtsev Y, Bagryantseva I, Ponomareva V. Copolymer of VDF/TFE as a Promising Polymer Additive for CsH 2PO 4-Based Composite Electrolytes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050520. [PMID: 37233581 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The composite polymer electrolytes (1-x)CsH2PO4-xF-2M (x = 0-0.3) have been first synthesized and their electrotransport, structural, and mechanical properties were investigated in detail by impedance, FTIR spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods. The structure of CsH2PO4 (P21/m) with salt dispersion is retained in the polymer electrolytes. The FTIR and PXRD data are consistent, showing no chemical interaction between the components in the polymer systems, but the salt dispersion is due to a weak interface interaction. The close to uniform distribution of the particles and their agglomerates is observed. The obtained polymer composites are suitable for making thin highly conductive films (60-100 μm) with high mechanical strength. The proton conductivity of the polymer membranes up to x = 0.05-0.1 is close to the pure salt. The further polymers addition up to x = 0.25 results in a significant decrease in the superproton conductivity due to the percolation effect. Despite a decrease, the conductivity values at 180-250 °C remain high enough to enable the use of (1-x)CsH2PO4-xF-2M as a proton membrane in the intermediate temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Kungurtsev
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina Bagryantseva
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentina Ponomareva
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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17
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Adzhieva OA, Gringolts ML, Denisova YI, Shandryuk GA, Litmanovich EA, Nikiforov RY, Belov NA, Kudryavtsev YV. Effect of Chain Structure on the Various Properties of the Copolymers of Fluorinated Norbornenes with Cyclooctene. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092157. [PMID: 37177303 PMCID: PMC10180767 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorinated polymers are attractive due to their special thermal, surface, gas separation, and other properties. In this study, new diblock, multiblock, and random copolymers of cyclooctene with two fluorinated norbornenes, 5-perfluorobutyl-2-norbornene and N-pentafluorophenyl-exo-endo-norbornene-5,6-dicarboximide, are synthesized by ring-opening metathesis copolymerization and macromolecular cross-metathesis in the presence of the first- to third-generation Grubbs' Ru-catalysts. Their thermal, surface, bulk, and solution characteristics are investigated and compared using differential scanning calorimetry, water contact angle measurements, gas permeation, and light scattering, respectively. It is demonstrated that they are correlated with the chain structure of the copolymers. The properties of multiblock copolymers are generally closer to those of diblock copolymers than of random ones, which can be explained by the presence of long blocks capable of self-organization. In particular, diblock and multiblock fluorine-imide-containing copolymers show a tendency to form micelles in chloroform solutions well below the overlap concentration. The results obtained may be of interest to a wide range of researchers involved in the design of functional copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Adzhieva
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria L Gringolts
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia I Denisova
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgiy A Shandryuk
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Litmanovich
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman Yu Nikiforov
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Belov
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav V Kudryavtsev
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
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18
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Korzeniowski SH, Buck RC, Newkold RM, Kassmi AE, Laganis E, Matsuoka Y, Dinelli B, Beauchet S, Adamsky F, Weilandt K, Soni VK, Kapoor D, Gunasekar P, Malvasi M, Brinati G, Musio S. A critical review of the application of polymer of low concern regulatory criteria to fluoropolymers II: Fluoroplastics and fluoroelastomers. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2023; 19:326-354. [PMID: 35678199 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluoropolymers are a distinct class of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), high molecular weight (MW) polymers with fluorine attached to their carbon-only backbone. Fluoropolymers possess a unique combination of properties and unmatched functional performance critical to the products and manufacturing processes they enable and are irreplaceable in many uses. Fluoropolymers have documented safety profiles; are thermally, biologically, and chemically stable, negligibly soluble in water, nonmobile, nonbioavailable, nonbioaccumulative, and nontoxic. Although fluoropolymers fit the PFAS structural definition, they have very different physical, chemical, environmental, and toxicological properties when compared with other PFAS. This study describes the composition, uses, performance properties, and functionalities of 14 fluoropolymers, including fluoroplastics and fluoroelastomers, and presents data to demonstrate that they satisfy the widely accepted polymer hazard assessment criteria to be considered polymers of low concern (PLC). The PLC criteria include physicochemical properties, such as molecular weight, which determine bioavailability and warn of potential hazard. Fluoropolymers are insoluble (e.g., water, octanol) solids too large to migrate into the cell membrane making them nonbioavailable, and therefore, of low concern from a human and environmental health standpoint. Further, the study results demonstrate that fluoropolymers are a distinct and different group of PFAS and should not be grouped with other PFAS for hazard assessment or regulatory purposes. When combined with an earlier publication by Henry et al., this study demonstrates that commercial fluoropolymers are available from the seven participating companies that meet the criteria to be considered PLC, which represent approximately 96% of the global commercial fluoropolymer market. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:326-354. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Evan Laganis
- AGC Chemicals Americas, Exton, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Karl Weilandt
- Advanced Materials Division, 3M Center, 3M Company, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Deepak Kapoor
- Gujarat Fluorochemicals GmbH, Regus Centre Watermark, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Marco Malvasi
- Solvay Specialty Polymers, V.le Lombardia, Bollate, (MI), Italy
| | - Giulio Brinati
- Solvay Specialty Polymers, V.le Lombardia, Bollate, (MI), Italy
| | - Stefana Musio
- Solvay Specialty Polymers, V.le Lombardia, Bollate, (MI), Italy
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19
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Original Fluorinated Non-Isocyanate Polyhydroxyurethanes. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041795. [PMID: 36838787 PMCID: PMC9964802 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
New fluorinated polyhydroxyurethanes (FPHUs) with various molar weights were synthesized via the polyaddition reaction of a fluorinated telechelic bis(cyclocarbonate) (bis-CC) with a diamine. The fluorinated bis-CC was initially synthesized by carbonylation of a fluorinated diepoxide, 1,4-bis(2',3'-epoxypropyl)perfluorobutane, in the presence of LiBr catalyst, in high yield. Then, several reaction conditions were optimized through the model reactions of the fluorinated bis-CC with hexylamine. Subsequently, fluorinated polymers bearing hydroxyurethane moieties (FPHUs) were prepared by reacting the bis-CC with different hexamethylenediamine amounts in bulk at 80 °C and the presence of a catalyst. The chemoselective polymerization reaction yielded three isomers bearing primary and secondary hydroxyl groups in 61-82% yield. The synthesized fluorinated CCs and the corresponding FPHUs were characterized by 1H, 19F, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. They were compared to their hydrogenated homologues synthesized in similar conditions. The gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data of the FPHUs revealed a higher molar mass and a slight increase in glass transition and decomposition temperatures compared to those of the PHUs.
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20
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Adi MA, Altarawneh M. Formation of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) from thermolysis of Teflon model compound. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:21360-21367. [PMID: 36266595 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It has been widely postulated that thermal degradation of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE; commercially known as Teflon) under the presence of moisture presents a likely source for the formation of the notorious perfluorocarboxylic acids (CF3(CF2)nCO(OH) PFCAs) and perfluorinated aldehydes (CF3(CF2)nCO(F/H). Thus, deployment of objects laden with Teflon at the peak of their thermal stability may contribute to the atmospheric budget of PFCAs. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely speculative. This study reports potential energy surfaces for reactions that govern oxidative transformation of n-C8F18 (as a model compound of PTFE) into tridecafluoroheptanoyl fluoride and perfluoroheptanoic acid. Central to computed pathways are dissociative addition reactions of water over the carbonyl group and elimination of hydroperoxyl radicals. Facile activation enthalpies are encountered in the involved steps. Our analysis discloses that formation of the building monomer C2F4 should be suppressed under thermolysis oxidation conditions at which synthesis of trifluoroacetic acids is preferred. Constructed kinetic model illustrates a near-complete conversion of the PTFE model compound into perfluorocarboxylic acids (CF3(CF2)nCO(OH) and perfluorinated aldehydes. Outcomes from this study should be instrumental in providing a better understanding of the likely contribution of fluoropolymers in the observed environmental loads of perfluorocarboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maissa A Adi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammednoor Altarawneh
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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21
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Wei X, Wei Y, Lu J, Huang Y, Sun Y, Wang Y, Liu L, Liu B, Han W. Evolution of Lewis acidity by mechanochemical and fluorination treatment of silicon carbide as novel catalyst for dehydrofluorination reactions. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.112948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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22
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Nika A, Gkioka C, Machairioti F, Bilalis P, Xu J, Gajos K, Awsiuk K, Petrou P, Chatzichristidi M. Post-Polymerization Modification of Fluoropolymers via UV Irradiation in the Presence of a Photoacid Generator. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030493. [PMID: 36771794 PMCID: PMC9919986 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorinated polymers have unique wettability and protein adsorption properties. The site-specific alteration of these properties could expand their application to different research areas. In this work, a fluorinated homopolymer and two of its copolymers with 4-vinylbenzyl glycidyl ether (VBGE) are synthesized by free radical polymerization. The produced polymers are then used to develop resist formulations by the addition of a photoacid generator. Films of these formulations are exposed to ultraviolet radiation through a binary mask and heated to create the pattern. It is found that the water contact angle values of the exposed films areas are reduced compared to those of the unexposed ones, with the exception of pentafluorophenyl methacrylate (PFMA) homopolymer film. This is attributed to the reaction of the epoxy groups creating x-links and producing hydroxyl groups and the cleavage of the pentafluorophenyl group from the ester group leading to carboxylic acid groups. Both modifications on the exposed areas are verified by FTIR spectroscopy and ToF-SIMS analysis. In addition, the biomolecules adsorption ability of the exposed area is increasing 10-15 times compared to the unexposed one for the PFMA homopolymer and the PFMA/VBGE 1:1 copolymer. Thus, the proposed polymers and patterning procedure could find application to spatially directed immobilization of biomolecules and/or cells onto a surface for both biosensing and tissue engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Nika
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Gkioka
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Fotini Machairioti
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, INRaSTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Bilalis
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jiaxi Xu
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katarzyna Gajos
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Awsiuk
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Panagiota Petrou
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, INRaSTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (M.C.); Tel.: +30-210-7274335 (M.C.)
| | - Margarita Chatzichristidi
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (M.C.); Tel.: +30-210-7274335 (M.C.)
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23
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Weeks NJ, Phelps CR, Gazmin ET, Iacono ST. Influencing the Crystalline Domains of Poly(vinylidenedifluoride) Composites Using Fluorinated Silica Nanoparticles as Drop-In Modifiers. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238398. [PMID: 36500489 PMCID: PMC9738907 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvements to fluoropolymer processing techniques by way of utilizing nanoparticles as drop-in processing aids have pronounced effects on bulk composite properties. In this work, we prepared fluoroalkyl-silanized silica nanoparticles (F-SiNPs, ca. 200 nm) that were solvent-blended with polyvinylenedifluoride (PVDF) in order to prepare composites with varying weight fractions. We demonstrated that the ability to functionalize SiNPs with long fluoroalkylchains that induced co-crystallization with the PVDF matrix, resulting in uniform particle dispersion and improved interlaminate adhesion. This was quantitatively investigated using calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, which showed a decrease in the bulk crystallinity of the virgin PVDF from 37% to 10% with minimal 10 wt % F-SiNP loading, rendering a nearly amorphous PVDF. Additional discussions in this work include the effects of various bare and fluoroalkyl-functionalized SiNP loadings on the amorphous and crystalline domains of the PVDF matrix, as well as thermal decomposition.
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24
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Nanoenergetic Composites with Fluoropolymers: Transition from Powders to Structures. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196598. [PMID: 36235136 PMCID: PMC9572529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, nanoenergetic materials have attracted enormous research interest due to their overall better combustion characteristics compared to their micron-sized counterparts. Aluminum, boron, and their respective alloys are the most extensively studied nanoenergetic materials. The majority of the research work related to this topic is confined to the respective powders. However, for practical applications, the powders need to be consolidated into reactive structures. Processing the nanoenergetic materials with polymeric binders to prepare structured composites is a possible route for the conversion of powders to structures. Most of the binders, including the energetic ones, when mixed with nanoenergetic materials even in small quantities, adversely affects the ignitability and combustion performance of the corresponding composites. The passivating effect induced by the polymeric binder is considered unfavorable for ignitability. Fluoropolymers, with their ability to induce pre-ignition reactions with the nascent oxide shell around aluminum and boron, are recognized to sustain the ignitability of the composites. Initial research efforts have been focused on surface functionalizing approaches using fluoropolymers to activate them further for energy release, and to improve the safety and storage properties. With the combined advent of more advanced chemistry and manufacturing techniques, fluoropolymers are recently being investigated as binders to process nanoenergetic materials to reactive structures. This review focuses on the major research developments in this area that have significantly assisted in the transitioning of nanoenergetic powders to structures using fluoropolymers as binders.
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Xu P, Daniliuc CG, Bergander K, Stein C, Studer A. Synthesis of Five-Membered Ring Systems Bearing gem-Difluoroalkenyl and Monofluoroalkenyl Substituents via Radical β-Bromo Fragmentation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Colin Stein
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
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26
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de Zordo‐Banliat A, Grollier K, Vigier J, Jeanneau E, Dagousset G, Pegot B, Magnier E, Billard T. Vinylic Trifluoromethylselenolation via Pd‐Catalyzed C−H Activation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202299. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud de Zordo‐Banliat
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (UMR CNRS 8180) Université Paris-Saclay UVSQ CNRS 78035 Versailles France
| | - Kevin Grollier
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Univ Lyon CNRS Université Lyon 1 CPE Lyon 1 rue Victor Grignard 69622 Lyon France
| | - Jordan Vigier
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Univ Lyon CNRS Université Lyon 1 CPE Lyon 1 rue Victor Grignard 69622 Lyon France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Centre de Diffractométrie Henri Longchambon Univ Lyon Université Lyon 1 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Guillaume Dagousset
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (UMR CNRS 8180) Université Paris-Saclay UVSQ CNRS 78035 Versailles France
| | - Bruce Pegot
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (UMR CNRS 8180) Université Paris-Saclay UVSQ CNRS 78035 Versailles France
| | - Emmanuel Magnier
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (UMR CNRS 8180) Université Paris-Saclay UVSQ CNRS 78035 Versailles France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Univ Lyon CNRS Université Lyon 1 CPE Lyon 1 rue Victor Grignard 69622 Lyon France
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27
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Synthesis of perfluoroalkylene-vinylene-arylene copolymers via the Mizoroki-Heck co-polymerization of 1,4-divinylperfluorobutane and 1,6-divinylperfluorohexane with dihalogenated arylene monomers. J Fluor Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2022.110033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Ameduri B. Copolymers of Vinylidene fluoride with Functional comonomers and Applications therefrom: Recent Developments, Challenges and Future Trends. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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29
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Bonnefoy C, Chefdeville E, Tourvieille C, Panossian A, Hanquet G, Leroux F, Toulgoat F, Billard T. Study of Carbamoyl Fluoride: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201589. [PMID: 35639343 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbamoyl fluoride is a fluorinated group that, to this date, remains underexplored, probably due to the lack of data concerning its properties. In this paper, a study of carbamoyl fluoride is presented. Stability studies, in particular under physiological conditions, and lipophilicity measurement were performed. A new easy, safe, inexpensive, and metal-free synthesis method is also described. Finally, a potential use in radiochemistry through a 18 F/19 F isotopic exchange is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Bonnefoy
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Chefdeville
- NMR Centre, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France
| | | | - Armen Panossian
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gilles Hanquet
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Leroux
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Toulgoat
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France.,CPE, Lyon Campus LyonTech-La Doua, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France.,CERMEP-In vivo imaging Groupement Hospitalier Est, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677, Lyon, France
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30
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Xie R, Zhou L, Smith AE, Almquist CB, Berberich JA, Danielson ND. A dual grafted fluorinated hydrocarbon amine weak anion exchange resin polymer for adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid from water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128521. [PMID: 35231815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a persistent and recalcitrant organic contaminant of exceptional environmental concern, and its removal from water has increasingly attracted global attention due to its wide distribution and strong bioaccumulation. Adsorption is considered an effective technique for PFOA removal and more efficient PFOA sorbents are still of interest. This study developed a dual grafted fluorinated hydrocarbon amine weak anion exchange (WAX) polymeric resin (Sepra-WAX-KelF-PEI) for PFOA removal from water. This polymer was synthesized by a two-step amine grafting reaction procedure involving first the reaction of the Sepra-WAX hydrocarbon polymer with poly(vinylidinefluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (Kel-F 800) and then a second reaction with polyethyleneimine (PEI). Characterization of the synthesized polymers was performed using scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis (F and Cl) by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The PFOA adsorption performance evaluations were conducted by packed column flow analyses with on-line detection. The results show the breakthrough of the Sepra-WAX-KelF-PEI synthesized with optimum stoichiometry was two times better than the starting anion exchange polymer Sepra-WAX, and six times better than powdered activated carbon, when using the same column size. The adsorption mechanisms of this novel adsorbent including hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction were also clarified in this study. The adsorption kinetic parameters of the two optimum synthesized sorbents were determined using the Thomas model, the Yoon-Nelson model, and batch isotherm studies, and compared with those found with activated carbon and the starting WAX resin. Good agreement of the batch isotherm and column studies with respect to adsorption capacities trends between all three polymers (Sepra-WAX, Sepra-WAX-KelF, and Sepra-WAX-KelF-PEI) were noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Abigail E Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | | | - Jason A Berberich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Neil D Danielson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.
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31
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Remete AM, Nonn M, Novák TT, Csányi D, Kiss L. Recent progress in aryltrifluoromethylation reactions of carbon-carbon multiple bonds. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200395. [PMID: 35584374 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increasing relevance of fluorine-containing organic molecules in drug design, the synthesis of organofluorine compounds has gained high significance in synthetic organic chemistry. Trifluoromethylative difunctionalizations of carbon-carbon multiple bonds, with the simultaneous incorporation of a CF 3 group and another functional element, have considerable potential. Because of the high importance of carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions in organic synthesis, carbotrifluoromethylations and, in particular, aryltrifluoromethylations or heteroaryltrifluoromethylations are considered to be increasing fields of synthetic organic chemistry. The aim of the current review is to summarize recent developments of aryltrifluoromethylation or heteroaryltrifluoromethylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila M Remete
- University of Szeged: Szegedi Tudomanyegyetem, INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY, HUNGARY
| | - Melinda Nonn
- HAS RCNS: Termeszettudomanyi Kutatokozpont, INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY, HUNGARY
| | - Tamás T Novák
- HAS RCNS: Termeszettudomanyi Kutatokozpont, INSTITUTE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, HUNGARY
| | - Dorottya Csányi
- HAS RCNS: Termeszettudomanyi Kutatokozpont, INSTITUTE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, HUNGARY
| | - Lorand Kiss
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences: Termeszettudomanyi Kutatokozpont, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Magyar Tudósok krt, 1117, Budapest, HUNGARY
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32
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Grollier K, Ghiazza C, Tlili A, Billard T, Médebielle M, Vantourout JC. Electrochemical Trifluoromethylselenolation of Activated Alkyl Halides. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Grollier
- ICBMS: Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moleculaires et Supramoleculaires Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Clément Ghiazza
- ICBMS: Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moleculaires et Supramoleculaires Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Anis Tlili
- ICBMS: Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moleculaires et Supramoleculaires Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Thierry Billard
- ICBMS: Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moleculaires et Supramoleculaires Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Maurice Médebielle
- ICBMS: Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moleculaires et Supramoleculaires Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Julien Christian Vantourout
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires UMR 5246 - SMITh 1 rue Victor GrignardBâtiment LEDERER 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex FRANCE
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33
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Liu Z, Cai Y, Song F, Li J, Zhang J, Sun Y, Luo G, Shen Q. Study on Chemical Graft Structure Modification and Mechanical Properties of Photocured Polyimide. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:9582-9593. [PMID: 35350346 PMCID: PMC8945119 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The great challenge facing additive manufacturing is that the available high-performance 3D printing materials can hardly keep up with the rapid development of new additive manufacturing technology. Then, the commercial resins available in the market have some problems, such as poor thermal stability, insufficient light-curing degree, and large shrinkage after curing, which need to be solved urgently. This study reports a photocurable polyimide ink for digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing to prepare controllable 3D structures with high thermal stability, low shrinkage, and excellent comprehensive properties. In this study, pyromellitic dianhydride and diaminodiphenyl ether, the Kapton polyimide with the highest performance synthesized so far, were selected as raw materials, and 2,2'-bis(3,4-dicarboxylic acid) hexafluoropropane dianhydride containing fluorine was introduced to modify the branched-chain structure. The polyimide was prepared by one-step imidization, and then the graft with photocurable double bonds and certain functions was grafted by reaction of glycidyl methacrylate with phenolic hydroxyl groups. In this work, the solubility of the synthesized oligomer polyimide in organic solvents was greatly increased by combining three methods, thereby allowing the formation of ink for photocuring 3D printing, and the ink can be stacked to form low-shrinkage polyimide with complex controllable shape. Polyimide printed by DLP can produce complex structures with good mechanical character and thermal stability and small shrinkage. Therefore, the polyimide prepared in this study is considered to be a resin of great commercial possibility. In addition, due to its properties, it has important development potential in some fields with high demand for thermal stability, such as high-temperature cooling valves, aerospace, and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yilun Cai
- Hospital
of Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan
University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feifan Song
- State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiajin Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guoqiang Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- Chaozhou
Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China
| | - Qiang Shen
- State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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34
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Gautam R, Geniza I, Iacono ST, Friesen CM, Jennings AR. Perfluoropyridine: Discovery, Chemistry, and Applications in Polymers and Material Science. Molecules 2022; 27:1616. [PMID: 35268717 PMCID: PMC8911800 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfluoropyridine (PFPy) is an organofluorine compound that has been employed for a variety of applications, from straightforward chemical synthesis to more advanced functions, such as fluorinated networks and polymers. This can be directly attributed to the highly reactive nature of PFPy, especially towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr). The aim of this review is to highlight the discovery and synthesis of PFPy, discuss its reactive nature towards SNAr, and to summarize known reports of the utilization and thermal analysis of PFPy containing fluoropolymers and fluorinated network materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Gautam
- Department of Chemistry, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA; (R.G.); (I.G.); (S.T.I.)
| | - Ian Geniza
- Department of Chemistry, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA; (R.G.); (I.G.); (S.T.I.)
| | - Scott T. Iacono
- Department of Chemistry, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA; (R.G.); (I.G.); (S.T.I.)
| | - Chadron M. Friesen
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity Western University, 22500 University Drive, Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada;
| | - Abby R. Jennings
- Department of Chemistry, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA; (R.G.); (I.G.); (S.T.I.)
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35
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Cao H, Peng J, Zhou Z, Sun Y, Wang Y, Liang Y. Insight into the defluorination ability of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances based on machine learning and quantum chemical computations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:151018. [PMID: 34662613 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UV-generated hydrated electrons play a critical role in the defluorination reaction of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). However, limited experimental data hinder insight into the effects of the structural characteristics of emerging PFAS on their defluorination abilities. Therefore, in this study, we adopted quantity structure-activity relationship models based on machine learning algorithms to develop the predictive models of the relative defluorination ability of PFAS. Five-fold cross-validations were used to perform the hyperparameter tuning of the models, which suggested that the gradient boosting algorithms with PaDEL descriptors as the best model possessed superior predictive performance (R2test = 0.944 and RMSEtest = 0.114). The importance of the descriptor indicated that the electrostatic properties and topological structure of the compounds significantly affected the defluorination ability of the PFAS. For the emerging PFAS the best model showed that most compounds, such as potential alternatives of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, were recalcitrant to reductive defluorination, whereas perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids had relatively stronger defluorination abilities than perfluorooctanoic acid. The theoretical calculations implied that additional electrons on PFAS could cause molecular deconstruction, such as changes in the dihedral angle involved in the carbon chain, as well as C-F bond and ether C-O bond cleavages. In general, the current computational models could be useful for screening emerging PFAS to assess their defluorination ability for the molecular design of fluorochemical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yuzhen Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
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Weiss M, Gajarska Z, Lohninger H, Marchetti-Deschmann M, Ramer G, Lendl B, Limbeck A. Elemental mapping of fluorine by means of molecular laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1195:339422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Buglioni L, Raymenants F, Slattery A, Zondag SDA, Noël T. Technological Innovations in Photochemistry for Organic Synthesis: Flow Chemistry, High-Throughput Experimentation, Scale-up, and Photoelectrochemistry. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2752-2906. [PMID: 34375082 PMCID: PMC8796205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced chemical transformations have received in recent years a tremendous amount of attention, providing a plethora of opportunities to synthetic organic chemists. However, performing a photochemical transformation can be quite a challenge because of various issues related to the delivery of photons. These challenges have barred the widespread adoption of photochemical steps in the chemical industry. However, in the past decade, several technological innovations have led to more reproducible, selective, and scalable photoinduced reactions. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of these exciting technological advances, including flow chemistry, high-throughput experimentation, reactor design and scale-up, and the combination of photo- and electro-chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Buglioni
- Micro
Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Raymenants
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aidan Slattery
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan D. A. Zondag
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Fluorine-containing bio-inert polymers: Roles of intermediate water. Acta Biomater 2022; 138:34-56. [PMID: 34700043 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine-containing polymers are used not only in industrial processes but also in medical applications, because they exhibit excellent heat, weather, and chemical resistance. As these polymers are not easily degraded in our body, it is difficult to use them in applications that require antithrombotic properties, such as artificial blood vessels. The material used for medical applications should not only be stable in vivo, but it should also be inert to biomolecules such as proteins or cells. In this review, this property is defined as "bio-inert," and previous studies in this field are summarized. Bio-inert materials are less recognized as foreign substances by proteins or cells in the living body, and they must be covered at interfaces designed with the concept of intermediate water (IW). On the basis of this concept, we present here the current understanding of bio-inertness and unusual blood compatibility found in fluoropolymers used in biomedical applications. IW is the water that interacts with materials with moderate strength and has been quantified by a variety of analytical methods and simulations. For example, by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, IW was defined as water frozen at around -40°C. To consider the role of the IW, quantification methods of the hydration state of polymers are also summarized. These investigations have been conducted independently because of the conflict between hydrophobic fluorine and bio-inert properties that require hydrophilicity. In recent years, not many materials have been developed that incorporate the good points of both aspects, and their properties have seldom been linked to the hydration state. This has been critically performed now. Furthermore, fluorine-containing polymers in medical use are reviewed. Finally, this review also describes the molecular design of the recently reported fluorine-containing bio-inert polymers for controlling their hydration state. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A material covered with a hydration layer known as intermediate water that interacts moderately with other objects is difficult to be recognized as a foreign substance and exhibits bio-inert properties. Fluoropolymers show high durability, but conflict with bio-inert characteristics requiring hydrophilicity as these research studies have been conducted independently. On the other hand, materials that combine the advantages of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic features have been developed recently. Here, we summarize the molecular architecture and analysis methods that control intermediate water and provide a guideline for designing novel fluorine-containing bio-inert materials.
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Morand S, Jubault P, Bouillon JP, Couve-Bonnaire S. gem-Heteroatom-Substituted Fluoroalkenes as Mimics of Amide Derivatives or Phosphates: A Comprehensive Review. Chemistry 2021; 27:17273-17292. [PMID: 34533868 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
gem-Heteroatom-substituted fluoroalkenes have received little attention despite their great potential in medicinal chemistry or in fine chemistry. Indeed, due to the electronic and steric similarity between the fluoroalkene moiety and the amide bond as well as the high strength of the carbon-fluorine bond, these gem-heteroatom-substituted fluoroalkenes could be envisioned as stable mimics of various important organic functions, such as phosphates, carbamates, S-thiocarbamates and ureas. We present herein an overview describing the syntheses over the last decade of heteroatom-substituted fluoroalkenes in geminal position. This review will be divided into several sections covering each the common following heteroatom: oxygen-, nitrogen-, sulfur-, phosphorus-, boron- and silicon-substituted fluoroalkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Morand
- Normandie Université INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Université INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | | | - Samuel Couve-Bonnaire
- Normandie Université INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
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40
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Bonnefoy C, Chefdeville E, Panosian A, Hanquet G, Leroux FR, Toulgoat F, Billard T. Study of a Stable "Trifluoromethoxide Anion Solution" Arising from 2,4-Dinitro-Trifluoromethoxybenzene. Chemistry 2021; 27:15986-15991. [PMID: 34496078 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advances, trifluoromethoxylation remains a challenging reaction. Here we describe an efficient trifluoromethoxylative substitution, using an inexpensive and easy-to-handle reagent. By mixing DMAP with a slight excess of 1,4-dinitro-trifluoromethoxybenzene (DNTFB), a stable solution of trifluoromethoxide anion is obtained and can be used to perform a SN 2 reaction without any silver additives. A precise study of the properties and behavior of this unusual stable solution of CF3 O- species is also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Bonnefoy
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Chefdeville
- NMR Centre, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Armen Panosian
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gilles Hanquet
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric R Leroux
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Toulgoat
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Lyon, France.,CPE Lyon, Campus LyonTech-La Doua, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Lyon, France.,CERMEP -, In vivo imaging, Groupement Hospitalier Est, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677, Lyon, France
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41
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Zhou J, Zhao Z, Shibata N. Silylboronate-Mediated Defluorosilylation of Aryl Fluorides with or without Ni-Catalyst. Front Chem 2021; 9:771473. [PMID: 34760872 PMCID: PMC8573161 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.771473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The defluorosilylation of aryl fluorides to access aryl silanes was achieved under transition-metal-free conditions via an inert C-F bond activation. The defluorosilylation, mediated by silylboronates and KOtBu, proceeded smoothly at room temperature to afford various aryl silanes in good yields. Although a comparative experiment indicated that Ni catalyst facilitated this transformation more efficiently, the transition-metal-free protocol is advantageous from a green chemistry perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Zhengyu Zhao
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan.,Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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42
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Fe-mediated nucleophilic trifluoromethylselenolation of activated alkyl bromides via umpolung reactivity of trifluoromethyl tolueneselenosulfinate. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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43
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Tetrafluoroethylene telomers with reactive end groups: radiation-initiated synthesis, properties, and prospects for applications. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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44
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Ghiazza C, Billard T. Synthesis, Reactivity and Activation Modes of Fluoroalkyl Thiosulfonates and Selenosulfonates. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Ghiazza
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Univ Lyon Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Univ Lyon Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
- CERMEP – in vivo imaging Groupement Hospitalier Est 59 Bd Pinel 69003 Lyon France
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45
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Grollier K, Chefdeville E, Jeanneau E, Billard T. Aromatic Trifluoromethylselenolation via Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization. Chemistry 2021; 27:12910-12916. [PMID: 34142744 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of trifluoromethylselenolated aromatic molecules via an auxiliary-assisted, palladium catalyzed, C-H bonds functionalization with trifluoromethyl tolueneselenosulfonate as reagent is described. The mono- or bis-products can be preferentially formed. Some mechanistic investigations were realized to better understand the reaction. This methodology was also extended to fluoroalkylselenyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Grollier
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS - UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Chefdeville
- NMR Centre Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Centre de Diffractométrie Henri Longchambon, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS - UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Lyon, France.,CERMEP - In vivo imaging, Groupement Hospitalier Est, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677, Lyon, France
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46
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Mullaveettil FN, Dauksevicius R, Wakjira Y. Strength and elastic properties of 3D printed PVDF-based parts for lightweight biomedical applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 120:104603. [PMID: 34051693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Research results on 3D printed fluoropolymers are scarce since the filaments were introduced commercially only in the last several years to enable fused filament fabrication (FFF) of structural components for more demanding service conditions, where chemical, UV or fire resistance, high purity, sterilizability or biocompatibility are critical such as in biomedical industry. This experimental study reports on additive manufacturing and quasi-static mechanical testing of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and in-vitro cytocompatible polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) specimens that were 3D printed with different infill patterns at 75% density (linear, cubic, cross, concentric, octet, zigzag, triangular). Recommendations are provided for addressing issues related to weak adhesion and obtrusive warping, which occur in open-chamber FFF printer due to semi-crystalline and hydrophobic nature of PVDF-based thermoplastics. The measured tensile and flexural stress-strain curves are analyzed to determine the influence of strut-based infills on the strength and elastic performance by including comparisons in ratios between strength, modulus of elasticity and weight of the specimens. The concentric pattern demonstrates the highest tensile strength, while the cross and triangular lattices - the lowest one. In three-point bending, the linear pattern delivers the lowest strength, while the rest exhibit comparable mechanical properties. The results are conducive to the design of 3D printable PVDF homopolymer and copolymer load-bearing structures serving as lightweight high-performance components in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rolanas Dauksevicius
- Kaunas University of Technology, Institute of Mechatronics, Studentu str. 56, Kaunas 51424, Lithuania.
| | - Yosef Wakjira
- Mettu University, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, P.O. Box 318, Metu, Ethiopia
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47
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Han J, Kiss L, Mei H, Remete AM, Ponikvar-Svet M, Sedgwick DM, Roman R, Fustero S, Moriwaki H, Soloshonok VA. Chemical Aspects of Human and Environmental Overload with Fluorine. Chem Rev 2021; 121:4678-4742. [PMID: 33723999 PMCID: PMC8945431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 100-120 years, due to the ever-increasing importance of fluorine-containing compounds in modern technology and daily life, the explosive development of the fluorochemical industry led to an enormous increase of emission of fluoride ions into the biosphere. This made it more and more important to understand the biological activities, metabolism, degradation, and possible environmental hazards of such substances. This comprehensive and critical review focuses on the effects of fluoride ions and organofluorine compounds (mainly pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals) on human health and the environment. To give a better overview, various connected topics are also discussed: reasons and trends of the advance of fluorine-containing pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, metabolism of fluorinated drugs, withdrawn fluorinated drugs, natural sources of organic and inorganic fluorine compounds in the environment (including the biosphere), sources of fluoride intake, and finally biomarkers of fluoride exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Loránd Kiss
- University
of Szeged, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
and Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Attila Márió Remete
- University
of Szeged, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
and Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Maja Ponikvar-Svet
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova
cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Daniel Mark Sedgwick
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - Raquel Roman
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - Santos Fustero
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - Hiroki Moriwaki
- Hamari
Chemicals Ltd., 1-19-40, Nankokita, Suminoe-ku, Osaka 559-0034, Japan
| | - Vadim A. Soloshonok
- Department
of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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48
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Tetrafluoroethylene telomers obtained by radiation-chemical synthesis with various telogens. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Fuentes-Exposito M, Norsic S, Février T, Dugas PY, Boutti S, Devisme S, Bonnet A, D'Agosto F, Lansalot M. Surfactant-free emulsion polymerization of vinylidene fluoride mediated by RAFT/MADIX reactive poly(ethylene glycol) polymer chains. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00728a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Vinylidene fluoride (VDF) emulsion polymerization is conducted in the presence of xanthate-end functionalized poly(ethylene glycol)s leading to stable PVDF latexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Fuentes-Exposito
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sébastien Norsic
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thibaut Février
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Dugas
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Salima Boutti
- ARKEMA, Centre de Recherche Rhône-Alpes (CRRA), Rue Henri Moissan - CS 42063, 69491 Pierre-Bénite Cedex, France
| | - Samuel Devisme
- ARKEMA, Centre de recherche, développement, applications et technique de l'ouest (Cerdato), 13 route de Launay, 27470 Serquigny, France
| | - Anthony Bonnet
- ARKEMA, Centre de Recherche Rhône-Alpes (CRRA), Rue Henri Moissan - CS 42063, 69491 Pierre-Bénite Cedex, France
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
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50
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Abstract
Synthesis of semifluorinated polymers containing fluorous groups on the backbone or as side chains is an increasingly popular field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Jaye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Ellen M. Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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