1
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Dias AHS, Cao Y, Skaf MS, de Visser SP. Machine learning-aided engineering of a cytochrome P450 for optimal bioconversion of lignin fragments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:17577-17587. [PMID: 38884162 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01282h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Using machine learning, molecular dynamics simulations, and density functional theory calculations we gain insight into the selectivity patterns of substrate activation by the cytochromes P450. In nature, the reactions catalyzed by the P450s lead to the biodegradation of xenobiotics, but recent work has shown that fungi utilize P450s for the activation of lignin fragments, such as monomer and dimer units. These fragments often are the building blocks of valuable materials, including drug molecules and fragrances, hence a highly selective biocatalyst that can produce these compounds in good yield with high selectivity would be an important step in biotechnology. In this work a detailed computational study is reported on two reaction channels of two P450 isozymes, namely the O-deethylation of guaethol by CYP255A and the O-demethylation versus aromatic hydroxylation of p-anisic acid by CYP199A4. The studies show that the second-coordination sphere plays a major role in substrate binding and positioning, heme access, and in the selectivity patterns. Moreover, the local environment affects the kinetics of the reaction through lowering or raising barrier heights. Furthermore, we predict a site-selective mutation for highly specific reaction channels for CYP199A4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Hermano Sampaio Dias
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
- Institute of Chemistry and Centre for Computing in Engineering & Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-861, Brazil
| | - Yuanxin Cao
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Munir S Skaf
- Institute of Chemistry and Centre for Computing in Engineering & Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-861, Brazil
| | - Sam P de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
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2
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Ali HS, de Visser SP. QM/MM Study Into the Mechanism of Oxidative C=C Double Bond Cleavage by Lignostilbene-α,β-Dioxygenase. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304172. [PMID: 38373118 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The enzymatic biosynthesis of fragrance molecules from lignin fragments is an important reaction in biotechnology for the sustainable production of fine chemicals. In this work we investigated the biosynthesis of vanillin from lignostilbene by a nonheme iron dioxygenase using QM/MM and tested several suggested proposals via either an epoxide or dioxetane intermediate. Binding of dioxygen to the active site of the protein results in the formation of an iron(II)-superoxo species with lignostilbene cation radical. The dioxygenase mechanism starts with electrophilic attack of the terminal oxygen atom of the superoxo group on the central C=C bond of lignostilbene, and the second-coordination sphere effects in the substrate binding pocket guide the reaction towards dioxetane formation. The computed mechanism is rationalized with thermochemical cycles and valence bond schemes that explain the electron transfer processes during the reaction mechanism. Particularly, the polarity of the protein and the local electric field and dipole moments enable a facile electron transfer and an exergonic dioxetane formation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Saqib Ali
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Sam P de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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3
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Xu X, Lin X, Ma W, Huo M, Tian X, Wang H, Huang L. Biodegradation strategies of veterinary medicines in the environment: Enzymatic degradation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169598. [PMID: 38157911 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
One Health closely integrates healthy farming, human medicine, and environmental ecology. Due to the ecotoxicity and risk of transmission of drug resistance, veterinary medicines (VMs) are regarded as emerging environmental pollutants. To reduce or mitigate the environmental risk of VMs, developing friendly, safe, and effective removal technologies is an important means of environmental remediation for VMs. Many previous studies have proved that biodegradation has significant advantages in removing VMs, and biodegradation based on enzyme catalysis presents higher operability and specificity. This review focused on biodegradation strategies of environmental pollutants and reviewed the enzymatic degradation of VMs including antimicrobial drugs, insecticides, and disinfectants. We reviewed the sources and catalytic mechanisms of peroxidase, laccase, and organophosphorus hydrolases, and summarized the latest research status of immobilization methods and bioengineering techniques in improving the performance of degrading enzymes. The mechanism of enzymatic degradation for VMs was elucidated in the current research. Suggestions and prospects for researching and developing enzymatic degradation of VMs were also put forward. This review will offer new ideas for the biodegradation of VMs and have a guide significance for the risk mitigation and detoxification of VMs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyue Xu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xvdong Lin
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenjin Ma
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Meixia Huo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Tian
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hanyu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan 430070, China; National Laboratory for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan 430070, China; National Laboratory for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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4
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Tarigholizadeh S, Sushkova S, Rajput VD, Ranjan A, Arora J, Dudnikova T, Barbashev A, Mandzhieva S, Minkina T, Wong MH. Transfer and Degradation of PAHs in the Soil-Plant System: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:46-64. [PMID: 38108272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are highly toxic, persistent organic pollutants that threaten ecosystems and human health. Consistent monitoring is essential to minimize the entry of PAHs into plants and reduce food chain contamination. PAHs infiltrate plants through multiple pathways, causing detrimental effects and triggering diverse plant responses, ultimately increasing either toxicity or tolerance. Primary plant detoxification processes include enzymatic transformation, conjugation, and accumulation of contaminants in cell walls/vacuoles. Plants also play a crucial role in stimulating microbial PAHs degradation by producing root exudates, enhancing bioavailability, supplying nutrients, and promoting soil microbial diversity and activity. Thus, synergistic plant-microbe interactions efficiently decrease PAHs uptake by plants and, thereby, their accumulation along the food chain. This review highlights PAHs uptake pathways and their overall fate as contaminants of emerging concern (CEC). Understanding plant uptake mechanisms, responses to contaminants, and interactions with rhizosphere microbiota is vital for addressing PAH pollution in soil and ensuring food safety and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Svetlana Sushkova
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Anuj Ranjan
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Jayati Arora
- Amity Institute of Environmental Science, Amity University, Noida 201301, India
| | - Tamara Dudnikova
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Barbashev
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation
| | | | - Tatiana Minkina
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Ming Hung Wong
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education, and Research (CHEER), The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation
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5
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Cuebas‐Irizarry MF, Grunden AM. Streptomyces spp. as biocatalyst sources in pulp and paper and textile industries: Biodegradation, bioconversion and valorization of waste. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14258. [PMID: 37017414 PMCID: PMC10832569 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex polymers represent a challenge for remediating environmental pollution and an opportunity for microbial-catalysed conversion to generate valorized chemicals. Members of the genus Streptomyces are of interest because of their potential use in biotechnological applications. Their versatility makes them excellent sources of biocatalysts for environmentally responsible bioconversion, as they have a broad substrate range and are active over a wide range of pH and temperature. Most Streptomyces studies have focused on the isolation of strains, recombinant work and enzyme characterization for evaluating their potential for biotechnological application. This review discusses reports of Streptomyces-based technologies for use in the textile and pulp-milling industry and describes the challenges and recent advances aimed at achieving better biodegradation methods featuring these microbial catalysts. The principal points to be discussed are (1) Streptomyces' enzymes for use in dye decolorization and lignocellulosic biodegradation, (2) biotechnological processes for textile and pulp and paper waste treatment and (3) challenges and advances for textile and pulp and paper effluent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara F. Cuebas‐Irizarry
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyNorth Carolina State UniversityPlant Sciences Building Rm 2323, 840 Oval DrRaleighNorth Carolina27606USA
| | - Amy M. Grunden
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyNorth Carolina State UniversityPlant Sciences Building Rm 2323, 840 Oval DrRaleighNorth Carolina27606USA
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6
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Spasojević D, Prodanović O, Mutavdžić D, Sekuljica N, Jovanović J, Maksimović V, Radotić K. Two-way reaction of versatile peroxidase with artificial lignin enhances low-molecular weight fractions. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300312. [PMID: 37688491 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, versatile peroxidase (VP) has emerged as a promising enzyme for biotechnological applications, as it can oxidize lignin without the external mediators. To gain insights into the breakdown process of artificial lignin by VP, reaction between the two was studied. Degradation products were fractionated using ultrafiltration and analyzed by RP- high performance liquid chromatography with mass detection (HPLC-MS) chromatography. Four fractions were obtained based on their molecular sizes: >10, 3-10, 1-3, and <1 kDa. Interestingly, while VP did not significantly alter the yields of these fractions, the chromatograms revealed the presence of oligomers with different molecular weights (MWs) resulting from the enzymatic activity. The VP exhibits a dual role in its enzymatic activity: both degrading and synthesizing these oligomers. This was confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA). The positive correlations were found between certain oligomers (D1 and D2, D5 and D6, as well as between D7, D10, T2, and T4), suggesting their simultaneous degradation. On the other hand, a negative correlation was found between the monomer and some oligomers (D7, D10, T2, and T4), indicating the decomposition of these oligomers into monomers. These findings shed light on the intricate interplay between VP and artificial lignin, offering valuable insights for potential applications in lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragica Spasojević
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olivera Prodanović
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragosav Mutavdžić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Sekuljica
- Innovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Jovanović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vuk Maksimović
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ksenija Radotić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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7
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Khan MF, Hof C, Niemcová P, Murphy CD. Recent advances in fungal xenobiotic metabolism: enzymes and applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:296. [PMID: 37658215 PMCID: PMC10474215 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Fungi have been extensively studied for their capacity to biotransform a wide range of natural and xenobiotic compounds. This versatility is a reflection of the broad substrate specificity of fungal enzymes such as laccases, peroxidases and cytochromes P450, which are involved in these reactions. This review gives an account of recent advances in the understanding of fungal metabolism of drugs and pollutants such as dyes, agrochemicals and per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), and describes the key enzymes involved in xenobiotic biotransformation. The potential of fungi and their enzymes in the bioremediation of polluted environments and in the biocatalytic production of important compounds is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Faheem Khan
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Carina Hof
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Patricie Niemcová
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Cormac D Murphy
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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8
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Yehia RS. Highlighting the potential for crude oil bioremediation of locally isolated Cunninghamella echinulata and Mucor circinelloides. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1969-1981. [PMID: 37249816 PMCID: PMC10485222 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The current investigation was carried out to assess the potential of fungi isolated from polluted soil samples in Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia, to degrade crude oil. In a minimal salt medium with 1% crude oil as the carbon source, the growth potential of various fungal isolates was examined. Among twelve fungal isolates, YS-6 and YS-10, identified as Cunninghamella echinulata and Mucor circinelloides based on multiple sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses, were selected as having superior crude oil degrading abilities. To the best of our knowledge, the isolated species have never been detected in polluted soil samples in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. YS-6 and YS-10 have shown their capacity to metabolize crude oil by removing 59.7 and 78.1% of crude oil, respectively. Interestingly, they succeeded in reducing the surface tension to 41.2 and 35.9 mN/m, respectively. Moreover, the emulsification activity and hydrophobicity were determined to be 36.7, 44.9, 35.9, and 53.4%, respectively. The recovery assays included zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, acid precipitation, and solvent extraction techniques. All these approaches showed that the amount of biosurfactants correlates to the tested hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the enzyme activity of these two isolates generated significantly more laccase (Lac) than manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP), as compared to the control. In conclusion, our study highlights new perspectives on the fungal resources found in persistently polluted terrestrial ecosystems. This knowledge will be useful for bioremediation, safe disposal of petroleum-oil contamination, and other industrial uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy S Yehia
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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9
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Kumar N, He J, Rusling JF. Electrochemical transformations catalyzed by cytochrome P450s and peroxidases. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5135-5171. [PMID: 37458261 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00461a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s (Cyt P450s) and peroxidases are enzymes featuring iron heme cofactors that have wide applicability as biocatalysts in chemical syntheses. Cyt P450s are a family of monooxygenases that oxidize fatty acids, steroids, and xenobiotics, synthesize hormones, and convert drugs and other chemicals to metabolites. Peroxidases are involved in breaking down hydrogen peroxide and can oxidize organic compounds during this process. Both heme-containing enzymes utilize active FeIVO intermediates to oxidize reactants. By incorporating these enzymes in stable thin films on electrodes, Cyt P450s and peroxidases can accept electrons from an electrode, albeit by different mechanisms, and catalyze organic transformations in a feasible and cost-effective way. This is an advantageous approach, often called bioelectrocatalysis, compared to their biological pathways in solution that require expensive biochemical reductants such as NADPH or additional enzymes to recycle NADPH for Cyt P450s. Bioelectrocatalysis also serves as an ex situ platform to investigate metabolism of drugs and bio-relevant chemicals. In this paper we review biocatalytic electrochemical reactions using Cyt P450s including C-H activation, S-oxidation, epoxidation, N-hydroxylation, and oxidative N-, and O-dealkylation; as well as reactions catalyzed by peroxidases including synthetically important oxidations of organic compounds. Design aspects of these bioelectrocatalytic reactions are presented and discussed, including enzyme film formation on electrodes, temperature, pH, solvents, and activation of the enzymes. Finally, we discuss challenges and future perspective of these two important bioelectrocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3136, USA.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3136, USA.
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3136, USA
| | - James F Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3136, USA.
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3136, USA
- Department of Surgery and Neag Cancer Center, Uconn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland at Galway, Galway, Ireland
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10
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Cheng X, Palma B, Zhao H, Zhang H, Wang J, Chen Z, Hu J. Photoreforming for Lignin Upgrading: A Critical Review. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202300675. [PMID: 37455297 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Photoreforming of lignocellulosic biomass to simultaneously produce gas fuels and value-added chemicals has gradually emerged as a promising strategy to alleviate the fossil fuels crisis. Compared to cellulose and hemicellulose, the exploitation and utilization of lignin via photoreforming are still at the early and more exciting stages. This Review systematically summarizes the latest progress on the photoreforming of lignin-derived model components and "real" lignin, aiming to provide insights for lignin photocatalytic valorization from fundamental to industrial applications. Considering the complexity of lignin physicochemical properties, related analytic methods are also introduced to characterize lignin photocatalytic conversion and product distribution. We finally put forward the challenges and perspective of lignin photoreforming, hoping to provide some guidance to valorize biomass into value-added chemicals and fuels via a mild photoreforming process in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bruna Palma
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Heng Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hongguang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jiu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zhangxin Chen
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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11
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Barreiro DS, Oliveira RN, Pauleta SR. Bacterial peroxidases – Multivalent enzymes that enable the use of hydrogen peroxide for microaerobic and anaerobic proliferation. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
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12
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Corbu VM, Gheorghe-Barbu I, Dumbravă AȘ, Vrâncianu CO, Șesan TE. Current Insights in Fungal Importance-A Comprehensive Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1384. [PMID: 37374886 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides plants and animals, the Fungi kingdom describes several species characterized by various forms and applications. They can be found in all habitats and play an essential role in the excellent functioning of the ecosystem, for example, as decomposers of plant material for the cycling of carbon and nutrients or as symbionts of plants. Furthermore, fungi have been used in many sectors for centuries, from producing food, beverages, and medications. Recently, they have gained significant recognition for protecting the environment, agriculture, and several industrial applications. The current article intends to review the beneficial roles of fungi used for a vast range of applications, such as the production of several enzymes and pigments, applications regarding food and pharmaceutical industries, the environment, and research domains, as well as the negative impacts of fungi (secondary metabolites production, etiological agents of diseases in plants, animals, and humans, as well as deteriogenic agents).
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorica Maria Corbu
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Gheorghe-Barbu
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Ștefania Dumbravă
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrâncianu
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tatiana Eugenia Șesan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Forestry, 61 Bd. Mărăşti, District 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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13
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Dube SL, Osunsanmi FO, Ngcobo BP, Mkhwanazi LB, Jobe ZZ, Aruleba RT, Mosa RA, Opoku AR. Isolation and Characterization of Potential Lignin Peroxidase-Producing Bacteria from Compost Samples at Richards Bay (South Africa). Pol J Microbiol 2023:pjm-2023-003. [PMID: 37218281 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignin recalcitrance is a key issue in producing value-added products from lignocellulose biomass. In situ biodegradable lignin-modifying enzymes-producing bacteria are considered a suitable solution to lignin biodegradation problems, but exploitation of ligninolytic bacteria is still limited to date. Hence, this study aimed to isolate and characterize potential lignin peroxidase ligninolytic bacteria from decomposing soil, sawdust, and cow dung at Richard Bay, South Africa. The samples were collected and cultured in the lignin-enriched medium. Pure isolated colonies were characterized through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The ability of the isolates to grow and utilize aromatic monomers (veratryl and guaiacol alcohol) and decolorize lignin-like dyes (Azure B, Congo Red, Remazol Brilliant Blue R) was evaluated. Of the twenty-six (26) bacteria isolates 10 isolates, including Pseudomonas spp. (88%), Enterobacter spp. (8%), and Escherichia coli (4%) were identified as true lignin peroxidase producers. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CP031449.2) and E. coli (LR025096.1) exhibited the highest ligninolytic activities. These isolates could potentially be exploited in the industry and wastewater treatment as effective lignin degrading agents.
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14
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Singh AK, Iqbal HMN, Cardullo N, Muccilli V, Fern'andez-Lucas J, Schmidt JE, Jesionowski T, Bilal M. Structural insights, biocatalytic characteristics, and application prospects of lignin-modifying enzymes for sustainable biotechnology-A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124968. [PMID: 37217044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lignin modifying enzymes (LMEs) have gained widespread recognition in depolymerization of lignin polymers by oxidative cleavage. LMEs are a robust class of biocatalysts that include lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), versatile peroxidase (VP), laccase (LAC), and dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP). Members of the LMEs family act on phenolic, non-phenolic substrates and have been widely researched for valorization of lignin, oxidative cleavage of xenobiotics and phenolics. LMEs implementation in the biotechnological and industrial sectors has sparked significant attention, although its potential future applications remain underexploited. To understand the mechanism of LMEs in sustainable pollution mitigation, several studies have been undertaken to assess the feasibility of LMEs in correlating to diverse pollutants for binding and intermolecular interactions at the molecular level. However, further investigation is required to fully comprehend the underlying mechanism. In this review we presented the key structural and functional features of LMEs, including the computational aspects, as well as the advanced applications in biotechnology and industrial research. Furthermore, concluding remarks and a look ahead, the use of LMEs coupled with computational frameworks, built upon artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), has been emphasized as a recent milestone in environmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Singh
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Nunzio Cardullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vera Muccilli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Jesús Fern'andez-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanizaci'on El Bosque, 28670 Villaviciosa de Od'on, Spain; Grupo de Investigaci'on en Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, GICNEX, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, 080002 Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Jens Ejbye Schmidt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
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15
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Wang J, Shirvani H, Zhao H, Kibria MG, Hu J. Lignocellulosic biomass valorization via bio-photo/electro hybrid catalytic systems. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108157. [PMID: 37084800 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass valorization is regarded as a promising approach to alleviate energy crisis and achieve carbon neutrality. Bioactive enzymes have attracted great attention and been commonly applied for biomass valorization owing to their high selectivity and catalytic efficiency under environmentally benign reaction conditions. Same as biocatalysis, photo-/electro-catalysis also happens at mild conditions (i.e., near ambient temperature and pressure). Therefore, the combination of these different catalytic approaches to benefit from their resulting synergy is appealing. In such hybrid systems, harness of renewable energy from the photo-/electro-catalytic compartment can be combined with the unique selectivity of biocatalysts, therefore providing a more sustainable and greener approach to obtain fuels and value-added chemicals from biomass. In this review, we firstly introduce the pros/cons, classifications, and the applications of photo-/electro-enzyme coupled systems. Then we focus on the fundamentals and comprehensive applications of the most representative biomass-active enzymes including lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), glucose oxidase (GOD)/dehydrogenase (GDH) and lignin peroxidase (LiP), together with other biomass-active enzymes in the photo-/electro- enzyme coupled systems. Finally, we propose current deficiencies and future perspectives of biomass-active enzymes to be applied in the hybrid catalytic systems for global biomass valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hamed Shirvani
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Heng Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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16
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Fleurat-Lessard P, Luini E, La Camera S, Thibault F, Roblin G, Berjeaud JM. Fungal wood-degrading enzymes in esca-diseased grapevine and effects of carbohydrate environment on fungal development. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:194. [PMID: 37061655 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
In esca disease affecting grapevines, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium minimum colonize the woody parts of the trunks and arms, where they obtain nutrition from xylem sap and, potentially, from residues resulting from the enzymatic breakdown of lignified cell walls, particularly osidic residues. We quantified the secretion of lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase by these fungi in woody tissues of selectively infected cuttings using immunolabeling and transmission electron microscopy. Our results indicated that the detection of these enzymes was generally higher in tissues infected with Phaeoacremonium minimum. These data were confirmed through immunodetection of enzymes secreted by hyphae of fungi grown in vitro. Additionally, we observed that the supply of various carbohydrates (mono, di, tri and tetrasaccharides and polymers) differentially influenced fungal growth and polypeptide secretion. Since some secreted polypeptides display detrimental effects on grapevine cells, these results raise the question of whether the carbohydrate environment could be a factor affecting the aggressiveness of these pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrette Fleurat-Lessard
- Laboratoire EBI (Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions), UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Estelle Luini
- Laboratoire EBI (Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions), UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Sylvain La Camera
- Laboratoire EBI (Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions), UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Florence Thibault
- Laboratoire EBI (Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions), UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Gabriel Roblin
- Laboratoire EBI (Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions), UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Marc Berjeaud
- Laboratoire EBI (Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions), UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France.
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17
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An X, Cheng Y, Zang H, Li C. Biodegradation characteristics of lignin in pulping wastewater by the thermophilic Serratia sp. AXJ-M: Performance, genetic background, metabolic pathway and toxicity assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121230. [PMID: 36754200 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The key to the efficient removal of pulping wastewater lies in the effective degradation of lignin at high temperature. There is thus an urgent need to seek effective eco-environmental techniques to overcome this environmental limit for lignin degradation. The soil isolate thermophilic Serratia sp. AXJ-M efficiently metabolizes lignin. Nevertheless, the underlying comprehensive molecular mechanism of lignin degradation by thermophilic AXJ-M is poorly understood. Here, strain AXJ-M showed excellent degradation ability toward diverse lignin-related aromatic compounds. Functional genome analysis and RNA-Seq disclosed several traits which in joint consideration suggest a high efficiency of AXJ-M representative to the lignin degradation and environmental adaptation. Multiomics analyses combined with GC-MS revealed seven potential lignin biodegradation pathways. DyP was predicted to be involved in the breakdown of the β-O-4 ether bond, Cα-Cβ bond and Cα oxidation of lignin by prokaryotic expression and gene knockout and complementation. Molecular docking deepens the understanding of the interaction between DyP and lignin. Toxicity assessment experiments clearly indicated that AXJ-M significantly reduced the toxicity of the metabolites. This work expands the knowledge about the degradation mechanism of thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria, most importantly, offers a new perspective on potential applications in utilizing this strain in pulping wastewater bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao An
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, PR China.
| | - Yi Cheng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hailian Zang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Chunyan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
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18
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Fabbri F, Bischof S, Mayr S, Gritsch S, Jimenez Bartolome M, Schwaiger N, Guebitz GM, Weiss R. The Biomodified Lignin Platform: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071694. [PMID: 37050308 PMCID: PMC10096731 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A reliance on fossil fuel has led to the increased emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The excessive consumption of raw materials today makes the search for sustainable resources more pressing than ever. Technical lignins are mainly used in low-value applications such as heat and electricity generation. Green enzyme-based modifications of technical lignin have generated a number of functional lignin-based polymers, fillers, coatings, and many other applications and materials. These bio-modified technical lignins often display similar properties in terms of their durability and elasticity as fossil-based materials while also being biodegradable. Therefore, it is possible to replace a wide range of environmentally damaging materials with lignin-based ones. By researching publications from the last 20 years focusing on the latest findings utilizing databases, a comprehensive collection on this topic was crafted. This review summarizes the recent progress made in enzymatically modifying technical lignins utilizing laccases, peroxidases, and lipases. The underlying enzymatic reaction mechanisms and processes are being elucidated and the application possibilities discussed. In addition, the environmental assessment of novel technical lignin-based products as well as the developments, opportunities, and challenges are highlighted.
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19
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Fang W, Feng S, Jiang Z, Liang W, Li P, Wang B. Understanding the Key Roles of pH Buffer in Accelerating Lignin Degradation by Lignin Peroxidase. JACS AU 2023; 3:536-549. [PMID: 36873691 PMCID: PMC9976348 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
pH buffer plays versatile roles in both biology and chemistry. In this study, we unravel the critical role of pH buffer in accelerating degradation of the lignin substrate in lignin peroxidase (LiP) using QM/MM MD simulations and the nonadiabatic electron transfer (ET) and proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) theories. As a key enzyme involved in lignin degradation, LiP accomplishes the oxidation of lignin via two consecutive ET reactions and the subsequent C-C cleavage of the lignin cation radical. The first one involves ET from Trp171 to the active species of Compound I, while the second one involves ET from the lignin substrate to the Trp171 radical. Differing from the common view that pH = 3 may enhance the oxidizing power of Cpd I via protonation of the protein environment, our study shows that the intrinsic electric fields have minor effects on the first ET step. Instead, our study shows that the pH buffer of tartaric acid plays key roles during the second ET step. Our study shows that the pH buffer of tartaric acid can form a strong H-bond with Glu250, which can prevent the proton transfer from the Trp171-H•+ cation radical to Glu250, thereby stabilizing the Trp171-H•+ cation radical for the lignin oxidation. In addition, the pH buffer of tartaric acid can enhance the oxidizing power of the Trp171-H•+ cation radical via both the protonation of the proximal Asp264 and the second-sphere H-bond with Glu250. Such synergistic effects of pH buffer facilitate the thermodynamics of the second ET step and reduce the overall barrier of lignin degradation by ∼4.3 kcal/mol, which corresponds to a rate acceleration of 103-fold that agrees with experiments. These findings not only expand our understanding on pH-dependent redox reactions in both biology and chemistry but also provide valuable insights into tryptophan-mediated biological ET reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Fang
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Innovation Laboratory
for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province
(IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, P. R. China
| | - Shishi Feng
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Innovation Laboratory
for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province
(IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Innovation Laboratory
for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province
(IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, P. R. China
| | - Wanzhen Liang
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Innovation Laboratory
for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province
(IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University
Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Rd., Chicago, Illinois60660, United States
| | - Binju Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Innovation Laboratory
for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province
(IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, P. R. China
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20
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Potential applications of peroxidase from Luffa acutangula in biotransformation. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-023-02696-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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21
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Chakraborty D, Chatterjee S, Althuri A, Palani SG, Venkata Mohan S. Sustainable enzymatic treatment of organic waste in a framework of circular economy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 370:128487. [PMID: 36528180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic treatment of food and vegetable waste (FVW) is an eco-friendly approach for producing industrially relevant value-added products. This review describes the sources, activities and potential applications of crucial enzymes in FVW valorization. The specific roles of amylase, cellulase, xylanase, ligninase, protease, pectinase, tannase, lipase and zymase enzymes were explained. The exhaustive list of value-added products that could be produced from FVW is presented. FVW valorization through enzymatic and whole-cell enzymatic valorization was compared. The note on global firms specialized in enzyme production reiterates the economic importance of enzymatic treatment. This review provides information on choosing an efficient enzymatic FVW treatment strategy, such as nanoenzyme and cross-linked based enzyme immobilization, to make the process viable, sustainable and cheaper. Finally, the importance of life cycle assessment of enzymatic valorization of FVW was impressed to prove this approach is a better option to shift from a linear to a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debkumar Chakraborty
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sulogna Chatterjee
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Avanthi Althuri
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy-502284, Telangana, India
| | - Sankar Ganesh Palani
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus 500078, India
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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22
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Li J, Dong C, Sen B, Lai Q, Gong L, Wang G, Shao Z. Lignin-oxidizing and xylan-hydrolyzing Vibrio involved in the mineralization of plant detritus in the continental slope. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158714. [PMID: 36113801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A large amount of terrigenous organic matter (TOM) is constantly transported to the deep sea. However, relatively little is known about the microbial mineralization of TOM therein. Our recent in situ enrichment experiments revealed that Vibrio is especially enriched as one of the predominant taxa in the cultures amended with natural plant materials in the deep sea. Yet their role in the mineralization of plant-derived TOM in the deep sea remains largely unknown. Here we isolated Vibrio strains representing dominant members of the enrichments and verified their potential to degrade lignin and xylan. The isolated strains were closely related to Vibrio harveyi, V. alginolyticus, V. diabolicus, and V. parahaemolyticus. Extracellular enzyme assays, and genome and transcriptome analyses revealed diverse peroxidases, including lignin peroxidase (LiP), catalase-peroxidase (KatG), and decolorizing peroxidase (DyP), which played an important role in the depolymerization and oxidation of lignin. Superoxide dismutase was found to likely promote lignin oxidation by supplying H2O2 to LiP, DyP, and KatG. Interestingly, these deep-sea Vibrio strains could oxidize lignin and hydrolyze xylan not only through aerobic pathway, but also through anaerobic pathway. Genome analysis revealed multiple anaerobic respiratory mechanisms, including the reductions of nitrate, arsenate, tetrathionate, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The strains showed the potential to anaerobically reduce sulfite and metal oxides of iron and manganese, in contrast the non-deep-sea Vibrio strains were not retrieved of genes involved in reduction of metal oxides. This is the first report about the lignin oxidation mechanisms in Vibrio and their role in TOM mineralization in anoxic and oxic environments of the marginal sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyang Li
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300387, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of PR China, Xiamen 361005, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PR China; MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Chunming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of PR China, Xiamen 361005, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Biswarup Sen
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Qiliang Lai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of PR China, Xiamen 361005, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Linfeng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of PR China, Xiamen 361005, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Guangyi Wang
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Zongze Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of PR China, Xiamen 361005, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, PR China.
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23
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Chen H, Liang X, Li S, Cui Z, Yong Y, Ni Z, Bu Q, Zhu D. Straw lignin degradation by lignin peroxidase from Irpex lacteus cooperated with enzymes and small molecules. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:95-104. [PMID: 36482053 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maximizing the utility value of enzymes was achieved by exploring the effects of small molecules on the efficiency of lignin degradation by lignin peroxidase. METHODS Using wheat straw as raw material and taking lignin degradation rate as index, it was found that laccase, glucose oxidase, malonic acid, citric acid, ZnSO4, CaCl2 could promote the lignin degradation by the lignin peroxidase from Irpex lacteus, respectively. Moreover, glucose oxidase, malonic acid and CaCl2 had obvious synergy effects on lignin degradation by the lignin peroxidase. RESULTS The optimal conditions of lignin degradation were obtained by response surface experiment: 4% glucose oxidase, 0.74% malonic acid and 3.29% CaCl2 were added for synergistic degradation at 37 ℃ with 50% of water content. After 72 h quickly enzymatic hydrolysis, the degradation rate of lignin was 45.84%. CONCLUSIONS A new green and efficient method for lignin removal from straw was obtained, which provided a reference for the efficient utilization of straw and lignin peroxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayou Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10090, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shouzhi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhoulei Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangchun Yong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong Ni
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quan Bu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daochen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Saratale RG, Cho SK, Bharagava RN, Patel AK, Varjani S, Mulla SI, Kim DS, Bhatia SK, Ferreira LFR, Shin HS, Saratale GD. A critical review on biomass-based sustainable biorefineries using nanobiocatalysts: Opportunities, challenges, and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127926. [PMID: 36100182 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysts, including live microbial cells/enzymes, have been considered a predominant and advantageous tool for effectively transforming biomass into biofuels and valued biochemicals. However, high production costs, separation, and reusability limit its practical application. Immobilization of single and multi-enzymes by employing different nano-supports have gained massive attention because of its elevated exterior domain and high enzymatic performance. Application of nanobiocatalyst can overcome the drawbacks mainly, stability and reusability, thus reflecting the importance of biomass-based biorefinery to make it profitable and sustainable. This review provides an in-depth, comprehensive analysis of nanobiocatalysts systems concerning nano supports and biocatalytic performance characteristics. Furthermore, the effects of nanobiocatalyst on waste biomass to biofuel and valued bioproducts in the biorefinery approach and their critical assessment are discussed. Lastly, this review elaborates commercialization and market outlooks of the bioconversion process using nanobiocatalyst, followed by different strategies to overcome the limitations and future research directions on nanobiocatalytic-based industrial bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rijuta Ganesh Saratale
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Kyung Cho
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ram Naresh Bharagava
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 025, India
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 010, India
| | - Sikandar I Mulla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Health Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore 560 064, India
| | - Dong Su Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira
- Waste and Effluent Treatment Laboratory, Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Han Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Ren J, Li X, Zhang W, Li Z, Wang Q, Li S, Wang S, Li H. Evaluation of application potential of dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in bioremediation of paper and pulp mill effluent. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1031853. [PMID: 36338047 PMCID: PMC9634487 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1031853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulp and paper mill effluent is rich in recalcitrant and toxic pollutants compounds and causes pollution. To find an efficient biocatalyst for the treatment of effluent, a dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MN-13, which is capable of degrading lignin, was used for the bioremediation of paper and pulp mill effluent. The dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BaDyP) exhibited high-redox potential to 2, 2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt (ABTS), veratryl alcohol, Mn2+, reactive blue 19, reactive black 5 and lignin dimer guaiacylglycerol-beta-guaiacyl ether (GGE). When GGE was used as substrate, BaDyP broke β-O-4 bond of GGE and then oxidize Cα to generate vanillin. The Km values for ABTS and veratryl alcohol were 2.19 mm and 0.07 mm, respectively. The Vmax for ABTS and veratryl alcohol were 1.8 mm/min and 14.12 mm/min, respectively. The BaDyP-mediated treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent led to significant reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color. When 5% (v/v) of effluent was treated with BaDyP for 12 h at 30°C and pH 2, the removal of COD, color, and lignin was achieved at 82.7, 80.2, and 78.20%, respectively. In detoxification assay, the seeds of Vigna unguiculata grown in treated effluent showed a significant increase in germination rate from 66.7% (untreated effluent) to 90%, and in radicle length from 0.68 cm (untreated effluent) to 1.26 cm, respectively. In the meanwhile, the inhibition of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis by the treated effluent reduced significantly as compared to untreated effluent, indicating high detoxification performance of BaDyP for the treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent. The findings suggest that BaDyP is a potential catalyst for bioremediation of pulp and paper mill effluent, as it is effective in substantial lowering of pollutants load as well as reduces COD, color, and toxicity of effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Weitao Zhang
- Hebei Animal Husbandry General Station, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhuofan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Quan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Wang,
| | - Shuna Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Shuxiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Hongya Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hongya Li,
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26
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Lima LMS, Okamoto DN, Passarini MRZ, Gonçalves SS, Goldman GH, Silveira MAV, Ramos PL, Cruz JB, Juliano M, Marcondes MFM, Vasconcellos SP. Enzymatic diversity of filamentous fungi isolated from forest soil incremented by sugar cane solid waste. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:3037-3046. [PMID: 33826477 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1914179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fungi are natural degraders of organic matter which can produce enzymes for many industrial and biotechnological applications. In this context, crude enzymatic extracts of fungal isolates were evaluated regarding their hydrolytic and ligninolytic abilities. The fungal strains were isolated from soil samples from Atlantic Rain Forest Park incremented with sugar cane biomass (filter cake), which allowed the selection of efficient lignocellulolytic enzymes. A total of 190 fungi were isolated and evaluated by endocellulase screenings. Thirteen fungi were selected about their hydrolytic and ligninolytic abilities. Among them, three isolates showed xylanolytic activity. Eleven of the isolates were selected by their cellulolytic abilities. Proteolytic enzymes were also detected for three fungi, allowing the classification as metalloprotease and serine protease. The isolates SPZPF3_47 (Mucor sp.), SPZPF1_129 (Byssochlamys nivea) and SPZPF1_141 (Paecilomyces saturatus) were selected for further investigation on their lignin peroxidase abilities. KM, Vmax and kcat apparent for lignin peroxidases were also determined. The strain of Mucor sp. (SPZPF3_47) was highlighted since this fungal genus was not well described about its isolation in the adopted conditions in our study, and showing ligninolytic abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiane M S Lima
- Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Debora N Okamoto
- Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michel R Z Passarini
- Latin American Institute of Life and Natural Sciences, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Sarah S Gonçalves
- Health Science Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H Goldman
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marghuel A V Silveira
- Department of Biophysics, Paulista School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - João B Cruz
- São Paulo Zoo Park Foundation, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Juliano
- Department of Biophysics, Paulista School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F M Marcondes
- Department of Biophysics, Paulista School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzan P Vasconcellos
- Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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27
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Mattoo AJ, Nonzom S. Endophytes in Lignin Valorization: A Novel Approach. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:895414. [PMID: 35928943 PMCID: PMC9343868 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.895414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin, one of the essential components of lignocellulosic biomass, comprises an abundant renewable aromatic resource on the planet earth. Although 15%––40% of lignocellulose pertains to lignin, its annual valorization rate is less than 2% which raises the concern to harness and/or develop effective technologies for its valorization. The basic hindrance lies in the structural heterogeneity, complexity, and stability of lignin that collectively makes it difficult to depolymerize and yield common products. Recently, microbial delignification, an eco-friendly and cheaper technique, has attracted the attention due to the diverse metabolisms of microbes that can channelize multiple lignin-based products into specific target compounds. Also, endophytes, a fascinating group of microbes residing asymptomatically within the plant tissues, exhibit marvellous lignin deconstruction potential. Apart from novel sources for potent and stable ligninases, endophytes share immense ability of depolymerizing lignin into desired valuable products. Despite their efficacy, ligninolytic studies on endophytes are meagre with incomplete understanding of the pathways involved at the molecular level. In the recent years, improvement of thermochemical methods has received much attention, however, we lagged in exploring the novel microbial groups for their delignification efficiency and optimization of this ability. This review summarizes the currently available knowledge about endophytic delignification potential with special emphasis on underlying mechanism of biological funnelling for the production of valuable products. It also highlights the recent advancements in developing the most intriguing methods to depolymerize lignin. Comparative account of thermochemical and biological techniques is accentuated with special emphasis on biological/microbial degradation. Exploring potent biological agents for delignification and focussing on the basic challenges in enhancing lignin valorization and overcoming them could make this renewable resource a promising tool to accomplish Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s) which are supposed to be achieved by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Skarma Nonzom
- *Correspondence: Skarma Nonzom, , orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-7900
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28
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Ghose A, Mitra S. Spent waste from edible mushrooms offers innovative strategies for the remediation of persistent organic micropollutants: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119285. [PMID: 35421550 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Urgent and innovative strategies for removal of persistent organic micropollutants (OMPs) in soil, groundwater, and surface water are the need of the hour. OMPs detected in contaminated soils and effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are categorized as environmentally persistent pharmaceutical pollutants (EPPPs), and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), their admixture could cause serious ecological issues to the non-target species. As complete eradication of OMPs is not possible with the extant conventional WWTPs technology, the inordinate and reckless application of OMPs negatively impacts environmental regenerative and resilience capacity. Therefore, the cardinal focus of this review is the bioremediation of persistent OMPs through efficient application of an agro-waste, i.e. spent mushroom waste (SMW). This innovative, green, long-term strategy embedded in the circular economy, based on state of the art information is comprehensively assessed in this paper. SMW accrues ligninolytic enzymes such as laccase and peroxidase, with efficient mechanism to facilitate biodegradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants. It is vital in this context that future research should address immobilization of such enzymes to overcome quantitative and qualitative issues obstructing their widespread use in biodegradation. Therefore, dual benefit is gained from cultivating critical cash crops like mushrooms to meet the escalating demand for food resources and to aid in biodegradation. Hence, mushroom cultivation has positive environmental, social, and economic implications in developing countries like India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Ghose
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, School of Agro and Rural Technology (SART), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Assam, 781039, India
| | - Sudip Mitra
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, School of Agro and Rural Technology (SART), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Assam, 781039, India; Centre for Disaster Management and Research, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Assam 781039, India.
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29
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Impact of Antibiotics as Waste, Physical, Chemical, and Enzymatical Degradation: Use of Laccases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144436. [PMID: 35889311 PMCID: PMC9319608 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The first traces of Tetracycline (TE) were detected in human skeletons from Sudan and Egypt, finding that it may be related to the diet of the time, the use of some dyes, and the use of soils loaded with microorganisms, such as Streptomyces spp., among other microorganisms capable of producing antibiotics. However, most people only recognise authors dating between 1904 and 1940, such as Ehrlich, Domagk, and Fleming. Antibiotics are the therapeutic option for countless infections treatment; unfortunately, they are the second most common group of drugs in wastewaters worldwide due to failures in industrial waste treatments (pharmaceutics, hospitals, senior residences) and their irrational use in humans and animals. The main antibiotics problem lies in delivered and non-prescribed human use, use in livestock as growth promoters, and crop cultivation as biocides (regulated activities that have not complied in some places). This practice has led to the toxicity of the environment as antibiotics generate eutrophication, water pollution, nutrient imbalance, and press antibiotic resistance. In addition, the removal of antibiotics is not a required process in global wastewater treatment standards. This review aims to raise awareness of the negative impact of antibiotics as residues and physical, chemical, and biological treatments for their degradation. We discuss the high cost of physical and chemical treatments, the risk of using chemicals that worsen the situation, and the fact that each antibiotic class can be transformed differently with each of these treatments and generate new compounds that could be more toxic than the original ones; also, we discuss the use of enzymes for antibiotic degradation, with emphasis on laccases.
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30
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Jakhesara, Tulsani NJ, Hinsu AT, Jyotsana B, Dafale NA, Patil NV, Purohit HJ, Joshi CG. Genome analysis and CAZy repertoire of a novel fungus Aspergillus sydowii C6d with lignocellulolytic ability isolated from camel rumen. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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31
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Laccase Mediator Cocktail System as a Sustainable Skin Whitening Agent for Deep Eumelanin Decolorization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116238. [PMID: 35682916 PMCID: PMC9181290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The overproduction of eumelanin leads to a panel of unaesthetic hyper-pigmented skin diseases, including melasma and age spots. The treatment of these diseases often requires the use of tyrosinase inhibitors, which act as skin whitening agents by inhibiting the synthesis of eumelanin, with harmful side effects. We report here that laccase from Trametes versicolor in association with a cocktail of natural phenol redox mediators efficiently degraded eumelanin from Sepia officinalis, offering an alternative procedure to traditional whitening agents. Redox mediators showed a synergistic effect with respect to their single-mediator counterpart, highlighting the beneficial role of the cocktail system. The pro-oxidant DHICA sub-units of eumelanin were degraded better than the DHI counterpart, as monitored by the formation of pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA) and pyrrole-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (PDCA) degradation products. The most effective laccase-mediated cocktail system was successively applied in a two-component prototype of a topical whitening cream, showing high degradative efficacy against eumelanin.
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32
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Jian T, Zhou Y, Wang P, Yang W, Mu P, Zhang X, Zhang X, Chen CL. Highly stable and tunable peptoid/hemin enzymatic mimetics with natural peroxidase-like activities. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3025. [PMID: 35641490 PMCID: PMC9156750 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing tunable and stable peroxidase mimetics with high catalytic efficiency provides a promising opportunity to improve and expand enzymatic catalysis in lignin depolymerization. A class of peptoid-based peroxidase mimetics with tunable catalytic activity and high stability is developed by constructing peptoids and hemins into self-assembled crystalline nanomaterials. By varying peptoid side chain chemistry to tailor the microenvironment of active sites, these self-assembled peptoid/hemin nanomaterials (Pep/hemin) exhibit highly modulable catalytic activities toward two lignin model substrates 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine. Among them, a Pep/hemin complex containing the pyridyl side chain showed the best catalytic efficiency (Vmax/Km = 5.81 × 10−3 s−1). These Pep/hemin catalysts are highly stable; kinetics studies suggest that they follow a peroxidase-like mechanism. Moreover, they exhibit a high efficacy on depolymerization of a biorefinery lignin. Because Pep/hemin catalysts are highly robust and tunable, we expect that they offer tremendous opportunities for lignin valorization to high value products. Peroxidase mimics are currently being investigated as catalysts for lignin depolymerisation. In this article, the authors investigate a class of self-assembled and highly stable peptoid/hemin nanomaterials as peroxidase mimics that are highly stable and tuneable for the depolymerisation of a biorefinery lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyue Jian
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Yicheng Zhou
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.,The Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Peipei Wang
- The Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Wenchao Yang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Mu
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.
| | - Chun-Long Chen
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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33
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Cheng M, Wijayawardene NN, Promputtha I, de Vries RP, Lan Y, Luo G, Wang M, Li Q, Guo X, Wang F, Liu Y, Kang Y. Potential Fungi Isolated From Anti-biodegradable Chinese Medicine Residue to Degrade Lignocellulose. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:877884. [PMID: 35620098 PMCID: PMC9127797 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.877884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine is one of the ancient medicines which is popular in Asian countries, among which the residue produced by the use of anti-biodegradables is endless, and causes significant adverse impacts on the environment. However, the high acidity of anti-biodegradable residues and some special biological activities make it difficult for microorganisms to survive, resulting in a very low degradation rate of lignocellulose in naturally stacked residues, which directly impedes the degradation of residues. We aimed to identify the fungal strains that efficiently biodegrade anti-biodegradable residue and see the possibility to improve the biodegradation of it and other agricultural wastes by co-cultivating these fungi. We isolated 302 fungal strains from anti-biodegradable residue to test hydrolysis ability. Finally, we found Coniochaeta sp., Fomitopsis sp., Nemania sp., Talaromyces sp., Phaeophlebiopsis sp. which inhabit the anti-biodegradable residues are capable of producing higher concentrations of extracellular enzymes. Synergistic fungal combinations (viz., Fomitopsis sp. + Phaeophlebiopsis sp.; Talaromyces sp. + Coniochaeta sp. + Fomitopsis sp.; Talaromyces sp. + Fomitopsis sp. + Piloderma sp. and Talaromyces sp. + Nemania sp. + Piloderma sp.) have better overall degradation effect on lignocellulose. Therefore, these fungi and their combinations have strong potential to be further developed for bioremediation and biological enzyme industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Nalin N Wijayawardene
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, China.,Section of Genetics, Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka
| | - Itthayakorn Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Faculty of Science, Environmental Science Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ronald P de Vries
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute and Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Yongzhe Lan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meizhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qirui Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinyao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Academician Workstation of Microbiology and Health, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Academician Workstation of Microbiology and Health, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Yingqian Kang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Academician Workstation of Microbiology and Health, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
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34
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Xiao F, Xu W, Hong N, Wang L, Zhang Y, Wang G. A Secreted Lignin Peroxidase Required for Fungal Growth and Virulence and Related to Plant Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6066. [PMID: 35682745 PMCID: PMC9181491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Botryosphaeria spp. are important phytopathogenic fungi that infect a wide range of woody plants, resulting in big losses worldwide each year. However, their pathogenetic mechanisms and the related virulence factors are rarely addressed. In this study, seven lignin peroxidase (LiP) paralogs were detected in Botryosphaeria kuwatsukai, named BkLiP1 to BkLiP7, respectively, while only BkLiP1 was identified as responsible for the vegetative growth and virulence of B. kuwatsukai as assessed in combination with knock-out, complementation, and overexpression approaches. Moreover, BkLiP1, with the aid of a signal peptide (SP), is translocated onto the cell wall of B. kuwatsukai and secreted into the apoplast space of plant cells as expressed in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana, which can behave as a microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) to trigger the defense response of plants, including cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, callose deposition, and immunity-related genes up-regulated. It supports the conclusion that BkLiP1 plays an important role in the virulence and vegetative growth of B. kuwatsukai and alternatively behaves as an MAMP to induce plant cell death used for the fungal version, which contributes to a better understanding of the pathogenetic mechanism of Botryosphaeria fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.X.); (W.X.); (N.H.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology, and Germplasm Creation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenxing Xu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.X.); (W.X.); (N.H.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology, and Germplasm Creation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ni Hong
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.X.); (W.X.); (N.H.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology, and Germplasm Creation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liping Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.X.); (W.X.); (N.H.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology, and Germplasm Creation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongle Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.X.); (W.X.); (N.H.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology, and Germplasm Creation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.X.); (W.X.); (N.H.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology, and Germplasm Creation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Lu Q, Jia L, Awasthi MK, Jing G, Wang Y, He L, Zhao N, Chen Z, Zhang Z, Shi X. Variations in lignin monomer contents and stable hydrogen isotope ratios in methoxy groups during the biodegradation of garden biomass. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8734. [PMID: 35610354 PMCID: PMC9130509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin, a highly polymerized organic component of plant cells, is one of the most difficult aromatic substances to degrade. Selective biodegradation under mild conditions is a promising method, but the dynamic variations in lignin monomers during the biodegradation of lignocellulose are not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the differences in lignin degradation under different microbial inoculation based on the lignin monomer content, monomer ratio, and stable hydrogen isotope ratio of lignin methoxy groups (δ2HLM). The weight loss during degradation and the net loss of lignocellulosic components improved dramatically with fungal inoculation. Syringyl monolignol (S-lignin), which contains two methoxy groups, was more difficult to degrade than guaiacyl (G-lignin), which contains only one methoxy group. The co-culture of Pseudomonas mandelii and Aspergillus fumigatus produced the greatest decrease in the G/S ratio, but δ2HLM values did not differ significantly among the three biodegradation experiments, although the enrichment was done within the fungal inoculation. The fluctuation of δ2HLM values during the initial phase of biodegradation may be related to the loss of pectic polysaccharides (another methoxy donor), which mainly originate from fallen leaves. Overall, the relative δ2HLM signals were preserved despite decreasing G/S ratios in the three degradation systems. Nevertheless, some details of lignin δ2HLM as a biomarker for biogeochemical cycles need to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource and Biotech Applications, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), No.17, Cuihua South Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Lili Jia
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Guanghua Jing
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource and Biotech Applications, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), No.17, Cuihua South Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yabo Wang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Liyan He
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource and Biotech Applications, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), No.17, Cuihua South Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource and Biotech Applications, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), No.17, Cuihua South Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhikun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource and Biotech Applications, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), No.17, Cuihua South Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource and Biotech Applications, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), No.17, Cuihua South Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xinwei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource and Biotech Applications, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), No.17, Cuihua South Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Evaluation of Lignocellulosic Wastewater Valorization with the Oleaginous Yeasts R. kratochvilovae EXF7516 and C. oleaginosum ATCC 20509. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8050204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
During the conversion of lignocellulose, phenolic wastewaters are generated. Therefore, researchers have investigated wastewater valorization processes in which these pollutants are converted to chemicals, i.e., lipids. However, wastewaters are lean feedstocks, so these valorization processes in research typically require the addition of large quantities of sugars and sterilization, which increase costs. This paper investigates a repeated batch fermentation strategy with Rhodotorula kratochvilovae EXF7516 and Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosum ATCC 20509, without these requirements. The pollutant removal and its conversion to microbial oil were evaluated. Because of the presence of non-monomeric substrates, the ligninolytic enzyme activity was also investigated. The repeated batch fermentation strategy was successful, as more lipids accumulated every cycle, up to a total of 5.4 g/L (23% cell dry weight). In addition, the yeasts consumed up to 87% of monomeric substrates, i.e., sugars, aromatics, and organics acids, and up to 23% of non-monomeric substrates, i.e., partially degraded xylan, lignin, cellulose. Interestingly, lipid production was only observed during the harvest phase of each cycle, as the cells experienced stress, possibly due to oxygen limitation. This work presents the first results on the feasibility of valorizing non-sterilized lignocellulosic wastewater with R. kratochvilovae and C. oleaginosum using a cost-effective repeated batch strategy.
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Singh AK, Bilal M, Iqbal HMN, Raj A. In silico analytical toolset for predictive degradation and toxicity of hazardous pollutants in water sources. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133250. [PMID: 34922975 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Different phenolic compounds, including multimeric lignin derivatives in the β-O-4 form, are among the most prevalent compounds in wastewater, often generated from paper industries. Relatively small concentrations of lignin are hazardous to aquatic organisms and can trigger severe environmental hazards. Herein, we present a predictive toolset to insight the induced toxic hazards prediction, and their Lignin peroxidase (LiP)-assisted degradation mechanism of selected multimeric lignin model compounds. T.E.ST and Toxtree toolset were deployed for toxic hazards estimation in different endpoints. To minimize the concerning hazards, we screened multimeric compounds for binding affinity with LiP. The binding affinity was found to be significantly lower than the reference compound. An Extra precision (XP) Glide score of -6.796 kcal/mol was found for dimer (guaiacyl 4-O-5 guaiacyl) complex as lowest compared to reference compound (-4.007 kcal/mol). The active site residues ASP-153, HIP-226, VAL-227, ARG-244, GLU-215, 239, PHE-261 were identified as site-specific key binding AA residues actively involved with corresponding ligands, forming Hydrophobic, H-Bond, π-Stacking, π-π type interactions. The DESMOND-assisted molecular dynamics simulation's (MDS) trajectories of protein-ligand revealed the considerable binding behavior and attained stability and system equilibrium state. Such theoretical and predictive conclusions indicted the feasibility of LiP assisted sustainable mitigation of lignin-based compounds, and such could be used to protect the environment from the potential hazards posed by recognized similar pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Singh
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
| | - Abhay Raj
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Mukhopadhyay D, Gupta P, Patidar R, Srivastava VC. Microbial peroxide producing cell mediated lignin valorization. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:431-437. [PMID: 34999046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is one of the most abundant naturally occurring polymers and can produce value-added products such as vanillin and p-coumaric acid. In the current work, in-situ depolymerization of lignin for its valorization in a microbial peroxide-producing cell (MPPC) system was performed. It is an electrochemical cell that requires no external energy to produce H2O2 for the advanced oxidation process. Lignin in the MPPC system undergoes oxidative depolymerization to generate value-added products. The maximum open-circuit voltage (OCV) was 1.143 V, the current density and power densities were 14 mA/cm2 and 13 mW/cm2, respectively, along with the production of 26 mM of H2O2. The degradation of signature linkages such as β-β bond and β-0-4 bond were analyzed and confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy. Vanillin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, etc. were generated during depolymerization and were detected using LC-QTOF-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruva Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chattisgarh 492010, India.
| | - Pratima Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chattisgarh 492010, India.
| | - Ritesh Patidar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India; Department of Petroleum Engineering, Rajasthan Technical University, Kota, Rajasthan 324010, India.
| | - Vimal Chandra Srivastava
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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Gao Y, Shah K, Kwok I, Wang M, Rome LH, Mahendra S. Immobilized fungal enzymes: Innovations and potential applications in biodegradation and biosynthesis. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 57:107936. [PMID: 35276253 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Microbial enzymes catalyze various reactions inside and outside living cells. Among the widely studied enzymes, fungal enzymes have been used for some of the most diverse purposes, especially in bioremediation, biosynthesis, and many nature-inspired commercial applications. To improve their stability and catalytic ability, fungal enzymes are often immobilized on assorted materials, conventional as well as nanoscale. Recent advances in fungal enzyme immobilization provide effective and sustainable approaches to achieve improved environmental and commercial outcomes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of commonly studied fungal enzymes and immobilization technologies. It also summarizes recent advances involving immobilized fungal enzymes for the degradation or assembly of compounds used in the manufacture of products, such as detergents, food additives, and fossil fuel alternatives. Furthermore, challenges and future directions are highlighted to offer new perspectives on improving existing technologies and addressing unexplored fields of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Kshitjia Shah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Ivy Kwok
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Leonard H Rome
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Shaily Mahendra
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
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40
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Lopez Camas K, Ullah A. Depolymerization of lignin into high-value products. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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41
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Panahabadi R, Ahmadikhah A, McKee LS, Ingvarsson PK, Farrokhi N. Genome-wide association study for lignocellulosic compounds and fermentable sugar in rice straw. THE PLANT GENOME 2022; 15:e20174. [PMID: 34806838 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose and lignin are the two main components of secondary plant cell walls with substantial impact on stalk in the field and on straw during industrial processing. The amount of fermentable sugar that can be accessed is another important parameter affecting various industrial applications. In the present study, genetic variability of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for cellulose, lignin, and fermentable sugars contents was analyzed in rice straw. A genome-wide association study of 33,484 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with a minor allele frequency (MAF) >0.05 was performed. The genome-wide association study identified seven, three, and three genomic regions to be significantly associated with cellulose, lignin, and fermentable sugar contents, respectively. Candidate genes in the associated genomic regions were enzymes mainly involved in cell wall metabolism. Novel SNP markers associated with cellulose were tagged to GH16, peroxidase, GT6, GT8, and CSLD2. For lignin content, Villin protein, OsWAK1/50/52/53, and GH16 were identified. For fermentable sugar content, UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1, and receptor-like protein kinase 5 were found. The results of this study should improve our understanding of the genetic basis of the factors that might be involved in biosynthesis, turnover, and modification of major cell wall components and saccharides in rice straw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahele Panahabadi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti Univ., Tehran, Iran
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden
| | | | - Lauren S McKee
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Teknikringen 56-58, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Pär K Ingvarsson
- Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Dep. of Plant Biology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Naser Farrokhi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti Univ., Tehran, Iran
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Isolation and characterization of microorganisms capable of cleaving the ether bond of 2-phenoxyacetophenone. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2874. [PMID: 35190591 PMCID: PMC8861056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin is a heterogeneous aromatic polymer and major component of plant cell walls. The β-O-4 alkyl aryl ether is the most abundant linkage within lignin. Given that lignin is effectively degraded on earth, as yet unknown ether bond-cleaving microorganisms could still exist in nature. In this study, we searched for microorganisms that transform 2-phenoxyacetophenone (2-PAP), a model compound for the β-O-4 linkage in lignin, by monitoring ether bond cleavage. We first isolated microorganisms that grew on medium including humic acid (soil-derived organic compound) as a carbon source. The isolated microorganisms were subsequently subjected to colorimetric assay for 2-PAP ether bond-cleaving activity; cells of the isolated strains were incubated with 2-PAP, and strains producing phenol via ether bond cleavage were selected using phenol-sensitive Gibbs reagent. This screening procedure enabled the isolation of various 2-PAP-transforming microorganisms, including 7 bacteria (genera: Acinetobacter, Cupriavidus, Nocardioides, or Streptomyces) and 1 fungus (genus: Penicillium). To our knowledge, these are the first microorganisms demonstrated to cleave the ether bond of 2-PAP. One Gram-negative bacterium, Acinetobacter sp. TUS-SO1, was characterized in detail. HPLC and GC-MS analyses revealed that strain TUS-SO1 oxidatively and selectively cleaves the ether bond of 2-PAP to produce phenol and benzoate. These results indicate that the transformation mechanism differs from that involved in reductive β-etherase, which has been well studied. Furthermore, strain TUS-SO1 efficiently transformed 2-PAP; glucose-grown TUS-SO1 cells converted 1 mM 2-PAP within only 12 h. These microorganisms might play important roles in the degradation of lignin-related compounds in nature.
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Bharathi D, Nandagopal JGT, Ranjithkumar R, Gupta PK, Djearamane S. Microbial approaches for sustainable remediation of dye-contaminated wastewater: a review. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:169. [PMID: 35157149 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02767-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The coloured effluents produced from different industries, such as textile, plastics, printing, cosmetics, leather and paper, are extremely toxic and a tremendous threat to the aquatic organisms and human beings. The removal of coloured dye pollutants from the aqueous environment is a great challenge and a pressing task. The growing demand for low-cost and efficient treatment approaches has given rise to alternative and eco-friendly methods, such as biodegradation and microbial remediation. This work summarizes the overview and current research on the remediation of dye pollutants from the aqueous environment by microbial bio-sorbents, such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and yeast. In addition, dye degradation capabilities of microbial enzymes have been highlighted and discussed. Further, the influence of various experimental parameters, such as temperature, pH, and concentrations of nutrients, and dye, has been summarized. The proposed mechanism for dye removal by microorganisms is also discussed. The object of this review is to provide a state-of-the-art of microbial remediation technologies in eliminating dye pollutants from water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Bharathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindusthan College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641028, India.
| | | | | | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Sinouvassane Djearamane
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan University, Bandar Barat, 31900, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
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Brazkova M, Koleva R, Angelova G, Yemendzhiev H. Ligninolytic enzymes in Basidiomycetes and their application in xenobiotics degradation. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20224502009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Variety of microorganisms have already proven their capabilities for degradation of wide range of wastes with anthropogenic nature. These pollutants, both liquid and solids, also include so called xenobiotics like phenol and its derivatives, PAHs, dyes, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, etc. Xenobiotics as bisphenol A (BPA), chlorhexidine (CHX), octenidine (OCT), other disinfectants and antiseptics have high ecotoxicological impact. Moreover, they can also impair our quality of life and our health interfering different metabolic and hormone receptors pathways in human body. Chemical treatment of such wastes is not a viable option because of its poor socio-economics and environmental merits. Therefore, applying effective, ecofriendly and cheap treatment methods is of great importance. Basidiomycetes are extensively investigated for their abilities to degrade numerous pollutants and xenobiotics. Through their extracellular ligninolytic enzymes they are capable of reducing or completely removing wide range of hazardous compounds. These enzymes can be categorized in two groups: oxidases (laccase) and peroxidases (manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, versatile peroxidase). Due to the broad substrate specificity of the secreted enzymes Basidiomycetes can be applied as a powerful tool for bioremediation of diverse xenobiotics and recalcitrant compounds.
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Sellami K, Couvert A, Nasrallah N, Maachi R, Abouseoud M, Amrane A. Peroxidase enzymes as green catalysts for bioremediation and biotechnological applications: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150500. [PMID: 34852426 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The fast-growing consumer demand drives industrial process intensification, which subsequently creates a significant amount of waste. These products are discharged into the environment and can affect the quality of air, degrade water streams, and alter soil characteristics. Waste materials may contain polluting agents that are especially harmful to human health and the ecosystem, such as the synthetic dyes, phenolic agents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides and drug substances. Peroxidases are a class oxidoreductases capable of performing a wide variety of oxidation reactions, ranging from reactions driven by radical mechanisms, to oxygen insertion into CH bonds, and two-electron substrate oxidation. This versatility in the mode of action presents peroxidases as an interesting alternative in cleaning the environment. Herein, an effort has been made to describe mechanisms governing biochemical process of peroxidase enzymes while referring to H2O2/substrate stoichiometry and metabolite products. Plant peroxidases including horseradish peroxidase (HRP), soybean peroxidase (SBP), turnip and bitter gourd peroxidases have revealed notable biocatalytic potentialities in the degradation of toxic products. On the other hand, an introduction on the role played by ligninolytic enzymes such as manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) in the valorization of lignocellulosic materials is addressed. Moreover, sensitivity and selectivity of peroxidase-based biosensors found use in the quantitation of constituents and the development of diagnostic kits. The general merits of peroxidases and some key prospective applications have been outlined as concluding remarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kheireddine Sellami
- Laboratoire de Génie de la Réaction, Faculté de Génie Mécanique et Génie des Procédés, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Bab Ezzouar, Alger 16111, Algeria; Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Annabelle Couvert
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Noureddine Nasrallah
- Laboratoire de Génie de la Réaction, Faculté de Génie Mécanique et Génie des Procédés, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Bab Ezzouar, Alger 16111, Algeria
| | - Rachida Maachi
- Laboratoire de Génie de la Réaction, Faculté de Génie Mécanique et Génie des Procédés, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Bab Ezzouar, Alger 16111, Algeria
| | - Mahmoud Abouseoud
- Laboratoire de Génie de la Réaction, Faculté de Génie Mécanique et Génie des Procédés, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Bab Ezzouar, Alger 16111, Algeria; Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Phénomènes de Transport, Faculté des Sciences et de la Technologie, Université Yahia Fares de Médéa, Pôle Universitaire, RN1, Médéa 26000, Algeria
| | - Abdeltif Amrane
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Rathore S, Varshney A, Mohan S, Dahiya P. An innovative approach of bioremediation in enzymatic degradation of xenobiotics. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022; 38:1-32. [PMID: 35081881 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2027628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, environmental pollution due to a complex mixture of xenobiotics has become a serious concern. Several xenobiotic compounds cause environmental contamination due to their severe toxicity, prolonged exposure, and limited biodegradability. From the past few decades, microbial-assisted degradation (bioremediation) of xenobiotic pollutants has evolved as the most effective, eco-friendly, and valuable approach. Microorganisms have unique metabolism, the capability of genetic modification, diversity of enzymes, and various degradation pathways necessary for the bioremediation process. Microbial xenobiotic degradation is effective but a slow process that limits its application in bioremediation. However, the study of microbial enzymes for bioremediation is gaining global importance. Microbial enzymes have a huge ability to transform contaminants into non-toxic forms and thereby reduce environmental pollution. Recently, various advanced techniques, including metagenomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics are effectively utilized for the characterization, metabolic machinery, new proteins, metabolic genes of microorganisms involved in the degradation process. These advanced molecular techniques provide a thorough understanding of the structural and functional aspects of complex microorganisms. This review gives a brief note on xenobiotics and their impact on the environment. Particular attention will be devoted to the class of pollutants and the enzymes such as cytochrome P450, dehydrogenase, laccase, hydrolase, protease, lipase, etc. capable of converting these pollutants into innocuous products. This review attempts to deliver knowledge on the role of various enzymes in the biodegradation of xenobiotic pollutants, along with the use of advanced technologies like recombinant DNA technology and Omics approaches to make the process more robust and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayushi Varshney
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Noida, India
| | - Sumedha Mohan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Noida, India
| | - Praveen Dahiya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Noida, India
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Recent Advances in Synthesis and Degradation of Lignin and Lignin Nanoparticles and Their Emerging Applications in Nanotechnology. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030953. [PMID: 35160893 PMCID: PMC8838035 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is an important commercially produced polymeric material. It is used extensively in both industrial and agricultural activities. Recently, it has drawn much attention from the scientific community. It is abundantly present in nature and has significant application in the production of biodegradable materials. Its wide usage includes drug delivery, polymers and several forms of emerging lignin nanoparticles. The synthesis of lignin nanoparticles is carried out in a controlled manner. The traditional manufacturing techniques are costly and often toxic and hazardous to the environment. This review article highlights simple, safe, climate-friendly and ecological approaches to the synthesis of lignin nanoparticles. The changeable, complex structure and recalcitrant nature of lignin makes it challenging to degrade. Researchers have discovered a small number of microorganisms that have developed enzymatic and non-enzymatic metabolic pathways to use lignin as a carbon source. These microbes show promising potential for the biodegradation of lignin. The degradation pathways of these microbes are also described, which makes the study of biological synthesis much easier. However, surface modification of lignin nanoparticles is something that is yet to be explored. This review elucidates the recent advances in the biodegradation of lignin in the ecological system. It includes the current approaches, methods for modification, new applications and research for the synthesis of lignin and lignin nanoparticles. Additionally, the intricacy of lignin’s structure, along with its chemical nature, is well-described. This article will help increase the understanding of the utilization of lignin as an economical and alternative-resource material. It will also aid in the minimization of solid waste arising from lignin.
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Yang K, Ren S, Mei M, Jin Y, Xiang W, Shi Z, Ai Z, Yi L, Xie B. Removal of antibiotic thiamphenicol by bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila HS01. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:37. [PMID: 35018528 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thiamphenicol (TAP) is an amphenicol antibiotic, which has a broad-spectrum inhibitory effect on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Since it is widely used in animals and aquaculture, its residues in environment may bring potential risk for human health and ecosystems. While TAP can be removed through conventional physical or chemical methods, its bioremediation using microorganisms is less studied. Here, we report the removal of TAP by a bacterial strain, Aeromonas hydrophila HS01, which can remove more than 90.0% of TAP in a living cell-dependent manner. Our results indicated that its removal efficiency can be greatly affected by the growth condition. Proteomics studies revealed a number of differentially expressed proteins of HS01 in the presence of TAP, which may play critical roles in the transportation and degradation of TAP. All these results indicate bacterial strain A. hydrophila HS01 is a new microbial resource for efficiently removing TAP, and may shed new insights in developing bioremediation approaches for TAP pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Sanguo Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Meng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yuanpei Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Zunji Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zhihui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Bo Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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Zhao Z, Shao S, Liu N, Liu Q, Jacquemyn H, Xing X. Extracellular Enzyme Activities and Carbon/Nitrogen Utilization in Mycorrhizal Fungi Isolated From Epiphytic and Terrestrial Orchids. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:787820. [PMID: 34992588 PMCID: PMC8724439 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.787820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi employ extracellular enzymes to initiate the degradation of organic macromolecules into smaller units and to acquire the nutrients for their growth. As such, these enzymes represent important functional components in terrestrial ecosystems. While it is well-known that the regulation and efficiency of extracellular enzymes to degrade organic macromolecules and nutrient-acquisition patterns strongly differ between major fungal groups, less is known about variation in enzymatic activity and carbon/nitrogen preference in mycorrhizal fungi. In this research, we investigated variation in extracellular enzyme activities and carbon/nitrogen preferences in orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF). Previous research has shown that the mycorrhizal fungi associating with terrestrial orchids often differ from those associating with epiphytic orchids, but whether extracellular enzyme activities and carbon/nitrogen preference differ between growth forms remains largely unknown. To fill this gap, we compared the activities of five extracellular enzymes [cellulase, xylanase, lignin peroxidase, laccase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] between fungi isolated from epiphytic and terrestrial orchids. In total, 24 fungal strains belonging to Tulasnellaceae were investigated. Cellulase and xylanase activities were significantly higher in fungi isolated from terrestrial orchids (0.050 ± 0.006 U/ml and 0.531 ± 0.071 U/ml, respectively) than those from epiphytic orchids (0.043 ± 0.003 U/ml and 0.295 ± 0.067 U/ml, respectively), while SOD activity was significantly higher in OMF from epiphytic orchids (5.663 ± 0.164 U/ml) than those from terrestrial orchids (3.780 ± 0.180 U/ml). Carboxymethyl cellulose was more efficiently used by fungi from terrestrial orchids, while starch and arginine were more suitable for fungi from epiphytic orchids. Overall, the results of this study show that extracellular enzyme activities and to a lesser extent carbon/nitrogen preferences differ between fungi isolated from terrestrial and epiphytic orchids and may indicate functional differentiation and ecological adaptation of OMF to local growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shicheng Shao
- Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Kunming, China
| | - Hans Jacquemyn
- Department of Biology, Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xiaoke Xing
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Behera A, Pradhan SP, Ahmed FK, Abd-Elsalam KA. Enzymatic synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Mechanisms and applications. GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOMATERIALS 2022:699-756. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-824508-8.00030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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