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Li Y, Sun M, Tian X, Bao T, Yu Q, Ma NL, Gan R, Cheang WS, Wu X. Gymnemic acid alleviates gut barrier disruption and lipid dysmetabolism via regulating gut microbiota in HFD hamsters. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 133:109709. [PMID: 39053860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut barrier disruption are key events associated with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced systemic metabolic disorders. Gymnemic acid (GA) has been reported to have an important role in alleviating HFD-induced disorders of glycolipid metabolism, but its regulatory role in HFD-induced disorders of the gut microbiota and gut barrier function has not been elucidated. Here we showed that GA intervention in HFD-induced hamsters increased the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing microbes including Lactobacillus (P<.05) and Lachnoclostridium (P<.01) in the gut, and reduced the relative abundance of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing microbes including Enterococcus (P<.05) and Bacteroides (P<.05), subsequently improving HFD-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Specifically, GA intervention reduced mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (P<.01), increased mRNA expression of antioxidant-related genes, including Nfe2l2, Ho-1, and Nqo1 (P<.01), and increased mRNA expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, including Occludin and Claudin-1 (P<.01), thereby improving gut barrier function of HFD hamsters. This ameliorative effect of GA on the gut of HFD hamsters may further promote lipid metabolic balance in liver and adipose tissue by regulating the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Taken together, these results systematically revealed the important role of GA in regulating HFD-induced gut microbiota disturbance and gut barrier function impairment, providing a potential clinical theoretical basis for targeted treatment of HFD-induced microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China; TIB-UM Joint Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- Air Force Medical Center of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China; College of food science & nutritional engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xutong Tian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tongtong Bao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- BIOSES Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science & Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Renyou Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China; TIB-UM Joint Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China; TIB-UM Joint Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
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Tieppo AM, Tieppo JS, Rivetti LA. Analysis of Intestinal Bacterial Microbiota in Individuals with and without Chronic Low Back Pain. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7339-7352. [PMID: 39057076 PMCID: PMC11276315 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Low back pain is a health problem that represents the greatest cause of years lived with disability. This research seeks to evaluate the bacterial composition of the intestinal microbiota of two similar groups: one with chronic low back pain (PG) and the control group (CG). Clinical data from 73 participants and bacterial genome sequencing data from stool samples were analyzed. There were 40 individuals in PG and 33 in CG, aged between 20 and 50 years and with a body mass index of up to 30 kg/m2. Thus, the intragroup alpha diversity and intergroup beta diversity were analyzed. The significant results (p < 0.05) showed greater species richness in PG compared to CG. Additionally, a greater abundance of the species Clostridium difficile in PG was found along with 52 species with significantly different average relative abundances between groups (adjusted p < 0.05), with 36 more abundant species in PG and 16 in CG. We are the first to unveil significant differences in the composition of the intestinal bacterial microbiota of individuals with chronic low back pain who are non-elderly, non-obese and without any other serious chronic diseases. It could be a reference for a possible intestinal bacterial microbiota signature in chronic low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Martins Tieppo
- Rehabilitation Service, School of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo 01221-020, Brazil
| | - Júlia Silva Tieppo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Rivetti
- Postgraduate Cardiac Surgery Discipline, School of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo 01221-020, Brazil;
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Li J, Li Y, Zhao J, Li L, Wang Y, Chen F, Li Y, Cheng R, He F, Ze X, Shen X. Effects of Bifidobacterium breve 207-1 on regulating lifestyle behaviors and mental wellness in healthy adults based on the microbiome-gut-brain axis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03447-2. [PMID: 38869657 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study aimed to explore the efficacy of Bifidobacterium breve 207-1 on specific neurotransmitters and hormones and the ability to regulate lifestyle behaviors in healthy adults. METHODS In total, 120 healthy adults with high mental stress, overweight, insomnia, and constipation were randomly assigned to receive low-dose B. breve 207-1 (LD, n = 40), high-dose B. breve 207-1 (HD, n = 40), or placebo (n = 40) for 28 days. Fecal and blood samples were collected and questionnaires were answered before and after the trial. Neurotransmitters and serum hormones were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The gut microbiota composition was assessed using 16 S rRNA sequencing. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations were determined via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS The primary outcome of our study was changes in mental wellness, including neurotransmitters, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrena (HPA) axis hormones, and the psychological scales. The results showed that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) increased significantly and the HPA axis hormones were suppressed overall in the probiotic groups while 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) did not change significantly. However, there was no significant change in mood scale scores. The secondary outcome focused on the ability of 207-1 to regulate the body and lifestyle of healthy adults (e.g., sleep, diet, exercise, etc.). The PSQI scores in the probiotics groups significantly decreased, indicating improved sleep quality. Meanwhile, the probiotic groups had a slight increase in exercise consumption while dietary intake stabilized. By physical examination, the participants showed weight loss although no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups. Then, validated by gut microbiota, changes in the gut microbiota were observed under the effective intervention of 207-1 while short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) increased in the LD group, particularly acetic and propionic acids. There was a slight decrease in alpha-diversity in the HD group. CONCLUSION Bifidobacterium breve 207-1 entered the organism and affected neurotransmitter and the HPA axis hormone levels via the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Meanwhile, 207-1 supplementation improved daily lifestyle behaviors in healthy adults, which may in turn lead to changes in their bodies (e.g. weight and lipid metabolism). However, this study did not find significant mood-modulating efficacy. The mechanism of the overall study is unclear, but we hypothesize that SCFAs may be the key pathway, and more experiments are needed for validation in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was retrospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry under the accession number ChiCTR2300069453 on March 16, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yapeng Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jincheng Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Li
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Yunyi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruyue Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolei Ze
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510663, China.
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Yadav A, Yadav R, Khare P. Impact of cultivating different Ocimum species on bioaerosol bacterial communities and functional genome at an agricultural site. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124289. [PMID: 38825219 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The effects of the surrounding environment on the bacterial composition of bioaerosol were well documented for polluted and contaminated sites. However, there is limited data on the impact of plant species, especially those that produce aromas, on bioaerosol composition at agricultural sites. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate the variability in bacterial communities present in bioaerosol samples collected from agricultural sites with aroma-producing crops. For this, PM2.5, PM10, and bioaerosol samples were collected from agricultural fields growing Ocimum [two varieties of O. sanctum (CIM-Aayu and CIM-Angana)] and O. kilimandscharicum (Kapoor), nearby traffic junctions and suburban areas. PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations at the agricultural site were in between the other two polluted sites. However, bioaerosol concentration was lower at agricultural sites than at other sites. The culturable bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus tequilensis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were more prevalent in agricultural sites than in other areas. However, the composition of non-culturable bacteria varied between sites and differed in three fields where Ocimum was cultivated. The CIM-Aayu cultivated area showed a high bacterial richness, lower Simpson and Shannon indices, and a distinctive metabolic profile. The sites CIM-Angana and CIM-Kapoor had a higher abundance of Aeromonas, while Pantoea and Pseudomonas were present at CIM-Aayu. Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus, and Bacillus were the dominant genera at the other two sites. Metabolic profiling showed that the CIM-Aayu site had a higher prevalence of pathways related to amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism and environmental information processing compared to other sites. The composition of bioaerosol among the three different Ocimum sites could be due to variations in the plant volatile and cross-feeding nature of bacterial isolates, which further needs to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Yadav
- Crop Production and Protection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Ranu Yadav
- Crop Production and Protection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Puja Khare
- Crop Production and Protection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Zhang Y, He X, Mo X, Wu H, Zhao D. Similarities and differences: species and diet impact gut microbiota of captive pheasants. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16979. [PMID: 38560462 PMCID: PMC10979745 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The fecal microbiota plays an important role in maintaining animal health and is closely related to host life activities. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies on the fecal microbiota from birds. An exploration of the effects of species and living environments on the composition of gut microbiota will provide better protection for wildlife. In this study, non-injury sampling and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing were used to investigate the bacterial composition and diversity of the fecal microbiota in silver pheasants (Lophura nycthemera) and golden pheasants (Chrysolophus pictus) from Tianjin Zoo and Beijing Wildlife Park. The results showed that the abundance of Firmicutes was the highest in all fecal samples. At the genus level, Bacteroides was the common dominant bacteria, while there were some differences in other dominant bacteria genera. There were significant differences in fecal microbial composition between the golden pheasants from Tianjin Zoo and Beijing Wildlife Park. The metabolic analysis and functional prediction suggested that the gut microbiota composition and host metabolism were influenced by dietary interventions and living conditions. The results of this study provide the basis for further research of intestinal microbial of L. nycthemera and C. pictus, and valuable insights for conservation of related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuo Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuhong Mo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dapeng Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
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Rigueira LL, Perecmanis S. Concerns about the use of antimicrobials in swine herds and alternative trends. Transl Anim Sci 2024; 8:txae039. [PMID: 38685989 PMCID: PMC11056889 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txae039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pig productivity in Brazil has advanced a lot in recent decades. Specialized breeds are more vulnerable to pathogens, which has boosted the use of antimicrobials by farmers. The selective pressure generated favors the emergence of resistant bacteria, which compromises the effectiveness of this treatment and limits therapeutic options. In addition to increasing costs and mortality rates in the production system, public awareness of this issue has increased. The authorities have imposed restrictive measures to control the use of antimicrobials and have banned their use as growth promoters. This literature review highlights biosecurity and animal welfare to prevent pig diseases. Hence, we describe alternatives to the use of antimicrobials in pig production for the selection of effective non-antibiotic feed additives that help maintain good health and help the pig resist disease when infection occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana L Rigueira
- Department of Animal Health, Brasília University, 70910-900, Brasília, Brazil
- Secretary of Agriculture of Federal District, 70770-914, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Simone Perecmanis
- Department of Animal Health, Brasília University, 70910-900, Brasília, Brazil
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Yin Z, Zhu L, Gao M, Yu D, Zhang Z, Zhu L, Zhan X. Effects of In Vitro Fermentation of Polysialic Acid and Sialic Acid on Gut Microbial Community Composition and Metabolites in Healthy Humans. Foods 2024; 13:481. [PMID: 38338616 PMCID: PMC10855092 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The influence of polysialic acid (PSA) and sialic acid (SA) on the gut microbial community composition and metabolites in healthy humans was investigated using a bionic gastrointestinal reactor. The results indicated that PSA and SA significantly changed the gut microbiota and metabolites to different degrees. PSA can increase the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium and Allisonella, whereas SA can increase those of Bifidobacterium and Megamonas. Both can significantly increase the content of short-chain fatty acids. The results of metabolome analysis showed that PSA can upregulate ergosterol peroxide and gallic acid and downregulate the harmful metabolite N-acetylputrescine. SA can upregulate 4-pyridoxic acid and lipoic acid. PSA and SA affect gut microbiota and metabolites in different ways and have positive effects on human health. These results will provide a reference for the further development of PSA- and SA-related functional foods and health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
- A & F Biotech. Ltd., Burnaby, BC V5A 3P6, Canada
| | - Minjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Dan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zijian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
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Wu J, Tian C, Jiao J, Yan Q, Zhou C, Tan Z. The epithelial transcriptome and mucosal microbiota are altered for goats fed with a low-protein diet. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1237955. [PMID: 37731924 PMCID: PMC10507412 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1237955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Feeding low protein (LP) diet to animals impose severe challenge to animals' immune homeostasis. However, limited knowledge about the underlying adaption mechanism of host and ruminal microbiota responding to LP diet were well understood. Herein, this study was performed to examine the changes in relative abundance of ruminal microbiota and host ruminal mucosal transcriptome profiles in response to a LP diet. Methods A total of twenty-four female Xiangdong balck goats with similar weight (20.64 ± 2.40 kg) and age (8 ± 0.3 months) were randomly assigned into two groups, LP (5.52% crude protein containing diet) and CON (10.77% crude protein containing diet) groups. Upon completion of the trial, all goats were slaughtered after a 16-hour fasting period in LiuYang city (N 28°15', E 113°63') in China. HE staining, free amino acids measurement, transcriptome analysis and microbiome analysis were applied to detect the morphology alterations, free amino acids profile alterations and the shift in host ruminal mucosal transcriptome and ruminal microbiota communities. Results Firstly, the results showed that feeding LP diet to goats decreased the rumen papilla width (P = 0.043), surface area (P = 0.013) and total ruminal free amino acids concentration (P = 0.016). Secondly, microbiome analysis indicated that 9 microbial genera, including Eubacterium and Prevotella, were enriched in LP group while 11 microbial genera, including Butyrivibrio and Ruminococcus, were enriched in CON group. Finally, in terms of immune-related genes, the expression levels of genes involved in tight junction categories (e.g., MYH11, PPP2R2C, and MYL9) and acquired immunity (e.g., PCP4 and CXCL13) were observed to be upregulated in the LP group when compared to the CON group. Conclusion Under the LP diet, the rumen exhibited increased relative abundance of pathogenic microbiota and VFA-degrading microbiota, leading to disruptions in immune homeostasis within the host's ruminal mucosa. These findings indicate that the ruminal microbiota interacts with host results in the disruption in animals' immune homeostasis under LP diet challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Changxin Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzhen Jiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiongxian Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Wei L, Zeng B, Zhang S, Guo W, Li F, Zhao J, Li Y. Hybridization altered the gut microbiota of pigs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1177947. [PMID: 37465027 PMCID: PMC10350513 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1177947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian gut microbiota plays an important role in the host's nutrient metabolism, growth, and immune regulation. Hybridization can enable a progeny to acquire superior traits of the parents, resulting in the hybridization advantage. However, studies on the effects of hybridization on the pigs' gut microbiota are lacking. Therefore, this study used multi-omics technologies to compare and analyze the gut microbiota of the primary wild boar and its offspring. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results revealed that the gut microbiota of F4 exhibited a host-like dominance phenomenon with a significant increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. The beta diversity of Duroc was significantly different from those of F0, F2, and F4; after the host hybridization, the similarity of the beta diversity in the progeny decreased with the decrease in the similarity of the F0 lineage. The metagenomic sequencing results showed that the significantly enriched metabolic pathways in F4, such as environmental, circulatory system, fatty acid degradation adaptation, and fatty acid biosynthesis, were similar to those in F0. Moreover, it also exhibited similar significantly enriched metabolic pathways as those in Duroc, such as carbohydrate metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, starch-degrading CAZymes, lactose-degrading CAZymes, and various amino acid metabolism pathways. However, the alpha-amylase-related KOs, lipid metabolism, and galactose metabolism in F4 were significantly higher than those in Duroc and F0. Non-targeted metabolome technology analysis found that several metabolites, such as docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, and citric acid were significantly enriched in the F4 pigs as compared to those in F0. Based on Spearman correlation analysis, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were significantly positively correlated with these metabolites. Finally, the combined metagenomic and metabolomic analysis suggested that the metabolic pathways, such as valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis and alanine aspartate and glutamate metabolism were significantly enriched in F4 pigs. In conclusion, the gut microbiota of F4 showed a similar host "dominance" phenomenon, which provided reference data for the genetics and evolution of microbiota and the theory of microbial-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine/Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-Origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Laboratory Medicine/Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-Origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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10
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Mi M, Shen Z, Hu N, Zhang Q, Wang B, Pan L, Qin G, Bao N, Zhao Y. Effects of diets with different amino acid release characteristics on the gut microbiota and barrier function of weaned pigs. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:18. [PMID: 36658475 PMCID: PMC9850806 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The absorption and utilization of proteins by animals is affected by the amino acid (AA) release characteristics of their diets. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of diets with various amino acid release characteristics on the intestinal barrier function and diversity of gut microbiota of weaned pigs. RESULTS Forty-eight pigs (7.45 ± 0.58 kg) were fed with diets having different amino acid release characteristics during a period of 28 days. We used a 2 × 3 full-factor (two protein levels and three protein sources with differing amino acid release characteristics) experimental design, with normal (standard terminal ileal digestibility of 17.5%) or low (standard terminal ileal digestibility of 14.9%) protein levels as the first factor. Casein (CAS), corn gluten meal (CGM) and a MIX diet were used as protein sources. Due to the more balanced release of amino acids, the diamine oxidase (DAO) concentrations in the CAS and MIX groups were significantly lower than those in the CGM group (P < 0.05); Reducing the dietary protein content from 17.5% to 14.9% had no significant effects on the levels of serum DAO or D-lactic acid. By contrast, it increased the microbial diversity (chao1 and ACE values) and the number of Lactobacillus in the jejunum (P < 0.05). The CAS-containing diet and the MIX diet resulted in significantly higher microbial diversity (Simpson and Shannon) than the CGM-containing diet in the jejunum. CONCLUSION The balanced release of amino acids in CAS and MIX diets maintained intestinal barrier function and increased gut microbiota diversity. These findings could potentially provide a scientific reference for the rational preparation of piglet feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Mi
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Zhiwen Shen
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Nianzhi Hu
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Bin Wang
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Li Pan
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Guixin Qin
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Nan Bao
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
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11
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Protective Effect of Anthocyanins against Neurodegenerative Diseases through the Microbial-Intestinal-Brain Axis: A Critical Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030496. [PMID: 36771208 PMCID: PMC9922026 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase in human mean age, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) also rises. This negatively affects mental and physiological health. In recent years, evidence has revealed that anthocyanins could regulate the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) through the microbiome-gut-brain axis, which provides a new perspective for treating NDs. In this review, the protective effects and mechanisms of anthocyanins against NDs are summarized, especially the interaction between anthocyanins and the intestinal microbiota, and the microbial-intestinal-brain axis system is comprehensively discussed. Moreover, anthocyanins achieve the therapeutic purpose of NDs by regulating intestinal microflora and certain metabolites (protocateic acid, vanillic acid, etc.). In particular, the inhibitory effect of tryptophan metabolism on some neurotransmitters and the induction of blood-brain barrier permeability by butyrate production has a preventive effect on NDs. Overall, it is suggested that microbial-intestinal-brain axis may be a novel mechanism for the protective effect of anthocyanins against NDs.
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12
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Khannous-Lleiffe O, Willis JR, Saus E, Moreno V, Castellví-Bel S, Gabaldón T. Microbiome Profiling from Fecal Immunochemical Test Reveals Microbial Signatures with Potential for Colorectal Cancer Screening. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010120. [PMID: 36612118 PMCID: PMC9817783 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Early diagnosis of CRC, which saves lives and enables better outcomes, is generally implemented through a two-step population screening approach based on the use of Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) followed by colonoscopy if the test is positive. However, the FIT step has a high false positive rate, and there is a need for new predictive biomarkers to better prioritize cases for colonoscopy. Here we used 16S rRNA metabarcoding from FIT positive samples to uncover microbial taxa, taxon co-occurrence and metabolic features significantly associated with different colonoscopy outcomes, underscoring a predictive potential and revealing changes along the path from healthy tissue to carcinoma. Finally, we used machine learning to develop a two-phase classifier which reduces the current false positive rate while maximizing the inclusion of CRC and clinically relevant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfat Khannous-Lleiffe
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Carrer de Jordi Girona, 29, 31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesse R. Willis
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Carrer de Jordi Girona, 29, 31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Saus
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Carrer de Jordi Girona, 29, 31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Gastroenterology Department, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Castellví-Bel
- Gastroenterology Department, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Carrer de Jordi Girona, 29, 31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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13
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Beneficial Effects of Anti-Inflammatory Diet in Modulating Gut Microbiota and Controlling Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193985. [PMID: 36235638 PMCID: PMC9572805 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has consistently been associated with an increased risk of metabolic abnormalities such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as the development of several types of cancer. In recent decades, unfortunately, the rate of overweight/obesity has increased significantly among adults and children. A growing body of evidence shows that there is a relationship between metabolic disorders such as obesity and the composition of the gut microbiota. Additionally, inflammation is considered to be a driving force in the obesity–gut microbiota connection. Therefore, it seems that anti-inflammatory nutrients, foods, and/or diets can play an essential role in the management of obesity by affecting the intestinal flora and controlling inflammatory responses. In this review, we describe the links between the gut microbiota, obesity, and inflammation, and summarize the benefits of anti-inflammatory diets in preventing obesity.
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14
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Mao K, Gao J, Wang X, Li X, Geng S, Zhang T, Sadiq FA, Sang Y. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 Has Effect Against Obesity by Regulating Gut Microbiota in Two Phases in Human Microbiota-Associated Rats. Front Nutr 2022; 8:811619. [PMID: 35083265 PMCID: PMC8784422 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.811619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 (BB-12) is an extensively studied probiotics species, which has been reported to improve the human gut microbiota. This study aimed to confirm the effects of BB-12 on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced gut microbiota disorders. The probiotic BB-12 was consumed by human microbiota-associated rats and changes in gut microbiota were compared using next generation sequencing of the fecal samples collected from the normal chow group, the HFD group, and the BB-12-supplemented group. The enterotypes switched from Prevotella dominant to Akkermansia dominant as a result of switching diet from normal chow to HFD. BB-12 conferred protection on the gut microbiota composition of the rats by increasing the abundance of Prevotella and decreasing the abundance of Clostridium, Blautia, and Bacteroides in 0-3 weeks. In addition, Prevotella-dominant enterotype was maintained, which provides improve obesity effects. A decrease in body weight and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were also observed at week 3. While in 4-8 weeks, the enrichment of short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria such as Eubacterium and Parabacteroides and probiotics such as Bifidobacterium was observed. The results revealed that BB-12 against obesity by regulating gut microbiota in two phases. After a short-term intervention, BB-12 supplementation suppressed the transition from the healthy to obesity state by protecting Prevotella-dominant enterotype, whereas after a long-term intervention, BB-12 ameliorates obesity by enriching beneficial bacteria in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemin Mao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiyu Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuo Geng
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | | | - Yaxin Sang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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15
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Lu Y, Peng B, Lin Y, Lin Q, Xia X, Zhong S, Luo L, Huang R. Spirulina polysaccharide induces the metabolic shifts and gut microbiota change of lung cancer in mice. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1313-1319. [PMID: 36065196 PMCID: PMC9440268 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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16
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Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Microbiota of Human Gut and Its Direct Environment in a Household Cohort with High Background of Antibiotic Use. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102115. [PMID: 34683436 PMCID: PMC8539590 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive insight into the microbiota of the gut of humans and animals, as well as their living environment, in communities with a high background of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance genes is scarce. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to describe the (dis)similarities in the microbiota of feces from humans (n = 107), domestic animals (n = 36), water (n = 89), and processed food (n = 74) in a cohort with individual history of antibiotic use in northern Vietnam. A significantly lower microbial diversity was observed among individuals who used antibiotics in the past 4 months (n = 44) compared to those who did not (n = 63). Fecal microbiota of humans was more diverse than nonhuman samples and shared a small part of its amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) with feces from animals (7.4% (3.2–9.9)), water (2.2% (1.2–2.8)), and food (3.1% (1.5–3.1)). Sharing of ASVs between humans and companion animals was not associated with the household. However, we did observe a correlation between an Enterobacteriaceae ASV and the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase CTX-M-group-2 encoding genes in feces from humans and animals (p = 1.6 × 10−3 and p = 2.6 × 10−2, respectively), hinting toward an exchange of antimicrobial-resistant strains between reservoirs.
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17
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Stamps BW, Kuroiwa J, Isidean SD, Schilling MA, Harro C, Talaat KR, Sack DA, Tribble DR, Maue AC, Rimmer JE, Laird RM, Porter CK, Goodson MS, Poly F. Exploring Changes in the Host Gut Microbiota During a Controlled Human Infection Model for Campylobacter jejuni. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:702047. [PMID: 34532299 PMCID: PMC8439579 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.702047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni infection is a leading cause of foodborne disease, common to children, adult travelers, and military populations in low- to middle-income countries. In the absence of a licensed vaccine, efforts to evaluate prophylactic agents are underway. The prophylactic efficacy of a twice-daily, 550 mg dose of the antibiotic rifaximin demonstrated no efficacy against campylobacteriosis in a controlled human infection model (CHIM); however, samples from the CHIM study were utilized to assess how the human gut microbiome responds to C. jejuni infection, and if a ‘protective’ microbiota exists in study participants not developing campylobacteriosis. Statistically significant, but minor, differences in study participant beta diversity were identified during the challenge period (p = 0.002, R2 = 0.042), but no significant differences were otherwise observed. Pre-challenge alpha diversity was elevated in study participants who did not develop campylobacteriosis compared to those who did (p < 0.001), but alpha diversity declined in all study participants from the pre-challenge period to post-discharge. Our work provides insight into gut microbiome shifts observed during a C. jejuni CHIM and following antibiotic treatment. This study utilized a high dose of 1.7 x 105 colony-forming units of C. jejuni; future work could include CHIM studies performed with inocula more closely mimicking natural exposure as well as field studies involving naturally-occurring enteric infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake W Stamps
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, United States.,Integrative Health and Performance Sciences Division, UES, Inc., Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Janelle Kuroiwa
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sandra D Isidean
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Megan A Schilling
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Clayton Harro
- Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kawsar R Talaat
- Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David A Sack
- Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David R Tribble
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Department, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alexander C Maue
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joanna E Rimmer
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Academic Department of Military Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Medical Directorate, Joint Medical Command, Information and Communications Technology Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Renee M Laird
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Chad K Porter
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Michael S Goodson
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Frédéric Poly
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States
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18
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Xie Y, Song L, Yang J, Tao T, Yu J, Shi J, Jin X. Small intestinal flora graft alters fecal flora, stool, cytokines and mood status in healthy mice. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/9/e202101039. [PMID: 34301806 PMCID: PMC8321674 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of microbiota from small intestine, not large intestine, of healthy mice exerts obvious effects on healthy recipients, bringing a new perspective on gut flora transplantation. Fecal microbiota transplantation is widely used. Large intestinal microbiota (LIM) is more similar to fecal microbiota than small intestinal microbiota (SIM). The SIM communities are very different from those of LIM. Therefore, SIM transplantation (SIMT) and LIM transplantation (LIMT) might exert different influences. Here, healthy adult male C57Bl/6 mice received intragastric SIMT, LIMT, or sterile PBS administration. Microbiota graft samples were collected from small/large intestine of healthy mice of the same age, sex, and strain background. Compared with PBS treatment, SIMT increased pellet number, stool wet weight, and stool water percentage; induced a fecal microbiota profile shift toward the microbial composition of the SIM graft; induced a systemic anti-inflammatory cytokines profile; and ameliorated depressive-like behaviors in recipients. LIMT, however, induced merely a slight alteration in fecal microbial composition and no significant influence on the other aspects. In sum, SIMT, rather than LIMT, affected defecation features, fecal microbial composition, cytokines profile, and depressive-like behaviors in healthy mice. This study reveals the different effects of SIMT and LIMT, providing an interesting clue for further researches involving gut microbial composition change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Xie
- Class 3, Grade 2018, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyang Song
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Yang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou City, People's Republic of China .,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Taoqi Tao
- Class 3, Grade 2018, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yu
- Editorial Department of Journal of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingrong Shi
- Department of Data Mining and Analysis, Guangzhou Tianpeng Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaobao Jin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou City, People's Republic of China
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19
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Park J, Kato K, Murakami H, Hosomi K, Tanisawa K, Nakagata T, Ohno H, Konishi K, Kawashima H, Chen YA, Mohsen A, Xiao JZ, Odamaki T, Kunisawa J, Mizuguchi K, Miyachi M. Comprehensive analysis of gut microbiota of a healthy population and covariates affecting microbial variation in two large Japanese cohorts. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:151. [PMID: 34016052 PMCID: PMC8139087 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inter-individual variations in gut microbiota composition are observed even among healthy populations. The gut microbiota may exhibit a unique composition depending on the country of origin and race of individuals. To comprehensively understand the link between healthy gut microbiota and host state, it is beneficial to conduct large-scale cohort studies. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the integrated and non-redundant factors associated with gut microbiota composition within the Japanese population by 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples and questionnaire-based covariate analysis. Results A total of 1596 healthy Japanese individuals participated in this study via two independent cohorts, NIBIOHN cohort (n=954) and MORINAGA cohort (n=642). Gut microbiota composition was described and the interaction of these microorganisms with metadata parameters such as anthropometric measurements, bowel habits, medical history, and lifestyle were obtained. Thirteen genera, including Alistipes, Anaerostipes, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Eubacterium halli group, Faecalibacterium, Fusicatenibacter, Lachnoclostridium, Parabacteroides, Prevotella_9, Roseburia, and Subdoligranulum were predominant among the two cohorts. On the basis of univariate analysis for overall microbiome variation, 18 matching variables exhibited significant association in both cohorts. A stepwise redundancy analysis revealed that there were four common covariates, Bristol Stool Scale (BSS) scores, gender, age, and defecation frequency, displaying non-redundant association with gut microbial variance. Conclusions We conducted a comprehensive analysis of gut microbiota in healthy Japanese individuals, based on two independent cohorts, and obtained reliable evidence that questionnaire-based covariates such as frequency of bowel movement and specific dietary habit affects the microbial composition of the gut. To our knowledge, this was the first study to investigate integrated and non-redundant factors associated with gut microbiota among Japanese populations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02215-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonguk Park
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kato
- Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Next Generation Science Institute, Kanagawa, 252-8583, Japan
| | - Haruka Murakami
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Koji Hosomi
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Kumpei Tanisawa
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan.,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Harumi Ohno
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan.,Faculty of Human Nutrition, Tokyo Kasei Gakuin University, Tokyo, 102-8341, Japan
| | - Kana Konishi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan.,Faculty of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kawashima
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yi-An Chen
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Attayeb Mohsen
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Jin-Zhong Xiao
- Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Next Generation Science Institute, Kanagawa, 252-8583, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Odamaki
- Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Next Generation Science Institute, Kanagawa, 252-8583, Japan.
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.
| | - Kenji Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan. .,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
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20
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Immune status, well-being and gut microbiota in military supplemented with synbiotic ice cream and submitted to field training: a randomised clinical trial. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:1794-1808. [PMID: 33593462 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521000568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Strenuous physical activity, sleep deprivation and psychological stress are common features of military field training. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with a synbiotic ice cream on salivary IgA, gastrointestinal symptoms, well-being indicators and gut microbiota in young military participants undergoing field training. Sixty-five military completed the study: one group was supplemented for 30 d with synbiotic ice cream containing: 2·1 × 108 CFU/g for Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and 2·7 × 109 CFU/g for Bifidobacterium animalis BB-12 and 2·3 g of inulin in the 60 g of ice cream at manufacture, and the other with a placebo ice cream. Volunteers were evaluated at pre-supplementation (baseline), post-supplementation and after a 5-d military training. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genera were measured in stool samples and both showed a higher differential abundance post-supplementation and training. Salivary IgA and gastrointestinal symptoms decreased at post-training in both groups (P < 0·05; main effect of time); however, supplementation with synbiotic did not mitigate this effect. Tenseness and sleepiness were decreased in the synbiotic-treated group, but not in the placebo group at post-military training (P = 0·01 and 0·009, respectively; group × time effect). The other well-being indicators were not affected by the synbiotic supplementation. In conclusion, 30 d of synbiotic ice cream supplementation containing inulin, L. acidophilus LA-5 and B. animalis BB-12 favourably modulated gut microbiota and improved tenseness and sleepiness in healthy young military undergoing a 5-d field training. These improvements may be relevant to this population as they may influence the decision-making process in an environment of high physical and psychological stress.
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21
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Liu F, Ye S, Zhu X, He X, Wang S, Li Y, Lin J, Wang J, Lin Y, Ren X, Li Y, Deng Z. Gastrointestinal disturbance and effect of fecal microbiota transplantation in discharged COVID-19 patients. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:60. [PMID: 33557941 PMCID: PMC7868905 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-020-02583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the potential beneficial effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on gastrointestinal symptoms, gut dysbiosis and immune status in discharged COVID-19 patients. CASE PRESENTATION A total of 11 COVID-19 patients were recruited in April, 2020, about one month on average after they were discharged from the hospital. All subjects received FMT for 4 consecutive days by oral capsule administrations with 10 capsules for each day. In total, 5 out of 11 patients reported to be suffered from gastrointestinal symptoms, which were improved after FMT. After FMT, alterations of B cells were observed, which was characterized as decreased naive B cell (P = 0.012) and increased memory B cells (P = 0.001) and non-switched B cells (P = 0.012).The microbial community richness indicated by operational taxonomic units number, observed species and Chao1 estimator was marginally increased after FMT. Gut microbiome composition of discharged COVID-19 patients differed from that of the general population at both phylum and genera level, which was characterized with a lower proportion of Firmicutes (41.0%) and Actinobacteria (4.0%), higher proportion of Bacteroidetes (42.9%) and Proteobacteria (9.2%). FMT can partially restore the gut dysbiosis by increasing the relative abundance of Actinobacteria (15.0%) and reducing Proteobacteria (2.8%) at the phylum level. At the genera level, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium had significantly increased after FMT. CONCLUSIONS After FMT, altered peripheral lymphocyte subset, restored gut microbiota and alleviated gastrointestinal disorders were observe, suggesting that FMT may serve as a potential therapeutic and rehabilitative intervention for the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqiong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanliang Ye
- Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, 49 Dagonglu, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Center, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianlilu, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesong He
- GanzhouShanjian Bio-Technology Co., Ltd., Ganzhou, China
| | - Shengzhou Wang
- GanzhouShanjian Bio-Technology Co., Ltd., Ganzhou, China
| | - Yinbao Li
- School of Pharmacrutical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Laboratory Center, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianlilu, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingsu Wang
- GanzhouShanjian Bio-Technology Co., Ltd., Ganzhou, China
| | - Yonggan Lin
- GanzhouShanjian Bio-Technology Co., Ltd., Ganzhou, China
| | - Xin Ren
- Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, 49 Dagonglu, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, 49 Dagonglu, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoqun Deng
- Department of Laboratory Center, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianlilu, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Li Y, Zhang W, Sun T, Liu B, Manyande A, Xu W, Xiang HB. The Role of Gut Microbiota in Chronic Itch-Evoked Novel Object Recognition-Related Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:616489. [PMID: 33614682 PMCID: PMC7892771 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.616489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of patients with chronic itch highlights the importance of fundamental research. Recent advances in the interface of gut microbiota have shed new light into exploring this phenomenon. However, it is unknown whether gut microbiota plays a role in chronic itch in rodents with or without cognitive dysfunction. In this study, the role of gut microbiota in diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP)-evoked chronic itch was investigated in mice and hierarchical cluster analysis of novel object recognition test (ORT) results were used to classify DCP-evoked itch model in mice with or without cognitive dysfunction (CD)-like phenotype and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing was used to compare gut bacterial composition between CD (Susceptible) and Non-CD phenotypes (Unsusceptible) in chronic itch mice. Results showed that the microbiota composition was significantly altered by DCP-evoked chronic itch and chronic itch induced novel object recognition-related CD. However, abnormal gut microbiota composition induced by chronic itch may not be correlated with novel object recognition-related CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wencui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tainning Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baowen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anne Manyande
- School of Human and Social Sciences, University of West London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Weiguo Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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23
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Rumen and Hindgut Bacteria Are Potential Indicators for Mastitis of Mid-Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8122042. [PMID: 33419337 PMCID: PMC7767203 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8122042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the major problems for the productivity of dairy cows and its classifications have usually been based on milk somatic cell counts (SCCs). In this study, we investigated the differences in milk production, rumen fermentation parameters, and diversity and composition of rumen and hindgut bacteria in cows with similar SCCs with the aim to identify whether they can be potential microbial biomarkers to improve the diagnostics of mastitis. A total of 20 dairy cows with SCCs over 500 × 103 cells/mL in milk but without clinical symptoms of mastitis were selected in this study. Random forest modeling revealed that Erysipelotrichaceae UCG 004 and the [Eubacterium] xylanophilum group in the rumen, as well as the Family XIII AD3011 group and Bacteroides in the hindgut, were the most influential candidates as key bacterial markers for differentiating "true" mastitis from cows with high SCCs. Mastitis statuses of 334 dairy cows were evaluated, and 96 in 101 cows with high SCCs were defined as healthy rather than mastitis according to the rumen bacteria. Our findings suggested that bacteria in the rumen and hindgut can be a new approach and provide an opportunity to reduce common errors in the detection of mastitis.
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24
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Chen B, Liu S, Feng D, Xiao L, Yang T, Li T, Sun W, Chen J. Vitamin A Deficiency in the Early-Life Periods Alters a Diversity of the Colonic Mucosal Microbiota in Rats. Front Nutr 2020; 7:580780. [PMID: 33425970 PMCID: PMC7793871 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.580780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains a public health issue worldwide, affecting pregnant women and children. The early-life microbiota is a potentially effective intervention target for modulating immune and metabolic development of the host. This paper investigates the effects of VAD during different life periods on the structure of the colonic mucosa microbiota in adolescent rats. The results showed that the concentrations of serum retinol were > ~1.05 μmol/L in maternal VA normal (VAN)rats and < 0.7 μmol/L in maternal VAD rats, while the serum retinol levels were higher than 0.7 μmol/L in the pups of the VAN group and below 0.5 μmol/L in the pups of the VAD group. Compared to the offspring persistent with VAN from embryonic stage (group A), all the remaining groups exhibited an increased ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes abundance. A metagenome analysis (LEfSe) and a differentially abundant features approach using Metastats for genus abundances revealed that Diaphorobacter and Psychrobacter were increased in the offspring persistent with VAD from embryonic stage (group B);Bifidobacterium was decreased and Staphylococcus was increased in the offspring with VAD after weaning (group C); Propionibacterium and Enterobacter were increased significantly in the offspring with VAD during gestation(group E); and Ochrobactrum was increased in group B and the offspring with VAD during gestation and lactation(group D). Faecalibacterium abundance was significantly and positively related to serum retinol levels, while that of Staphylococcus was significantly and negatively correlated with serum retinol levels. VAD in different life periods can alter the gut microbiome in rats, but VAD in the early-life periods (especially gestation and/or lactation) leads to a diversity of the colonic mucosal microbiota in adolescent rats as well as an imbalance of the ratio between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The early-life period may become a time window of VA intervention to improve intestinal microbiota caused by VA deficiency, but the specific mechanism requires more in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Wuqing Sun
- Information Technological Service Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
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25
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Li GQ, Zhang T, Yang WG, Zhong HL, Xiao P, Liu LW, Wang YW, Chen H, Kong R, Wang G, Tan HT, Bai XW, Li YL, Li L, Sun B. Gut microbiota patterns associated with somatostatin in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy: a prospective study. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:94. [PMID: 33083016 PMCID: PMC7522245 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00329-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a common and dreaded complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). The gut microbiota has been considered as an crucial mediator of postoperative complications, however, the precise roles of gut microbiota in POPF are unclear. A prospective study was developed to explore the effects of somatostatin on gut microbiota and we aim to identify the microbial alterations in the process of POPF. A total of 45 patients were randomly divided into PD group or additional somatostatin therapy group. The fecal sample of each patient was collected preoperatively and postoperatively and the gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Our study found that somatostatin therapy was independent risk factor for the occurrence of POPF, and it reduced the microbial diversity and richness in patients. At genus level, somatostatin therapy led to a decreased abundance in Bifidobacterium, Subdoligranulum and Dubosiella, whereas the abundance of Akkermansia, Enterococcus and Enterobacter were increased. The abundance levels of certain bacteria in the gut microbiota have significantly shifted in patients with POPF. The LEfSe analysis revealed that Ruminococcaceae could be used as microbial markers for distinguishing patients with high risk of POPF. Furthermore, Verrucomicrobia and Akkermansia could be used as preoperative biomarkers for identifying patients without POPF. Our prospective study highlights the specific communities related with somatostatin therapy and discovers POPF-associated microbial marker, which suggests that gut microbiota may become a diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for POPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Qun Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Wei-Guang Yang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Hao-Liang Zhong
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Li-Wei Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Yong-Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Rui Kong
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Hong-Tao Tan
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Xue-Wei Bai
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Yi-Long Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
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26
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Feng Y, Duan Y, Xu Z, Lyu N, Liu F, Liang S, Zhu B. An examination of data from the American Gut Project reveals that the dominance of the genus Bifidobacterium is associated with the diversity and robustness of the gut microbiota. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8:e939. [PMID: 31568677 PMCID: PMC6925156 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are beneficial for human health, and many strains of these two genera are widely used as probiotics. We used two large datasets published by the American Gut Project (AGP) and a gut metagenomic dataset (NBT) to analyze the relationship between these two genera and the community structure of the gut microbiota. The meta-analysis showed that Bifidobacterium, but not Lactobacillus, is among the dominant genera in the human gut microbiota. The relative abundance of Bifidobacterium was elevated when Lactobacillus was present. Moreover, these two genera showed a positive correlation with some butyrate producers among the dominant genera, and both were associated with alpha diversity, beta diversity, and the robustness of the gut microbiota. Additionally, samples harboring Bifidobacterium present but no Lactobacillus showed higher alpha diversity and were more robust than those only carrying Lactobacillus. Further comparisons with other genera validated the important role of Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiota robustness. Multivariate analysis of 11,744 samples from the AGP dataset suggested Bifidobacterium to be associated with demographic features, lifestyle, and disease. In summary, Bifidobacterium members, which are promoted by dairy and whole-grain consumption, are more important than Lactobacillus in maintaining the diversity and robustness of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yunfeng Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhenjiang Xu
- School of Food Science & TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Na Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shihao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Baoli Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance and Pathogen GenomicsBeijingChina
- Department of Pathogenic BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
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