1
|
Lin CP, Frigerio I, Bol JGJM, Bouwman MMA, Wesseling AJ, Dahl MJ, Rozemuller AJM, van der Werf YD, Pouwels PJW, van de Berg WDJ, Jonkman LE. Microstructural integrity of the locus coeruleus and its tracts reflect noradrenergic degeneration in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:9. [PMID: 38336865 PMCID: PMC10854137 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Degeneration of the locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic system contributes to clinical symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to evaluate the integrity of the LC noradrenergic system. The aim of the current study was to determine whether the diffusion MRI-measured integrity of the LC and its tracts are sensitive to noradrenergic degeneration in AD and PD. METHODS Post-mortem in situ T1-weighted and multi-shell diffusion MRI was performed for 9 AD, 14 PD, and 8 control brain donors. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity were derived from the LC, and from tracts between the LC and the anterior cingulate cortex, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), the primary motor cortex (M1) or the hippocampus. Brain tissue sections of the LC and cortical regions were obtained and immunostained for dopamine-beta hydroxylase (DBH) to quantify noradrenergic cell density and fiber load. Group comparisons and correlations between outcome measures were performed using linear regression and partial correlations. RESULTS The AD and PD cases showed loss of LC noradrenergic cells and fibers. In the cortex, the AD cases showed increased DBH + immunoreactivity in the DLPFC compared to PD cases and controls, while PD cases showed reduced DBH + immunoreactivity in the M1 compared to controls. Higher FA within the LC was found for AD, which was correlated with loss of noradrenergic cells and fibers in the LC. Increased FA of the LC-DLPFC tract was correlated with LC noradrenergic fiber loss in the combined AD and control group, whereas the increased FA of the LC-M1 tract was correlated with LC noradrenergic neuronal loss in the combined PD and control group. The tract alterations were not correlated with cortical DBH + immunoreactivity. CONCLUSIONS In AD and PD, the diffusion MRI-detected alterations within the LC and its tracts to the DLPFC and the M1 were associated with local noradrenergic neuronal loss within the LC, rather than noradrenergic changes in the cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Pei Lin
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Irene Frigerio
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John G J M Bol
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maud M A Bouwman
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex J Wesseling
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin J Dahl
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Annemieke J M Rozemuller
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Pathology, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ysbrand D van der Werf
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity, Impulsivity and Attention Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra J W Pouwels
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma D J van de Berg
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura E Jonkman
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Degirmenci Y, Angelopoulou E, Georgakopoulou VE, Bougea A. Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: An Updated Overview Focusing on Emerging Pharmaceutical Treatment Approaches. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1756. [PMID: 37893474 PMCID: PMC10608778 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the commonest and most disabling non-motor manifestations during the course of the disease. The clinical spectrum of PD-related cognitive impairment includes subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and PD dementia (PDD). As the disease progresses, cognitive decline creates a significant burden for the family members and/or caregivers of patients with PD, and has a great impact on quality of life. Current pharmacological treatments have demonstrated partial efficacy and failed to halt disease progression, and novel, effective, and safe therapeutic strategies are required. Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence shows that several agents may provide beneficial effects on patients with PD and cognitive impairment, including ceftriaxone, ambroxol, intranasal insulin, nilotinib, atomoxetine, mevidalen, blarcamesine, prasinezumab, SYN120, ENT-01, NYX-458, GRF6021, fosgonimeton, INT-777, Neuropeptide S, silibinin, osmotin, cordycepin, huperzine A, fibroblast growth factor 21, Poloxamer 188, ginsenoside Rb1, thioredoxin-1, tangeretin, istradefylline and Eugenia uniflora. Potential underlying mechanisms include the inhibition of a-synuclein aggregation, the improvement of mitochondrial function, the regulation of synaptic plasticity, an impact on the gut-brain axis, the modulation of neuroinflammation and the upregulation of neurotrophic factors, as well as cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotoninergic and norepinephrine neurotransmission. In this updated overview, we aim to cover the clinical aspects of the spectrum of PD-related cognitive impairment and discuss recent evidence on emerging treatment approaches that are under investigation at a preclinical and clinical level. Finally, we aim to provide additional insights and propose new ideas for investigation that may be feasible and effective for the spectrum of PD-related cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yildiz Degirmenci
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Health and Technology University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Clinic, Sisli Kolan International Hospital, 34384 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Anastasia Bougea
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ogbimi EM, Akemokwe FM, Ogunrin O. Frequency, pattern and predictors of cognitive impairments in patients with Parkinson's disease using the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1126526. [PMID: 37441432 PMCID: PMC10333480 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1126526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder complicated by cognitive dysfunctions which are associated with increased caregiver burden, pressure on community health facilities, and mortality in affected patients. Most of the data concerning cognitive dysfunctions in PD are from studies conducted in Europe and North America, but there is paucity of data from Sub-Saharan Africa. Objective The objective of this study is to determine the frequency, pattern and predictors of cognitive impairments amongst patients with Parkinson's disease. Materials and methods This was a cross sectional case control study carried out at a tertiary health facility in South-south Nigeria. Participants with PD were consecutively recruited from the neurology outpatient clinics. Demographic and disease-specific data were obtained with the use of a pre-tested questionnaire. Cognitive performance of thirty patients with PD were compared with thirty demographically matched controls using the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSID). CSID was already validated among Nigerians. Results The frequency of cognitive impairment using the CSID was 50% for PD patients (3.3% for controls). Poor cognitive performance was observed across several cognitive domains including language, executive dysfunction, psychomotor speed, and constructional apraxia among PD patients. The independent predictors of the overall cognitive impairment in patients with PD determined by logistic regression analysis include recall deficiency (p = 0.007), impairment with naming (p = 0.044), apraxia (p = 0.003), Hoen&Yahr staging (p = 0.046), UPDRS score (p = 0.015) and age at presentation (p = 0.014). Conclusion Cognitive impairments occur more frequently in patients with PD compared to controls. This study also demonstrated the predictive role of severity of disease based on Hoehn &Yahr staging and UPDRS score, and presence of recall deficiency, poor naming ability and apraxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewere Marie Ogbimi
- (formerly Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria) Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Fatai Momodu Akemokwe
- (formerly Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria) Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Olubunmi Ogunrin
- (formerly Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria) Neurology Department, Neuroscience Directorate, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke on Trent, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
González-Usigli HA, Ortiz GG, Charles-Niño C, Mireles-Ramírez MA, Pacheco-Moisés FP, Torres-Mendoza BMDG, Hernández-Cruz JDJ, Delgado-Lara DLDC, Ramírez-Jirano LJ. Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson's Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach. Brain Sci 2023; 13:508. [PMID: 36979318 PMCID: PMC10046896 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The main histopathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) are the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and the loss of neuromelanin as a consequence of decreased dopamine synthesis. The destruction of the striatal dopaminergic pathway and blocking of striatal dopamine receptors cause motor deficits in humans and experimental animal models induced by some environmental agents. In addition, neuropsychiatric symptoms such as mood and anxiety disorders, hallucinations, psychosis, cognitive impairment, and dementia are common in PD. These alterations may precede the appearance of motor symptoms and are correlated with neurochemical and structural changes in the brain. This paper reviews the most crucial pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric alterations in PD. It is worth noting that PD patients have global task learning deficits, and cognitive functions are compromised in a way is associated with hypoactivation within the striatum, anterior cingulate cortex, and inferior frontal sulcus regions. An appropriate and extensive neuropsychological screening battery in PD must accurately assess at least five cognitive domains with some tests for each cognitive domain. This neuropsychological screening should consider the pathophysiological and clinical heterogeneity of cognitive dysfunction in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Alberto González-Usigli
- Department of Neurology, Clinic of Movements Disorders, High Specialty Medical Unit, Western National Medical Center of the Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Genaro Gabriel Ortiz
- Department of Neurology, Clinic of Movements Disorders, High Specialty Medical Unit, Western National Medical Center of the Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Claudia Charles-Niño
- Department of Microbiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Mario Alberto Mireles-Ramírez
- Department of Neurology, Clinic of Movements Disorders, High Specialty Medical Unit, Western National Medical Center of the Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Fermín Paul Pacheco-Moisés
- Department of Chemistry, University Center of Exact Sciences and Engineering, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico
| | - Blanca Miriam de Guadalupe Torres-Mendoza
- Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Division of Neurosciences, Western Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - José de Jesús Hernández-Cruz
- Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Javier Ramírez-Jirano
- Division of Neurosciences, Western Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wylie KP, Kluger BM, Medina LD, Holden SK, Kronberg E, Tregellas JR, Buard I. Hippocampal, basal ganglia and olfactory connectivity contribute to cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 57:511-526. [PMID: 36516060 PMCID: PMC9970048 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a characteristic feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), yet relatively little is known about its underlying neurobiology. Previous investigations suggest that dementia in PD is associated with subcortical atrophy, but similar studies in PD with mild cognitive impairment have been mixed. Variability in cognitive phenotypes and diversity of PD symptoms suggest that a common neuropathological origin results in a multitude of impacts within the brain. These direct and indirect impacts of disease pathology can be investigated using network analysis. Functional connectivity, for instance, may be more sensitive than atrophy to decline in specific cognitive domains in the PD population. Fifty-eight participants with PD underwent a neuropsychological test battery and scanning with structural and resting state functional MRI in a comprehensive whole-brain association analysis. To investigate atrophy as a potential marker of impairment, structural gray matter atrophy was associated with cognitive scores in each cognitive domain using voxel-based morphometry. To investigate connectivity, large-scale networks were correlated with voxel time series and associated with cognitive scores using distance covariance. Structural atrophy was not associated with any cognitive domain, with the exception of visuospatial measures in primary sensory and motor cortices. In contrast, functional connectivity was associated with attention, executive function, language, learning and memory, visuospatial, and global cognition in the bilateral hippocampus, left putamen, olfactory cortex, and bilateral anterior temporal poles. These preliminary results suggest that cognitive domain-specific networks in PD are distinct from each other and could provide a network signature for different cognitive phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Korey P. Wylie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Benzi M. Kluger
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Luis D. Medina
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samantha K. Holden
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eugene Kronberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jason R. Tregellas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Isabelle Buard
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aretouli E, Chondrogiorgi M, Dede O, Koutsonida M, Lafi C, Konstantinopoulou E, Kulisevsky J, Kosmidis MH, Konitsiotis S. The Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale: Greek Normative Data, Clinical Utility and Cultural Considerations. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2022; 35:680-688. [PMID: 34663111 DOI: 10.1177/08919887211049110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) is a comprehensive screening procedure for the evaluation of cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVES In the present study we adjusted the PD-CRS for the Greek population, developed normative data and examined its clinical utility for the assessment of cognitive functioning in Greek PD patients. In addition, the correlation of clinical characteristics with cognitive performance in PD patients was examined. METHODS Three hundred four community-dwelling healthy adults and 59 patients with PD, completed the adapted PD-CRS. RESULTS Healthy adults outperformed the PD patients on the total, the cortical and subcortical scores of the PD-CRS. Normative data indicated effects of both education and age on the PD-CRS. The optimal total PD-CRS cutoff score for the identification of cognitive impairment in a heterogeneous sample of PD patients, with regard to the severity of cognitive difficulties, was 79, yielding a modest sensitivity and specificity. Clinical characteristics of the patients (i.e., disease duration and functional disease burden) were related to poor performance on the PD-CRS. CONCLUSIONS The Greek version of the PD-CRS is a useful instrument for the assessment of cognition in PD. Future prospective studies should examine its clinical utility to identify PD-cognitive subtypes (i.e., PD patients with mild cognitive impairment), to monitor cognitive changes, as well as its predictive accuracy for subsequent dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Aretouli
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece.,School of the Social Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Epirus, Greece
| | - Maria Chondrogiorgi
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Epirus, Greece
| | - Olga Dede
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece
| | - Myrto Koutsonida
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece
| | - Chrysi Lafi
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece
| | - Eleni Konstantinopoulou
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece.,2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece
| | - Spiridon Konitsiotis
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Epirus, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yi Q, Yu-Peng C, Jiang-Ting L, Jing-Yi L, Qi-Xiong Q, Dan-Lei W, Jing-Wei Z, Zhi-Juan M, Yong-Jie X, Zhe M, Zheng X. Worse Sleep Quality Aggravates the Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:887094. [PMID: 35754956 PMCID: PMC9226540 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.887094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Sleep disorders are the most common and disabling symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding the associations between sleep characteristics and motor and non-motor symptoms (NMSs) in PD can provide evidence to guide therapeutic interventions and nursing strategies. We aimed to investigate the association between sleep characteristics and motor function and NMSs in PD using multiple approaches. Methods A total of 328 participants were included, and all participants underwent Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) evaluation and clinical assessments of PD symptoms. We conducted Spearman's correlation to evaluate the associations between sleep and PD symptoms, nonlinear regression to assess the relationships between sleep habits and PD, and mediated analyses to test the effects of NMSs on global PSQI and PD severity, quality of life, and motor symptoms. Results Poor sleep was associated with more severe PD symptoms. In addition, the reflection point for bedtime was around 21:52, associated with motor symptoms, and insufficient and excessive total time spent in bed and nocturnal sleep duration were correlated with higher NMS burdens. The optimal points were 8–9.2 and 6.2–6.9 h, respectively. It was also discovered that NMSs played the mediating roles in global sleep with the quality of life, PD stages, and motor symptoms to a varying range of 6.8–95.4%. Conclusions Sleep disorders have a significant effect on the burden of PD symptoms. The current findings provide new insights into the monitoring and management of sleep and PD and need to be further explored in the future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qu Yi
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Yu-Peng
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Jiang-Ting
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Jing-Yi
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Qi-Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wang Dan-Lei
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Jing-Wei
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mao Zhi-Juan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Yong-Jie
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Zhe
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alberts T, Antipova V, Holzmann C, Hawlitschka A, Schmitt O, Kurth J, Stenzel J, Lindner T, Krause BJ, Wree A, Witt M. Olfactory Bulb D 2/D 3 Receptor Availability after Intrastriatal Botulinum Neurotoxin-A Injection in a Unilateral 6-OHDA Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:94. [PMID: 35202123 PMCID: PMC8879205 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory deficits occur as early non-motor symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) in humans. The first central relay of the olfactory pathway, the olfactory bulb (OB), depends, among other things, on an intact, functional crosstalk between dopaminergic interneurons and dopamine receptors (D2/D3R). In rats, hemiparkinsonism (hemi-PD) can be induced by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB), disrupting dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). In a previous study, we showed that subsequent injection of botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNT-A) into the striatum can reverse most of the pathological motor symptoms and normalize the D2/D3R availability. To determine whether this rat model is suitable to explain olfactory deficits that occur in humans with PD, we examined the availability of D2/D3R by longitudinal [18F]fallypride-PET/CT, the density of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the OB, olfactory performance by an orienting odor identification test adapted for rats, and a connectome analysis. PET/CT and immunohistochemical data remained largely unchanged after 6-OHDA lesion in experimental animals, suggesting that outcomes of the 6-OHDA hemi-PD rat model do not completely explain olfactory deficits in humans. However, after subsequent ipsilateral BoNT-A injection into the striatum, a significant 8.5% increase of the D2/D3R availability in the ipsilateral OB and concomitant improvement of olfactory performance were detectable. Based on tract-tracing meta-analysis, we speculate that this may be due to indirect connections between the striatum and the OB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Alberts
- Department of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Veronica Antipova
- Department of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Carsten Holzmann
- Department of Medical Genetics, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
- Center of Transdisciplinary Neuroscience Rostock, D-18147 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Schmitt
- Department of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Kurth
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan Stenzel
- Core Facility Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Tobias Lindner
- Core Facility Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernd J Krause
- Center of Transdisciplinary Neuroscience Rostock, D-18147 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Wree
- Department of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
- Center of Transdisciplinary Neuroscience Rostock, D-18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Witt
- Department of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
- Center of Transdisciplinary Neuroscience Rostock, D-18147 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Virameteekul S, Phokaewvarangkul O, Bhidayasiri R. Profiling the most elderly parkinson's disease patients: Does age or disease duration matter? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261302. [PMID: 34937068 PMCID: PMC8694485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite our ageing populations, elderly patients are underrepresented in clinical research, and ageing research is often separate from that of Parkinson's disease (PD). To our knowledge, no previous study has focused on the most elderly ('old-old', age ≥ 85 years) patients with PD to reveal how age directly influences PD clinical progression. OBJECTIVE We compared the clinical characteristics and pharmacological profiles, including complications of levodopa treatment, disease progression, disabilities, and comorbidities of the old-old with those of comparable younger ('young-old', age 60-75 years) PD patients. In addition, within the old-old group, we compared those with a short disease duration (< 10 years at the time of diagnosis) to those with a long disease duration ≥10 years to investigate whether prognosis was related to disease progression or aging. METHODS This single-centre, case-control study compared 60 old-old to 92 young-old PD patients, matched for disease duration. Patients in the old-old group were also divided equally (30:30) into two subgroups (short and long disease duration) with the same mean age. We compared the groups based on several clinical measures using a conditional logistic regression. RESULTS By study design, there were no differences between age groups when comparing disease duration, however, the proportion of men decreased with age (p = 0.002). At a comparable length of PD duration of 10 years, the old-old PD patients predominantly had significantly greater postural instability and gait disturbance (p = 0.006), higher motor scope of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III, p<0.0001), and more advanced Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stage (p<0.0001). The Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire (NMSQuest) score was also significantly higher among the old-old (p<0.0001) compared to the young-old patients. Moreover, the distribution of NMS also differed between ages, with features of gastrointestinal problems (p<0.0001), urinary problems (p = 0.004), sleep disturbances and fatigue (p = 0.032), and cognitive impairment (p<0.0001) significantly more common in the old-old group, whereas sexual problems (p = 0.012), depression, and anxiety (p = 0.032) were more common in the young-old. No differences were found in visual hallucinations, cerebrovascular disease, and miscellaneous domains. While young-old PD patients received higher levodopa equivalent daily doses (p<0.0001) and developed a significant greater rate of dyskinesia (p = 0.002), no significant difference was observed in the rate of wearing-off (p = 0.378). Old-old patients also had greater disability, as measured by the Schwab and England scale (p<0.0001) and had greater milestone frequency specifically for dementia (p<0.0001), wheelchair placement (p<0.0001), nursing home placement (p = 0.019), and hospitalisation in the past 1 year (p = 0.05). Neither recurrent falls (p = 0.443) nor visual hallucinations (p = 0.607) were documented significantly more often in the old-old patients. CONCLUSIONS Age and disease duration were independently associated with clinical presentation, course, and progression of PD. Age was the main predictor, but disease duration also had a strong effect, suggesting that factors of the ageing process beyond the disease process itself cause PD in the most elderly to be more severe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasivimol Virameteekul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease & Related Disorders, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onanong Phokaewvarangkul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease & Related Disorders, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Roongroj Bhidayasiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease & Related Disorders, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu J, Gao M, Piao R, Feng N, Geng B, Liu P. Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Structural Covariance Changes of the Striatum in Lifelong Premature Ejaculation Patients. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 55:443-450. [PMID: 34291847 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The striatum has been reported to be implicated in various neurological diseases, including lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE). Altered striatum-related functional connectivity was investigated in LPE patients in previous studies; however, structural abnormalities in the striatum have been less studied in LPE. PURPOSE To identify the gray matter volume (GMV) and structural covariance patterns of the striatum between LPE patients and healthy controls (HCs). STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Forty-three LPE patients and 31 male HCs. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner; T1-weighted imaging using a spoiled gradient recalled echo sequence. ASSESSMENT Preprocessing of structural MRI data and the striatum-seeded GMV computation were conducted using SPM12. STATISTICAL TESTS Two sample t-test was used to compare differences in GMV of the striatum between patients and HCs. Regions showing altered between-group GMV were considered as seeds for structural covariance analysis in two groups. Additionally, correlations between GMV findings and clinical features were assessed with age and total intracranial volume (TIV) as covariates and with age, TIV, anxiety, and depression scores as covariates in the patient group, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Compared to HCs, LPE patients had significantly decreased GMV in four regions located in the bilateral caudate and putamen. Distinct striatum-based structural covariance patterns in the two groups were mainly related to the thalamus, amygdala, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, middle cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex, and precuneus/cuneus. LPE patients showed that GMV in the bilateral caudate negatively correlated with the premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (PEDT) scores (r = -0.369, r = -0.377, respectively). DATA CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that LPE patients had altered GMV and structural covariance patterns in the striatum compared to HCs. The correlations between abnormal GMV and PEDT were also shown in the present findings. These findings may contribute to enhancing the understanding of the pathophysiology of LPE. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Wu
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Xi'An DaXing Hospital of Shaanxi, University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China.,Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruiqing Piao
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nana Feng
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bowen Geng
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Donzuso G, Monastero R, Cicero CE, Luca A, Mostile G, Giuliano L, Baschi R, Caccamo M, Gagliardo C, Palmucci S, Zappia M, Nicoletti A. Neuroanatomical changes in early Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment: a VBM study; the Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Impairment Study (PaCoS). Neurol Sci 2021; 42:3723-3731. [PMID: 33447925 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-05034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), but the underlying pathological mechanism has not been fully understood. Voxel-based morphometry could be used to evaluate regional atrophy and its relationship with cognitive performances in early PD-MCI. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and six patients with PD were recruited from a larger cohort of patients, the Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Impairment Study (PaCoS). Subject underwent a T1-3D MRI and a complete clinical and neuropsychological evaluation. Patients were divided into PD with normal cognition (PD-NC) and PD-MCI according to the MDS level II criteria-modified for PD-MCI. A subgroup of early patients with short disease duration (≤ 2 years) was also identified. VBM analysis between PD-NC and PD-MCI and between early PD-NC and PD-MCI was performed using two-sample t tests with whole-brain statistical threshold of p < 0.001 uncorrected in the entire PD group and p < 0.05 FWE inside ROIs, in the early PD. RESULTS Forty patients were diagnosed with MCI and 66 were PD-NC. PD-MCI patients showed significant gray matter (GM) reduction in several brain regions, including frontal gyrus, precuneus, angular gyrus, temporal lobe, and cerebellum. Early PD-MCI showed reduction in GM density in superior frontal gyrus and cerebellum. Moreover, correlation analysis between neuropsychological performances and GM volume of early PD-MCI patients showed associations between performances of Raven and superior frontal gyrus volume, Stroop time and inferior frontal gyrus volume, accuracy of Barrage and volume of precuneus. CONCLUSION The detection of frontal and cerebellar atrophy, even at an early stage, could be used as an early marker of PD-related cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Donzuso
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Roberto Monastero
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero E Cicero
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Antonina Luca
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mostile
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Loretta Giuliano
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Roberta Baschi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Caccamo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cesare Gagliardo
- Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies, Section of Radiological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Palmucci
- Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Unit, University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Zappia
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Alessandra Nicoletti
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania, 95123, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Khatri DK, Choudhary M, Sood A, Singh SB. Anxiety: An ignored aspect of Parkinson’s disease lacking attention. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110776. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
|
13
|
Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Chen X, Li W, Li X. Transcriptome sequencing reveals aerobic exercise training-associated lncRNAs for improving Parkinson's disease. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:498. [PMID: 33150124 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise training (AET) on the performance of mice with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to explore the molecular mechanism of AET-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in PD treatment. The results showed that the behaviors of PD mice were significantly improved after 4 weeks of AET. The substantia nigra pars compacta of PD mice showed scattered large multipolar cells and surrounding neutrophils after AET. In addition, a total of 62 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) were identified between the AET group and the PD group, including 55 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated DE-lncRNAs in the AET group. Furthermore, the target genes of DE-lncRNAs, including LOC102633466, LOC102637865, and LOC102638670, were mainly involved in ECM-receptor interaction, the Wnt pathway and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that these three DE-lncRNAs were significantly up-regulated in the AET group than in the PD group. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network suggested that these 3 DE-lncRNAs may improve PD via the ceRNA mechanism. In conclusion, this study suggests that aerobic exercise improves motor performance of PD mice and provides a foundation for further studies on the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in treating PD.
Collapse
|
14
|
Salmi J, Ritakallio L, Fellman D, Ellfolk U, Rinne JO, Laine M. Disentangling the Role of Working Memory in Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:572037. [PMID: 33088273 PMCID: PMC7544957 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.572037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Working memory (WM) represents a core cognitive function with a major striatal contribution, and thus WM deficits, commonly observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD), could also relate to many other problems in PD patients. Our online study aimed to determine the subdomains of WM that are particularly affected in PD and to clarify the links between WM and everyday cognitive deficits, other executive functions, psychiatric and PD symptoms, as well as early cognitive impairment. Fifty-two mild-to-moderate PD patients and 54 healthy controls performed seven WM tasks tapping selective updating, continuous monitoring, or maintenance of currently active information. Self-ratings of everyday cognition, depression, and apathy symptoms, as well as screenings of global cognitive impairment, were also collected. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Of the three WM domains, only selective updating was directly predictive of PD group membership. More widespread WM deficits were observed only in relation to global cognitive impairment in PD patients. Self-rated everyday cognition or psychiatric symptoms were not linked to WM performance but correlated with each other. Our findings suggest that WM has a rather limited role in the clinical manifestation of PD. Nevertheless, due to its elementary link to striatal function, the updating component of WM could be a candidate for a cognitive marker of PD also in patients who are otherwise cognitively well-preserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juha Salmi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Liisa Ritakallio
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Daniel Fellman
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Applied Educational Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulla Ellfolk
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Visby County Hospital, Visby, Sweden
| | - Juha O Rinne
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Laine
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yan T, Wang Y, Weng Z, Du W, Liu T, Chen D, Li X, Wu J, Han Y. Early-Stage Identification and Pathological Development of Alzheimer's Disease Using Multimodal MRI. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 68:1013-1027. [PMID: 30958352 DOI: 10.3233/jad-181049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative diseases. The study of the pathological mechanism of AD and early-stage diagnosis is essential and important. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), the first at-risk stage of AD occurring prior to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), is of great research value and has gained our interest. To investigate the entire pathological development of AD pathology efficiently, we proposed a machine learning classification method based on a multimodal support vector machine (SVM) to investigate the structural and functional connectivity patterns of the three stages of AD (SCD, aMCI, and AD). Our experiments achieved an accuracy of 98.58% in the AD group, 97.76% in the aMCI group, and 80.24% in the SCD group. Moreover, in our experiments, we identified the most discriminating brain regions, which were mainly located in the default mode network and subcortical structures (SCS). Notably, with the development of AD pathology, SCS regions have become increasingly important, and structural connectivity has shown more discriminative power than functional connectivity. The current study may shed new light on the pathological mechanism of AD and suggests that whole-brain connectivity may provide potential effective biomarkers for the early-stage diagnosis of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghao Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zizheng Weng
- Daniel Felix Ritchie School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Wenying Du
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Duanduan Chen
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglong Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems; Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Reekes TH, Higginson CI, Ledbetter CR, Sathivadivel N, Zweig RM, Disbrow EA. Sex specific cognitive differences in Parkinson disease. NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 6:7. [PMID: 32284961 PMCID: PMC7142103 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-020-0109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is 1.5 times more common in males than in females. While motor progression tends to be more aggressive in males, little is known about sex difference in cognitive progression. We tested the hypothesis that there are sex differences in cognitive dysfunction in non-demented PD. We evaluated 84 participants (38 females) with PD and 59 controls (27 females) for demographic variables and cognitive function, including attention, working memory, executive function, and processing speed. Multivariate ANOVA revealed no significant differences between groups for demographic variables, including age, years of education, global cogntition, daytime sleepiness, predicted premorbid IQ, UPDRS score, PD phenotype, or disease duration. For cognitive variables, we found poorer performance in males versus females with PD for measures of executive function and processing speed, but no difference between male and female controls. Specifically, PD males showed greater deficits in Verbal Fluency (category fluency, category switching, and category switching accuracy), Color Word Interference (inhibition), and speed of processing (SDMT). There were no differences in measures of working memory or attention across sex and inconsistent findings for switching. Our data indicate that males with PD have significantly greater executive and processing speed impairments compared to females despite no differences in demographic variables or other measures of disease severity. Our findings are consistent with the steeper slope of disease progression reported in males with PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Harrison Reekes
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA USA.,2LSU Health Shreveport Center for Brain Health, Shreveport, LA USA
| | | | - Christina Raye Ledbetter
- 2LSU Health Shreveport Center for Brain Health, Shreveport, LA USA.,4Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA USA
| | - Niroshan Sathivadivel
- 2LSU Health Shreveport Center for Brain Health, Shreveport, LA USA.,5Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA USA
| | - Richard Matthew Zweig
- 5Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA USA
| | - Elizabeth Ann Disbrow
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA USA.,2LSU Health Shreveport Center for Brain Health, Shreveport, LA USA.,5Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Uslu A, Ergen M, Demirci H, Lohmann E, Hanagasi H, Demiralp T. Event-related potential changes due to early-onset Parkinson's disease in parkin (PARK2) gene mutation carriers and non-carriers. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:1444-1452. [PMID: 32388155 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate cognitive functions in non-demented patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD), and to compare PARK2 gene mutation carriers and non-carriers by means of event-related brain potentials (ERPs). METHODS The participants comprised patients with early-onset PD (EOPD) and healthy controls (HC). Patients with EOPD were divided into two groups as carriers of known pathogenic variants of PARK2 gene (EOPD-PC) and non-carriers of genes involved in familial PD (EOPD-NC). ERP data were collected during auditory oddball and visual continuous performance test (CPT). RESULTS Both EOPD groups (EOPD-PC and EOPD-NC) displayed reduced and delayed P3 in response to oddball target and CPT NoGo. CPT Go P3 was reduced in EOPD-NC but not in EOPD-PC. Oddball target N1 was reduced and P2 was enhanced in both EOPD-PC and EOPD-NC. In both cognitive tasks, RTs were prolonged and accuracy was lower in EOPD-PC and EOPD-NC. CONCLUSIONS We found several EOPD-related neurophysiologic changes, implying impairments in cognitive functions. Pairwise comparisons between EOPD-PC and EOPD-NC revealed no significant ERP marker. SIGNIFICANCE In this study, the confounding effect of normative aging was somewhat excluded compared with many previous studies. In contrast with the many oddball studies in non-demented PD, we clearly observed reduced and prolonged P3 in early-onset PD. Our NoGo P3 findings also contribute to the limited ERP research concerning response inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Uslu
- Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Capa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Ergen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Atasehir 34752, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Demirci
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Capa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebba Lohmann
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Capa, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hasmet Hanagasi
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Capa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tamer Demiralp
- Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Capa, Istanbul, Turkey; Hulusi Behcet Life Sciences Research Laboratory - Neuroimaging Unit, Istanbul University, 34093 Capa-Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cederberg KL, Birchall E, Belotserkovkaya N, Memon R, Motl R, Amara A. Does restless legs syndrome impact cognitive function via sleep quality in adults with Parkinson's disease? Int J Neurosci 2020; 130:322-329. [PMID: 31625438 PMCID: PMC7101254 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1681423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sleep disorder that results in sleep dysfunction. Sleep disruption can have profound negative consequences in adults with Parkinson's disease (PD), potentially including cognitive dysfunction. This study examined the relationships among RLS, cognition, and sleep quality in persons with PD.Materials and methods: Participants (N = 79) with idiopathic PD completed six questionnaires evaluating RLS, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, global cognitive function, sleep apnea risk, and depression. Participants were further examined for body mass index composition and motor symptom severity (MDS-UPDRS Part III).Results: Persons with RLS (n = 25) had significantly worse cognitive function (p = 0.035, d = -0.56) and sleep quality (p < 0.0001, d = -1.19), and more daytime sleepiness (p = 0.009, d = 0.67) than those without RLS (n = 54). Cognitive function was not significantly correlated with sleep quality (rs = 0.113) or daytime sleepiness (rs = -0.001). The association between RLS and cognition was not attenuated by controlling for sleep quality or daytime sleepiness.Conclusions: This study is unique as it is the first to consider the possibility that RLS in PD may be associated with cognitive deficits through a pathway involving sleep quality. Persons with RLS and PD have greater deficits in both sleep quality and cognitive function than individuals without RLS; however, cognitive dysfunction among those with PD and RLS in this sample is not accounted for by sleep quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie L. Cederberg
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2 Avenue South, Birmingham, Alabama USA 35294-0017
| | - E.L. Birchall
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2 Avenue S. Birmingham, Alabama USA 35294-0017
| | - N. Belotserkovkaya
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, 260 Stetson Street, Suite 2300, Cincinnati, Ohio USA 45219
| | - R.A. Memon
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2 Avenue S. Birmingham, Alabama USA 35294-0017
| | - R.W. Motl
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2 Avenue South, Birmingham, Alabama USA 35294-0017
| | - A. Amara
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2 Avenue S. Birmingham, Alabama USA 35294-0017
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pal A, Pegwal N, Behari M, Sharma R. Is Dementia in Parkinson' Disease Related to Chronic Stress, Anxiety, and Depression? Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2019; 22:409-413. [PMID: 31736560 PMCID: PMC6839290 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_341_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Stress, anxiety, and depression are known to be associated with the development of neurodegenerative disorders through interactions with the underlying pathophysiology. We hypothesized that the presence of these symptoms contributes to cognitive disturbances and dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD). The present study aimed to investigate the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in PD patients relative to healthy individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anxiety, stress, and depression levels were assessed using standardized questionnaires in PD without dementia (PDND, n = 30), PD with dementia (PDD, n = 28), and healthy controls (HC, n = 26). Arithmetic subtraction task was used as a stressor. Galvanic skin response, heart rate and salivary cortisol, and alpha-amylase were measured during baseline and after induced stress (arithmetic task). RESULTS Acute anxiety, acute stress, and depression levels were significantly higher in PDND compared to HC, whereas both acute and chronic anxiety, stress, and depression levels were significantly higher in PDD compared to PDND and HC. Cortisol and alpha-amylase levels were significantly higher in PDND compared to HC during both baseline and postarithmetic task. Posttask levels of cortisol were lower in PDD compared to PDND. CONCLUSION This study concludes that higher levels of salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase at baseline and poststress task with normal levels of chronic stress and anxiety were associated with no dementia in PD. Presence of higher levels of acute, chronic anxiety, and stress along with depression with lower cortisol reactivity to stressor suggests onset of dementia in Parkinson's patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Pal
- Department of Physiology, Stress and Cognitive Electroimaging Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nishi Pegwal
- Department of Physiology, Stress and Cognitive Electroimaging Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhuri Behari
- Department of Neurology, Fortis Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ratna Sharma
- Department of Physiology, Stress and Cognitive Electroimaging Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hanoğlu L, Ercan FB, Mantar N, Helvacı Yılmaz N, Sitrava S, Özer F, Yuluğ B. Accelerated forgetting and verbal memory consolidation process in idiopathic nondement Parkinson's disease. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 70:208-213. [PMID: 31473091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Episodic memory impairment and underlying pathophysiology in Parkinson's Disease (PD) is poorly investigated. Formerly, it was thought to be a secondary effect of impairment in fronto-striatal circuit. However, recent studies hypothesized that there is a dual progression of PD and memory loss is possibly related to posterior cortex rather than frontal. To understand the impairment, underlying mechanisms should be investigated. Although consolidation is one of these mechanisms consolidation phase of episodic memory in PD was not investigated yet. Recently accelerated long term forgetting (ALF) phenomenon is emphasized in consolidation researches. METHOD Here it is evaluated the presence of accelerated long-term forgetting in nondemented PD as a consequence of a deficit in consolidation process. 32 patients and 33 controls participated in the study. Turkish Verbal Memory Process Test (VMPT) was applied to both groups. Delayed recall (DR) scores collected after 30 min, one week and six weeks. Forgetting rates were calculated based on these scores. RESULTS There was significant difference in DR scores of patients compared to controls in the 30th minute and sixth week. Forgetting rate between 30th minute-1st week did not differ but 1st-6th week was found statistically significant across groups. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating verbal memory consolidation in PD. Results suggested that impairment is possibly related to the late phase of consolidation of verbal memory in neocortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Hanoğlu
- Istanbul Medipol University, Institute of Medical Science, Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, REMER, Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F B Ercan
- Istanbul Medipol University, Institute of Medical Science, Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - N Mantar
- Istanbul Medipol University, Institute of Medical Science, Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Helvacı Yılmaz
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Sitrava
- Istanbul Medipol University, Psychological Counseling Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F Özer
- Koç University, Topkapı Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B Yuluğ
- Alanya University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Antalya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chung SJ, Yoo HS, Lee YH, Lee PH, Sohn YH. Heterogeneous Patterns of Striatal Dopamine Loss in Patients with Young- versus Old-Onset Parkinson's Disease: Impact on Clinical Features. J Mov Disord 2019; 12:113-119. [PMID: 31158944 PMCID: PMC6547040 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.18064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Ample evidence has suggested that age at onset of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with heterogeneous clinical features in individuals. We hypothesized that this may be attributed to different patterns of nigrostriatal dopamine loss. Methods A total of 205 consecutive patients with de novo PD who underwent 18F-FP-CIT PET scans (mean follow-up duration, 6.31 years) were divided into three tertile groups according to their age at onset of parkinsonian motor symptoms. Striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) availability was compared between the old- (n = 73) and young-onset (n = 66) groups. In addition, the risk of developing freezing of gait (FOG) and longitudinal requirements for dopaminergic medications were examined. Results The old-onset PD group (mean age at onset, 72.66 years) exhibited more severe parkinsonian motor signs than the young-onset group (52.58 years), despite comparable DAT availability in the posterior putamen; moreover, the old-onset group exhibited more severely decreased DAT availability in the caudate than the young-onset group. A Cox regression model revealed that the old-onset PD group had a higher risk for developing FOG than the young-onset group [hazard ratio 2.523, 95% confidence interval (1.239–5.140)]. The old-onset group required higher doses of dopaminergic medications for symptom control than the young-onset group over time. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the old-onset PD group exhibited more severe dopamine loss in the caudate and were more likely to develop gait freezing, suggesting that age at onset may be one of the major determinants of the pattern of striatal dopamine depletion and progression of gait disturbance in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Jong Chung
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Soo Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang Hyun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Phil Hyu Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young H Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Altered functional brain networks in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a resting-state fMRI study. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 11:619-631. [PMID: 26972578 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9539-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment MCI (aMCI) has a high progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI) has been increasingly utilized in studying the pathogenesis of aMCI, especially in resting-state networks (RSNs). In the current study, we aimed to explore abnormal RSNs related to memory deficits in aMCI patients compared to the aged-matched healthy control group using RS-fMRI techniques. Firstly, we used ALFF (amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation) method to define the regions of interest (ROIs) which exhibited significant changes in aMCI compared with the control group. Then, we divided these ROIs into different networks in line with prior studies. The aim of this study is to explore the functional connectivity between these ROIs within networks and also to investigate the connectivity between networks. Comparing aMCI to the control group, our results showed that 1) the hippocampus (HIPP) had decreased FC with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and inferior parietal lobe (IPL), and the mPFC showed increased connectivity to IPL in the default mode network; 2) the thalamus showed decreased FC with the putamen and HIPP, and the HIPP showed increased connectivity to the putamen in the limbic system; 3) the supplementary motor area had decreased FC with the middle temporal gyrus and increased FC with the superior parietal lobe in the sensorimotor network; 4) increased connectivity between the lingual gyrus and middle occipital gyrus in the visual network; and 5) the DMN has reduced inter-network connectivities with the SMN and VN. These findings indicated that functional brain networks involved in cognition such as episodic memory, sensorimotor and visual cognition in aMCI were altered, and provided a new sight in understanding the important subtype of aMCI.
Collapse
|
23
|
Chung SJ, Yoo HS, Oh JS, Kim JS, Ye BS, Sohn YH, Lee PH. Effect of striatal dopamine depletion on cognition in de novo Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018. [PMID: 29526657 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the relationship between the sub-regional pattern of striatal dopamine depletion and cognitive impairment in early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD), and determine the effect of striatal dopamine density on cognitive prognosis. METHODS Patients with drug-naïve non-demented PD were divided into mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI; n = 129) and cognitively normal (PD-CogN; n = 182) groups. Using quantification of the dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in each striatal sub-region with 18F-FP-CIT PET scans, we performed inter-group comparative analysis of DAT availability and multivariate linear regression analysis to assess the association between DAT availability and cognitive performance. Additionally, the effect of baseline DAT availability on the cognitive decline across time as well as on changes in the cognitive status was estimated. RESULTS The PD-MCI group exhibited more severely decreased DAT availability in all the striatal sub-regions compared to the PD-CogN group, although there was no significant difference in PD duration. The DAT availability in the caudate, anterior putamen, and ventral striatum was directly associated with attention/working memory, frontal/executive, and visuospatial functions, while the DAT availability of the posterior putamen was not. However, the baseline DAT availability of the striatal sub-regions did not influence the cognitive decline or cognitive status in the longitudinal cognitive assessment. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that striatal DAT availability may determine MCI in patients with de novo PD. Dopamine loss in the associative and limbic striatum is closely linked to cognitive deficits in early-stage PD, although it does not affect cognitive prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Jong Chung
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Soo Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungsu S Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Seung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byoung Seok Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young H Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Phil Hyu Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Staffaroni AM, Elahi FM, McDermott D, Marton K, Karageorgiou E, Sacco S, Paoletti M, Caverzasi E, Hess CP, Rosen HJ, Geschwind MD. Neuroimaging in Dementia. Semin Neurol 2017; 37:510-537. [PMID: 29207412 PMCID: PMC5823524 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Although the diagnosis of dementia still is primarily based on clinical criteria, neuroimaging is playing an increasingly important role. This is in large part due to advances in techniques that can assist with discriminating between different syndromes. Magnetic resonance imaging remains at the core of differential diagnosis, with specific patterns of cortical and subcortical changes having diagnostic significance. Recent developments in molecular PET imaging techniques have opened the door for not only antemortem but early, even preclinical, diagnosis of underlying pathology. This is vital, as treatment trials are underway for pharmacological agents with specific molecular targets, and numerous failed trials suggest that earlier treatment is needed. This article provides an overview of classic neuroimaging findings as well as new and cutting-edge research techniques that assist with clinical diagnosis of a range of dementia syndromes, with an emphasis on studies using pathologically proven cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Staffaroni
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Fanny M. Elahi
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Dana McDermott
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Kacey Marton
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Elissaios Karageorgiou
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
- Neurological Institute of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Simone Sacco
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
- Institute of Radiology, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Paoletti
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
- Institute of Radiology, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eduardo Caverzasi
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Christopher P. Hess
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), California
| | - Howard J. Rosen
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Michael D. Geschwind
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Schneider CB, Donix M, Linse K, Werner A, Fauser M, Klingelhoefer L, Löhle M, von Kummer R, Reichmann H, Storch A. Accelerated Age-Dependent Hippocampal Volume Loss in Parkinson Disease With Mild Cognitive Impairment. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2017; 32:313-319. [PMID: 28468552 PMCID: PMC10852576 DOI: 10.1177/1533317517698794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Parkinson disease are at high risk of developing dementia. During the course of the disease, a substantial number of patients will experience a cognitive decline, indicating the dynamics of the underlying neuropathology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become increasingly useful for identifying structural characteristics in radiological brain anatomy existing prior to clinical symptoms. Whether these changes reflect pathology, whether they are aging related, or both often remains unclear. We hypothesized that aging-associated brain structural changes would be more pronounced in the hippocampal region among patients with Parkinson disease having mild cognitive deficits relative to cognitively unimpaired patients. METHODS Using MRI, we investigated 30 cognitively healthy patients with Parkinson disease and 33 patients with nondemented Parkinson disease having mild cognitive impairment. All participants underwent structural MRI scanning and extensive clinical and neuropsychological assessments. RESULTS Irrespective of the study participants' cognitive status, older age was associated with reduced cortical thickness in various neocortical regions. Having mild cognitive impairment was not associated with an increased rate of cortical thinning or volume loss in these regions, except in the hippocampus bilaterally. CONCLUSION Patients with Parkinson disease having mild cognitive impairment show an accelerated age-dependent hippocampal volume loss when compared with cognitively healthy patients with Parkinson disease. This may indicate pathological processes in a key region for memory functioning in patients with Parkinson disease at risk of developing dementia. Structural MRI of the hippocampal region could potentially contribute to identifying patients who should receive early treatment aimed at delaying the clinical onset of dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine B. Schneider
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Markus Donix
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Old Age Psychiatry and Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katharina Linse
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Werner
- Institute and Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mareike Fauser
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Lisa Klingelhoefer
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Löhle
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Rüdiger von Kummer
- Institute and Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Heinz Reichmann
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Storch
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 18147 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Foster ER, McDaniel MA, Rendell PG. Improving Prospective Memory in Persons With Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2017; 31:451-461. [PMID: 28176547 PMCID: PMC5393947 DOI: 10.1177/1545968317690832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective memory (PM) is essential for productive and independent living and necessary for compliance with prescribed health behaviors. Parkinson disease (PD) can cause PM deficits that are associated with activity limitations and reduced quality of life. Forming implementation intentions (IIs) is an encoding strategy that may improve PM in this population. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of IIs on PM performance in PD. METHODS This was a laboratory-based randomized controlled trial. Participants with mild to moderate PD without dementia (n = 62) performed a computerized PM test (Virtual Week) under standard instructions. One week later they were randomly allocated to perform it again while using either IIs or a rehearsal (RR) encoding strategy. RESULTS PM performance was better with the use of both strategies relative to standard instructions. This effect was larger for tasks with event-based compared with time-based cues. In addition, IIs resulted in a larger effect than RR for the nonrepeated tasks. CONCLUSIONS Strategies that support full encoding of PM cues and actions can improve PM performance among people with PD, particularly for tasks with cues that are readily available in the environment. IIs may be more effective than RR for nonrepeated tasks, but this finding warrants verification. Future work should address transfer of strategy use from the laboratory to everyday life. Targeted strategies to manage PM impairment could improve function and quality of life and significantly affect clinical care for people with PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin R. Foster
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
| | - Mark A. McDaniel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gong N, Chan C, Leung L, Wong C, Dibb R, Liu C. Differential microstructural and morphological abnormalities in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from cortical and deep gray matter. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:2495-2508. [PMID: 28176436 PMCID: PMC6867186 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
One aim of this study is to use non-Gaussian diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for capturing microstructural abnormalities in gray matter of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The other aim is to compare DKI metrics against thickness of cortical gray matter and volume of deep gray matter, respectively. A cohort of 18 patients with AD, 18 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 18 normal controls underwent morphological and DKI MR imaging. Images were investigated using regions-of-interest-based analyses for deep gray matter and vertex-wise analyses for cortical gray matter. In deep gray matter, more regions showed DKI parametric abnormalities than atrophies at the early MCI stage. Mean kurtosis (MK) exhibited the largest number of significant abnormalities among all DKI metrics. At the later AD stage, diffusional abnormalities were observed in fewer regions than atrophies. In cortical gray matter, abnormalities in thickness were mainly in the medial and lateral temporal lobes, which fit the locations of known early pathological changes. Microstructural abnormalities were predominantly in the parietal and even frontal lobes, which fit the locations of known late pathological changes. In conclusion, MK can complement conventional diffusion metrics for detecting microstructural changes, especially in deep gray matter. This study also provides evidence supporting the notion that microstructural changes predate morphological changes. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2495-2508, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan‐Jie Gong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
- Brain Imaging and Analysis CenterDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth Carolina
| | - Chun‐Chung Chan
- Department of Geriatrics & MedicineUnited Christian HospitalHong KongChina
| | - Lam‐Ming Leung
- Department of PsychiatryUnited Christian HospitalHong KongChina
| | - Chun‐Sing Wong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Russell Dibb
- Center for In Vivo MicroscopyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth Carolina
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth Carolina
- Department of RadiologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Malak ALSB, Vasconcellos LF, Pereira JS, Greca DV, Cruz M, Alves HVD, Sptiz M, Charchat-Fichman H. Symptoms of depression in patients with mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. Dement Neuropsychol 2017; 11:145-153. [PMID: 29213506 PMCID: PMC5710683 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642016dn11-020007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the most frequent depressive symptoms and their association with cognition in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS 48 patients with PD and 44 controls (CG), aged between 50 and 80 years and with at least 4 years of formal education, all with MCI and none diagnosed with depression, were assessed. Patients and controls were matched for age, education, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Participants underwent clinical evaluation with a neurologist followed by neuropsychological assessment employing the instruments: MMSE, Clock Drawing Test, Verbal Fluency Test (semantic and phonemic), Figures Memory Test (FMT), Stroop Test, Trail Making Test, Digit Span (WAIS III), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Hooper Visual Organization Test, and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). RESULTS The most frequent depressive symptoms in the PD group were: difficulty working, fatigue and sleep disorders (the latter also being present in CG). BDI score correlated negatively with learning and recognition memory in both groups. Episodic memory, evaluated by the FMT and RAVLT tests, was the cognitive function showing greatest impairment. CONCLUSION Some of the depressive symptoms observed in PD patients with MCI seem to be attributable to complications of PD, while others are common to both PD and MCI, making differential diagnoses complex but crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Felipe Vasconcellos
- Movement Disorders Sector, Neurology Service, Pedro Ernesto
University Hospital, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil
- Post Graduate Stricto Sensu Program in Medical Sciences, School of
Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil
| | - João Santos Pereira
- Movement Disorders Sector, Neurology Service, Pedro Ernesto
University Hospital, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil
| | - Denise Vieira Greca
- Psychology Department, Pontificial Catholic University of Rio de
Janeiro (PUC-Rio), RJ, Brazil
| | - Manuela Cruz
- Psychology Department, Pontificial Catholic University of Rio de
Janeiro (PUC-Rio), RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Sptiz
- Movement Disorders Sector, Neurology Service, Pedro Ernesto
University Hospital, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil
- Post Graduate Stricto Sensu Program in Medical Sciences, School of
Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Qamar MA, Sauerbier A, Politis M, Carr H, Loehrer PA, Chaudhuri KR. Presynaptic dopaminergic terminal imaging and non-motor symptoms assessment of Parkinson's disease: evidence for dopaminergic basis? NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2017; 3:5. [PMID: 28649605 PMCID: PMC5445592 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-016-0006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is now considered to be a multisystemic disorder consequent on multineuropeptide dysfunction including dopaminergic, serotonergic, cholinergic, and noradrenergic systems. This multipeptide dysfunction leads to expression of a range of non-motor symptoms now known to be integral to the concept of PD and preceding the diagnosis of motor PD. Some non-motor symptoms in PD may have a dopaminergic basis and in this review, we investigate the evidence for this based on imaging techniques using dopamine-based radioligands. To discuss non-motor symptoms we follow the classification as outlined by the validated PD non-motor symptoms scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MA Qamar
- National Parkinson’s Foundation International Center of Excellence, King’s College London and King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Sauerbier
- National Parkinson’s Foundation International Center of Excellence, King’s College London and King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Politis
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK
| | - H Carr
- National Parkinson’s Foundation International Center of Excellence, King’s College London and King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - P A Loehrer
- National Parkinson’s Foundation International Center of Excellence, King’s College London and King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - K Ray Chaudhuri
- National Parkinson’s Foundation International Center of Excellence, King’s College London and King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dementia in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 2017; 374:26-31. [PMID: 28088312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dementia can occur in a substantial number of patients with Parkinson's disease with a point prevalence close to 30%. The cognitive profile is characterized by predominant deficits in executive, visuospatial functions, attention and memory. Behavioral symptoms are frequent such as apathy, visual hallucinations and delusions. The most prominent associated pathology is Lewy body-type and biochemical deficit is cholinergic. Placebo-controlled randomized trials with cholinesterase inhibitors demonstrated modest but significant benefits in cognition, behavioral symptoms and global functions.
Collapse
|
31
|
Herzallah MM, Khdour HY, Taha AB, Elmashala AM, Mousa HN, Taha MB, Ghanim Z, Sehwail MM, Misk AJ, Balsdon T, Moustafa AA, Myers CE, Gluck MA. Depression Reduces Accuracy While Parkinsonism Slows Response Time for Processing Positive Feedback in Patients with Parkinson's Disease with Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder Tested on a Probabilistic Category-Learning Task. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:84. [PMID: 28659830 PMCID: PMC5466983 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common non-motor manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD) affecting 50% of patients. However, little is known about the cognitive correlates of MDD in PD. Using a computer-based cognitive task that dissociates learning from positive and negative feedback, we tested four groups of subjects: (1) patients with PD with comorbid MDD, (2) patients with PD without comorbid MDD, (3) matched patients with MDD alone (without PD), and (4) matched healthy control subjects. Furthermore, we used a mathematical model of decision-making to fit both choice and response time data, allowing us to detect and characterize differences between the groups that are not revealed by cognitive results. The groups did not differ in learning accuracy from negative feedback, but the MDD groups (PD patients with MDD and patients with MDD alone) exhibited a selective impairment in learning accuracy from positive feedback when compared to the non-MDD groups (PD patients without MDD and healthy subjects). However, response time in positive feedback trials in the PD groups (both with and without MDD) was significantly slower than the non-PD groups (MDD and healthy groups). While faster response time usually correlates with poor learning accuracy, it was paradoxical in PD groups, with PD patients with MDD having impaired learning accuracy and PD patients without MDD having intact learning accuracy. Mathematical modeling showed that both MDD groups (PD with MDD and MDD alone) were significantly slower than non-MDD groups in the rate of accumulation of information for stimuli trained by positive feedback, which can lead to lower response accuracy. Conversely, modeling revealed that both PD groups (PD with MDD and PD alone) required more evidence than other groups to make responses, thus leading to slower response times. These results suggest that PD patients with MDD exhibit cognitive profiles with mixed traits characteristic of both MDD and PD, furthering our understanding of both PD and MDD and their often-complex comorbidity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine feedback-based learning in PD with MDD while controlling for the effects of PD and MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Herzallah
- Palestinian Neuroscience Initiative, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine.,Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Hussain Y Khdour
- Palestinian Neuroscience Initiative, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine.,Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Ahmad B Taha
- Palestinian Neuroscience Initiative, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine
| | - Amjad M Elmashala
- Palestinian Neuroscience Initiative, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine
| | - Hamza N Mousa
- Palestinian Neuroscience Initiative, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine
| | - Mohamad B Taha
- Palestinian Neuroscience Initiative, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine
| | - Zaid Ghanim
- Palestinian Neuroscience Initiative, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine
| | - Mahmud M Sehwail
- Palestinian Neuroscience Initiative, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine
| | - Adel J Misk
- Palestinian Neuroscience Initiative, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine
| | - Tarryn Balsdon
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Marcs Institute for Brain and Behavior, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Marcs Institute for Brain and Behavior, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine E Myers
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, United States.,Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Mark A Gluck
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu Y, Wang Y, Huang C, Zeng D. Estimating personalized diagnostic rules depending on individualized characteristics. Stat Med 2016; 36:1099-1117. [PMID: 27917508 DOI: 10.1002/sim.7182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for personalization of disease screening based on assessment of patient risk and other characteristics. For example, in breast cancer screening, advanced imaging technologies have made it possible to move away from 'one-size-fits-all' screening guidelines to targeted risk-based screening for those who are in need. Because diagnostic performance of various imaging modalities may vary across subjects, applying the most accurate modality to the patients who would benefit the most requires personalized strategy. To address these needs, we propose novel machine learning methods to estimate personalized diagnostic rules for medical screening or diagnosis by maximizing a weighted combination of sensitivity and specificity across subgroups of subjects. We first develop methods that can be applied when competing modalities or screening strategies that are observed on the same subject (paired design). Next, we present methods for studies where not all subjects receive both modalities (unpaired design). We study theoretical properties including consistency and risk bound of the personalized diagnostic rules and conduct simulation studies to examine performance of the proposed methods. Lastly, we analyze data collected from a brain imaging study of Parkinson's disease using positron emission tomography and diffusion tensor imaging with paired and unpaired designs. Our results show that in some cases, a personalized modality assignment is estimated to improve empirical area under the receiver operating curve compared with a 'one-size-fits-all' assignment strategy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226, WI, U.S.A
| | - Yuanjia Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, U.S.A
| | - Chaorui Huang
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY, 10065, U.S.A
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27514, NC, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cunha MP, Pazini FL, Lieberknecht V, Budni J, Oliveira Á, Rosa JM, Mancini G, Mazzardo L, Colla AR, Leite MC, Santos ARS, Martins DF, de Bem AF, Gonçalves CAS, Farina M, Rodrigues ALS. MPP +-Lesioned Mice: an Experimental Model of Motor, Emotional, Memory/Learning, and Striatal Neurochemical Dysfunctions. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6356-6377. [PMID: 27722926 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induces motor and nonmotor dysfunctions resembling Parkinson's disease (PD); however, studies investigating the effects of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), an active oxidative product of MPTP, are scarce. This study investigated the behavioral and striatal neurochemical changes (related to oxidative damage, glial markers, and neurotrophic factors) 24 h after intracerebroventricular administration of MPP+ (1.8-18 μg/mouse) in C57BL6 mice. MPP+ administration at high dose (18 μg/mouse) altered motor parameters, since it increased the latency to leave the first quadrant and reduced crossing, rearing, and grooming responses in the open-field test and decreased rotarod latency time. MPP+ administration at low dose (1.8 μg/mouse) caused specific nonmotor dysfunctions as it produced a depressive-like effect in the forced swim test and tail suspension test, loss of motivational and self-care behavior in the splash test, anxiety-like effect in the elevated plus maze test, and short-term memory deficit in the step-down inhibitory avoidance task, without altering ambulation. MPP+ at doses of 1.8-18 μg/mouse increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunocontent and at 18 μg/mouse increased α-synuclein and decreased parkin immunocontent. The astrocytic calcium-binding protein S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)/S100B ratio was decreased following MPP+ administration (18 μg/mouse). At this highest dose, MPP+ increased the ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) immunocontent, suggesting microglial activation. Also, MPP+ at a dose of 18 μg/mouse increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and glutathione (GSH) levels and increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) immunocontent, suggesting a significant role for oxidative stress in the MPP+-induced striatal damage. MPP+ (18 μg/mouse) also increased striatal fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Moreover, MPP+ decreased tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) immunocontent. Finally, MPP+ (1.8-18 μg/mouse) increased serum corticosterone levels and did not alter acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the striatum but increased it in cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Collectively, these results indicate that MPP+ administration at low doses may be used as a model of emotional and memory/learning behavioral deficit related to PD and that MPP+ administration at high dose could be useful for analysis of striatal dysfunctions associated with motor deficits in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio P Cunha
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Francis L Pazini
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Vicente Lieberknecht
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute for Translational Medicine, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Ágatha Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Júlia M Rosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Gianni Mancini
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Leidiane Mazzardo
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Center of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - André R Colla
- Centro Universitário Municipal de São José, São José, SC, Brazil
| | - Marina C Leite
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Adair R S Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel F Martins
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Pedra Branca, Palhoça, SC, 88137-270, Brazil
| | - Andreza F de Bem
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto S Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Aerobic Exercise Improves Mood, Cognition, and Language Function in Parkinson's Disease: Results of a Controlled Study. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2016; 22:878-889. [PMID: 27655232 DOI: 10.1017/s135561771600076x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parkinson's disease (PD) results in a range of non-motor deficits that can affect mood, cognition, and language, and many of these issues are unresponsive to pharmacological intervention. Aerobic exercise can improve mood and cognition in healthy older adults, although only a few studies have examined exercise effects on these domains in PD. The current study assesses the effects of aerobic exercise on aspects of cognition, mood, and language production in people with PD. METHODS This study compares the effects of aerobic exercise to stretch-balance training and a no-contact control group in participants with idiopathic PD. The aerobic and stretch-balance groups trained three times a week for 16 weeks, while controls continued normal activities. Outcome measures included disease severity, mood, cognition (speed of processing, memory, and executive function), and language production (picture descriptions). Cognition and language were assessed in single and dual task conditions. RESULTS Depressive symptoms increased only in the control group (p<.02). Executive function improved in the aerobic exercise group only in the single task (p=.007) and declined in controls in the dual task. Completeness of picture descriptions improved significantly more in the aerobic group than in the stretch-balance group (p<.02). CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise is a viable intervention for PD that can be protective against increased depressive symptoms, and can improve several non-motor domains, including executive dysfunction and related aspects of language production. (JINS, 2016, 22, 878-889).
Collapse
|
35
|
Shaikh KT, Yang A, Youshin E, Schmid S. Transgenic LRRK2 (R1441G) rats-a model for Parkinson disease? PeerJ 2015; 3:e945. [PMID: 26020005 PMCID: PMC4435452 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder, characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. While the cause of this disease is largely unknown, a rare autosomal dominant familial form of PD is caused by a genetic mutation in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene that presumably leads to a gain-of-function of LRRK2 kinase activity. Here, we explored the potential of over expression of this human gene in a new transgenic rat model to serve as an animal model for PD. Commercially available BAC transgenic rats expressing human LRRK2 with the familial PD mutation, R1441G, and their wild-type siblings were tested for deficits in motor function, sensorimotor gating, and higher cognitive function reminiscent of PD through the ages of 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. At 12 months of age, rats were exposed to intraperitoneal injections of the environmental toxin Paraquat or saline. Our results indicate that LRRK2 (R1441G) transgenic rats do not show signs of neurodegeneration and do not develop significant motor or cognitive deficits until the age of 16 months. In addition, LRRK2 (R1441G) transgenic rats did not show increased vulnerability to sub-toxic doses of Paraquat. Gene expression studies indicate that despite genomic presence and initial expression of the transgene, its expression was greatly reduced in our aged rats. We conclude that the transgenic LRRK2 (R1441G) rat is not a valid model for studying the pathology of PD and discuss this in relation to other transgenic rat models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Komal T Shaikh
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada
| | - Alvin Yang
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada
| | - Ekaterina Youshin
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada
| | - Susanne Schmid
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mak E, Dwyer MG, Ramasamy DP, Au WL, Tan LCS, Zivadinov R, Kandiah N. White Matter Hyperintensities and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease. J Neuroimaging 2015; 25:754-60. [PMID: 25753576 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical implications of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in non-demented Parkinson's disease (PD) have not been thoroughly examined. To address this, we investigated the spatial distribution of WMH and their regional predilection in non-demented patients with mild PD. METHODS Cognitive assessments classified the sample into patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI, n = 25) and patients with no cognitive impairment (PD-NCI, n = 65) based on the recent formal Movement Disorder Task Force diagnostic criteria. The mean age was 65.1 ± 7.7 years, disease duration was 5.3 ± 3.9 years, and Hoehn and Yahr stage was 1.9 ± .4. WMHs were outlined on T2-weighted imaging using a semi-automated technique. The spatial distribution of WMHs were compared between PD-MCI and PD-NCI using voxel-wise lesion probability maps (LPM). General linear models examined the associations between spatially specific WMHs and cognitive domains. RESULTS LPM analyses showed significant differences in the spatial distribution of WMH in PD-MCI compared to PD-NCI in widespread regions of the brain (P < .05). PD-MCI demonstrated significantly greater total and periventricular WMHs compared to PD-NCI (P ≤ .02). Spatial distribution of WMHs was also significantly associated with global cognition, performance on the Frontal Assessment Battery and Fruit Fluency (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Voxel-wise LPM analysis revealed differences in the spatial distribution of WMH between PD-MCI and PD-NCI patients, particularly in the periventricular regions. A more widespread extent of WMH might be indicative of cognitive deterioration. Our findings warrant further longitudinal investigation into the importance of WMH spatial distribution as a predictor for conversion from PD to PD with dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Mak
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY.,Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
| | - Michael G Dwyer
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Deepa P Ramasamy
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Wing Lok Au
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Louis C S Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Robert Zivadinov
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY.,MR Imaging Clinical Translational Research Center, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Nagaendran Kandiah
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hanoğlu L, Hakyemez HA, Özer F, Özben S, Demirci S, Oğuz Akarsu E. Relation between Olfactory Dysfunction and Episodic Verbal Memory in Early Parkinson's Disease. Noro Psikiyatr Ars 2014; 51:389-394. [PMID: 28360659 DOI: 10.5152/npa.2014.7353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Olfactory dysfunction is an early and common symptom in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Recently, the relation between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive loss in IPD has been reported. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relation between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairments in early IPD related with this theory. METHODS In this study, we included 28 patients with stage 1 and stage 2 IPD according to the Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) scale and 19 healthy participants. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) was performed for evaluating olfactory function. For cognitive investigation in participants, the clock drawing test, Stroop test, verbal fluency test, Benton face recognition test (BFR), Benton line judgment orientation test (BLO), and Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) were performed. RESULTS We found significantly lower UPSIT scores in the patient group compared to controls (p=.018). In the neuropsychological investigation, only Stroop test and BLOT test scores were significantly lower in the patient group compared to controls (p=.003, p=.002, respectively). We found a negative correlation between UPSIT scores and Stroop time (p=.033) and Stroop error (p=.037) and a positive correlation between UPSIT scores and SBST long-term memory scores (p=.016) in patients. CONCLUSION In our study, we found mild cognitive impairment related with visuospatial and executive functions in early-stage IPD compared to controls. But, in the patient group, we detected a different impairment pattern of memory and frontal functions that correlated with hyposmia. This different pattern might be indicating a subgroup of IPD characterized by low performance in episodic verbal memory, with accompanying olfactory dysfunction in the early stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lütfü Hanoğlu
- Medipol University Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Feriha Özer
- Ordu University Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Serkan Özben
- Kafkas University Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Kars, Turkey
| | - Sema Demirci
- Medipol University Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Oğuz Akarsu
- Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, İstanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Benz N, Hatz F, Bousleiman H, Ehrensperger MM, Gschwandtner U, Hardmeier M, Ruegg S, Schindler C, Zimmermann R, Monsch AU, Fuhr P. Slowing of EEG background activity in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease with early cognitive dysfunction. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:314. [PMID: 25477817 PMCID: PMC4235380 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Slowing of the electroencephalogram (EEG) is frequent in Parkinson’s (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and correlates with cognitive decline. As overlap pathology plays a role in the pathogenesis of dementia, it is likely that demented patients in PD show similar physiological alterations as in AD. Objective: To analyze distinctive quantitative EEG characteristics in early cognitive dysfunction in PD and AD. Methods: Forty patients (20 PD- and 20 AD patients with early cognitive impairment) and 20 normal controls (NC) were matched for gender, age, and education. Resting state EEG was recorded from 256 electrodes. Relative power spectra, median frequency (4–14 Hz), and neuropsychological outcome were compared between groups. Results: Relative theta power in left temporal region and median frequency separated the three groups significantly (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001). Relative theta power was increased and median frequency reduced in patients with both diseases compared to NC. Median frequency was higher in AD than in PD and classified groups significantly (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Increase of theta power in the left temporal region and a reduction of median frequency were associated with presence of AD or PD. PD patients are characterized by a pronounced slowing as compared to AD patients. Therefore, in both disorders EEG slowing might be a useful biomarker for beginning cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Benz
- Department of Neurology, Hospitals of University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Florian Hatz
- Department of Neurology, Hospitals of University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Habib Bousleiman
- Department of Neurology, Hospitals of University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland ; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Michael M Ehrensperger
- Memory Clinic, University Center for Medicine of Aging Basel, Felix Platter Hospital , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Ute Gschwandtner
- Department of Neurology, Hospitals of University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Martin Hardmeier
- Department of Neurology, Hospitals of University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Stephan Ruegg
- Department of Neurology, Hospitals of University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Christian Schindler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Ronan Zimmermann
- Department of Neurology, Hospitals of University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Andreas Urs Monsch
- Memory Clinic, University Center for Medicine of Aging Basel, Felix Platter Hospital , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Peter Fuhr
- Department of Neurology, Hospitals of University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Silva Lopes MD, Souza Melo AD, Nóbrega AC. Delayed latencies of auditory evoked potential P300 are associated with the severity of Parkinson's disease in older patients. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2014; 72:296-300. [PMID: 24760094 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20140005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Electrophysiological methods could provide important information about the neurophysiological status in Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVE To investigate the prolonged auditory P300 latency in PD and its association with the disease clinical stage. METHOD Clinical profiles of 44 patients were evaluated and those in initial and advanced stages of PD were identified. The frequency of altered latencies, median of latencies in each stage, and correlation between latencies and motor and non-motor clinical features were analyzed. Latencies were considered altered when they were more than two standard deviations from the mean of controls, per age group. RESULTS It was verified 10% of alterations in initial stages and 31% in advanced. There was correlation between latencies and non-motor clinical features. Subjects older than 65, in advanced stages, presented a significant increase of latencies. CONCLUSION There was an association between PD severity and P300 prolonged latencies among subjects 65 years old or older.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia da Silva Lopes
- Divisão de Neurologia e Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ailton de Souza Melo
- Divisão de Neurologia e Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ana Caline Nóbrega
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Caviness JN. Pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease behavior--a view from the network. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2014; 20 Suppl 1:S39-43. [PMID: 24262185 DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(13)70012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in neuroscience have uncovered an amazing complexity of connectivity between nuclei sites and circuits within the brain. Moreover, clinical and neuropathological study has revealed diffuse involvement of the nervous system in Parkinson's disease associated with early and/or significant clinical symptoms. Behavior manifestations in Parkinson's disease include cognitive decline and unwanted positive behaviors such as hallucinations and impulse-control disorders. The pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease can be conceptualized at multiple levels that include: (1) Molecular pathogenesis, (2) Cellular/Tissue abnormalities, (3) Neurochemical changes, (4) Site and circuit dysfunction, and (5) Network dysfunction. Currently, there is only a vague correlation with genetic abnormalities that manifest worse Parkinson's disease behavior problems, but abnormalities in misfolded proteins such as α-synuclein and Aβ peptide that are increased in cortical and subcortical areas do correlate with worse behavior signs and symptoms. Both Lewy-type synucleinopathy and Alzheimer's disease pathologies, along with loss of synaptic integrity, seem to correlate with Parkinson's disease cognitive decline. Neurochemical changes of dopamine, acetylcholine, and other monoamines are associated. The frontostriate circuit is most commonly implicated in Parkinson's disease behavior. However, there is now beginning to be evidence that diffuse global network dysfunction is possibly the unifying pathophysiology from all of these level abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John N Caviness
- Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Movement Disorders Division, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mak E, Zhou J, Tan LCS, Au WL, Sitoh YY, Kandiah N. Cognitive deficits in mild Parkinson's disease are associated with distinct areas of grey matter atrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2014; 85:576-80. [PMID: 24133286 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-305805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The neuroanatomical substrates underlying cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we compared the grey matter atrophy patterns in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) with PD patients having no cognitive impairment (PD-NCI), and examined relationships between atrophic regions and cognitive performance in specific domains. METHODS 90 non-demented PD patients (64.95±7.54 years, Hoehn and Yahr=1.88±0.39) were classified using formal diagnostic criteria as PD-MCI (n=23) or PD-NCI (n=67). Grey matter volume differences were examined using voxel-based morphometry on structural MRI, and multivariate linear regressions were employed to assess the relationships between cognitive performance in specific domains and atrophic regions. RESULTS Patients with PD-MCI had lower global cognition scores compared with PD-NCI (Mini Mental State Examination: 26.9 vs. 28.4, p=0.011; Montreal Cognitive Assessment: 24.5 vs. 27.0, p<0.001). The PD-MCI group demonstrated significantly poorer performance on executive function, attention, memory and language abilities. Patients with PD-MCI had reductions in grey matter volumes in the left insular, left superior frontal and left middle temporal areas compared to PD-NCI. Multiple regressions controlling for age, education and cardiovascular risk factors revealed significant positive correlations between left insular atrophy and executive-attention dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Domain specific cognitive impairment in mild PD is associated with distinct areas of grey matter atrophy. These regions of atrophy are demonstrable early in the disease course and may serve as a biomarker for dementia in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Mak
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Huang C, Ravdin LD, Nirenberg MJ, Piboolnurak P, Severt L, Maniscalco JS, Solnes L, Dorfman BJ, Henchcliffe C. Neuroimaging markers of motor and nonmotor features of Parkinson's disease: an 18f fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2013; 35:183-96. [PMID: 23445555 DOI: 10.1159/000345987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We sought to identify markers of motor and nonmotor function in Parkinson's disease (PD) using advanced neuroimaging techniques in subjects with PD. METHODS We enrolled 26 nondemented PD subjects and 12 control subjects. All subjects underwent [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography (FDG-PET) and magnetic resonance imaging, and a complete neuropsychological battery. RESULTS FDG-PET of subjects with PD revealed significant metabolic elevations in the bilateral posterior lentiform nucleus, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus, and metabolic reductions in the bilateral temporoparietal association cortex and occipital lobe versus controls. PD subjects had significant reductions in executive/attention function, memory/verbal learning, and speed of thinking, and significantly increased depression, anxiety and apathy scores compared with controls. Motor dysfunction correlated with increased metabolism in the posterior lentiform nucleus, pons, and cerebellum, and decreased metabolism in the temporoparietal lobe. Cognitive dysfunction correlated with increased posterior cingulate metabolism and decreased temporoparietal lobe metabolism. Depressive symptoms correlated with increased amygdala metabolism; anxiety scores correlated with decreased caudate metabolism, and apathy scores correlated with increased metabolism in the anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal lobe and decreased metabolism in the temporoparietal association cortex. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that motor, cognitive, and emotional dysfunction in PD are associated with distinct patterns of cerebral metabolic changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaorui Huang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA. chh2019 @ med.cornell.edu
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ozen Barut B, Gunal DI, Turkmen C, Mollahasanoğlu A, Ankaralı H. Clinical and cognitive profiles of patients with both Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. Acta Neurol Belg 2013; 113:117-25. [PMID: 22926528 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-012-0124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) are distinct clinical disorders, their coexistence can sometimes cause diagnostic problems. In this study, we conducted detailed investigations of patients with both ET and PD (ET-PD) and compared their clinical and cognitive profiles with those of patients with only ET or only PD. This study examined three groups of patients: the first group had ET-PD concomitantly (n = 9); the second group had only ET (n = 9); the third group had only PD (n = 10). The groups were compared in terms of demographic characteristics, clinical features, and cognitive functions. With the exception of positive family histories, which were more common in ET-PD than in PD patients, we found no differences among the groups with respect to demographic characteristics (p = 0.044). PD-only patients had more akinetic-rigid type Parkinsonism (p = 0.016), and their levodopa response was better than that of ET-PD patients (p = 0.017). Patients with ET-PD obtained significantly lower scores than those with pure ET on several cognitive tests, suggesting a prominent frontal-type cognitive dysfunction. In conclusion ET-PD patients differed from PD patients, showing more frequent familial tremor histories and lower levodopa responsiveness. This patient population also demonstrated more severe cognitive impairments than pure-ET patients. This result suggests that ET-PD patients are a subset of ET patients with more widespread neurodegeneration, which may indicate the presence of a syndrome that includes overlap between ET and PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Banu Ozen Barut
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
No animal model to date perfectly replicates Parkinson's disease (PD) etiopathogenesis, and the anatomical organization of the nigrostriatal system differs considerably between species. Human postmortem material therefore remains the gold standard for both formulating hypotheses for subsequent testing in in vitro and in vivo PD models and verifying hypotheses derived from experimental PD models with regard to their validity in the human disease. This article focuses on recent and relevant fields in which human postmortem work has generated significant impact in our understanding of PD. These fields include Lewy body formation, regional vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons, oxidative/nitrative cellular stress, inflammation, apoptosis, infectious and environmental agents, and nondopaminergic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hartmann
- Fédération de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Planetta PJ, Schulze ET, Geary EK, Corcos DM, Goldman JG, Little DM, Vaillancourt DE. Thalamic projection fiber integrity in de novo Parkinson disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 34:74-9. [PMID: 22766668 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Postmortem studies of advanced PD have revealed disease-related pathology in the thalamus with an apparent predilection for specific thalamic nuclei. In the present study, we used DTI to investigate in vivo the microstructural integrity of 6 thalamic regions in de novo patients with PD relative to healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty subjects (20 with early stage untreated PD and 20 age- and sex-matched controls) were studied with a high-resolution DTI protocol at 3T to investigate the integrity of thalamic nuclei projection fibers. Two blinded, independent raters drew ROIs in the following 6 thalamic regions: AN, VA, VL, DM, VPL/VPM, and PU. FA values were then calculated from the projection fibers in each region. RESULTS FA values were reduced significantly in the fibers projecting from the AN, VA, and DM, but not the VPL/VPM and PU, in the PD group compared with the control group. In addition, there was a reduction in FA values that approached significance in the VL of patients with PD. These findings were consistent across both raters. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides preliminary in vivo evidence of thalamic projection fiber degeneration in de novo PD and sheds light on the extent of disrupted thalamic circuitry as a result of the disease itself.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J Planetta
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Arnaldi D, Campus C, Ferrara M, Famà F, Picco A, De Carli F, Accardo J, Brugnolo A, Sambuceti G, Morbelli S, Nobili F. What predicts cognitive decline in de novo Parkinson's disease? Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33:1127.e11-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
47
|
|
48
|
Ash S, McMillan C, Gross RG, Cook P, Gunawardena D, Morgan B, Boller A, Siderowf A, Grossman M. Impairments of speech fluency in Lewy body spectrum disorder. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2012; 120:290-302. [PMID: 22099969 PMCID: PMC3299896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined connected speech in demented and non-demented patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We assessed the speech production of 35 patients with Lewy body spectrum disorder (LBSD), including non-demented PD patients, patients with PD dementia (PDD), and patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), in a semi-structured narrative speech sample in order to characterize impairments of speech fluency and to determine the factors contributing to reduced speech fluency in these patients. Both demented and non-demented PD patients exhibited reduced speech fluency, characterized by reduced overall speech rate and long pauses between sentences. Reduced speech rate in LBSD correlated with measures of between-utterance pauses, executive functioning, and grammatical comprehension. Regression analyses related non-fluent speech, grammatical difficulty, and executive difficulty to atrophy in frontal brain regions. These findings indicate that multiple factors contribute to slowed speech in LBSD, and this is mediated in part by disease in frontal brain regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Ash
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, United States.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Smith Y, Wichmann T, Factor SA, DeLong MR. Parkinson's disease therapeutics: new developments and challenges since the introduction of levodopa. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012; 37:213-46. [PMID: 21956442 PMCID: PMC3238085 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The demonstration that dopamine loss is the key pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), and the subsequent introduction of levodopa have revolutionalized the field of PD therapeutics. This review will discuss the significant progress that has been made in the development of new pharmacological and surgical tools to treat PD motor symptoms since this major breakthrough in the 1960s. However, we will also highlight some of the challenges the field of PD therapeutics has been struggling with during the past decades. The lack of neuroprotective therapies and the limited treatment strategies for the nonmotor symptoms of the disease (ie, cognitive impairments, autonomic dysfunctions, psychiatric disorders, etc.) are among the most pressing issues to be addressed in the years to come. It appears that the combination of early PD nonmotor symptoms with imaging of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system offers a promising path toward the identification of PD biomarkers, which, once characterized, will set the stage for efficient use of neuroprotective agents that could slow down and alter the course of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoland Smith
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Functional brain networks and abnormal connectivity in the movement disorders. Neuroimage 2011; 62:2261-70. [PMID: 22206967 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical manifestations of movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and dystonia, arise from neurophysiological changes within the cortico-striato-pallidothalamocortical (CSPTC) and cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CbTC) circuits. Neuroimaging techniques that probe connectivity within these circuits can be used to understand how these disorders develop as well as identify potential targets for medical and surgical therapies. Indeed, network analysis of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has identified abnormal metabolic networks associated with the cardinal motor symptoms of PD, such as akinesia and tremor, as well as PD-related cognitive dysfunction. More recent task-based and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have reproduced several of the altered connectivity patterns identified in these abnormal PD-related networks. A similar network analysis approach in dystonia revealed abnormal disease related metabolic patterns in both manifesting and non-manifesting carriers of dystonia mutations. Other multimodal imaging approaches using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging in patients with primary genetic dystonia suggest abnormal connectivity within the CbTC circuits mediate the clinical manifestations of this inherited neurodevelopmental disorder. Ongoing developments in functional imaging and future studies in early patients are likely to enhance our understanding of these movement disorders and guide novel targets for future therapies.
Collapse
|