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He P, Zhang Y, Chen R, Tong Z, Zhang M, Wu H. The maca protein ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice by modulating the gut microbiota and production of SCFAs. Food Funct 2023; 14:10329-10346. [PMID: 37955225 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03654e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Maca is a functional food with anti-inflammatory activity, and it is rich in protein. Currently, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common gastrointestinal disease. However, there is little research focusing on the effect of maca protein (MCP) on IBD. In this study, we extracted MCP from maca root and explored its effect and mechanism on improving dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced IBD in mice. The results indicated that MCP intervention alleviated the clinical symptoms and colon tissue damage of mice with DSS-induced colitis and inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors. Moreover, it can modulate the gut microbiota composition in mice with DSS-induced colitis. The regulation is achieved by reducing the relative abundance of the IBD-exacerbating key bacterial genera: Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Bacteroides, Desulfovibrio, Prevotella, Helicobacter and Sutterella, while increasing the relative abundance of the IBD-alleviating key bacterial genera: norank_f_Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillus, Oscillospira, Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium. MCP can also promote the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The further western blotting results indicated that MCP can regulate the Treg/Th17 immune balance in mice with colitis via the SCFAs-GPR41/43/HDAC1 signaling pathway. Overall, MCP can alleviate colitis by comprehensively regulating the gut microbiota and inflammatory response. It may be a promising functional component that reduces the risk of colitis by maintaining intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping He
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yizhe Zhang
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ruyang Chen
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhaoli Tong
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China.
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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2
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Zong S, Wang H, Li J, Liu J, Jin C. Chemical compositions, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of ethanol extract from Zhuke-Hulu tea. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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3
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Caetano-Silva ME, Rund LA, Vailati-Riboni M, Pacheco MTB, Johnson RW. Copper-Binding Peptides Attenuate Microglia Inflammation through Suppression of NF-kB Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100153. [PMID: 34532985 PMCID: PMC8612997 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Activation of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, has been related to the etiology and progression of neurodegenerative diseases; thus, finding novel approaches to suppress the neuroinflammatory process is of utmost relevance. METHODS AND RESULTS The anti-inflammatory activity of whey Cu-, Fe-, and Zn-binding peptides and their possible underlying mechanism of action were evaluated in microglia. Whey metal-binding peptides decreased nitric oxide production and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) at mRNA and protein levels by stimulated BV-2 microglia in comparison to the control with no peptide treatment. The hydrophobicity, specific sequences, and possible synergistic effects seem to play a role. Cu-binding peptides (Cu-bp) presented anti-inflammatory activity both in BV-2 and primary microglia cultures. These peptides exert their action by suppressing nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathway since nuclear translocation of NF-kB p65 is decreased by roughly 30% upon Cu-bp treatment. Specific sequences identified in Cu-bp showed high affinity to bind NF-kB p65 by molecular docking (up to -8.8 kcal mol-1 ), corroborating the immunofluorescence studies. CONCLUSION Cu-bp represent food-derived peptides that may be useful for neuroprotective purposes. Chelation of copper excess in the CNS and the bioavailability of such peptides, as well as their behavior in in vivo models, deserve further research for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Caetano-Silva
- Center of Food Science and Quality (CCQA), Institute of Food Technology (Ital), Campinas, SP 13070-178, Brazil
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Laurie A. Rund
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Mario Vailati-Riboni
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | | | - Rodney W. Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
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4
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Domínguez-Avila JA, Villa-Rodriguez JA, Montiel-Herrera M, Pacheco-Ordaz R, Roopchand DE, Venema K, González-Aguilar GA. Phenolic Compounds Promote Diversity of Gut Microbiota and Maintain Colonic Health. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:3270-3289. [PMID: 33111173 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of non-energy-yielding nutrients on health has been meticulously studied, and the evidence shows that a compound can exert significant effects on health even if not strictly required by the organism. Phenolic compounds are among the most widely studied molecules that fit this description; they are found in plants as secondary metabolites and are not required by humans for growth or development, but they can influence a wide array of processes that modulate health across multiple organs and systems. The lower gastrointestinal tract is a prime site of action of phenolic compounds, namely, by their effects on gut microbiota and colonic health. As with humans, phenolic compounds are not required by most bacteria but can be substrates of others; in fact, some phenolic compounds exert antibacterial actions. A diet rich in phenolic compounds can lead to qualitative and quantitative effects on gut microbiota, thereby inducing indirect health effects in mammals through the action of these microorganisms. Moreover, phenolic compounds may be fermented by the gut microbiota, thereby modulating the compounds bioactivity. In the colon, phenolic compounds promote anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and antiproliferative actions. The aim of the present review is to highlight the role of phenolic compounds on maintaining or restoring a healthy microbiota and overall colonic health. Mechanisms of action that substantiate the reported evidence will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abraham Domínguez-Avila
- Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - Jose A Villa-Rodriguez
- Center for Digestive Health, Department of Food Science, Institute for Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 61 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Marcelino Montiel-Herrera
- Departamento de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sonora, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Ramón Pacheco-Ordaz
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Diana E Roopchand
- Center for Digestive Health, Department of Food Science, Institute for Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 61 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University - Campus Venlo, St. Jansweg 20, 5928 RC, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Gustavo A González-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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5
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Mulberry (Morus atropurpurea Roxb.) leaf protein hydrolysates ameliorate dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis via integrated modulation of gut microbiota and immunity. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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6
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Daskalaki MG, Axarlis K, Aspevik T, Orfanakis M, Kolliniati O, Lapi I, Tzardi M, Dermitzaki E, Venihaki M, Kousoulaki K, Tsatsanis C. Fish Sidestream-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Suppress DSS-Induced Colitis by Modulating Intestinal Inflammation in Mice. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:312. [PMID: 34071180 PMCID: PMC8228426 DOI: 10.3390/md19060312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by extensive intestinal inflammation, and therapies against the disease target suppression of the inflammatory cascade. Nutrition has been closely linked to the development and suppression of inflammatory bowel disease, which to a large extent is attributed to the complex immunomodulatory properties of nutrients. Diets containing fish have been suggested to promote health and suppress inflammatory diseases. Even though most of the health-promoting properties of fish-derived nutrients are attributed to fish oil, the potential health-promoting properties of fish protein have not been investigated. Fish sidestreams contain large amounts of proteins, currently unexploited, with potential anti-inflammatory properties, and may possess additional benefits through bioactive peptides and free amino acids. In this project, we utilized fish protein hydrolysates, based on mackerel and salmon heads and backbones, as well as flounder skin collagen. Mice fed with a diet supplemented with different fish sidestream-derived protein hydrolysates (5% w/w) were exposed to the model of DSS-induced colitis. The results show that dietary supplements containing protein hydrolysates from salmon heads suppressed chemically-induced colitis development as determined by colon length and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. To evaluate colitis severity, we measured the expression of different pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and found that the same supplement suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNFα and the chemokines Cxcl1 and Ccl3. We also assessed the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and Tgfb and found that selected protein hydrolysates induced their expression. Our findings demonstrate that protein hydrolysates derived from fish sidestreams possess anti-inflammatory properties in the model of DSS-induced colitis, providing a novel underexplored source of health-promoting dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Daskalaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Axarlis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Tone Aspevik
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Nofima AS, 5141 Bergen, Norway; (T.A.); (K.K.)
| | - Michail Orfanakis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ourania Kolliniati
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Lapi
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Tzardi
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Katerina Kousoulaki
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Nofima AS, 5141 Bergen, Norway; (T.A.); (K.K.)
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
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7
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Morshedzadeh N, Shahrokh S, Chaleshi V, Karimi S, Mirmiran P, Zali MR. The effects of flaxseed supplementation on gene expression and inflammation in ulcerative colitis patients: An open-labelled randomised controlled trial. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14035. [PMID: 33482045 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestinal mucosa, is a clinical presentation of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). This study investigated the effect of grounded flaxseed (GF) and flaxseed oil (FO) on clinical biomarkers, quality of life and diseases activity in patients with UC. This research was conducted among 90 patients with UC for 12 weeks using an open-labelled randomised controlled trial design. METHODS The participants were randomly assigned into two intervention groups supplemented with GF (30 gr/day) and FO (10 gr/day) as well as a control group. The participants' data were collected prior to and 12 weeks after the intervention. The one-way analysis of variance was run to compare variables. RESULTS A total of 75 patients completed the study. After the intervention, hs-CRP (P < .001) and Mayo score (P < .001) were reduced significantly, but quality of life was increased significantly (P < .001) in the GF and FO groups compared with the control. A significant increase was observed in IL-10 concentration in the FO group, but no significant change was found in serum levels of IL-10 in the control group. Moreover, the decrease in Mayo score was greater in patients at more severe stages of the disease (P < .05). No difference was observed between the intervention groups and control group in mRNA expression level of TLR4 at the 12th week. CONCLUSION In conclusion, grounded flaxseed and FO attenuated systemic inflammation and improved disease severity in UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nava Morshedzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shabnam Shahrokh
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Chaleshi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Karimi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Zong S, Yang L, Park HJ, Li J. Dietary intake of Lycium ruthenicum Murray ethanol extract inhibits colonic inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis. Food Funct 2021; 11:2924-2937. [PMID: 32285052 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00172d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, phytochemical compositions of Lycium ruthenicum Murray ethanol extract (LRE) were analyzed by LC-ESI-MS/MS and the protective effect of LRE on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was evaluated in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced experimental colitis mice model. The results showed that a total of 129 compounds were tentatively identified, including phenols/phenolic acids, flavonoids and others. LRE supplementation significantly reduced DSS-induced body weight loss, disease activity index increase, colon length shortening and colonic pathological damage. LRE inhibited intestinal inflammation by regulating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, restored intestinal immune homeostasis by regulating immune cell infiltration and T lymphocyte subsets, and suppressed (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Moreover, the LRE profoundly ameliorated aberrant oxidative stress and restored the intestinal barrier integrity of colitis. Together, LRE supplementation might provide a new dietary strategy for preventing and ameliorating IBD as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinglei Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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9
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Keirns BH, Lucas EA, Smith BJ. Phytochemicals affect T helper 17 and T regulatory cells and gut integrity: implications on the gut-bone axis. Nutr Res 2020; 83:30-48. [PMID: 33010588 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathology of osteoporosis is multifactorial, but a growing body of evidence supports an important role of the gut-bone axis, especially in bone loss associated with menopause, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontal disease. Aberrant T cell responses favoring an increase in the ratio of T helper 17 cells to T regulatory cells play a critical role in the underlying etiology of this bone loss. Many of the dietary phytochemicals known to have osteoprotective activity such as flavonoids, organosulfur compounds, phenolic acids, as well as the oligosaccharides also improve gut barrier function and affect T cell differentiation and activation within gut-associated lymphoid tissues and at distal sites. Here, we examine the potential of these phytochemicals to act as prebiotics and immunomodulating agents, in part targeting the gut to mediate their effects on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryant H Keirns
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
| | - Edralin A Lucas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
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10
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Morshedzadeh N, Shahrokh S, Aghdaei HA, Amin Pourhoseingholi M, Chaleshi V, Hekmatdoost A, Karimi S, Zali MR, Mirmiran P. Effects of flaxseed and flaxseed oil supplement on serum levels of inflammatory markers, metabolic parameters and severity of disease in patients with ulcerative colitis. Complement Ther Med 2019; 46:36-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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11
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Liu J, Yu L, Mo N, Lan H, Zhang Y, Liu X, Wu Q. Supercritical Fluid Extract of Angelica sinensis and Zingiber officinale Roscoe Ameliorates TNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3816. [PMID: 31387229 PMCID: PMC6696010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a worldwide healthcare problem calling for the development of new therapeutic drugs. Angelica sinensis and Zingiber officinale Roscoe are two common dietetic Chinese herbs, which are traditionally used for complementary treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. As bioactive constituents, volatile and pungent substances of these two herbs could be effectively extracted together by supercritical fluid extraction. In this study, the supercritical fluid extract of Angelica sinensis and Zingiber officinale Roscoe (AZ-SFE) was obtained by an optimized extraction process and it was chemically characterized. The anti-inflammatory effect and underlying mechanism of AZ-SFE were evaluated in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell model and a 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis rat model. AZ-SFE notably inhibited the production of NO in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and it inhibited the proliferation of Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced splenocytes with suppression of the Th1 immune response. In vivo, the study demonstrated that AZ-SFE significantly alleviated disease activity, colonic shortening, macroscopic damage and histological injury of TNBS-treated rats with reduction of oxidative stress, suppression of inflammatory cytokines, and modulation of hepcidin and serum iron. These findings suggested that AZ-SFE may be a promising supplement for current IBD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ling Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Nuolan Mo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hai Lan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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12
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Fernández-Tomé S, Hernández-Ledesma B, Chaparro M, Indiano-Romacho P, Bernardo D, Gisbert JP. Role of food proteins and bioactive peptides in inflammatory bowel disease. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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