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Mavridis C, Venihaki M, Dermitzaki E, Deiktakis M, Liapakis G, Mamoulakis C. mRNA expression of CRF family members in urothelial bladder cancer. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:13. [PMID: 38034485 PMCID: PMC10688464 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) gene family includes the three urocortins (UCN1, 2 and 3) and the two receptors (CRFR1 and 2), which play a significant role in the physiology of various organs. The expression of the CRF family of genes and its receptors are shown to participate in the pathogenesis of inflammation and even tumorigenesis. However, data regarding the human urinary tract, especially the bladder, are scarce. To the best of our knowledge, no studies are currently available on the CRF system and bladder cancer. The primary goal of the present study was to investigate the mRNA expression of the CRF family members in bladder cancer. The secondary aim was to analyze the differences with the expression of the same mRNAs in normal bladders. From August 2018 to July 2021, 43 recruited patients were divided into three groups. Group A included healthy patients, group B included patients with bladder cancer and group C included patients with a history of cancer from whom samples were taken from the normal bladder mucosa. Detection of mRNA of the CRF family of genes was performed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The mRNA of the three urocortins, CRF and the two receptors were predominantly expressed in all three groups of patients. Statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that UCN1 was downregulated in patients with bladder cancer and those with possible cancer compared with the healthy group (mean rank group A=24.3 vs. mean rank group B=12.58; P=0.006) and (mean rank group A=24.3 vs. mean rank group C=8.88; P=0.001). The present experiments showed that mRNA of the CRF family of genes was amplified in normal and cancer bladder tissues. Downregulation of the UCN1 gene may be associated with bladder cancer, contributing to the prognosis, diagnosis or therapy of urothelial malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Mavridis
- Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Michail Deiktakis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Georgios Liapakis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Charalampos Mamoulakis
- Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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Daskalaki MG, Axarlis K, Tsoureki A, Michailidou S, Efraimoglou C, Lapi I, Kolliniati O, Dermitzaki E, Venihaki M, Kousoulaki K, Argiriou A, Tsatsanis C. Fish-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Increase Insulin Sensitivity and Alter Intestinal Microbiome in High-Fat-Induced Obese Mice. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:343. [PMID: 37367668 DOI: 10.3390/md21060343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are characterized by low-grade systemic inflammation and glucose intolerance, which can be partially controlled with nutritional interventions. Protein-containing nutritional supplements possess health-promoting benefits. Herein, we examined the effect of dietary supplementation with protein hydrolysates derived from fish sidestreams on obesity and diabetes, utilizing a mouse model of High-Fat Diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes. We examined the effect of protein hydrolysates from salmon and mackerel backbone (HSB and HMB, respectively), salmon and mackerel heads (HSH and HMH, respectively), and fish collagen. The results showed that none of the dietary supplements affected weight gain, but HSH partially suppressed glucose intolerance, while HMB and HMH suppressed leptin increase in the adipose tissue. We further analyzed the gut microbiome, which contributes to the metabolic disease implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes, and found that supplementation with selected protein hydrolysates resulted in distinct changes in gut microbiome composition. The most prominent changes occurred when the diet was supplemented with fish collagen since it increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and restricted the presence of harmful ones. Overall, the results suggest that protein hydrolysates derived from fish sidestreams can be utilized as dietary supplements with significant health benefits in the context of type 2 diabetes and diet-induced changes in the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Daskalaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Axarlis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antiopi Tsoureki
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), CERTH, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia Michailidou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), CERTH, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Efraimoglou
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Lapi
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ourania Kolliniati
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), CERTH, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
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Christoforakis Z, Dermitzaki E, Paflioti E, Katrinaki M, Deiktakis M, H Tosounidis T, Ballalis K, Tsatsanis C, Venihaki M, Kontakis G. Correlation of systemic metabolic inflammation with knee osteoarthritis. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:457-466. [PMID: 35764781 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-022-00381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze local and systematic inflammatory status in knee osteoarthritis (KOA), focusing on intra-articular and remote adipose tissue depots, and to explore its potential association with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS Patients (n = 27) with end-stage KOA were enrolled in the study and samples from infrapatellar fat pad (IFP), synovium, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), synovial fluid (SF), and serum were collected. In homogenates from the tissues, mRNA expression of developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL-1) was determined. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) were measured in tissues and SF and serum samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Fifteen patients fulfilled MetS criteria (w-MetS group) and 12 did not (non-MetS). In the entire population, IL-6 levels were significantly higher in IFP compared to synovium (median (interquartile range), 26.05 (26.16) vs. 15.75 (14.8) pg/mg of total protein, p = 0.043), but not to SAT (17.89 (17.9) pg/mg); IL-8 levels were significantly higher in IFP (17.3 (19.3) pg/mg) and SAT (24.2 (26) pg/mg) when compared to synovium (8.45 (6.17) pg/mg) (p = 0.029 and < 0.001, respectively). Significantly higher IL-6 concentrations in SF were detected in w-MetS patients compared to non-MetS (194.8 (299) vs. 64.1 (86.9) pg/ml, p = 0.027). Finally, DEL-1 mRNA expression was higher in IFP compared to synovium (eightfold, p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the critical role of IFP in knee joint homeostasis and progression of KOA. Furthermore, in KOA patients w-MetS, SAT is thought to play an important role in intra-knee inflammation via secretion of soluble inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Christoforakis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Agios Nikolaos, Crete, Greece
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eleni Paflioti
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Marianna Katrinaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry-Biochemistry, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Michail Deiktakis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Theodoros H Tosounidis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantine Ballalis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - George Kontakis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Daskalaki MG, Axarlis K, Aspevik T, Orfanakis M, Kolliniati O, Lapi I, Tzardi M, Dermitzaki E, Venihaki M, Kousoulaki K, Tsatsanis C. Fish Sidestream-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Suppress DSS-Induced Colitis by Modulating Intestinal Inflammation in Mice. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:312. [PMID: 34071180 PMCID: PMC8228426 DOI: 10.3390/md19060312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by extensive intestinal inflammation, and therapies against the disease target suppression of the inflammatory cascade. Nutrition has been closely linked to the development and suppression of inflammatory bowel disease, which to a large extent is attributed to the complex immunomodulatory properties of nutrients. Diets containing fish have been suggested to promote health and suppress inflammatory diseases. Even though most of the health-promoting properties of fish-derived nutrients are attributed to fish oil, the potential health-promoting properties of fish protein have not been investigated. Fish sidestreams contain large amounts of proteins, currently unexploited, with potential anti-inflammatory properties, and may possess additional benefits through bioactive peptides and free amino acids. In this project, we utilized fish protein hydrolysates, based on mackerel and salmon heads and backbones, as well as flounder skin collagen. Mice fed with a diet supplemented with different fish sidestream-derived protein hydrolysates (5% w/w) were exposed to the model of DSS-induced colitis. The results show that dietary supplements containing protein hydrolysates from salmon heads suppressed chemically-induced colitis development as determined by colon length and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. To evaluate colitis severity, we measured the expression of different pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and found that the same supplement suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNFα and the chemokines Cxcl1 and Ccl3. We also assessed the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and Tgfb and found that selected protein hydrolysates induced their expression. Our findings demonstrate that protein hydrolysates derived from fish sidestreams possess anti-inflammatory properties in the model of DSS-induced colitis, providing a novel underexplored source of health-promoting dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Daskalaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Axarlis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Tone Aspevik
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Nofima AS, 5141 Bergen, Norway; (T.A.); (K.K.)
| | - Michail Orfanakis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ourania Kolliniati
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Lapi
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Tzardi
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Katerina Kousoulaki
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Nofima AS, 5141 Bergen, Norway; (T.A.); (K.K.)
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.G.D.); (K.A.); (M.O.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
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Axarlis K, Daskalaki MG, Michailidou S, Androulaki N, Tsoureki A, Mouchtaropoulou E, Kolliniati O, Lapi I, Dermitzaki E, Venihaki M, Kousoulaki K, Argiriou A, Marsni ZE, Tsatsanis C. Diet Supplementation with Fish-Derived Extracts Suppresses Diabetes and Modulates Intestinal Microbiome in a Murine Model of Diet-Induced Obesity. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:268. [PMID: 34064922 PMCID: PMC8151984 DOI: 10.3390/md19050268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome-related diseases affect millions of people worldwide. It is well established that changes in nutritional habits and lifestyle can improve or prevent metabolic-related pathologies such as type-2 diabetes and obesity. Previous reports have shown that nutritional supplements have the capacity to limit glucose intolerance and suppress diabetes development. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with fish-derived extracts on obesity and type 2 diabetes and their impact on gut microbial composition. We showed that nutritional supplements containing Fish Complex (FC), Fish Complex combined with Cod Powder (FC + CP), or Cod Powder combined with Collagen (CP + C) improved glucose intolerance, independent of abdominal fat accumulation, in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes. In addition, collagen-containing supplements distinctly modulate the gut microbiome in high-fat induced obesity in mice. Our results suggest that fish-derived supplements suppress diet-induced type 2 diabetes, which may be partly mediated through changes in the gut microbiome. Thus, fish-derived supplements and particularly the ones containing fish collagen have potential beneficial properties as dietary supplements in managing type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome via modulation of the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Axarlis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.A.); (M.G.D.); (N.A.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria G. Daskalaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.A.); (M.G.D.); (N.A.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sofia Michailidou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), CERTH, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.M.); (A.T.); (E.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Nikolais Androulaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.A.); (M.G.D.); (N.A.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Antiopi Tsoureki
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), CERTH, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.M.); (A.T.); (E.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Evangelia Mouchtaropoulou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), CERTH, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.M.); (A.T.); (E.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Ourania Kolliniati
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.A.); (M.G.D.); (N.A.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Lapi
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.A.); (M.G.D.); (N.A.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.A.); (M.G.D.); (N.A.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.A.); (M.G.D.); (N.A.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Katerina Kousoulaki
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Nofima AS, 5141 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), CERTH, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.M.); (A.T.); (E.M.); (A.A.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | | | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.A.); (M.G.D.); (N.A.); (O.K.); (I.L.); (E.D.); (M.V.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
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Katrinaki M, Bobjer J, Dermitzaki E, Giwercman A, Tsatsanis C. Association of serum chemerin, leptin and adiponectin levels with male fertility and reproductive hormones. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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7
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Koundourakis NE, Androulakis N, Dermitzaki E, Venihaki M, Margioris AN. Effect of a 6-week supervised detraining period on bone metabolism markers and their association with ergometrics and components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in professional male soccer players. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:512-519. [PMID: 30187272 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-018-0947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a supervised 6-week detraining period on bone metabolism markers, and their association with ergometrics, and components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in elite male professional soccer players. Sixty-seven soccer players (mean age ± SD 23.4 ± 5.2 years) that were following a supervised training program participated in this study. Players were tested twice: immediately after the conclusion of the competition period, and following the detraining period, for the determination of bone-turnover rates, ergometrics, and components of the HPG-axis. The detraining period resulted in significant reduction in osteocalcin [OC] (p < 0.001), C-terminal propeptide of collagen type-I [CICP] (p = 0.002), and bone-alkaline-phosphatase [b-ALP] (p < 0.001) values, while C-terminal telopeptide [CTX] was increased (p < 0.001). No significant relationships were apparent between bone biomarkers and body weight, body-fat %, total testosterone, free testosterone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone in both experimental sessions (p > 0.05). Similarly, despite the deterioration in ergometrics after detraining (all p < 0.001), no significant correlations were evident (p > 0.05) between bone biomarkers and maximal oxygen consumption, squat jump, countermovement jump, and 20 m sprint performance, and also between % change of bone biomarkers and ergometrics, apart from a weak relationship (p = 0.041) between OC and VO2max of questionable value. Our results suggest that the 6-week soccer off-season detraining period in our study negatively affected bone physiology as reflected by the suppression of bone-formation rate and a parallel induction of bone resorption. The cause of this acute alteration of bone-turnover rates is not related to the examined components of the HPG-axis, although parallels is not associated with the changes in ergometrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos E Koundourakis
- Lab of Clinical Chemistry-Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Androulakis
- Department of Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Lab of Clinical Chemistry-Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Lab of Clinical Chemistry-Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Andrew N Margioris
- Lab of Clinical Chemistry-Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Kyriklaki A, Margetaki K, Kampouri M, Koutra K, Bitsios P, Chalkiadaki G, Dermitzaki E, Venihaki M, Sarri K, Anousaki D, Kogevinas M, Chatzi L. Association between high levels of inflammatory markers and cognitive outcomes at 4 years of age: The Rhea mother-child cohort study, Crete, Greece. Cytokine 2019; 117:1-7. [PMID: 30772773 PMCID: PMC8801160 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence associating inflammatory markers in complex, higher order neurological functions, such as cognition and memory. We examined whether high levels of various inflammatory markers are associated with cognitive outcomes at 4 years of age in a mother-child cohort in Crete, Greece (Rhea study). We included 642 children in this cross-sectional study. Levels of several inflammatory markers (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17α, IL-10, MIP-1α, TNF-α and the ratios of IL-6 to IL-10 and TNF-α to IL-10) were determined in child serum via immunoassay. Neurodevelopment at 4 years was assessed by means of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to estimate the associations between the exposures and outcomes of interest after adjustment for various confounders. Our results indicate that children with high TNF-α concentrations (≥90th percentile) in serum demonstrated decreased scores in memory (adjusted β = -4.0; 95% CI: -7.7, -0.2), working memory (adjusted β = -4.0; 95% CI: -8.0, -0.1) as well as in memory span scale (adjusted β = -4.0; 95% CI: -7.9, -0.1). We also found that children with high IFN-γ serum levels showed lower scores in memory span scale (adjusted β = -3.4; 95% CI: -7.3, -0.4). Children with elevated TNF-α/IL-10 ratio demonstrated decreased quantitative (adjusted β = -4.3; 95% CI: -8.2, -0.4), motor (adjusted β = -3.5; 95% CI: -7.5, -0.5), executive function (adjusted β = -4.8; 95% CI: -8.5, -1.1), general cognitive (adjusted β = -3.6; 95% CI: -7.3, -0.1), memory (adjusted β = -3.8; 95% CI: -7.6, -0), working memory (adjusted β = -3.5; 95% CI: -7.5, -0.5) and memory span scores (adjusted β = -5.3; 95% CI: -9.1, -1.4) The findings suggest that high levels of TNF-α may contribute to reduced memory performance at preschool age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriani Kyriklaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Katerina Margetaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Mariza Kampouri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Katerina Koutra
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Panos Bitsios
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgia Chalkiadaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Katerina Sarri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Despoina Anousaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
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Vafeiadi M, Myridakis A, Roumeliotaki T, Margetaki K, Chalkiadaki G, Dermitzaki E, Venihaki M, Sarri K, Vassilaki M, Leventakou V, Stephanou EG, Kogevinas M, Chatzi L. Association of Early Life Exposure to Phthalates With Obesity and Cardiometabolic Traits in Childhood: Sex Specific Associations. Front Public Health 2018; 6:327. [PMID: 30538977 PMCID: PMC6277685 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated longitudinal associations between early life phthalate exposure and subsequent obesity and cardiovascular risks in children with inconsistent results. We aimed to evaluate the associations between phthalate exposure during gestation and childhood with offspring obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in 500 mother-child pairs from the Rhea pregnancy cohort in Crete, Greece. Seven phthalate metabolites [monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP)] were quantified in spot urine samples collected from mothers (1st trimester) and their children at 4 years of age. We calculated the molar sum of DEHP metabolites (MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP). We measured child weight, height, waist circumference, skinfold thicknesses, blood pressure (BP), and lipids at 4 and 6 years and leptin, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein at 4 years. We used generalized estimating equations to examine associations at each age and tested for interaction by sex. Child exposure to phthalate metabolites was associated with lower BMI z-scores in boys and higher BMI z-scores in girls. Each 10-fold increase in ΣDEHP was associated with a change in waist circumference of −2.6 cm (95% CI: −4.72, −0.48) in boys vs. 2.14 cm (95% CI: −0.14, 4.43) in girls (p-sex interaction = 0.003) and a change in waist-to-height ratio of −0.01 (95% CI: −0.03, 0.01) in boys vs. 0.02 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.04) in girls (p-sex interaction = 0.006). Phthalate metabolite concentrations at age 4 were negatively associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. MEP was associated with lower systolic BP z-scores (adj. β = −0.22; 95% CI: −0.36, −0.08) at 4 years. MnBP and MBzP were associated with lower diastolic BP z-scores (adj. β = −0.13; 95%CI: −0.23, −0.04, and adj. β = −0.11; 95% CI: −0.21, −0.01, respectively). A 10-fold increase in MiBP was associated with 4.4% higher total cholesterol levels (95% CI: 0.2, 8.7). Prenatal phthalate exposure was not consistently associated with child adiposity and cardiometabolic measures. Our findings suggest that early life phthalate exposure may affect child growth and adiposity in a sex-specific manner and depends on the timing of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonis Myridakis
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Margetaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgia Chalkiadaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Sarri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Vasiliki Leventakou
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Euripides G Stephanou
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, MN, United States.,Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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10
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Dermitzaki E, Venihaki M, Tsatsanis C, Gravanis A, Avgoustinaki PD, Liapakis G, Margioris AN. The Multi-faceted Profile of Corticotropin-releasing Factor (CRF) Family of Neuropeptides and of their Receptors on the Paracrine/Local Regulation of the Inflammatory Response. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2018; 11:39-50. [DOI: 10.2174/1874467210666170109164430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Achille Gravanis
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | | | - George Liapakis
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Andrew N. Margioris
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
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11
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Yotsidi V, Kourmousi N, Dermitzaki E, Pezirkianidis C, Kounenou K. “Add Flow to the Fire”: Flow and Hope as a Shield against Burnout of Fire Service Workers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/psych.2018.96079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Dermitzaki E, Avgoustinaki PD, Spyridaki EC, Simos P, Malliaraki N, Venihaki M, Tsatsanis C, Margioris AN. Adiponectin levels may help assess the clinical repercussions of obesity irrespective of body mass index. Hormones (Athens) 2017; 16:271-281. [PMID: 29278513 DOI: 10.14310/horm.2002.1746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adiponectin is the major product of adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to associate adiponectin levels with adipose tissue and metabolic indices. DESIGN Plasma samples of 274 non-diabetic volunteers were collected to evaluate for adiponectin, inflammatory markers, insulin and lipid parameters. Body fat composition was measured by DEXA. RESULTS As expected, adiponectin levels correlated with body mass index (BMI) and gender but a wide scattering was evident. When the population was divided into two groups per median levels of adiponectin (11.94 μg/mL), adiponectin was correlated with various metabolic indices. Persons displaying relatively high adiponectin levels [17.7(CI:14.8-21.0]μg/mL; MEDIAN (25%-75%)] exhibited lower levels of inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, plasminogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate), circulating lipids and markers of insulin sensitivity (fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR) compared to those individuals displaying low-adiponectin levels [8.9(CI:6.9-10.6)μg/mL]. The percentage of high-adiponectin individuals decreased from 69.6% in the normal-BMI group to 36.5% in the obese-BMI group. Average adiponectin levels in the high-adiponectin normal-BMI group were significantly higher compared to the high-adiponectin obese-BMI group (p=0.014). Regarding body fat, only the individuals with high adiponectin levels in either the combined population or within the obese-BMI group displayed low levels of waist-to-hip ratio. Interestingly, high-adiponectin levels within the obese-BMI group were associated with higher legs fat than trunk fat as compared to the low-adiponectin obese-BMI group. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the distribution of adiponectin above or below a cutoff level may offer additional clinical information over and above that of BMI grouping regarding inflammatory profile, insulin-sensitivity and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Dermitzaki
- Dept of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Pavlina D Avgoustinaki
- Dept of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini C Spyridaki
- Dept of Clinical Chemistry, Dept of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Simos
- Dept of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Computational BioMedicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas; Greece
| | - Niki Malliaraki
- Dept of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Dept of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Dept of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Andrew N Margioris
- Dept of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Perng W, Oken E, Roumeliotaki T, Sood D, Siskos AP, Chalkiadaki G, Dermitzaki E, Vafeiadi M, Kyrtopoulos S, Kogevinas M, Keun HC, Chatzi L. Leptin, acylcarnitine metabolites and development of adiposity in the Rhea mother-child cohort in Crete, Greece. Obes Sci Pract 2016; 2:471-476. [PMID: 28090353 PMCID: PMC5192536 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate relations of serum leptin at age 4 with development of adiposity and linear growth during 3 years of follow-up among 75 Greek children and to identify serum metabolites associated with leptin at age 4 and to characterize their associations with adiposity gain and linear growth. METHODS Linear regression models that accounted for maternal age, education and gestational weight gain and child's age and sex were used to examine associations of leptin and leptin-associated metabolites measured at age 4 with indicators of adiposity and linear growth at age 7. RESULTS Each 1-unit increment in natural log-(ln)-transformed leptin corresponded with 0.33 (95% CI: 0.10, 0.55) units greater body mass index-for-age z-score gain during follow-up. Likewise, higher levels of the leptin-associated metabolites methylmalonyl-carnitine and glutaconyl-carnitine corresponded with 0.14 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.27) and 0.07 (95% CI: -0.01, 0.16) units higher body mass index-for-age z-score gain, respectively. These relationships did not differ by sex or baseline weight status and were independent of linear growth. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that leptin, methylmalonyl-carnitine and possibly glutaconyl-carnitine are associated with weight gain during early childhood. Future studies are warranted to confirm these findings in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Perng
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Michigan School of Public HealthAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - E. Oken
- Department of Population MedicineHarvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care InstituteBostonMAUSA
- Department of NutritionHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - T. Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - D. Sood
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - A. P. Siskos
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - G. Chalkiadaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - E. Dermitzaki
- Lab of Clinical Chemistry‐Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklionCreteGreece
| | - M. Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - S. Kyrtopoulos
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and BiotechnologyNational Hellenic Research FoundationAthensGreece
| | - M. Kogevinas
- Center for Environmental Research, CREALBarcelonaSpain
| | - H. C. Keun
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - L. Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklionGreece
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O'Callaghan-Gordo C, Kogevinas M, Fthenou E, Pedersen M, Espinosa A, Chalkiadaki G, Daraki V, Dermitzaki E, Decordier I, Georgiou V, Merlo DF, Roumeliotaki T, Vande Loock K, Kleinjans J, Kirsch-Volders M, Chatzi L. Vitamin D insufficient levels during pregnancy and micronuclei frequency in peripheral blood T lymphocytes mothers and newborns (Rhea cohort, Crete). Clin Nutr 2016; 36:1029-1035. [PMID: 27396287 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Vitamin D deficiency is common among pregnant women and may be associated with several adverse health outcomes including cancer. Micronuclei frequency is a biomarker of early genetic effects and has been used to examine the association between genotoxic exposures and cancer. We examined maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy in associations with micronuclei frequency in maternal blood and in cord blood. METHODS 173 mothers and 171 newborns born between 2007 and 2008 in Heraklion (Crete, Greece) were included in the study. Between 14th and 18th weeks of gestation we collected information on maternal diet using food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). We measured maternal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] between the first and second trimester of pregnancy. We estimated dietary vitamin D intake using information from FFQ. After delivery we collected cord blood and maternal peripheral blood. We used the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay to assess the frequencies of micronucleated cells in binucleated T lymphocytes (MNBN). RESULTS Maternal insufficient serum levels of 25(OH)D (<50 nmol/L) during pregnancy were associated with increased MNBN frequency in cord blood [IRR = 1.32 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.72)]. This increase was higher for newborns with birth weight above the third quartile [≥3.500 kg; IRR = 2.21 (1.26, 3.89)]. Similarly, low levels of dietary vitamin D were associated with increased MNBN frequency in cord blood [middle tertile IRR = 1.08 (0.78, 1.47), lower tertile IRR = 1.51 (1.06, 2.14)]. Insufficient levels of vitamin D were not associated with MNBN in mothers. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy increases genotoxic risks in newborns. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency globally is high and it is important to further investigate whether vitamin D supplementation or similar interventions during pregnancy could prevent DNA damage at early stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Doctor Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Doctor Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eleni Fthenou
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete GR-71003, Greece
| | - Marie Pedersen
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Doctor Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; INSERM (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), U823, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute Albert Bonniot, Rond-point de la Chantourne, 38706 La Tronche, Grenoble, France
| | - Ana Espinosa
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Doctor Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgia Chalkiadaki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete GR-71003, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Daraki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete GR-71003, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete GR-71003, Greece
| | - Ilse Decordier
- Laboratory of Cell Genetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Elsene, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vaggelis Georgiou
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete GR-71003, Greece
| | - Domenico Franco Merlo
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Clinical Trials, Instituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU) San Martino - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro (IST), Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete GR-71003, Greece
| | - Kim Vande Loock
- Laboratory of Cell Genetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Elsene, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jos Kleinjans
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Micheline Kirsch-Volders
- Laboratory of Cell Genetics, Faculty of Science and Bio-engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Elsene, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete GR-71003, Greece
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Papadimitriou DT, Dermitzaki E, Papagianni M, Papaioannou G, Papaevangelou V, Papadimitriou A. Anastrozole plus leuprorelin in early maturing girls with compromised growth: the "GAIL" study. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:439-46. [PMID: 26507391 PMCID: PMC4799269 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-015-0399-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aromatase inhibitors have been used to increase predicted adult height (PAH) in boys but in girls only in McCune-Albright syndrome. We investigated whether anastrozole combined with leuprorelin for up to 2 years is safe and effective in improving PAH in girls with early puberty and compromised growth, compared to leuprorelin alone. METHODS The "GAIL" study: girls treated with an aromatase inhibitor and an LHRH analogue, ISRCTN11469487, was a 7-year prospective phase IIa study with parallel design, performed at Athens Medical Center (C-A), and Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C-B). Forty girls, consecutively referred for early puberty (onset 7.5-9 years) with a PAH <-2 or >1.5 SD lower than their target height (TH), were included. Twenty started on leuprorelin sc/im 0.3 mg/kg/month plus anastrozole 1 mg/d p.o. (group-A, C-A) and 20 on leuprorelin (group-B, C-B) for 2 years or until the age of 10 years. Groups did not differ in age, height, BMI, bone age advancement (BAA), and distance of PAH from TH. Follow-up was at 6, 12, 18, and 24 m. RESULTS Reduction in BAA was significantly higher in group-A compared to group-B already by 6 m. Despite the transiently significant decrease in height velocity in group-A, gain in PAH SD was almost double by 12 and 18 m vs group-B and reached the maximum of +1.21 ± 0.45 (7.51 cm) vs +0.31 ± 0.37 (1.92 cm, p = 0.001) in group-B at 24 m. Group-A had no clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, unchanged normal bone density, and lumbar spine X-rays. CONCLUSION The co-administration of anastrozole with leuprorelin safely improves PAH in girls with compromised growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Papadimitriou
- Department of Pediatric-Endocrinology and Diabetes, Athens Medical Center, 58, av. Kifissias, Maroussi, 15125, Athens, Greece.
- Third Department of Pediatrics, "Attikon" University Hospital, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece.
| | - E Dermitzaki
- Third Department of Pediatrics, "Attikon" University Hospital, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - M Papagianni
- Third Department of Pediatrics, Hippokrateion General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - G Papaioannou
- Department of Radiology, Mitera Maternity and Children's Hospital, Maroussi, 15123, Athens, Greece
| | - V Papaevangelou
- Third Department of Pediatrics, "Attikon" University Hospital, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - A Papadimitriou
- Third Department of Pediatrics, "Attikon" University Hospital, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
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16
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Vafeiadi M, Roumeliotaki T, Myridakis A, Chalkiadaki G, Fthenou E, Dermitzaki E, Karachaliou M, Sarri K, Vassilaki M, Stephanou EG, Kogevinas M, Chatzi L. Association of early life exposure to bisphenol A with obesity and cardiometabolic traits in childhood. Environ Res 2016; 146:379-387. [PMID: 26821262 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical used extensively worldwide in the manufacture of plastic polymers. The environmental obesogen hypothesis suggests that early life exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals such as BPA may increase the risk for wt gain later in childhood but few prospective epidemiological studies have investigated this relationship. OBJECTIVES We examined the association of early life BPA exposure with offspring obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in 500 mother-child pairs from the RHEA pregnancy cohort in Crete, Greece. METHODS BPA concentrations were measured in spot urine samples collected at the 1st trimester of pregnancy) and from children at 2.5 and 4 years of age. We measured birth wt, body mass index (BMI) from 6 months to 4 years of age, waist circumference, skinfold thickness, blood pressure, serum lipids, C-reactive protein, and adipokines at 4 years of age. BMI growth trajectories from birth to 4 years were estimated by mixed effects models with fractional polynomials of age. Adjusted associations were obtained via multivariable regression analyses. RESULTS The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 9% at 2, 13% at 3% and 17% at 4 years of age. Geometric mean BPA concentrations were 1.2μg/g creatinine±7.9 in 1st trimester, 5.1μg/g±13.3 in 2.5 years and 1.9μg/g±4.9 in 4 years. After confounder adjustment, each 10-fold increase in BPA at 4 years was associated with a higher BMI z-score (adj. β=0.2; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.4), waist circumference (adj. β=1.2; 95% CI: 0.1, 2.2) and sum of skinfold thickness (adj. β=3.7mm; 95% CI: 0.7, 6.7) at 4 years. Prenatal BPA was negatively associated with BMI and adiposity measures in girls and positively in boys. We found no associations of early life exposure to BPA with other offspring cardiometabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal BPA exposure was not consistently associated with offspring growth and adiposity measures but higher early childhood BPA was associated with excess child adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonis Myridakis
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgia Chalkiadaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleni Fthenou
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Marianna Karachaliou
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Sarri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Euripides G Stephanou
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Tsatsanis C, Dermitzaki E, Avgoustinaki P, Malliaraki N, Mytaras V, Margioris AN. The impact of adipose tissue-derived factors on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Hormones (Athens) 2015; 14:549-62. [PMID: 26859602 DOI: 10.14310/horm.2002.1649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue produces factors, including adipokines, cytokines and chemokines which, when released, systemically exert endocrine effects on multiple tissues thereby affecting their physiology. Adipokines also affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis both centrally, at the hypothalamic-pituitary level, and peripherally acting on the gonads themselves. Among the adipokines, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, chemerin and the peptide kisspeptin have pleiotropic actions on the HPG axis affecting male and female fertility. Furthermore, adipokines and adipose tissue-produced factors readily affect the immune system resulting in inflammation, which in turn impact the HPG axis, thus evidencing a link between metabolic inflammation and fertility. In this review we provide an overview of the existing extensive bibliography on the crosstalk between adipose tissue-derived factors and the HPG axis, with particular focus on the impact of obesity and the metabolic syndrome on gonadal function and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tsatsanis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Pavlina Avgoustinaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Niki Malliaraki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Vasilis Mytaras
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Andrew N Margioris
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Barberaki M, Dermitzaki E, N. Margioris A, Theodosaki M, Grafakos S, Kintzios S. Protein Extracts from Somaclonal Mistletoe (Viscum Album L.) Callus with Increased Tumor Cytotoxic Activity in Vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2174/1573407211666150602215615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Karachaliou M, Georgiou V, Roumeliotaki T, Chalkiadaki G, Daraki V, Koinaki S, Dermitzaki E, Sarri K, Vassilaki M, Kogevinas M, Oken E, Chatzi L. Association of trimester-specific gestational weight gain with fetal growth, offspring obesity, and cardiometabolic traits in early childhood. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 212:502.e1-14. [PMID: 25557209 PMCID: PMC5081180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of trimester-specific gestational weight gain with offspring fetal growth, obesity risk, and cardiometabolic health outcomes from birth to 4 years of age. STUDY DESIGN We conducted the present study with 977 mother-child pairs of the pregnancy cohort "Rhea" study in Crete, Greece. We measured birthweight, body mass index from 6 months to 4 years of age, waist circumference, skinfold thickness, blood pressure, and blood levels of lipids, C-reactive protein, and adipose tissue hormones at 4 years of age. We used multiple linear and log Poisson regression models to examine the association of exposure with continuous or binary outcomes, respectively. RESULTS Greater rate of gestational weight gain in the first trimester of pregnancy (per 200 g/wk) was associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity from 2 years (relative risk [RR], 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.42) to 4 years of age (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.25), but not with birth size. Each 200 g/wk of weight gain in the first trimester of pregnancy was also associated with greater risk of high waist circumference (RR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04-1.23), high sum of skinfold thickness (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02-1.29), and higher diastolic blood pressure at 4 years of age (β, 0.43 mm Hg; 95% CI, 0.00-0.86). Greater rate of gestational weight gain during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy (per 200 g/wk) was associated with greater risk of large-for-gestational-age neonates (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02, 1.45) and higher levels of cord blood leptin (ratio of geometric means, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.00-1.17), but not with child anthropometry at later ages. CONCLUSION Timing of gestational weight gain may influence childhood cardiometabolic outcomes differentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Karachaliou
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.
| | - Vaggelis Georgiou
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgia Chalkiadaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Daraki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Stella Koinaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Katerina Sarri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece; Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Municipal Institute of Medical Research, and CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emily Oken
- Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
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Tsatsanis C, Bobjer J, Rastkhani H, Dermitzaki E, Katrinaki M, Margioris AN, Giwercman YL, Giwercman A. Serum miR-155 as a potential biomarker of male fertility. Hum Reprod 2015; 30:853-60. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Markaki A, Gkouskou K, Stylianou K, Dermitzaki E, Perakis K, Margioris A, Daphnis E. Relationship between adiposity, adipokines, inflammatory markers and lipid profile in hemodialysis patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:1496-1498. [PMID: 24899608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim is to study the correlations of leptin and adiponectin with inflammation markers, body composition and lipid profile in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Phase angle values and fat mass as calculated using BIA, Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS), leptin, adiponectin, IL-6, IL-8 triglycerides, cholesterol and other common serum markers' concentrations were analyzed using simple and multiple linear regression models in 47 hemodialysis patients. RESULTS In contrast to leptin, adiponectin is inversely correlated to BMI and fat mass in hemodialysis patients. Triglycerides were the only parameter that retained its statistical correlation significance with adiponectin in the multiple regression model. CONCLUSIONS Fat mass is of important consideration when calculating adipokines levels and their possible correlations with other variables. The inverse correlation of adiponectin with triglycerides levels should be further delineated due to the important role of vascular diseases in total mortality and morbidity of ESRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Markaki
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.
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Dermitzaki E, Tsatsanis C, Gravanis A, Margioris AN. The calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells signaling pathway mediates the effect of corticotropin releasing factor and urocortins on catecholamine synthesis. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:1861-72. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
A child with anterior uveitis as the sole manifestation of group A streptococcal infection is described. There was a history of a 'viral' upper respiratory tract infection 2 weeks before the onset of uveitis. A post-streptococcal phenomenon was diagnosed on the basis of serial ASO titre (ASOT) monitoring. There are few reports of patients with post-streptococcal uveitis. ASOT monitoring should be included in the work-up of uveitis of undetermined aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fretzayas
- Department of Pediatrics, Attikon University Hospital, Athens University School of Medicine, Greece.
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24
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Dermitzaki E, Staikou C, Petropoulos G, Rizos D, Siafaka I, Fassoulaki A. A randomized study of maternal serum cytokine levels following cesarean section under general or neuraxial anesthesia. Int J Obstet Anesth 2008; 18:33-7. [PMID: 19026531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2008] [Revised: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines are significant mediators of the immune response to surgery and also play a role in parturition. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of the anesthetic technique for cesarean section on plasma levels of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha. METHODS Thirty-five parturients scheduled for elective cesarean section were randomly assigned to general (n=18) or neuraxial (n=17) anesthesia. The general anesthesia group received thiopental 4 mg/kg, succinylcholine 1-1.5 mg/kg and 1% end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane in nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen. The neuraxial anesthesia group received intrathecal 0.5% levobupivacaine 1.8-2.2 mL and epidural fentanyl 1 microg/kg. Blood samples were taken for IL-6 and TNF-alpha immediately after positioning the parturient on the operating table, after uterine incision and before the umbilical cord clamping and 24h after surgery (T(1), T(2) and T(3) respectively). RESULTS The two groups did not differ in IL-6 (P=0.15) or TNF-alpha (P=0.73) serum concentrations at any time point. In the general and neuraxial anesthesia groups, IL-6 serum concentrations were significantly higher in the third blood sample, T(3) (12.2+/-5.0 and 15.2+/-4.3 pg/mL), than in T(1) (0.41+/-0.38 and 0.29+/-0.10 pg/mL) and T(2) (0.37+/-0.47 and 0.24+/-0.05) respectively (P<0.001). Within each group, serum TNF-alpha concentrations did not differ significantly over time (P=0.44). CONCLUSIONS Under the present study design anesthetic technique did not affect IL-6 or TNF-alpha concentrations in parturients undergoing elective cesarean section. Serum IL-6 levels increased 24 h postoperatively independently of anesthetic technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dermitzaki
- Department of Anesthesia, Aretaieio Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece
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Tsatsanis C, Dermitzaki E, Venihaki M, Chatzaki E, Minas V, Gravanis A, Margioris AN. The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family of peptides as local modulators of adrenal function. Cell Mol Life Sci 2007; 64:1638-55. [PMID: 17453142 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-007-6555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), also termed corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) or corticoliberin, is the major regulator of the adaptive response to internal or external stresses. An essential component of the adaptation mechanism is the adrenal gland. CRF regulates adrenal function indirectly through the central nervous system (CNS) via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and via the autonomic nervous system by way of locus coeruleus (LC) in the brain stem. Accumulating evidence suggests that CRF and its related peptides also affect the adrenals directly, i.e. not through the CNS but from within the adrenal gland where they form paracrine regulatory loops. Indeed, CRF and its related peptides, the urocortins (UCNs: UCN1, UCN2 and UCN3), their receptors CRF type 1 (CRF(1)) and 2 (CRF(2)) as well as the endogenous pseudo-receptor CRF-binding protein (CRF-BP) are all expressed in adrenal cortical, medullary chromaffin and resident immune cells. The intra-adrenal CRF-based regulatory system is complex and depends on the balance between the local concentration of CRF ligands and the availability of their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tsatsanis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry-Biochemistry, University of Crete School of Medicine, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Dermitzaki E, Tsatsanis C, Minas V, Chatzaki E, Charalampopoulos I, Venihaki M, Androulidaki A, Lambropoulou M, Spiess J, Michalodimitrakis E, Gravanis A, Margioris AN. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and the urocortins differentially regulate catecholamine secretion in human and rat adrenals, in a CRF receptor type-specific manner. Endocrinology 2007; 148:1524-38. [PMID: 17194738 DOI: 10.1210/en.2006-0967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) affects catecholamine production both centrally and peripherally. The aim of the present work was to examine the presence of CRF, its related peptides, and their receptors in the medulla of human and rat adrenals and their direct effect on catecholamine synthesis and secretion. CRF, urocortin I (UCN1), urocortin II (UCN2), and CRF receptor type 1 (CRF1) and 2 (CRF2) were present in human and rat adrenal medulla as well as the PC12 pheochromocytoma cells by immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR. Exposure of dispersed human and rat adrenal chromaffin cells to CRF1 receptor agonists induced catecholamine secretion in a dose-dependent manner, an effect peaking at 30 min, whereas CRF2 receptor agonists suppressed catecholamine secretion. The respective effects were blocked by CRF1 and CRF2 antagonists. CRF peptides affected catecholamine secretion via changes of subplasmaliminal actin filament polymerization. CRF peptides also affected catecholamine synthesis. In rat chromaffin and PC12 cells, CRF1 and CRF2 agonists induced catecholamine synthesis via tyrosine hydroxylase. However, in human chromaffin cells, activation of CRF1 receptors induced tyrosine hydroxylase, whereas activation of CRF2 suppressed it. In conclusion, it appears that a complex intraadrenal CRF-UCN/CRF-receptor system exists in both human and rat adrenals controlling catecholamine secretion and synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry-Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion GR-710 03, Crete, Greece
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Alexaki VI, Dermitzaki E, Charalampopoulos I, Kampa M, Nifli AP, Gravanis A, Margioris AN, Castanas E. Neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells abolishes the expression of membrane androgen receptors. Exp Cell Res 2006; 312:2745-56. [PMID: 16822503 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Revised: 04/01/2006] [Accepted: 04/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sex steroids affect adrenal chromaffin cell function. In the present work, we have examined the expression and functional significance of membrane androgen receptor sites in normal rat adrenal chromaffin cells and in the PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line which can differentiate to either a neuronal or to an epithelial phenotype and expresses membrane estrogen receptor sites. Our data are as follows: (a) no cytosolic androgen receptors were found in both normal chromaffin and PC12 cells; (b) both types of chromaffin cells expressed high affinity membrane testosterone binding sites; (c) activation of these sites increased cytosolic Ca(2+), decreased catecholamine secretion and induced apoptosis; (d) NGF-induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells resulted in the suppression of the number of membrane testosterone sites. In conclusion, our data provide evidence for the existence of specific membrane testosterone receptors on adrenal chromaffin cells via which androgens, (some of them originating in the cortex) modulate their function. Neuronal differentiation of chromaffin cells results in a significant attenuation of these effects, via suppression of the expression of membrane androgen receptors suggesting, that the latter are specific for epithelioid chromaffin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilia-Ismini Alexaki
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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Charalampopoulos I, Dermitzaki E, Vardouli L, Tsatsanis C, Stournaras C, Margioris AN, Gravanis A. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and allopregnanolone directly stimulate catecholamine production via induction of tyrosine hydroxylase and secretion by affecting actin polymerization. Endocrinology 2005; 146:3309-18. [PMID: 15860555 DOI: 10.1210/en.2005-0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adrenal cortical cells of zona reticularis produce the neuroactive steroids dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), its sulfate ester dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and allopregnanolone (ALLO). An interaction between zona reticularis and adrenal medulla has been postulated based on their close proximity and their interwoven borders. The aim of this paper was to examine in vitro the possible paracrine effects of these steroids on catecholamine production from adrenomedullary chromaffin cells, using an established in vitro model of chromaffin cells, the PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line. We have found the following: 1) DHEA, DHEAS, and ALLO increased acutely (peak effect between 10-30 min) and dose-dependently (EC50 in the nanomolar range) catecholamine levels (norepinephrine and dopamine). 2) It appears that the acute effect of these steroids involved actin depolymerization/actin filament disassembly, a fast-response cellular system regulating trafficking of catecholamine vesicles. Specifically, 10(-6) m phallacidin, an actin filament stabilizer, completely prevented steroid-induced catecholamine secretion. 3) DHEAS and ALLO, but not DHEA, also affected catecholamine synthesis. Indeed, DHEAS and ALLO increased catecholamine levels at 24 h, an effect blocked by L-2-methyl-3-(-4-hydroxyphenyl)alanine and 3-(hydrazinomethyl)phenol hydrochloride, inhibitors of tyrosine hydroxylase and L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, respectively, suggesting that this effect involved catecholamine synthesis. The latter hypothesis was confirmed by finding that DHEAS and ALLO increased both the mRNA and protein levels of tyrosine hydroxylase. In conclusion, our findings suggest that neuroactive steroids exert a direct tonic effect on adrenal catecholamine synthesis and secretion. These data associate the adrenomedullary malfunction observed in old age and neuroactive steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Charalampopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion GR-711 10, Crete, Greece
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Tsatsanis C, Alissafi T, Androulidaki A, Charalampopoulos I, Dermitzaki E, Gravanis A, Margioris AN. The Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF) family of neuropeptides via the CRHR2 receptors induces the expression of Toll Like Receptor-4 (TLR4) expression in macrophages through activation of the transcription factor PU.1. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-832913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dermitzaki E, Gravanis A, Venihaki M, Stournaras C, Margioris AN. Opioids suppress basal and nicotine-induced catecholamine secretion via a stabilizing effect on actin filaments. Endocrinology 2001; 142:2022-31. [PMID: 11316769 DOI: 10.1210/endo.142.5.8133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Catecholamine secretion and actin filament disassembly are closely coupled in chromaffin cells. Opioid suppression of catecholamine secretion is fast and transient, both characteristics of actin filament involvement. The aim of the present work was to test the hypothesis that opioids suppress catecholamine secretion via an inhibitory effect on actin filament disassembly. For this purpose we used the PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line. Norepinephrine and dopamine were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or RIA. Polymerized actin was measured by rhodamine-phalloidin and visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Opioids suppressed basal catecholamine secretion. The onset of this effect was fast and transient, peaking at 2 min, and was reversible by opioid antagonists. Synchronously, opioids suppressed actin filament disassembly; this was also reversible by opioid antagonists. Cytochalasin B prevented the inhibitory effect of opioids on catecholamine secretion. In addition, opioids suppressed the stimulatory effect of nicotine on catecholamine secretion and actin depolymerization. Changes in actin cytoskeleton in neuron-like PC12 cells make them resistant to both effects of opioids, i.e. on catecholamine secretion and actin disassembly. In conclusion, our data suggest that the suppressive effect of opioids on basal and nicotine-induced catecholamine secretion may result from an opioid-provoked stabilization of cortical actin. It also appears that basal catecholamine secretion is associated with opioid-sensitive machinery regulating the continuous formation of short-lived areas of cortical actin filament disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion GR-711 10, Crete, Greece
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31
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Zoumakis E, Margioris AN, Stournaras C, Dermitzaki E, Angelakis E, Makrigiannakis A, Koumantakis E, Gravanis A. Corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) interacts with inflammatory prostaglandins and interleukins and affects the decidualization of human endometrial stroma. Mol Hum Reprod 2000; 6:344-51. [PMID: 10729317 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/6.4.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamic neuropeptide, corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), which is also produced by human endometrium, has been shown to induce its decidualization in vitro. This process, induced mainly by progesterone, has characteristics of an aseptic inflammatory reaction, and is modulated by locally produced pro-inflammatory factors. In humans, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) enhances while interleukin (IL)-1 inhibits the decidualizing effect of progesterone. The aim of the present work was to test the hypothesis that CRH might affect the decidualization of human endometrium interacting with these factors. Therefore, we studied its effects on the production of pro-inflammatory interleukins IL-1, IL-6 and of PGE(2) from human endometrial stromal cells in primary culture. The results strongly suggest that CRH decidualizes stromal cells, as judged by the appearance of cytokeratins and the production of prolactin, two established markers of decidualization. In parallel to its effect on decidualization, CRH also decreased the production of PGE(2), while it increased the production of IL-1 and IL-6. Exposure of endometrial stromal cells to IL-6 also caused decidualization. The data presented here suggest that endometrial CRH regulates the production of local modulators of decidualization, i.e. PGE(2), IL-1 and IL-6. We postulate that, through the regulation of these factors, CRH acts as a local fine-tuner of decidualization initiated by progesterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zoumakis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71110 Greece
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Abstract
Opioids exert a proapoptotic effect on several normal and tumoral cells. The aim of the present article was to examine the effect of opioids on the PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line, a model for the study of chromaffin cell apoptosis. These cells produce delta- and kappa-opioid agonists and their receptors. Our results were as follows: The kappa- and delta2-opioid receptor agonists had a rapid but transient effect on apoptosis at 3 h, whereas mu opioids did not. The effect of opioids was reversible by the opioid antagonists naloxone and nor-binaltorphimine. The effect of opioids was protective, suppressing serum deprivation-induced apoptosis to approximately 50% of controls. The protective effect of opioids on PC12 apoptosis was measurable only under serum deprivation. The effect of opioids was remarkably reproducible and highly constant in timing, which did not appear to depend on the duration of the preceding serum deprivation. Finally, opioids prevented the elevation of the Bcl-2 and Bak proteins following serum deprivation to the levels attained by serum supplementation. Our combined data suggest that opioids protect PC12 cells from entering a state of induced apoptosis following serum deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dermitzaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
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Abstract
KAT45 cells were derived from a human pheochromocytoma, which also caused ectopic Cushing's syndrome, and developed into a cell line spontaneously after the continuous primary culture of the tumor cells. These human pheochromocytoma cells were compared with the extensively characterized PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line. KAT45 cells resembled PC12 cells in morphology, proliferation rate, response to cholinergic stimuli, and the development of dendrite-like projections after exposure to nerve growth factor. They produced norepinephrine and epinephrine in a ratio of 50:1, as opposed to production of dopamine by PC12 cells, in amounts 1 order of magnitude higher compared with PC12. Because of the ectopic Cushing's syndrome in our patient, her normal ACTH level, and the knowledge that PC12 cells and even normal rat chromaffin cells appear to produce CRH, we examined whether KAT45 cells also produced this neuropeptide. Indeed, KAT45 cells released authentic CRH and contained an apparently intact CRH transcript. Nicotine and KCl depolarization stimulated the secretion of CRH, whereas interleukin-1beta, glucocorticoids, and nerve growth factor stimulated its synthesis. In addition to the potential systemic effects of CRH, which in our patient produced ectopic Cushing's syndrome, CRH can exert paracrine effects within normal or tumoral adrenals. We used KAT45 cells as a model for the study of the local role of CRH. CRH affected several parameters of KAT45 cell metabolism, including their proliferation rate, synthesis of catecholamines, and production of POMC-derived peptides. KAT45 cells, in addition to the data they provided regarding the in vitro profile of a human CRH-producing pheochromocytoma, may prove to be a valuable auxiliary to the PC12 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Venihaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece
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