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Minj J, Riordan J, Teets C, Fernholz-Hartman H, Tanggono A, Lee Y, Chauvin T, Carbonero F, Solverson P. Diet-Induced Rodent Obesity Is Prevented and the Fecal Microbiome Is Improved with Elderberry ( Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis) Juice Powder. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12555-12565. [PMID: 38776153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanin-rich edible berries protect against diet-induced obesity in animal models. Prevention is mediated through the bidirectional relationship with the fecal microbiome, and gut-derived phenolic metabolite absorption increases with physical activity, which may influence bioactivity. The objective of this study was to test elderberry juice powder on the development of diet-induced obesity and its influence on the fecal microbiome alone or in combination with physical activity. Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to one of four treatments, including (1) high-fat diet without wheel access; (2) high-fat diet with unlimited wheel access; (3) high-fat diet supplemented with 10% elderberry juice powder without wheel access; and (4) high-fat diet supplemented with 10% elderberry juice powder with unlimited wheel access. Body weight gain, fat pads, and whole-body fat content in mice fed elderberry juice were significantly less than in mice fed the control diet independent of wheel access. At the end of the study, active mice fed elderberry juice ate significantly more than active mice fed a control diet. There was no difference in the physical activity between active groups. Elderberry juice increasedBifidobacterium, promotedAkkermansia and Anaeroplasma, and prevented the growth of Desulfovibrio. Elderberry juice is a potent inhibitor of diet-induced obesity with action mediated by the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagrani Minj
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Joseph Riordan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Christy Teets
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Hadyn Fernholz-Hartman
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Alfian Tanggono
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Yool Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Theodore Chauvin
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Franck Carbonero
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Patrick Solverson
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang L, Zhao X, Xu Y, Wang P, Liang X, Xue M, Liang H. Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation during Pregnancy Prevents Hepatic Steatosis in Male Offspring of Rat Dams Fed High-Fat Diet, Which Is Associated with the Regulation of Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:4726. [PMID: 38004120 PMCID: PMC10675082 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy have been demonstrated to impact the structure of the gut microbiota in offspring, altering their susceptibility to diseases. This study is designed to elucidate whether the impact of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy on hepatic steatosis in male offspring of rat dams exposed to a high-fat diet (HFD) is related to gut-liver axis homeostasis. In this study, female rats were administered a HFD and simultaneously supplemented with 5 mg/kg folic acid throughout their pregnancy. Histopathological examination showed that folic acid supplementation effectively ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammatory infiltrate in male offspring subjected to a maternal HFD. Maternal folic acid supplementation reduced the abundance of Desulfobacterota and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio in male offspring. The expression of tight junction proteins in the colon was significantly upregulated, and the serum LPS level was significantly reduced. Furthermore, there was a notable reduction in the hepatic expression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and subsequent inflammatory mediators. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed significant associations between hepatic inflammation-related indices and several gut microbiota, particularly Desulfobacterota and Lactobacillus. With a reduction in hepatic inflammation, the expression of PPAR-α was upregulated, and the expression of SREBP-1c and its downstream lipid metabolism-related genes was downregulated. In summary, folic acid supplementation during pregnancy modulates gut microbiota and enhances intestinal barrier integrity in male offspring of HFD dams. This helps reduce the LPS leakage and suppress the expression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway in the liver, thereby improving lipid metabolism disorders, and alleviating hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xuenuo Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xi Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Meilan Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (X.L.)
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3
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Liu Y, Wang Q, Wu K, Sun Z, Tang Z, Li X, Zhang B. Anthocyanins' effects on diabetes mellitus and islet transplantation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12102-12125. [PMID: 35822311 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes mellitus is dramatically increasing every year, causing a huge global burden. Moreover, existing anti-diabetic drugs inevitably bring adverse reactions, and the application of islet transplantation is often limited by the damage caused by oxidative stress after transplantation. Thus, new approaches are needed to combat the growing burden of diabetes mellitus. Anthocyanins are of great nutritional interest and have been documented that have beneficial effects on chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus. Here, we describe the health effects of anthocyanins on diabetes mellitus and islet transplantation. Epidemiological studies demonstrated that moderate intake of anthocyanins leading to a reduction in risk of diabetes mellitus. Numerous experiments both animal and clinical studies also showed positive effects of anthocyanins on prevention and treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications. These effects of anthocyanins may be related to mechanisms of improving glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. In addition, damage and function of pancreatic islets after transplantation are also improved by anthocyanins. These findings suggest that daily intake of anthocyanins may not only improve nutritional metabolism in healthy individuals to prevent from diabetes, but also as a supplementary treatment of diabetes mellitus and islet transplantation. Thus, more evidence is needed to better understand the potential health benefits of anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Kangze Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhouyi Sun
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Zhe Tang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Xian Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Ejaz A, Waliat S, Afzaal M, Saeed F, Ahmad A, Din A, Ateeq H, Asghar A, Shah YA, Rafi A, Khan MR. Biological activities, therapeutic potential, and pharmacological aspects of blackcurrants ( Ribes nigrum L): A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5799-5817. [PMID: 37823094 PMCID: PMC10563683 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Blackcurrant possesses various health-endorsing attributes owing to its polyphenol profile. Recent studies have demonstrated its therapeutic potential against various health disorders. Various bioactives present in blackcurrants have different functional and pharmacological aspects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. The most dominant and important bioactive include anthocyanins, flavonols, phenolic acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Food formats derived from blackcurrants comprise pomace, juice, powder, and extracts. All these food formats have industrial, prebiotic, and pharmacological benefits. In the current article, the nutritional composition, industrial applications, and therapeutic potential are discussed in the recent literature. Moreover, novel extraction techniques for the extraction of bioactive compounds present in blackcurrants and their safety concerns have been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf Ejaz
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Sadaf Waliat
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Food and NutritionGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ahmad Din
- National Institute of Food Science & TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Huda Ateeq
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Asma Asghar
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ahmad Rafi
- National Institute of Food Science & TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Mahbubur Rahman Khan
- Department of Food Processing and PreservationHajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology UniversityDinajpurBangladesh
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Yu Q, Yu F, Li Q, Zhang J, Peng Y, Wang X, Li T, Yin N, Sun G, Ouyang H, Chen Y, Mine Y, Tsao R, Zhang H. Anthocyanin-Rich Butterfly Pea Flower Extract Ameliorating Low-Grade Inflammation in a High-Fat-Diet and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mouse Model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:11941-11956. [PMID: 37526116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the enhancive effects of butterfly pea flower (BF) extracts on metabolic and immune homeostasis in a low-grade inflammation mouse model. The BF extract was found to contain mainly anthocyanins among other flavonoids. BF supplementation alleviated metabolic endotoxemia by lowering the plasma glucose, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels and restored lipid metabolism and the balance between Treg and Th17 cells, thereby inhibiting the dysfunctional liver and abdominal white adipose tissues. BF extract increased the tight junction protein expression and reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, therefore sustaining the colonic mucosa structure. Furthermore, BF extracts reshaped the gut microbiota structure characterized by significantly promoted SCFA-producing gut microbiota such as Akkermansia and Butyricicoccaceae. Additionally, BF extracts enhanced fecal primary bile acid (BA) levels and modulated bile acid signaling in the liver and ileum to facilitate BA synthesis for the restoration of lipid metabolism. In summary, anthocyanin-enriched BF extracts alleviated the profound negative dietary alterations and helped maintain the metabolic health by modulating the various aspects of the gut microenvironment and enhancing hepatic bile acid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Yu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Fengyao Yu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - You Peng
- Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Ecological Chemical Industry, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ning Yin
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Genlin Sun
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yuhuan Chen
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yoshinori Mine
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Rong Tsao
- Guelph Food Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
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Shu C, Wu S, Li H, Tian J. Health benefits of anthocyanin-containing foods, beverages, and supplements have unpredictable relation to gastrointestinal microbiota: A systematic review and meta-analysis of random clinical trials. Nutr Res 2023; 116:48-59. [PMID: 37336096 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a type of natural pigment that has numerous health benefits. In recent years, the interaction of anthocyanins with gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota has been presented as a viable paradigm for explaining anthocyanin activities. The current study performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the potential modulation of GI microbiota by anthocyanins in human health improvement. Clinical trials were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Knowledge, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and ClinicalTrials.gov with no language restrictions. Eight clinical trials (252 participants) were selected from the 1121 identified studies and the relative phylum abundance extracted from the trials was analyzed using a random-effects model. Based on the analysis, anthocyanins had no effect on the relative abundance of Firmicutes (standard mean difference [SMD]: -0.46 [-1.25 to 0.34], P = .26), Proteobacteria (SMD, -0.32 [-0.73 to 0.09], P = .13), nor Actinobacteria (SMD, -0.19 [-0.50 to 0.12], P = 0.24), but influenced the abundance of Bacteroidetes (SMD, 0.84 [0.17 to 1.52], P = .01) when compared with placebo/control. No significant influence on the relative abundance was detected when the data were analyzed following the "posttreatment vs. pretreatment" strategy. Our preliminary analysis revealed that the effects of anthocyanins on human GI microbiota vary between studies and individuals, and at the current stage, the clinical trials regarding the effects of anthocyanin interventions on human GI microbiota are lacking. More trials with larger sample sizes are needed to promote the clinical application of anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Shu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China, 100866.
| | - Siyu Wu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China, 100866
| | - Haikun Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China, 100866
| | - Jinlong Tian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China, 100866
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Zhang W, Dong X, Huang R. Antiparkinsonian Effects of Polyphenols: A Narrative Review with a Focus on the Modulation of the Gut-brain Axis. Pharmacol Res 2023:106787. [PMID: 37224894 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols, which are naturally occurring bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables, are emerging as potential therapeutics for neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Polyphenols have diverse biological activities, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and α-synuclein aggregation inhibitory effects, which could ameliorate PD pathogenesis. Studies have shown that polyphenols are capable of regulating the gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites; in turn, polyphenols are extensively metabolized by the GM, resulting in the generation of bioactive secondary metabolites. These metabolites may regulate various physiological processes, including inflammatory responses, energy metabolism, intercellular communication, and host immunity. With increasing recognition of the importance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) in PD etiology, polyphenols have attracted growing attention as MGBA regulators. In order to address the potential therapeutic role of polyphenolic compounds in PD, we focused on MGBA. DATA AVAILABILITY: Data will be made available on request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR, China.
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Mahboob A, Samuel SM, Mohamed A, Wani MY, Ghorbel S, Miled N, Büsselberg D, Chaari A. Role of flavonoids in controlling obesity: molecular targets and mechanisms. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1177897. [PMID: 37252233 PMCID: PMC10213274 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1177897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity presents a major health challenge that increases the risk of several non-communicable illnesses, such as but not limited to diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders, sleep disorders, and cancers. Accounting for nearly 8% of global deaths (4.7 million) in 2017, obesity leads to diminishing quality of life and a higher premature mortality rate among affected individuals. Although essentially dubbed as a modifiable and preventable health concern, prevention, and treatment strategies against obesity, such as calorie intake restriction and increasing calorie burning, have gained little long-term success. In this manuscript, we detail the pathophysiology of obesity as a multifactorial, oxidative stress-dependent inflammatory disease. Current anti-obesity treatment strategies, and the effect of flavonoid-based therapeutic interventions on digestion and absorption, macronutrient metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress and gut microbiota has been evaluated. The use of several naturally occurring flavonoids to prevent and treat obesity with a long-term efficacy, is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anns Mahboob
- Department of Pre-medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arif Mohamed
- College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sofiane Ghorbel
- Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil Miled
- College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali Chaari
- Department of Pre-medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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Rust BM, Riordan JO, Carbonero FG, Solverson PM. One-Week Elderberry Juice Treatment Increases Carbohydrate Oxidation after a Meal Tolerance Test and Is Well Tolerated in Adults: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2072. [PMID: 37432227 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity in the United States continues to worsen. Anthocyanin-rich fruits and vegetables provide a pragmatic dietary approach to slow its metabolic complications. Given American diet patterns, foods with high anthocyanin content could address dose-response challenges. The study objective was to determine the effect of 100% elderberry juice on measures of indirect calorimetry (IC) and insulin sensitivity/glucose tolerance in a placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover pilot study. Overweight and obese adults were randomized to a 5-week study which included 2 1-week periods of twice-daily elderberry juice (EBJ) or sugar-matched placebo consumption separated by a 3-week washout period. Following each 1-week test period, IC and insulin sensitivity/glucose tolerance was measured with a 3 h meal tolerance test (MTT). Treatment differences were tested with linear mixed modeling. A total of 22 prospective study volunteers (18 F/4 M) attended recruitment meetings, and 9 were analyzed for treatment differences. EBJ was well tolerated and compliance was 99.6%. A total of 6 IC measures (intervals) were created, which coincided with 10-20 min gaseous samplings in-between MTT blood samplings. Average CHO oxidation was significantly higher during the MTT after 1-week EBJ consumption (3.38 vs. 2.88 g per interval, EBJ vs. placebo, p = 0.0113). Conversely, average fat oxidation was significantly higher during the MTT after 1-week placebo consumption (1.17 vs. 1.47 g per interval, EBJ vs. placebo, p = 0.0189). This was in-line with a significantly lower average respiratory quotient after placebo treatment (0.87 vs. 0.84, EBJ vs. placebo, p = 0.0114). Energy expenditure was not different. There was no difference in serum glucose or insulin response between treatments. This pilot study of free-living volunteers describes significant change in IC but not insulin sensitivity with an EBJ intervention. Controlled feeding and increased sample size will help determine the utility of EBJ on these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret M Rust
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Joseph O Riordan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Franck G Carbonero
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Patrick M Solverson
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
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10
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Santamarina AB, Calder PC, Estadella D, Pisani LP. Anthocyanins ameliorate obesity-associated metainflammation: Preclinical and clinical evidence. Nutr Res 2023; 114:50-70. [PMID: 37201432 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The growing rates of obesity worldwide call for intervention strategies to help control the pathophysiological consequences of weight gain. The use of natural foods and bioactive compounds has been suggested as such a strategy because of their recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. For example, polyphenols, especially anthocyanins, are candidates for managing obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Obesity is well known for the presence of metainflammation, which has been labeled as an inflammatory activation that leads to a variety of metabolic disorders, usually related to increased oxidative stress. Considering this, anthocyanins may be promising natural compounds able to modulate several intracellular mechanisms, mitigating oxidative stress and metainflammation. A wide variety of foods and extracts rich in anthocyanins have become the focus of research in the field of obesity. Here, we bring together the current knowledge regarding the use of anthocyanins as an intervention tested in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials to modulate metainflammation. Most recent research applies a wide variety of extracts and natural sources of anthocyanins, in diverse experimental models, which represents a limitation of the research field. However, the literature is sufficiently consistent to establish that the in-depth molecular analysis of gut microbiota, insulin signaling, TLR4-triggered inflammation, and oxidative stress pathways reveals their modulation by anthocyanins. These targets are interconnected at the cellular level and interact with one another, leading to obesity-associated metainflammation. Thus, the positive findings with anthocyanins observed in preclinical models might directly relate to the positive outcomes in clinical studies. In summary and based on the entirety of the relevant literature, anthocyanins can mitigate obesity-related perturbations in gut microbiota, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation and therefore may contribute as a therapeutic tool in people living with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline B Santamarina
- Biosciences Department, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista - UNIFESP, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Debora Estadella
- Biosciences Department, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista - UNIFESP, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Pisani
- Biosciences Department, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista - UNIFESP, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Blackcurrant Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis in Mice. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051073. [PMID: 36900589 PMCID: PMC10000425 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that anthocyanin (ACN)-rich materials have beneficial effects on ulcerative colitis (UC). Blackcurrant (BC) has been known as one of the foods rich in ACN, while studies demonstrating its effect on UC are rare. This study attempted to investigate the protective effects of whole BC in mice with colitis using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Mice were orally given whole BC powder at a dose of 150 mg daily for four weeks, and colitis was induced by drinking 3% DSS for six days. Whole BC relieved symptoms of colitis and pathological changes in the colon. The overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in serum and colon tissues was also reduced by whole BC. In addition, whole BC significantly lowered the levels of mRNA and protein of downstream targets in the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, BC administration increased the expression of genes related to barrier function: ZO-1, occludin, and mucin. Moreover, the whole BC modulated the relative abundance of gut microbiota altered with DSS. Therefore, the whole BC has demonstrated the potential to prevent colitis through attenuation of the inflammatory response and regulation of the gut microbial composition.
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12
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Xie Z, Yao M, Castro-Mejía JL, Ma M, Zhu Y, Fu X, Huang Q, Zhang B. Propionylated high-amylose maize starch alleviates obesity by modulating gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
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13
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Komarnytsky S, Wagner C, Gutierrez J, Shaw OM. Berries in Microbiome-Mediated Gastrointestinal, Metabolic, and Immune Health. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:151-166. [PMID: 36738429 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Current research has shown that berry-derived polymeric substrates that resist human digestion (dietary fibers and polyphenols) are extensively metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract dominated by microbiota. This review assesses current epidemiological, experimental, and clinical evidence of how berry (strawberry, blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, cranberry, black currant, and grapes) phytochemicals interact with the microbiome and shape health or metabolic risk factor outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS There is a growing evidence that the compositional differences among complex carbohydrate fractions and classes of polyphenols define reversible shifts in microbial populations and human metabolome to promote gastrointestinal health. Interventions to prevent gastrointestinal inflammation and improve metabolic outcomes may be achieved with selection of berries that provide distinct polysaccharide substrates for selective multiplication of beneficial microbiota or oligomeric decoys for binding and elimination of the pathogens, as well as phenolic substrates that hold potential to modulate gastrointestinal mucins, reduce luminal oxygen, and release small phenolic metabolites signatures capable of ameliorating inflammatory and metabolic perturbations. These mechanisms may explain many of the differences in microbiota and host gastrointestinal responses associated with increased consumption of berries, and highlight potential opportunities to intentionally shift gut microbiome profiles or to modulate risk factors associated with better nutrition and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| | - Charles Wagner
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Janelle Gutierrez
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Odette M Shaw
- Plant & Food Research, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
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14
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Effect of anthocyanins on gut health markers, Firmicutes-Bacteroidetes ratio and short-chain fatty acids: a systematic review via meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1729. [PMID: 36720989 PMCID: PMC9889808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28764-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers discovered that diets rich in anthocyanin-rich fruits and vegetables significantly impacted gut flora. To conclude, large-scale randomized controlled clinical trials are challenging to conduct; therefore, merging data from multiple small studies may aid. A systematic review collects and analyses all research on a particular subject and design. This comprehensive review and meta-analysis examined the influence of dietary anthocyanins on Firmicutes/Bacteroide (Fir/Bac) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content. The current meta-analysis followed the guidelines of PRISMA-the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Diets high in anthocyanins substantially reduced the Fir/Bac ratio in the assessed trials. Among three SCFAs, the highest impact was observed on acetic acid, followed by propionic acid, and then butanoic acid. The meta-analysis results also obtained sufficient heterogeneity, as indicated by I2 values. There is strong evidence that anthocyanin supplementation improves rodent gut health biomarkers (Fir/Bac and SCFAs), reducing obesity-induced gut dysbiosis, as revealed in this systematic review/meta-analysis. Anthocyanin intervention duration and dosage significantly influenced the Fir/Bac ratio and SCFA. Anthocyanin-rich diets were more effective when consumed over an extended period and at a high dosage.
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15
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Wu H, Oliveira G, Lila MA. Protein-binding approaches for improving bioaccessibility and bioavailability of anthocyanins. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:333-354. [PMID: 36398759 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Color is an important characteristic of food. Over the last 15 years, more attention has been paid to natural colorants because of the rising demand for clean-label food products. Anthocyanins, which are a group of phytochemicals responsible for the purple, blue or red hues of many plants, offer a market advantage. In addition, anthocyanin-rich foods are associated with protection against cardiovascular disease, thrombosis, diabetes, cancer, microbial-based disorders, neurological disorders, and vision ailments. However, the real health value of anthocyanins, whether as a natural colorant or a functional ingredient, is dependent on the ultimate bioaccessibility and bioavailability in the human body. Many animal and human clinical studies revealed that, after intake of anthocyanin-rich foods or anthocyanin extracts, only trace amounts (< 1% of ingested content) of anthocyanins or their predicted metabolites were detected in plasma after a standard blood draw, which was indicative of low bioavailability of anthocyanins. Protein binding to anthocyanins is a strategy that has recently been reported to enhance the ultimate bioactivity, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability of anthocyanins as compared to anthocyanins delivered without a protein carrier. Therefore, in this review, we address anthocyanin properties in food processing and digestion, anthocyanin-protein complexes used in food matrices, and changes in the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of anthocyanins when bound into anthocyanin-protein complexes in foods. Finally, we summarize the challenges and prospects of this delivery system for anthocyanin pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhou Wu
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering-Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gabriel Oliveira
- Department of Food Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
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16
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Xue B, Hui X, Chen X, Luo S, Dilrukshi H, Wu G, Chen C. Application, emerging health benefits, and dosage effects of blackcurrant food formats. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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17
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Yue C, Chu C, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Zhai Q. Dietary strategies to promote the abundance of intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila, a focus on the effect of plant extracts. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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18
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Li N, Liu X, Zhang J, Lang YZ, Lu L, Mi J, Cao YL, Yan YM, Ran LW. Preventive Effects of Anthocyanins from Lyciumruthenicum Murray in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice Are Related to the Regulation of Intestinal Microbiota and Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072141. [PMID: 35408540 PMCID: PMC9000451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lyciumruthenicum Murray (L. ruthenicum) has been used both as traditional Chinese medicine and food. Recent studies indicated that anthocyanins are the most abundant bioactive compounds in the L. ruthenicum fruits. The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effects and the mechanism of the anthocycanins from the fruit of L. ruthenicum (ACN) in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. In total, 24 male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: control group (fed a normal diet), high-fat diet group (fed a high-fat diet, HFD), and HFD +ACN group (fed a high-fat diet and drinking distilled water that contained 0.8% crude extract of ACN). The results showed that ACN could significantly reduce the body weight, inhibit lipid accumulation in liver and white adipose tissue, and lower the serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to that of mice fed a high-fat diet. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of bacterial DNA demonstrated that ACN prevent obesity by enhancing the diversity of cecal bacterial communities, lowering the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio, increasing the genera Akkermansia, and decreasing the genera Faecalibaculum. We also studied the inhibitory effect of ACN on pancreatic lipase. The results showed that ACN has a high affinity for pancreatic lipase and inhibits the activity of pancreatic lipase, with IC50 values of 1.80 (main compound anthocyanin) and 3.03 mg/mL (crude extract), in a competitive way. Furthermore, fluorescence spectroscopy studies showed that ACN can quench the intrinsic fluorescence of pancreatic lipase via a static mechanism. Taken together, these findings suggest that the anthocyanins from L. ruthenicum fruits could have preventive effects in high-fat-diet induced obese mice by regulating the intestinal microbiota and inhibiting the pancreatic lipase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Yan-Zhi Lang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Lu Lu
- Goji Berry Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (L.L.); (J.M.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Jia Mi
- Goji Berry Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (L.L.); (J.M.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - You-Long Cao
- Goji Berry Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (L.L.); (J.M.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Ya-Mei Yan
- Goji Berry Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (L.L.); (J.M.); (Y.-L.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.Y.); (L.-W.R.); Tel.: +86-0951-688-6783 (Y.-M.Y.); +86-0951-698-0195 (L.-W.R.)
| | - Lin-Wu Ran
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.Y.); (L.-W.R.); Tel.: +86-0951-688-6783 (Y.-M.Y.); +86-0951-698-0195 (L.-W.R.)
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19
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Li J, Jia S, Yuan C, Yu B, Zhang Z, Zhao M, Liu P, Li X, Cui B. Jerusalem artichoke inulin supplementation ameliorates hepatic lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice by modulating the gut microbiota and fecal metabolome. Food Funct 2022; 13:11503-11517. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02051c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The main focus of this study was on the protection mechanism of Jerusalem artichoke inulin (DI) against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated with abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysfunction in T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Siqiang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
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20
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Wang C, Gao Z, Qian Y, Li X, Wang J, Ma J, Guo J, Fu F. Effects of Different Concentrations of Ganpu Tea on Fecal Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:3715. [PMID: 34835972 PMCID: PMC8618378 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganpu tea is composed of tangerine peel and Pu-erh tea. Current research suggests that both products can interact with gut microbes and thus affect health. However, as a kind of compound health food, little information is available about the effect of Ganpu tea on intestinal microorganisms. In this study, the basic physiological parameters (body weight, white adipose tissue and serum fat), the regulation of intestinal microorganisms and content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of healthy mice were studied. The Ganpu tea can reduce the weight gain of mice and the increase in white adipose tissue (p < 0.01). After the intake of Ganpu tea, the abundance of Bacteroidetes increased (p < 0.05), whereas that of Firmicutes decreased (p < 0.01), indicating the latent capacity of Ganpu tea in adjusting the gut microbiota. Moreover, Ganpu tea differentially affected the content of different types of SCFAs in feces. Ganpu tea at the lowest concentrations showed positive effects on the concentrations of SCFAs such as acetic acid and propionic acid, whereas the concentration of butyric acid was decreased. For branched short-chain fatty acids (BSCFAs) such as isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, etc., Ganpu tea reduced their concentrations. Our results indicated that Ganpu tea may have positive effects on preventing obesity in humans, but further research is needed before introducing such dietary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (C.W.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
- International Joint Lab on Fruits &Vegetables Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Key Lab of Fruits &Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Academy of Sciences, Hunan Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Zhipeng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Yujiao Qian
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (C.W.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (C.W.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jieyi Wang
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (C.W.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Jiajing Guo
- International Joint Lab on Fruits &Vegetables Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Key Lab of Fruits &Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Academy of Sciences, Hunan Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Fuhua Fu
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (C.W.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.); (J.W.)
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21
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Yang HJ, Zhang T, Wu XG, Kim MJ, Kim YH, Yang ES, Yoon YS, Park S. Aqueous Blackcurrant Extract Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion and Modulates the Gut Microbiome in Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050756. [PMID: 34068659 PMCID: PMC8150986 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine whether aqueous blackcurrant extracts (BC) improve glucose metabolism and gut microbiomes in non-obese type 2 diabetic animals fed a high-fat diet and to identify the mechanism involved. Partially pancreatectomized male Sprague–Dawley rats were provided a high-fat diet containing 0% (control), 0.2% (L-BC; low dosage), 0.6% (M-BC; medium dosage), and 1.8% (H-BC; high dosage) blackcurrant extracts; 0.2% metformin (positive-C); plus 1.8%, 1.6%, 1.2%, 0%, and 1.6% dextrin, specifically indigestible dextrin, daily for 8 weeks. Daily blackcurrant extract intakes were equivalent to 100, 300, and 900 mg/kg body weight (bw). After a 2 g glucose or maltose/kg bw challenge, serum glucose and insulin concentrations during peak and final states were obviously lower in the M-BC and H-BC groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). Intraperitoneal insulin tolerance testing showed that M-BC and H-BC improved insulin resistance. Hepatic triglyceride deposition, TNF-α expression, and malondialdehyde contents were lower in the M-BC and H-BC groups than in the control group. Improvements in insulin resistance in the M-BC and H-BC groups were associated with reduced inflammation and oxidative stress (p < 0.05). Hyperglycemic clamp testing showed that insulin secretion capacity increased in the acute phase (2 to 10 min) in the M-BC and H-BC groups and that insulin sensitivity in the hyperglycemic state was greater in these groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). Pancreatic β-cell mass was greater in the M-BC, H-BC, and positive-C groups than in the control group. Furthermore, β-cell proliferation appeared to be elevated and apoptosis was suppressed in these three groups (p < 0.05). Serum propionate and butyrate concentrations were higher in the M-BC and H-BC groups than in the control group. BC dose-dependently increased α-diversity of the gut microbiota and predicted the enhancement of oxidative phosphorylation-related microbiome genes and downregulation of carbohydrate digestion and absorption-related genes, as determined by PICRUSt2 analysis. In conclusion, BC enhanced insulin sensitivity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, which improved glucose homeostasis, and these improvements were associated with an incremental increase of the α-diversity of gut microbiota and suppressed inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jeong Yang
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korean Food Research Institutes, Wanjoo 55365, Korea; (H.-J.Y.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea; (T.Z.); (X.-G.W.)
| | - Xuan-Gao Wu
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea; (T.Z.); (X.-G.W.)
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korean Food Research Institutes, Wanjoo 55365, Korea; (H.-J.Y.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- Hanter Co., Ltd., Jeongeup 56204, Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (Y.-S.Y.)
| | | | - Yeong-Seok Yoon
- Hanter Co., Ltd., Jeongeup 56204, Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (Y.-S.Y.)
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea; (T.Z.); (X.-G.W.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea
- Correspondence:
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