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Cheng J, Wang X, Luo C, Mao X, Qin J, Chi Y, He B, Hao Y, Niu X, Huang B, Liu L. Effects of intracellular Ca 2+ on developmental potential and ultrastructure of cryopreserved-warmed oocyte in mouse. Cryobiology 2024; 114:104834. [PMID: 38065230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining appropriate intracellular calcium of oocytes is necessary to prevent ultrastructure and organelle damage caused by freezing and cryoprotectants. The present study aimed to investigate whether cryoprotectant-induced changes in the calcium concentrations of oocytes can be regulated to reduce damage to developmental potential and ultrastructure. A total of 33 mice and 1381 oocytes were used to explore the effects of intracellular calcium on the development and ultrastructures of oocytes subjected to 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) inhibition or thapsigargin (TG) stimulation. Results suggested that high levels intracellular calcium interfered with TG compromised oocyte survival (84.4 % vs. 93.4 %, p < 0.01) and blastocyst formation in fresh and cryopreservation oocytes (78.1 % vs. 86.4 %, and 60.5 % vs. 72.5 %, p < 0.05) compared with that of 2-APB pretreated oocytes in which Ca2+ was stabilized even though no differences in fertilization and cleavage was detected (p > 0.05). Examination by transmission electron microscopy indicated that the microvilli decreased and shortened, cortical granules considerably decreased in the cortex area, mitochondrial vesicles and vacuoles increased, and the proportion of vacuole mitochondria increased after oocytes were exposed to cryoprotectants. The cryopreservation-warming process deteriorated the negative effects on organelles of survival oocytes. By contrast, a low level of intracellular calcium mediated with 2-APB was supposed to contribute to the protection of organelles. These findings suggested oocyte injuries induced by cryoprotectants and low temperatures can be alleviated. More studies are necessary to confirm the relationship among Ca2+ concentration of the cytoplasm, ultrastructural injuries, and disrupted developmental potential in oocytes subjected to cryopreservation and warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Cheng
- Reproductive Medical and Genetic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China; College of Animal Science and Technology of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Chan Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Xianbao Mao
- Reproductive Medical and Genetic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jie Qin
- Reproductive Medical and Genetic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yan Chi
- Reproductive Medical and Genetic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Bing He
- Reproductive Medical and Genetic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yanrong Hao
- Reproductive Medical and Genetic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiangli Niu
- Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Ben Huang
- Reproductive Medical and Genetic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China; College of Animal Science and Technology of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Liling Liu
- Reproductive Medical and Genetic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China.
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2
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Olver DJ, Heres P, Paredes E, Benson JD. Rational synthesis of total damage during cryoprotectant equilibration: modelling and experimental validation of osmomechanical, temperature, and cytotoxic damage in sea urchin ( Paracentrotus lividus) oocytes. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15539. [PMID: 37671360 PMCID: PMC10476611 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea urchins (e.g., Paracentrotus lividus) are important for both aquaculture and as model species. Despite their importance, biobanking of urchin oocytes by cryopreservation is currently not possible. Optimized cryoprotectant loading may enable novel vitrification methods and thus successful cryopreservation of oocytes. One method for determining an optimized loading protocol uses membrane characteristics and models of damage, namely osmomechanical damage, temperature damage (e.g., chill injury) and cytotoxicity. Here we present and experimentally evaluate existing and novel models of these damage modalities as a function of time and temperature. In osmomechanical damage experiments, oocytes were exposed for 2 to 30 minutes in hypertonic NaCl or sucrose supplemented seawater or in hypotonic diluted seawater. In temperature damage experiments, oocytes were exposed to 1.7 °C, 10 °C, or 20 °C for 2 to 90 minutes. Cytotoxicity was investigated by exposing oocytes to solutions of Me2SO for 2 to 30 minutes. We identified a time-dependent osmotic damage model, a temperature-dependent damage model, and a temperature and time-dependent cytotoxicity model. We combined these models to estimate total damage during a cryoprotectant loading protocol and determined the optimal loading protocol for any given goal intracellular cryoprotectant concentration. Given our fitted models, we find sea urchin oocytes can only be loaded to 13% Me2SO v/v with about 50% survival. This synthesis of multiple damage modalities is the first of its kind and enables a novel approach to modelling cryoprotectant equilibration survival for cells in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic J. Olver
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Pablo Heres
- Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, ECOCOST Lab, Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Estefania Paredes
- Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, ECOCOST Lab, Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - James D. Benson
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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3
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Vining LM, Zak LJ, Harvey SC, Harvey KE. The role of apoptosis in cryopreserved animal oocytes and embryos. Theriogenology 2021; 173:93-101. [PMID: 34365139 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation of both gametes and embryos, both for storage and for the preservation of their developmental capacity is a critical aspect of assisted reproductive technology. The survival of reproductive material following cryopreservation protocols is not only vital to clinical applications in the human in vitro fertilisation clinic, but is also important in the in vitro production of livestock embryos. The ability to routinely cryopreserve oocytes and embryos of livestock species has the potential to improve animal welfare, reduce environmental impact, and reduce the associated costs for breeding companies through the reduction of live animal transportation. Unfortunately, frozen oocytes and embryos are regularly documented to contain a higher proportion of apoptotic cells compared to their non-frozen counterparts, with freezing procedures thought to trigger apoptotic pathways of cell death. Comparisons between frozen and non-frozen samples also show changes in the gene expression of apoptotic factors such as Bcl-2 and Bax in response to cryopreservation. Apoptotic inhibition has the potential to improve cryosurvival, and how to achieve this is subject to debate. Here, we review how exposure to low temperatures during cryopreservation may be responsible for the abnormal activation of apoptotic pathways in mammalian oocytes and embryos, and discuss the ways in which they can be influenced to improve cryopreservation protocols, particularly in agriculturally important species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy May Vining
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, CT1 1QU, UK
| | | | - Simon Crawford Harvey
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, CT1 1QU, UK
| | - Katie Evelyn Harvey
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, CT1 1QU, UK.
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4
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Chi Y, Peng B, Lu J. Effect of ovarian storage time at 4 degrees C on cumulus cell apoptosis in porcine antral follicles. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13465. [PMID: 33222358 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of cold storage time on apoptosis of cumulus cells (CCs) from porcine ovaries, and to compare the sensitivity of four apoptosis-detection methods. Porcine ovaries were stored in physiological saline solution at 4°C for 0, 7, 24 and 48 hr, and then cumulus cells or granulosa cells (GCs) in antral follicles were retrieved to detect cell apoptosis. Cumulus cells isolated from stored ovaries for 24 hr presented obvious apoptosis using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated d-UTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay. A typical DNA ladder pattern of apoptosis was observed in GCs 24 hr post storage treatment. The mean Olive Tail Moment of CCs was significantly increased after 24 hr using comet assay; however, the mean tail migration and mean tail DNA increased gradually after 7 hr of storage. In addition, annexin V/PI staining assay showed an obvious increase in apoptotic CCs (Annexin V positive, PI negative) 7 hr after treatment, and the apoptotic rate reached to a peak at 24 hr followed by a decline after 48 hr of storage to the level at 7 hr. In conclusion, cold storage of porcine ovary in physiological saline solution induced a time-dependent increase in apoptosis of cumulus cells, and annexin V/PI staining combined with comet assay provided a sensitive and reliable method to detect early damages in cumulus cells induced by cold storage of ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Chi
- Laboratory Animal Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Peng
- Laboratory Animal Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Somfai T, Nguyen HT, Nguyen MT, Dang-Nguyen TQ, Kaneko H, Noguchi J, Kikuchi K. Vitrification of porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes at the germinal vesicle stage does not trigger apoptosis in oocytes and early embryos, but activates anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL gene expression beyond the 4-cell stage. J Reprod Dev 2020; 66:115-123. [PMID: 31983718 PMCID: PMC7175390 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2019-094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to clarify whether or not our vitrification procedure at the germinal vesicle (GV)-stage triggers the apoptotic cascade in oocytes and subsequent embryos.
Immature porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes were either vitrified and warmed (vitrified group) or subjected to cryoprotectant agents (CPA group) or cultured without any treatment (control).
Oocytes of all treatment groups were subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM), fertilization, and embryo culture. Apoptosis was assayed in live oocytes at the end of IVM
culture and in cleavage-stage embryos after in vitro fertilization (IVF). We detected similar frequencies of DNA fragmentation, levels of caspase activity,
phosphatidylserine externalization, and mRNA levels for pro-apoptotic Bax and CASP3 genes in oocytes at the end of IVM and in early embryos among all
groups. However, in the vitrified group, the anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL gene was upregulated in 4–8 cell embryos, which caused an 8-fold significant increase in the
Bcl-XL/Bax mRNA ratio compared with the control and CPA groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, vitrification of porcine oocytes at the GV stage by our
method did not trigger the apoptotic cascade in oocytes and subsequent embryos but triggered the upregulation of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL gene in embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Somfai
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Hiep Thi Nguyen
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi City, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Men Thi Nguyen
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Thanh Quang Dang-Nguyen
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kaneko
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Junko Noguchi
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kikuchi
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi City, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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6
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Leemans B, Stout TAE, Soom AV, Gadella BM. pH-dependent effects of procaine on equine gamete activation†. Biol Reprod 2019; 101:1056-1074. [PMID: 31373616 PMCID: PMC6877780 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Procaine directly triggers pH-dependent cytokinesis in equine oocytes and induces hypermotility in stallion spermatozoa, an important event during capacitation. However, procaine-induced hyperactivated motility is abolished when sperm is washed to remove the procaine prior to sperm-oocyte co-incubation. To understand how procaine exerts its effects, the external Ca2+ and Na+ and weak base activity dependency of procaine-induced hyperactivation in stallion spermatozoa was assessed using computer-assisted sperm analysis. Percoll-washed stallion spermatozoa exposed to Ca2+-depleted (+2 mM EGTA) procaine-supplemented capacitating medium (CM) still demonstrated hyperactivated motility, whereas CM without NaCl or Na+ did not. Both procaine and NH4Cl, another weak base, were shown to trigger a cytoplasmic pH increase (BCECF-acetoxymethyl (AM)), which is primarily induced by a pH rise in acidic cell organelles (Lysosensor green dnd-189), accompanied by hypermotility in stallion sperm. As for procaine, 25 mM NH4Cl also induced oocyte cytokinesis. Interestingly, hyperactivated motility was reliably induced by 2.5-10 mM procaine, whereas a significant cytoplasmic cAMP increase and tail-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation were only observed at 10 mM. Moreover, 25 mM NH4Cl did not support the latter capacitation characteristics. Additionally, cAMP levels were more than 10× higher in boar than stallion sperm incubated under similar capacitating conditions. Finally, stallion sperm preincubated with 10 mM procaine did not fertilize equine oocytes. In conclusion, 10 mM procaine causes a cytoplasmic and acidic sperm cell organelle pH rise that simultaneously induces hyperactivated motility, increased levels of cAMP and tail-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation in stallion spermatozoa. However, procaine-induced hypermotility is independent of the cAMP/protein tyrosine phosphorylation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Leemans
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom A E Stout
- Departments of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart M Gadella
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Departments of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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7
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Gioia L, Festuccia C, Colapietro A, Gloria A, Contri A, Valbonetti L. Abundances of autophagy-related protein LC3B in granulosa cells, cumulus cells, and oocytes during atresia of pig antral follicles. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 211:106225. [PMID: 31785629 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, apoptosis has been accepted as the type of programmed cell death (PCD) that occurs in ovarian follicles undergoing atresia. Results of recent studies, however, indicate autophagy may be an alternative mechanism involved in follicle depletion through independent or tandem actions with apoptosis. Western blotting and immunofluorescence procedures were used in the present study to investigate the abundances of LC3B protein in freshly collected granulosa cells (GCs), cumulus cells (CCs), and oocytes to evaluate whether autophagy is an important process of antral follicle atresia in sexually mature sows. Furthermore, apoptosis was analyzed using annexin V and TUNEL assays in the same cellular cohorts to evaluate the correlation between the two processes. Immunostaining results indicate autophagy was induced in the majority of GCs, CCs, and oocytes from early and advanced stage atretic follicles. The quantitative results of western blot analysis indicate there is a progressive increase (P < 0.05) in abundance of autophagy-related protein (LC3B-II) in these cells compared with cells in non-atretic follicles. Furthermore, there is confirmation that apoptosis occurs in the GCs of atretic follicles, thus indicating that in pigs apoptosis and autophagy are processes in GCs that regulate PCD and as a consequence antral follicle depletion. There was a greater abundance of LC3B-II in CCs and oocytes of atretic follicles, while apoptosis was not detected. It, therefore, is suggested that in these cells the two processes function independently, with autophagy having a cytoprotective rather than PCD mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Gioia
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100, Teramo, Italy.
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Colapietro
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessia Gloria
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano D'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alberto Contri
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Luca Valbonetti
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100, Teramo, Italy
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8
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Appeltant R, Somfai T, Kikuchi K. Faster, cheaper, defined and efficient vitrification for immature porcine oocytes through modification of exposure time, macromolecule source and temperature. Cryobiology 2018; 85:87-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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9
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Appeltant R, Somfai T, Santos ECS, Dang-Nguyen TQ, Nagai T, Kikuchi K. Effects of vitrification of cumulus-enclosed porcine oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage on cumulus expansion, nuclear progression and cytoplasmic maturation. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:2419-2429. [PMID: 28502309 DOI: 10.1071/rd16386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although offspring have been produced from porcine oocytes vitrified at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage, the rate of embryo development remains low. In the present study, nuclear morphology and progression, cumulus expansion, transzonal projections (TZPs), ATP and glutathione (GSH) levels were compared between vitrified cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) and control COCs (no cryoprotectant treatment and no cooling), as well as a toxicity control (no cooling). Vitrification was performed with 17.5% (v/v) ethylene glycol and 17.5% (v/v) propylene glycol. Vitrification at the GV stage caused premature meiotic progression, reflected by earlier GV breakdown and untimely attainment of the MII stage. However, cytoplasmic maturation, investigated by measurement of ATP and GSH levels, as well as cumulus expansion, proceeded normally despite detectable damage to TZPs in vitrified COCs. Moreover, treatment with cryoprotectants caused fragmentation of nucleolus precursor bodies and morphological changes in F-actin from which oocytes were able to recover during subsequent IVM culture. Reduced developmental competence may be explained by premature nuclear maturation leading to oocyte aging, although other mechanisms, such as initiation of apoptosis and reduction of cytoplasmic mRNA, can also be considered. Further research will be required to clarify the presence and effects of these phenomena during the vitrification of immature COCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Appeltant
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organisation, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Tamás Somfai
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organisation, Ikenodai 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Elisa C S Santos
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organisation, Ikenodai 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Thanh Quang Dang-Nguyen
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organisation, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagai
- Department of Research Planning and Coordination, National Agriculture and Food Research Organisation, Ikenodai 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kikuchi
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organisation, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
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Monteiro CAS, Leal GR, Saraiva HFRDA, Garcia JM, Camargo AJDR, Serapião RV, Nogueira LAG, Rodrigues ALR, Oliveira CS. Short term culture with cAMP modulators before vitrification significantly improve actin integrity in bovine oocytes. Livest Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Ofoegbu PU, Simão FCP, Cruz A, Mendo S, Soares AMVM, Pestana JLT. Toxicity of tributyltin (TBT) to the freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 148:61-67. [PMID: 26802264 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, one of the best characterized animal models for regeneration research and developmental biology, is being recognised as a useful species for ecotoxicological studies. Sensitive endpoints related to planarians' behaviour and regeneration can be easily evaluated after exposure to environmental stressors. In this work the sensitivity of S. mediterranea to a gradient of environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT was studied using multiple endpoints like survival, locomotion, head regeneration and DNA damage. In addition, a feeding assay based on planarian's predatory behaviour was performed. Results indicated that TBT is toxic to planarians with LC50's of 1.87 μg L(-1) Sn and 1.31 μg L(-1) Sn at 48 h and 96 h of exposure respectively. Sub-lethal exposures to TBT significantly reduced locomotion and feeding, delayed head regeneration and caused DNA damage in planarians. The behavioural endpoints (feeding and locomotion) and head regeneration were the most sensitive parameters followed by DNA damage. Similar to other aquatic model organisms, S. mediterranea showed high sensitivity towards TBT exposure. Based on our results, and though further research is required concerning their sensitivity to other pollutants, the use of freshwater planarians as a model species in ecotoxicology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl U Ofoegbu
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria
| | | | - Andreia Cruz
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia Mendo
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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Inaba Y, Miyashita S, Somfai T, Geshi M, Matoba S, Dochi O, Nagai T. Cryopreservation method affects DNA fragmentation in trophectoderm and the speed of re-expansion in bovine blastocysts. Cryobiology 2016; 72:86-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Suttirojpattana T, Somfai T, Matoba S, Nagai T, Parnpai R, Geshi M. The effect of temperature during liquid storage of in vitro-matured bovine oocytes on subsequent embryo development. Theriogenology 2015; 85:509-518.e1. [PMID: 26483307 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to optimize the temperature for the temporal storage of matured bovine oocytes. In vitro-matured bovine oocytes were preserved in HEPES-buffered TCM199 medium supplemented with 10% newborn calf serum at different temperatures (4 °C, 15 °C, 25 °C, and 38.5 °C) for 20 hours. Embryo development and blastocyst quality after in vitro fertilization, cytoplasmic ATP and glutathione levels in oocytes, and the frequency of apoptotic oocytes were compared among storage groups and a control group without storage. Among the storage groups, those at 25 °C and 38.5 °C showed the highest rates of blastocyst development (19.3% and 24.5%, respectively) compared with those stored at 4 °C and 15 °C (8.5% and 14.9%, respectively); however, blastocyst formation rates in all storage groups were lower than that in the control group (39.8%; P < 0.05). Storage at 38.5 °C and 15 °C was associated with reduced cell numbers in resultant blastocysts compared with the control and the 25 °C storage groups. Storage at 4 °C reduced metabolic activity of oocytes characterized by their lower ATP levels compared with the other groups. Storage for 20 hours significantly reduced the glutathione content in oocytes in all groups in a similar manner, irrespective of the temperature. Storage at 4 °C or 15 °C but not at 25 °C and 38.5 °C significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic oocytes compared with the control group. In conclusion, 25 °C was found to be the most suitable temperature for the temporal storage of matured bovine oocytes regarding both the developmental competence of oocytes and the quality of resultant blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayita Suttirojpattana
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Japan; Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Tamas Somfai
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Satoko Matoba
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagai
- Food and Fertilizer Technology Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rangsun Parnpai
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
| | - Masaya Geshi
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Japan
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Leemans B, Gadella BM, Stout TA, Heras S, Smits K, Ferrer-Buitrago M, Claes E, Heindryckx B, De Vos WH, Nelis H, Hoogewijs M, Van Soom A. Procaine Induces Cytokinesis in Horse Oocytes via a pH-Dependent Mechanism1. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:23. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.127423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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15
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Cytochalasin B efficiency in the cryopreservation of immature bovine oocytes by Cryotop and solid surface vitrification methods. Cryobiology 2014; 69:496-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Jang W, Lee S, Choi H, Lim J, Heo Y, Cui X, Kim N. Vitrification of immaturemouse oocytes by the modified‐cut standard straw method. Cell Biol Int 2013; 38:164-71. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo‐In Jang
- Department of Animal SciencesChungbuk National UniversityCheongjuChungbuk361‐763South Korea
| | - Seung‐Eun Lee
- Stem Cell Research CenterJeju National UniversityJejuKorea
| | - Hyun‐Yong Choi
- Department of Animal SciencesChungbuk National UniversityCheongjuChungbuk361‐763South Korea
| | - Joon‐Gyo Lim
- Department of Animal SciencesChungbuk National UniversityCheongjuChungbuk361‐763South Korea
| | - Young‐Tae Heo
- Department of Animal SciencesChungbuk National UniversityCheongjuChungbuk361‐763South Korea
| | - Xiang‐Shun Cui
- Department of Animal SciencesChungbuk National UniversityCheongjuChungbuk361‐763South Korea
| | - Nam‐Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal SciencesChungbuk National UniversityCheongjuChungbuk361‐763South Korea
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17
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Zhou GB, Li N. Bovine Oocytes Cryoinjury and How to Improve Their Development Following Cryopreservation. Anim Biotechnol 2013; 24:94-106. [DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2012.755466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Liang Y, Rakwongrit D, Phermthai T, Somfai T, Nagai T, Parnpai R. Cryopreservation of immature buffalo oocytes: effects of cytochalasin B pretreatment on the efficiency of cryotop and solid surface vitrification methods. Anim Sci J 2012; 83:630-8. [PMID: 22943529 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2012.01013.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the efficiency of the solid surface (SSV), cryotop (CT) vitrification methods and cytochalasin B (CB) pretreatment for cryopreservation of immature buffalo oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were placed for 1 min in TCM199 containing 10% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 10% ethylene glycol (EG), and 20% fetal bovine serum, and then transferred for 30 s to base medium containing 20% DMSO, 20% EG and 0.5 mol/L sucrose. CB pretreated ((+)CB) or non-pretreated ((-)CB) COCs were vitrified either by SSV or CT. Surviving vitrified COCs were selected for in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). The rate of viable oocytes after vitrification in CT groups (82%) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that in a fresh control group (100%), but significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those in SSV groups (71-72%). Among vitrified groups, the highest maturation rate was obtained in the CT (-)CB group (32%). After IVF, the cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were similar among vitrified groups but significantly lower than those of the control group. In conclusion, a higher survival rate of oocytes after vitrification and IVM was obtained in the CT group compared with that in the SSV group, indicating the superiority of the CT method. Pretreatment with CB did not increase the viability, maturation or embryo development of vitrified oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liang
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center and School of Biotechnology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
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19
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Succu S, Berlinguer F, Leoni GG, Bebbere D, Satta V, Marco-Jimenez F, Pasciu V, Naitana S. Calcium concentration in vitrification medium affects the developmental competence of in vitro matured ovine oocytes. Theriogenology 2011; 75:715-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Effect of different activation modes on DNA integrity of porcine M II oocytes maturedin vitro. ZYGOTE 2009; 18:81-7. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199409990050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe effect of different activation protocols on DNA integrity of porcine oocytes maturedin vitrowas analysed using the comet assay. The oocytes from ovaries of slaughtered gilts were cultured for 48 h in modified M199 medium. They were then freed of cumulus cells and treated continuously or intermittently with a nitric oxide (NO) donor for 6 h. Standard activation with calcium ions (Ca2+) and culture without any treatment served as positive and negative controls, respectively. The activation was assessed according to the formation of pronuclei. Exposure of oocytes to Ca2+was associated with high activation efficiency, but decreased DNA integrity. The opposite, i.e. low activation efficiency but high DNA integrity was observed after continuous exposure to NO. Intermittent action of NO increased the activation rate, while the values of DNA damage remained at low levels. Our data suggest that an increased DNA instability could be the main reason compromising the further embryonic development of oocytes activated by the standard protocol. The intermittent treatment with NO thus represents a promising step to optimization of parthenogenetic activation of pig oocytes.
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21
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Gerelchimeg B, Li-Qing L, Zhong Z, Jiang-Tian T, Qing-Ran K, Jun S, Xue-Dong W, Zhong-Hua L. Effect of chilling on porcine germinal vesicle stage oocytes at the subcellular level. Cryobiology 2009; 59:54-8. [PMID: 19394324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Revised: 04/10/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The potential subcellular consequence of chilling on porcine germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes was examined. Prior to in vitro maturation (IVM), Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) freshly collected from antral follicles (3-6mm in diameter) were evenly divided into four groups and immediately incubated in PVA-TL-HEPES medium at the temperature of 39 degrees C (control group), 23 degrees C (room temperature), 15 degrees C and 10 degrees C for 10min, respectively. Following 42h of IVM at 39 degrees C, the survival rates were examined. There was no significant difference between the survival rate of 23 degrees C chilled group and control group (77.92 and 91.89%), but the survival rate of 15 and 10 degrees C chilled group were significantly decreased (46.34 and 4.81%, P<0.01). A further experiment on 15 degrees C group showed that most oocytes died from 2 to 4h of IVM. In order to investigate the effects of chilling on oocytes at the subcellular level, the control and 15 degrees C chilled group COCs fixed at different time points of the IVM cultures (2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4h of IVM) were prepared for transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation. As the result, compared with the control group, there were two significant changes in the ultrastructural morphology of 15 degrees C treatment group: (1) dramatic reduction of heterogeneous lipid, (2) disorganized mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum-lipid vesicles (M-E-L) combination. These results indicate that 15 degrees C is a critical chilling temperature for porcine GV stage oocyte and the alteration of cellular chemical composition and the destruction of M-E-L combination maybe responsible for chilling injury of porcine oocyte at this stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bou Gerelchimeg
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Province, China
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22
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Gualtieri R, Iaccarino M, Mollo V, Prisco M, Iaccarino S, Talevi R. Slow cooling of human oocytes: ultrastructural injuries and apoptotic status. Fertil Steril 2009; 91:1023-34. [PMID: 18367177 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Improvement in the in vitro maturation rate of porcine oocytes vitrified at the germinal vesicle stage by treatment with a mitochondrial permeability transition inhibitor. Cryobiology 2008; 57:269-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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Wu Y, Liu CJ, Wan PC, Hao ZD, Zeng SM. Factors affecting the efficiency of producing porcine embryos expressing enhanced green fluorescence protein by ICSI-mediated gene transfer method. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 113:156-66. [PMID: 18804336 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate factors that affect the efficiency of blastocyst development and enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) expression in porcine embryos following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-mediated DNA transfer. Frozen-thawed dead spermatozoa were exposed to different concentrations (0.01 microg/mL, 0.05 microg/mL or 0.1 microg/mL) of EGFP DNA solution, and then microinjected into in vitro matured oocytes. The optimal concentration for EGFP expression of resultant embryos was 0.05 microg/mL. When oocytes were microinjected on a warm stage at 30 degrees C, the percentage of EGFP-expressing embryos was higher than that at 38.5 degrees C (40.1% vs. 20.9%, P<0.01). The efficiency of EGFP expression in embryos following ICSI using linear EGFP DNA-exposed spermatozoa was higher than using circular DNA (40.8% vs. 28.2%, P<0.05). ICSI oocytes treated with 6-DMAP after electro-activation had a higher percentage of embryos expressing EGFP than those not treated (52.5% vs. 26.3%, P<0.01). However, neither incubation temperatures of spermatozoa and DNA (4 degrees C, 24 degrees C or 39 degrees C) nor BSA addition to the incubation medium affected the efficiency of producing EGFP-expressing embryos. Furthermore, treatment with DNase I after preincubation of sperm and DNA prevented the embryos from expressing EGFP. The EGFP expression of ICSI oocytes was affected neither by intracytoplasmic injection using sperm heads or whole spermatozoa, nor by washing of the sperm after preincubation. The above-mentioned factors did not affect embryonic developmental competence, apart from 6-DMAP treatment after electro-activation. In conclusion, most exogenous DNA molecules were tightly bound on the membranes of sperm head after incubation of DNA and sperm, and the temperature during ICSI, 6-DMAP treatment, exogenous DNA concentrations and constructs could significantly affect EGFP expression in porcine embryos following ICSI-mediated DNA transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
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25
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SOMFAI T, KASHIWAZAKI N, OZAWA M, NAKAI M, MAEDOMARI N, NOGUCHI J, KANEKO H, NAGAI T, KIKUCHI K. Effect of Centrifugation Treatment before Vitrification on the Viability of Porcine Mature Oocytes and Zygotes Produced In Vitro. J Reprod Dev 2008; 54:149-55. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.19150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tamás SOMFAI
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
- National Livestock Breeding Center
| | | | - Manabu OZAWA
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
| | - Michiko NAKAI
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
| | | | - Junko NOGUCHI
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
| | - Hiroyuki KANEKO
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
| | - Takashi NAGAI
- National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science
| | - Kazuhiro KIKUCHI
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
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26
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Ghetler Y, Skutelsky E, Ben Nun I, Ben Dor L, Amihai D, Shalgi R. Human oocyte cryopreservation and the fate of cortical granules. Fertil Steril 2006; 86:210-6. [PMID: 16756978 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2005] [Revised: 12/05/2005] [Accepted: 12/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of the commonly used oocyte cryopreservation protocol on the cortical granules (CGs) of human immature germinal vesicle (GV) and mature metaphase II (MII) oocytes. DESIGN Laboratory study. SETTING IVF unit. INTERVENTION(S) Unfertilized, intracytoplasmic sperm injected (ICSI) oocytes, and immature oocytes were cryopreserved using a slow freezing-rapid thawing program with 1,2-propanediol (PROH) as a cryoprotectant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Cortical granule exocytosis (CGE) was assessed by either confocal microscopy or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULT(S) The survival rates of frozen-thawed oocytes (mature and immature) were significantly lower compared with zygotes. Both mature and immature oocytes exhibited increased fluorescence after cryopreservation, indicating the occurrence of CGE. Mere exposure of oocytes to cryoprotectants induced CGE of 70% the value of control zygotes. The TEM revealed a drastic reduction in the amount of CGs at the cortex of frozen-thawed GV and MII oocytes, as well as appearance of vesicles in the ooplasm. CONCLUSION(S) The commonly used PROH freezing protocol for human oocytes resulted in extensive CGE. This finding explains why ICSI is needed to achieve fertilization of frozen-thawed human oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehudith Ghetler
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Hagger JA, Depledge MH, Oehlmann J, Jobling S, Galloway TS. Is there a causal association between genotoxicity and the imposex effect? ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2006; 114 Suppl 1:20-6. [PMID: 16818242 PMCID: PMC1874168 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence that indicates common environmental pollutants are capable of disrupting reproductive and developmental processes by interfering with the actions of endogenous hormones. Many reports of endocrine disruption describe changes in the normal development of organs and tissues that are consistent with genetic damage, and recent studies confirm that many chemicals classified to have hormone-modulating effects also possess carcinogenic and mutagenic potential. To date, however, there have been no conclusive examples linking genetic damage with perturbation of endocrine function and adverse effects in vivo. Here, we provide the first evidence of DNA damage associated with the development of imposex (the masculinization of female gastropods considered to be the result of alterations to endocrine-mediated pathways) in the dog-whelk Nucella lapillus. Animals (n = 257) that displayed various stages of tributyltin (TBT) -induced imposex were collected from sites in southwest England, and their imposex status was determined by physical examination. Linear regression analysis revealed a very strong relationship (correlation coefficient of 0.935, p < 0.0001) between the degree of imposex and the extent of DNA damage (micronucleus formation) in hemocytes. Moreover, histological examination of a larger number of dog-whelks collected from sites throughout Europe confirmed the presence of hyperplastic growths, primarily on the vas deferens and penis in both TBT-exposed male snails and in females that exhibited imposex. A strong association was found between TBT body burden and the prevalence of abnormal growths, thereby providing compelling evidence to support the hypothesis that environmental chemicals that affect reproductive processes do so partly through DNA damage pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine A Hagger
- Ecotoxicology and Stress Biology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom.
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28
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Perry C, Blaine J, Le H, Grichtchenko II. PMA- and ANG II-induced PKC regulation of the renal Na+-HCO3−cotransporter (hkNBCe1). Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2006; 290:F417-27. [PMID: 16159892 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00395.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The renal electrogenic Na+-HCO3−cotransporter (hkNBCe1) plays a major role in the bicarbonate reabsorption by the kidney. We examined how PMA- and ANG II-activated PKCs regulate hkNBCe1 expressed with or without the ANG II receptors AT1Bin Xenopus laevis oocytes. We found that 10 nM PMA halved the hkNBCe1 current detected in voltage-clamped oocytes. A PKC-specific inhibitor GF-109203X, and a specific inhibitor of Ca-dependent conventional PKCαβγ, GÖ-6976, significantly reduced PMA inhibition. PMA did not alter surface expression of the cotransporters, but it significantly increased hkNBCe1-PKCαβγ membrane association. We found that at 10−6M, ANG II halved the hkNBCe1 current detected in oocytes coexpressing cotransporters with AT1B. A PKC-specific inhibitor GF-109203X, and a PKCε translocation inhibitor εV1–2 peptide as well as BAPTA-AM (but not GÖ-6976), significantly reduced ANG II inhibition. At 10−6M, ANG II significantly decreased surface expression of the cotransporters and increased hkNBCe1-PKCε membrane association. Additionally, we found that at 10−11and 10−10M ANG II stimulated hkNBCe1 current. This effect was blocked by BAPTA-AM and partially reduced by GF-109203X. We also found that ANG II increased intracellular Ca2+in fluo 4-loaded oocytes. Our results suggest that 1) PMA inhibition of hkNBCe1 is mediated by Ca-dependent PKCαβγ and 10 nM PMA does not induce downregulation of cotransporter surface expression. 2) ANG II (10−6M) inhibition of hkNBCe1 is mediated by both Ca-independent PKCε and downregulation of cotransporter surface expression, possibly triggered by intracellular Ca2+mobilization. 3) Similar to proximal tubule, acute ANG II has a biphasic effect on hkNBCe1 coexpressed with AT1Bin X. laevis oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clint Perry
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Mail Stop 8307, P.O. Box 6511, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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29
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Chaube SK, Prasad PV, Thakur SC, Shrivastav TG. Estradiol protects clomiphene citrate–induced apoptosis in ovarian follicular cells and ovulated cumulus–oocyte complexes. Fertil Steril 2005; 84 Suppl 2:1163-72. [PMID: 16210008 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2004] [Revised: 03/25/2005] [Accepted: 03/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether clomiphene citrate (CC) reduces E(2) level in the ovary and circulation and induces apoptosis in ovarian follicular cells and ovulated cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). If yes, to determine whether E(2) coadministration could protect against these adverse effects of CC. DESIGN A controlled prospective study. SETTING Laboratory research setting. ANIMAL(S) Ninety sexually immature female rats that were 24-25 days of age. INTERVENTION(S) The immature female rats were injected with a single dose of 10 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin. After 48 hours, 10 IU of hCG along with 10 mg of CC per kilogram of body weight, with or without 2.0 mg of E2 per kilogram of body weight were coadministered. After 16 hrs, the rats were killed; COCs were collected from oviduct and ovaries were isolated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Number of superovulated COCs, oocyte morphology, E2 level in ovary and serum, histology of ovary, DNA fragmentation, and bax protein expression in ovary and COCs. RESULT(S) The number of COCs and E2 level in ovary and serum were reduced, whereas membrane blebbing in oocytes, bax protein expression, and DNA fragmentation in ovarian follicular cells and ovulated COCs were induced after CC treatment. These adverse effects of CC were protected against if animals were coadministered with E2. CONCLUSION(S) Clomiphene citrate-induced apoptosis in ovarian follicular cells (probably granulosa cells), thereby reducing E2 level in ovary and circulation that might have resulted in poor development and maturation of oocytes leading to reduced ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shail K Chaube
- Department of Reproductive Biomedicine, National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India.
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Takahashi T, Igarashi H, Doshida M, Takahashi K, Nakahara K, Tezuka N, Kurachi H. Lowering intracellular and extracellular calcium contents prevents cytotoxic effects of ethylene glycol-based vitrification solution in unfertilized mouse oocytes. Mol Reprod Dev 2005; 68:250-8. [PMID: 15095347 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the characteristics of the changes in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration ([Ca2+](i)) and the viability of the unfertilized mouse oocytes exposed to various concentrations of ethylene glycol (EG)-containing solutions or vitrification solutions. Oocytes exposed to EG (1, 5, 10, 20, and 40% (v/v)) exhibited a rapid and dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+](i). The survival rate was 100% when oocytes were exposed to the EG concentration up to 5% through 5 min, while all oocytes were dead within 3 min when exposed to 10, 20, or 40% EG. When extracellular Ca2+ was removed, increase in [Ca2+](i) at 10 and 20% EG was less than that at the same concentrations of EG with extracellular Ca2+. The survival rates of the oocytes exposed to 10, 20, and 40% EG at 3 min were 100, 97, and 0%, respectively. In the presence of 20 microM 1,2-bis(o-aminopheoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetra acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM), a Ca2+ chelator, a small increase in [Ca2+](i) exposed to 10, 20, and 40% EG was observed until 4 min. Subsequently prolonged elevation of the [Ca2+](i) was observed in the oocytes exposed to 40% EG but not with 10 and 20% EG. The survival rate of the oocytes, in the presence of 20 microM BAPTA-AM, exposed to 10 and 20% EG was 100% throughout 5 min, while the oocytes exposed to 40% EG were alive only for 3 min. Treatment by the vitrification solution with various concentrations of EG (10, 20, and 40%) caused a smaller increase in [Ca2+](i), while the survival rates were higher compared to those without vitrification solution at the same concentrations of EG. These data suggested that the sustained [Ca2+](i) rises by EG in unfertilized mouse oocytes resulted in cell death. Therefore, the lowering of [Ca2+](i) in the oocytes exposed to the cryoprotectant may improve the viability of cryopreserved unfertilized oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
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Hagger JA, Depledge MH, Galloway TS. Toxicity of tributyltin in the marine mollusc Mytilus edulis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2005; 51:811-6. [PMID: 16054656 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have demonstrated that tributyltin (TBT) is genotoxic to the early life stages of marine mussels and worms. Here, the toxicity of TBT to adult organisms was determined using a suite of biomarkers designed to detect cytotoxic, immunotoxic and genotoxic effects. Exposure of adult mussels, Mytilus edulis, to environmentally realistic concentrations of TBTO for 7 days resulted in a statistically significant decrease in cell viability at concentrations of 0.5 microg/l and above. TBT had no effect on phagocytic activity or antioxidant capacity (FRAP assay). There was a statistically significant increase in DNA damage detected using the comet and micronucleus assays between the controls and 0.5, 1 and 5 microg/l of TBTO (P > 0.0005). Furthermore there was a strong correlation between DNA strand breaks (comet assay) and formation of micronuclei (P = 0.0005; R2 = 61.5%). Possible mechanisms by which TBT could damage DNA either directly or indirectly are discussed including the possibility that TBT is genotoxic due to its ability to disrupt calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine A Hagger
- Plymouth Environmental Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK.
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