1
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Lai H, Yang Y, Zhang J. Advances in post-translational modifications and recurrent spontaneous abortion. Gene 2024; 927:148700. [PMID: 38880188 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is defined as two or more pregnancy loss, which affects approximately 1-2% of women's fertility. The etiology of RSA has not yet been fully revealed, which poses a great problem for clinical treatment. Post- translational modifications(PTMs) are chemical modifications that play a crucial role in the functional proteome. A considerable number of published studies have shown the relationship between post-translational modifications of various proteins and RSA. The study of PTMs contributes to elucidating the role of modified proteins in the pathogenesis of RSA, as well as the design of more effective diagnostic/prognostic tools and more targeted treatments. Most reviews in the field of RSA have only focused on RNA epigenomics research. The present review reports the latest research developments of PTMs related to RSA, such as glycosylation, phosphorylation, Methylation, Acetylation, Ubiquitination, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhong Lai
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Dhori X, Gioiosa S, Gonfloni S. An integrated analysis of multiple datasets reveals novel gene signatures in human granulosa cells. Sci Data 2024; 11:972. [PMID: 39242561 PMCID: PMC11379948 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cells (GCs) play crucial roles in oocyte maturation. Through gap junctions and extracellular vesicles, they mediate the exchange of molecules such as microRNAs and messenger RNAs. Different ovarian cell types exhibit unique gene expression profiles, reflecting their specialized functions and stages. By combining RNA-seq data from various cell types forming the follicle, we aimed at capturing a wide range of expression patterns, offering insights into the functional diversity and complexity of the transcriptome regulation across GCs. Herein, we performed an integrated bioinformatics analysis of RNA sequencing datasets present in public databases, with a unique and standardized workflow., By combining the data from different studies, we successfully increased the robustness and reliability of our findings and discovered novel genes, miRNAs, and signaling pathways associated with GCs function and oocyte maturation. Moreover, our results provide a valuable resource for further wet-lab research on GCs biology and their impact on oocyte development and competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xhulio Dhori
- CINECA, Super Computing Applications and Innovation Department, Via dei Tizii 6B, 000185, Roma, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Roma, via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Gioiosa
- CINECA, Super Computing Applications and Innovation Department, Via dei Tizii 6B, 000185, Roma, Italy.
| | - Stefania Gonfloni
- Department of Biology, University of Roma, via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133, Roma, Italy.
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3
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Galán-Vidal J, García-Gaipo L, Molinuevo R, Dias S, Tsoi A, Gómez-Román J, Elder JT, Hochegger H, Gandarillas A. Sumo-regulatory SENP2 controls the homeostatic squamous mitosis-differentiation checkpoint. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:596. [PMID: 39152119 PMCID: PMC11329632 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06969-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Squamous or epidermoid cancer arises in stratified epithelia but also is frequent in the non-epidermoid epithelium of the lung by unclear mechanisms. A poorly studied mitotic checkpoint drives epithelial cells bearing irreparable genetic damage into epidermoid differentiation. We performed an RNA-sequencing gene search to target unknown regulators of this response and selected the SUMO regulatory protein SENP2. Alterations of SENP2 expression have been associated with some types of cancer. We found the protein to be strongly localised to mitotic spindles of freshly isolated human epidermal cells. Primary cells rapidly differentiated after silencing SENP2 with specific shRNAs. Loss of SENP2 produced in synchronised epithelial cells delays in mitotic entry and exit and defects in chromosomal alignment. The results altogether strongly argue for an essential role of SENP2 in the mitotic spindle and hence in controlling differentiation. In addition, the expression of SENP2 displayed an inverse correlation with the immuno-checkpoint biomarker PD-L1 in a pilot collection of aggressive lung carcinomas. Consistently, metastatic head and neck cancer cells that do not respond to the mitosis-differentiation checkpoint were resistant to depletion of SENP2. Our results identify SENP2 as a novel regulator of the epithelial mitosis-differentiation checkpoint and a potential biomarker in epithelial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Galán-Vidal
- Cell cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Lorena García-Gaipo
- Cell cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Rut Molinuevo
- Cell cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Samantha Dias
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN19RQ, UK
| | - Alex Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Dermatology Service, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Javier Gómez-Román
- Pathology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Institute of Research Valdecilla (IDIVAL), School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Dermatology Service, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Helfrid Hochegger
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN19RQ, UK
| | - Alberto Gandarillas
- Cell cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain.
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, (INSERM), Délégation Occitanie, 34394, Montpellier, France.
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Briley SM, Ahmed AA, Steenwinkel TE, Jiang P, Hartig SM, Schindler K, Pangas SA. Global SUMOylation in mouse oocytes maintains oocyte identity and regulates chromatin remodeling and transcriptional silencing at the end of folliculogenesis. Development 2023; 150:dev201535. [PMID: 37676777 PMCID: PMC10499029 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Meiotically competent oocytes in mammals undergo cyclic development during folliculogenesis. Oocytes within ovarian follicles are transcriptionally active, producing and storing transcripts required for oocyte growth, somatic cell communication and early embryogenesis. Transcription ceases as oocytes transition from growth to maturation and does not resume until zygotic genome activation. Although SUMOylation, a post-translational modification, plays multifaceted roles in transcriptional regulation, its involvement during oocyte development remains poorly understood. In this study, we generated an oocyte-specific knockout of Ube2i, encoding the SUMO E2 enzyme UBE2I, using Zp3-cre+ to determine how loss of oocyte SUMOylation during folliculogenesis affects oocyte development. Ube2i Zp3-cre+ female knockout mice were sterile, with oocyte defects in meiotic competence, spindle architecture and chromosome alignment, and a premature arrest in metaphase I. Additionally, fully grown Ube2i Zp3-cre+ oocytes exhibited sustained transcriptional activity but downregulated maternal effect genes and prematurely activated genes and retrotransposons typically associated with zygotic genome activation. These findings demonstrate that UBE2I is required for the acquisition of key hallmarks of oocyte development during folliculogenesis, and highlight UBE2I as a previously unreported orchestrator of transcriptional regulation in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M. Briley
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Avery A. Ahmed
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tessa E. Steenwinkel
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peixin Jiang
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sean M. Hartig
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karen Schindler
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Pangas
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Overexpression of Tfap2a in Mouse Oocytes Impaired Spindle and Chromosome Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214376. [PMID: 36430853 PMCID: PMC9699359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor AP-2-alpha (Tfap2a) is an important sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that can regulate the transcription of multiple genes by collaborating with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements. In this experiment, the expression, localization, and functions of Tfap2a were investigated in mouse oocytes during maturation. Overexpression via microinjection of Myc-Tfap2a mRNA into the ooplasm, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting were used to study the role of Tfap2a in mouse oocyte meiosis. According to our results, Tfap2a plays a vital role in mouse oocyte maturation. Levels of Tfap2a in GV oocytes of mice suffering from type 2 diabetes increased considerably. Tfap2a was distributed in both the ooplasm and nucleoplasm, and its level gradually increased as meiosis resumption progressed. The overexpression of Tfap2a loosened the chromatin, accelerated germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), and blocked the first polar body extrusion 14 h after maturation in vitro. The width of the metaphase plate at metaphase I stage increased, and the spindle and chromosome organization at metaphase II stage were disrupted in the oocytes by overexpressed Tfap2a. Furthermore, Tfap2a overexpression dramatically boosted the expression of p300 in mouse GV oocytes. Additionally, the levels of pan histone lysine acetylation (Pan Kac), histone H4 lysine 12 acetylation (H4K12ac), and H4 lysine 16 acetylation (H4K16ac), as well as pan histone lysine lactylation (Pan Kla), histone H3 lysine18 lactylation (H3K18la), and H4 lysine12 lactylation (H4K12la), were all increased in GV oocytes after Tfap2a overexpression. Collectively, Tfap2a overexpression upregulated p300, increased the levels of histone acetylation and lactylation, impeded spindle assembly and chromosome alignment, and ultimately hindered mouse oocyte meiosis.
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Wang J, Zhou Q, Ding J, Yin T, Ye P, Zhang Y. The Conceivable Functions of Protein Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination in Reproduction. Front Physiol 2022; 13:886261. [PMID: 35910557 PMCID: PMC9326170 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.886261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination with general existence in virtually all eukaryotic cells serves as a significant post-translational modification of cellular proteins, which leads to the degradation of proteins via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) can reverse the ubiquitination effect by removing the ubiquitin chain from the target protein. Together, these two processes participate in regulating protein stability, function, and localization, thus modulating cell cycle, DNA repair, autophagy, and transcription regulation. Accumulating evidence indicates that the ubiquitination/deubiquitination system regulates reproductive processes, including the cell cycle, oocyte maturation, oocyte-sperm binding, and early embryonic development, primarily by regulating protein stability. This review summarizes the extensive research concerning the role of ubiquitin and DUBs in gametogenesis and early embryonic development, which helps us to understand human pregnancy further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinli Ding
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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7
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Udagawa O, Kato-Udagawa A, Hirano S. Promyelocytic leukemia nuclear body-like structures can assemble in mouse oocytes. Biol Open 2022; 11:275379. [PMID: 35579421 PMCID: PMC9194678 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies (PML-NBs), a class of membrane-less cellular organelles, participate in various biological activities. PML-NBs are known as the core-shell-type nuclear body, harboring ‘client’ proteins in their core. Although multiple membrane-less organelles work in the oocyte nucleus, PML-NBs have been predicted to be absent from oocytes. Here, we show that some well-known PML clients (but not endogenous PML) co-localized with small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) protein in the nucleolus and peri-centromeric heterochromatin of maturing oocytes. In oocytes devoid of PML-NBs, endogenous PML protein localized in the vicinity of chromatin. During and after meiotic resumption, PML co-localized with SUMO gathering around chromosomes. To examine the benefit of the PML-NB-free intranuclear milieu in oocytes, we deliberately assembled PML-NBs by microinjecting human PML-encoding plasmids into oocytes. Under conditions of limited SUMO availability, assembled PML-NBs tended to cluster. Upon proteotoxic stress, SUMO delocalized from peri-centromeric heterochromatin and co-localized with SC35 (a marker of nuclear speckles)-positive large compartments, which was disturbed by pre-assembled PML-NBs. These observations suggest that the PML-NB-free intranuclear environment helps reserve SUMO for emergent responses by redirecting the flux of SUMO otherwise needed to maintain PML-NB dynamics. Summary: PML-NB-free intranuclear environment in the oocyte helps reserve SUMO for emergent responses by redirecting the flux of SUMO otherwise needed to maintain PML-NB dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Udagawa
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kato-Udagawa
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan
| | - Seishiro Hirano
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan
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8
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He M, Zhang T, Yang Y, Wang C. Mechanisms of Oocyte Maturation and Related Epigenetic Regulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654028. [PMID: 33842483 PMCID: PMC8025927 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiosis is the basis of sexual reproduction. In female mammals, meiosis of oocytes starts before birth and sustains at the dictyate stage of meiotic prophase I before gonadotropins-induced ovulation happens. Once meiosis gets started, the oocytes undergo the leptotene, zygotene, and pachytene stages, and then arrest at the dictyate stage. During each estrus cycle in mammals, or menstrual cycle in humans, a small portion of oocytes within preovulatory follicles may resume meiosis. It is crucial for females to supply high quality mature oocytes for sustaining fertility, which is generally achieved by fine-tuning oocyte meiotic arrest and resumption progression. Anything that disturbs the process may result in failure of oogenesis and seriously affect both the fertility and the health of females. Therefore, uncovering the regulatory network of oocyte meiosis progression illuminates not only how the foundations of mammalian reproduction are laid, but how mis-regulation of these steps result in infertility. In order to provide an overview of the recently uncovered cellular and molecular mechanism during oocyte maturation, especially epigenetic modification, the progress of the regulatory network of oocyte meiosis progression including meiosis arrest and meiosis resumption induced by gonadotropins is summarized. Then, advances in the epigenetic aspects, such as histone acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation related to the quality of oocyte maturation are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina He
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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9
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The role of SUMOylation during development. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:463-478. [PMID: 32311032 PMCID: PMC7200636 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During the development of multicellular organisms, transcriptional regulation plays an important role in the control of cell growth, differentiation and morphogenesis. SUMOylation is a reversible post-translational process involved in transcriptional regulation through the modification of transcription factors and through chromatin remodelling (either modifying chromatin remodelers or acting as a ‘molecular glue’ by promoting recruitment of chromatin regulators). SUMO modification results in changes in the activity, stability, interactions or localization of its substrates, which affects cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, DNA maintenance and repair or nucleocytoplasmic transport. This review focuses on the role of SUMO machinery and the modification of target proteins during embryonic development and organogenesis of animals, from invertebrates to mammals.
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Wang W, Shao S, Chen W, Wang W, Chuai Y, Li Y, Guo Y, Han S, Shu M, Wang Q, Zhang L, Shang W. Electrofusion Stimulation Is an Independent Factor of Chromosome Abnormality in Mice Oocytes Reconstructed via Spindle Transfer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:705837. [PMID: 34413830 PMCID: PMC8370092 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.705837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocytes reconstructed by spindle transfer (ST) are prone to chromosome abnormality, which is speculated to be caused by mechanical interference or premature activation, the mechanism is controversial. In this study, C57BL/6N oocytes were used as the model, and electrofusion ST was performed under normal conditions, Ca2+ free, and at room temperature, respectively. The effect of enucleation and electrofusion stimulation on MPF activity, spindle morphology, γ-tubulin localization and chromosome arrangement was compared. We found that electrofusion stimulation could induce premature chromosome separation and abnormal spindle morphology and assembly by decreasing the MPF activity, leading to premature activation, and thus resulting in chromosome abnormality in oocytes reconstructed via ST. Electrofusion stimulation was an independent factor of chromosome abnormality in oocytes reconstructed via ST, and was not related to enucleation, fusion status, temperature, or Ca2+. The electrofusion stimulation number should be minimized, with no more than 2 times being appropriate. As the electrofusion stimulation number increased, several typical abnormalities in chromosome arrangement and spindle assembly occurred. Although blastocyst culture could eliminate embryos with chromosomal abnormalities, it would significantly decrease the number of normal embryos and reduce the availability of embryos. The optimum operating condition for electrofusion ST was the 37°C group without Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Suxia Shao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weizhou Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhai Chuai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Guo
- Department of Biology, Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Art & Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Shujie Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Navy Clinical Medical School, Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qihang Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhang, ; Wei Shang,
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Navy Clinical Medical School, Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhang, ; Wei Shang,
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Xu D, Sun F, Bi J, Guan Y, Luo X, Chen X, Lv Y, Jin Y. Effects of E2 binding enzyme UBC9 on porcine oocyte maturation, apoptosis and embryo development. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1526-1534. [PMID: 32779215 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SUMOylation is a dynamic post-translational modification process. However, the function of small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) in the maturation of porcine oocytes and embryo growth is not well known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of E2 binding enzyme UBC9 on the expression of SUMO-1 protein during the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and embryo development after in vitro fertilization. Four groups were used: 0 (Control), 5, 10 and 15 µg/ml UBC9. Western blotting, flow cytometry and RT-qPCR were used to detect the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes, SUMO-1 content, viability and the expression of apoptotic genes. Compared to those in the control treatment, the maturation rate (p < .05) and viability (p < .01) of oocytes in the 5 μg/ml treatment group decreased significantly. SUMO-1 protein markers appeared at 59 and 71 kDa and the content of SUMO-1 protein in the 10 µg/ml treatment group decreased significantly (p < .05). In the expression of apoptosis-related genes, Bcl-2 gene expression was significantly downregulated in the 10 μg/ml treatment group (p < .05). However, Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly upregulated in the 5 μg/ml treatment group (p < .05). During embryonic development, the cleavage rate of oocytes in the 10 µg/ml treatment group was significantly reduced (p < .05), whereas blastocyst formation rate in the 5 µg/ml treatment group was significantly reduced. UBC9 regulates SUMO-1 content in mature pig oocytes in vitro, which affects oocyte maturation rate, viability, apoptotic genes expression and embryo development after fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Xu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Jilin city Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Fuliang Sun
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jing Bi
- College of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Yunfeng Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaotong Luo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yanqiu Lv
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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12
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Li H, You L, Tian Y, Guo J, Fang X, Zhou C, Shi L, Su Y. DPAGT1-Mediated Protein N-Glycosylation Is Indispensable for Oocyte and Follicle Development in Mice. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000531. [PMID: 32714760 PMCID: PMC7375233 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification of proteins by N-linked glycosylation is crucial for many life processes. However, the exact contribution of N-glycosylation to mammalian female reproduction remains largely undefined. Here, DPAGT1, the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of protein N-glycosylation, is identified to be indispensable for oocyte development in mice. Dpagt1 missense mutation (c. 497A>G; p. Asp166Gly) causes female subfertility without grossly affecting other functions. Mutant females ovulate fewer eggs owing to defective development of growing follicles. Mutant oocytes have a thin and fragile zona pellucida (ZP) due to the reduction in glycosylation of ZP proteins, and display poor developmental competence after fertilization in vitro. Moreover, completion of the first meiosis is accelerated in mutant oocytes, which is coincident with the elevation of aneuploidy. Mechanistically, transcriptomic analysis reveals the downregulation of a number of transcripts essential for oocyte meiotic progression and preimplantation development (e.g., Pttgt1, Esco2, Orc6, and Npm2) in mutant oocytes, which could account for the defects observed. Furthermore, conditional knockout of Dpagt1 in oocytes recapitulates the phenotypes observed in Dpagt1 mutant females, and causes complete infertility. Taken together, these data indicate that protein N-glycosylation in oocytes is essential for female fertility in mammals by specific control of oocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
| | - Liji You
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
| | - Xianbao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
| | - Chenmin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
| | - Lanying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
| | - You‐Qiang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Maternity and Child Health HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and DevelopmentFudan UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Model Animal ResearchNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166P. R. China
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13
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Newly Identified Regulators of Ovarian Folliculogenesis and Ovulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124565. [PMID: 32604954 PMCID: PMC7349727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Each follicle represents the basic functional unit of the ovary. From its very initial stage of development, the follicle consists of an oocyte surrounded by somatic cells. The oocyte grows and matures to become fertilizable and the somatic cells proliferate and differentiate into the major suppliers of steroid sex hormones as well as generators of other local regulators. The process by which a follicle forms, proceeds through several growing stages, develops to eventually release the mature oocyte, and turns into a corpus luteum (CL) is known as “folliculogenesis”. The task of this review is to define the different stages of folliculogenesis culminating at ovulation and CL formation, and to summarize the most recent information regarding the newly identified factors that regulate the specific stages of this highly intricated process. This information comprises of either novel regulators involved in ovarian biology, such as Ube2i, Phoenixin/GPR73, C1QTNF, and α-SNAP, or recently identified members of signaling pathways previously reported in this context, namely PKB/Akt, HIPPO, and Notch.
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14
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Rodriguez A, Briley SM, Patton BK, Tripurani SK, Rajapakshe K, Coarfa C, Rajkovic A, Andrieux A, Dejean A, Pangas SA. Loss of the E2 SUMO-conjugating enzyme Ube2i in oocytes during ovarian folliculogenesis causes infertility in mice. Development 2019; 146:dev.176701. [PMID: 31704792 PMCID: PMC6918767 DOI: 10.1242/dev.176701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The number and quality of oocytes within the ovarian reserve largely determines fertility and reproductive lifespan in mammals. An oocyte-specific transcription factor cascade controls oocyte development, and some of these transcription factors, such as newborn ovary homeobox gene (NOBOX), are candidate genes for primary ovarian insufficiency in women. Transcription factors are frequently modified by the post-translational modification SUMOylation, but it is not known whether SUMOylation is required for function of the oocyte-specific transcription factors or if SUMOylation is required in oocytes during their development within the ovarian follicle. To test this, the sole E2 SUMO-conjugating enzyme, Ube2i, was ablated in mouse oocytes beginning in primordial follicles. Loss of oocyte Ube2i resulted in female infertility with major defects in stability of the primordial follicle pool, ovarian folliculogenesis, ovulation and meiosis. Transcriptomic profiling of ovaries suggests that loss of oocyte Ube2i caused defects in both oocyte- and granulosa cell-expressed genes, including NOBOX and some of its known target genes. Together, these studies show that SUMOylation is required in the mammalian oocyte during folliculogenesis for both oocyte development and communication with ovarian somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Graduate Program in Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shawn M. Briley
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Graduate Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bethany K. Patton
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Graduate Program in Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Swamy K. Tripurani
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aleksander Rajkovic
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94134, USA
| | - Alexandra Andrieux
- Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis Unit, INSERM U993, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Dejean
- Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis Unit, INSERM U993, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Stephanie A. Pangas
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Graduate Program in Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Graduate Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Author for correspondence ()
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15
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Davis-Roca AC, Divekar NS, Ng RK, Wignall SM. Dynamic SUMO remodeling drives a series of critical events during the meiotic divisions in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007626. [PMID: 30180169 PMCID: PMC6138424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome congression and segregation in C. elegans oocytes depend on a complex of conserved proteins that forms a ring around the center of each bivalent during prometaphase; these complexes are then removed from chromosomes at anaphase onset and disassemble as anaphase proceeds. Here, we uncover mechanisms underlying the dynamic regulation of these ring complexes (RCs), revealing a strategy by which protein complexes can be progressively remodeled during cellular processes. We find that the assembly, maintenance, and stability of RCs is regulated by a balance between SUMO conjugating and deconjugating activity. During prometaphase, the SUMO protease ULP-1 is targeted to the RCs but is counteracted by SUMO E2/E3 enzymes; then in early anaphase the E2/E3 enzymes are removed, enabling ULP-1 to trigger RC disassembly and completion of the meiotic divisions. Moreover, we found that SUMO regulation is essential to properly connect the RCs to the chromosomes and then also to fully release them in anaphase. Altogether, our work demonstrates that dynamic remodeling of SUMO modifications facilitates key meiotic events and highlights how competition between conjugation and deconjugation activity can modulate SUMO homeostasis, protein complex stability, and ultimately, progressive processes such as cell division. Most cells have two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division where chromosomes are duplicated once and segregated twice, in order to generate eggs (oocytes) or sperm with only one copy of every chromosome. This is necessary so that fertilization will produce an embryo that once again contains two complete copies of the genome. Using C. elegans as a model system, we have uncovered regulatory mechanisms important for the fidelity of these meiotic divisions. C. elegans oocytes use a kinetochore-independent chromosome segregation mechanism that relies on a large protein complex that localizes to the chromosomes. These protein complexes facilitate chromosome congression during metaphase and then are released from chromosomes in anaphase and progressively disassemble as the chromosomes segregate. We find that the stability and disassembly of these complexes is regulated by a protein modification called SUMO and by competition between enzymes that localize to the protein complex to either add or remove SUMO modifications. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms by which SUMO and SUMO enzymes regulate progression through cell division and illustrate a general strategy by which large protein complexes can be rapidly assembled and disassembled during dynamic cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. Davis-Roca
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
| | - Nikita S. Divekar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
| | - Rachel K. Ng
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
| | - Sarah M. Wignall
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Feitosa WB, Morris PL. SUMOylation regulates germinal vesicle breakdown and the Akt/PKB pathway during mouse oocyte maturation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C115-C121. [PMID: 29669220 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00038.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
SUMOylation, a process of posttranslational modification of proteins by the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) family of proteins, is known to be involved in yeast and mammalian somatic cell-cycle regulation. However, the identities of the SUMO-modified oocyte targets are largely unknown and the functional role(s) for SUMOylation during mammalian oocyte maturation remains unclear. On the basis of studies in non-germline cells, protein kinase B/Akt is a potential SUMOylation target in the mouse oocyte, where it plays an essential role in cell-cycle resumption and progression during maturation. This study investigated the temporal patterns and prospective role(s) for interactions between SUMOylation and Akt serine-phosphorylation during oocyte meiotic resumption. Pharmacological inhibition of SUMOylation significantly decreased follicular fluid meiosis-activating sterol-induced cell-cycle resumption in oocytes matured in vitro and negatively affected the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Akt. Similarly, nuclear localization of cyclin D1, a downstream target of Akt activation, was significantly decreased following SUMOylation inhibition. Together these data show that SUMO and the posttranslational process of SUMOylation are involved in cell-cycle resumption during murine oocyte maturation and exert a regulatory influence on the Akt pathway during germinal vesicle breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia L Morris
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council , New York, New York.,The Rockefeller University , New York, New York
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17
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Tan S, Feng B, Yin M, Zhou HJ, Lou G, Ji W, Li Y, Min W. Stromal Senp1 promotes mouse early folliculogenesis by regulating BMP4 expression. Cell Biosci 2017; 7:36. [PMID: 28770041 PMCID: PMC5526272 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-017-0163-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian folliculogenesis, maturation of the ovarian follicles, require both growth factors derived from oocyte and surrounding cells, including stromal cells. However, the mechanism by which stromal cells and derived factors regulate oocyte development remains unclear. RESULTS We observed that SENP1, a small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO)-specific isopeptidase, was expressed in sm22α-positive stromal cells of mouse ovary. The sm22α-positive stromal cells tightly associated with follicle maturation. By using the sm22α-specific Cre system, we show that mice with a stromal cell-specific deletion of SENP1 exhibit attenuated stroma-follicle association, delayed oocyte growth and follicle maturation with reduced follicle number and size at early oocyte development, leading to premature ovarian failure at late stages of ovulating life. Mechanistic studies suggest that stromal SENP1 deficiency induces down-regulation of BMP4 in stromal cells concomitant with decreased expression of BMP4 receptor BMPR1b and BMPR2 on oocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our data support that protein SUMOylation-regulating enzyme SENP1 plays a critical role in early ovarian follicle development by regulating gene expression of BMP4 in stroma and stroma-oocyte communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Tan
- Department of Pathology and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA
| | - Boya Feng
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Department of Pathology and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA
| | - Huanjiao Jenny Zhou
- Department of Pathology and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, The Tumor Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weidong Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Yonghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Min
- Department of Pathology and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA.,Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
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18
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Xiao Y, Lucas B, Molcho E, Vigodner M. Cross-talk between sumoylation and phosphorylation in mouse spermatocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:640-645. [PMID: 28435066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The meiotic G2/M1 transition is mostly regulated by posttranslational modifications, however, the cross-talk between different posttranslational modifications is not well-understood, especially in spermatocytes. Sumoylation has emerged as a critical regulatory event in several developmental processes, including reproduction. In mouse oocytes, inhibition of sumoylation caused various meiotic defects and led to aneuploidy. However, the role of sumoylation in male reproduction has only begun to be elucidated. Given the important role of several SUMO targets (including kinases) in meiosis, in this study, the role of sumoylation was addressed by monitoring the G2/M1 transition in pachytene spermatocytes in vitro upon inhibition of sumoylation. Furthermore, to better understand the cross-talk between sumoylation and phosphorylation, the activity of several kinases implicated in meiotic progression was also assessed upon down-regulation of sumoylation. The results of the analysis demonstrate that inhibition of sumoylation with ginkgolic acid (GA) arrests the G2/M1 transition in mouse spermatocytes preventing chromosome condensation and disassembling of the synaptonemal complex. Our results revealed that the activity of PLK1 and the Aurora kinases increased during the G2/M1 meiotic transition, but was negatively regulated by the inhibition of sumoylation. In the same experiment, the activity of c-Abl, the ERKs, and AKT were not affected or increased after GA treatment. Both the AURKs and PLK1 appear to be "at the right place, at the right time" to at least, in part, explain the meiotic arrest obtained in the spermatocyte culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Xiao
- Department of Biology, Stern College, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Lucas
- Department of Biology, Stern College, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elana Molcho
- Department of Biology, Stern College, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margarita Vigodner
- Department of Biology, Stern College, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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19
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Pelisch F, Tammsalu T, Wang B, Jaffray EG, Gartner A, Hay RT. A SUMO-Dependent Protein Network Regulates Chromosome Congression during Oocyte Meiosis. Mol Cell 2017; 65:66-77. [PMID: 27939944 PMCID: PMC5222697 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
During Caenorhabditis elegans oocyte meiosis, a multi-protein ring complex (RC) localized between homologous chromosomes, promotes chromosome congression through the action of the chromokinesin KLP-19. While some RC components are known, the mechanism of RC assembly has remained obscure. We show that SUMO E3 ligase GEI-17/PIAS is required for KLP-19 recruitment to the RC, and proteomic analysis identified KLP-19 as a SUMO substrate in vivo. In vitro analysis revealed that KLP-19 is efficiently sumoylated in a GEI-17-dependent manner, while GEI-17 undergoes extensive auto-sumoylation. GEI-17 and another RC component, the kinase BUB-1, contain functional SUMO interaction motifs (SIMs), allowing them to recruit SUMO modified proteins, including KLP-19, into the RC. Thus, dynamic SUMO modification and the presence of SIMs in RC components generate a SUMO-SIM network that facilitates assembly of the RC. Our results highlight the importance of SUMO-SIM networks in regulating the assembly of dynamic protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Pelisch
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Triin Tammsalu
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Bin Wang
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Ellis G Jaffray
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Anton Gartner
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Ronald T Hay
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
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20
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Cao Y, Du J, Chen D, Wang Q, Zhang N, Liu X, Liu X, Weng J, Liang Y, Ma W. RNA- binding protein Stau2 is important for spindle integrity and meiosis progression in mouse oocytes. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2608-2618. [PMID: 27433972 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1208869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Staufen2 (Stau2) is a double-stranded RNA-binding protein involved in cell fate decision by regulating mRNA transport, mRNA stability, translation, and ribonucleoprotein assembly. Little is known about Stau2 expression and function in mammalian oocytes during meiosis. Herein we report the sub-cellular distribution and function of Stau2 in mouse oocyte meiosis. Western blot analysis revealed high and stable expression of Stau2 in oocytes from germinal vesicle (GV) to metaphase II (MII). Immunofluorescence showed that Stau2 was evenly distributed in oocytes at GV stage, and assembled as filaments after germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), particularly, colocalized with spindle at MI and MII. Stau2 was disassembled when microtubules were disrupted with nocodazole, on the other hand, when MTs were stabilized with taxol, Stau2 was not colocalized with the stabilized microtubules, but aggregated around the chromosomes array, indicating Stau2 assembly and colocalization with microtubules require both microtubule integrity and its normal dynamics. During interphase and mitosis of BHK and MEF cells, Stau2 was not distributed on microtubules, but colocalized with cis-Golgi marker GM130, implying its association with Golgi complex but not the spindle in fully differentiated somatic cells. Specific morpholino oligo-mediated Stau2 knockdown disrupted spindle formation, chromosome alignment and microtubule-kinetochore attachment in oocytes. The majority oocytes were arrested at MI stage, with bright MAD1 at kinetochores, indicating activation of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Some oocytes were stranded at telophase I (TI), implying suppressed first polar body extrution. Together these data demonstrate that Stau2 is required for spindle formation and timely meiotic progression in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cao
- a Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Juan Du
- a Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Dandan Chen
- a Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Qian Wang
- a Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Nana Zhang
- a Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- a Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- a Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Jing Weng
- b Experimental Center for Basic Medical Teaching, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Yuanjing Liang
- a Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Wei Ma
- a Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
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21
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Depletion of UBC9 Causes Nuclear Defects during the Vegetative and Sexual Life Cycles in Tetrahymena thermophila. EUKARYOTIC CELL 2015; 14:1240-52. [PMID: 26453653 DOI: 10.1128/ec.00115-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ubc9p is the sole E2-conjugating enzyme for SUMOylation, and its proper function is required for regulating key nuclear events such as transcription, DNA repair, and mitosis. In Tetrahymena thermophila, the genome is separated into a diploid germ line micronucleus (MIC) that divides by mitosis and a polyploid somatic macronucleus (MAC) that divides amitotically. This unusual nuclear organization provides novel opportunities for the study of SUMOylation and Ubc9p function. We identified the UBC9 gene and demonstrated that its complete deletion from both MIC and MAC genomes is lethal. Rescue of the lethal phenotype with a GFP-UBC9 fusion gene driven by a metallothionein promoter generated a cell line with CdCl2-dependent expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-Ubc9p. Depletion of Ubc9p in vegetative cells resulted in the loss of MICs, but MACs continued to divide. In contrast, expression of catalytically inactive Ubc9p resulted in the accumulation of multiple MICs. Critical roles for Ubc9p were also identified during the sexual life cycle of Tetrahymena. Cell lines that were depleted for Ubc9p did not form mating pairs and therefore could not complete any of the subsequent stages of conjugation, including meiosis and macronuclear development. Mating between cells expressing catalytically inactive Ubc9p resulted in arrest during macronuclear development, consistent with our observation that Ubc9p accumulates in the developing macronucleus.
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22
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Regulation of germ cell function by SUMOylation. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 363:47-55. [PMID: 26374733 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Oogenesis and spermatogenesis are tightly regulated complex processes that are critical for fertility. Germ cells undergo meiosis to generate haploid cells necessary for reproduction. Errors in meiosis, including the generation of chromosomal abnormalities, can result in reproductive defects and infertility. Meiotic proteins are regulated by post-translational modifications including SUMOylation, the covalent attachment of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins. Here, we review the role of SUMO proteins in controlling germ cell development and maturation based on recent findings from mouse models. Several studies have characterized the localization of SUMO proteins in male and female germ cells. However, a deeper understanding of how SUMOylation regulates proteins with essential roles in oogenesis and spermatogenesis will provide useful insight into the underlying mechanisms of germ cell development and fertility.
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