1
|
Zhang X, Zhang M, Li Y, Jiang Y. Comprehensive transcriptional analysis of early dorsal skin development in pigs. Gene 2024; 899:148141. [PMID: 38184019 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Porcine skin is similar to human skin in physiology, anatomy and histology and is often used as a model animal for human skin research. There are few studies on the transcriptome aspects of pig skin during the embryonic period. In this study, RNA sequencing was performed on the dorsal skin of Chenghua sows at embryonic day 56 (E56), embryonic day 76 (E76), embryonic day 105 (E105), and 3 days after birth (D3) to explore RNA changes in pig dorsal skin at four ages. A number of skin-related differential genes were identified by intercomparison between RNAs at four time points, and KEGG functional analysis showed that these differential genes were mainly enriched in metabolic and developmental, immune, and disease pathways, and the pathways enriched in GO analysis were highly overlapping. Collagen is an important part of the skin, with type I collagen making up the largest portion. In this study, collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) and collagen type I alpha 2 (COL1A2) were significantly upregulated at four time points. In addition, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and miRNA-circRNA coexpression networks were constructed. The data obtained may help to explain age-related changes in transcriptional patterns during skin development and provide further references for understanding human skin development at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujing Li
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Velez C, Williamson D, Cánovas ML, Giai LR, Rutland C, Pérez W, Barbeito CG. Changes in Immune Response during Pig Gestation with a Focus on Cytokines. Vet Sci 2024; 11:50. [PMID: 38275932 PMCID: PMC10819333 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigs have the highest percentage of embryonic death not associated with specific diseases of all livestock species, at 20-45%. During gestation processes, a series of complex alterations can arise, including embryonic migration and elongation, maternal immunological recognition of pregnancy, and embryonic competition for implantation sites and subsequent nutrition requirements and development. Immune cells and cytokines act as mediators between other molecules in highly complex interactions between various cell types. However, other non-immune cells, such as trophoblast cells, are important in immune pregnancy regulation. Numerous studies have shed light on the crucial roles of several cytokines that regulate the inflammatory processes that characterize the interface between the fetus and the mother throughout normal porcine gestation, but most of these reports are limited to the implantational and peri-implantational periods. Increase in some proinflammatory cytokines have been found in other gestational periods, such as placental remodeling. Porcine immune changes during delivery have not been studied as deeply as in other species. This review details some of the immune system cells actively involved in the fetomaternal interface during porcine gestation, as well as the principal cells, cytokines, and molecules, such as antibodies, that play crucial roles in sow pregnancy, both in early and mid-to-late gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Velez
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Santa Rosa 6300, Argentina; (C.V.); (D.W.); (L.R.G.)
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires 2690, Argentina;
| | - Delia Williamson
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Santa Rosa 6300, Argentina; (C.V.); (D.W.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Mariela Lorena Cánovas
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Santa Rosa 6300, Argentina; (C.V.); (D.W.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Laura Romina Giai
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Santa Rosa 6300, Argentina; (C.V.); (D.W.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Catrin Rutland
- Sutton Bonington Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - William Pérez
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Montevideo, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Claudio Gustavo Barbeito
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires 2690, Argentina;
- Laboratory of Descriptive, Comparative and Experimental Histology and Embriology (LHYEDEC), Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Plata (UNLP), La Plata 1900, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jamwal S, Jena MK, Tyagi N, Kancharla S, Kolli P, Mandadapu G, Kumar S, Mohanty AK. Proteomic Approaches to Unravel the Molecular Dynamics of Early Pregnancy in Farm Animals: An In-Depth Review. J Dev Biol 2023; 12:2. [PMID: 38248867 PMCID: PMC10801625 DOI: 10.3390/jdb12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a major problem in farm animals, which has a negative economic effect on farm industries. Infertility can be defined as the inability of animals to achieve a successful pregnancy. Early pregnancy is crucial to establish a successful pregnancy, and it is reported that 70-80% and 20-30% of total embryonic loss occur in cattle and pigs, respectively, during the first month of pregnancy. The advanced high-throughput proteomics techniques provide valuable tools for in-depth understanding of the implantation process in farm animals. In the present review, our goal was to compile, assess, and integrate the latest proteomic research on farm animals, specifically focused on female reproduction, which involves endometrial tissues, uterine fluids, oviductal fluids, and microRNAs. The series of studies has provided in-depth insights into the events of the implantation process by unfolding the molecular landscape of the uterine tract. The discussed data are related to pregnant vs. non-pregnant animals, pregnancy vs. oestrous cycle, different days of the early pregnancy phase, and animals with uterine infections affecting reproduction health. Some of the studies have utilized non-invasive methods and in vitro models to decipher the molecular events of embryo-maternal interaction. The proteomics data are valuable sources for discovering biomarkers for infertility in ruminants and new regulatory pathways governing embryo-uterine interaction, endometrium receptivity, and embryonic development. Here, we envisage that the identified protein signatures can serve as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers to develop new therapeutics against pregnancy diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Jamwal
- Proteomics and Structural Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India; (S.J.); (N.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Manoj Kumar Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India;
| | - Nikunj Tyagi
- Proteomics and Structural Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India; (S.J.); (N.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Sudhakar Kancharla
- Devansh Lab Werks, 234 Aquarius Drive, Homewood, AL 35209, USA; (S.K.); (G.M.)
| | - Prachetha Kolli
- Microgen Health Inc., 14225 Sullyfield Cir Suite E, Chantilly, VA 20151, USA;
| | - Gowtham Mandadapu
- Devansh Lab Werks, 234 Aquarius Drive, Homewood, AL 35209, USA; (S.K.); (G.M.)
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- Proteomics and Structural Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India; (S.J.); (N.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Ashok Kumar Mohanty
- ICAR–Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt 250001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kiezun M, Dobrzyn K, Kiezun J, Kaminski T, Smolinska N. Chemerin affects the expression of angiogenesis-related factors in the porcine endometrium during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle: an in vitro study. Reprod Fertil Dev 2023; 35:692-707. [PMID: 37955271 DOI: 10.1071/rd23148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The appropriate course of angiogenesis in the endometrium is crucial for pregnancy establishment and maintenance. Very little is known about the factors linking vessel formation and immune system functioning. AIMS We hypothesised that chemerin, an adipokine known for its involvement in the regulation of energy balance and immunological functions, may act as a potent regulator of endometrial angiogenesis during early pregnancy in pigs. METHODS Porcine endometrial tissue explants were obtained from pregnant pigs on days 10-11, 12-13, 15-16 and 27-28, and on days 10-12 of the oestrous cycle. The explants were in vitro cultured for 24h in the presence of chemerin (100, 200ng/mL) or in medium alone (control). We evaluated the in vitro effect of chemerin on the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factors A-D (VEGF-A-D), placental growth factor (PlGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and angiopoietin 1 and 2 (ANG-1, ANG-2) with the ELISA method. The protein abundance of angiogenesis-related factor receptors, VEGF receptors 1-3 (VEGFR1-3), FGF receptors 1 and 2 (FGFR1-2) and ANG receptor (TIE2) was evaluated with the Western blot (WB) method. We also analysed the influence of chemerin on the phosphorylation of AMPK using WB. KEY RESULTS We found that in the studied endometrial samples, chemerin up-regulated the secretion of VEGF-A, VEGF-B and PlGF, and protein expression of VEGFR3. The adipokine caused a decrease in VEGF-C, VEGF-D and ANG-1 release. Chemerin effect on bFGF and ANG-2 secretion, and protein content of VEGFR1, VEGFR2, FGFR1, FGFR2 and TIE2 were dependent on the stage of pregnancy. Chemerin was found to down-regulate AMPK phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS The obtained in vitro results suggest that chemerin could be an important factor in the early pregnant uterus by its influence on angiogenic factors' secretion and signalling. IMPLICATIONS The obtained results on the role of chemerin in the process of endometrial angiogenesis may, in the long term perspective, contribute to the elaboration of more effective methods of modifying reproductive processes and maintaining energy homeostasis in farm animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Street 5, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Jacek Kiezun
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska St. 30, Olsztyn 10-082, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo XR, Ma Y, Ma ZM, Dai TS, Wei SH, Chu YK, Dan XG. Exosomes: The role in mammalian reproductive regulation and pregnancy-related diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1056905. [PMID: 36969587 PMCID: PMC10036776 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1056905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a kind of extracellular vesicles that are produced and secreted by different mammalian cells. They serve as cargo proteins and can transfer different kinds of biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which consequently act on target cells to exert different biological effects. Recent years have witnessed a significant increase in the number of studies on exosomes due to the potential effects of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and immune disorders. Previous studies have demonstrated that exosomal contents, especially miRNAs, are implicated in numerous physiological processes such as reproduction, and are crucial regulators of mammalian reproduction and pregnancy-related diseases. Here, we describe the origin, composition, and intercellular communication of exosomes, and discuss their functions in follicular development, early embryonic development, embryonic implantation, male reproduction and development of pregnancy-related diseases in humans and animals. We believe this study will provide a foundation for revealing the mechanism of exosomes in regulating mammalian reproduction, and providing new approaches and ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Ru Guo
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yun Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zi-Ming Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Tian-Shu Dai
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Shi-Hao Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yuan-Kui Chu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan-Kui Chu, ; Xin-Gang Dan,
| | - Xin-Gang Dan
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan-Kui Chu, ; Xin-Gang Dan,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tan B, Zhou C, Zang X, Zhao X, Xiao L, Zeng J, Hong L, Wu Z, Gu T. Integrated Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression in Porcine Placental Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065169. [PMID: 36982243 PMCID: PMC10049215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper placental development is crucial for the conceptus to grow and survive, because the placenta is responsible for transporting nutrients and oxygen from the pregnant female to the developing fetus. However, the processes of placental morphogenesis and fold formation remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA sequencing to produce a global map of DNA methylation and gene expression changes in placentas from Tibetan pig fetuses 21, 28, and 35 days post-coitus. Substantial changes in morphology and histological structures at the uterine-placental interface were revealed via hematoxylin-eosin staining. Transcriptome analysis identified 3959 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and revealed the key transcriptional properties in three stages. The DNA methylation level in the gene promoter was negatively correlated with gene expression. We identified a set of differentially methylated regions associated with placental developmental genes and transcription factors. The decrease in DNA methylation level in the promoter was associated with the transcriptional activation of 699 DEGs that were functionally enriched in cell adhesion and migration, extracellular matrix remodeling, and angiogenesis. Our analysis provides a valuable resource for understanding the mechanisms of DNA methylation in placental development. The methylation status of different genomic regions plays a key role in establishing transcriptional patterns from placental morphogenesis to fold formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Tan
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xupeng Zang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xinming Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liyao Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiekang Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Linjun Hong
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ting Gu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Placental Malfunction, Fetal Survival and Development Caused by Sow Metabolic Disorder: The Impact of Maternal Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020360. [PMID: 36829919 PMCID: PMC9951909 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The energy and metabolic state of sows will alter considerably over different phases of gestation. Maternal metabolism increases dramatically, particularly in late pregnancy. This is accompanied by the development of an increase in oxidative stress, which has a considerable negative effect on the maternal and the placenta. As the only link between the maternal and the fetus, the placenta is critical for the maternal to deliver nutrients to the fetus and for the fetus' survival and development. This review aimed to clarify the changes in energy and metabolism in sows during different pregnancy periods, as well as the impact of maternal oxidative stress on the placenta, which affects the fetus' survival and development.
Collapse
|
8
|
Vélez C, Clauzure M, Williamson D, Koncurat MA, Barbeito C. IFN-γ and IL-10: seric and placental profile during pig gestation Seric and placental cytokines in pig gestation. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20201160. [PMID: 37075349 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320201160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Concentration of interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 in maternal serum and in maternal and fetal porcine placental extracts from different gestation periods was determined. Crossbred pigs' placental samples of 17, 30, 60, 70, and 114 days gestation and non-pregnant uteri were used. Interferon-gamma concentration was increased at the placental interface at 17 days, in maternal and fetal placenta, and decreased significantly in the remaining gestation periods. Interferon-gamma showed a peak in serum at 60 days. Regarding interleukin-10, placental tissue concentrations were unaltered, there were no significant differences with non-gestating uteri samples. In serum interleukin-10 increased at 17, 60, and 114 days gestation. At 17 days there are uterus structural and molecular changes that allow the embryos implantation and placenta development. The presence of interferon-gamma found at this moment in the interface would favor that placental growth. Moreover, its significant increase in serum at 60 days, would generate a proinflammatory cytokine pattern that facility the placental remodeling characteristic of this moment of porcine gestation. On the other hand, a significant interleukin-10 increase in serum at 17, 60 and 114 days could indicate its immunoregulatory role at a systemic level during pig gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Vélez
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Calle 5, 116, General Pico, 6360 La Pampa, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariángeles Clauzure
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Calle 5, 116, General Pico, 6360 La Pampa, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Delia Williamson
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Calle 5, 116, General Pico, 6360 La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Mirta A Koncurat
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Calle 5, 116, General Pico, 6360 La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Claudio Barbeito
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Descriptive, Comparative and Experimental Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Science, National University of La Plata, Av. 60, 118, B1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ssc-miR-92b-3p Regulates Porcine Trophoblast Cell Proliferation and Migration via the PFKM Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416138. [PMID: 36555776 PMCID: PMC9784024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation, the pivotal stage of gestation, is fundamentally dependent on synchronous embryonic development and uterine receptivity. In the early gestation period, the uterus and conceptus secrete growth factors, cytokines, and hormones to promote implantation. Circulating exosomal miRNAs are potential indicators of normal or complicated gestation. Our previous study revealed that pregnant sows' serum exosomes had upregulated miR-92b-3p expression compared to non-pregnant sows, and that the expression level progressively increased during early gestation. The present study's findings indicate that, compared to the ninth day of the estrous cycle (C9), pregnant sows had upregulated miR-92b-3p expression in the endometrium and embryos during the implantation stage ranging from day 9 to day 15 of gestation. Additionally, our results demonstrate that miR-92b-3p promotes the proliferation and migration of Porcine Trophoblast Cells (PTr2). Dual-Luciferase Reporter (DLR) gene assay, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and Western blotting (WB) confirmed the bioinformatics prediction that phosphofructokinase-M (PFKM) serves as a target gene of miR-92b-3p. Notably, interference of PFKM gene expression markedly promoted PTr2 proliferation and migration. Furthermore, mice with downregulated uterine miR-92b-3p expression had smaller rates of successful embryo implantation. In summary, miR-92b-3p putatively modulates embryo implantation by promoting PTr2 proliferation and migration via its target gene PFKM.
Collapse
|
10
|
Dubey P, Batra V, Sarwalia P, Nayak S, Baithalu R, Kumar R, Datta TK. miR-1246 is implicated as a possible candidate for endometrium remodelling facilitating implantation in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Vet Med Sci 2022; 9:443-456. [PMID: 36282011 PMCID: PMC9857007 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microRNAs (miRs) secreted by the trophectoderm (TE) cells have recently been implicated in the conceptus-endometrial cross talk during implantation and placentation. These miRs modulate various cellular processes during conception and throughout the pregnancy by regulating the gene expression in the foetal and maternal tissues. OBJECTIVES This study was undertaken to elucidate the function of TE secreted miRNAs in the maternal-foetal cross-talk during implantation/placentation in buffalo. METHODS The in vitro produced blastocysts were cultured on a cumulus feeder layer for 21 days. The relative expression profiles of a selected panel of miRs was generated using the spent media collected on Days 0, 7, 12, 16, and 21. A custom-designed mirVana™ miRNA mimic was used to transfect the endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) in order to determine the role of miRNA exhibiting highest expression on Days 21 and 21. RESULTS The expression of miR-1246 (p < 0.001) and let-7b (p < 0.01) was found to be significantly higher on Day 21 of TE culture in comparison to the control (Day 0). This elevated expression indicated the involvement of these miRs in the maternal-foetal cross-talk. Interestingly, after the transfection of EECs with miRNA mimic for miR-1246 (a novel molecule vis-à-vis implantation), the expression of beta-catenin and mucin1 in these cells was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated vis-à-vis the control, that is, the IFN-τ primed EECs (before transfection). CONCLUSIONS The TE secreted miR-1246 appeared to lower the expression of the endometrial receptivity genes (mucin1 and beta-catenin) which apparently assists the endometrium in preparing for placentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha Dubey
- Animal Genomiccs Lab, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalIndia,Department of Biological SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchMohaliIndia
| | - Vipul Batra
- Animal Genomiccs Lab, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalIndia
| | - Parul Sarwalia
- Animal Genomiccs Lab, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalIndia
| | - Samiksha Nayak
- Animal Genomiccs Lab, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalIndia
| | - Rubina Baithalu
- Animal Genomiccs Lab, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalIndia
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Animal Genomiccs Lab, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalIndia
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- Animal Genomiccs Lab, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalIndia,ICAR‐Central Institute for Research on BuffaloesHisarHaryanaIndia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Adiponectin affects uterine steroidogenesis during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle: An in vitro study. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 245:107067. [PMID: 36113273 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction in females is an energetically demanding process. We assumed that adiponectin (ADPN), known for its role in energy balance maintenance, is also engaged in the regulation of uterine steroidogenesis in the pig. We determined the impact of ADPN alone or in combination with insulin (INS) on testosterone (T), estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) secretion by porcine endometrium and myometrium, uterine expression of CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 genes, and endometrial abundance of P450C17 and P450AROM proteins during the peri-implantation period and the oestrous cycle, using radioimmunoassay, qPCR, and Western Blot, respectively. During pregnancy, in the endometrial explants from days 10-11, ADPN decreased CYP17A1 gene expression, P450C17 protein abundance and T secretion, whereas increased E1 secretion. On days 12-13 of pregnancy, ADPN decreased CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 expression, P450C17 and P450AROM protein abundance and E1 secretion, but stimulated T secretion. On days 15-16 of pregnancy, ADPN decreased P450C17 protein accumulation but enhanced CYP19A3 expression and E1 secretion. On days 27-28 of pregnancy, ADPN increased CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 mRNA content and T secretion in this tissue and decreased P450C17 content. ADPN effect on myometrial explants was dependent on stage of gestation or oestrous cycle. Moreover, INS treatment modulated basal and ADPN-affected steroidogenic enzymes gene and protein expression and steroids secretion. The results obtained indicate that ADPN may affect processes required for successful implantation such as steroidogenesis. ADPN and INS were also shown to modulate each other action, which indicates that the proper course of uterine steroidogenesis may be dependent on both hormones' interaction.
Collapse
|
12
|
Parrilla I, Gil MA, Cuello C, Cambra JM, Gonzalez‐Plaza A, Lucas X, Vazquez JL, Vazquez JM, Rodriguez‐Martinez H, Martinez EA. Immunological uterine response to pig embryos before and during implantation. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57 Suppl 5:4-13. [PMID: 35500162 PMCID: PMC9790529 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of a successful pregnancy can only occur through a concerted functioning of the entire female reproductive system, allowing for fertilization, subsequent embryo development and implantation of the conceptus. In this context, the uterine immunological responses responsible for rejection or tolerance of the conceptus are of critical importance. The aim of the present review is to summarize our current knowledge about those cellular and molecular immunological events occurring at the uterine level during pre-implantation and implantation stages of pregnancy in the pig. Advancing our understanding of the immune mechanisms involved in the success or failure of pregnancy will provide cues to develop novel strategies augmenting endometrial receptivity, finally increasing the efficiency of assisted reproductive technologies in pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Parrilla
- Department of Medicine and Animal SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB‐Arrixaca)El Palmar, MurciaSpain
| | - Maria Antonia Gil
- Department of Medicine and Animal SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB‐Arrixaca)El Palmar, MurciaSpain
| | - Cristina Cuello
- Department of Medicine and Animal SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB‐Arrixaca)El Palmar, MurciaSpain
| | - Josep M. Cambra
- Department of Medicine and Animal SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB‐Arrixaca)El Palmar, MurciaSpain
| | - Alejandro Gonzalez‐Plaza
- Department of Medicine and Animal SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB‐Arrixaca)El Palmar, MurciaSpain
| | - Xiomara Lucas
- Department of Medicine and Animal SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB‐Arrixaca)El Palmar, MurciaSpain
| | - Jose L. Vazquez
- Department of Medicine and Animal SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB‐Arrixaca)El Palmar, MurciaSpain
| | - Juan M. Vazquez
- Department of Medicine and Animal SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB‐Arrixaca)El Palmar, MurciaSpain
| | | | - Emilio A. Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Animal SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB‐Arrixaca)El Palmar, MurciaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pseudorabies Virus: From Pathogenesis to Prevention Strategies. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081638. [PMID: 36016260 PMCID: PMC9414054 DOI: 10.3390/v14081638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies (PR), also called Aujeszky’s disease (AD), is a highly infectious viral disease which is caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV). It has been nearly 200 years since the first PR case occurred. Currently, the virus can infect human beings and various mammals, including pigs, sheep, dogs, rabbits, rodents, cattle and cats, and among them, pigs are the only natural host of PRV infection. PRV is characterized by reproductive failure in pregnant sows, nervous disorders in newborn piglets, and respiratory distress in growing pigs, resulting in serious economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Due to the extensive application of the attenuated vaccine containing the Bartha-K61 strain, PR was well controlled. With the variation of PRV strain, PR re-emerged and rapidly spread in some countries, especially China. Although researchers have been committed to the design of diagnostic methods and the development of vaccines in recent years, PR is still an important infectious disease and is widely prevalent in the global pig industry. In this review, we introduce the structural composition and life cycle of PRV virions and then discuss the latest findings on PRV pathogenesis, following the molecular characteristic of PRV and the summary of existing diagnosis methods. Subsequently, we also focus on the latest clinical progress in the prevention and control of PRV infection via the development of vaccines, traditional herbal medicines and novel small RNAs. Lastly, we provide an outlook on PRV eradication.
Collapse
|
14
|
Differential MicroRNA Expression in Porcine Endometrium Related to Spontaneous Embryo Loss during Early Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158157. [PMID: 35897733 PMCID: PMC9331794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Litter size is an important indicator to measure the production capacity of commercial pigs. Spontaneous embryo loss is an essential factor in determining sow litter size. In early pregnancy, spontaneous embryo loss in porcine is as high as 20–30% during embryo implantation. However, the specific molecular mechanism underlying spontaneous embryo loss at the end of embryo implantation remains unknown. Therefore, we comprehensively used small RNA sequencing technology, bioinformatics analysis, and molecular experiments to determine the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile in the healthy and arresting embryo implantation site of porcine endometrium on day of gestation (DG) 28. A total of 464 miRNAs were identified in arresting endometrium (AE) and healthy endometrium (HE), and 139 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were screened. We combined the mRNA sequencing dataset from the SRA database to predict the target genes of these miRNAs. A quantitative real-time PCR assay identified the expression levels of miRNAs and mRNAs. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed on differentially expressed target genes of DEMs, mainly enriched in epithelial development and amino acids metabolism-related pathways. We performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and the dual-luciferase report gene assay to confirm miRNA and predicted target gene binding. miR-205 may inhibit its expression by combining 3′-untranslated regions (3′ UTR) of tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 (TINAGL1). The resulting inhibition of angiogenesis in the maternal endometrium ultimately leads to the formation of arresting embryos during the implantation period. This study provides a reference for the effect of miRNA on the successful implantation of pig embryos in early gestation.
Collapse
|
15
|
Martinez CA, Alvarez-Rodriguez M, Rodriguez-Martinez H. A decreased expression of interferon stimulated genes in peri-implantation endometrium of embryo transfer recipient sows could contribute to embryo death. Animal 2022; 16:100590. [PMID: 35843191 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pig pregnancy succeeds thanks to a well-coordinated system ruling both maternal immune activation and embryonic antigen tolerance. In physiological pregnancies, the maternal immune system should tolerate the presence of hemi-allogeneic conceptuses from the pre-implantation phase to term, while maintaining maternal defence against pathogens. Allogeneic pregnancies, as after embryo transfer (ET), depict high embryo mortality during the attachment phase, calling for studies of the dynamic modifications in immune processes occurring at the maternal-foetal interface, for instance, of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs). These ISGs are generally activated by IFN secreted by the conceptus during the process of maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) and responsible for recruiting immune cells to the site of embryo attachment, thus facilitating cell-antigen presentation and angiogenesis. We performed RNA-Seq analysis in peri-implantation (days 18 and 24) endometrial samples retrieved from artificially inseminated sows (hemi-allogeneic embryos (HAL) group) or sows subjected to ET (allogeneic embryos (AL) group) to monitor alterations of gene expression that could be jeopardising early pregnancy. Our results showed that endometrial gene expression patterns related to immune responses differed between hemi- or allogeneic embryo presence, with allogeneic embryos apparently inducing conspicuous modifications of immune-related genes and pathways. A decreased expression (P < 0.05; FC < -2) of several interferon ISGs, such as CXCL8, CXCL10, IRF1, IRF9, STAT1, and B2M, among others was detected in the endometrium of sows carrying allogeneic embryos on day 24 of pregnancy. This severe downregulation of ISGs in allogeneic pregnancies could represent a failure of ET-embryos to signal IFN to the endometrium to warrant the development of adequate immunotolerance mechanisms to facilitate embryo development, thus contributing to elevated embryo death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - M Alvarez-Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - H Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Martinez CA, Rodriguez‐Martinez H. Context is key: Maternal immune responses to pig allogeneic embryos. Mol Reprod Dev 2022. [PMCID: PMC9542102 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Successful establishment of pregnancy includes the achievement of a state of immune tolerance toward the embryos (and placenta), where the well‐coordinated maternal immune system is capable of recognizing conceptus antigens while maintaining maternal defense against pathogens. In physiological pregnancies, following natural mating or artificial insemination (AI), the maternal immune system is exposed to the presence of hemi‐allogeneic embryos, that is, embryos containing maternal self‐antigens and foreign antigens from the paternal side. In this scenario, the hemi‐allogeneic embryo is recognized by the mother, but the immune system is locally modified to facilitate embryo implantation and pregnancy progression. Pig allogeneic pregnancies (with embryos containing both paternal and maternal material foreign to the recipient female), occur during embryo transfer (ET), with conspicuously high rates of embryonic death. Mortality mainly occurs during the peri‐attachment phase, suggesting that immune responses to allogeneic embryos are more complex and less efficient, hindering the conceptuses to survive to term. Reaching a similar maternal tolerance as in conventional breeding would render ET successful. The present review critically summarizes mechanisms of maternal immune recognition of pregnancy and factors associated with impaired maternal immune response to the presence of allogeneic embryos in the porcine species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina A. Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Linköping University Linköping Sweden
| | - Heriberto Rodriguez‐Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Linköping University Linköping Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gurunathan S, Kang MH, Song H, Kim NH, Kim JH. The role of extracellular vesicles in animal reproduction and diseases. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:62. [PMID: 35681164 PMCID: PMC9185900 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized membrane-enclosed compartments that serve as messengers in cell-to-cell communication, both in normal physiology and in pathological conditions. EVs can transfer functional proteins and genetic information to alter the phenotype and function of recipient cells, which undergo different changes that positively affect their structural and functional integrity. Biological fluids are enriched with several subpopulations of EVs, including exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), and apoptotic bodies carrying several cargoes, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. EVs associated with the reproductive system are actively involved in the regulation of different physiological events, including gamete maturation, fertilization, and embryo and fetal development. EVs can influence follicle development, oocyte maturation, embryo production, and endometrial-conceptus communication. EVs loaded with cargoes are used to diagnose various diseases, including pregnancy disorders; however, these are dependent on the type of cell of origin and pathological characteristics. EV-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins in the placenta regulate inflammatory responses and trophoblast invasion through intercellular delivery in the placental microenvironment. This review presents evidence regarding the types of extracellular vesicles, and general aspects of isolation, purification, and characterization of EVs, particularly from various types of embryos. Further, we discuss EVs as mediators and messengers in reproductive biology, the effects of EVs on placentation and pregnancy disorders, the role of EVs in animal reproduction, in the male reproductive system, and mother and embryo cross-communication. In addition, we emphasize the role of microRNAs in embryo implantation and the role of EVs in reproductive and therapeutic medicine. Finally, we discuss the future perspectives of EVs in reproductive biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Nam Hyung Kim
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang L, Zhou C, Jiang X, Huang S, Li Y, Su T, Wang G, Zhou Y, Liu M, Xu D. Circ0001470 Acts as a miR-140-3p Sponge to Facilitate the Progression of Embryonic Development through Regulating PTGFR Expression. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111746. [PMID: 35681442 PMCID: PMC9179393 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic implantation and development are vital in early pregnancy and assisted reproduction. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the two physiological processes and thus regulate animal reproduction. However, their specific regulatory functions and mechanisms remain unclear. Here, a novel circ0001470, originating from the porcine GRN gene, differentially expressed on day 18 versus day 32 of gestation in Meishan and Yorkshire pigs was screened. The circularization characteristic of circ0001470 was identified based on divergent primer amplification, Sanger sequencing, RNase digestion, and RNA nuclear-cytoplasmic fractionation. Functionally, circ0001470 can promote cell proliferation and cycle progression of endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) and also inhibit apoptosis of EECs using CCK-8 assays and flow cytometry analyses. Mechanistically, bioinformatics database prediction, luciferase screening, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA-pull down, and FISH co-localization experiments revealed that the circ0001470 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) through sponging miR-140-3p to regulate downstream PTGFR expression. Moreover, in vivo assays revealed that mmu_circGRN promoted embryonic development by affecting the expression of PTGFR, which can activate the MAPK reproduction pathway and facilitate pregnancy maintenance. This study enriched our understanding of circRNAs in embryo implantation and development by deciding the fate of EECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Changfan Zhou
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuntao Huang
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yiheng Li
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Tao Su
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guowei Wang
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - You Zhou
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Min Liu
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dequan Xu
- Colleges of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.J.); (S.H.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (G.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hua R, Liu Q, Lian W, Gao D, Huang C, Lei M. Transcriptome regulation of extracellular vesicles derived from porcine uterine flushing fluids during peri-implantation on endometrial epithelial cells and embryonic trophoblast cells. Gene 2022; 822:146337. [PMID: 35182676 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular vesicles (EVs) in uterine fluids play a vital role in embryo implantation by mediating intrauterine communication between conceptus and maternal endometrium in pigs. However, the regulatory mechanism of EVs in uterine fluids is largely unclear. In order to understand the effect of EVs in uterine flushing fluids (UFs) during embryo implantation on endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) and embryonic trophoblast cells (PTr2 cells). The UFs-EVs on day 13 of pregnancy (D13) were added to the culture medium of EECs and PTr2 cells. It was found that PKH-67 labeled UFs-EVs could be taken up in EECs and PTr2 cells. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that a total of 1793 and 6279 genes were differentially expressed in the EECs and PTr2 cells after the treatment of UFs-EVs on D13, respectively. Among these genes, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results indicated that ID2, ITGA5, CXCL10 and CXCL11 genes were differentially expressed in both EECs and PTr2 cells after treatment. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the differentially expressed (DE) genes in EECs and PTr2 cells after treatment are involved in immune regulation, cell migration, cell adhesion and the secretion and uptake of EVs. Our research offers novel insight into the regulation mechanism of UFs-EVs on D13 in EECs and PTr2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renwu Hua
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China
| | - Qiaorui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Weisi Lian
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Dengying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Minggang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China; National Engineering Research Center for Livestock, Wuhan 430000, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, 430000 Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Orzechowska K, Kopij G, Paukszto L, Dobrzyn K, Kiezun M, Jastrzebski J, Kaminski T, Smolinska N. Chemerin effect on transcriptome of the porcine endometrium during implantation determined by RNA-sequencing†. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:557-573. [PMID: 35349661 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the body's metabolism and reproduction are closely related. Chemerin is one of many biologically active proteins secreted by the adipose tissue involved in the regulation of the energy homeostasis of the organism. In the present study, RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed to investigate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and alternatively spliced (AS) transcripts in the cultured in vitro porcine endometrium exposed to chemerin for 24 hours (CHEM; 400 ng/ml) collected during the implantation period (15 to 16 days of gestation). High-throughput sequencing of transcriptomes was performed on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform (Illumina, USA). In the current study, among all 130 DEGs, 58 were up-regulated and were 72 down-regulated in the CHEM-treated group. DEGs were assigned to 73 functional annotations. Twelve identified lncRNAs indicated a difference in the expression profile after CHEM administration. Additionally, we detected 386 differentially AS events encompassed 274 protein-coding genes and 2 lncRNAs. All AS events were divided into 5 alternative splicing types: alternative 3' splice site (A3SS), 5' splice site (A5SS), mutually exclusive exons (MXE), retention intron (RI), and skipping exon (SE). Within all AS events, we identified 42 A3SS, 43 A5SS, 53 MXE, 9 RI, and 239 SE. In summary, CHEM affects the transcriptomic profile of the porcine endometrium, controlling the expression of numerous genes, including those involved in the cell migration and adhesion, angiogenesis, inflammation, and steroidogenesis. It can be assumed that CHEM may be an important factor for a proper course of gestation and embryo development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Orzechowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lukasz Paukszto
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Jastrzebski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Effect of a Single Intrauterine Dose of Human Recombinant Galectin-1 Buffered on Pregnancy Rate in Inseminated Cows. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030419. [PMID: 35327611 PMCID: PMC8946135 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of exogenous galectin-1 in improving the pregnancy rate in inseminated cows, comparing the pregnancy rate of the two groups (treatment and control Groups) into 107 contemporary groups (YG) established. An ultrasound exam determined the pregnancy rate performed 25 to 35 days after the fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) of breeding beef cows (n = 3469). The pregnancy rate of cows that received a single dose of eGAL-1 (200 ± 10 µg), with an intrauterine administration (n = 1901), was compared with the pregnancy rate of cows inseminated using a conventional AI protocol (n = 1568), both comparing into the same YG. YGs were created considering the grouping of cows belonging to the same farm, with the same nutritional score and management, inseminated by the same inseminator and semen batch, and using the same estrus synchronization protocol). The statistical method used calculated the probability of obtaining pregnancy within each group. The administration of a single dose of eGAL-1 can increase the probability of obtaining pregnancy in beef cows by up to 8.68% (p < 0.0001), suggesting that a single dose of eGAL-1 during the FTAI procedure was reasonable in the beef cattle AI routine and can improve the pregnancy rate considerably.
Collapse
|
22
|
Tan C, Huang Z, Xiong W, Ye H, Deng J, Yin Y. A review of the amino acid metabolism in placental function response to fetal loss and low birth weight in pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:28. [PMID: 35232472 PMCID: PMC8889744 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The fertility of sows mainly depends on the embryo losses during gestation and the survival rate of the post-farrowing piglets. The selection of highly-prolific sows has been mainly focused on the selection of genotypes with high ovulatory quota. However, in the early- and post-implantation stages, the rate of embryo losses was increased with the increase of zygotes. Among the various factors, placental growth and development is the vital determinant for fetal survival, growth, and development. Despite the potential survival of fetuses with deficient placental development, their life-conditions and growth can be damaged by a process termed intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The newborn piglets affected by IUGR are prone to increased morbidity and mortality rates; meanwhile, the growth, health and welfare of the surviving piglets will remain hampered by these conditions, with a tendency to exacerbate with age. Functional amino acids such as glycine, proline, and arginine continue to increase with the development of placenta, which are not only essential to placental growth (including vascular growth) and development, but can also be used as substrates for the production of glutathione, polyamines and nitric oxide to benefit placental function in many ways. However, the exact regulation mechanism of these amino acids in placental function has not yet been clarified. In this review, we provide evidence from literature and our own work for the role and mechanism of dietary functional amino acids during pregnancy in regulating the placental functional response to fetal loss and birth weight of piglets. This review will provide novel insights into the response of nutritionally nonessential amino acids (glycine and proline) to placental development as well as feasible strategies to enhance the fertility of sows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengquan Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenyu Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongxuan Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinping Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yulong Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sell-Kubiak E. Selection for litter size and litter birthweight in Large White pigs: Maximum, mean and variability of reproduction traits. Animal 2021; 15:100352. [PMID: 34534762 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gradually increasing trend of litter size poses a challenge to pig farmers in terms of managing larger litters. Therefore, it seems that a balanced approach that optimises litter size, litter birthweight, and uniformity of those traits is needed in order to address animal welfare and farm management concerns. This study aimed to investigate this issue by defining several traits for total number born (TNB), number born alive (NBA) and litter birthweight (LW). First, the highest value from at least five records per sow was selected as maximum (max) value for each reproduction trait. Second, a mean (mean) for each reproduction trait was calculated per sow. Last, the variability of reproduction traits between parities of the sow was calculated as log-transformed variance of residuals of all observations per sow for each reproduction trait (LnVar). In total, 23 193 Large White sows from Topigs Norsvin with 152 282 litter records were used for analysis in ASReml 4.1. Also, a simulation of breeding schemes was performed with the use of SelAction 2.1 and estimates from genetic analysis. Maximum value of reproductive traits had a much higher heritability than repeated observations or mean of reproduction traits, e.g., 0.31 for maxTNB vs. 0.12 for TNB and 0.07 for meanTNB, which allows for a faster response under selection. The maximum value traits, however, were found to carry more risks, i.e. higher ratio of stillborn (not for maxNBA) and increased variability of traits. Thus, using them in breeding programme should be carefully considered. The genetic coefficient of variation on SD level estimated to indicate the genetic magnitude for variability phenotypes indicated a maximum change of 6-9% in genetic SD of TNB, NBA and LW. The genetic correlations between mean and corresponding variability traits varied from 0.66 to 0.74, whereas the correlation between other mean and variability traits ranged from 0.33 to 0.99. The simulation indicated that even with selection targeted against the variability of reproduction traits, a very limited change should be expected due to a complex genetic and phenotypic relationship between the traits. In the scenarios with selection against LnVarTNB and LnVarLW, this was a decrease of 0.1-0.6% per year, whereas in scenario with selection against LnVarNBA, the range was 0.6-1.1% per year. It is still possible to increase litter size and birthweight further, however, a balance between mean and variability of reproduction traits is required, which can be obtained only by a very well designed breeding programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Sell-Kubiak
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Molecular Characterisation of Uterine Endometrial Proteins during Early Stages of Pregnancy in Pigs by MALDI TOF/TOF. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136720. [PMID: 34201586 PMCID: PMC8267828 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism underlying embryonic implantation is vital to understand the correct communications between endometrium and developing conceptus during early stages of pregnancy. This study’s objective was to determine molecular changes in the uterine endometrial proteome during the preimplantation and peri-implantation between 9 days (9D), 12 days (12D), and 16 days (16D) of pregnant Polish Large White (PLW) gilts. 2DE-MALDI-TOF/TOF and ClueGOTM approaches were employed to analyse the biological networks and molecular changes in porcine endometrial proteome during maternal recognition of pregnancy. A total of sixteen differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified using 2-DE gels and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Comparison between 9D and 12D of pregnancy identified APOA1, CAPZB, LDHB, CCT5, ANXA4, CFB, TTR upregulated DEPs, and ANXA5, SMS downregulated DEPs. Comparison between 9D and 16D of pregnancy identified HP, APOA1, ACTB, CCT5, ANXA4, CFB upregulated DEPs and ANXA5, SMS, LDHB, ACTR3, HP, ENO3, OAT downregulated DEPs. However, a comparison between 12D and 16D of pregnancy identified HP, ACTB upregulated DEPs, and CRYM, ANXA4, ANXA5, CAPZB, LDHB, ACTR3, CCT5, ENO3, OAT, TTR down-regulated DEPs. Outcomes of this study revealed key proteins and their interactions with metabolic pathways involved in the recognition and establishment of early pregnancy in PLW gilts.
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang S, Wu P, Wang K, Ji X, Chen D, Jiang A, Liu Y, Xiao W, Jiang Y, Zhu L, Xu X, Li M, Li X, Tang G. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Genes and Pathways Associated with Mummify Piglets. Genome 2021; 64:1029-1040. [PMID: 34139142 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2021-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
China is the country with the largest pork consumption in the world. However, the incidence of high mummify piglets (3-5%) is one of the important factors that cause the slow improvement of pig reproductive capacity, and the genetic mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to identify candidate genes related to high mummify piglets. RNA-seq technology was used to comparative transcriptome profiling of blood from high piglets mummified and healthy sow at different stages of pregnancy (35d, 56d, 77d and 98d). A total of 137 to 420 DEGs were detected in each stage. Seven differentially expressed genes were significantly differentially expressed at various stages. IL-9R, TLR8, ABLIM3, FSH-α, ASCC1, PRKCZ, and GCK may play an important role in course of mummify piglets. The differential genes we identified between the groups were mainly enriched in immune and inflammation regulation, and others were mainly enriched in reproduction. Considering the function of candidate genes, IL-9R and TLR8 were suggested as the most promising candidate genes involved in mummify piglet traits. We speculate that during pregnancy, it may be the combined effects of the above-mentioned inflammation, immune response, and reproduction-related signal pathways that affect the occurrence of mummifying piglets, and further affect pig reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Wang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Pingxian Wu
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Kai Wang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Xiang Ji
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Dong Chen
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Anan Jiang
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Yihui Liu
- Sichuan Animal Husbandry Station, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Weihang Xiao
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China;
| | - Li Zhu
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Xu Xu
- Sichuan Provincial Animal Husbandry and Food Bureau, 177358, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Xuewei Li
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Guoqing Tang
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rendón Abad M, Serra V, Gámiz P, de Los Santos JM, Remohí J, Navarro AT, de Los Santos MJ. The influence of oxygen concentration during embryo culture on obstetric and neonatal outcomes: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:2017-2025. [PMID: 32772073 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does oxygen concentration during 3-day embryo culture affect obstetric and neonatal outcomes? SUMMARY ANSWER Oxygen concentration during 3-day embryo culture does not seem to affect the obstetric and neonatal outcomes measured. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Atmospheric oxygen appears to be harmful during extended embryo culture. Embryo culture conditions might therefore be a potential risk factor for subsequent fetal development and the health of future children. No data are available concerning the obstetrics and neonatal outcomes after Day 3 transfer of embryos cultured under reduced and atmospheric oxygen tensions. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A secondary analysis of a previous randomized controlled trial assessing clinical pregnancy outcomes was carried out. This analysis included 1125 consecutive oocyte donation cycles utilizing ICSI or IVF and Day 3 embryo transfers between November 2009 and April 2012. The whole cohort of donated oocytes from patients who agreed to participate in the study were randomly allocated (1:1 ratio) to a reduced O2 tension group (6% O2) or an air-exposed group (20% O2) based on a computer-generated randomization list. Fresh and vitrified oocytes were used for oocyte donation. Only those pregnancies with a live birth at or beyond 24 weeks of gestation were included. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Day 3 embryos were cultured in an atmosphere of 5.5% CO2, 6% O2, 88.5% N2 versus a dual gas system in air. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE From the eligible 1125 cycles, 564 were allocated to the 6% O2 group and 561 cycles to the 20% O2 group. However, 50 and 62 cycles did not reach embryo transfer in the 6% and 20% O2 groups, respectively. No differences were found between 6% O2 and atmospheric O2 tension in the number of livebirths per embryo transfer (mean ± SD, 0.5 ± 0.7 versus 0.5 ± 0.7), pregnancy complications or neonatal outcomes. Both groups (6% and atmospheric O2) had similar single and twin delivery rates (40.8% versus 38.1% and 10.7% versus 12.3%, respectively). Preterm delivery rates and very preterm delivery rates (10.80% versus 13.24% and 1.25% versus 2.94%, respectively), birthweight (3229 ± 561 g versus 3154 ± 731 g), low birthweight (2.92% versus 2.45%), birth height (50.18 ± 2.41 cm versus 49.7 ± 3.59 cm), head circumference (34.16 ± 1.87 cm versus 33.09 ± 1.85 cm) and 1 min Apgar scores (8.96 ± 0.87 versus 8.89 ± 0.96) were also similar between 6% and atmospheric O2 groups, respectively. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The number of liveborns finally analyzed is still small and not all obstetric and neonatal variables could be evaluated. Furthermore, a small proportion of the obstetric and neonatal data was obtained through a questionnaire filled out by the patients themselves. One reason for the lack of effect of oxygen concentration on pregnancy outcome could be the absence of trophectoderm cells at cleavage stage, which may make Day 3 embryos less susceptible to hypoxic conditions. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Nowadays many IVF laboratories use a more physiological oxygen concentration for embryo culture. However, the benefits of using low oxygen concentration on both laboratory and clinical outcomes during embryo culture are still under debate. Furthermore, long-term studies investigating the effect of using atmospheric O2 are also needed. Gathering these type of clinical data is indeed, quite relevant from the safety perspective. The present data show that, at least in egg donation cycles undergoing Day 3 embryo transfers, culturing embryos under atmospheric oxygen concentration seems not to affect perinatal outcomes. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The present project was supported by the R + D program of the Regional Valencian Government, Spain (IMPIVA IMDTF/2011/214). The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest with respect to the content of this manuscript. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01532193.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rendón Abad
- OBGYN Department, School of Medicine, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Serra
- OBGYN Department, School of Medicine, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain.,In Vitro Fertilization Laboratory, IVIRMA Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Gámiz
- In Vitro Fertilization Laboratory, IVIRMA Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Maria de Los Santos
- OBGYN Department, School of Medicine, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain.,In Vitro Fertilization Laboratory, IVIRMA Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Josè Remohí
- OBGYN Department, School of Medicine, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain.,In Vitro Fertilization Laboratory, IVIRMA Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfredo T Navarro
- IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria José de Los Santos
- OBGYN Department, School of Medicine, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain.,In Vitro Fertilization Laboratory, IVIRMA Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Norseeda W, Liu G, Teltathum T, Supakankul P, Sringarm K, Naraballobh W, Khamlor T, Chomdej S, Nganvongpanit K, Krutmuang P, Mekchay S. Association of IL-4 and IL-4R Polymorphisms with Litter Size Traits in Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041154. [PMID: 33920608 PMCID: PMC8073830 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The IL-4 and IL-4R cytokine genes are responsible for immune response in the reproductive system and are related to embryonic implantation and fetal survival during pregnancy in females. However, to date, their effects on litter size traits in pigs have been not elucidated. Therefore, the present study was conducted to verify the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R polymorphisms and assess how they affect litter size traits in commercial pigs. The findings suggested that the porcine IL-4 g.134993898T > C and IL-4R c.1577A > T polymorphisms were associated with the litter size traits. Therefore, the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R genes may be potentially effective genetic markers to improve the litter size traits in pigs. Abstract The interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) are cytokines that are involved in the immune and reproductive systems. This study aimed to verify the polymorphisms in the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R genes and to assess their effects on litter size traits in commercial pigs. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R genes were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. A non-coding SNP of IL-4 g.134993898T > C and a non-synonymous SNP of IL-4R c.1577A > T (amino acid change at position 526, Q526L) were found to be segregating in Landrace sows. The IL-4 g.134993898T > C polymorphism was significantly associated with the number of piglets weaned alive (NWA) trait. The IL-4R c.1577A > T polymorphism was significantly associated with the number born alive (NBA) and NWA traits. Moreover, the accumulation of favorable alleles of these two SNP markers revealed significant associations with the NBA, NWA, and mean weight of piglets at weaning (MWW) traits. These findings indicate that the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R genes may contribute to the reproductive traits of pigs and could be used as candidate genes to improve litter size traits in the pig breeding industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Worrarak Norseeda
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.)
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Guisheng Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
- Hubei Key Lab for Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Tawatchai Teltathum
- Mae Hong Son Livestock Research and Breeding Center, Mae Hong Son 58000, Thailand;
| | - Pantaporn Supakankul
- Division of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand;
| | - Korawan Sringarm
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.)
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Watcharapong Naraballobh
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.)
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Trisadee Khamlor
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.)
| | - Siriwadee Chomdej
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Korakot Nganvongpanit
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Supamit Mekchay
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.)
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Intrauterine Infusion of TGF-β1 Prior to Insemination, Alike Seminal Plasma, Influences Endometrial Cytokine Responses but Does Not Impact the Timing of the Progression of Pre-Implantation Pig Embryo Development. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10020159. [PMID: 33671276 PMCID: PMC7923199 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Seminal plasma (SP) in the female genital tract induces changes that affect multiple reproductive processes. One of the active components in SP is the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), which has major roles in embryo development and pregnancy. Embryo transfer (ET) technology is welcomed by the pig industry provided that embryo quality at embryo collection as well as the fertility and prolificacy of the recipients after the ET is increased. This study evaluated different intrauterine infusion treatments at estrus (40 mL of SP, TGF-β1 cytokine in the extender, or the extender alone (control)) by mimicking an ET scenario in so-called "donor" (inseminated) and "recipient" (uninseminated) sows. On day 6 (day 0-onset of estrus), all "donors" were laparotomized to determine their pregnancy status (presence and developmental stage of the embryos). In addition, endometrial explants were collected from pregnant "donors" and cyclic "recipients," incubated for 24 h, and analyzed for cytokine production. SP infusions (unlike TGF-β1 infusions) positively influenced the developmental stage of day 6 embryos. Infusion treatments differentially influenced the endometrial cytokine production, mainly in donors. We concluded that SP infusions prior to AI not only impacted the porcine preimplantation embryo development but also influenced the endometrial cytokine production six days after treatment, both in donors and recipients.
Collapse
|
29
|
Małopolska MM, Tuz R, Schwarz T, Ekanayake LD, D'Ambrosio J, Ahmadi B, Nowicki J, Tomaszewska E, Grzesiak M, Bartlewski PM. Correlates of reproductive tract anatomy and uterine histomorphometrics with fertility in swine. Theriogenology 2021; 165:44-51. [PMID: 33611173 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Economic potential of the swine industry hinges upon the reproductive performance of sows, which may be enhanced by improving uterine capacity, a component trait of litter size and piglet productivity. Previous attempts at characterizing morphological traits indicative of high uterine volume have not been completely successful, resulting in the continued need for a reliable method of predicting reproductive value to improve production efficiency of the sow. Hence, the main objective of this study was to scrutinize macro- and micro-morphology of the sow's reproductive tract for quantitative correlations with fertility indices. Reproductive records from Polish Landrace × Polish Large White sows were used to examine the associations between fertility and ovarian/uterine morphology (n = 34) or uterine histomorphometry (n = 10). Several measures related to the ovary, including right and left ovarian weight (r = 0.50, p = 0.005 and r = 0.49, p = 0.006, respectively), were positively correlated with the litter size, while left ovarian number of corpora lutea (r = -0.38, p = 0.04) was negatively correlated with the mean litter size. Analysis of histomorphological characteristics of the uterine wall collected during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle revealed correlations between mean litter size and myometrial vascular content (r = 0.75, p = 0.03), the proportion of myometrial stroma (r = -0.68, p = 0.03), and the variability of endometrial thickness (r = -0.72, p = 0.02) in sows. Eight ovarian, vaginal and uterine characteristics were significantly correlated with mean lifetime numbers of live born and stillborn piglets/litter or the last litter size before slaughter. In conclusion, several anatomical and histomorphological metrics that relate to reproductive performance of swine may be used to inform production protocols and as a tool for selection of elite breeding sows, warranting future research into non-invasive or minimally invasive techniques for obtaining such measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martyna M Małopolska
- Department of Pig Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 1 Krakowska St., 32-083, Balice n, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Tuz
- Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-120, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Schwarz
- Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-120, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Lochi-Don Ekanayake
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd., Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Jessica D'Ambrosio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd., Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Bahareh Ahmadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd., Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Jacek Nowicki
- Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-120, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Grzesiak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 9 Gronostajowa St., 30-387, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Pawel M Bartlewski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd., Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Block LN, Bowman BD, Schmidt JK, Keding LT, Stanic AK, Golos TG. The promise of placental extracellular vesicles: models and challenges for diagnosing placental dysfunction in utero†. Biol Reprod 2021; 104:27-57. [PMID: 32856695 PMCID: PMC7786267 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring the health of a pregnancy is of utmost importance to both the fetus and the mother. The diagnosis of pregnancy complications typically occurs after the manifestation of symptoms, and limited preventative measures or effective treatments are available. Traditionally, pregnancy health is evaluated by analyzing maternal serum hormone levels, genetic testing, ultrasonographic imaging, and monitoring maternal symptoms. However, researchers have reported a difference in extracellular vesicle (EV) quantity and cargo between healthy and at-risk pregnancies. Thus, placental EVs (PEVs) may help to understand normal and aberrant placental development, monitor pregnancy health in terms of developing placental pathologies, and assess the impact of environmental influences, such as infection, on pregnancy. The diagnostic potential of PEVs could allow for earlier detection of pregnancy complications via noninvasive sampling and frequent monitoring. Understanding how PEVs serve as a means of communication with maternal cells and recognizing their potential utility as a readout of placental health have sparked a growing interest in basic and translational research. However, to date, PEV research with animal models lags behind human studies. The strength of animal pregnancy models is that they can be used to assess placental pathologies in conjunction with isolation of PEVs from fluid samples at different time points throughout gestation. Assessing PEV cargo in animals within normal and complicated pregnancies will accelerate the translation of PEV analysis into the clinic for potential use in prognostics. We propose that appropriate animal models of human pregnancy complications must be established in the PEV field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey N Block
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brittany D Bowman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jenna Kropp Schmidt
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Logan T Keding
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Aleksandar K Stanic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Thaddeus G Golos
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Al-Gubory KH, Garrel C. Diet Supplementation with Pomegranate Peel Improves Embryonic Survival in a Mouse Model of Early Pregnancy Loss. J Diet Suppl 2020; 19:243-258. [PMID: 33356673 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1865499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The peel of pomegranate fruit is a rich source of polyphenolic compounds with powerful antioxidant properties. We evaluated the therapeutic potential of pomegranate peel (PP) in the prevention of early pregnancy loss in a mouse model of embryonic mortality and abortion (female CBA/J x male DBA/2). CBA/J mice were divided into 3 groups: mice in control group (CONT group) were fed a standard diet, whereas mice in groups 2 and 3 were fed a standard diet supplemented with 1% PP (PP1% group) and 5% PP (PP5% group), respectively. All the mice were fed their diets for 10 days before mating and continued with the same diets for a further 14 days after mating. At day 14 of pregnancy the female mice were sacrificed and the placentas and maternal livers were harvested for measurement of the content of thiols and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as biomarkers of oxidative stress, and the enzymatic activities of total superoxide dismutase (TSOD), copper/zinc SOD (SOD1), manganese SOD (SOD2), selenium glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR). Diet supplemented with 5% PP improved embryonic survival and reduced embryonic mortality from 28.2% (CONT) to 8.5% (PP5%). This was accompanied by increased activities of placental TSOD, SOD1 and SOD2, and thiol content. Diet supplemented with 5% PP also reduced placental oxidative stress as demonstrated by a decrease of placental TBARS content. This study highlights the potential of interventions with PP-supplemented diet before and during early pregnancy, in order to ameliorate embryonic survival and prevent early pregnancy loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaïs H Al-Gubory
- Department of Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems, National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Garrel
- Department of Biochemistry, Toxicology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biology and Pathology, University Hospital Center of Grenoble, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Progesterone Receptor Membrane Components: Key Regulators of Fetal Membrane Integrity†. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:430-444. [PMID: 33048109 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-pregnancy hormone progesterone (P4) helps to maintain a quiescent status of uterine tissues during gestation. However, P4's functional role in maintaining fetal membrane (amniochorion) integrity remains unclear. P4 functions through its membrane receptors (PGRMCs) as fetal membrane cells lack nuclear receptors. This study screened the differential expression of PGRMCs in the fetal membranes and tested P4-PGRMC interactions under normal and oxidative stress (OS) conditions expected that can disrupt P4-PGRMC interactions impacting fetal membrane stability resulting in parturition. Human fetal membranes were collected from term and preterm deliveries (N = 5). Immunohistochemistry and western blot localized and determined differential expression of P4 receptors. Primary amnion epithelial (AEC), mesenchymal (AMCs), and chorion cell were treated with P4 alone or cotreat (P4 + OS induced by cigarette smoke extract [CSE]). Proximity ligation assay (PLA) documented P4-receptor binding, while P4 ELISA documented culture supernatant levels. Immunohistology confirmed lack of nuclear PRs; however, confirmed expressions of PGRMC 1 and 2. Term labor (P = 0.01) and preterm rupture (P = 0.01) are associated with significant downregulation of PGRMC2. OS induced differential downregulation of PGRMCs in both amnion and chorion cells (all P < 0.05) and downregulates P4 release (AMCs; P = 0.01). The PLA showed preferential receptor-ligand binding in amnion and chorion cells. Co-treatment of P4 + CSE did not reverse CSE-induced effects. In conclusion, P4-PGRMCs interaction maintains fetal membranes' functional integrity throughout pregnancy. Increased OS reduces endogenous P4 production and cell type-dependent downregulation of PGRMCs. These changes can lead to fetal membrane-specific 'functional progesterone withdrawal', contributing to the dysfunctional fetal membrane status seen at term and preterm conditions.
Collapse
|
33
|
Goryszewska E, Kaczynski P, Baryla M, Waclawik A. Pleiotropic role of prokineticin 1 in the porcine endometrium during pregnancy establishment and embryo implantation †. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:181-196. [PMID: 32997136 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of endometrial receptivity for embryo implantation is one of the crucial processes during pregnancy and is induced mainly by progesterone and enhanced by conceptus signals. Prokineticin 1 (PROK1) is characterized as a secretory protein with diverse functions in various tissues, including the reproductive tract. PROK1, with its receptor PROKR1, are up-regulated in the porcine endometrium during implantation and in women's receptive endometrium and decidua. However, the function of PROK1 in embryo-maternal communication has still not been fully elucidated. Hence, we hypothesize that PROK1 is involved in endometrial receptivity development and implantation in pigs. In this study, using the porcine in vivo model of intrauterine infusions of estradiol-17β (E2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), we revealed that these hormones elevated endometrial expression of PROK1 and PROKR1 mRNA, respectively. Moreover, E2, acting synergistically with PGE2, increased PROKR1 protein expression. We also evidenced that PROK1-PROKR1 signaling induced expression of following genes and/or proteins CCN2, CDH13, FGF2, NFATC2, ANGPT1, ANGPT2, CDH1, MUC4, SPP1, IFNG, IL6, LIF, LIFR, TNF, TGFB3, and FGF9, as well as phosphorylation of PTK2 and secretion of IL6 and IL11 by endometrial explants in vitro. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that functions associated with the PROK1-regulated genes/proteins include cell-to-cell contact, cell attachment, migration and viability, differentiation of epithelial tissue, leukocyte migration, inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis. Summarizing, our study suggests that PROK1 acts pleiotropically as an embryonic signal mediator that regulates endometrial receptivity by increasing the expression of the genes and proteins involved in implantation and pregnancy establishment in pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Goryszewska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Piotr Kaczynski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Baryla
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Waclawik
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Złotkowska A, Andronowska A. Modulatory effect of chemokines on porcine endometrial stromal and endothelial cells. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 72:106475. [PMID: 32371294 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endometrium undergoes cyclical changes during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. These alterations are controlled by various factors, including cytokines. The present study aimed to screen the effect of several chemokines (CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL12) on endometrial stromal and endothelial cells. Real-time PCR analysis revealed mRNA expression of all examined chemokines and their receptors in primary stromal cells and undetectable levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCR3 in endothelial cells. Immunocytochemical staining showed variable distribution of chemokine receptors in stromal and endothelial cells. All examined chemokines enhanced stromal cell proliferation, and CCL2 and CXCL12 also increased the migratory potential of these cells. The evaluation of a possible indirect effect of chemokines on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis demonstrated that CXCL12 may potentially negatively affect lymphatic vessel creation. Downregulation of VEGFC mRNA and protein expression was noticed after CXCL12 stimulation. Among all examined chemokines, CCL4 and CCL8 positively affected the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. The number of capillary-like structures was significantly reduced after CXCL8, CXCL10, and CXCL12 stimulation. In conclusion, among all examined chemokines, CCL2 is thought to act as the modulator of stromal cell functions, whereas CCL4 and CCL8 are suggested to be potent factors directly stimulating blood vessel creation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Złotkowska
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - A Andronowska
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Acuña F, Barbeito CG, Portiansky EL, Ranea G, Nishida F, Miglino MA, Flamini MA. Early and natural embryonic death in
Lagostomus maximus
: Association with the uterine glands, vasculature, and musculature. J Morphol 2020; 281:710-724. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Acuña
- Laboratorio de Histología y Embriología Descriptiva, Experimental y Comparada, Cátedra de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata (LHYEDEC‐FCV‐UNLP) La Plata Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CCT La Plata Argentina
| | - Claudio G. Barbeito
- Laboratorio de Histología y Embriología Descriptiva, Experimental y Comparada, Cátedra de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata (LHYEDEC‐FCV‐UNLP) La Plata Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CCT La Plata Argentina
| | - Enrique L. Portiansky
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CCT La Plata Argentina
- Laboratorio de Análisis de Imágenes, Cátedra de Patología General Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata (LAI‐FCV‐UNLP) La Plata Argentina
| | - Guadalupe Ranea
- Laboratorio de Histología y Embriología Descriptiva, Experimental y Comparada, Cátedra de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata (LHYEDEC‐FCV‐UNLP) La Plata Argentina
| | - Fabian Nishida
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CCT La Plata Argentina
- Laboratorio de Análisis de Imágenes, Cátedra de Patología General Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata (LAI‐FCV‐UNLP) La Plata Argentina
| | - María A. Miglino
- Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaUniversidad de San Paulo San Pablo Brazil
| | - Mirta A. Flamini
- Laboratorio de Histología y Embriología Descriptiva, Experimental y Comparada, Cátedra de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata (LHYEDEC‐FCV‐UNLP) La Plata Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Transcriptomic and ChIP-seq Integrative Analysis Reveals Important Roles of Epigenetically Regulated lncRNAs in Placental Development in Meishan Pigs. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11040397. [PMID: 32268606 PMCID: PMC7230623 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of the placental fold, which increases the maternal–fetal interacting surface area, is of primary importance for the growth of the fetus throughout the whole pregnancy. However, the mechanisms involved remain to be fully elucidated. Increasing evidence has revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of RNAs with regulatory functions and could be epigenetically regulated by histone modifications. In this study, 141 lncRNAs (including 73 up-regulated and 68 down-regulated lncRNAs) were identified to be differentially expressed in the placentas of pigs during the establishment and expanding stages of placental fold development. The differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes (DElncRNA-DEgene) co-expression network analysis revealed that these differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were mainly enriched in pathways of cell adhesion, cytoskeleton organization, epithelial cell differentiation and angiogenesis, indicating that the DElncRNAs are related to the major events that occur during placental fold development. In addition, we integrated the RNA-seq (RNA sequencing) data with the ChIP-seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing) data of H3K4me3/H3K27ac produced from the placental samples of pigs from the two stages (gestational days 50 and 95). The analysis revealed that the changes in H3K4me3 and/or H3K27ac levels were significantly associated with the changes in the expression levels of 37 DElncRNAs. Furthermore, several H3K4me3/H3K27ac-lncRNAs were characterized to be significantly correlated with genes functionally related to placental development. Thus, this study provides new insights into understanding the mechanisms for the placental development of pigs.
Collapse
|
37
|
Martinez CA, Rubér M, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Alvarez-Rodriguez M. Pig Pregnancies after Transfer of Allogeneic Embryos Show a Dysregulated Endometrial/Placental Cytokine Balance: A Novel Clue for Embryo Death? Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040554. [PMID: 32260537 PMCID: PMC7226322 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pig embryo transfer (ET) is burdened by high embryo mortality, with cytokines playing a significant role in recruitment of immune cells during embryo attachment and placentation. We hereby tested if their levels in endometrium and placenta from sows carrying hemi-allogeneic (artificially inseminated sows; C+ positive control) or allogeneic embryos (sows subjected to ET; ET) during peri-implantation (D18) or post-implantation (D24) are suitable mirrors of embryo rejection or tolerance after ET. Non-pregnant sows (C-) were used as negative controls. A set of cytokines was assayed in the tissues through multiplexed microsphere-based flow cytometry (Luminex xMAP, Millipore. USA). Fewer (58.7%. p < 0.003) conceptuses were recovered at D24 after ET compared to C+ (80.9%); with more than 20% of the ET conceptuses being developmentally delayed. Cytokine levels shifted during implantation. Anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in ET sows compared to C+ at D24 of pregnancy. The C+ controls (carrying hemi-allogeneic embryos) consistently showed higher levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 cytokines at D18 and IL-1α at D24, compared to the ET group. This clear dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in sows subjected to ET could be associated with an impaired maternal immune tolerance, explaining the high embryonic mortality of ET programs.
Collapse
|
38
|
The Neuropathic Itch Caused by Pseudorabies Virus. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9040254. [PMID: 32244386 PMCID: PMC7238046 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9040254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alphaherpesvirus related to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1). PRV is the causative agent of Aujeskzy’s disease in swine. PRV infects mucosal epithelium and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) of its host where it can establish a quiescent, latent infection. While the natural host of PRV is the swine, a broad spectrum of mammals, including rodents, cats, dogs, and cattle can be infected. Since the nineteenth century, PRV infection is known to cause a severe acute neuropathy, the so called “mad itch” in non-natural hosts, but surprisingly not in swine. In the past, most scientific efforts have been directed to eradicating PRV from pig farms by the use of effective marker vaccines, but little attention has been given to the processes leading to the mad itch. The main objective of this review is to provide state-of-the-art information on the mechanisms governing PRV-induced neuropathic itch in non-natural hosts. We highlight similarities and key differences in the pathogenesis of PRV infections between non-natural hosts and pigs that might explain their distinctive clinical outcomes. Current knowledge on the neurobiology and possible explanations for the unstoppable itch experienced by PRV-infected animals is also reviewed. We summarize recent findings concerning PRV-induced neuroinflammatory responses in mice and address the relevance of this animal model to study other alphaherpesvirus-induced neuropathies, such as those observed for VZV infection.
Collapse
|
39
|
Integrated Analysis of miRNA-mRNA Network Reveals Different Regulatory Patterns in the Endometrium of Meishan and Duroc Sows during Mid-Late Gestation. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030420. [PMID: 32138165 PMCID: PMC7143271 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Meishan pigs have a lower fetal loss rate during mid-late gestation compared to Duroc pigs. Differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs detected in endometrial tissue from Meishan and Duroc sows at mid-late gestation are involved in regulating hormone and oxygen levels, blood vessel development, and developmental processes affecting reproduction. In addition, ssc-miR-503 and ssc-miR-671-5p were shown to target the EGF and ESR1 genes, respectively. These findings provided an important resource for studying embryonic mortality during mid-late gestation in pigs. Abstract Embryo loss is a major factor affecting profitability in the pig industry. Embryonic mortality occurs during peri-implantation and mid-late gestation in pigs. Previous investigations have shown that the embryo loss rate in Meishan pigs is significantly lower than in commercial breeds. Most studies have focused on embryonic mortality during early gestation, but little is known about losses during mid-late gestation. In this study, we performed a transcriptome analysis of endometrial tissue in mid-late gestation sows (gestation days 49 and 72) sampled from two breeds (Meishan (MS) and Duroc (DU)) that have different embryo loss rates. We identified 411, 1113, 697, and 327 differentially expressed genes, and 14, 36, 57, and 43 differentially expressed miRNAs in four comparisons (DU49 vs. DU72, DU49 vs. MS49, DU72 vs. MS72, and MS49 vs. MS72), respectively. Subsequently; seven differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were validated using qPCR. Functional analysis suggested the differentially expressed genes and miRNAs target genes mainly involved in regulation of hormone levels, blood vessel development, developmental process involved in reproduction, embryonic placenta development, and the immune system. A network analysis of potential miRNA-gene interactions revealed that differentially expressed miRNAs in Meishan pigs are involved in the response to estradiol and oxygen levels, and affect angiogenesis and blood vessel development. The binding site on ssc-miR-503 for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the binding site on ssc-miR-671-5p for estrogen receptor α (ESR1) were identified using a dual luciferase assay. The results of this study will enable further exploration of miRNA-mRNA interactions important in pig pregnancy and will help to uncover molecular mechanisms affecting embryonic mortality in pigs during mid-late gestation.
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang K, Yang K, Xu Q, Liu Y, Li W, Bai Y, Wang J, Ding C, Liu X, Tang Q, Luo Y, Zheng J, Wu K, Fang M. Protein expression profiles in Meishan and Duroc sows during mid-gestation reveal differences affecting uterine capacity, endometrial receptivity, and the maternal-fetal Interface. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:991. [PMID: 31847802 PMCID: PMC6918595 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryonic mortality is a major concern in the commercial swine industry and primarily occurs early in gestation, but also during mid-gestation (~ days 50-70). Previous reports demonstrated that the embryonic loss rate was significant lower in Meishan than in commercial breeds (including Duroc). Most studies have focused on embryonic mortality in early gestation, but little is known about embryonic loss during mid-gestation. RESULTS In this study, protein expression patterns in endometrial tissue from Meishan and Duroc sows were examined during mid-gestation. A total of 2170 proteins were identified in both breeds. After statistical analysis, 70 and 114 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in Meishan and Duroc sows, respectively. Between Meishan and Duroc sows, 114 DEPs were detected at day 49, and 98 DEPs were detected at day 72. Functional enrichment analysis revealed differences in protein expression patterns in the two breeds. Around half of DEPs were more highly expressed in Duroc at day 49 (DUD49), relative to DUD72 and Meishan at day 49 (MSD49). Many DEPs appear to be involved in metabolic process such as arginine metabolism. Our results suggest that the differences in expression affect uterine capacity, endometrial matrix remodeling, and maternal-embryo cross-talk, and may be major factors influencing the differences in embryonic loss between Meishan and Duroc sows during mid-gestation. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed differential protein expression pattern in endometrium between Meishan and Duroc sows and provides insight into the development process of endometrium. These findings could help us further uncover the molecular mechanism involved in prolificacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijie Yang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufang Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.,College of Agriculture, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.,College of Agriculture, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jve Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Ding
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ximing Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiguo Tang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yabiao Luo
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Keliang Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiying Fang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zriba S, Garcia-Gonzalez DG, Khalaf OH, Wheeler L, Chaki SP, Rice-Ficht A, Ficht TA, Arenas-Gamboa AM. Vaccine safety studies of Brucella abortus S19 and S19Δ vjbR in pregnant swine. Vaccine X 2019; 3:100041. [PMID: 31528851 PMCID: PMC6737346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2019.100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis in swine is caused by Brucella suis, a bacterial infection of nearly worldwide distribution. Brucella suis is also transmissible to humans, dogs and cattle and is considered a reemerging disease of public health concern. To date, there is no effective vaccine for swine. This prompted us to investigate the potential use of the commercially available vaccine for cattle or the live attenuated vaccine candidate S19ΔvjbR. As the first step, we sought to study the safety of the vaccine candidates when administered in pregnant sows, since one of the major drawbacks associated with vaccination using Live Attenuated Vaccines (LAV) is the induction of abortions when administered in pregnant animals. Fifteen pregnant gilts at mid-gestation were divided into four groups and subsequently vaccinated subcutaneously using different formulations containing 2.0 ± 0.508 × 109 CFU of either S19 or S19ΔvjbR. Vaccination in pregnant animals with the vaccine candidates did not induce abortion, stillbirths or a reduction in litter size. Multiple tissues in the gilts and piglets were examined at the time of delivery to assess bacterial colonization and histopathological changes. There was no evidence of vaccine persistence in the gilts or bacterial colonization in the fetuses. Altogether, these data suggest that both vaccine candidates are safe for use in pregnant swine. Analysis of the humoral responses, specifically anti-Brucella IgG levels measured in serum, demonstrated a robust response induced by either vaccine, but of shorter duration (4-6 weeks post-inoculation) compared to that observed in cattle or experimentally infected mice. Such a transient humoral response may prove to be beneficial in cases where the vaccine is used in eradication campaigns and in the differentiation of vaccinated from infected animals. This study provides evidence to support future efficacy studies of both vaccine candidates in swine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Slim Zriba
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical, Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Daniel G. Garcia-Gonzalez
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical, Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Omar H. Khalaf
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical, Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathology & Poultry Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Lance Wheeler
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical, Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sankar P. Chaki
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical, Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Allison Rice-Ficht
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Thomas A. Ficht
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical, Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Angela M. Arenas-Gamboa
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical, Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zeng S, Ulbrich SE, Bauersachs S. Spatial organization of endometrial gene expression at the onset of embryo attachment in pigs. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:895. [PMID: 31752681 PMCID: PMC6873571 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the preimplantation phase in the pig, the conceptus trophoblast elongates into a filamentous form and secretes estrogens, interleukin 1 beta 2, interferons, and other signaling molecules before attaching to the uterine epithelium. The processes in the uterine endometrium in response to conceptus signaling are complex. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize transcriptome changes in porcine endometrium during the time of conceptus attachment considering the specific localization in different endometrial cell types. RESULTS Low-input RNA-sequencing was conducted for the main endometrial compartments, luminal epithelium (LE), glandular epithelium (GE), blood vessels (BV), and stroma. Samples were isolated from endometria collected on Day 14 of pregnancy and the estrous cycle (each group n = 4) by laser capture microdissection. The expression of 12,000, 11,903, 11,094, and 11,933 genes was detectable in LE, GE, BV, and stroma, respectively. Differential expression analysis was performed between the pregnant and cyclic group for each cell type as well as for a corresponding dataset for complete endometrium tissue samples. The highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was found for LE (1410) compared to GE, BV, and stroma (800, 1216, and 384). For the complete tissue, 3262 DEGs were obtained. The DEGs were assigned to Gene Ontology (GO) terms to find overrepresented functional categories and pathways specific for the individual endometrial compartments. GO classification revealed that DEGs in LE were involved in 'biosynthetic processes', 'related to ion transport', and 'apoptotic processes', whereas 'cell migration', 'cell growth', 'signaling', and 'metabolic/biosynthetic processes' categories were enriched for GE. For blood vessels, categories such as 'focal adhesion', 'actin cytoskeleton', 'cell junction', 'cell differentiation and development' were found as overrepresented, while for stromal samples, most DEGs were assigned to 'extracellular matrix', 'gap junction', and 'ER to Golgi vesicles'. CONCLUSIONS The localization of differential gene expression to different endometrial cell types provided a significantly improved view on the regulation of biological processes involved in conceptus implantation, such as the control of uterine fluid secretion, trophoblast attachment, growth regulation by Wnt signaling and other signaling pathways, as well as the modulation of the maternal immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Zeng
- Genetics and Functional Genomics, Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department for Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Eschikon 27 AgroVet-Strickhof, Zurich, Switzerland
- Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Lindau, ZH 8315 Switzerland
| | - Susanne E. Ulbrich
- Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Lindau, ZH 8315 Switzerland
| | - Stefan Bauersachs
- Genetics and Functional Genomics, Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department for Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Eschikon 27 AgroVet-Strickhof, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Spatial Transcriptomic and miRNA Analyses Revealed Genes Involved in the Mesometrial-Biased Implantation in Pigs. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100808. [PMID: 31615128 PMCID: PMC6826901 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Implantation failure is a major cause of early embryonic loss. Normally, the conceptus attachment is initiated at mesometrial side of the uterus and then spread to the anti-mesometrial side in pigs, however, the mechanisms that direct the mesometrial-biased attachment are largely unknown. In this study, the histological features of the entire uterine cross-section from gestational days 12 (pre-attachment stage) and 15 (post-attachment stage) were investigated and the differences in histological features between the mesometrial and anti-mesometrial side of the uterus were observed. Then, transcriptomic and miRNA analyses were performed on mesometrial and anti-mesometrial endometrium obtained from gestational days 12 and 15, respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DE-miRs) that were common to both or unique to either of the two anatomical locations of uterus were identified, respectively, indicating that differences in molecular response to the implanting conceptus exist between the two anatomical locations. In addition, we detected DEGs and DE-miRs between the two anatomical locations on the two gestational days, respectively. Of these DEGs, a number of genes, such as chemokine and T cell surface marker genes, were found to be significantly up-regulated mesometrially. Furthermore, we detected the interaction of CXCR4, CXCL11 and miR-9 using dual luciferase reporter assay. Taken together, this study revealed genes and pathways that might play the role of creating a receptive microenvironment at the mesometrial side, which is required to guide a proper positioning of conceptus in the uterus in pigs.
Collapse
|
44
|
Pemathilaka RL, Reynolds DE, Hashemi NN. Drug transport across the human placenta: review of placenta-on-a-chip and previous approaches. Interface Focus 2019; 9:20190031. [PMID: 31485316 PMCID: PMC6710654 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2019.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, the placenta became a very controversial topic that has had many researchers and pharmacists discussing the significance of the effects of pharmaceutical drug intake and how it is a possible leading cause towards birth defects. The creation of an in vitro microengineered model of the placenta can be used to replicate the interactions between the mother and fetus, specifically pharmaceutical drug intake reactions. As the field of nanotechnology significantly continues growing, nanotechnology will become more apparent in the study of medicine and other scientific disciplines, specifically microengineering applications. This review is based on past and current research that compares the feasibility and testing of the placenta-on-a-chip microengineered model to the previous and underdeveloped in vivo and ex vivo approaches. The testing of the practicality and effectiveness of the in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo models requires the experimentation of prominent pharmaceutical drugs that most mothers consume during pregnancy. In this case, these drugs need to be studied and tested more often. However, there are challenges associated with the in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo processes when developing a practical placental model, which are discussed in further detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David E. Reynolds
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Nicole N. Hashemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Suleman M, Malgarin CM, Detmer SE, Harding JCS, MacPhee DJ. The porcine trophoblast cell line PTr2 is susceptible to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-2 infection. Placenta 2019; 88:44-51. [PMID: 31670096 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-2 (PRRSV-2) breaches the maternal-fetal interface (MFI) to infect porcine fetuses, yet the exact mechanism(s) of transmission is not understood. The objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of porcine trophoblast cell line (PTr2) to PRRSV-2 infection to understand the potential role of the trophoblast in viral transmission to fetuses in vivo. METHODS PTr2 cells were exposed in vitro to PRRSV-2 and then subjected to immunofluorescence analysis (IF), flow cytometry (FCM), real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunogold electron microscopy (IEM) to assess viral infection. The effects of PRRSV-2 on PTr2 cell cycle progression and apoptosis, as well as the ability of PTr2 cells to produce infectious viral particles were also examined. RESULTS PRRSV-2 was readily detected in PTr2 cells by IF, FCM, RT-qPCR, TEM and IEM techniques. RT-qPCR and FCM results of a time course of infection of PTr2 cells indicated PRRSV-2 load decreased over time after initial infection up to 72 h. PRRSV-2 infection altered PTr2 cell cycle with a selective increase of cells within the G2/M phase and also induced apoptosis. TEM and IEM demonstrated PRRSV-2 within and on the surface of PTr2 cells and PRRSV-2 virions released from PTr2 cells infected naïve MARC-145 cells inducing cytopathic effects. DISCUSSION Trophoblast cells are susceptible to PRRSV-2 infection and release live virions capable of inducing cytopathic effects in naïve cells. This suggests a possible mechanism by which PRRSV-2 can breach the MFI resulting in fetal infection and death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Suleman
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - C M Malgarin
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - S E Detmer
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - J C S Harding
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - D J MacPhee
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chemokines as the modulators of endometrial epithelial cells remodelling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12968. [PMID: 31506569 PMCID: PMC6736846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies highlighted chemokines as potential factors regulating changes in the endometrium during early pregnancy. The current study aimed to screen the effects of a broad range of chemokines and indicate those that are involved in porcine luminal epithelial (LE) cell remodelling. Messenger RNA expression of chemokines (CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL10 and CXCL12) and both the mRNA and protein expression of their receptors (CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4) were detected in LE cells. Exogenous CCL8 enhanced the proliferative and migration potential of LE cells and their motility in the environment with its stable concentration. The adhesive properties of LE cells were negatively affected by CCL8. However, CXCL12 positively affected the proliferation, motility and adhesion of LE cells as well as caused a decrease in MUC1 mRNA expression. To conclude, our studies determined that exogenous chemokines affected critical endometrial epithelial cell functions in the context of embryo implantation. We suggest that of all the examined factors, chemokine CCL8 participates in the establishment of a proper environment for embryo implantation, whereas CXCL12, apart from participation in endometrial receptivity, promotes embryo attachment.
Collapse
|
47
|
Detection of coding sequence, mRNA expression and three insertions/deletions (indels) of KDM6A gene in male pig. Theriogenology 2019; 133:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
48
|
Vélez C, Clauzure M, Williamson D, Koncurat MA, Santa-Coloma TA, Barbeito C. IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-4 concentration during porcine gestation. Theriogenology 2019; 128:133-139. [PMID: 30743102 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In pigs, given the type of epitheliochorial and non-invasive placenta, the trophoblast is in intimate contact with maternal tissues. The dialogue established between the conceptus and the endometrium involves, among others, the immune system, which minimizes the chances of rejection of the embryo and promotes the establishment of pregnancy. The aim of this work was to determine the concentration of IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-4 in sera and in extracts of maternal and fetal placenta from sows of different gestational periods. Reproductive tracts from 23 crossbreed sows, between 30 and 114 days of gestation (dg), and from 8 non-pregnant sows were used. The concentration of the cytokines was determined by ELISA. IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-4 demonstrated a similar pattern of concentration at the placental interface and serum; they were found elevated in tissues at 30 and 60-70 dg, and significantly decreased at term, period in which the cytokines were significantly increased in serum. These results show that IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-4 are differentially modulated during pregnancy and at term, and suggest an important role of these cytokines in defining the proinflammatory stage of these periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Vélez
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - Mariángeles Clauzure
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina; Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED, CONICET-UCA), Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Delia Williamson
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Argentina
| | - Mirta A Koncurat
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Argentina
| | - Tomás A Santa-Coloma
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina; Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED, CONICET-UCA), Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Barbeito
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina; Laboratory of Descriptive, Comparative and Experimental Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata (UNLP), Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu R, Deng D, Liu X, Xiao Y, Huang J, Wang F, Li X, Yu M. A miR-18a binding-site polymorphism in CDC42 3'UTR affects CDC42 mRNA expression in placentas and is associated with litter size in pigs. Mamm Genome 2018; 30:34-41. [PMID: 30506450 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9788-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that miRNA binding-site polymorphism in the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of a target gene could affect that gene's expression, and can be associated with a variety of complex traits. In this study, we find that miR-18a and cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) mRNA, whose expression was inversely correlated, are differentially expressed in porcine placentas during critical stages of placental development. rs55618224 (T>C), a SNP in the 3'UTR region of CDC42 that is perfectly complementary to the miR-18a seed could influence miR-18a-related regulation of CDC42 gene by altering their binding affinity. In addition, CDC42 mRNA was found to have higher expression level in the homozygous TT placentas as compared to those homozygous CC placentas in pigs. Furthermore, we identified a significant association between rs55618224 and total number born per litter. These results suggest the miR-18a binding-site polymorphism in CDC42 3'UTR may impact litter size by regulation of CDC42 gene in porcine placentas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruize Liu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Dadong Deng
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yujing Xiao
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Ji Huang
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Feiyu Wang
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyun Li
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhu Q, Xie P, Li H, Ma C, Zhang W, Yin Y, Kong X. Fetal Huanjiang mini-pigs exhibit differences in nutrient composition according to body weight and gestational period. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199939. [PMID: 30005070 PMCID: PMC6044520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Low birth weight may negatively affect energy storage and nutrient metabolism, and impair fetal growth and development. We analyzed effects of body weight (BW) and gestational period on nutrient composition in fetal Huanjiang mini-pigs. Fetuses with the lowest BW (LBW), middle BW (MBW), and highest BW (HBW) were collected at days 45, 75, and 110 of gestation. Crude protein (CP), crude fat, amino acid (AA), and fatty acid (FA) concentrations were determined. The BW gain, carcass weight, fat percentage, and uterus weight of sows increased as gestation progressed, as did litter weight, average individual fetal weight, fetal body weight, and dry matter (DM). The concentrations of Ala, Arg, crude fat, Gly, Pro, Tyr, C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:1n9c, C18:2n6c, C18:3n3, C18:3n6, C20:0, C20:3n6, saturated FA (SFA), and monounsaturated FA (MUFA) increased significantly as gestation progressed. The percentage of skeleton, and the ratio of the liver, lung, and stomach to BW decreased as gestation progressed. There were also significant reductions in the concentrations of CP, Asp, Glu, His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Phe, Ser, Thr, essential AA (EAA), acidic AA, C17:0, C20:4n6, C22:6n3, unsaturated FA (UFA), polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), n-3PUFA, n-6PUFA as gestation progressed, and reductions in EAA/total AA (TAA), PUFA/SFA, and n-3/n-6 PUFA. The LBW fetuses exhibited the lowest BW and crude fat, C14:0, C16:1, C17:0, C18:2n6c, and MUFA concentrations at days 75 and 110 of gestation. They also exhibited lower Tyr concentration at day 45 of gestation and lower Glu concentration at day 75 of gestation than HBW fetuses. These findings suggest that LBW fetuses exhibit lower amounts of crude fat and several FAs during mid-gestation and late-gestation, which may in turn affect adaptability, growth, and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peifeng Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Huawei Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Cui Ma
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanghong Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Mini-Pig, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|