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Shoghi KI, Badea CT, Blocker SJ, Chenevert TL, Laforest R, Lewis MT, Luker GD, Manning HC, Marcus DS, Mowery YM, Pickup S, Richmond A, Ross BD, Vilgelm AE, Yankeelov TE, Zhou R. Co-Clinical Imaging Resource Program (CIRP): Bridging the Translational Divide to Advance Precision Medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 6:273-287. [PMID: 32879897 PMCID: PMC7442091 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2020.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The National Institutes of Health’s (National Cancer Institute) precision medicine initiative emphasizes the biological and molecular bases for cancer prevention and treatment. Importantly, it addresses the need for consistency in preclinical and clinical research. To overcome the translational gap in cancer treatment and prevention, the cancer research community has been transitioning toward using animal models that more fatefully recapitulate human tumor biology. There is a growing need to develop best practices in translational research, including imaging research, to better inform therapeutic choices and decision-making. Therefore, the National Cancer Institute has recently launched the Co-Clinical Imaging Research Resource Program (CIRP). Its overarching mission is to advance the practice of precision medicine by establishing consensus-based best practices for co-clinical imaging research by developing optimized state-of-the-art translational quantitative imaging methodologies to enable disease detection, risk stratification, and assessment/prediction of response to therapy. In this communication, we discuss our involvement in the CIRP, detailing key considerations including animal model selection, co-clinical study design, need for standardization of co-clinical instruments, and harmonization of preclinical and clinical quantitative imaging pipelines. An underlying emphasis in the program is to develop best practices toward reproducible, repeatable, and precise quantitative imaging biomarkers for use in translational cancer imaging and therapy. We will conclude with our thoughts on informatics needs to enable collaborative and open science research to advance precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kooresh I Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Cristian T Badea
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Stephanie J Blocker
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | | | - Richard Laforest
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael T Lewis
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Gary D Luker
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - H Charles Manning
- Vanderbilt Center for Molecular Probes-Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Daniel S Marcus
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, Durham, NC
| | - Stephen Pickup
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ann Richmond
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Brian D Ross
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Anna E Vilgelm
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Diagnostic Medicine, and Oncology, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Austin, TX; and.,Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Hoppe E, Wetzl J, Yoon SS, Bacher M, Roser P, Stimpel B, Preuhs A, Maier A. Deep Learning-Based ECG-Free Cardiac Navigation for Multi-Dimensional and Motion-Resolved Continuous Magnetic Resonance Imaging. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2021; 40:2105-2117. [PMID: 33848244 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2021.3073091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For the clinical assessment of cardiac vitality, time-continuous tomographic imaging of the heart is used. To further detect e.g., pathological tissue, multiple imaging contrasts enable a thorough diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For this purpose, time-continous and multi-contrast imaging protocols were proposed. The acquired signals are binned using navigation approaches for a motion-resolved reconstruction. Mostly, external sensors such as electrocardiograms (ECG) are used for navigation, leading to additional workflow efforts. Recent sensor-free approaches are based on pipelines requiring prior knowledge, e.g., typical heart rates. We present a sensor-free, deep learning-based navigation that diminishes the need for manual feature engineering or the necessity of prior knowledge compared to previous works. A classifier is trained to estimate the R-wave timepoints in the scan directly from the imaging data. Our approach is evaluated on 3-D protocols for continuous cardiac MRI, acquired in-vivo and free-breathing with single or multiple imaging contrasts. We achieve an accuracy of > 98% on previously unseen subjects, and a well comparable image quality with the state-of-the-art ECG-based reconstruction. Our method enables an ECG-free workflow for continuous cardiac scans with simultaneous anatomic and functional imaging with multiple contrasts. It can be potentially integrated without adapting the sampling scheme to other continuous sequences by using the imaging data for navigation and reconstruction.
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Rosenzweig S, Scholand N, Holme HCM, Uecker M. Cardiac and Respiratory Self-Gating in Radial MRI Using an Adapted Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA-FARY). IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2020; 39:3029-3041. [PMID: 32275585 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2020.2985994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is time-consuming and error-prone. To ease the patient's burden and to increase the efficiency and robustness of cardiac exams, interest in methods based on continuous steady-state acquisition and self-gating has been growing in recent years. Self-gating methods extract the cardiac and respiratory signals from the measurement data and then retrospectively sort the data into cardiac and respiratory phases. Repeated breathholds and synchronization with the heart beat using some external device as required in conventional MRI are then not necessary. In this work, we introduce a novel self-gating method for radially acquired data based on a dimensionality reduction technique for time-series analysis (SSA-FARY). Building on Singular Spectrum Analysis, a zero-padded, time-delayed embedding of the auto-calibration data is analyzed using Principle Component Analysis. We demonstrate the basic functionality of SSA-FARY using numerical simulations and apply it to in-vivo cardiac radial single-slice bSSFP and Simultaneous Multi-Slice radiofrequency-spoiled gradient-echo measurements, as well as to Stack-of-Stars bSSFP measurements. SSA-FARY reliably detects the cardiac and respiratory motion and separates it from noise. We utilize the generated signals for high-dimensional image reconstruction using parallel imaging and compressed sensing with in-plane wavelet and (spatio-)temporal total-variation regularization.
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Zhang X, Xie G, Lu N, Zhu Y, Wei Z, Su S, Shi C, Yan F, Liu X, Qiu B, Fan Z. 3D self-gated cardiac cine imaging at 3 Tesla using stack-of-stars bSSFP with tiny golden angles and compressed sensing. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:3234-3244. [PMID: 30474151 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and evaluate an accelerated 3D self-gated cardiac cine imaging technique at 3 Tesla without the use of external electrocardiogram triggering or respiratory gating. METHODS A 3D stack-of-stars balanced steady-state free precession sequence with a tiny golden angle sampling scheme was developed to reduced eddy current effect-related artefacts at 3 Tesla. Respiratory and cardiac motion were derived from a central 5-point self-gating signal extraction approach. The data acquired around the end-expiration phases were then sorted into individual cardiac bins and used for reconstruction with compressed sensing. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, image quality (1: the best; 4: the worst) was quantitatively compared using both the proposed method and the conventional 3D golden-angle self-gated method. Linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis were used to assess the functional measurements agreement between the proposed method and the routine 2D breath-hold multi-slice technique. RESULTS Compared to the conventional 3D golden-angle self-gated method, the proposed method yielded images with much less streaking artifact and higher myocardium edge sharpness (0.50 ± 0.06 vs. 0.45 ± 0.05, P = 0.004). The proposed method provided an inferior image quality score to the routine 2D technique (2.13 ± 0.35 vs. 1.38 ± 0.52, P = 0.063) but a superior one to the conventional self-gated method (2.13 ± 0.35 vs. 3.13 ± 0.64, P = 0.031). Left ventricular functional measurements between the proposed method and routine 2D technique were all well in agreement. CONCLUSION This study presents a novel self-gating approach to realize rapid 3D cardiac cine imaging at 3 Tesla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Zhang
- Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,MR Collaborations NE Asia, Siemens Healthcare, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxi Xie
- Paul C. Lauterber Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Lu
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Zhu
- Paul C. Lauterber Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijun Wei
- Paul C. Lauterber Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Su
- Paul C. Lauterber Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Shi
- Paul C. Lauterber Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yan
- Paul C. Lauterber Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Paul C. Lauterber Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California
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Bonanno G, Hays AG, Weiss RG, Schär M. Self-gated golden angle spiral cine MRI for coronary endothelial function assessment. Magn Reson Med 2018; 80:560-570. [PMID: 29282752 PMCID: PMC5910207 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depressed coronary endothelial function (CEF) is a marker for atherosclerotic disease, an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, and can be quantified non-invasively with ECG-triggered spiral cine MRI combined with isometric handgrip exercise (IHE). However, MRI-CEF measures can be hindered by faulty ECG-triggering, leading to prolonged breath-holds and degraded image quality. Here, a self-gated golden angle spiral method (SG-GA) is proposed to eliminate the need for ECG during cine MRI. METHODS SG-GA was tested against retrospectively ECG-gated golden angle spiral MRI (ECG-GA) and gold-standard ECG-triggered spiral cine MRI (ECG-STD) in 10 healthy volunteers. CEF data were obtained from cross-sectional images of the proximal right and left coronary arteries in a 3T scanner. Self-gating heart rates were compared to those from simultaneous ECG-gating. Coronary vessel sharpness and cross-sectional area (CSA) change with IHE were compared among the 3 methods. RESULTS Self-gating precision, accuracy, and correlation-coefficient were 7.7 ± 0.5 ms, 9.1 ± 0.7 ms, and 0.93 ± 0.01, respectively (mean ± standard error). Vessel sharpness by SG-GA was equal or higher than ECG-STD (rest: 63.0 ± 1.7% vs. 61.3 ± 1.3%; exercise: 62.6 ± 1.3% vs. 56.7 ± 1.6%, P < 0.05). CSA changes were in agreement among the 3 methods (ECG-STD = 8.7 ± 4.0%, ECG-GA = 9.6 ± 3.1%, SG-GA = 9.1 ± 3.5%, P = not significant). CONCLUSION CEF measures can be obtained with the proposed self-gated high-quality cine MRI method even when ECG is faulty or not available. Magn Reson Med 80:560-570, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Bonanno
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Division of MR Research, Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Allison G. Hays
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Robert G. Weiss
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Division of MR Research, Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael Schär
- Division of MR Research, Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Kim B, Seo H, Kim D, Park H. Retrospective motion gating in cardiac MRI using a simultaneously acquired navigator. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 31:e3874. [PMID: 29266452 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A simultaneous acquisition technique of image and navigator signals (simultaneously acquired navigator, SIMNAV) is proposed for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) in Cartesian coordinates. To simultaneously acquire both image and navigator signals, a conventional balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) pulse sequence is modified by adding a radiofrequency (RF) pulse, which excites a supplementary slice for the navigator signal. Alternating phases of the RF pulses make it easy to separate the simultaneously acquired magnetic resonance data into image and navigator signals. The navigator signals of the proposed SIMNAV were compared with those of current gating devices and self-gating techniques for seven healthy subjects. In vivo experiments demonstrated that SIMNAV could provide cardiac cine images with sufficient image quality, similar to those from electrocardiogram (ECG) gating with breath-hold. SIMNAV can be used to acquire a cardiac cine image without requiring an ECG device and breath-hold, whilst maintaining feasible imaging time efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungjai Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyunseok Seo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dongchan Kim
- College of Medicine, Gachon University, Hambakmoero 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - HyunWook Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
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7
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Menon RG, Miller GW, Jeudy J, Rajagopalan S, Shin T. Free breathing three-dimensional late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance using outer volume suppressed projection navigators. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:1533-1543. [PMID: 27122450 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a three-dimensional, free-breathing, late gadolinium enhancement (3D FB-LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) technique, and to compare it with clinically used two-dimensional breath-hold LGE (2D BH-LGE). METHODS The proposed 3D FB-LGE method consisted of inversion preparation, inversion delay, fat saturation, outer volume suppression, one-dimensional projection navigators, and a segmented stack of spirals acquisition. The 3D FB-LGE and 2D BH-LGE scans were performed on 29 cardiac patients. Qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis (in patients with scar) were performed. RESULTS No significant differences were noted between the 3D FB-LGE and 2D BH-LGE data sets in terms of overall image quality score (2D: 4.69 ± 0.60 versus 3D: 4.55 ± 0.51, P = 0.46) and image artifact score (2D: 1.10 ± 0.31 versus 3D: 1.17 ± 0.38; P = 0.63). The average difference in fractional scar volume between the 3D and 2D methods was 1.9% (n = 5). Acquisition time was significantly shorter for the 3D FB-LGE over 2D BH-LGE by a factor of 2.83 ± 0.77 (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The 3D FB-LGE is a viable option for patients, particularly in acute settings or in patients who are unable to comply with breath-hold instructions. Magn Reson Med 77:1533-1543, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv G Menon
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - G Wilson Miller
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jean Jeudy
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Taehoon Shin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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8
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Seo H, Kim D, Oh C, Park H. Self-gated cardiac cine imaging using phase information. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:1216-1222. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunseok Seo
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Dongchan Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Changheun Oh
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - HyunWook Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Republic of Korea
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9
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Trotier AJ, Castets CR, Lefrançois W, Ribot EJ, Franconi JM, Thiaudière E, Miraux S. USPIO-enhanced 3D-cine self-gated cardiac MRI based on a stack-of-stars golden angle short echo time sequence: Application on mice with acute myocardial infarction. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 44:355-65. [PMID: 26778077 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and assess a 3D-cine self-gated method for cardiac imaging of murine models. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 3D stack-of-stars (SOS) short echo time (STE) sequence with a navigator echo was performed at 7T on healthy mice (n = 4) and mice with acute myocardial infarction (MI) (n = 4) injected with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles. In all, 402 spokes were acquired per stack with the incremental or the golden angle method using an angle increment of (360/402)° or 222.48°, respectively. A cylindrical k-space was filled and repeated with a maximum number of repetitions (NR) of 10. 3D cine cardiac images at 156 μm resolution were reconstructed retrospectively and compared for the two methods in terms of contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). The golden angle images were also reconstructed with NR = 10, 6, and 3, to assess cardiac functional parameters (ejection fraction, EF) on both animal models. RESULTS The combination of 3D SOS-STE and USPIO injection allowed us to optimize the identification of cardiac peaks on navigator signal and generate high CNR between blood and myocardium (15.3 ± 1.0). The golden angle method resulted in a more homogeneous distribution of the spokes inside a stack (P < 0.05), enabling reducing the acquisition time to 15 minutes. EF was significantly different between healthy and MI mice (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The method proposed here showed that 3D-cine images could be obtained without electrocardiogram or respiratory gating in mice. It allows precise measurement of cardiac functional parameters even on MI mice. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:355-365.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien J Trotier
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Charles R Castets
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - William Lefrançois
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emeline J Ribot
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Michel Franconi
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Eric Thiaudière
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvain Miraux
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Kolbitsch C, Prieto C, Schaeffter T. Cardiac functional assessment without electrocardiogram using physiological self-navigation. Magn Reson Med 2015; 71:942-54. [PMID: 23568768 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated cine MRI provides highly accurate functional assessment of the heart. Nevertheless, reliable ECG signals are not always available due to patient's electrophysiology or due to high MR field strengths. Here, a novel framework for cardiac functional assessment using physiological information is presented, which is obtained from MR image data. METHODS Multiple long-axis slices rotated around the center axis of the left ventricle are acquired using a 2D Golden Radial acquisition scheme. This sampling approach allows for both real-time data and retrospectively reordered cine images with different temporal resolutions. Functional information from the left ventricle is used for retrospective reordering of the data to reconstruct cine images without an external ECG signal. Afterward, individual 2D cine slices are synchronized using physiological information on the mitral valve closure. The proposed approach was assessed in 15 volunteers and applied in four patients for feasibility. RESULTS Physiological gating signals obtained with our approach show great correlation with an ECG reference signal. Functional parameters determined with the presented method show a relative difference of less than 1.3% when compared with an ECG-gated approach. CONCLUSION It is successfully demonstrated that functional assessment of the heart is possible using physiological information obtained directly from MR image data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Kolbitsch
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK
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11
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Svedin BT, Payne A, Parker DL. Respiration artifact correction in three-dimensional proton resonance frequency MR thermometry using phase navigators. Magn Reson Med 2015; 76:206-13. [PMID: 26272108 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop reliable three-dimensional (3D) segmented echo planar imaging (seg-EPI) proton resonance frequency (PRF) temperature monitoring in the presence of respiration-induced B0 variation. METHODS A free induction decay (FID) phase navigator was inserted into a 3D seg-EPI sequence before and after EPI readout to monitor B0 field variations. Using the field change estimates, the phase of each k-space line was adjusted to remove the additional phase from the respiratory induced off-resonance. This correction technique was evaluated while heating with MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) in phantoms with simulated breathing and during nonheating conditions in healthy in vivo breasts. RESULTS With k-space phase correction, the standard deviation of magnitude images and PRF temperature measurements in breast from five volunteers improved by an average factor of 1.5 and 2.1, respectively. Improved accuracy of temperature estimates was observed after correction while heating with MRgFUS in phantoms. CONCLUSION Phase correction based on two FID navigators placed before and after the echo train provides promising results for implementing 3D monitoring of thermal therapy treatments in the presence of field variations due to respiration. Magn Reson Med 76:206-213, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryant T Svedin
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Allison Payne
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dennis L Parker
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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12
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Usman M, Atkinson D, Kolbitsch C, Schaeffter T, Prieto C. Manifold learning based ECG-free free-breathing cardiac CINE MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 41:1521-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- King's College London; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering; British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence, Medical Engineering Centre of Research Excellence; London UK
| | - David Atkinson
- University College London, Centre for Medical Imaging; London UK
| | - Christoph Kolbitsch
- King's College London; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering; British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence, Medical Engineering Centre of Research Excellence; London UK
| | - Tobias Schaeffter
- King's College London; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering; British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence, Medical Engineering Centre of Research Excellence; London UK
| | - Claudia Prieto
- King's College London; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering; British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence, Medical Engineering Centre of Research Excellence; London UK
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Escuela de Ingeniería; Santiago Chile
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13
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Ingle RR, Santos JM, Overall WR, McConnell MV, Hu BS, Nishimura DG. Self-gated fat-suppressed cardiac cine MRI. Magn Reson Med 2014; 73:1764-74. [PMID: 24806049 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a self-gated alternating repetition time balanced steady-state free precession (ATR-SSFP) pulse sequence for fat-suppressed cardiac cine imaging. METHODS Cardiac gating is computed retrospectively using acquired magnetic resonance self-gating data, enabling cine imaging without the need for electrocardiogram (ECG) gating. Modification of the slice-select rephasing gradients of an ATR-SSFP sequence enables the acquisition of a one-dimensional self-gating readout during the unused short repetition time (TR). Self-gating readouts are acquired during every TR of segmented, breath-held cardiac scans. A template-matching algorithm is designed to compute cardiac trigger points from the self-gating signals, and these trigger points are used for retrospective cine reconstruction. The proposed approach is compared with ECG-gated ATR-SSFP and balanced steady-state free precession in 10 volunteers and five patients. RESULTS The difference of ECG and self-gating trigger times has a variability of 13 ± 11 ms (mean ± SD). Qualitative reviewer scoring and ranking indicate no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) between self-gated and ECG-gated ATR-SSFP images. Quantitative blood-myocardial border sharpness is not significantly different among self-gated ATR-SSFP ( 0.61±0.15 mm -1), ECG-gated ATR-SSFP ( 0.61±0.15 mm -1), or conventional ECG-gated balanced steady-state free precession cine MRI ( 0.59±0.15 mm -1). CONCLUSION The proposed self-gated ATR-SSFP sequence enables fat-suppressed cardiac cine imaging at 1.5 T without the need for ECG gating and without decreasing the imaging efficiency of ATR-SSFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reeve Ingle
- Magnetic Resonance Systems Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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14
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Paul J, Divkovic E, Wundrak S, Bernhardt P, Rottbauer W, Neumann H, Rasche V. High-resolution respiratory self-gated golden angle cardiac MRI: Comparison of self-gating methods in combination with k-t SPARSE SENSE. Magn Reson Med 2014; 73:292-8. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Paul
- Department of Internal Medicine II; University Hospital of Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Evica Divkovic
- Department of Internal Medicine II; University Hospital of Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Stefan Wundrak
- Department of Internal Medicine II; University Hospital of Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Peter Bernhardt
- Department of Internal Medicine II; University Hospital of Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rottbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II; University Hospital of Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Heiko Neumann
- Institute of Neural Information Processing; University of Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Volker Rasche
- Department of Internal Medicine II; University Hospital of Ulm; Ulm Germany
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15
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Usman M, Vaillant G, Atkinson D, Schaeffter T, Prieto C. Compressive manifold learning: Estimating one-dimensional respiratory motion directly from undersampled k-space data. Magn Reson Med 2013; 72:1130-40. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- King's College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence, Medical Engineering Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ghislain Vaillant
- King's College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence, Medical Engineering Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Atkinson
- University College London, Centre for Medical Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Schaeffter
- King's College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence, Medical Engineering Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Prieto
- King's College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence, Medical Engineering Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Escuela de Ingeniería, Santiago, Chile
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16
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A historical overview of magnetic resonance imaging, focusing on technological innovations. Invest Radiol 2013; 47:725-41. [PMID: 23070095 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0b013e318272d29f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has now been used clinically for more than 30 years. Today, MRI serves as the primary diagnostic modality for many clinical problems. In this article, historical developments in the field of MRI will be discussed with a focus on technological innovations. Topics include the initial discoveries in nuclear magnetic resonance that allowed for the advent of MRI as well as the development of whole-body, high field strength, and open MRI systems. Dedicated imaging coils, basic pulse sequences, contrast-enhanced, and functional imaging techniques will also be discussed in a historical context. This article describes important technological innovations in the field of MRI, together with their clinical applicability today, providing critical insights into future developments.
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17
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Abstract
In recent years, there has been an explosive growth of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques that allow faster scan speed by exploiting temporal or spatiotemporal redundancy of the images. These techniques improve the performance of dynamic imaging significantly across multiple clinical applications, including cardiac functional examinations, perfusion imaging, blood flow assessment, contrast-enhanced angiography, functional MRI, and interventional imaging, among others. The scan acceleration permits higher spatial resolution, increased temporal resolution, shorter scan duration, or a combination of these benefits. Along with the exciting developments is a dizzying proliferation of acronyms and variations of the techniques. The present review attempts to summarize this rapidly growing topic and presents conceptual frameworks to understand these techniques in terms of their underlying mechanics and connections. Techniques from view sharing, keyhole, k-t, to compressed sensing are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Tsao
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
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18
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Peripheral vessel scout imaging based on continuously moving table acquisition of projection data. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2012; 36:591-5. [PMID: 22992611 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0b013e3182673a1c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A fast and spatially seamless peripheral vessel scout is desirable for subsequent planning of magnetic resonance (MR) angiography. We implemented a continuously moving table sequence providing projection data with time-of-flight contrast of the entire lower extremities in less than 2 minutes. Variation of arterial signal during the cardiac cycle and autocorrelation were exploited to enhance vessel-to-background contrast. Subjective image analysis revealed excellent vessel depiction, indicating that the proposed scout allows for seamless expedited visualization of major arterial structures.
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19
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Liu J, Spincemaille P, Codella NCF, Nguyen TD, Prince MR, Wang Y. Respiratory and cardiac self-gated free-breathing cardiac CINE imaging with multiecho 3D hybrid radial SSFP acquisition. Magn Reson Med 2010; 63:1230-7. [PMID: 20432294 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A respiratory and cardiac self-gated free-breathing three-dimensional cine steady-state free precession imaging method using multiecho hybrid radial sampling is presented. Cartesian mapping of the k-space center along the slice encoding direction provides intensity-weighted position information, from which both respiratory and cardiac motions are derived. With in plan radial sampling acquired at every pulse repetition time, no extra scan time is required for sampling the k-space center. Temporal filtering based on density compensation is used for radial reconstruction to achieve high signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio. High correlation between the self-gating signals and external gating signals is demonstrated. This respiratory and cardiac self-gated, free-breathing, three-dimensional, radial cardiac cine imaging technique provides image quality comparable to that acquired with the multiple breath-hold two-dimensional Cartesian steady-state free precession technique in short-axis, four-chamber, and two-chamber orientations. Functional measurements from the three-dimensional cardiac short axis cine images are found to be comparable to those obtained using the standard two-dimensional technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Cornell Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Radiology Department, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Ramirez MS, Esparza-Coss E, Bankson JA. Multiple-mouse MRI with multiple arrays of receive coils. Magn Reson Med 2010; 63:803-10. [PMID: 20146352 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Compared to traditional single-animal imaging methods, multiple-mouse MRI has been shown to dramatically improve imaging throughput and reduce the potentially prohibitive cost for instrument access. To date, up to a single radiofrequency coil has been dedicated to each animal being simultaneously scanned, thus limiting the sensitivity, flexibility, and ultimate throughput. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of multiple-mouse MRI with a phased-array coil dedicated to each animal. A dual-mouse imaging system, consisting of a pair of two-element phased-array coils, was developed and used to achieve acceleration factors greater than the number of animals scanned at once. By simultaneously scanning two mice with a retrospectively gated cardiac cine MRI sequence, a 3-fold acceleration was achieved with signal-to-noise ratio in the heart that is equivalent to that achieved with an unaccelerated scan using a commercial mouse birdcage coil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc S Ramirez
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, USA
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21
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Nieman BJ, Szulc KU, Turnbull DH. Three-dimensional, in vivo MRI with self-gating and image coregistration in the mouse. Magn Reson Med 2009; 61:1148-57. [PMID: 19253389 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Motion during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans routinely results in undesirable image artifact or blurring. Since high-resolution, three-dimensional (3D) imaging of the mouse requires long scan times for satisfactory signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and image quality, motion-related artifacts are likely over much of the body and limit applications of mouse MRI. In this investigation, we explored the use of self-gated imaging methods and image coregistration for improving image quality in the presence of motion. Self-gated signal results from a modified 3D gradient-echo sequence showed detection of periodic respiratory and cardiac motion in the adult mouse-with excellent comparison to traditional measurements, sensitivity to respiration-induced tissue changes in the brain, and even detection of embryonic cardiac motion in utero. Serial image coregistration with rapidly-acquired, low-SNR volumes further enabled detection and correction of bulk changes in embryo location during in utero imaging sessions and subsequent reconstruction of high-quality images. These methods, in combination, are shown to expand the range of applications for 3D mouse MRI, enabling late-stage embryonic heart imaging and introducing the possibility of longitudinal developmental studies from embryonic stages through adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Nieman
- Kimmel Center for Biological and Medicine at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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22
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Abstract
Modern rapid magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques have led to widespread use of the modality in cardiac imaging. Despite this progress, many MR studies suffer from image degradation due to involuntary motion during the acquisition. This review describes the type and extent of the motion of the heart due to the cardiac and respiratory cycles, which create image artifacts. Methods of eliminating or reducing the problems caused by the cardiac cycle are discussed, including electrocardiogram gating, subject-specific acquisition windows, and section tracking. Similarly, for respiratory motion of the heart, techniques such as breath holding, respiratory gating, section tracking, phase-encoding ordering, subject-specific translational models, and a range of new techniques are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Scott
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, the Royal Brompton Hospital, London, England.
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23
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Esparza-Coss E, Ramirez MS, Bankson JA. Wireless self-gated multiple-mouse cardiac cine MRI. Magn Reson Med 2008; 59:1203-6. [PMID: 18429021 PMCID: PMC2906136 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Accepted: 12/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Despite the excellent image-contrast capability of MRI and the ability to synchronize MRI with the murine cardiac cycle, this technique is underused for assessing mouse models of cardiovascular disease because of its perceived cost and complexity. This perception stems, in part, from complications associated with the placement and adjustment of electrocardiographic leads that may interact with gradient pulses and the relatively long acquisition times required with traditional gating schemes. To improve the efficiency and reduce the cost and complexity of using cardiac MRI in mice, we combined wireless self-gating techniques (with which we derived cardiac synchronization signals from acquired data) with an imaging technique that acquires multislice cardiac cine images from four mice simultaneously. As a result, the wireless self-gated acquisitions minimized animal preparation time and improved image quality. The simultaneous acquisition of cardiac cine data from multiple animals greatly increased throughput and reduced costs associated with instrument access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Esparza-Coss
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marc S. Ramirez
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James A. Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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24
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Fahmy TS, Mlcochova H, Wazni OM, Patel D, Cihak R, Kanj M, Beheiry S, Burkhardt JD, Dresing T, Hao S, Tchou P, Kautzner J, Schweikert RA, Arruda M, Saliba W, Natale A. Intracardiac echo-guided image integration: optimizing strategies for registration. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2007; 18:276-82. [PMID: 17284265 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Image integration is being used in ablation procedures. However, the success of this approach is dependent on the accuracy of the image integration process. This study aims to evaluate the in vivo accuracy and reliability of the integrated image. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred twenty-four patients undergoing radiofrequency (RF) ablation catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) were recruited for this study from three different centers. Cardiac computerized tomography (CT) was performed in all patients and a 3D image of the left atrium (LA) and pulmonary veins (PVs) was extracted for registration after segmentation using a software program (CartoMerge, Biosense Webster, Inc.). Different landmarks were selected for registration and compared. Surface registration was then done and the impact on integration and the landmarks was evaluated. The best landmark registration was achieved when the posterior points on the pulmonary veins were selected (5.6 +/- 3.2). Landmarks taken on the anterior wall, left atrial appendage (LAA) or the coronary sinus (CS) resulted in a larger registration error (9.1 +/- 2.5). The mean error for surface registration was 2.17 +/- 1.65. However, surface registration resulted in shifting of the initially registered landmark points leading to a larger error (from 5.6 +/- 3.2 to 9.2 +/- 2.1; 95% CI 4.2-3.05). CONCLUSION Posterior wall landmarks at the PV-LA junction are the most accurate landmarks for image integration in respect to the target ablation area. The concurrent use of the present surface registration algorithm may result in shifting of the initial landmarks with loss of their initial correlation with the area of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer S Fahmy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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25
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Stehning C, Boernert P, Nehrke K. Advances in Coronary MRA from Vessel Wall to Whole Heart Imaging. Magn Reson Med Sci 2007; 6:157-70. [PMID: 18037796 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.6.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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26
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Brau ACS, Brittain JH. Generalized self-navigated motion detection technique: Preliminary investigation in abdominal imaging. Magn Reson Med 2006; 55:263-70. [PMID: 16408272 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Patient motion remains a primary obstacle to diagnostic image quality, especially in the abdomen, despite the existence of various motion artifact reduction techniques. This work presents a self-navigated motion detection method that can be generalized for most pulse sequences and k-space trajectories. Motion information is extracted directly from raw MR data, requiring no additional gradient or RF pulses, no physiologic monitoring equipment, and minimal--if any--impact on scan time. Initial feasibility results with a two-dimensional gradient echo sequence are shown in phantom studies and in vivo volunteer abdominal studies, demonstrating the sensitivity of the method to both respiratory motion and cardiovascular pulsatility. Prospectively gated images were acquired using the self-navigated data to synchronize image acquisition with motion. These preliminary results suggest that the self-navigated method is a promising technique for reducing motion artifacts in clinical abdominal and cardiac applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja C S Brau
- GE Healthcare, Applied Science Lab West, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
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27
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Stehning C, Börnert P, Nehrke K, Eggers H, Stuber M. Free-breathing whole-heart coronary MRA with 3D radial SSFP and self-navigated image reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2005; 54:476-80. [PMID: 16032682 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory motion is a major source of artifacts in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Free-breathing techniques with pencil-beam navigators efficiently suppress respiratory motion and minimize the need for patient cooperation. However, the correlation between the measured navigator position and the actual position of the heart may be adversely affected by hysteretic effects, navigator position, and temporal delays between the navigators and the image acquisition. In addition, irregular breathing patterns during navigator-gated scanning may result in low scan efficiency and prolonged scan time. The purpose of this study was to develop and implement a self-navigated, free-breathing, whole-heart 3D coronary MRI technique that would overcome these shortcomings and improve the ease-of-use of coronary MRI. A signal synchronous with respiration was extracted directly from the echoes acquired for imaging, and the motion information was used for retrospective, rigid-body, through-plane motion correction. The images obtained from the self-navigated reconstruction were compared with the results from conventional, prospective, pencil-beam navigator tracking. Image quality was improved in phantom studies using self-navigation, while equivalent results were obtained with both techniques in preliminary in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Stehning
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruhe, Germany
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28
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Abstract
The need for ECG gating presents many difficulties in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). Real-time imaging techniques eliminate the need for ECG gating in cine CMRI, but they cannot offer the spatial and temporal resolution provided by segmented acquisition techniques. Previous MR signal-based techniques have demonstrated an ability to provide cardiac gating information; however, these techniques result in decreased imaging efficiency. The purpose of this work was to develop a new "self-gated" (SG) acquisition technique that eliminates these efficiency deficits by extracting the motion synchronization signal directly from the same MR signals used for image reconstruction. Three separate strategies are proposed for deriving the SG signal from data acquired using radial k-space sampling: echo peak magnitude, kymogram, and 2D correlation. The SG techniques were performed on seven normal volunteers. A comparison of the results showed that they provided cine image series with no significant differences in image quality compared to that obtained with conventional ECG gating techniques. SG techniques represent an important practical advance in clinical MRI because they enable the acquisition of high temporal and spatial resolution cardiac cine images without the need for ECG gating and with no loss in imaging efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Larson
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1061, USA.
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29
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Crowe ME, Larson AC, Zhang Q, Carr J, White RD, Li D, Simonetti OP. Automated rectilinear self-gated cardiac cine imaging. Magn Reson Med 2004; 52:782-8. [PMID: 15389958 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
ECG-based gating in cardiac MR imaging requires additional patient preparation time, is susceptible to RF and magnetic interference, and is ineffective in a significant percentage of patients. "Wireless" or "self-gating" techniques have been described using either interleaved central k-space lines or projection reconstruction to obtain MR signals synchronous with the cardiac cycle. However, the interleaved, central line method results in a doubling of the acquisition time, while radial streak artifacts are encountered with the projection reconstruction method. In this work, a new self-gating technique is presented to overcome these limitations. A retrospectively gated TrueFISP cine sequence was modified to acquire a short second echo after the readout and phase gradients are rewound. The information obtained from this second echo was used to derive a gating signal. This technique was compared to ECG-based gating in 10 healthy volunteers and shown to have no significant difference in image quality. The results indicate that this method could serve as an alternative gating strategy without the need for external physiological signal detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Crowe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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30
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Kyriakos WE, Panych LP, Zientara GP, Jolesz FA. Implementation of a reduced field-of-view method for dynamic MR imaging using navigator echoes. J Magn Reson Imaging 1997; 7:376-81. [PMID: 9090594 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.1880070221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A new technique was designed and implemented that increases imaging speed in dynamic imaging in which change is restricted to a fraction of the full field of view (FOV). The technique is an enhancement of a reduced FOV method first reported by Hu and Parrish. This enhancement extends the use of the Hu and Parrish method to cases in which there is cyclic motion throughout the entire FOV that normally would be aliased into the reduced FOV. This method requires the initial acquisition of a number of baseline k-space data sets to characterize the background physiological motion during imaging. Projection navigator echoes along both the phase- and the frequency-encoded directions are acquired and used to correct for motion outside the reduced FOV. Automatic placement or repositioning of the updated fraction of the FOV using navigators also is investigated. With this method, when using a 32-echo rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) sequence, single-shot updates of T2-weighted, 128 x 128 pixel images are obtained, yielding a fourfold increase in temporal resolution compared to full k-space update methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E Kyriakos
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Boston University, MA 02215, USA
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31
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Laubenberger J. Magnetic resonance: a multimodal approach to the brain? JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION. SUPPLEMENTUM 1997; 50:3-8. [PMID: 9120421 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6842-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance of the brain offers the unique possibility of acquisition of morphological data in high resolution quality, analysis of metabolic disturbances, and the assessment of brain function. Basic principle is the BOLD effect, using the difference of the magnetic moments of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin as intrinsic mechanism of contrast. Still the optimum techniques for functional imaging are not established: echo planar imaging requires a very costly hardware, whereas gradient echo imaging is feasible on clinical routine MR scanners. Although many experimental studies have been published on visual, motor, and auditory paradigms, clinical applications have not been established up to now. Analysis of epileptogenic foci combining high resolution imaging and functional information seems very promising as well as preoperative determination of critical areas in neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Laubenberger
- University Clinic of Radiology, Freiburg i. Br., Federal Republic of Germany
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32
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Le TH, Hu X. Retrospective estimation and correction of physiological artifacts in fMRI by direct extraction of physiological activity from MR data. Magn Reson Med 1996; 35:290-8. [PMID: 8699939 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910350305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A physiological artifact reduction method based on extracting respiratory motion and cardiac pulsation directly from functional MR data is described. In fast low angle shot (FLASH), respiratory cycles are derived utilizing the phase of the center of a navigator echo, in echo-planar imaging (EPI) from the phase of the center k-space point. Cardiac cycles are determined from projections obtained from the navigator echo (FLASH) and the center k-space line (EPI). Because direct extraction of physiological parameters eliminates the need for external monitoring, the method can be more readily implemented. Experimental results illustrate that the technique provides effective compensation for physiology-related signal fluctuations in functional MRI and performs as well as the retrospective technique using external physiological monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Le
- Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, USA
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33
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Walsh EG, Doyle M, Lawson MA, Blackwell GG, Pohost GM. Multislice first-pass myocardial perfusion imaging on a conventional clinical scanner. Magn Reson Med 1995; 34:39-47. [PMID: 7674896 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910340108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A technique is demonstrated for the acquisition and processing of multislice, first-pass contrast-enhanced perfusion images in the myocardium. The acquisition is a modification of "keyhole" imaging in which time series images are acquired by sampling a limited segment of k-space, corresponding to the low spatial frequencies. In the modification demonstrated here, keyhole samples are divided into two groups that are sampled on alternate cardiac cycles. The alternate "missing" k-space portions are synthesized by Fourier interpolation. Visualization of contrast agent accumulation by image subtraction is demonstrated. A motion artifact reduction process using time domain Fourier filtering is used to reduce artifacts from respiration. Studies were performed on 46 patients at 1.5 T using gadoteridol (0.05-0.1 mmol/kg) injected into the right antecubital vein in conjunction with radionuclide imaging. Fully concordant studies were noted in 27 of these patients. Remaining studies were either partially or completely discordant for reasons relating to the differing natures of radionuclide versus MR contrast agent characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Walsh
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham School of Medicine, USA
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34
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Grove JR, Behbin A, Kost J. Modified ventilator with logic controller for cardiorespiratory synchronisation of magnetic resonance imaging in small animals. Med Biol Eng Comput 1995; 33:104-7. [PMID: 7616770 DOI: 10.1007/bf02522956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J R Grove
- University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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Taylor NJ, Rowland IJ, Tanner SF, Leach MO. A rapid interleaved method for measuring signal intensity curves in both blood and tissue during contrast agent administration. Magn Reson Med 1993; 30:744-9. [PMID: 8139457 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910300613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A method has been developed that uses dynamic MR imaging to measure simultaneously the changes in signal intensity due to paramagnetic contrast agent in blood and tissue, using interleaved single-angle projection and imaging sequences. The basic projection/image sequence has a projection time resolution of 50 ms and can measure rapid changes in the blood signal intensity. Variants with a tissue suppression slab have time resolutions of 57 or 75 ms. Orientation of the projection and image planes can be defined independently. This technique will facilitate functional measurements using MR contrast agents, allowing the blood input function to be determined with excellent time resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Taylor
- Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, England
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Abstract
This report describes a simple electronic device employing a piezoelectric element which serves as a sensitive detector of motion. The device is useful as a monitor of respiratory motion for nuclear magnetic resonance animal experiments in vivo. It can also provide a trigger pulse for respiratory gating experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K McKibben
- Department of Biochemistry, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45429
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Kim WS, Cho ZH. Cardiac cycle extraction from projection data using static signal suppression. Magn Reson Med 1992; 24:182-8. [PMID: 1556926 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910240121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
As an extension of the projection-data-based cardiac cycle extraction that we developed previously (W. S. Kim, K. J. Jung, K. D. Lee, J. B. Ra, and Z. H. Cho, "Proceedings, Seventh Annual Meeting of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1988," p. 958; W. S. Kim, C. W. Mun, D. J. Kim, and Z. H. Cho, Magn. Reson. Med. 13, 25, 1990), a new technique with which one can extract the cardiac cycle by flow-based projection data measurements is described. Because the method uses flow-dependent projection data, it is possible to obtain the cardiac cycle even from regions such as the head, which has virtually no geometrically varying parts, unlike the cardiac region. The signal-to-noise of this flow (such as blood and CSF) based projection data acquisition is further enhanced by the use of the static sample signal suppression technique developed for angiography (J. H. Kim and Z. H. Cho, Magn. Reson. Med. 14, 554, 1990).
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Kim
- Department of Electrical Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science, Chongyangni, Seoul
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Abstract
Patient motion during data acquisition in magnetic resonance imaging causes artifacts in the reconstructed image, which for two-dimensional Fourier transform imaging techniques appear as blurring and ghost repetitions of the moving structures. While the problem with intra-view effects has been effectively addressed using gradient moment nulling techniques, there is no corresponding technique for inter-view effects with equal effectiveness and general applicability. A number of techniques have been proposed for correcting the inter-view effects, and these may be divided into those that minimise the corruption of the data, and those that post-process the data to restore the image. The techniques in the former category are briefly reviewed, then those in the latter category are examined in detail. These are analysed in terms of motion model, model parameter estimation, and data correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hedley
- University of Sydney, Department of Electrical Engineering, NSW, Australia
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White RD, Paschal CB, Clampitt ME, Spraggins TA, Lenz GW. Electrocardiograph-independent, "wireless" cardiovascular cine MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 1991; 1:347-55. [PMID: 1802148 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.1880010313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A new electrocardiograph (ECG)-independent, "wireless" gating technique for cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was evaluated in 23 cases of cardiovascular disease; in each case, standard ECG-dependent image loops were available for comparison. The ECG-independent strategy references cine MR imaging data retrospectively to inherent periodic changes in MR signal related to the cardiac cycle. With a "double-section" method, both timing data reflecting such changes and imaging data can be acquired simultaneously. "Artificial R waves" are extracted from the timing data acquired with a projection approach. The ECG-independent image loops were diagnostic in 91% of cases. Their overall image quality was at least equal to that of available ECG-dependent versions in only 39% of cases, but this proportion increased to 53% if cases with suboptimal imaging orientations for monitoring of the motion-dependent signal changes were excluded. Orientation appeared to be the primary technical limitation associated with this ECG-independent technique; however, poor ventricular function also significantly impaired performance. Improvement in the performance of the ECG-independent strategy is anticipated with technical advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D White
- Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195
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