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Tong Y, Udupa JK, McDonough JM, Wu C, Xie L, Rajapakse CS, Gogel S, Sarkar S, Mayer OH, Anari JB, Torigian DA, Cahill PJ. Characterizing Lung Parenchymal Aeration via Standardized Signal Intensity from Free-breathing 4D Dynamic MRI in Phantoms, Healthy Children, and Pediatric Patients with Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2024; 6:e230262. [PMID: 39051878 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.230262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate free-breathing thoracic bright-blood four-dimensional (4D) dynamic MRI (dMRI) to characterize aeration of parenchymal lung tissue in healthy children and patients with thoracic insufficiency syndrome (TIS). Materials and Methods All dMR images in patients with TIS were collected from July 2009 to June 2017. Standardized signal intensity (sSI) was investigated, first using a lung aeration phantom to establish feasibility and sensitivity and then in a retrospective research study of 40 healthy children (16 male, 24 female; mean age, 9.6 years ± 2.1 [SD]), 20 patients with TIS before and after surgery (11 male, nine female; mean age, 6.2 years ± 4.2), and another 10 healthy children who underwent repeated dMRI examinations (seven male, three female; mean age, 9 years ± 3.6). Individual lungs in 4D dMR images were segmented, and sSI was assessed for each lung at end expiration (EE), at end inspiration (EI), preoperatively, postoperatively, in comparison to normal lungs, and in repeated scans. Results Air content changes of approximately 6% were detectable in phantoms via sSI. sSI within phantoms significantly correlated with air occupation (Pearson correlation coefficient = -0.96 [P < .001]). For healthy children, right lung sSI was significantly lower than that of left lung sSI (at EE: 41 ± 6 vs 47 ± 6 and at EI: 39 ± 6 vs 43 ± 7, respectively; P < .001), lung sSI at EI was significantly lower than that at EE (P < .001), and left lung sSI at EE linearly decreased with age (r = -0.82). Lung sSI at EE and EI decreased after surgery for patients (although not statistically significantly, with P values of sSI before surgery vs sSI after surgery, left and right lung separately, in the range of 0.13-0.51). sSI varied within 1.6%-4.7% between repeated scans. Conclusion This study demonstrates the feasibility of detecting change in sSI in phantoms via bright-blood dMRI when air occupancy changes. The observed reduction in average lung sSI after surgery in pediatric patients with TIS may indicate postoperative improvement in parenchymal aeration. Keywords: MR Imaging, Thorax, Lung, Pediatrics, Thoracic Surgery, Lung Parenchymal Aeration, Free-breathing Dynamic MRI, MRI Intensity Standardization, Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Tong
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Jayaram K Udupa
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Joseph M McDonough
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Caiyun Wu
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Lipeng Xie
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Chamith S Rajapakse
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Samantha Gogel
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Sulagna Sarkar
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Oscar H Mayer
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Jason B Anari
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Drew A Torigian
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
| | - Patrick J Cahill
- From Department of Radiology, the Medical Image Processing Group, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Goddard Bldg, 6th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Y.T., J.K.U., C.W., L.X., D.A.T.); The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (J.M.D., S.G., S.S., J.B.A., P.J.C.); Departments of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (C.S.R.); and Division of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (O.H.M.)
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Stecker IR, Bdaiwi AS, Niedbalski PJ, Chatterjee N, Hossain MM, Cleveland ZI. Impact of undersampling on preclinical lung T 2* mapping with 3D radial UTE MRI at 7 T. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2024; 365:107741. [PMID: 39089222 PMCID: PMC11357708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2024.107741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Lung diseases are almost invariably heterogeneous and progressive, making it imperative to capture temporally and spatially explicit information to understand the disease initiation and progression. Imaging the lung with MRI-particularly in the preclinical setting-has historically been challenging because of relatively low lung tissue density, rapid cardiac and respiratory motion, and rapid transverse (T2*) relaxation. These limitations can largely be mitigated using ultrashort-echo-time (UTE) sequences, which are intrinsically robust to motion and avoid significant T2* decay. A significant disadvantage of common radial UTE sequences is that they require inefficient, center-out k-space sampling, resulting in long acquisition times relative to conventional Cartesian sequences. Therefore, pulmonary images acquired with radial UTE are often undersampled to reduce acquisition time. However, undersampling reduces image SNR, introduces image artifacts, and degrades true image resolution. The level of undersampling is further increased if offline gating techniques like retrospective gating are employed, because only a portion (∼40-50%) of the data is used in the final image reconstruction. Here, we explore the impact of undersampling on SNR and T2* mapping in mouse lung imaging using simulation and in-vivo data. Increased scatter in both metrics was noticeable at around 50% sampling. Parenchymal apparent SNR only decreased slightly (average decrease ∼ 1.4) with as little as 10% sampling. Apparent T2* remained similar across undersampling levels, but it became significantly increased (p < 0.05) below 80% sampling. These trends suggest that undersampling can generate quantifiable, but moderate changes in the apparent value of T2*. Moreover, these approaches to assess the impact of undersampling are straightforward to implement and can readily be expanded to assess the quantitative impact of other MR acquisition and reconstruction parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R Stecker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Abdullah S Bdaiwi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Peter J Niedbalski
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Neelakshi Chatterjee
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Md M Hossain
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Zackary I Cleveland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
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Bak SH, Park J, Lee S, Kim JH, Lee HY, Park JY. Clinical usability of 3D gradient-echo-based ultrashort echo time imaging: Is it enough to facilitate diagnostic decision in real-world practice? PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296696. [PMID: 38722966 PMCID: PMC11081383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology, the practical role of lung MRI is expanding despite the inherent challenges of the thorax. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the current status of the concurrent dephasing and excitation (CODE) ultrashort echo-time sequence and the T1-weighted volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequence in the evaluation of thoracic disease by comparing it with the gold standard computed tomography (CT). METHODS Twenty-four patients with lung cancer and mediastinal masses underwent both CT and MRI including T1-weighted VIBE and CODE. For CODE images, data were acquired in free breathing and end-expiratory images were reconstructed using retrospective respiratory gating. All images were evaluated through qualitative and quantitative approaches regarding various anatomical structures and lesions (nodule, mediastinal mass, emphysema, reticulation, honeycombing, bronchiectasis, pleural plaque and lymphadenopathy) inside the thorax in terms of diagnostic performance in making specific decisions. RESULTS Depiction of the lung parenchyma, mediastinal and pleural lesion was not significant different among the three modalities (p > 0.05). Intra-tumoral and peritumoral features of lung nodules were not significant different in the CT, VIBE or CODE images (p > 0.05). However, VIBE and CODE had significantly lower image quality and poorer depiction of airway, great vessels, and emphysema compared to CT (p < 0.05). Image quality of central airways and depiction of bronchi were significantly better in CODE than in VIBE (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005). In contrast, the depiction of the vasculature was better for VIBE than CODE images (p = 0.003). The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were significant greater in VIBE than CODE except for SNRlung and SNRnodule (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed the potential of CODE and VIBE sequences in the evaluation of localized thoracic abnormalities including solid pulmonary nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hyeon Bak
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinil Park
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hee Kim
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yun Lee
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang-Yeon Park
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Ivanov EV, Akhmetshina MR, Gizatulina AR, Gulyaev MV, Pavlova OS, Pirogov YA, Gavrilova SA. Dihydroquercetin-Loaded Liposomes Change Fibrous Tissue Distribution in the Bleomycin-Induced Fibrosis Model. Acta Naturae 2024; 16:40-49. [PMID: 39188264 PMCID: PMC11345094 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of the antioxidant dihydroquercetin (DHQ) were studied in a model of pulmonary fibrosis. DHQ penetration into the lesion was facilitated by encapsulation into liposomes. Pulmonary fibrosis was modeled in rats by intratracheal injection of bleomycin. For the first 7 days, the rats in the treatment group received a liposomal emulsion with DHQ, while in the comparator group rats received saline. In the control group, intact rats did not receive any exposure. Thirty days after the initiation, lung function and the pathological lesion volume were assessed by 7T 1H MRI and the lungs were taken for histologic examination. The proportion of fibrous tissue was counted by Masson's trichrome staining. Both experimental groups were characterized by a significant functional pulmonary deficiency, with low mortality and a small lesion area. In the rats treated with DHQ, the distribution of fibrous tissue was significantly altered. Significantly more fibrous tissue was found in the center of the lesion, while significantly less was in the interstitial space of alveoli. Lung density at the same time was lower in the treated lungs. Dihydroquercetin encapsulated in liposomes affects the mechanisms of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis progression in rats. While accelerated fibrosis of the lesion can restrict inflammatory processes, delayed fibrosis of the interstitium can further improve the functional state of the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. V. Ivanov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
| | - M. R. Akhmetshina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
| | - A. R. Gizatulina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
| | - M. V. Gulyaev
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
| | - O. S. Pavlova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Y. A. Pirogov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
| | - S. A. Gavrilova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
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Ohno Y, Ozawa Y, Nagata H, Ueda T, Yoshikawa T, Takenaka D, Koyama H. Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Technical Advancements and Clinical Applications. Invest Radiol 2024; 59:38-52. [PMID: 37707840 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000001017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Since lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) became clinically available, limited clinical utility has been suggested for applying MRI to lung diseases. Moreover, clinical applications of MRI for patients with lung diseases or thoracic oncology may vary from country to country due to clinical indications, type of health insurance, or number of MR units available. Because of this situation, members of the Fleischner Society and of the Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine have published new reports to provide appropriate clinical indications for lung MRI. This review article presents a brief history of lung MRI in terms of its technical aspects and major clinical indications, such as (1) what is currently available, (2) what is promising but requires further validation or evaluation, and (3) which developments warrant research-based evaluations in preclinical or patient studies. We hope this article will provide Investigative Radiology readers with further knowledge of the current status of lung MRI and will assist them with the application of appropriate protocols in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y. Ohno); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y. Ohno and H.N.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y. Ozawa and T.U.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan (T.Y., D.T.); and Department of Radiology, Advanced Diagnostic Medical Imaging, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (H.K.)
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Ma Y, Jang H, Jerban S, Chang EY, Chung CB, Bydder GM, Du J. Making the invisible visible-ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging: Technical developments and applications. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 9:041303. [PMID: 36467869 PMCID: PMC9677812 DOI: 10.1063/5.0086459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a large magnetic field and radio waves to generate images of tissues in the body. Conventional MRI techniques have been developed to image and quantify tissues and fluids with long transverse relaxation times (T2s), such as muscle, cartilage, liver, white matter, gray matter, spinal cord, and cerebrospinal fluid. However, the body also contains many tissues and tissue components such as the osteochondral junction, menisci, ligaments, tendons, bone, lung parenchyma, and myelin, which have short or ultrashort T2s. After radio frequency excitation, their transverse magnetizations typically decay to zero or near zero before the receiving mode is enabled for spatial encoding with conventional MR imaging. As a result, these tissues appear dark, and their MR properties are inaccessible. However, when ultrashort echo times (UTEs) are used, signals can be detected from these tissues before they decay to zero. This review summarizes recent technical developments in UTE MRI of tissues with short and ultrashort T2 relaxation times. A series of UTE MRI techniques for high-resolution morphological and quantitative imaging of these short-T2 tissues are discussed. Applications of UTE imaging in the musculoskeletal, nervous, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular systems of the body are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Ma
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | - Hyungseok Jang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | - Saeed Jerban
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | - Graeme M Bydder
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | - Jiang Du
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel.: (858) 246-2248, Fax: (858) 246-2221
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Wei Y, Yang C, Jiang H, Li Q, Che F, Wan S, Yao S, Gao F, Zhang T, Wang J, Song B. Multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: state of the art and future directions. Insights Imaging 2022; 13:135. [PMID: 35976510 PMCID: PMC9382599 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-022-01262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of heteronuclear fluorine, sodium, phosphorus, and other probes and imaging technologies as well as the optimization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment and sequences, multi-nuclear magnetic resonance (multi-NMR) has enabled localize molecular activities in vivo that are central to a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative pathologies, metabolic diseases, kidney, and tumor, to shift from the traditional morphological imaging to the molecular imaging, precision diagnosis, and treatment mode. However, due to the low natural abundance and low gyromagnetic ratios, the clinical application of multi-NMR has been hampered. Several techniques have been developed to amplify the NMR sensitivity such as the dynamic nuclear polarization, spin-exchange optical pumping, and brute-force polarization. Meanwhile, a wide range of nuclei can be hyperpolarized, such as 2H, 3He, 13C, 15 N, 31P, and 129Xe. The signal can be increased and allows real-time observation of biological perfusion, metabolite transport, and metabolic reactions in vivo, overcoming the disadvantages of conventional magnetic resonance of low sensitivity. HP-NMR imaging of different nuclear substrates provides a unique opportunity and invention to map the metabolic changes in various organs without invasive procedures. This review aims to focus on the recent applications of multi-NMR technology not only in a range of preliminary animal experiments but also in various disease spectrum in human. Furthermore, we will discuss the future challenges and opportunities of this multi-NMR from a clinical perspective, in the hope of truly bridging the gap between cutting-edge molecular biology and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiwei Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Jiang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Che
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Wan
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Yao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Gao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazheng Wang
- Clinical & Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Radiology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, China.
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Large-scale investigation of deep learning approaches for ventilated lung segmentation using multi-nuclear hyperpolarized gas MRI. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10566. [PMID: 35732795 PMCID: PMC9217976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14672-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Pulmonary imaging is an essential component of the diagnosis, treatment planning, monitoring, and treatment assessment of respiratory diseases. Insights into numerous pulmonary pathologies can be gleaned from functional lung MRI techniques. These include hyperpolarized gas ventilation MRI, which enables visualization and quantification of regional lung ventilation with high spatial resolution. Segmentation of the ventilated lung is required to calculate clinically relevant biomarkers. Recent research in deep learning (DL) has shown promising results for numerous segmentation problems. Here, we evaluate several 3D convolutional neural networks to segment ventilated lung regions on hyperpolarized gas MRI scans. The dataset consists of 759 helium-3 (3He) or xenon-129 (129Xe) volumetric scans and corresponding expert segmentations from 341 healthy subjects and patients with a wide range of pathologies. We evaluated segmentation performance for several DL experimental methods via overlap, distance and error metrics and compared them to conventional segmentation methods, namely, spatial fuzzy c-means (SFCM) and K-means clustering. We observed that training on combined 3He and 129Xe MRI scans using a 3D nn-UNet outperformed other DL methods, achieving a mean ± SD Dice coefficient of 0.963 ± 0.018, average boundary Hausdorff distance of 1.505 ± 0.969 mm, Hausdorff 95th percentile of 5.754 ± 6.621 mm and relative error of 0.075 ± 0.039. Moreover, limited differences in performance were observed between 129Xe and 3He scans in the testing set. Combined training on 129Xe and 3He yielded statistically significant improvements over the conventional methods (p < 0.0001). In addition, we observed very strong correlation and agreement between DL and expert segmentations, with Pearson correlation of 0.99 (p < 0.0001) and Bland-Altman bias of - 0.8%. The DL approach evaluated provides accurate, robust and rapid segmentations of ventilated lung regions and successfully excludes non-lung regions such as the airways and artefacts. This approach is expected to eliminate the need for, or significantly reduce, subsequent time-consuming manual editing.
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9
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Ding Z, Cheng Z, She H, Liu B, Yin Y, Du YP. Dynamic pulmonary MRI using motion-state weighted motion-compensation (MostMoCo) reconstruction with ultrashort TE: A structural and functional study. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:224-238. [PMID: 35388914 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve the quality of structural images and the quantification of ventilation in free-breathing dynamic pulmonary MRI. METHODS A 3D radial ultrashort TE (UTE) sequence with superior-inferior navigators was used to acquire pulmonary data during free breathing. All acquired data were binned into different motion states according to the respiratory signal extracted from superior-inferior navigators. Motion-resolved images were reconstructed using eXtra-Dimensional (XD) UTE reconstruction. The initial motion fields were generated by registering images at each motion state to other motion states in motion-resolved images. A motion-state weighted motion-compensation (MostMoCo) reconstruction algorithm was proposed to reconstruct the dynamic UTE images. This technique, termed as MostMoCo-UTE, was compared with XD-UTE and iterative motion-compensation (iMoCo) on a porcine lung and 10 subjects. RESULTS MostMoCo reconstruction provides higher peak SNR (37.0 vs. 35.4 and 34.2) and structural similarity (0.964 vs. 0.931 and 0.947) compared to XD-UTE and iMoCo in the porcine lung experiment. Higher apparent SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio are achieved using MostMoCo in the human experiment. MostMoCo reconstruction better preserves the temporal variations of signal intensity of parenchyma compared to iMoCo, shows reduced random noise and improved sharpness of anatomical structures compared to XD-UTE. In the porcine lung experiment, the quantification of ventilation using MostMoCo images is more accurate than that using XD-UTE and iMoCo images. CONCLUSION The proposed MostMoCo-UTE provides improved quality of structural images and quantification of ventilation for free-breathing pulmonary MRI. It has the potential for the detection of structural and functional disorders of the lung in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekang Ding
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Zenghui Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huajun She
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfang Yin
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yiping P Du
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Niedbalski PJ, Choi J, Hall CS, Castro M. Imaging in Asthma Management. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 43:613-626. [PMID: 35211923 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation that affects more than 300 million people worldwide. Clinically, asthma has a widely variable presentation and is defined based on a history of respiratory symptoms alongside airflow limitation. Imaging is not needed to confirm a diagnosis of asthma, and thus the use of imaging in asthma has historically been limited to excluding alternative diagnoses. However, significant advances continue to be made in novel imaging methodologies, which have been increasingly used to better understand respiratory impairment in asthma. As a disease primarily impacting the airways, asthma is best understood by imaging methods with the ability to elucidate airway impairment. Techniques such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging with gaseous contrast agents, and positron emission tomography enable assessment of the small airways. Others, such as optical coherence tomography and endobronchial ultrasound enable high-resolution imaging of the large airways accessible to bronchoscopy. These imaging techniques are providing new insights in the pathophysiology and treatments of asthma and are poised to impact the clinical management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Niedbalski
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jiwoong Choi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Chase S Hall
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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11
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Javed A, Ramasawmy R, O'Brien K, Mancini C, Su P, Majeed W, Benkert T, Bhat H, Suffredini AF, Malayeri A, Campbell-Washburn AE. Self-gated 3D stack-of-spirals UTE pulmonary imaging at 0.55T. Magn Reson Med 2021; 87:1784-1798. [PMID: 34783391 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an isotropic high-resolution stack-of-spirals UTE sequence for pulmonary imaging at 0.55 Tesla by leveraging a combination of robust respiratory-binning, trajectory correction, and concomitant-field corrections. METHODS A stack-of-spirals golden-angle UTE sequence was used to continuously acquire data for 15.5 minutes. The data was binned to a stable respiratory phase based on superoinferior readout self-navigator signals. Corrections for trajectory errors and concomitant field artifacts, along with image reconstruction with conjugate gradient SENSE, were performed inline within the Gadgetron framework. Finally, data were retrospectively reconstructed to simulate scan times of 5, 8.5, and 12 minutes. Image quality was assessed using signal-to-noise, image sharpness, and qualitative reader scores. The technique was evaluated in healthy volunteers, patients with coronavirus disease 2019 infection, and patients with lung nodules. RESULTS The technique provided diagnostic quality images with parenchymal lung SNR of 3.18 ± 0.0.60, 4.57 ± 0.87, 5.45 ± 1.02, and 5.89 ± 1.28 for scan times of 5, 8.5, 12, and 15.5 minutes, respectively. The respiratory binning technique resulted in significantly sharper images (p < 0.001) as measured with relative maximum derivative at the diaphragm. Concomitant field corrections visibly improved sharpness of anatomical structures away from iso-center. The image quality was maintained with a slight loss in SNR for simulated scan times down to 8.5 minutes. Inline image reconstruction and artifact correction were achieved in <5 minutes. CONCLUSION The proposed pulmonary imaging technique combined efficient stack-of-spirals imaging with robust respiratory binning, concomitant field correction, and trajectory correction to generate diagnostic quality images with 1.75 mm isotropic resolution in 8.5 minutes on a high-performance 0.55 Tesla system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Javed
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rajiv Ramasawmy
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kendall O'Brien
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christine Mancini
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Pan Su
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Waqas Majeed
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Himanshu Bhat
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anthony F Suffredini
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ashkan Malayeri
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Adrienne E Campbell-Washburn
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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12
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Balasch A, Metze P, Li H, Rottbauer W, Abaei A, Rasche V. Tiny golden angle ultrashort echo-time lung imaging in mice. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4591. [PMID: 34322941 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Imaging the lung parenchyma with MRI is particularly difficult in small animals due to the high respiratory and heart rates, and ultrashort T2* at high magnetic field strength caused by the high susceptibilities induced by the air-tissue interfaces. In this study, a 2D ultrashort echo-time (UTE) technique was combined with tiny golden angle (tyGA) ordering. Data were acquired continuously at 11.7 T and retrospective center-of-k-space gating was applied to reconstruct respiratory multistage images. Lung (proton) density (fP ), T2*, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), fractional ventilation (FV) and perfusion (f) were quantified, and the application to dynamic contrast agent (CA)-enhanced (DCE) qualitative perfusion assessment tested. The interobserver and intraobserver and interstudy reproducibility of the quantitative parameters were investigated. High-quality images of the lung parenchyma could be acquired in all animals. Over all lung regions a mean T2* of 0.20 ± 0.05 ms was observed. FV resulted as 0.31 ± 0.13, and a trend towards lower SNR values during inspiration (EX: SNR = 12.48 ± 6.68, IN: SNR = 11.79 ± 5.86) and a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in lung density (EX: fP = 0.69 ± 0.13, IN: fP = 0.62 ± 0.13) were observed. Quantitative perfusion results as 34.63 ± 9.05 mL/cm3 /min (systole) and 32.77 ± 8.55 mL/cm3 /min (diastole) on average. The CA dynamics could be assessed and, because of the continuous nature of the data acquisition, reconstructed at different temporal resolutions. Where a good to excellent interobserver reproducibility and an excellent intraobserver reproducibility resulted, the interstudy reproducibility was only fair to good. In conclusion, the combination of tiny golden angles with UTE (2D tyGA UTE) resulted in a reliable imaging technique for lung morphology and function in mice, providing uniform k-space coverage and thus low-artefact images of the lung parenchyma after gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Balasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Patrick Metze
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, People's Republic of China
- Core Facility Small Animal Imaging (CF-SANI), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rottbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alireza Abaei
- Core Facility Small Animal Imaging (CF-SANI), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Volker Rasche
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
- Core Facility Small Animal Imaging (CF-SANI), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Imaging of congenital lung diseases presenting in the adulthood: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging 2021; 12:153. [PMID: 34716817 PMCID: PMC8557233 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-01095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital lung diseases in adults are rare diseases that can present with symptoms or be detected incidentally. Familiarity with the imaging features of different types of congenital lung diseases helps both in correct diagnosis and management of these diseases. Congenital lung diseases in adults are classified into three main categories as bronchopulmonary anomalies, vascular anomalies, and combined bronchopulmonary and vascular anomalies. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography, especially 3D reconstructions, CT, or MR angiography, can show vascular anomalies in detail. The tracheobronchial tree, parenchymal changes, and possible complications can also be defined on chest CT, and new applications such as quantitative 3D reconstruction CT images, dual-energy CT (DECT) can be helpful in imaging parenchymal changes. In addition to the morphological assessment of the lungs, novel MRI techniques such as ultra-short echo time (UTE), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and phase-resolved functional lung (PREFUL) can provide functional information. This pictorial review aims to comprehensively define the radiological characteristics of each congenital lung disease in adults and to highlight differential diagnoses and possible complications of these diseases.
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14
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Afrough A. Magnetic resonance free induction decay in geological porous materials. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2021; 44:107. [PMID: 34417887 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance is an important noninvasive technology across life sciences and industry. Free induction decay is the simplest [Formula: see text]H magnetic resonance measurement method and an important means of probing fast-decaying signals in porous materials such as rocks, lung, and bone. It is commonly assumed that the free induction decay in geological porous materials is single-exponential. We experimentally observed two regimes of free induction decay behavior in geological porous materials: single-exponential and non-exponential decay. Numerical simulations that match experimental data highlight the effect of mass diffusion, especially in the single-exponential behavior. These two regimes of free induction decay in porous materials are associated with a bifurcation point in the solutions of the Bloch-Torrey equation for diffusion of fluids in confined domains in the presence of internal magnetic field gradients. This finding facilitates the extraction of absolute internal magnetic field gradient intensities from simple free induction decay measurements in the laboratory and field. This work also warns against common single-exponential assumptions in surface magnetic resonance methods employed in surveying underground water aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Afrough
- Danish Hydrocarbon Research and Technology Centre, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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15
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Zhu X, Tan F, Johnson K, Larson P. Optimizing trajectory ordering for fast radial ultra-short TE (UTE) acquisitions. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 327:106977. [PMID: 33873091 PMCID: PMC8164474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2021.106977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Additional spoiler gradients are required in 3D UTE sequences with random view ordering to suppress magnetization refocusing. By leveraging the encoding gradient induced spoiling effect, the spoiler gradients could potentially be reduced or removed to shorten the TR and increase encoding efficiency. An analysis framework is built that models the gradient spoiling effects and a new ordering scheme is proposed for fast 3D UTE acquisition. THEORY AND METHODS UTE signal evolution and spatial encoding gradient induced spoiling effect are derived from the Bloch equations. And the concept is validated in 2D radial UTE simulation. Then an optimized ordering scheme, named reordered 2D golden angle (r2DGA) scheme, for 3D UTE acquisition is proposed. The r2DGA scheme is compared to the sequential and 3D golden angle schemes in both phantom and volunteer studies. RESULTS The proposed r2DGA ordering scheme was applied to two applications, single breath-holding and free breathing 3D lung MRI. With r2DGA ordering scheme, breath-holding lung MRI scan increased 60% scan efficiency by removing the spoiler gradients and the free breathing scan reduced 20% scan time compared to the 3D golden angle scheme by reducing the spoiler gradients. CONCLUSIONS The proposed r2DGA ordering scheme UTE acquisition reduces the need of spoiler gradients and increases the encoding efficiency, and shows improvements in both breath-holding and free breathing lung MRI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xucheng Zhu
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Fei Tan
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kevin Johnson
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States; Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Peder Larson
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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16
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Stecker IR, Freeman MS, Sitaraman S, Hall CS, Niedbalski PJ, Hendricks AJ, Martin EP, Weaver TE, Cleveland ZI. Preclinical MRI to Quantify Pulmonary Disease Severity and Trajectories in Poorly Characterized Mouse Models: A Pedagogical Example Using Data from Novel Transgenic Models of Lung Fibrosis. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE OPEN 2021; 6-7. [PMID: 34414381 PMCID: PMC8372031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmro.2021.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Structural remodeling in lung disease is progressive and heterogeneous, making temporally and spatially explicit information necessary to understand disease initiation and progression. While mouse models are essential to elucidate mechanistic pathways underlying disease, the experimental tools commonly available to quantify lung disease burden are typically invasive (e.g., histology). This necessitates large cross-sectional studies with terminal endpoints, which increases experimental complexity and expense. Alternatively, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides information noninvasively, thus permitting robust, repeated-measures statistics. Although lung MRI is challenging due to low tissue density and rapid apparent transverse relaxation (T2* <1 ms), various imaging methods have been proposed to quantify disease burden. However, there are no widely accepted strategies for preclinical lung MRI. As such, it can be difficult for researchers who lack lung imaging expertise to design experimental protocols-particularly for novel mouse models. Here, we build upon prior work from several research groups to describe a widely applicable acquisition and analysis pipeline that can be implemented without prior preclinical pulmonary MRI experience. Our approach utilizes 3D radial ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI with retrospective gating and lung segmentation is facilitated with a deep-learning algorithm. This pipeline was deployed to assess disease dynamics over 255 days in novel, transgenic mouse models of lung fibrosis based on disease-associated, loss-of-function mutations in Surfactant Protein-C. Previously identified imaging biomarkers (tidal volume, signal coefficient of variation, etc.) were calculated semi-automatically from these data, with an objectively-defined high signal volume identified as the most robust metric. Beyond quantifying disease dynamics, we discuss common pitfalls encountered in preclinical lung MRI and present systematic approaches to identify and mitigate these challenges. While the experimental results and specific pedagogical examples are confined to lung fibrosis, the tools and approaches presented should be broadly useful to quantify structural lung disease in a wide range of mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R Stecker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Matthew S Freeman
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Sneha Sitaraman
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Chase S Hall
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Peter J Niedbalski
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Alexandra J Hendricks
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Emily P Martin
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Timothy E Weaver
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Zackary I Cleveland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221
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Goralski JL, Stewart NJ, Woods JC. Novel imaging techniques for cystic fibrosis lung disease. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56 Suppl 1:S40-S54. [PMID: 32592531 PMCID: PMC7808406 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With an increasing number of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) receiving highly effective CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator protein) modulator therapy, particularly at a young age, there is an increasing need to identify imaging tools that can detect and regionally visualize mild CF lung disease and subtle changes in disease state. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in imaging modalities for both structural and functional imaging of the lung available to CF clinicians and researchers, from the widely available, clinically utilized imaging methods for assessing CF lung disease-chest radiography and computed tomography-to newer techniques poised to become the next phase of clinical tools-structural/functional proton and hyperpolarized gas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Finally, we provide a brief discussion of several newer lung imaging techniques that are currently available only in selected research settings, including chest tomosynthesis, and fluorinated gas MRI. We provide an update on the clinical and/or research status of each technique, with a focus on sensitivity, early disease detection, and possibilities for monitoring treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Goralski
- UNC Cystic Fibrosis Center, Marsico Lung Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Neil J Stewart
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, POLARIS Group, Imaging Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jason C Woods
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Lee H, Zhao X, Song HK, Wehrli FW. Self-Navigated Three-Dimensional Ultrashort Echo Time Technique for Motion-Corrected Skull MRI. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2020; 39:2869-2880. [PMID: 32149683 PMCID: PMC7484857 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2020.2978405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI is capable of detecting signals from protons with very short T2 relaxation times, and thus has potential for skull-selective imaging as a radiation-free alternative to computed tomography. However, relatively long scan times make the technique vulnerable to artifacts from involuntary subject motion. Here, we developed a self-navigated, three-dimensional (3D) UTE pulse sequence, which builds on dual-RF, dual-echo UTE imaging, and a retrospective motion correction scheme for motion-resistant skull MRI. Full echo signals in the second readout serve as a self-navigator that yields a time-course of center of mass, allowing for adaptive determination of motion states. Furthermore, golden-means based k-space trajectory was employed to achieve a quasi-uniform distribution of sampling views on a spherical k-space surface for any subset of the entire data collected, thereby allowing reconstruction of low-resolution images pertaining to each motion state for subsequent estimation of rigid-motion parameters. Finally, the extracted trajectory of the head was used to make the whole k-space datasets motion-consistent, leading to motion-corrected, high-resolution images. Additionally, we posit that hardware-related k-space trajectory errors, if uncorrected, result in obscured bone contrast. Thus, a calibration scan was performed once to measure k-space encoding locations, subsequently used during image reconstruction of actual imaging data. In vivo studies were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed correction schemes in combination with approaches to accelerated bone-selective imaging. Results illustrating effective removal of motion artifacts and clear depiction of skull bone voxels suggest that the proposed method is robust to intermittent head motions during scanning.
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Bae K, Jeon KN, Hwang MJ, Lee JS, Park SE, Kim HC, Menini A. Respiratory motion-resolved four-dimensional zero echo time (4D ZTE) lung MRI using retrospective soft gating: feasibility and image quality compared with 3D ZTE. Eur Radiol 2020; 30:5130-5138. [PMID: 32333146 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06890-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the feasibility and image quality of respiratory motion-resolved 4D zero echo time (ZTE) lung MRI compared with that of 3D ZTE. METHODS Our institutional review board approved this study. Twenty-one patients underwent lung scans using 3D ZTE and 4D ZTE sequences via prospective and retrospective soft gating techniques, respectively. Image qualities of 3D ZTE and 4D ZTE at end-expiration were compared through objective and subjective assessments. The quality of end-expiratory images of 3D ZTE and 4D ZTE of the two groups with different lung functions was also compared. RESULTS Images were successfully acquired in all patients without any adverse events. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of lung parenchyma and thoracic structures were significantly (all p < 0.001) higher in 4D ZTE. Contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of peripheral bronchi, peripheral pulmonary vessels, and nodules or masses were significantly (all p < 0.001) higher in 4D ZTE. The subjective image quality assessed by two independent radiologists showed that intrapulmonary structures, noise and artifacts, and overall acceptability were superior in 4D ZTE (all p < 0.001). Image qualities of groups with normal and low lung functions differed significantly (all p < 0.05) in 3D ZTE, but not in 4D ZTE. The mean acquisition time was 136 s (127-143 s) in 3D ZTE and 325 s (308-352 s) in 4D ZTE. CONCLUSIONS Respiratory motion-resolved 4D ZTE lung imaging was feasible as part of routine chest MRI. The 4D ZTE provides motion-robust lung parenchymal images with better SNR and CNR than the 3D ZTE, regardless of patients' lung function. KEY POINTS • ZTE MRI captures rapidly decaying transverse magnetization in the lung parenchyma. • 4D ZTE provides motion-robust lung parenchymal images with better SNR and CNR compared with 3D ZTE. • Compared with 3D ZTE, the image quality of 4D ZTE lung MRI was affected less by patients' lung function and respiratory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsoo Bae
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 555 Samjeongja-dong, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Kyung Nyeo Jeon
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea. .,Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 555 Samjeongja-dong, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, South Korea.
| | | | - Joon Sung Lee
- General Electric (GE) Healthcare Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Eun Park
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 555 Samjeongja-dong, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Ho Cheol Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Anne Menini
- Applied Science Lab, GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, USA
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20
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Latta P, Starčuk Z, Kojan M, Gruwel MLH, Tomanek B, Trattnig S, Juras V. Simple compensation method for improved half-pulse excitation profile with rephasing gradient. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:1796-1805. [PMID: 32129544 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve the slice profile quality obtained by RF half-pulse excitation for 2D-UTE applications. METHODS The overall first-order and zero-order phase errors along the slice-selection direction were obtained with the help of an optimization task to minimize the out-of-slice signal contamination from the calibration 1-dimenisonal (1D) profile data. The time-phase-error evolution was approximated from the k-space readout data, which were acquired primarily for correction of the readout trajectories during data regridding to the rectilinear grids. The correction of the slice profile was achieved by rephasing gradient pulses applied immediately after the end of excitation. The total prescan calibration typically took less than 2 minutes. RESULTS The improved image quality using the proposed calibration method was demonstrated both on phantoms and on ankle images obtained from healthy volunteers. It was demonstrated that calibration can be performed either as a separate water phantom measurement or directly as a prescan procedure. CONCLUSION The slice-profile distortion from the half-pulse excitation could substantially affect the overall fidelity of 2D-UTE images. The presented experiments proved that the image quality could be substantially increased by application of the proposed slice-correction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Latta
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zenon Starčuk
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kojan
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marco L H Gruwel
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Boguslaw Tomanek
- Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir Juras
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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21
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Chen L, Zeng X, Ji B, Liu D, Wang J, Zhang J, Feng L. Improving dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the lung using motion-weighted sparse reconstruction: Initial experiences in patients. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 68:36-44. [PMID: 32001328 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of motion-weighted Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel MRI (motion-weighted GRASP) for free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) of the lung. METHODS Motion-weighted GRASP incorporates a soft-gating motion compensation algorithm into standard GRASP reconstruction, so that motion-corrupted motion k-space (e.g., k-space acquired in inspiratory phases) contributes less to the final reconstructed images. Lung MR data from 20 patients (mean age = 57.9 ± 13.5) with known pulmonary lesions were retrospectively collected for this study. Each subject underwent a free-breathing DCE-MR scan using a fat-statured T1-weighted stack-of-stars golden-angle radial sequence and a post-contrast breath-hold MR scan using a Cartesian volumetric-interpolated imaging sequence (BH-VIBE). Each radial dataset was reconstructed using GRASP without motion compensation and motion-weighted GRASP. All MR images were visually evaluated by two experienced radiologists blinded to reconstruction and acquisition schemes independently. In addition, the influence of motion-weighted reconstruction on dynamic contrast-enhancement patterns was also investigated. RESULTS For image quality assessment, motion-weighted GRASP received significantly higher visual scores than GRASP (P < 0.05) for overall image quality (3.68 vs. 3.39), lesion conspicuity (3.54 vs. 3.18) and overall artifact level (3.53 vs. 3.15). There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the breath-hold BH-VIBE and motion-weighted GRASP images. For assessment of temporal fidelity, motion-weighted GRASP maintained a good agreement with respect to GRASP. CONCLUSION Motion-weighted GRASP achieved better reconstruction performance in free-breathing DCE-MRI of the lung compared to standard GRASP, and it may enable improved assessment of pulmonary lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chen
- Department of Radiology, PLA 904 Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianchun Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Ji
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Daihong Liu
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Jiuquan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Li Feng
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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22
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Hirsch FW, Sorge I, Vogel-Claussen J, Roth C, Gräfe D, Päts A, Voskrebenzev A, Anders RM. The current status and further prospects for lung magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric radiology. Pediatr Radiol 2020; 50:734-749. [PMID: 31996938 PMCID: PMC7150663 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-019-04594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung MRI makes it possible to replace up to 90% of CT examinations with radiation-free magnetic resonance diagnostics of the lungs without suffering any diagnostic loss. The individual radiation exposure can thus be relevantly reduced. This applies in particular to children who repeatedly require sectional imaging of the lung, e.g., in tumor surveillance or in chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis. In this paper we discuss various factors that favor the establishment of lung MRI in the clinical setting. Among the many sequences proposed for lung imaging, respiration-triggered T2-W turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequences have been established as a good standard for children. Additional sequences are mostly dispensable. The most important pulmonary findings are demonstrated here in the form of a detailed pictorial essay. T1-weighted gradient echo sequences with ultrashort echo time are a new option. These sequences anticipate signal loss in the lung and deliver CT-like images with high spatial resolution. When using self-gated T1-W ultrashort echo time 3-D sequences that acquire iso-voxel geometry in the sub-millimeter range, secondary reconstructions are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Wolfgang Hirsch
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ina Sorge
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Vogel-Claussen
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Centre for Lung Research, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Roth
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Gräfe
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Päts
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Voskrebenzev
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Centre for Lung Research, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rebecca Marie Anders
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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23
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Crémillieux Y, Montigaud Y, Bal C, Pinaud N, Pham V, Perinel S, Natuzzi M, Lux F, Tillement O, Ichinose N, Zhang B, Pourchez J. Three-dimensional quantitative MRI of aerosolized gadolinium-based nanoparticles and contrast agents in isolated ventilated porcine lungs. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:1774-1782. [PMID: 31654446 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to evaluate the suitability and performance of ultra-short echo time (UTE) sequences for imaging and quantifying the deposition of nebulized MRI contrast agents in human-sized lungs. METHODS Nebulization of clinically used contrast agent or gadolinium-based nanoparticles were performed using a commercial jet nebulizer in isolated and ventilated porcine lungs connected to a 3D-printed human upper airways replica. MR images of isolated lungs were acquired on a 3T clinical MR scanner using 3D UTE sequences at different flip angles. RESULTS 3D acquisitions with isotropic millimetric resolution were obtained in less than 4 min. Images exhibit homogeneous and large MR signal enhancement (above 200%) following nebulization of both types of aerosols. Deposition of aerosol down to the level of the bronchi of secondary lobules was visualized. T1 values and the concentration of nanoparticles obtained by MRI were found to correlate with the amount of nebulized gadolinium3+ ions. CONCLUSION The distribution of aerosolized gadolinium-based contrast agent or nanoparticles can be visualized and quantified using UTE MRI in large animal ventilated lung model on a clinical MRI scanner. This protocol can be used for assessing and quantifying aerosol regional deposition with high spatial resolution (1 mm 3D isotropic) without ionizing radiation and could be applied in the future for diagnostic or therapeutic applications in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Crémillieux
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yoann Montigaud
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Noël Pinaud
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vi Pham
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Perinel
- INSERM U 1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France.,CHU Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marco Natuzzi
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - François Lux
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Bei Zhang
- Canon Medical Systems Europe, Zoetermeer, Netherlands
| | - Jérémie Pourchez
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, Saint-Etienne, France
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24
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Weiger M, Pruessmann KP. Short-T 2 MRI: Principles and recent advances. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 114-115:237-270. [PMID: 31779882 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Among current modalities of biomedical and diagnostic imaging, MRI stands out by virtue of its versatile contrast obtained without ionizing radiation. However, in various cases, e.g., water protons in tissues such as bone, tendon, and lung, MRI performance is limited by the rapid decay of resonance signals associated with short transverse relaxation times T2 or T2*. Efforts to address this shortcoming have led to a variety of specialized short-T2 techniques. Recent progress in this field expands the choice of methods and prompts fresh considerations with regard to instrumentation, data acquisition, and signal processing. In this review, the current status of short-T2 MRI is surveyed. In an attempt to structure the growing range of techniques, the presentation highlights overarching concepts and basic methodological options. The most frequently used approaches are described in detail, including acquisition strategies, image reconstruction, hardware requirements, means of introducing contrast, sources of artifacts, limitations, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Weiger
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Klaas P Pruessmann
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Zhu X, Chan M, Lustig M, Johnson KM, Larson PEZ. Iterative motion-compensation reconstruction ultra-short TE (iMoCo UTE) for high-resolution free-breathing pulmonary MRI. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:1208-1221. [PMID: 31565817 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a high-scanning efficiency, motion-corrected imaging strategy for free-breathing pulmonary MRI by combining an iterative motion-compensation reconstruction with a ultrashort echo time (UTE) acquisition called iMoCo UTE. METHODS An optimized golden-angle ordering radial UTE sequence was used to continuously acquire data for 5 minutes. All readouts were grouped to different respiratory motion states based on self-navigator signals, and then motion-resolved data was reconstructed by XD golden-angle radial sparse parallel reconstruction. One state from the motion-resolved images was selected as a reference, and then motion fields from the other states to the reference were derived via nonrigid registration. Finally, all motion-resolved data and motion fields were reconstructed by using an iterative motion-compensation (MoCo) reconstruction with a total generalized variation sparse constraint. RESULTS The iMoCo UTE strategy was evaluated in volunteers and nonsedated pediatric patient (4-6 years old) studies. Images reconstructed with iMoCo UTE provided sharper anatomical lung structures and higher apparent SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio compared to using other motion-correction strategies, such as soft-gating, motion-resolved reconstruction, and nonrigid MoCo. iMoCo UTE also showed promising results in an infant study. CONCLUSION The proposed iMoCo UTE combines self-navigation, motion modeling, and a compressed sensing reconstruction to increase scan efficiency and SNR and to reduce respiratory motion in lung MRI. This proposed strategy shows improvements in free-breathing lung MRI scans, especially in very challenging application situations such as pediatric MRI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xucheng Zhu
- UCSF/UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Marilynn Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Michael Lustig
- UCSF/UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Kevin M Johnson
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- UCSF/UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
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26
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Roach DJ, Ruangnapa K, Fleck RJ, Rattan MS, Zhang Y, Hossain MM, Guilbert TW, Woods JC. Structural lung abnormalities on computed tomography correlate with asthma inflammation in bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid. J Asthma 2019; 57:968-979. [PMID: 31187669 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1622714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Image scoring systems have been developed to assess the severity of specific lung abnormalities in patients diagnosed with various pulmonary diseases except for asthma. A comprehensive asthma imaging scoring system may identify specific abnormalities potentially linking these to inflammatory phenotypes.Methods: Computed tomography (CT) images of 88 children with asthma (50 M/38 F, mean age 7.8 ± 5.4 years) acquired within 12 months of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) sampling that assessed airway inflammation cell types were reviewed along with CT images of 49 controls (27 M/22 F, mean age 3.4 ± 2.2 years). Images were scored using a comprehensive scoring system to quantify bronchiectasis (BR), bronchial wall thickening (BWT), ground glass opacity, mucus plugging (MP), consolidations, linear densities (LD), and air trapping (AT). Each category was scored 0-2 in each of six lobar regions (with lingula separated from left upper lobe).Results: Absolute average overall scores of the controls and children with asthma were 0.72 ± 1.59 and 5.39 ± 5.83, respectively (P < 0.0001). Children with asthma scored significantly higher for BR (N = 20, 0.33 ± 0.80, P = 0.0002), BWT (N = 28, 0.72 ± 1.40, P < 0.0001), MP (N = 28, 0.37 ± 1.12, P = 0.0052), consolidation (N = 31, 0.67 ± 1.22, P < 0.0001), LD (N = 58, 1.12 ± 1.44, P < 0.0001), and AT (N = 52, 1.78 ± 2.31, P < 0.0001). There was a significant difference between the BR score of children with positive inflammatory response in BALF (N = 53) and those who were negative for airway inflammation cells (0.14 ± 0.36, P = 0.040).Conclusions: Significant lung structural abnormalities were readily identified on CT of children with asthma, with image differentiation of those with an inflammatory response on BALF. Chest imaging demonstrates potential as a noninvasive clinical tool for additional characterization of asthma phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Roach
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kanokpan Ruangnapa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Robert J Fleck
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mantosh S Rattan
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Md Monir Hossain
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Theresa W Guilbert
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jason C Woods
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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27
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Su KH, Friel HT, Kuo JW, Al Helo R, Baydoun A, Stehning C, Crisan AN, Traughber MS, Devaraj A, Jordan DW, Qian P, Leisser A, Ellis RJ, Herrmann KA, Avril N, Traughber BJ, Muzic RF. UTE-mDixon-based thorax synthetic CT generation. Med Phys 2019; 46:3520-3531. [PMID: 31063248 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Accurate photon attenuation assessment from MR data remains an unmet challenge in the thorax due to tissue heterogeneity and the difficulty of MR lung imaging. As thoracic tissues encompass the whole physiologic range of photon absorption, large errors can occur when using, for example, a uniform, water-equivalent or a soft-tissue-only approximation. The purpose of this study was to introduce a method for voxel-wise thoracic synthetic CT (sCT) generation from MR data attenuation correction (AC) for PET/MR or for MR-only radiation treatment planning (RTP). METHODS Acquisition: A radial stack-of-stars combining ultra-short-echo time (UTE) and modified Dixon (mDixon) sequence was optimized for thoracic imaging. The UTE-mDixon pulse sequence collects MR signals at three TE times denoted as UTE, Echo1, and Echo2. Three-point mDixon processing was used to reconstruct water and fat images. Bias field correction was applied in order to avoid artifacts caused by inhomogeneity of the MR magnetic field. ANALYSIS Water fraction and R2* maps were estimated using the UTE-mDixon data to produce a total of seven MR features, that is UTE, Echo1, Echo2, Dixon water, Dixon fat, Water fraction, and R2*. A feature selection process was performed to determine the optimal feature combination for the proposed automatic, 6-tissue classification for sCT generation. Fuzzy c-means was used for the automatic classification which was followed by voxel-wise attenuation coefficient assignment as a weighted sum of those of the component tissues. Performance evaluation: MR data collected using the proposed pulse sequence were compared to those using a traditional two-point Dixon approach. Image quality measures, including image resolution and uniformity, were evaluated using an MR ACR phantom. Data collected from 25 normal volunteers were used to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method compared to the template-based approach. Notably, the template approach is applicable here, that is normal volunteers, but may not be robust enough for patients with pathologies. RESULTS The free breathing UTE-mDixon pulse sequence yielded images with quality comparable to those using the traditional breath holding mDixon sequence. Furthermore, by capturing the signal before T2* decay, the UTE-mDixon image provided lung and bone information which the mDixon image did not. The combination of Dixon water, Dixon fat, and the Water fraction was the most robust for tissue clustering and supported the classification of six tissues, that is, air, lung, fat, soft tissue, low-density bone, and dense bone, used to generate the sCT. The thoracic sCT had a mean absolute difference from the template-based (reference) CT of less than 50 HU and which was better agreement with the reference CT than the results produced using the traditional Dixon-based data. CONCLUSION MR thoracic acquisition and analyses have been established to automatically provide six distinguishable tissue types to generate sCT for MR-based AC of PET/MR and for MR-only RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hao Su
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Jung-Wen Kuo
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rose Al Helo
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Atallah Baydoun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Adina N Crisan
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | - David W Jordan
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pengjiang Qian
- School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Asha Leisser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rodney J Ellis
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Karin A Herrmann
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Norbert Avril
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bryan J Traughber
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Raymond F Muzic
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Désogère P, Montesi SB, Caravan P. Molecular Probes for Imaging Fibrosis and Fibrogenesis. Chemistry 2019; 25:1128-1141. [PMID: 30014529 PMCID: PMC6542638 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis, or the accumulation of extracellular matrix molecules that make up scar tissue, is a common result of chronic tissue injury. Advances in the clinical management of fibrotic diseases have been hampered by the low sensitivity and specificity of noninvasive early diagnostic options, lack of surrogate end points for use in clinical trials, and a paucity of noninvasive tools to assess fibrotic disease activity longitudinally. Hence, the development of new methods to image fibrosis and fibrogenesis is a large unmet clinical need. Herein, an overview of recent and selected molecular probes for imaging of fibrosis and fibrogenesis by magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and single photon emission computed tomography is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Désogère
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- The Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02128, USA
| | - Sydney B Montesi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Peter Caravan
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- The Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02128, USA
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Lee H, Zhao X, Song HK, Zhang R, Bartlett SP, Wehrli FW. Rapid dual-RF, dual-echo, 3D ultrashort echo time craniofacial imaging: A feasibility study. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:3007-3016. [PMID: 30565286 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a dual-radiofrequency (RF), dual-echo, 3D ultrashort echo-time (UTE) pulse sequence and bone-selective image reconstruction for rapid high-resolution craniofacial MRI. METHODS The proposed pulse sequence builds on recently introduced dual-RF UTE imaging. While yielding enhanced bone specificity by exploiting high sensitivity of short T2 signals to variable RF pulse widths, the parent technique exacts a 2-fold scan time penalty relative to standard dual-echo UTE. In the proposed method, the parent sequence's dual-RF scheme was incorporated into dual-echo acquisitions while radial view angles are varied every pulse-to-pulse repetition period. The resulting 4 echoes (2 for each RF) were combined by view-sharing to construct 2 sets of k-space data sets, corresponding to short and long TEs, respectively, leading to a 2-fold increase in imaging efficiency. Furthermore, by exploiting the sparsity of bone signals in echo-difference images, acceleration was achieved by solving a bone-sparsity constrained image reconstruction problem. In vivo studies were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed acceleration approaches in comparison to the parent method. RESULTS The proposed technique achieves 1.1-mm isotropic skull imaging in 3 minutes without visual loss of image quality, compared to the parent technique (scan time = 12 minutes). Bone-specific images and corresponding 3D renderings of the skull were found to depict the expected craniofacial anatomy over the entire head. CONCLUSION The proposed method is able to achieve high-resolution volumetric craniofacial images in a clinically practical imaging time, and thus may prove useful as a potential alternative to computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunyeol Lee
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xia Zhao
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hee Kwon Song
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rosaline Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott P Bartlett
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Felix W Wehrli
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Gadolinium-Based Blood Volume Mapping From MRI With Ultrashort TE Versus CT and SPECT for Predicting Postoperative Lung Function in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018; 212:57-66. [PMID: 30422708 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.18.20095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to directly compare the capability of gadolinium-based blood volume (BV) mapping from MRI (BV-MRI) with ultrashort TE (UTE) with that of CT and perfusion SPECT in predicting the postoperative lung function of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI with UTE, thin-section CT, and perfusion SPECT examinations and measurements of the percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) before and after lung resection were performed for 29 patients with NSCLC (16 men [mean age, 66 years] and 13 women [mean age, 66 years]). BV-MRI with UTE was generated as a percentage of the signal change between unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI. The postoperative percentage of FEV1 was predicted from perfusion fractions derived from BV-MRI with UTE and from SPECT. Quantitatively and qualitatively predicted postoperative percentages of FEV1 from CT were calculated from the functional lung volumes and the number of segments. Each predicted postoperative percentage of FEV1 was then correlated with the actual postoperative percentage of FEV1, and the limits of agreement for each actual and predicted postoperative percentage of FEV1 were evaluated by Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS Correlations between actual and predicted postoperative percentages of FEV1 for all methods were strong and significant (0.88 ≤ r ≤ 0.95). The limits of agreement (mean ± 1.96 × SD) for BV-MRI with UTE (4.2% ± 6.5%) and quantitatively assessed CT (4.1% ± 6.5%) were smaller than those for qualitatively assessed CT (4.2% ± 9.8%) and perfusion SPECT (5.7% ± 8.7%). CONCLUSION BV-MRI with UTE has the potential to predict the postoperative lung function of patients with NSCLC more accurately than qualitatively assessed CT and SPECT, and it can be considered to be at least as useful as quantitatively assessed CT.
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Feng L, Delacoste J, Smith D, Weissbrot J, Flagg E, Moore WH, Girvin F, Raad R, Bhattacharji P, Stoffel D, Piccini D, Stuber M, Sodickson DK, Otazo R, Chandarana H. Simultaneous Evaluation of Lung Anatomy and Ventilation Using 4D Respiratory-Motion-Resolved Ultrashort Echo Time Sparse MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 49:411-422. [PMID: 30252989 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computed tomography (CT) and spirometry are the current standard methods for assessing lung anatomy and pulmonary ventilation, respectively. However, CT provides limited ventilation information and spirometry only provides global measures of lung ventilation. Thus, a method that can enable simultaneous examination of lung anatomy and ventilation is of clinical interest. PURPOSE To develop and test a 4D respiratory-resolved sparse lung MRI (XD-UTE: eXtra-Dimensional Ultrashort TE imaging) approach for simultaneous evaluation of lung anatomy and pulmonary ventilation. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION In all, 23 subjects (11 volunteers and 12 patients, mean age = 63.6 ± 8.4). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3T MR; a prototype 3D golden-angle radial UTE sequence, a Cartesian breath-hold volumetric-interpolated examination (BH-VIBE) sequence. ASSESSMENT All subjects were scanned using the 3D golden-angle radial UTE sequence during normal breathing. Ten subjects underwent an additional scan during alternating normal and deep breathing. Respiratory-motion-resolved sparse reconstruction was performed for all the acquired data to generate dynamic normal-breathing or deep-breathing image series. For comparison, BH-VIBE was performed in 12 subjects. Lung images were visually scored by three experienced chest radiologists and were analyzed by two observers who segmented the left and right lung to derive ventilation parameters in comparison with spirometry. STATISTICAL TESTS Nonparametric paired two-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank test; intraclass correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS XD-UTE achieved significantly improved image quality compared both with Cartesian BH-VIBE and radial reconstruction without motion compensation (P < 0.05). The global ventilation parameters (a sum of the left and right lung measures) were in good correlation with spirometry in the same subjects (correlation coefficient = 0.724). There were excellent correlations between the results obtained by two observers (intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.8855-0.9995). DATA CONCLUSION Simultaneous evaluation of lung anatomy and ventilation using XD-UTE is demonstrated, which have shown good potential for improved diagnosis and management of patients with heterogeneous lung diseases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:411-422.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jean Delacoste
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Smith
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Weissbrot
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric Flagg
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - William H Moore
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Francis Girvin
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roy Raad
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Priya Bhattacharji
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Stoffel
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Davide Piccini
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel K Sodickson
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ricardo Otazo
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hersh Chandarana
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Dournes G, Yazbek J, Benhassen W, Benlala I, Blanchard E, Truchetet ME, Macey J, Berger P, Laurent F. 3D ultrashort echo time MRI of the lung using stack-of-spirals and spherical k-Space coverages: Evaluation in healthy volunteers and parenchymal diseases. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 48:1489-1497. [PMID: 30203889 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrashort echo time (UTE) has been shown to improve lung MRI quality in three dimensions. The evaluation of 3D-UTE stack-of-spirals VIBE (3D-USV) sequence for parenchymal diseases and a comparison of performance with that of a spherical mode of acquisition is needed. PURPOSE To assess MRI quality using a prototypical 3D-USV sequence and to compare performance with that of a spherical acquisition using Pointwise Encoding Time Reduction with Radial Acquisition (PETRA). STUDY TYPE Monocenter, prospective. POPULATION Twelve healthy volunteers and 32 adult patients with either cystic fibrosis (CF; n = 16) or interstitial lung disease (ILD; n = 16). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Both free-breathing 3D-USV and PETRA were completed at 1.5T. ASSESSMENT In healthy volunteers, visual analysis of imaging quality was scored using a Likert scale. Quantitative evaluation of apparent signal ratio (Sr) and contrast ratio (Cr) was measured. Patients with CF and ILD completed both computed tomography (CT) and MRI. Depiction of structural alterations was assessed using dedicated clinical scores. All evaluations were done in consensus by two readers. STATISTICAL TESTS Comparison of means was assessed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Concordance and agreement between CT and MRI were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and kappa test. RESULTS In controls, 3D-USV yielded lower artifacts owing to better automatic respiratory synchronization than PETRA (P < 0.001). However, Sr and Cr of 3D-USV were found significantly lower by 2.25- and 2.36-fold, respectively (P < 0.001). In patients, 3D-USV and PETRA showed comparable performances to assess airway severity in CF (Bhalla score, ICC = 0.89 and ICC = 0.92, respectively) and presence of structural alterations in ILD such as honeycombing (kappa = 0.68 and kappa = 0.69, respectively). DATA CONCLUSION 3D-USV enables high-resolution morphological imaging of the lung without need of an external device to compensate respiratory motions. Automation and robustness of the method may facilitate clinical application for both airway and interstitial lung investigations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1489-1497.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Dournes
- University of Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Service de Rhumatologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Pessac, France
| | - Joseph Yazbek
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Service de Rhumatologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Pessac, France
| | | | - Ilyes Benlala
- University of Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Service de Rhumatologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Pessac, France
| | - Elodie Blanchard
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Service de Rhumatologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Pessac, France
| | - Marie-Elise Truchetet
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Service de Rhumatologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Pessac, France
| | - Julie Macey
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Service de Rhumatologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Pessac, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- University of Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Service de Rhumatologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Pessac, France
| | - François Laurent
- University of Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Service de Rhumatologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Pessac, France
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Latta P, Starčuk Z, Gruwel MLH, Lattova B, Lattova P, Štourač P, Tomanek B. Influence of k-space trajectory corrections on proton density mapping with ultrashort echo time imaging: Application for imaging of short T2 components in white matter. Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 51:87-95. [PMID: 29729437 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of MR gradient system imperfections and limitations for the quantitative mapping of short T2* signals performed by ultrashort echo time (UTE) acquisition approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS The measurement of short T2* signals from a phantom and a healthy volunteer study (8 subjects of average age 28 ± 4 years) were performed on a 3T scanner. The characteristics of the gradient system were obtained using calibration method performed directly on the measured subject or phantom. This information was used to calculate the actual sampling trajectory with the help of a parametric eddy current model. The actual sample positions were used to reconstruct corrected images and compared with uncorrected data. RESULTS Comparison of both approaches, i.e., without and with correction of k-space sampling trajectories revealed substantial improvement when correction was applied. The phantom experiments demonstrate substantial in-plane signal intensity variations for uncorrected sampling trajectories. In the case of the volunteer study, this led to significant differences in relative proton density (RPD) estimation between the uncorrected and corrected data (P = 0.0117 by Wilcoxon matched-pairs test) and provides for about ~15% higher values for short T2* components of white matter (WM) in the case of uncorrected images. CONCLUSION The imperfection of the applied gradients could induce errors in k-space data sampling which further propagates into the fidelity of the UTE images and jeopardizes precision of quantification. However, the study proved that measurement of gradient errors together with correction of sample positions can contribute to increased accuracy and unbiased characterization of short T2* signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Latta
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zenon Starčuk
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marco L H Gruwel
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Level 4, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Barbora Lattova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Lattova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Štourač
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Boguslaw Tomanek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; University of Alberta, Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Physics, 8303 - 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T4, Canada
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Ultrashort Echo-Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is a Sensitive Method for the Evaluation of Early Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2017; 13:1923-1931. [PMID: 27551814 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201603-203oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Recent advancements that have been made in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) improve our ability to assess pulmonary structure and function in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). A nonionizing imaging modality that can be used as a serial monitoring tool throughout life can positively affect patient care and outcomes. OBJECTIVES To compare an ultrashort echo-time MRI method with computed tomography (CT) as a biomarker of lung structure abnormalities in young children with early CF lung disease. METHODS Eleven patients with CF (mean age, 31.8 ± 5.7 mo; median age, 33 mo; 7 male and 4 female) were imaged via CT and ultrashort echo-time MRI. Eleven healthy age-matched patients (mean age, 22.5 ± 10.2 mo; median age, 23 mo; 5 male and 6 female) were imaged via ultrashort echo-time MRI. CT scans of 13 additional patients obtained for clinical indications not affecting the heart or lungs and interpreted as normal provided a CT control group (mean age, 24.1 ± 11.7 mo; median age, 24 mo; 6 male and 7 female). Studies were scored by two experienced radiologists using a well-validated CF-specific scoring system for CF lung disease. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Correlations between CT and ultrashort echo-time MRI scores of patients with CF were very strong, with P values ≤0.001 for bronchiectasis (r = 0.96) and overall score (r = 0.90), and moderately strong for bronchial wall thickening (r = 0.62, P = 0.043). MRI easily differentiated CF and control groups via a reader CF-specific scoring system. CONCLUSIONS Ultrashort echo-time MRI detected structural lung disease in very young patients with CF and provided imaging data that correlated well with CT. By quantifying early CF lung disease without using ionizing radiation, ultrashort echo-time MRI appears well suited for pediatric patients requiring longitudinal imaging for clinical care or research studies. Clinical Trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01832519).
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Jiang W, Ong F, Johnson KM, Nagle SK, Hope TA, Lustig M, Larson PEZ. Motion robust high resolution 3D free-breathing pulmonary MRI using dynamic 3D image self-navigator. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2954-2967. [PMID: 29023975 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To achieve motion robust high resolution 3D free-breathing pulmonary MRI utilizing a novel dynamic 3D image navigator derived directly from imaging data. METHODS Five-minute free-breathing scans were acquired with a 3D ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequence with 1.25 mm isotropic resolution. From this data, dynamic 3D self-navigating images were reconstructed under locally low rank (LLR) constraints and used for motion compensation with one of two methods: a soft-gating technique to penalize the respiratory motion induced data inconsistency, and a respiratory motion-resolved technique to provide images of all respiratory motion states. RESULTS Respiratory motion estimation derived from the proposed dynamic 3D self-navigator of 7.5 mm isotropic reconstruction resolution and a temporal resolution of 300 ms was successful for estimating complex respiratory motion patterns. This estimation improved image quality compared to respiratory belt and DC-based navigators. Respiratory motion compensation with soft-gating and respiratory motion-resolved techniques provided good image quality from highly undersampled data in volunteers and clinical patients. CONCLUSION An optimized 3D UTE sequence combined with the proposed reconstruction methods can provide high-resolution motion robust pulmonary MRI. Feasibility was shown in patients who had irregular breathing patterns in which our approach could depict clinically relevant pulmonary pathologies. Magn Reson Med 79:2954-2967, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Jiang
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Frank Ong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Kevin M Johnson
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Scott K Nagle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Thomas A Hope
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael Lustig
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Guo J, Cao X, Cleveland ZI, Woods JC. Murine pulmonary imaging at 7T: T2* and T 1 with anisotropic UTE. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2254-2264. [PMID: 28812309 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure the T2* and T1 of mouse lung at 7T via anisotropic-resolution radial ultrashort echo-time imaging with ellipsoidal k-space coverage. METHODS Ellipsoidal field-of-view was created by expanding uniform spherical k-space coverage. The effects of T2* and ellipsoidal sampling on image resolution were investigated by using point-spread-function analysis and resolution phantoms. Finally, this ellipsoidal sampling approach was used to measure the lung T2* and T1 of healthy C57BL/6 mice at the increasingly common preclinical field strength of 7T. RESULTS Lung parenchyma T2* of 17- to 23-week-old mice at 7T was 0.395 ± 0.033 ms. T1 of lung and left- and right-heart ventricles was 1452.5 ± 87.0 ms, 1810.5 ± 54.6 ms, and 1602.6 ± 120.9 ms, respectively. Ellipsoidal k-space sampling provides enhanced resolution for a fixed scanning time or provides equivalent (although anisotropic) spatial resolution with reduced scanning times, while simultaneously avoiding fold-in artifacts. CONCLUSION Using these techniques, the first T2* and T1 measures of mouse lung at 7T are reported. Ultrashort echo-time imaging with ellipsoidal k-space coverage significantly increases in-plane resolution without increasing scanning time, or equivalently, decreases scanning time while maintaining equivalent in-plane resolution. Magn Reson Med 79:2254-2264, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbang Guo
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Xuefeng Cao
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Zackary I Cleveland
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jason C Woods
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Mahmood K, Ebner L, He M, Robertson SH, Wang Z, McAdams HP, Wahidi MM, Shofer SL, Huang YCT, Driehuys B. Novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Bronchial Stenosis in Lung Transplant Recipients. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:1895-1904. [PMID: 28371091 PMCID: PMC5508859 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bronchial stenosis in lung transplant recipients is a common disorder that adversely affects clinical outcomes. It is evaluated by spirometry, CT scanning, and bronchoscopy with significant limitations. We hypothesize that MRI using both ultrashort echo time (UTE) scans and hyperpolarized (HP) 129 Xe gas can offer structural and functional assessment of bronchial stenosis seen after lung transplantation. Six patients with lung transplantation-related bronchial stenosis underwent HP 129 Xe MRI and UTE MRI in the same session. Three patients subsequently underwent airway stent placement and had repeated MRI at 4-week follow-up. HP 129 Xe MRI depicted decreased ventilation distal to the stenotic airway. After airway stent placement, MRI showed that low-ventilation regions had decreased (35% vs. 27.6%, p = 0.006) and normal-ventilation regions had increased (17.9% vs. 27.6%, p = 0.04) in the stented lung. Improved gas transfer was also seen on 129 Xe MRI. There was a good correlation between UTE MRI and independent bronchoscopic airway diameter assessment (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.92). This pilot study shows that UTE and HP 129 Xe MRI are feasible in patients with bronchial stenosis related to lung transplantation and may provide structural and functional airway assessment to guide treatment. These conclusions need to be confirmed with larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Mahmood
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Lukas Ebner
- Center for in vivo microscopy CIVM, Duke University, Durham, NC,Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Mu He
- Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Duke University Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Durham, NC
| | - Scott Haile Robertson
- Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Duke University Medical Physics Program, Durham, NC
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Duke University Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, NC
| | - H Page McAdams
- Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Momen M Wahidi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Scott L Shofer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Yuh-Chin T Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Bastiaan Driehuys
- Center for in vivo microscopy CIVM, Duke University, Durham, NC,Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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38
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Shea BS, Probst CK, Brazee PL, Rotile NJ, Blasi F, Weinreb PH, Black KE, Sosnovik DE, Van Cott EM, Violette SM, Caravan P, Tager AM. Uncoupling of the profibrotic and hemostatic effects of thrombin in lung fibrosis. JCI Insight 2017; 2:86608. [PMID: 28469072 PMCID: PMC5414562 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic lung disease, most notably idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), is thought to result from aberrant wound-healing responses to repetitive lung injury. Increased vascular permeability is a cardinal response to tissue injury, but whether it is mechanistically linked to lung fibrosis is unknown. We previously described a model in which exaggeration of vascular leak after lung injury shifts the outcome of wound-healing responses from normal repair to pathological fibrosis. Here we report that the fibrosis produced in this model is highly dependent on thrombin activity and its downstream signaling pathways. Direct thrombin inhibition with dabigatran significantly inhibited protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) activation, integrin αvβ6 induction, TGF-β activation, and the development of pulmonary fibrosis in this vascular leak-dependent model. We used a potentially novel imaging method - ultashort echo time (UTE) lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the gadolinium-based, fibrin-specific probe EP-2104R - to directly visualize fibrin accumulation in injured mouse lungs, and to correlate the antifibrotic effects of dabigatran with attenuation of fibrin deposition. We found that inhibition of the profibrotic effects of thrombin can be uncoupled from inhibition of hemostasis, as therapeutic anticoagulation with warfarin failed to downregulate the PAR1/αvβ6/TGF-β axis or significantly protect against fibrosis. These findings have direct and important clinical implications, given recent findings that warfarin treatment is not beneficial in IPF, and the clinical availability of direct thrombin inhibitors that our data suggest could benefit these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry S. Shea
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases
| | - Clemens K. Probst
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases
| | - Patricia L. Brazee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases
| | | | - Francesco Blasi
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology
| | | | - Katharine E. Black
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases
| | - David E. Sosnovik
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology
| | - Elizabeth M. Van Cott
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Peter Caravan
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology
| | - Andrew M. Tager
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases
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Benson DG, Schiebler ML, Repplinger MD, François CJ, Grist TM, Reeder SB, Nagle SK. Contrast-enhanced pulmonary MRA for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: current state of the art and future directions. Br J Radiol 2017; 90:20160901. [PMID: 28306332 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is currently considered the imaging standard of care for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). Recent advances in contrast-enhanced pulmonary MR angiography (MRA) techniques have led to increased use of this modality for the detection of PE in the proper clinical setting. This review is intended to provide an introduction to the state-of-the-art techniques used in pulmonary MRA for the detection of PE and to discuss possible future directions for this modality. This review discusses the following issues pertinent to MRA for the diagnosis of PE: (1) the diagnostic efficacy and clinical effectiveness for pulmonary MRA relative to CTPA, (2) the different pulmonary MRA techniques used for the detection of PE, (3) guidance for building a clinical service at their institution using MRA and (4) future directions of PE MRA. Our principal aim was to show how pulmonary MRA can be used as a safe, effective modality for the diagnosis of clinically significant PE, particularly for those patients where there are concerns about ionizing radiation or contraindications/allergies to the iodinated contrast material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald G Benson
- 1 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark L Schiebler
- 1 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael D Repplinger
- 1 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,2 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Thomas M Grist
- 1 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,3 Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Scott B Reeder
- 1 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,2 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,3 Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,5 Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Scott K Nagle
- 1 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,3 Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,6 Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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40
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Cleveland ZI, Zhou YM, Akinyi TG, Dunn RS, Davidson CR, Guo J, Woods JC, Hardie WD. Magnetic resonance imaging of disease progression and resolution in a transgenic mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 312:L488-L499. [PMID: 28130263 PMCID: PMC5407091 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00458.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis contributes to morbidity and mortality in a range of diseases, and there are no approved therapies for reversing its progression. To understand the mechanisms underlying pulmonary fibrosis and assess potential therapies, mouse models are central to basic and translational research. Unfortunately, metrics commonly used to assess murine pulmonary fibrosis require animals to be grouped and euthanized, increasing experimental difficulty and cost. We examined the ability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to noninvasively assess lung fibrosis progression and resolution in a doxycycline (Dox) regulatable, transgenic mouse model that overexpresses transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) under control of a lung-epithelial-specific promoter. During 7 wk of Dox treatment, fibrotic lesions were readily observed as high-signal tissue. Mean weighted signal and percent signal volume were found to be the most robust MRI-derived measures of fibrosis, and these metrics correlated significantly with pleural thickness, histology scores, and hydroxyproline content (R = 0.75-0.89). When applied longitudinally, percent high signal volume increased by 1.5% wk-1 (P < 0.001) and mean weighted signal increased at a rate of 0.0065 wk-1 (P = 0.0062). Following Dox treatment, lesions partially resolved, with percent high signal volume decreasing by -3.2% wk-1 (P = 0.0034) and weighted mean signal decreasing at -0.015 wk-1 (P = 0.0028). Additionally, longitudinal MRI revealed dynamic remodeling in a subset of lesions, a previously unobserved behavior in this model. These results demonstrate MRI can noninvasively assess experimental lung fibrosis progression and resolution and provide unique insights into its pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zackary I Cleveland
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio;
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Imaging Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yu M Zhou
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and
| | - Teckla G Akinyi
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - R Scott Dunn
- Imaging Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Cynthia R Davidson
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jinbang Guo
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jason C Woods
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Imaging Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - William D Hardie
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Abstract
Involvement of the respiratory system is common in connective tissue diseases (CTDs), and the resultant lung injury can affect every part of the lung: the pleura, alveoli, interstitium, vasculature, lymphatic tissue, and large and/or small airways. Most of the parenchymal manifestations of CTD are similar to those found in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), especially idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, and can be classified using the same system. Although there is some overlap, each CTD is associated with a characteristic pattern of pulmonary involvement. For this reason, thin-section CT as well as pulmonary function tests and serum markers are utilized for diagnosis, disease severity assessment, and therapeutic efficacy evaluation of ILD associated with CTD. In addition, newly developed pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures have been recommended as useful alternative imaging options for patients with CTD. This review article will (1) address radiological findings for chest radiography and conventional or thin-section CT currently used for six major types of CTD, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis), polymyositis/dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome and mixed connective tissue disease; (2) briefly deal with radiation dose reduction for thin-section CT examination; and (3) discuss clinically applicable or state-of-the-art MR imaging for CTD patients.
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Attenberger U, Catana C, Chandarana H, Catalano OA, Friedman K, Schonberg SA, Thrall J, Salvatore M, Rosen BR, Guimaraes AR. Whole-body FDG PET-MR oncologic imaging: pitfalls in clinical interpretation related to inaccurate MR-based attenuation correction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 40:1374-86. [PMID: 26025348 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-015-0455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous data collection for positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) is now a reality. While the full benefits of concurrently acquiring PET and MR data and the potential added clinical value are still being evaluated, initial studies have identified several important potential pitfalls in the interpretation of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/MRI in oncologic whole-body imaging, the majority of which being related to the errors in the attenuation maps created from the MR data. The purpose of this article was to present such pitfalls and artifacts using case examples, describe their etiology, and discuss strategies to overcome them. Using a case-based approach, we will illustrate artifacts related to (1) Inaccurate bone tissue segmentation; (2) Inaccurate air cavities segmentation; (3) Motion-induced misregistration; (4) RF coils in the PET field of view; (5) B0 field inhomogeneity; (6) B1 field inhomogeneity; (7) Metallic implants; (8) MR contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Attenberger
- Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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43
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Roach DJ, Crémillieux Y, Serai SD, Thomen RP, Wang H, Zou Y, Szczesniak RD, Benzaquen S, Woods JC. Morphological and quantitative evaluation of emphysema in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A comparative study of MRI with CT. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 44:1656-1663. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Roach
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio USA
- Pulmonary Medicine; Cincinnati Children's Hospital; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Yannick Crémillieux
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université de Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Suraj D. Serai
- Radiology Department Cincinnati Children's Hospital; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Robert P. Thomen
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio USA
- Department of Physics; Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis Missouri USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Philips Healthcare; Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Yuanshu Zou
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Cincinnati Children's Hospital; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Rhonda D. Szczesniak
- Pulmonary Medicine; Cincinnati Children's Hospital; Cincinnati Ohio USA
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Cincinnati Children's Hospital; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Sadia Benzaquen
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Jason C. Woods
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio USA
- Pulmonary Medicine; Cincinnati Children's Hospital; Cincinnati Ohio USA
- Radiology Department Cincinnati Children's Hospital; Cincinnati Ohio USA
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44
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Kovtunov KV, Romanov AS, Salnikov OG, Barskiy DA, Chekmenev EY, Koptyug IV. Gas Phase UTE MRI of Propane and Propene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:49-55. [PMID: 27478870 PMCID: PMC4966642 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2016.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance imaging (1H MRI) of gases can potentially enable functional lung imaging to probe gas ventilation and other functions. Here, 1H MR images of hyperpolarized (HP) and thermally polarized propane gas were obtained using ultrashort echo time (UTE) pulse sequence. A 2-dimensional (2D) image of thermally polarized propane gas with ∼0.9 × 0.9 mm2 spatial resolution was obtained in <2 seconds, showing that even non-HP hydrocarbon gases can be successfully used for conventional proton magnetic resonance imaging. The experiments were also performed with HP propane gas, and high-resolution multislice FLASH 2D images in ∼510 seconds and non-slice-selective 2D UTE MRI images were acquired in ∼2 seconds. The UTE approach adopted in this study can be potentially used for medical lung imaging. Furthermore, the possibility of combining UTE with selective suppression of 1H signals from 1 of the 2 gases in a mixture is shown in this MRI study. The latter can be useful for visualizing industrially important processes where several gases may be present, eg, gas–solid catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexey S Romanov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Vanderbilt University, Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University, Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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45
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Thomen RP, Quirk JD, Roach D, Egan‐Rojas T, Ruppert K, Yusen RD, Altes TA, Yablonskiy DA, Woods JC. Direct comparison of
129
X
e diffusion measurements with quantitative histology in human lungs. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:265-272. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert P. Thomen
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging ResearchCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati OH USA
- Department of PhysicsWashington University in St. LouisSt. Louis MO USA
| | - James D. Quirk
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. Louis MO USA
| | - David Roach
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging ResearchCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati OH USA
| | - Tiffany Egan‐Rojas
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging ResearchCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati OH USA
| | - Kai Ruppert
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging ResearchCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati OH USA
| | - Roger D. Yusen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. Louis MO USA
| | | | - Dmitriy A. Yablonskiy
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. Louis MO USA
| | - Jason C. Woods
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging ResearchCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati OH USA
- Department of PhysicsWashington University in St. LouisSt. Louis MO USA
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Bannas P, Bell LC, Johnson KM, Schiebler ML, François CJ, Motosugi U, Consigny D, Reeder SB, Nagle SK. Pulmonary Embolism Detection with Three-dimensional Ultrashort Echo Time MR Imaging: Experimental Study in Canines. Radiology 2015; 278:413-21. [PMID: 26422185 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015150606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the feasibility of free-breathing three-dimensional (3D) radial ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the simultaneous detection of pulmonary embolism (PE) and high-quality evaluation of lung parenchyma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institutional animal care committee approved this study. A total of 12 beagles underwent MR imaging and computed tomography (CT) before and after induction of PE with autologous clots. Breath-hold 3D MR angiography and free-breathing 3D radial UTE (1.0-mm isotropic spatial resolution; echo time, 0.08 msec) were performed at 3 T. Two blinded radiologists independently marked and graded all PEs on a four-point scale (1 = low confidence, 4 = absolutely certain) on MR angiographic and UTE images. Image quality of pulmonary arteries and lung parenchyma was scored on a four-point-scale (1 = poor, 4 = excellent). Locations and ratings of emboli were compared with reference standard CT images by using an alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic curve (AFROC) method. Areas under the curve and image quality ratings were compared by using the F test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS A total of 48 emboli were detected with CT. Both readers showed higher sensitivity for PE detection with UTE (83% and 79%) than with MR angiography (75% and 71%). The AFROC area under the curve was higher for UTE than for MR angiography (0.95 vs 0.89), with a significant difference in area under the curve of 0.06 (95% confidence interval: 0.01, 0.11; P = .018). UTE image quality exceeded that of MR angiography for subsegmental arteries (3.5 ± 0.7 vs 2.9 ± 0.5, P = .002) and lung parenchyma (3.8 ± 0.5 vs 2.2 ± 0.2, P < .001). The apparent signal-to-noise ratio in pulmonary arteries and lung parenchyma was significantly higher for UTE than for MR angiography (41.0 ± 5.2 vs 24.5 ± 6.2 [P < .001] and 10.2 ± 1.8 vs 3.5 ± 0.8 [P < .001], respectively). The apparent contrast-to-noise ratio between arteries and PEs was higher for UTE than for MR angiography (20.3 ± 5.2 vs 15.4 ± 6.7, P = .055). CONCLUSION In a canine model, free-breathing 3D radial UTE performs better than breath-hold 3D MR angiography in the detection of PE and yields better image quality for visualization of small vessels and lung parenchyma. Free-breathing 3D radial UTE for detection of PE is feasible and warrants evaluation in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bannas
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.B., M.L.S., C.J.F., U.M., D.C., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Medical Physics (L.C.B., K.M.J., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), and Pediatrics (S.K.N.), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252
| | - Laura C Bell
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.B., M.L.S., C.J.F., U.M., D.C., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Medical Physics (L.C.B., K.M.J., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), and Pediatrics (S.K.N.), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252
| | - Kevin M Johnson
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.B., M.L.S., C.J.F., U.M., D.C., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Medical Physics (L.C.B., K.M.J., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), and Pediatrics (S.K.N.), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252
| | - Mark L Schiebler
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.B., M.L.S., C.J.F., U.M., D.C., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Medical Physics (L.C.B., K.M.J., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), and Pediatrics (S.K.N.), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252
| | - Christopher J François
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.B., M.L.S., C.J.F., U.M., D.C., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Medical Physics (L.C.B., K.M.J., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), and Pediatrics (S.K.N.), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252
| | - Utaroh Motosugi
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.B., M.L.S., C.J.F., U.M., D.C., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Medical Physics (L.C.B., K.M.J., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), and Pediatrics (S.K.N.), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252
| | - Daniel Consigny
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.B., M.L.S., C.J.F., U.M., D.C., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Medical Physics (L.C.B., K.M.J., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), and Pediatrics (S.K.N.), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252
| | - Scott B Reeder
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.B., M.L.S., C.J.F., U.M., D.C., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Medical Physics (L.C.B., K.M.J., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), and Pediatrics (S.K.N.), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252
| | - Scott K Nagle
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.B., M.L.S., C.J.F., U.M., D.C., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Medical Physics (L.C.B., K.M.J., S.B.R., S.K.N.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), and Pediatrics (S.K.N.), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252
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Bauman G, Bieri O. Reversed half-echo stack-of-stars TrueFISP (TrueSTAR). Magn Reson Med 2015; 76:583-90. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
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Wurnig MC, Weiger M, Wu M, Kenkel D, Jungraithmayr W, Pruessmann KP, Boss A. In vivo magnetization transfer imaging of the lung using a zero echo time sequence at 4.7 Tesla in mice: Initial experience. Magn Reson Med 2015; 76:156-62. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz C. Wurnig
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; University Hospital Zurich; Switzerland
| | - Markus Weiger
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering; University and ETH Zurich; Switzerland
| | - Mingming Wu
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering; University and ETH Zurich; Switzerland
| | - David Kenkel
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; University Hospital Zurich; Switzerland
| | | | - Klaas P. Pruessmann
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering; University and ETH Zurich; Switzerland
| | - Andreas Boss
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; University Hospital Zurich; Switzerland
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Eldib M, Bini J, Robson PM, Calcagno C, Faul DD, Tsoumpas C, Fayad ZA. Markerless attenuation correction for carotid MRI surface receiver coils in combined PET/MR imaging. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60:4705-17. [PMID: 26020273 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/12/4705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of attenuation of MR coils on quantitative carotid PET/MR exams. Additionally, an automated attenuation correction method for flexible carotid MR coils was developed and evaluated. The attenuation of the carotid coil was measured by imaging a uniform water phantom injected with 37 MBq of 18F-FDG in a combined PET/MR scanner for 24 min with and without the coil. In the same session, an ultra-short echo time (UTE) image of the coil on top of the phantom was acquired. Using a combination of rigid and non-rigid registration, a CT-based attenuation map was registered to the UTE image of the coil for attenuation and scatter correction. After phantom validation, the effect of the carotid coil attenuation and the attenuation correction method were evaluated in five subjects. Phantom studies indicated that the overall loss of PET counts due to the coil was 6.3% with local region-of-interest (ROI) errors reaching up to 18.8%. Our registration method to correct for attenuation from the coil decreased the global error and local error (ROI) to 0.8% and 3.8%, respectively. The proposed registration method accurately captured the location and shape of the coil with a maximum spatial error of 2.6 mm. Quantitative analysis in human studies correlated with the phantom findings, but was dependent on the size of the ROI used in the analysis. MR coils result in significant error in PET quantification and thus attenuation correction is needed. The proposed strategy provides an operator-free method for attenuation and scatter correction for a flexible MRI carotid surface coil for routine clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mootaz Eldib
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
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Molinari F, Madhuranthakam AJ, Lenkinski R, Bankier AA. Ultrashort echo time MRI of pulmonary water content: assessment in a sponge phantom at 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla. Diagn Interv Radiol 2015; 20:34-41. [PMID: 24317335 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2013.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to develop a predictive model for lung water content using ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a sponge phantom. MATERIALS AND METHODS Image quality was preliminarily optimized, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of UTE was compared with that obtained from a three-dimensional fast gradient echo (FGRE) sequence. Four predetermined volumes of water (3.5, 3.0, 2.5, and 2.0 mL) were soaked in cellulose foam sponges 1.8 cm3 in size and were imaged with UTE-MRI at 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla (T). A multiple echo time experiment (range, 0.1-9.6 ms) was conducted, and the T2 signal decay curve was determined at each volume of water. A three-parameter equation was fitted to the measured signal, allowing for the calculation of proton density and T2*. The calculation error of proton density was determined as a function of echo time. The constants that allowed for the determination of unknown volumes of water from the measured proton density were calculated using linear regression. RESULTS UTE-MRI provided excellent image quality for the four phantoms and showed a higher SNR, compared to that of FGRE. Proton density decreased proportionally with the decreases in both lung water and field strength (from 3.5 to 2.0 mL; proton density range at 1.5 T, 30.5-17.3; at 3.0 T, 84.2-41.5). Minimum echo time less than 0.6 ms at 1.5 T and 1 ms at 3.0 T maintained calculation errors for proton density within the range of 0%-10%. The slopes of the lines for determining the unknown volumes of water with UTE-MRI were 0.12±0.003 at 1.5 T and 0.05±0.002 at 3.0 T (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION In a sponge phantom imaged at 1.5 and 3.0 T, unknown volumes of water can be predicted with high accuracy using UTE-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Molinari
- From the Department of Radiology (F.M. e-mail: , R.L., A.A.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Global Applied Science Laboratory (A.J.M.), GE Healthcare, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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