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Joshi SS, Singh T, Kershaw LE, Gibb FW, Dweck MR, Williams M, Idris I, Semple S, Forbes S, Newby DE, Reynolds RM. Non-invasive imaging of functional pancreatic islet beta-cell mass in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2023; 40:e15111. [PMID: 37035965 PMCID: PMC10946460 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can assess functional pancreatic beta-cell mass in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS In a prospective case-control study, 20 people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (10 with low (≥50 pmol/L) and 10 with very low (<50 pmol/L) C-peptide concentrations) and 15 healthy volunteers underwent manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the pancreas following an oral glucose load. Scan-rescan reproducibility was performed in 10 participants. RESULTS Mean pancreatic manganese uptake was 31 ± 6 mL/100 g of tissue/min in healthy volunteers (median 32 [interquartile range 23-36] years, 6 women), falling to 23 ± 4 and 13 ± 5 mL/100 g of tissue/min (p ≤ 0.002 for both) in people with type1 diabetes mellitus (52 [44-61] years, 6 women) and low or very low plasma C-peptide concentrations respectively. Pancreatic manganese uptake correlated strongly with plasma C-peptide concentrations in people with type1 diabetes mellitus (r = 0.73, p < 0.001) but not in healthy volunteers (r = -0.054, p = 0.880). There were no statistically significant correlations between manganese uptake and age, body-mass index, or glycated haemoglobin. There was strong intra-observer (mean difference: 0.31 (limits of agreement -1.42 to 2.05) mL/100 g of tissue/min; intra-class correlation, ICC = 0.99), inter-observer (-1.23 (-5.74 to 3.27) mL/100 g of tissue/min; ICC = 0.85) and scan-rescan (-0.72 (-2.9 to 1.6) mL/100 g of tissue/min; ICC = 0.96) agreement for pancreatic manganese uptake. CONCLUSIONS Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging provides a potential reproducible non-invasive measure of functional beta-cell mass in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This holds major promise for investigating type 1 diabetes, monitoring disease progression and assessing novel immunomodulatory interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti S. Joshi
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Trisha Singh
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Lucy E. Kershaw
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Edinburgh ImagingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Fraser W. Gibb
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Edinburgh Centre for EndocrinologyNHS LothianEdinburghUK
| | - Marc R. Dweck
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Michelle Williams
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Edinburgh ImagingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Department of RadiologyNHS LothianEdinburghUK
| | - Iskandar Idris
- Department of EndocrinologyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Scott Semple
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Edinburgh ImagingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Shareen Forbes
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Edinburgh Centre for EndocrinologyNHS LothianEdinburghUK
| | - David E. Newby
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Edinburgh ImagingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Rebecca M. Reynolds
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Edinburgh Centre for EndocrinologyNHS LothianEdinburghUK
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2
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Doherty D, Khambalia H, Summers A, Moinuddin Z, Yiannoullou P, Krishnan A, Augustine T, Naish J, van Dellen D. Future imaging modalities for the assessment of pancreas allografts a scan of the horizon. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2022; 36:100692. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2022.100692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Joosten L, Boss M, Jansen T, Brom M, Buitinga M, Aarntzen E, Eriksson O, Johansson L, de Galan B, Gotthardt M. Molecular Imaging of Diabetes. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Thapa B, Suh EH, Parrott D, Khalighinejad P, Sharma G, Chirayil S, Sherry AD. Imaging β-Cell Function Using a Zinc-Responsive MRI Contrast Agent May Identify First Responder Islets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:809867. [PMID: 35173681 PMCID: PMC8842654 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.809867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An imaging method for detecting β-cell function in real-time in the rodent pancreas could provide new insights into the biological mechanisms involving loss of β-cell function during development of type 2 diabetes and for testing of new drugs designed to modulate insulin secretion. In this study, we used a zinc-responsive MRI contrast agent and an optimized 2D MRI method to show that glucose stimulated insulin and zinc secretion can be detected as functionally active "hot spots" in the tail of the rat pancreas. A comparison of functional images with histological markers show that insulin and zinc secretion does not occur uniformly among all pancreatic islets but rather that some islets respond rapidly to an increase in glucose while others remain silent. Zinc and insulin secretion was shown to be altered in streptozotocin and exenatide treated rats thereby verifying that this simple MRI technique is responsive to changes in β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Thapa
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Eul Hyun Suh
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Daniel Parrott
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Pooyan Khalighinejad
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Sara Chirayil
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - A. Dean Sherry
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: A. Dean Sherry, ;
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The effects of mild closed head injuries on tauopathy and cognitive deficits in rodents: Primary results in wild type and rTg4510 mice, and a systematic review. Exp Neurol 2020; 326:113180. [PMID: 31930992 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In humans, the majority of sustained traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are classified as 'mild' and most often a result of a closed head injury (CHI). The effects of a non-penetrating CHI are not benign and may lead to chronic pathology and behavioral dysfunction, which could be worsened by repeated head injury. Clinical-neuropathological correlation studies provide evidence that conversion of tau into abnormally phosphorylated proteotoxic intermediates (p-tau) could be part of the pathophysiology triggered by a single TBI and enhanced by repeated TBIs. However, the link between p-tau and CHI in rodents remains controversial. To address this question experimentally, we induced a single CHI or two CHIs to WT or rTg4510 mice. We found that 2× CHI increased tau phosphorylation in WT mice and rTg4510 mice. Behavioral characterization in WT mice found chronic deficits in the radial arm water maze in 2× CHI mice that had partially resolved in the 1× CHI mice. Moreover, using Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging with R1 mapping - a novel functional neuroimaging technique - we found greater deficits in the rTg4510 mice following 2× CHI compared to 1× CHI. To integrate our findings with prior work in the field, we conducted a systematic review of rodent mild repetitive CHI studies. Following Prisma guidelines, we identified 25 original peer-reviewed papers. Results from our experiments, as well as our systematic review, provide compelling evidence that tau phosphorylation is modified by experimental mild TBI studies; however, changes in p-tau levels are not universally reported. Together, our results provide evidence that repetitive TBIs can result in worse and more persistent neurological deficits compared to a single TBI, but the direct link between the worsened outcome and elevated p-tau could not be established.
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Abstract
PET/MR imaging has the potential to markedly alter pancreatic care in both the malignant, and premalignant states with the ability to perform robust, high-resolution, quantitative molecular imaging. The ability of PET/MR imaging to monitor disease processes, potentially correct for motion in the upper abdomen, and provide novel biomarkers that may be a combination of MR imaging and PET biomarkers, offers a unique, precise interrogation of the pancreatic milieu going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Mallak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Thomas A Hope
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M391, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alexander R Guimaraes
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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7
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Hernandez R, Graves SA, Gregg T, VanDeusen HR, Fenske RJ, Wienkes HN, England CG, Valdovinos HF, Jeffery JJ, Barnhart TE, Severin GW, Nickles RJ, Kimple ME, Merrins MJ, Cai W. Radiomanganese PET Detects Changes in Functional β-Cell Mass in Mouse Models of Diabetes. Diabetes 2017; 66:2163-2174. [PMID: 28515126 PMCID: PMC5521871 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The noninvasive measurement of functional β-cell mass would be clinically valuable for monitoring the progression of type 1 and type 2 diabetes as well as the viability of transplanted insulin-producing cells. Although previous work using MRI has shown promise for functional β-cell mass determination through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (VDCC)-mediated internalization of Mn2+, the clinical utility of this technique is limited by the cytotoxic levels of the Mn2+ contrast agent. Here, we show that positron emission tomography (PET) is advantageous for determining functional β-cell mass using 52Mn2+ (t1/2: 5.6 days). We investigated the whole-body distribution of 52Mn2+ in healthy adult mice by dynamic and static PET imaging. Pancreatic VDCC uptake of 52Mn2+ was successfully manipulated pharmacologically in vitro and in vivo using glucose, nifedipine (VDCC blocker), the sulfonylureas tolbutamide and glibenclamide (KATP channel blockers), and diazoxide (KATP channel opener). In a mouse model of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes, 52Mn2+ uptake in the pancreas was distinguished from healthy controls in parallel with classic histological quantification of β-cell mass from pancreatic sections. 52Mn2+-PET also reported the expected increase in functional β-cell mass in the ob/ob model of pretype 2 diabetes, a result corroborated by histological β-cell mass measurements and live-cell imaging of β-cell Ca2+ oscillations. These results indicate that 52Mn2+-PET is a sensitive new tool for the noninvasive assessment of functional β-cell mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Stephen A Graves
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Trillian Gregg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Program in Biophysics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Halena R VanDeusen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Rachel J Fenske
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Haley N Wienkes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | | | - Justin J Jeffery
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Todd E Barnhart
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Gregory W Severin
- Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Robert J Nickles
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Michelle E Kimple
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Matthew J Merrins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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8
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Fontaine SN, Ingram A, Cloyd RA, Meier SE, Miller E, Lyons D, Nation GK, Mechas E, Weiss B, Lanzillotta C, Di Domenico F, Schmitt F, Powell DK, Vandsburger M, Abisambra JF. Identification of changes in neuronal function as a consequence of aging and tauopathic neurodegeneration using a novel and sensitive magnetic resonance imaging approach. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 56:78-86. [PMID: 28500878 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tauopathies, the most common of which is Alzheimer's disease (AD), constitute the most crippling neurodegenerative threat to our aging population. Tauopathic patients have significant cognitive decline accompanied by irreversible and severe brain atrophy, and it is thought that neuronal dysfunction begins years before diagnosis. Our current understanding of tauopathies has yielded promising therapeutic interventions but have all failed in clinical trials. This is partly due to the inability to identify and intervene in an effective therapeutic window early in the disease process. A major challenge that contributes to the definition of an early therapeutic window is limited technologies. To address these challenges, we modified and adapted a manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) approach to provide sensitive and quantitative power to detect changes in broad neuronal function in aging mice. Considering that tau tangle burden correlates well with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's patients, we performed our MEMRI approach in a time course of aging mice and an accelerated mouse model of tauopathy. We measured significant changes in broad neuronal function as a consequence of age, and in transgenic mice, before the deposition of bona fide tangles. This MEMRI approach represents the first diagnostic measure of neuronal dysfunction in mice. Successful translation of this technology in the clinic could serve as a sensitive diagnostic tool for the definition of effective therapeutic windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Fontaine
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Epilepsy Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Alexandria Ingram
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ryan A Cloyd
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Shelby E Meier
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Emily Miller
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Danielle Lyons
- Spinal Cord Injury and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Grant K Nation
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mechas
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Blaine Weiss
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Chiara Lanzillotta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Frederick Schmitt
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - David K Powell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Moriel Vandsburger
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jose F Abisambra
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Epilepsy Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Spinal Cord Injury and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Jodal A, Schibli R, Béhé M. Targets and probes for non-invasive imaging of β-cells. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 44:712-727. [PMID: 28025655 PMCID: PMC5323463 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-016-3592-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
β-cells, located in the islets of the pancreas, are responsible for production and secretion of insulin and play a crucial role in blood sugar regulation. Pathologic β-cells often cause serious medical conditions affecting blood glucose level, which severely impact life quality and are life-threatening if untreated. With 347 million patients, diabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases, and will continue to be one of the largest socioeconomic challenges in the future. The diagnosis still relies mainly on indirect methods like blood sugar measurements. A non-invasive diagnostic imaging modality would allow direct evaluation of β-cell mass and would be a huge step towards personalized medicine. Hyperinsulinism is another serious condition caused by β-cells that excessively secrete insulin, like for instance β-cell hyperplasia and insulinomas. Treatment options with drugs are normally not curative, whereas curative procedures usually consist of the resection of affected regions for which, however, an exact localization of the foci is necessary. In this review, we describe potential tracers under development for targeting β-cells with focus on radiotracers for PET and SPECT imaging, which allow the non-invasive visualization of β-cells. We discuss either the advantages or limitations for the various tracers and modalities. This article concludes with an outlook on future developments and discuss the potential of new imaging probes including dual probes that utilize functionalities for both a radioactive and optical moiety as well as for theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jodal
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Béhé
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
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Meyer A, Stolz K, Dreher W, Bergemann J, Holebasavanahalli Thimmashetty V, Lueschen N, Azizi Z, Khobragade V, Maedler K, Kuestermann E. Manganese-mediated MRI signals correlate with functional β-cell mass during diabetes progression. Diabetes 2015; 64:2138-47. [PMID: 25804940 DOI: 10.2337/db14-0864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes diagnostic therapy and research would strongly benefit from noninvasive accurate imaging of the functional β-cells in the pancreas. Here, we developed an analysis of functional β-cell mass (BCM) by measuring manganese (Mn(2+)) uptake kinetics into glucose-stimulated β-cells by T1-weighted in vivo Mn(2+)-mediated MRI (MnMRI) in C57Bl/6J mice. Weekly MRI analysis during the diabetes progression in mice fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HFD) showed increased Mn(2+)-signals in the pancreas of the HFD-fed mice during the compensation phase, when glucose tolerance and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) were improved and BCM was increased compared with normal diet-fed mice. The increased signal was only transient; from the 4th week on, MRI signals decreased significantly in the HFD group, and the reduced MRI signal in HFD mice persisted over the whole 12-week experimental period, which again correlated with both impaired glucose tolerance and GSIS, although BCM remained unchanged. Rapid and significantly decreased MRI signals were confirmed in diabetic mice after streptozotocin (STZ) injection. No long-term effects of Mn(2+) on glucose tolerance were observed. Our optimized MnMRI protocol fulfills the requirements of noninvasive MRI analysis and detects already small changes in the functional BCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Meyer
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Katharina Stolz
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Jennifer Bergemann
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Navina Lueschen
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Zahra Azizi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Vrushali Khobragade
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Maedler
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Cho HR, Lee Y, Doble P, Bishop D, Hare D, Kim YJ, Kim KG, Jung HS, Park KS, Choi SH, Moon WK. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pancreas in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: Gadofluorine P and Gd-DOTA. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:5831-5842. [PMID: 26019447 PMCID: PMC4438017 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i19.5831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the performance of Gadofluorine P-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the diagnosis of diabetes in a streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic rat model.
METHODS: Fischer 344 rats were treated with STZ. Rats not treated with STZ served as controls. T1-weighted MRI was performed using a 3T scanner before and after the injection of Gd-DOTA or Gadofluorine P (6 diabetic rats, 5 controls). The normalized signal intensity (SI) and the enhancement ratio (ER) of the pancreas were measured at each time point, and the values were compared between the normal and diabetic rats using the Mann-Whitney test. In addition, the values were correlated with the mean islet number. Optimal cut-off values were calculated using a positive test based on receiver operating characteristics. Intrapancreatic Gd concentration after the injection of each contrast media was measured using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in a separate set of rats (4 diabetic rats, 4 controls for Gadofluorine P; 2, 2 for Gd-DOTA).
RESULTS: The normalized SI and ER of the pancreas using Gd-DOTA were not significantly different between diabetic rats and controls. With Gadofluorine P, the values were significantly higher in the diabetic rats than in the control rats 30 min after injection (P < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve that differentiated diabetic rats from the control group was greater for Gadofluorine P than for Gd-DOTA (0.967 vs 0.667, P = 0.085). An increase in normalized SI 30 min after Gadofluorine P was correlated with a decrease in the mean number of islets (r2 = 0.510, P = 0.014). Intra-pancreatic Gd was higher in rats with Gadofluorine P injection than Gd-DOTA injection (Gadofluorine P vs Gd-DOTA, 7.37 vs 0.00, P < 0.01). A significant difference in the concentration of intrapancreatic Gd was observed between the control and diabetic animals that were sacrificed 30 min after Gadofluorine P injection (control vs diabetic, 3.25 ng/g vs 10.55 ng/g, P < 0.05)
CONCLUSION: In this STZ-induced diabetes rat model, Gadofluorine P-enhanced MRI of the pancreas showed high accuracy in the diagnosis of diabetes.
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Vinet L, Lamprianou S, Babič A, Lange N, Thorel F, Herrera PL, Montet X, Meda P. Targeting GLP-1 receptors for repeated magnetic resonance imaging differentiates graded losses of pancreatic beta cells in mice. Diabetologia 2015; 58:304-12. [PMID: 25413047 PMCID: PMC4287680 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Non-invasive imaging of beta cells is a much-needed development but is one that faces significant biological and technological hurdles. A relevant imaging method should at least allow for an evaluation over time of the mass of beta cells under physiological and pathological conditions, and for an assessment of novel therapies. We, therefore, investigated the ability of a new MRI probe to repeatedly measure the loss of beta cells in a rodent model. METHODS We developed an innovative nanoparticle probe that targets the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor, and can be used for both fluorescence imaging and MRI. Using fluorescence, we characterised the specificity and biodistribution of the probe. Using 1.5 T MRI, we longitudinally imaged the changes in insulin content in male and female mice of the RIP-DTr strain, which mimic the changes expected in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. RESULTS We showed that this probe selectively labelled beta cells in situ, imaged in vivo native pancreatic islets and evaluated their loss after diphtheria toxin administration, in a model of graded beta cell deletion. Thus, using clinical MRI, the probe quantitatively differentiates, in the same mouse strain, between female animals featuring a 50% loss of beta cells and the males featuring an almost complete loss of beta cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The approach addresses several of the hurdles that have so far limited the non-invasive imaging of beta cells, including the potential to repeatedly monitor the very same animals using clinically available equipment, and to differentiate graded losses of beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Vinet
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, CMU, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland,
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14
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Abstract
Quantifying body fat is currently an area of active research. Recent studies have shown that the quantity and location of fat in different compartments have varying clinical significance. This information can now be obtained from computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR), and it can inform clinical decision making for patient management. Diabetes patients with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranging from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis, typically diagnosed by liver biopsy or serum markers. There is now an emerging role of noninvasive imaging tests such as MR imaging or MR spectroscopy or elastography, which can provide quantitative information and have potential to avoid biopsy. Obese patients with diabetes are also at risk for cardiovascular disease and cancer. There is an emerging role for imaging in early detection of not only structural but also functional abnormalities of myocardium at a subclinical stage. Screening for cancer is currently recommended only for breast, colon, prostate, and cervix. Given wider availability and advances in imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography/CT (faster scans with higher resolution and less ionizing radiation) and better understanding of molecular biology and risk-stratification, more and more cancers are being detected in early stages with better clinical outcomes. Concerns related to cost, overdiagnosis, and unnecessary interventions must be addressed before population-based screening for other cancers is recommended. Based on ongoing imaging research, it is expected that it will be possible to provide more precise measurement of body fat and detect cardiovascular disease and cancers earlier in their course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Garg
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
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15
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Antkowiak PF, Stevens BK, Nunemaker CS, McDuffie M, Epstein FH. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging detects declining pancreatic β-cell mass in a cyclophosphamide-accelerated mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2013; 62:44-8. [PMID: 22933107 PMCID: PMC3526033 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there is no ideal noninvasive method to quantify the progressive loss of pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM) that occurs in type 1 diabetes. Magnetic resonance imaging has detected gross differences in BCM between healthy and diabetic mice using the contrast agent manganese, which labels functional β-cells and increases the water proton relaxation rate (R1), but its ability to measure gradations in BCM during disease progression is unknown. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that measurements of the manganese-enhanced pancreatic R1 could detect decreasing BCM in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. We used cyclophosphamide-accelerated BDC2.5 T-cell receptor transgenic nonobese diabetic mice, which experience development of type 1 diabetes during a 7-day time period after cyclophosphamide injection, whereas transgene-negative mice do not. We measured the manganese-enhanced pancreatic R1 before cyclophosphamide injection (day 0) and on days 3, 4, 5, and 7 afterward. Pancreatic R1 remained constant in transgene-negative mice and decreased stepwise day-to-day in transgene-positive mice, mirroring their loss of BCM, confirmed by pancreatic insulin measurements and histology. Changes in R1 in transgene-positive mice occurred before elevations in blood glucose, a clinical indicator of diabetes, suggesting potential for early noninvasive detection of changes in functional BCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick F. Antkowiak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Brian K. Stevens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Craig S. Nunemaker
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Marcia McDuffie
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Frederick H. Epstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Corresponding author: Frederick H. Epstein,
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16
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Malaisse WJ, Maedler K. Imaging of the β-cells of the islets of Langerhans. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012; 98:11-8. [PMID: 22854107 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The major aim of this paper is to review the present status of the techniques for the non-invasive imaging and quantification of insulin-producing pancreatic islet β-cells. Emphasis is placed on both the expansion of prior work already considered in a prior review and novel achievements. Thus, the use of d-mannoheptulose analogs, hypoglycemic sulfonylureas and glinides, neural imaging agents, neuro-hormonal receptor ligands and nanoparticles is first dealt with. Thereafter, consideration is given on optical imaging technologies, the identification of new β-cells specific binding and target proteins, the functional imaging of islets transplanted into the eye anterior chamber and in vivo manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willy J Malaisse
- Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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17
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Berclaz C, Goulley J, Villiger M, Pache C, Bouwens A, Martin-Williams E, Van de Ville D, Davison AC, Grapin-Botton A, Lasser T. Diabetes imaging-quantitative assessment of islets of Langerhans distribution in murine pancreas using extended-focus optical coherence microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 3:1365-80. [PMID: 22741082 PMCID: PMC3370976 DOI: 10.1364/boe.3.001365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia that can result from the loss of pancreatic insulin secreting β-cells in the islets of Langerhans. We analyzed ex vivo the entire gastric and duodenal lobes of a murine pancreas using extended-focus Optical Coherence Microscopy (xfOCM). To identify and quantify the islets of Langerhans observed in xfOCM tomograms we implemented an active contour algorithm based on the level set method. We show that xfOCM reveals a three-dimensional islet distribution consistent with Optical Projection Tomography, albeit with a higher resolution that also enables the detection of the smallest islets (≤ 8000 μm(3)). Although this category of the smallest islets represents only a negligible volume compared to the total β-cell volume, a recent study suggests that these islets, located at the periphery, are the first to be destroyed when type I diabetes develops. Our results underline the capability of xfOCM to contribute to the understanding of the development of diabetes, especially when considering islet volume distribution instead of the total β-cell volume only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Berclaz
- Laboratoire d’Optique Biomédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Joan Goulley
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Martin Villiger
- Laboratoire d’Optique Biomédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Christophe Pache
- Laboratoire d’Optique Biomédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Arno Bouwens
- Laboratoire d’Optique Biomédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Erica Martin-Williams
- Laboratoire d’Optique Biomédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van de Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva,
Switzerland
| | - Anthony C. Davison
- Chair of Statistics, MATHAA, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Anne Grapin-Botton
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Theo Lasser
- Laboratoire d’Optique Biomédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
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