1
|
Lee PK, Zhou X, Wang N, Syed AB, Brunsing RL, Vasanawala SS, Hargreaves BA. Distortionless, free-breathing, and respiratory resolved 3D diffusion weighted imaging of the abdomen. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:586-604. [PMID: 38688875 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Abdominal imaging is frequently performed with breath holds or respiratory triggering to reduce the effects of respiratory motion. Diffusion weighted sequences provide a useful clinical contrast but have prolonged scan times due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and cannot be completed in a single breath hold. Echo-planar imaging (EPI) is the most commonly used trajectory for diffusion weighted imaging but it is susceptible to off-resonance artifacts. A respiratory resolved, three-dimensional (3D) diffusion prepared sequence that obtains distortionless diffusion weighted images during free-breathing is presented. Techniques to address the myriad of challenges including: 3D shot-to-shot phase correction, respiratory binning, diffusion encoding during free-breathing, and robustness to off-resonance are described. METHODS A twice-refocused, M1-nulled diffusion preparation was combined with an RF-spoiled gradient echo readout and respiratory resolved reconstruction to obtain free-breathing diffusion weighted images in the abdomen. Cartesian sampling permits a sampling density that enables 3D shot-to-shot phase navigation and reduction of transient fat artifacts. Theoretical properties of a region-based shot rejection are described. The region-based shot rejection method was evaluated with free-breathing (normal and exaggerated breathing), and respiratory triggering. The proposed sequence was compared in vivo with multishot DW-EPI. RESULTS The proposed sequence exhibits no evident distortion in vivo when compared to multishot DW-EPI, robustness to B0 and B1 field inhomogeneities, and robustness to motion from different respiratory patterns. CONCLUSION Acquisition of distortionless, diffusion weighted images is feasible during free-breathing with a b-value of 500 s/mm2, scan time of 6 min, and a clinically viable reconstruction time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip K Lee
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Xuetong Zhou
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ali B Syed
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | | | - Brian A Hargreaves
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Duraffourg M, Rougereau G, Fawaz R, Ltaief A, Jacquesson T, Freydier M, Baude C, Robert R, Mertens P. Lumbosacral plexus and pudendal nerve magnetic resonance tractography: A systematic review of the clinical applications for pudendal neuralgia. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 112:18-26. [PMID: 38797289 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is commonly used to establish three-dimensional mapping of white-matter bundles in the supraspinal central nervous system. DTI has also been the subject of many studies on cranial and peripheral nerves. This non-invasive imaging technique enables virtual dissection of nerves in vivo and provides specific measurements of microstructural integrity. Adverse effects on the lumbosacral plexus may be traumatic, compressive, tumoral, or malformative and thus require dedicated treatment. DTI could lead to new perspectives in pudendal neuralgia diagnosis and management. We performed a systematic review of all articles or posters reporting results and protocols for lumbosacral plexus mapping using the DTI technique between January 2011 and December 2023. Twenty-nine articles published were included. Ten studies with a total of 351 participants were able to track the lumbosacral plexus in a physiological context and 19 studies with a total of 402 subjects tracked lumbosacral plexus in a pathological context. Tractography was performed on a 1.5T or 3T MRI system. DTI applied to the lumbosacral plexus and pudendal nerve is feasible but no microstructural normative value has been proposed for the pudendal nerve. The most frequently tracking parameters used in our review are: 3T MRI, b-value of 800 s/mm2, 33 directions, 3 × 3 × 3 mm3, AF threshold of 0.1, minimum fiber length of 10 mm, bending angle of 30°, and 3DT2 TSE anatomical resolution. Increased use of DTI could lead to new perspectives in the management of pudendal neuralgia due to entrapment syndrome, whether at the diagnostic, prognostic, or preoperative planning level. Prospective studies of healthy subjects and patients with the optimal acquisition parameters described above are needed to establish the accuracy of MR tractography for diagnosing pudendal neuralgia and other intrapelvic nerve entrapments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Duraffourg
- Unité de Neuromodulation Polyvalente, Service de Neurochirurgie fonctionnelle de la moelle et des nerfs périphériques - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France; Centre d'Évaluation et de Traitement de la Douleur, Hospices Civils de Lyon- Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France
| | - G Rougereau
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique Hôpital Pitié Salpetrière, Paris, France
| | - R Fawaz
- Unité de Neuromodulation Polyvalente, Service de Neurochirurgie fonctionnelle de la moelle et des nerfs périphériques - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France; Centre d'Évaluation et de Traitement de la Douleur, Hospices Civils de Lyon- Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France; Service de Neurochirurgie - Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Percy, Clamart, France.
| | - A Ltaief
- Service d'imagerie médicale et interventionnelle - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - T Jacquesson
- Service de Neurochirurgie crânienne générale, tumorale et vasculaire - Hospices Civils de Lyon- Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France; Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - M Freydier
- Centre d'Évaluation et de Traitement de la Douleur - Centre Hospitalier de Macon, Macon, France; Centre d'Évaluation et de Traitement de la Douleur - Médipôle Hôpital Mutualiste, Villeurbanne, France
| | - C Baude
- Centre d'Évaluation et de Traitement de la Douleur - Médipôle Hôpital Mutualiste, Villeurbanne, France
| | - R Robert
- Service de chirurgie - Hôpital Privé du Confluent, Nantes, France; Faculté de Médecine de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - P Mertens
- Unité de Neuromodulation Polyvalente, Service de Neurochirurgie fonctionnelle de la moelle et des nerfs périphériques - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France; Centre d'Évaluation et de Traitement de la Douleur, Hospices Civils de Lyon- Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France; Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cao X, Liao C, Zhou Z, Zhong Z, Li Z, Dai E, Iyer SS, Hannum AJ, Yurt M, Schauman S, Chen Q, Wang N, Wei J, Yan Y, He H, Skare S, Zhong J, Kerr A, Setsompop K. DTI-MR fingerprinting for rapid high-resolution whole-brain T 1 , T 2 , proton density, ADC, and fractional anisotropy mapping. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:987-1001. [PMID: 37936313 PMCID: PMC11068310 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to develop a high-efficiency and high-resolution 3D imaging approach for simultaneous mapping of multiple key tissue parameters for routine brain imaging, including T1 , T2 , proton density (PD), ADC, and fractional anisotropy (FA). The proposed method is intended for pushing routine clinical brain imaging from weighted imaging to quantitative imaging and can also be particularly useful for diffusion-relaxometry studies, which typically suffer from lengthy acquisition time. METHODS To address challenges associated with diffusion weighting, such as shot-to-shot phase variation and low SNR, we integrated several innovative data acquisition and reconstruction techniques. Specifically, we used M1-compensated diffusion gradients, cardiac gating, and navigators to mitigate phase variations caused by cardiac motion. We also introduced a data-driven pre-pulse gradient to cancel out eddy currents induced by diffusion gradients. Additionally, to enhance image quality within a limited acquisition time, we proposed a data-sharing joint reconstruction approach coupled with a corresponding sequence design. RESULTS The phantom and in vivo studies indicated that the T1 and T2 values measured by the proposed method are consistent with a conventional MR fingerprinting sequence and the diffusion results (including diffusivity, ADC, and FA) are consistent with the spin-echo EPI DWI sequence. CONCLUSION The proposed method can achieve whole-brain T1 , T2 , diffusivity, ADC, and FA maps at 1-mm isotropic resolution within 10 min, providing a powerful tool for investigating the microstructural properties of brain tissue, with potential applications in clinical and research settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhi Cao
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Congyu Liao
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zihan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zheng Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhitao Li
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erpeng Dai
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Siddharth Srinivasan Iyer
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ariel J Hannum
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mahmut Yurt
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sophie Schauman
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jintao Wei
- Center for Brain Imaging Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifan Yan
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjian He
- Center for Brain Imaging Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Stefan Skare
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianhui Zhong
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Adam Kerr
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kawin Setsompop
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yoon D, Lutz AM. Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Peripheral Nerves: Current Status and New Developments. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2023; 27:641-648. [PMID: 37935210 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1775742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an emerging technique for peripheral nerve imaging that can provide information about the microstructural organization and connectivity of these nerves and complement the information gained from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. With DTI it is possible to reconstruct nerve pathways and visualize the three-dimensional trajectory of nerve fibers, as in nerve tractography. More importantly, DTI allows for quantitative evaluation of peripheral nerves by the calculation of several important parameters that offer insight into the functional status of a nerve. Thus DTI has a high potential to add value to the work-up of peripheral nerve pathologies, although it is more technically demanding. Peripheral nerves pose specific challenges to DTI due to their small diameter and DTI's spatial resolution, contrast, location, and inherent field inhomogeneities when imaging certain anatomical locations. Numerous efforts are underway to resolve these technical challenges and thus enable wider acceptance of DTI in peripheral nerve MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daehyun Yoon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Amelie M Lutz
- Department of Radiology, Kantonal Hospital Thurgau, Muensterlingen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee PK, Yoon D, Sandberg JK, Vasanawala SS, Hargreaves BA. Volumetric and multispectral DWI near metallic implants using a non-linear phase Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill diffusion preparation. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:2650-2666. [PMID: 35014729 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE DWI near metal implants has not been widely explored due to substantial challenges associated with through-slice and in-plane distortions, the increased encoding requirement of different spectral bins, and limited SNR. There is no widely adopted clinical protocol for DWI near metal since the commonly used EPI trajectory fails completely due to distortion from extreme off-resonance ranging from 2 to 20 kHz. We present a sequence that achieves DWI near metal with moderate b-values (400-500 s/mm2 ) and volumetric coverage in clinically feasible scan times. THEORY AND METHODS Multispectral excitation with Cartesian sampling, view angle tilting, and kz phase encoding reduce in-plane and through-plane off-resonance artifacts, and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) spin-echo refocusing trains counteract T2* effects. The effect of random phase on the refocusing train is eliminated using a stimulated echo diffusion preparation. Root-flipped Shinnar-Le Roux refocusing pulses permits preparation of a high spectral bandwidth, which improves imaging times by reducing the number of excitations required to cover the desired spectral range. B1 sensitivity is reduced by using an excitation that satisfies the CPMG condition in the preparation. A method for ADC quantification insensitive to background gradients is presented. RESULTS Non-linear phase refocusing pulses reduces the peak B1 by 46% which allows RF bandwidth to be doubled. Simulations and phantom experiments show that a non-linear phase CPMG pulse pair reduces B1 sensitivity. Application in vivo demonstrates complementary contrast to conventional multispectral acquisitions and improved visualization compared to DW-EPI. CONCLUSION Volumetric and multispectral DW imaging near metal can be achieved with a 3D encoded sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip K Lee
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Daehyun Yoon
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | | | - Brian A Hargreaves
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee SY, Meyer BP, Kurpad SN, Budde MD. Diffusion-prepared fast spin echo for artifact-free spinal cord imaging. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:984-994. [PMID: 33720450 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diffusion MRI provides unique contrast important for the detection and examination of pathophysiology after acute neurologic insults, including spinal cord injury. Diffusion weighted imaging of the rodent spinal cord has typically been evaluated with axial EPI readout. However, Diffusion weighted imaging is prone to motion artifacts, whereas EPI is prone to susceptibility artifacts. In the context of acute spinal cord injury, diffusion filtering has previously been shown to improve detection of injury by minimizing the confounding effects of edema. We propose a diffusion-preparation module combined with a rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement readout to minimize artifacts for sagittal imaging. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats with cervical contusion spinal cord injury were scanned at 9.4 Tesla. The sequence optimization included the evaluation of motion-compensated encoding diffusion gradients, gating strategy, and different spinal cord-specific diffusion-weighting schemes. RESULTS A diffusion-prepared rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement achieved high-quality images free from susceptibility artifacts with both second-order motion-compensated encoding and gating necessary for reduction of motion artifacts. Axial diffusivity obtained from the filtered diffusion-encoding scheme had greater lesion-to-healthy tissue contrast (52%) compared to the similar metric from DTI (25%). CONCLUSION This work demonstrated the feasibility of high-quality diffusion sagittal imaging in the rodent cervical cord with diffusion-prepared relaxation enhancement. The sequence and results are expected to improve injury detection and evaluation in acute spinal cord injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Yi Lee
- Neuroscience Doctoral Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Briana P Meyer
- Neuroscience Doctoral Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shekar N Kurpad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Matthew D Budde
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Martín-Noguerol T, Montesinos P, Barousse R, Luna A. RadioGraphics Update: Functional MR Neurography in Evaluation of Peripheral Nerve Trauma and Postsurgical Assessment. Radiographics 2021; 41:E40-E44. [PMID: 33646898 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2021200190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Editor's Note.-Articles in the RadioGraphics Update section provide current knowledge to supplement or update information found in full-length articles previously published in RadioGraphics. Authors of the previously published article provide a brief synopsis that emphasizes important new information such as technological advances, revised imaging protocols, new clinical guidelines involving imaging, or updated classification schemes. Articles in this section are published solely online and are linked to the original article. ©RSNA, 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teodoro Martín-Noguerol
- From the MRI Section, Department of Radiology, Clinica Las Nieves, HTmedica, Carmelo Torres 2, 23007 Jaén, Spain (T.M.N., A.L.); Philips Iberia, Madrid, Spain (P.M.); and Peripheral Nerve and Plexus Department, Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (R.B.)
| | - Paula Montesinos
- From the MRI Section, Department of Radiology, Clinica Las Nieves, HTmedica, Carmelo Torres 2, 23007 Jaén, Spain (T.M.N., A.L.); Philips Iberia, Madrid, Spain (P.M.); and Peripheral Nerve and Plexus Department, Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (R.B.)
| | - Rafael Barousse
- From the MRI Section, Department of Radiology, Clinica Las Nieves, HTmedica, Carmelo Torres 2, 23007 Jaén, Spain (T.M.N., A.L.); Philips Iberia, Madrid, Spain (P.M.); and Peripheral Nerve and Plexus Department, Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (R.B.)
| | - Antonio Luna
- From the MRI Section, Department of Radiology, Clinica Las Nieves, HTmedica, Carmelo Torres 2, 23007 Jaén, Spain (T.M.N., A.L.); Philips Iberia, Madrid, Spain (P.M.); and Peripheral Nerve and Plexus Department, Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (R.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Irimia A, Van Horn JD. Mapping the rest of the human connectome: Atlasing the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system. Neuroimage 2021; 225:117478. [PMID: 33160086 PMCID: PMC8485987 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of diffusion, structural, and functional neuroimaging methods has enabled major multi-site efforts to map the human connectome, which has heretofore been defined as containing all neural connections in the central nervous system (CNS). However, these efforts are not structured to examine the richness and complexity of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which arguably forms the (neglected) rest of the connectome. Despite increasing interest in an atlas of the spinal cord (SC) and PNS which is simultaneously stereotactic, interactive, electronically dissectible, scalable, population-based and deformable, little attention has thus far been devoted to this task of critical importance. Nevertheless, the atlasing of these complete neural structures is essential for neurosurgical planning, neurological localization, and for mapping those components of the human connectome located outside of the CNS. Here we recommend a modification to the definition of the human connectome to include the SC and PNS, and argue for the creation of an inclusive atlas to complement current efforts to map the brain's human connectome, to enhance clinical education, and to assist progress in neuroscience research. In addition to providing a critical overview of existing neuroimaging techniques, image processing methodologies and algorithmic advances which can be combined for the creation of a full connectome atlas, we outline a blueprint for ultimately mapping the entire human nervous system and, thereby, for filling a critical gap in our scientific knowledge of neural connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Irimia
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles CA 90089, United States; Corwin D. Denney Research Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States.
| | - John Darrell Van Horn
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, 485 McCormick Road, Gilmer Hall, Room 102, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States; School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Dell 1, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Roccia E, Neji R, Benkert T, Kiefer B, Goh V, Dregely I. Distortion-free 3D diffusion imaging of the prostate using a multishot diffusion-prepared phase-cycled acquisition and dictionary matching. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1441-1454. [PMID: 32989765 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To achieve three-dimensional (3D) distortion-free apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps for prostate imaging using a multishot diffusion prepared-gradient echo (msDP-GRE) sequence and ADC dictionary matching. METHODS The msDP-GRE sequence is combined with a 3D Cartesian, centric k-space trajectory with center oversampling. Oversampled k-space center averaging and phase cycling are used to address motion- and eddy current-induced magnitude corruption. Extended-phase-graph (EPG) simulations and ADC dictionary matching are used to compensate for T1 effects. To shorten the acquisition time, each volume is undersampled by a factor of two and reconstructed using iterative sensitivity encoding. The proposed approach is characterized using simulations and validated in a kiwifruit phantom, comparing the msDP-GRE ADC maps obtained using both standard monoexponential fitting and dictionary matching with the clinical standard single-shot diffusion weighted-echo planar imaging (ssDW-EPI) ADC. Initial in vivo feasibility is tested in three healthy subjects, and geometric distortion is compared with anatomical T2 -weighted-turbo spin echo. RESULTS In the kiwifruit phantom experiment, the signal magnitude could be recovered using k-space center averaging and phase cycling. No statistically significant difference was observed in the ADC values estimated using msDP-GRE with dictionary matching and clinical standard DW-EPI (P < .05). The in vivo prostate msDP-GRE scans were free of geometric distortion caused by off-resonance susceptibility, and the ADC values in the prostate were in agreement with values found in the published literature. CONCLUSION Nondistorted 3D ADC maps of the prostate can be achieved using a msDP sequence and dictionary matching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Roccia
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Radhouene Neji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,MR Research Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Benkert
- Oncology Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Berthold Kiefer
- Oncology Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vicky Goh
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Radiology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel Dregely
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sollmann N, Cervantes B, Klupp E, Weidlich D, Makowski MR, Kirschke JS, Hu HH, Karampinos DC. Magnetic resonance neurography of the lumbosacral plexus at 3 Tesla - CSF-suppressed imaging with submillimeter resolution by a three-dimensional turbo spin echo sequence. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 71:132-139. [PMID: 32553857 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) of the lumbosacral plexus (LSP) with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) suppression by using submillimeter resolution for three-dimensional (3D) turbo spin echo (TSE) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using extended phase graph (EPG) analysis, the signal response of CSF was simulated considering dephasing from coherent motion for frequency-encoding voxel sizes ranging from 0.3 to 1.3 mm and for CSF velocities ranging from 0 to 4 cm/s. In-vivo MRN included 3D TSE data with frequency encoding parallel to the feet/head axis from 15 healthy adults (mean age: 28.5 ± 3.8 years, 5 females; acquisition voxel size: 2 × 2 × 2 mm3) and 16 pediatric patients (mean age: 6.7 ± 4.1 years, 7 females; acquisition voxel size: 0.7 × 0.7 × 1.4 mm3) acquired at 3 Tesla. Five of the adults were scanned repetitively with changing acquisition voxel sizes (1 × 2 × 2 mm3, 0.7 × 2× 2 mm3, and 0.5 × 2 × 2 mm3). Measurements of the bilateral ganglion of the L5 nerve root, averaged between sides, as well as the CSF in the thecal sac were obtained for all included subjects and compared between adults and pediatric patients and between voxel sizes, using a CSF-to-nerve signal ratio (CSFNR). RESULTS According to simulations, the CSF signal is reduced along the echo train for moving spins. Specifically, it can be reduced by over 90% compared to the maximum simulated signal for flow velocities above 2 cm/s, and could be most effectively suppressed by considering a frequency-encoding voxel size of 0.8 mm or less. For in-vivo measurements, mean CSFNR was 1.52 ± 0.22 for adults and 0.10 ± 0.03 for pediatric patients (p < .0001). Differences in CSFNR were significant between measurements using a voxel size of 2 × 2 × 2 mm3 and measurements in data with reduced voxel sizes (p ≤ .0012), with submillimeter resolution (particularly 0.5 × 2 × 2 mm3) providing highest CSF suppression. CONCLUSIONS Applying frequency-encoding voxel sizes in submillimeter range for 3D TSE imaging with frequency encoding parallel to the feet/head axis may considerably improve MRN of LSP pathology in adults in the future because of favorable CSF suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nico Sollmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Barbara Cervantes
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Klupp
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Dominik Weidlich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Marcus R Makowski
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Jan S Kirschke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Houchun H Hu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Hyperfine Research, Guilford, CT, USA
| | - Dimitrios C Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gersing AS, Cervantes B, Knebel C, Schwaiger BJ, Kirschke JS, Weidlich D, Claudi C, Peeters JM, Pfeiffer D, Rummeny EJ, Karampinos DC, Woertler K. Diffusion tensor imaging and tractography for preoperative assessment of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Eur J Radiol 2020; 129:109110. [PMID: 32559592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic value of fiber tractography and diffusivity analysis generated from 3D diffusion-weighted (DW) sequences for preoperative assessment of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. METHOD MR imaging at 3 T was performed in 22 patients (mean age 41.9 ± 17.1y, 13 women) with histologically confirmed schwannomas (N = 18) and histologically confirmed neurofibromas (N = 11), including a 3D DW turbo spin echo sequence with fat suppression. Diffusion tensor parameters were computed and fiber tracks were determined. Evaluation was performed by two radiologists and one orthopedic surgeon blinded for final diagnosis. Mean diffusivity was computed to allow further assessment of tumor microstructure. Preoperative fascicle visualization was graded, fascicles were categorized regarding anatomical location and amount of fascicles surrounding the tumor. The agreement of imaging findings with intraoperative findings was assessed. RESULTS On 78.3 % of the DTI images, the fascicle visualization was rated as good or very good. Tractography differences were observed in schwannomas and neurofibromas, showing schwannomas to be significantly more often located eccentrically to the nerve (94.8 %) than neurofibromas (0 %, P < 0.01). Fascicles were significantly more often continuous (87.5 %) in schwannomas, while in neurofibromas, none of the tracks was graded to be continuous (0 %, P = 0.014). A substantial agreement between fiber tracking and surgical anatomy was found regarding the fascicle courses surrounding the tumor (κ = 0.78). Mean diffusivity of schwannomas (1.5 ± 0.2 × 10-3 mm2/s) was significantly lower than in neurofibromas (1.8 ± 0.2 × 10-3 mm2/s; P < 0.001). The Youden index showed an optimal cutoff at 1.7 × 10-3 mm2/s (sensitivity, 0.91; specificity, 0.78; J = 0.69). CONCLUSIONS Preoperative diffusion tensor imaging allowed to accurately differentiate between schwannomas and neurofibromas and to describe their location in relation to the nerve fascicles for preoperative planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Gersing
- Department of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Barbara Cervantes
- Department of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Knebel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt J Schwaiger
- Department of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan S Kirschke
- Department of Neuroradiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Weidlich
- Department of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Claudi
- Department of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Daniela Pfeiffer
- Department of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany; Chair for Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics & Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Ernst J Rummeny
- Department of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Dimitrios C Karampinos
- Department of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Woertler
- Department of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sneag DB, Zochowski KC, Tan ET, Queler SC, Burge A, Endo Y, Lin B, Fung M, Shin J. Denoising of diffusion MRI improves peripheral nerve conspicuity and reproducibility. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:1128-1137. [PMID: 31654542 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative diffusion MRI is a promising technique for evaluating peripheral nerve integrity but low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can impede measurement accuracy. PURPOSE To evaluate principal component analysis (PCA) and generalized spherical deconvolution (genSD) denoising techniques to improve within-subject reproducibility and peripheral nerve conspicuity. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Seven healthy volunteers and three peripheral neuropathy patients. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3T/multiband single-shot echo planar diffusion sequence using multishell 55-direction scheme. ASSESSMENT Images were processed using four methods: "original" (no denoising), "average" (10 repetitions), "PCA-only," and "PCA + genSD." Tibial and common peroneal nerve segmentations and masks were generated from volunteer diffusion data. Quantitative (SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]) values were calculated. Three radiologists qualitatively evaluated nerve conspicuity for each method. The two denoising methods were also performed in three patients with peripheral neuropathies. STATISTICAL TESTS For healthy volunteers, calculations included SNR and CNRFA (computed using FA values). Coefficient of variation (CV%) of CNRFA quantified within-subject reproducibility. Groups were compared with two-sample t-tests (significance P < 0.05; two-tailed, Bonferroni-corrected). Odds ratios (ORs) quantified the relative rates of each of three radiologists confidently identifying a nerve, per slice, for the four methods. RESULTS "PCA + genSD" yielded the highest SNR (meanoverall = 14.83 ± 1.99) and tibial and common peroneal nerve CNRFA (meantibial = 3.45, meanperoneal = 2.34) compared to "original" (P SNR < 0.001; P CNR = 0.011) and "PCA-only" (P SNR < 0.001, P CNR < 0.001). "PCA + genSD" had higher within-subject reproducibility (low CV%) for tibial (6.04 ± 1.98) and common peroneal nerves (8.27 ± 2.75) compared to "original" and "PCA-only." The mean FA was higher for "original" than "average" (P < 0.001), but did not differ significantly between "average" and "PCA + genSD" (P = 0.14). "PCA + genSD" had higher tibial and common peroneal nerve conspicuity than "PCA-only" (ORtibial = 2.50, P < 0.001; ORperoneal = 1.86, P < 0.001) and "original" (ORtibial = 2.73, P < 0.001; ORperoneal = 2.43, P < 0.001). DATA CONCLUSION PCA + genSD denoising method improved SNR, CNRFA , and within-subject reproducibility (CV%) without biasing FA and nerve conspicuity. This technique holds promise for facilitating more reliable, unbiased diffusion measurements of peripheral nerves. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 Technical Efficacy Stage: 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1128-1137.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ek T Tan
- GE Global Research, Niskayuna, New York, USA
| | | | - Alissa Burge
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yoshimi Endo
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bin Lin
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gao Y, Han F, Zhou Z, Zhong X, Bi X, Neylon J, Santhanam A, Yang Y, Hu P. Multishot diffusion‐prepared magnitude‐stabilized balanced steady‐state free precession sequence for distortion‐free diffusion imaging. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:2374-2384. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles California
- Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP University of California Los Angeles California
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles California
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Healthineers Los Angeles California
| | - Ziwu Zhou
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles California
| | - Xiaodong Zhong
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Healthineers Los Angeles California
| | - Xiaoming Bi
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Healthineers Los Angeles California
| | - John Neylon
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of California Los Angeles California
| | - Anand Santhanam
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of California Los Angeles California
| | - Yingli Yang
- Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP University of California Los Angeles California
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of California Los Angeles California
| | - Peng Hu
- Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP University of California Los Angeles California
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of California Los Angeles California
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Q, Coolen BF, Nederveen AJ, Strijkers GJ. Three‐dimensional diffusion imaging with spiral encoded navigators from stimulated echoes (3D‐DISPENSE). Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:1052-1065. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinwei Zhang
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bram F. Coolen
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and Physics Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Aart J. Nederveen
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gustav J. Strijkers
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and Physics Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|