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Caldwell HG, Hoiland RL, Bain AR, Howe CA, Carr JMJR, Gibbons TD, Durrer CG, Tymko MM, Stacey BS, Bailey DM, Sekhon MS, MacLeod DB, Ainslie PN. Evidence for direct CO 2 -mediated alterations in cerebral oxidative metabolism in humans. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14197. [PMID: 38958262 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM How the cerebral metabolic rates of oxygen and glucose utilization (CMRO2 and CMRGlc, respectively) are affected by alterations in arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) is equivocal and therefore was the primary question of this study. METHODS This retrospective analysis involved pooled data from four separate studies, involving 41 healthy adults (35 males/6 females). Participants completed stepwise steady-state alterations in PaCO2 ranging between 30 and 60 mmHg. The CMRO2 and CMRGlc were assessed via the Fick approach (CBF × arterial-internal jugular venous difference of oxygen or glucose content, respectively) utilizing duplex ultrasound of the internal carotid artery and vertebral artery to calculate cerebral blood flow (CBF). RESULTS The CMRO2 was altered by 0.5 mL × min-1 (95% CI: -0.6 to -0.3) per mmHg change in PaCO2 (p < 0.001) which corresponded to a 9.8% (95% CI: -13.2 to -6.5) change in CMRO2 with a 9 mmHg change in PaCO2 (inclusive of hypo- and hypercapnia). The CMRGlc was reduced by 7.7% (95% CI: -15.4 to -0.08, p = 0.045; i.e., reduction in net glucose uptake) and the oxidative glucose index (ratio of oxygen to glucose uptake) was reduced by 5.6% (95% CI: -11.2 to 0.06, p = 0.049) with a + 9 mmHg increase in PaCO2. CONCLUSION Collectively, the CMRO2 is altered by approximately 1% per mmHg change in PaCO2. Further, glucose is incompletely oxidized during hypercapnia, indicating reductions in CMRO2 are either met by compensatory increases in nonoxidative glucose metabolism or explained by a reduction in total energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G Caldwell
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan L Hoiland
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Collaborative Entity for REsearching Brain Ischemia (CEREBRI), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anthony R Bain
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connor A Howe
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jay M J R Carr
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Travis D Gibbons
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cody G Durrer
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael M Tymko
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Human Cerebrovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin S Stacey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Damian M Bailey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Mypinder S Sekhon
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Collaborative Entity for REsearching Brain Ischemia (CEREBRI), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David B MacLeod
- Human Pharmacology and Physiology Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
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Hu Y, Shi W, Jiang D, Zhao L, Lu H, Wu D, Lin Z. MR Assessment of Acute Changes of Cerebral Perfusion, Metabolism, and Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Response to Aerobic Exercise. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 39096314 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear how a single bout of exercise affects brain perfusion, oxygen metabolism, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Addressing this unresolved issue is essential to understand the acute changes in cerebral physiology induced by aerobic exercise. PURPOSE To dynamically monitor the acute changes in cerebral physiology subsequent to a single aerobic exercise training session using noninvasive MRI measurements. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Twenty-three healthy participants (18-35 years, 10 females/13 males) were enrolled and divided into 10-minute exercising (N = 10) and 20-minute exercising (N = 13) groups. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0 T/Phase Contrast (PC) MRI (gradient echo), T2-Relaxation-Under-Spin-Tagging (TRUST) MRI (gradient echo EPI), Water-Extraction-with-Phase-Contrast-Arterial-Spin-Tagging (WEPCAST) MRI (gradient echo EPI) and T1-weighted magnetization-prepared-rapid-acquisition-of-gradient-echo (MPRAGE) (gradient echo). ASSESSMENT A baseline MR measurement plus four repeated MR measurements immediately after 10 or 20 minutes moderate running exercise. MR measurements included cerebral blood flow (CBF) as measured by PC MRI, venous oxygenation (Yv) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) as assessed by TRUST MRI, water extraction fraction (E), and BBB permeability-surface-area product (PS) as determined by WEPCAST MRI. STATISTICAL TESTS The time dependence of the physiological parameters was studied with a linear mixed-effect model. Additionally, pairwise t-tests comparison of the physiological parameters at each time point was conducted. A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS There was an initial drop (8.22 ± 2.60%) followed by a recovery in CBF after exercise, while Yv revealed a significant decrease (6.37 ± 0.92%), i.e., an increased oxygen extraction, and returned to baseline at later time points. CMRO2 showed a trend of increase (5.68 ± 3.04%) and a significant interaction between time and group. In addition, E increased significantly (3.86% ± 0.89) and returned to baseline level at later time points, while PS remained elevated (13.33 ± 4.79%). DATA CONCLUSION A single bout of moderate aerobic exercise can induce acute alterations in cerebral perfusion, metabolism, and BBB permeability. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Shi
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dengrong Jiang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zixuan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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3
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Lin Z, Jiang D, Hong Y, Zhang Y, Hsu YC, Lu H, Wu D. Vessel-specific quantification of cerebral venous oxygenation with velocity-encoding preparation and rapid acquisition. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:782-791. [PMID: 38523598 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-invasive measurement of cerebral venous oxygenation (Yv) is of critical importance in brain diseases. The present work proposed a fast method to quantify regional Yv map for both large and small veins. METHODS A new sequence was developed, referred to as TRU-VERA (T2 relaxation under velocity encoding and rapid acquisition, which isolates blood spins from static tissue with velocity-encoding preparation, modulates the T2 weighting of venous signal with T2-preparation and utilizes a bSSFP readout to achieve fast acquisition with high resolution. The sequence was first optimized to achieve best sensitivity for both large and small veins, and then validated with TRUST (T2 relaxation under spin tagging), TRUPC (T2 relaxation under phase contrast), and accelerated TRUPC MRI. Regional difference of Yv was evaluated, and test-retest reproducibility was examined. RESULTS Optimal Venc was determined to be 3 cm/s, while recovery time and balanced SSFP flip angle within reasonable range had minimal effect on SNR efficiency. Venous T2 measured with TRU-VERA was highly correlated with T2 from TRUST (R2 = 0.90), and a conversion equation was established for further calibration to Yv. TRU-VERA sequences showed consistent Yv estimation with TRUPC (R2 = 0.64) and accelerated TRUPC (R2 = 0.79). Coefficient of variation was 0.84% for large veins and 2.49% for small veins, suggesting an excellent test-retest reproducibility. CONCLUSION The proposed TRU-VERA sequence is a promising method for vessel-specific oxygenation assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengrong Jiang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yiwen Hong
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Hsu
- MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Sawan H, Li C, Buch S, Bernitsas E, Haacke EM, Ge Y, Chen Y. Reduced oxygen extraction fraction in deep cerebral veins associated with cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:1298-1305. [PMID: 38820447 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241259551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Studying the relationship between cerebral oxygen utilization and cognitive impairment is essential to understanding neuronal functional changes in the disease progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study explores the potential of using venous susceptibility in internal cerebral veins (ICVs) as an imaging biomarker for cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. Quantitative susceptibility mapping derived from fully flow-compensated MRI phase data was employed to directly measure venous blood oxygen saturation levels (SvO2) in the ICVs. Results revealed a significant reduction in the susceptibility of ICVs (212.4 ± 30.8 ppb vs 239.4 ± 25.9 ppb) and a significant increase of SvO2 (74.5 ± 1.89% vs 72.4 ± 2.23%) in patients with RRMS compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Both the susceptibility of ICVs (r = 0.508, p = 0.031) and the SvO2 (r = -0.498, p = 0.036) exhibited a moderate correlation with cognitive decline in these patients assessed by the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, while no significant correlation was observed with clinical disability measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale. The findings suggest that venous susceptibility in ICVs has the potential to serve as a specific indicator of oxygen metabolism and cognitive function in RRMS. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Sawan
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Chenyang Li
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sagar Buch
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Evanthia Bernitsas
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - E Mark Haacke
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Yulin Ge
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Alzaidi AA, Panek R, Blockley NP. Quantitative BOLD (qBOLD) imaging of oxygen metabolism and blood oxygenation in the human body: A scoping review. Magn Reson Med 2024. [PMID: 39072791 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are many approaches to the quantitative BOLD (qBOLD) technique described in the literature, differing in pulse sequences, MRI parameters and data processing. Thus, in this review, we summarized the acquisition methods, approaches used for oxygenation quantification and clinical populations investigated. METHODS Three databases were systematically searched (Medline, Embase, and Web of Science) for published research that used qBOLD methods for quantification of oxygen metabolism. Data extraction and synthesis were performed by one author and reviewed by a second author. RESULTS A total of 93 relevant papers were identified. Acquisition strategies were summarized, and oxygenation parameters were found to have been investigated in many pathologies such as steno-occlusive diseases, stroke, glioma, and multiple sclerosis disease. CONCLUSION A summary of qBOLD approaches for oxygenation measurements and applications could help researchers to identify good practice and provide objective information to inform the development of future consensus recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam A Alzaidi
- David Greenfield Human Physiology Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Radiology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafal Panek
- Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nicholas P Blockley
- David Greenfield Human Physiology Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Shi W, Jiang D, Hu Z, Yedavalli V, Ge Y, Moghekar A, Lu H. VICTR: Venous transit time imaging by changes in T 1 relaxation. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:158-172. [PMID: 38411277 PMCID: PMC11055660 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormalities in cerebral veins are a common finding in many neurological diseases, yet there is a scarcity of MRI techniques to assess venous hemodynamic function. The present study aims to develop a noncontrast technique to measure a novel blood flow circulatory measure, venous transit time (VTT), which denotes the time it takes for water to travel from capillary to major veins. METHODS The proposed sequence, venous transit time imaging by changes in T1 relaxation (VICTR), is based on the notion that as water molecules transition from the tissue into the veins, they undergo a change in T1 relaxation time. The validity of the measured VTT was tested by studying the VTT along the anatomically known flow trajectory of venous vessels as well as using a physiological vasoconstrictive challenge of caffeine ingestion. Finally, we compared the VTT measured with VICTR MRI to a bolus-tracking method using gadolinium-based contrast agent. RESULTS VTT was measured to be 3116.3 ± 326.0 ms in the posterior superior sagittal sinus (SSS), which was significantly longer than 2865.0 ± 390.8 ms at the anterior superior sagittal sinus (p = 0.004). The test-retest assessment showed an interclass correlation coefficient of 0.964. VTT was significantly increased by 513.8 ± 239.3 ms after caffeine ingestion (p < 0.001). VTT measured with VICTR MRI revealed a strong correlation (R = 0.84, p = 0.002) with that measured with the contrast-based approach. VTT was found inversely correlated to cerebral blood flow and venous oxygenation across individuals. CONCLUSION A noncontrast MRI technique, VICTR MRI, was developed to measure the VTT of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dengrong Jiang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhiyi Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vivek Yedavalli
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yulin Ge
- Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Abhay Moghekar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Wehrli FW. Recent Advances in MR Imaging-based Quantification of Brain Oxygen Metabolism. Magn Reson Med Sci 2024; 23:377-403. [PMID: 38866481 PMCID: PMC11234951 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.rev.2024-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The metabolic rate of oxygen (MRO2) is fundamental to tissue metabolism. Determination of MRO2 demands knowledge of the arterio-venous difference in hemoglobin-bound oxygen concentration, typically expressed as oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and blood flow rate (BFR). MRI is uniquely suited for measurement of both these quantities, yielding MRO2 in absolute physiologic units of µmol O2 min-1/100 g tissue. Two approaches are discussed, both relying on hemoglobin magnetism. Emphasis will be on cerebral oxygen metabolism expressed in terms of the cerebral MRO2 (CMRO2), but translation of the relevant technologies to other organs, including kidney and placenta will be touched upon as well. The first class of methods exploits the blood's bulk magnetic susceptibility, which can be derived from field maps. The second is based on measurement of blood water T2, which is modulated by diffusion and exchange in the local-induced fields within and surrounding erythrocytes. Some whole-organ methods achieve temporal resolution adequate to permit time-series studies of brain energetics, for instance, during sleep in the scanner with concurrent electroencephalogram (EEG) sleep stage monitoring. Conversely, trading temporal for spatial resolution has led to techniques for spatially resolved approaches based on quantitative blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) or calibrated BOLD models, allowing regional assessment of vascular-metabolic parameters, both also exploiting deoxyhemoglobin paramagnetism like their whole-organ counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix W Wehrli
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging (LSPFI), Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Lee H, Xu J, Fernandez-Seara MA, Wehrli FW. Validation of a new 3D quantitative BOLD based cerebral oxygen extraction mapping. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:1184-1198. [PMID: 38289876 PMCID: PMC11179617 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231220332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative BOLD (qBOLD) MRI allows evaluation of oxidative metabolism of the brain based purely on an endogenous contrast mechanism. The method quantifies deoxygenated blood volume (DBV) and hemoglobin oxygen saturation level of venous blood (Yv), yielding oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and along with a separate measurement of cerebral blood flow, cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) maps. Here, we evaluated our recently reported 3D qBOLD method that rectifies a number of deficiencies in prior qBOLD approaches in terms of repeat reproducibility and sensitivity to hypercapnia on the metabolic parameters, and in comparison to dual-gas calibrated BOLD (cBOLD) MRI for determining resting-state oxygen metabolism. Results suggested no significant difference between test-retest qBOLD scans in either DBV and OEF. Exposure to hypercapnia yielded group averages of 38 and 28% for OEF and 151 and 146 µmol/min/100 g for CMRO2 in gray matter at baseline and hypercapnia, respectively. The decrease of OEF during hypercapnia was significant (p ≪ 0.01), whereas CMRO2 did not change significantly (p = 0.25). Finally, baseline OEF (37 vs. 39%) and CMRO2 (153 vs. 145 µmol/min/100 g) in gray matter using qBOLD and dual-gas cBOLD were found to be in good agreement with literature values, and were not significantly different from each other (p > 0.1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunyeol Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maria A Fernandez-Seara
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Radiology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felix W Wehrli
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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T AR, K K, Paul JS. Unveiling metabolic patterns in dementia: Insights from high-resolution quantitative blood-oxygenation-level-dependent MRI. Med Phys 2024. [PMID: 38888202 DOI: 10.1002/mp.17173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and deoxyhemoglobin (DoHb) levels reflect variations in cerebral oxygen metabolism in demented patients. PURPOSE Delineating the metabolic profiles evident throughout different phases of dementia necessitates an integrated analysis of OEF and DoHb levels. This is enabled by leveraging high-resolution quantitative blood oxygenation level dependent (qBOLD) analysis of magnitude images obtained from a multi-echo gradient-echo MRI (mGRE) scan performed on a 3.0 Tesla scanner. METHODS Achieving superior spatial resolution in qBOLD necessitates the utilization of an mGRE scan with only four echoes, which in turn limits the number of measurements compared to the parameters within the qBOLD model. Consequently, it becomes imperative to discard non-essential parameters to facilitate further analysis. This process entails transforming the qBOLD model into a format suitable for fitting the log-magnitude difference (L-MDif) profiles of the four echo magnitudes present in each brain voxel. In order to bolster spatial specificity, the log-difference qBOLD model undergoes refinement into a representative form, termed as r-qBOLD, particularly when applied to class-averaged L-MDif signals derived through k-means clustering of L-MDif signals from all brain voxels into a predetermined number of clusters. The agreement between parameters estimated using r-qBOLD for different cluster sizes is validated using Bland-Altman analysis, and the model's goodness-of-fit is evaluated using aχ 2 ${\chi ^2}$ -test. Retrospective MRI data of Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and non-demented patients without neuropathological disorders, pacemakers, other implants, or psychiatric disorders, who completed a minimum of three visits prior to MRI enrolment, are utilized for the study. RESULTS Utilizing a cohort comprising 30 demented patients aged 65-83 years in stages 4-6 representing mild, moderate, and severe stages according to the clinical dementia rating (CDR), matched with an age-matched non-demented control group of 18 individuals, we conducted joint observations of OEF and DoHb levels estimated using r-qBOLD. The observations elucidate metabolic signatures in dementia based on OEF and DoHb levels in each voxel. Our principal findings highlight the significance of spatial patterns of metabolic profiles (metabolic patterns) within two distinct regimes: OEF levels exceeding the normal range (S1-regime), and OEF levels below the normal range (S2-regime). The S1-regime, accompanied by low DoHb levels, predominantly manifests in fronto-parietal and perivascular regions with increase in dementia severity. Conversely, the S2-regime, accompanied by low DoHb levels, is observed in medial temporal (MTL) regions. Other regions with abnormal metabolic patterns included the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), medial-orbital prefrontal cortex (MOPFC), hypothalamus, ventro-medial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), and retrosplenial cortex (RSP). Dysfunction in the OFC and MOPFC indicated cognitive and emotional impairment, while hypothalamic involvement potentially indicated preclinical dementia. Reduced metabolic activity in the RSP suggested early-stage AD related functional abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Integrated analysis of OEF and DoHb levels using r-qBOLD reveals distinct metabolic signatures across dementia phases, highlighting regions susceptible to neuronal loss, vascular involvement, and preclinical indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Raj T
- Division of Medical Informatics, School of Informatics, Kerala University of Digital Sciences Innovation & Technology (DUK), Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Karthik K
- Department of Neuroimaging & Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Joseph Suresh Paul
- Division of Medical Informatics, School of Informatics, Kerala University of Digital Sciences Innovation & Technology (DUK), Trivandrum, Kerala, India
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Li C, Buch S, Sun Z, Muccio M, Jiang L, Chen Y, Haacke EM, Zhang J, Wisniewski TM, Ge Y. In vivo mapping of hippocampal venous vasculature and oxygenation using susceptibility imaging at 7T. Neuroimage 2024; 291:120597. [PMID: 38554779 PMCID: PMC11115460 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mapping the small venous vasculature of the hippocampus in vivo is crucial for understanding how functional changes of hippocampus evolve with age. Oxygen utilization in the hippocampus could serve as a sensitive biomarker for early degenerative changes, surpassing hippocampal tissue atrophy as the main source of information regarding tissue degeneration. Using an ultrahigh field (7T) susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) sequence, it is possible to capture oxygen-level dependent contrast of submillimeter-sized vessels. Moreover, the quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) results derived from SWI data allow for the simultaneous estimation of venous oxygenation levels, thereby enhancing the understanding of hippocampal function. In this study, we proposed two potential imaging markers in a cohort of 19 healthy volunteers aged between 20 and 74 years. These markers were: 1) hippocampal venous density on SWI images and 2) venous susceptibility (Δχvein) in the hippocampus-associated draining veins (the inferior ventricular veins (IVV) and the basal veins of Rosenthal (BVR) using QSM images). They were chosen specifically to help characterize the oxygen utilization of the human hippocampus and medial temporal lobe (MTL). As part of the analysis, we demonstrated the feasibility of measuring hippocampal venous density and Δχvein in the IVV and BVR at 7T with high spatial resolution (0.25 × 0.25 × 1 mm3). Our results demonstrated the in vivo reconstruction of the hippocampal venous system, providing initial evidence regarding the presence of the venous arch structure within the hippocampus. Furthermore, we evaluated the age effect of the two quantitative estimates and observed a significant increase in Δχvein for the IVV with age (p=0.006, r2 = 0.369). This may suggest the potential application of Δχvein in IVV as a marker for assessing changes in atrophy-related hippocampal oxygen utilization in normal aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Li
- Department of Radiology, Center for Biomedical Imaging, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sagar Buch
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Radiology, Center for Biomedical Imaging, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco Muccio
- Department of Radiology, Center for Biomedical Imaging, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Center for Biomedical Imaging, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - E Mark Haacke
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Radiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jiangyang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Center for Biomedical Imaging, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Yulin Ge
- Department of Radiology, Center for Biomedical Imaging, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Kim J, Lee H, Oh SS, Jang J, Lee H. Automated Quantification of Total Cerebral Blood Flow from Phase-Contrast MRI and Deep Learning. JOURNAL OF IMAGING INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE 2024; 37:563-574. [PMID: 38343224 PMCID: PMC11031545 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-023-00948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Knowledge of input blood to the brain, which is represented as total cerebral blood flow (tCBF), is important in evaluating brain health. Phase-contrast (PC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables blood velocity mapping, allowing for noninvasive measurements of tCBF. In the procedure, manual selection of brain-feeding arteries is an essential step, but is time-consuming and often subjective. Thus, the purpose of this work was to develop and validate a deep learning (DL)-based technique for automated tCBF quantifications. To enhance the DL segmentation performance on arterial blood vessels, in the preprocessing step magnitude and phase images of PC MRI were multiplied several times. Thereafter, a U-Net was trained on 218 images for three-class segmentation. Network performance was evaluated in terms of the Dice coefficient and the intersection-over-union (IoU) on 40 test images, and additionally, on externally acquired 20 datasets. Finally, tCBF was calculated from the DL-predicted vessel segmentation maps, and its accuracy was statistically assessed with the correlation of determination (R2), the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), paired t-tests, and Bland-Altman analysis, in comparison to manually derived values. Overall, the DL segmentation network provided accurate labeling of arterial blood vessels for both internal (Dice=0.92, IoU=0.86) and external (Dice=0.90, IoU=0.82) tests. Furthermore, statistical analyses for tCBF estimates revealed good agreement between automated versus manual quantifications in both internal (R2=0.85, ICC=0.91, p=0.52) and external (R2=0.88, ICC=0.93, p=0.88) test groups. The results suggest feasibility of a simple and automated protocol for quantifying tCBF from neck PC MRI and deep learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwon Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, IT1-603, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41075, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyebin Lee
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Suk Oh
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI hub), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Jang
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunyeol Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, IT1-603, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41075, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Aumann MA, Richerson W, Song AK, Davis LT, Pruthi S, Davis S, Patel NJ, Custer C, Kassim AA, DeBaun MR, Donahue MJ, Jordan LC. Cerebral hemodynamic changes after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplant in adults with sickle cell disease. Blood Adv 2024; 8:608-619. [PMID: 37883803 PMCID: PMC10838697 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Preliminary evidence from a series of 4 adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) suggests that hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) improves cerebral hemodynamics. HSCT largely normalizes cerebral hemodynamics in children with SCD. We tested the hypothesis in adults with SCD that cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) measured using magnetic resonance imaging, normalized to healthy values, comparing measurements from ∼1 month before to 12 to 24 months after HSCT (n = 11; age, 33.3 ± 8.9 years; 389 ± 150 days after HSCT) with age-, race- and sex-matched values from healthy adults without sickle trait (n = 28; age, 30.2 ± 5.6 years). Before transplant, 7 patients had neurological indications for transplant (eg, overt stroke) and 4 had nonneurological reasons for haploidentical bone marrow transplant (haplo-BMT). All received haplo-BMT from first-degree relatives (parent, sibling, or child donor) with reduced-intensity preparation and maintained engraftment. Before transplant, CBF was elevated (CBF, 69.11 ± 24.7 mL/100 g/min) compared with that of controls (P = .004). Mean CBF declined significantly after haplo-BMT (posttransplant CBF, 48.2 ± 13.9 mL/100 g/min; P = .003). OEF was not different from that of controls at baseline and did not change significantly after haplo-BMT (pretransplant, 43.1 ± 6.7%; posttransplant, 39.6 ± 7.0%; P = .34). After transplant, CBF and OEF were not significantly different from controls (CBF, 48.2 ± 13.4 mL/100 g/min; P = .78; and OEF, 39.6 ± 7.0%; P > .99). CMRO2 did not change significantly after haplo-BMT (pretransplant, 3.18 ± 0.87 mL O2/100 g/min; posttransplant, 2.95 ± 0.83; P = .56). Major complications of haplo-BMT included 1 infection-related death and 1 severe chronic graft-versus-host disease. Haplo-BMT in adults with SCD reduces CBF to that of control values and maintains OEF and CMRO2 on average at levels observed in healthy adult controls. The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01850108.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A. Aumann
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Wesley Richerson
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Alexander K. Song
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - L. Taylor Davis
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sumit Pruthi
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Samantha Davis
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Niral J. Patel
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Chelsea Custer
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Adetola A. Kassim
- Vanderbilt-Meharry Center of Excellence in Sickle Cell Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Michael R. DeBaun
- Vanderbilt-Meharry Center of Excellence in Sickle Cell Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Manus J. Donahue
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Lori C. Jordan
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Sawan H, Li C, Buch S, Bernitsas E, Haacke EM, Ge Y, Chen Y. Reduced Oxygen Extraction Fraction in Deep Cerebral Veins Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.10.24301049. [PMID: 38260542 PMCID: PMC10802653 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.24301049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Studying the relationship between cerebral oxygen utilization and cognitive impairment is essential to understanding neuronal functional changes in the disease progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study explores the potential of using venous susceptibility in internal cerebral veins (ICVs) as an imaging biomarker for cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. Quantitative susceptibility mapping derived from fully flow-compensated MRI phase data was employed to directly measure venous blood oxygen saturation levels (SvO2) in the ICVs. Results revealed a significant reduction in the susceptibility of ICVs (212.4 ± 30.8 ppb vs 239.4 ± 25.9 ppb) and a significant increase of SvO2 (74.5 ± 1.89 % vs 72.4 ± 2.23 %) in patients with RRMS compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Both the susceptibility of ICVs (r = 0.646, p = 0.004) and the SvO2 (r = -0.603, p = 0.008) exhibited a strong correlation with cognitive decline in these patients assessed by the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, while no significant correlation was observed with clinical disability measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale. The findings suggest that venous susceptibility in ICVs has the potential to serve as a specific indicator of oxygen metabolism and cognitive function in RRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Sawan
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Chenyang Li
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sagar Buch
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Evanthia Bernitsas
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - E. Mark Haacke
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Yulin Ge
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Gou Y, Golden WC, Lin Z, Shepard J, Tekes A, Hu Z, Li X, Oishi K, Albert M, Lu H, Liu P, Jiang D. Automatic Rejection based on Tissue Signal (ARTS) for motion-corrected quantification of cerebral venous oxygenation in neonates and older adults. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 105:92-99. [PMID: 37939974 PMCID: PMC10841989 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cerebral venous oxygenation (Yv) is a key parameter for the brain's oxygen utilization and has been suggested to be a valuable biomarker in various brain diseases including hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in neonates and Alzheimer's disease in older adults. T2-Relaxation-Under-Spin-Tagging (TRUST) MRI is a widely used technique to measure global Yv level and has been validated against gold-standard PET. However, subject motion during TRUST MRI scan can introduce considerable errors in Yv quantification, especially for noncompliant subjects. The aim of this study was to develop an Automatic Rejection based on Tissue Signal (ARTS) algorithm for automatic detection and exclusion of motion-contaminated images to improve the precision of Yv quantification. METHODS TRUST MRI data were collected from a neonatal cohort (N = 37, 16 females, gestational age = 39.12 ± 1.11 weeks, postnatal age = 1.89 ± 0.74 days) and an older adult cohort (N = 223, 134 females, age = 68.02 ± 9.01 years). Manual identification of motion-corrupted images was conducted for both cohorts to serve as a gold-standard. 9.3% of the images in the neonatal datasets and 0.4% of the images in the older adult datasets were manually identified as motion-contaminated. The ARTS algorithm was trained using the neonatal datasets. TRUST Yv values, as well as the estimation uncertainty (ΔR2) and test-retest coefficient-of-variation (CoV) of Yv, were calculated with and without ARTS motion exclusion. The ARTS algorithm was tested on datasets of older adults: first on the original adult datasets with little motion, and then on simulated adult datasets where the percentage of motion-corrupted images matched that of the neonatal datasets. RESULTS In the neonatal datasets, the ARTS algorithm exhibited a sensitivity of 0.95 and a specificity of 0.97 in detecting motion-contaminated images. Compared to no motion exclusion, ARTS significantly reduced the ΔR2 (median = 3.68 Hz vs. 4.89 Hz, P = 0.0002) and CoV (median = 2.57% vs. 6.87%, P = 0.0005) of Yv measurements. In the original older adult datasets, the sensitivity and specificity of ARTS were 0.70 and 1.00, respectively. In the simulated adult datasets, ARTS demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.91 and a specificity of 1.00. Additionally, ARTS significantly reduced the ΔR2 compared to no motion exclusion (median = 2.15 Hz vs. 3.54 Hz, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION ARTS can improve the reliability of Yv estimation in noncompliant subjects, which may enhance the utility of Yv as a biomarker for brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Gou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - W Christopher Golden
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zixuan Lin
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Shepard
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aylin Tekes
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhiyi Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xin Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kumiko Oishi
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marilyn Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peiying Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dengrong Jiang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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15
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Cantrell CG, Nguyen V, Vakil P, Jeong Y, Menon R, Ansari SA, Kawaji K, Carroll TJ. Transient susceptibility imaging as a measure of hemodynamic compromise: A pilot study. Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 104:105-114. [PMID: 37820979 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that hemodynamically compromised brains exhibit transient changes in magnetic susceptibility throughout the cardiac cycle, and to model these changes using Linear System Theory to extract an index that reflects cerebrovascular reserve. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven patients with angiographically-confirmed intracranial atherosclerotic disease with >50% stenosis were imaged with susceptibility weighted, cardiac-gated single shot images of cerebral Oxygen Extraction Fraction (OEF) at different timepoints of the cardiac cycle. Cardiac gating of the OEF acquisition allowed interrogation of oxygenated blood and the detection of changes throughout the cardiac cycle. Independent component analysis (ICA) of raw k-space data across the cardiac phase allowed MRI signal decomposition into dynamic and static components for image reconstruction. An asymmetry index score of the resultant parametric images were compared to test the hypothesis that variation in hemoglobin-induced susceptibility across the cardiac cycle indeed reflects pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease. A mathematical model was derived to parameterize physiologic changes induced by the presence of a hemodynamically significant stenosis in the brain as a tissue impulse response parameter (β). RESULTS OEF was elevated in the affected hemisphere (50.34 ± 12.13% vs 46.93 ± 12.34%), but failed to reach statistical significance (p < .0796). Transient changes in the OEF signal showed significant distinction between healthy and compromised tissue (0.56 ± 0.067 vs 0.44 ± 0.067, p < .019)). The derived tissue impulse response function was found to be significant as well (10.72 ± 3.48 10-3 ms-1, 9.69 ± 3.51 10-3 ms-1; p < .037). CONCLUSION In this pilot study, we found transient OEF and β to be significant predictors of hemispheric compromise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles G Cantrell
- University of Chicago, Department of Radiology, Billings Hospital, P220 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC2026, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Vivian Nguyen
- University of Chicago, Department of Radiology, Billings Hospital, P220 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC2026, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wishnick Hall 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Parmede Vakil
- University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 1853 W Polk St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Northwestern University, Department of Radiology, 676 N. St. Clair St. Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yong Jeong
- McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, E310, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Rajiv Menon
- New York University, Langone Medical Center, 424 E 34th St., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sameer Ahmad Ansari
- Northwestern University, Department of Radiology, 676 N. St. Clair St. Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Northwestern University, Departments of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, 676 North St. Clair Street Suite 2210, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Keigo Kawaji
- University of Chicago, Department of Radiology, Billings Hospital, P220 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC2026, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wishnick Hall 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Timothy J Carroll
- University of Chicago, Department of Radiology, Billings Hospital, P220 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC2026, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Bohraus Y, Merkle H, Logothetis NK, Goense J. Laminar differences in functional oxygen metabolism in monkey visual cortex measured with calibrated fMRI. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113341. [PMID: 37897728 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) of cortical layers relies on the hemodynamic response and is biased toward large veins on the cortical surface. Functional changes in the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (ΔCMRO2) may reflect neural cortical function better than BOLD fMRI, but it is unknown whether the calibrated BOLD model for functional CMRO2 measurement remains valid at high resolution. Here, we measure laminar ΔCMRO2 elicited by visual stimulation in macaque primary visual cortex (V1) and find that ΔCMRO2 peaks in the middle of the cortex, in agreement with autoradiographic measures of metabolism. ΔCMRO2 values in gray matter are similar as found previously. Reductions in CMRO2 are associated with veins at the cortical surface, suggesting that techniques for vein removal may improve the accuracy of the model at very high resolution. However, our results show feasibility of laminar ΔCMRO2 measurement, providing a physiologically meaningful metric of laminar functional metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Bohraus
- Department of Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Nikos K Logothetis
- Department of Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Department of Physiology of Cognitive Processes, International Center for Primate Brain Research, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201602, China; Centre for Imaging Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jozien Goense
- Department of Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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17
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Ghaderi S, Mohammadi S, Mohammadi M. Obstructive sleep apnea and attention deficits: A systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers and neuropsychological assessments. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3262. [PMID: 37743582 PMCID: PMC10636416 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that causes intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation, leading to attention impairment and other cognitive deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful modality that can reveal the structural and functional brain alterations associated with attention impairment in OSA patients. The objective of this systematic review is to identify and synthesize the evidence on MRI biomarkers and neuropsychological assessments of attention deficits in OSA patients. METHODS We searched the Scopus and PubMed databases for studies that used MRI to measure biomarkers related to attention alteration in OSA patients and reported qualitative and quantitative data on the association between MRI biomarkers and attention outcomes. We also included studies that found an association between neuropsychological assessments and MRI findings in OSA patients with attention deficits. RESULTS We included 19 studies that met our inclusion criteria and extracted the relevant data from each study. We categorized the studies into three groups based on the MRI modality and the cognitive domain they used: structural and diffusion tensor imaging MRI findings, functional, perfusion, and metabolic MRI findings, and neuropsychological assessment findings. CONCLUSIONS We found that OSA is associated with structural, functional, and metabolic brain alterations in multiple regions and networks that are involved in attention processing. Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure can partially reverse some of the brain changes and improve cognitive function in some domains and in some studies. This review suggests that MRI techniques and neuropsychological assessments can be useful tools for monitoring the progression and response to treatment of OSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Ghaderi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction StudiesSchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sana Mohammadi
- Department of Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahdi Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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18
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Eldirdiri A, Zhuo J, Lin Z, Lu H, Gullapalli RP, Jiang D. Toward vendor-independent measurement of cerebral venous oxygenation: Comparison of TRUST MRI across three major MRI manufacturers and association with end-tidal CO 2. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4990. [PMID: 37315951 PMCID: PMC10801912 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral venous oxygenation (Yv ) is a valuable biomarker for a variety of brain diseases. T2 relaxation under spin tagging (TRUST) MRI is a widely used method for Yv quantification. In this work, there were two main objectives. The first was to evaluate the reproducibility of TRUST Yv measurements across MRI scanners from different vendors. The second was to examine the correlation between Yv and end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2 ) in a multisite, multivendor setting and determine the usefulness of this correlation to account for variations in Yv caused by normal variations and physiological fluctuations. Standardized TRUST pulse sequences were implemented on three scanners from major MRI vendors (GE, Siemens, Philips). These scanners were located at two research institutions. Ten healthy subjects were scanned. On each scanner, the subject underwent two scan sessions, each of which included three TRUST scans, to evaluate the intrasession and intersession reproducibility of Yv . Each scanner was also equipped with a capnograph device to record the EtCO2 of the subject during the MRI scan. We found no significant bias in Yv measurements across the three scanners (P = 0.18). The measured Yv values on the three scanners were also strongly correlated with each other (intraclass correlation coefficients > 0.85, P < 0.001). The intrasession and intersession coefficients of variation of Yv were less than 4% and showed no significant difference among the scanners. In addition, our results revealed that (1) within the same subject, Yv increased with EtCO2 at a rate of 1.24 ± 0.17%/mmHg (P < 0.0001), and (2) across different subjects, individuals with a higher EtCO2 had a higher Yv , at a rate of 0.94 ± 0.36%/mmHg (P = 0.01). These results suggest that (1) the standardized TRUST sequences had similar accuracies and reproducibilities for the quantification of Yv across the scanners, and (2) recording of EtCO2 may be a useful complement to Yv measurement to account for CO2 -related physiological fluctuations in Yv in multisite, multivendor studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakr Eldirdiri
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jiachen Zhuo
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zixuan Lin
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rao P. Gullapalli
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dengrong Jiang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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19
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Caporale AS, Barclay AM, Xu J, Rao H, Lee H, Langham MC, Detre JA, Wehrli FW. Superior sagittal sinus flow as a proxy for tracking global cerebral blood flow dynamics during wakefulness and sleep. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1340-1350. [PMID: 36927172 PMCID: PMC10369151 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231164423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Sleep, a state of reduced consciousness, affects brain oxygen metabolism and lowers cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2). Previously, we quantified CMRO2 during sleep via Fick's Principle, with a single-band MRI sequence measuring both hemoglobin O2 saturation (SvO2) and superior sagittal sinus (SSS) blood flow, which was upscaled to obtain total cerebral blood flow (tCBF). The procedure involves a brief initial calibration scan to determine the upscaling factor (fc), assumed state-invariant. Here, we used a dual-band sequence to simultaneously provide SvO2 in SSS and tCBF in the neck every 16 seconds, allowing quantification of fc dynamically. Ten healthy subjects were scanned by MRI with simultaneous EEG for 80 minutes, yielding 300 temporal image frames per subject. Four volunteers achieved slow-wave sleep (SWS), as evidenced by increased δ-wave activity (per American Academy of Sleep Medicine criteria). SWS was maintained for 13.5 ± 7.0 minutes, with CMRO2 28.6 ± 5.5% lower than pre-sleep wakefulness. Importantly, there was negligible bias between tCBF obtained by upscaling SSS-blood flow, and tCBF measured directly in the inflowing arteries of the neck (intra-class correlation 0.95 ± 0.04, averaged across all subjects), showing that the single-band approach is a valid substitute for quantifying tCBF, simplifying image data collection and analysis without sacrificing accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra S Caporale
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiological, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, ‘G. d’Annunzio University’ of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), ‘G. d’Annunzio University’ of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alexander M Barclay
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiological, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jing Xu
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiological, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hyunyeol Lee
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiological, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Michael C Langham
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiological, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John A Detre
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiological, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Felix W Wehrli
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiological, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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20
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Biondetti E, Cho J, Lee H. Cerebral oxygen metabolism from MRI susceptibility. Neuroimage 2023; 276:120189. [PMID: 37230206 PMCID: PMC10335841 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of MRI methods exploiting magnetic susceptibility properties of blood to assess cerebral oxygen metabolism, including the tissue oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2). The first section is devoted to describing blood magnetic susceptibility and its effect on the MRI signal. Blood circulating in the vasculature can have diamagnetic (oxyhemoglobin) or paramagnetic properties (deoxyhemoglobin). The overall balance between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin determines the induced magnetic field which, in turn, modulates the transverse relaxation decay of the MRI signal via additional phase accumulation. The following sections of this review then illustrate the principles underpinning susceptibility-based techniques for quantifying OEF and CMRO2. Here, it is detailed whether these techniques provide global (OxFlow) or local (Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping - QSM, calibrated BOLD - cBOLD, quantitative BOLD - qBOLD, QSM+qBOLD) measurements of OEF or CMRO2, and what signal components (magnitude or phase) and tissue pools they consider (intravascular or extravascular). Validations studies and potential limitations of each method are also described. The latter include (but are not limited to) challenges in the experimental setup, the accuracy of signal modeling, and assumptions on the measured signal. The last section outlines the clinical uses of these techniques in healthy aging and neurodegenerative diseases and contextualizes these reports relative to results from gold-standard PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Biondetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "D'Annunzio University" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "D'Annunzio University" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Junghun Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Hyunyeol Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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21
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Zhao F, Tomita M, Dutta A. Operational Modal Analysis of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Measure of 2-Month Exercise Intervention Effects in Sedentary Older Adults with Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1099. [PMID: 37509027 PMCID: PMC10377417 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators) found that diabetes significantly increases the overall burden of disease, leading to a 24.4% increase in disability-adjusted life years. Persistently high glucose levels in diabetes can cause structural and functional changes in proteins throughout the body, and the accumulation of protein aggregates in the brain that can be associated with the progression of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). To address this burden in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a combined aerobic and resistance exercise program was developed based on the recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine. The prospectively registered clinical trials (NCT04626453, NCT04812288) involved two groups: an Intervention group of older sedentary adults with T2DM and a Control group of healthy older adults who could be either active or sedentary. The completion rate for the 2-month exercise program was high, with participants completing on an average of 89.14% of the exercise sessions. This indicated that the program was practical, feasible, and well tolerated, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was also safe, requiring minimal equipment and no supervision. Our paper presents portable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based measures that showed muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2), i.e., the balance between oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption in muscle, drop during bilateral heel rise task (BHR) and the 6 min walk task (6MWT) significantly (p < 0.05) changed at the post-intervention follow-up from the pre-intervention baseline in the T2DM Intervention group participants. Moreover, post-intervention changes from pre-intervention baseline for the prefrontal activation (both oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin) showed statistically significant (p < 0.05, q < 0.05) effect at the right superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral, during the Mini-Cog task. Here, operational modal analysis provided further insights into the 2-month exercise intervention effects on the very-low-frequency oscillations (<0.05 Hz) during the Mini-Cog task that improved post-intervention in the sedentary T2DM Intervention group from their pre-intervention baseline when compared to active healthy Control group. Then, the 6MWT distance significantly (p < 0.01) improved in the T2DM Intervention group at post-intervention follow-up from pre-intervention baseline that showed improved aerobic capacity and endurance. Our portable NIRS based measures have practical implications at the point of care for the therapists as they can monitor muscle and brain oxygenation changes during physical and cognitive tests to prescribe personalized physical exercise doses without triggering individual stress response, thereby, enhancing vascular health in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Machiko Tomita
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Anirban Dutta
- School of Engineering, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN67TS, UK
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22
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Waddle SL, Garza M, Ying C, Davis LT, Jordan LC, An H, Donahue MJ. Vascular space occupancy asymmetric spin echo (VASO-ASE) for non-invasive quantification of cerebral oxygen extraction fraction. Magn Reson Med 2023; 90:211-221. [PMID: 36880522 PMCID: PMC10149592 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Asymmetric spin echo (ASE) MRI is a method for measuring regional oxygen extraction fraction (OEF); however, extravascular tissue models have been shown to under-estimate OEF. The hypothesis investigated here is that the addition of a vascular-space-occupancy (VASO) pre-pulse will more fully suppress blood water signal and provide global OEF values more consistent with physiological expectation and 15 O positron emission tomography (PET)-validated T2 -relaxation-under-spin-tagging (TRUST) OEF measures. METHODS Healthy adults (n = 14; age = 27.7 ± 5.2 y; sex = 7/7 male/female) were scanned at 3.0T. Multi-echo ASE without inter-readout refocusing (ASERF- ), multi-echo ASE with inter-readout refocusing (ASERF+ ), and single-echo VASO-ASE were acquired twice each with common spatial resolution = 3.44 × 3.44 × 3.0 mm and τ = 0-20 ms (interval = 0.5 ms). TRUST was acquired twice sequentially for independent global OEF assessment (τCPMG = 10 ms; effective TEs = 0, 40, 80, and 160 ms; spatial resolution = 3.4 × 3.4 × 5 mm). OEF intraclass-correlation-coefficients (ICC), summary statistics, and group-wise differences were assessed (Wilcoxon rank-sum; significance: two-sided p < 0.05). RESULTS ASERF+ (OEF = 36.8 ± 1.9%) and VASO-ASE (OEF = 34.4 ± 2.3%) produced OEF values similar to TRUST (OEF = 36.5 ± 4.6%, human calibration model; OEF = 32.7 ± 4.9%, bovine calibration model); however, ASERF- yielded lower OEF (OEF = 26.1 ± 1.0%; p < 0.01) relative to TRUST. VASO-ASE (ICC = 0.61) yielded lower ICC compared to other ASE variants (ICC >0.89). CONCLUSION VASO-ASE and TRUST provide similar OEF values; however, VASO-ASE spatial coverage and repeatability improvements are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer L. Waddle
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville ,TN, USA
| | - Maria Garza
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville ,TN, USA
| | - Chunwei Ying
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L. Taylor Davis
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lori C. Jordan
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville ,TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hongyu An
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Manus J. Donahue
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville ,TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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23
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Meng Y, Li CX, Zhang X. Quantitative Evaluation of Oxygen Extraction Fraction Changes in the Monkey Brain during Acute Stroke by Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1008. [PMID: 37109537 PMCID: PMC10146121 DOI: 10.3390/life13041008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) indicates the brain's oxygen consumption and can be estimated by using the quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) MRI technique. Recent studies have suggested that OEF alteration following stroke is associated with the viability of at-risk tissue. In the present study, the temporal evolution of OEF in the monkey brain during acute stroke was investigated using QSM. METHODS Ischemic stroke was induced in adult rhesus monkeys (n = 8) with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) by using an interventional approach. Diffusion-, T2-, and T2*-weighted images were conducted on day 0, day 2, and day 4 post-stroke using a clinical 3T scanner. Progressive changes in magnetic susceptibility and OEF, along with their correlations with the transverse relaxation rates and diffusion indices, were examined. RESULTS The magnetic susceptibility and OEF in injured gray matter of the brain significantly increased during the hyperacute phase, and then decreased significantly on day 2 and day 4. Moreover, the temporal changes of OEF in gray matter were moderately correlated with mean diffusivity (MD) (r = 0.52; p = 0.046) from day 0 to day 4. Magnetic susceptibility in white matter progressively increased (from negative values to near zero) during acute stroke, and significant increases were seen on day 2 (p = 0.08) and day 4 (p = 0.003) when white matter was significantly degenerated. However, significant reduction of OEF in white matter was not seen until day 4 post-stroke. CONCLUSION The preliminary results demonstrate that QSM-derived OEF is a robust approach to examine the progressive changes of gray matter in the ischemic brain from the hyperacute phase to the subacute phase of stroke. The changes of OEF in gray matter were more prominent than those in white matter following stroke insult. The findings suggest that QSM-derived OEF may provide complementary information for understanding the neuropathology of the brain tissue following stroke and predicting stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuguang Meng
- EPC Imaging Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Chun-Xia Li
- EPC Imaging Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- EPC Imaging Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
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24
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Zhang X. Effects of Anesthesia on Cerebral Blood Flow and Functional Connectivity of Nonhuman Primates. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9100516. [PMID: 36288129 PMCID: PMC9609818 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9100516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are the closest living relatives of humans and play a critical and unique role in neuroscience research and pharmaceutical development. General anesthesia is usually required in neuroimaging studies of NHPs to keep the animal from stress and motion. However, the adverse effects of anesthesia on cerebral physiology and neural activity are pronounced and can compromise the data collection and interpretation. Functional connectivity is frequently examined using resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) to assess the functional abnormality in the animal brain under anesthesia. The fMRI signal can be dramatically suppressed by most anesthetics in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, rsfMRI studies may be further compromised by inter-subject variations when the sample size is small (as seen in most neuroscience studies of NHPs). Therefore, proper use of anesthesia is strongly demanded to ensure steady and consistent physiology maintained during rsfMRI data collection of each subject. The aim of this review is to summarize typical anesthesia used in rsfMRI scans of NHPs and the effects of anesthetics on cerebral physiology and functional connectivity. Moreover, the protocols with optimal rsfMRI data acquisition and anesthesia procedures for functional connectivity study of macaque monkeys are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- EPC Imaging Center and Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood RD, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
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