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Khan S, Aw ESY, Nagle-Cocco LAV, Sud A, Ghosh S, Subhan MKB, Xue Z, Freeman C, Sagkovits D, Gutiérrez-Llorente A, Verzhbitskiy I, Arroo DM, Zollitsch CW, Eda G, Santos EJG, Dutton SE, Bramwell ST, Howard CA, Kurebayashi H. Spin-Glass States Generated in a van der Waals Magnet by Alkali-Ion Intercalation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2400270. [PMID: 39036829 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Tuning magnetic properties in layered van der Waals (vdW) materials has captured significant attention due to the efficient control of ground states by heterostructuring and external stimuli. Electron doping by electrostatic gating, interfacial charge transfer, and intercalation is particularly effective in manipulating the exchange and spin-orbit properties, resulting in a control of Curie temperature (TC) and magnetic anisotropy. Here, an uncharted role of intercalation is discovered to generate magnetic frustration. As a model study, Na atoms are intercalated into the vdW gaps of pristine Cr2Ge2Te6 (CGT) where generated magnetic frustration leads to emerging spin-glass states coexisting with a ferromagnetic order. A series of dynamic magnetic susceptibility measurements/analysis confirms the formation of magnetic clusters representing slow dynamics with a distribution of relaxation times. The intercalation also modifies other macroscopic physical parameters including the significant enhancement of TC from 66 to 240 K and the switching of magnetic easy-hard axis direction. This study identifies intercalation as a unique route to generate emerging frustrated spin states in simple vdW crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safe Khan
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Eva S Y Aw
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | | | - Aakanksha Sud
- RIEC, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-0812, Japan
- FRIS, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Sukanya Ghosh
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
| | - Mohammed K B Subhan
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Zekun Xue
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Charlie Freeman
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Dimitrios Sagkovits
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Araceli Gutiérrez-Llorente
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
- Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, 28933, Spain
| | - Ivan Verzhbitskiy
- Physics Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | - Daan M Arroo
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Goki Eda
- Physics Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117542, Singapore
| | - Elton J G Santos
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
- Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
- Donostia International Physics Center, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Sian E Dutton
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Steven T Bramwell
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Chris A Howard
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Hidekazu Kurebayashi
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
- WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
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2
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Ortiz Jimenez V, Pham YTH, Zhou D, Liu M, Nugera FA, Kalappattil V, Eggers T, Hoang K, Duong DL, Terrones M, Rodriguez Gutiérrez H, Phan M. Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Making Atomic-Level Magnetism Tunable with Light at Room Temperature. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304792. [PMID: 38072638 PMCID: PMC10870067 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The capacity to manipulate magnetization in 2D dilute magnetic semiconductors (2D-DMSs) using light, specifically in magnetically doped transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers (M-doped TX2 , where M = V, Fe, and Cr; T = W, Mo; X = S, Se, and Te), may lead to innovative applications in spintronics, spin-caloritronics, valleytronics, and quantum computation. This Perspective paper explores the mediation of magnetization by light under ambient conditions in 2D-TMD DMSs and heterostructures. By combining magneto-LC resonance (MLCR) experiments with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we show that the magnetization can be enhanced using light in V-doped TMD monolayers (e.g., V-WS2 , V-WSe2 ). This phenomenon is attributed to excess holes in the conduction and valence bands, and carriers trapped in magnetic doping states, mediating the magnetization of the semiconducting layer. In 2D-TMD heterostructures (VSe2 /WS2 , VSe2 /MoS2 ), the significance of proximity, charge-transfer, and confinement effects in amplifying light-mediated magnetism is demonstrated. We attributed this to photon absorption at the TMD layer that generates electron-hole pairs mediating the magnetization of the heterostructure. These findings will encourage further research in the field of 2D magnetism and establish a novel design of 2D-TMDs and heterostructures with optically tunable magnetic functionalities, paving the way for next-generation magneto-optic nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Ortiz Jimenez
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL33620USA
- Nanoscale Device Characterization DivisionNational Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD20899USA
| | | | - Da Zhou
- Department of PhysicsThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Mingzu Liu
- Department of PhysicsThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | | | | | - Tatiana Eggers
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL33620USA
| | - Khang Hoang
- Center for Computationally Assisted Science and Technology and Department of PhysicsNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoND58108USA
| | - Dinh Loc Duong
- Department of PhysicsMontana State UniversityBozemanMT59717USA
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of PhysicsThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | | | - Manh‐Huong Phan
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL33620USA
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3
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Ettori F, Coupé T, Sluckin TJ, Puppin E, Biscari P. Dynamic Phase Transition in 2D Ising Systems: Effect of Anisotropy and Defects. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 26:120. [PMID: 38392375 PMCID: PMC10888001 DOI: 10.3390/e26020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the dynamic phase transition in two-dimensional Ising models whose equilibrium characteristics are influenced by either anisotropic interactions or quenched defects. The presence of anisotropy reduces the dynamical critical temperature, leading to the expected result that the critical temperature approaches zero in the full-anisotropy limit. We show that a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic behavior of systems with quenched defects requires a generalized definition of the dynamic order parameter. By doing so, we demonstrate that the inclusion of quenched defects lowers the dynamic critical temperature as well, with a linear trend across the range of defect fractions considered. We also explore if and how it is possible to predict the dynamic behavior of specific magnetic systems with quenched randomness. Various geometric quantities, such as a defect potential index, the defect dipole moment, and the properties of the defect Delaunay triangulation, prove useful for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ettori
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Thibaud Coupé
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Timothy J Sluckin
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ezio Puppin
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Biscari
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Han SY, Telford EJ, Kundu AK, Bintrim SJ, Turkel S, Wiscons RA, Zangiabadi A, Choi ES, Li TD, Steigerwald ML, Berkelbach TC, Pasupathy AN, Dean CR, Nuckolls C, Roy X. Interplay between Local Moment and Itinerant Magnetism in the Layered Metallic Antiferromagnet TaFe 1.14Te 3. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10449-10457. [PMID: 37934894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional antiferromagnets have garnered considerable interest for the next generation of functional spintronics. However, many bulk materials from which two-dimensional antiferromagnets are isolated are limited by their air sensitivity, low ordering temperatures, and insulating transport properties. TaFe1+yTe3 aims to address these challenges with increased air stability, metallic transport, and robust antiferromagnetism. Here, we synthesize TaFe1+yTe3 (y = 0.14), identify its structural, magnetic, and electronic properties, and elucidate the relationships between them. Axial-dependent high-field magnetization measurements on TaFe1.14Te3 reveal saturation magnetic fields ranging between 27 and 30 T with saturation magnetic moments of 2.05-2.12 μB. Magnetotransport measurements confirm that TaFe1.14Te3 is metallic with strong coupling between magnetic order and electronic transport. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements across the magnetic transition uncover a complex interplay between itinerant electrons and local magnetic moments that drives the magnetic transition. We demonstrate the ability to isolate few-layer sheets of TaFe1.14Te3, establishing TaFe1.14Te3 as a potential platform for two-dimensional spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Young Han
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Evan J Telford
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Asish K Kundu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, PO Box 5000, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Sylvia J Bintrim
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Simon Turkel
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Ren A Wiscons
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Amirali Zangiabadi
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Eun-Sang Choi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Tai-De Li
- Nanoscience Initiative at Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Michael L Steigerwald
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Timothy C Berkelbach
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Abhay N Pasupathy
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, PO Box 5000, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Cory R Dean
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xavier Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
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5
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Galluzzi A, Buchkov K, Blagoev BS, Paskaleva A, Avramova I, Mehandhziev V, Tzvetkov P, Terziyska P, Kovacheva D, Polichetti M. Strong Magneto-Optical Kerr Effects in Ni-Doped ZnO Nanolaminate Structures Obtained by Atomic Layer Deposition. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6547. [PMID: 37834684 PMCID: PMC10574388 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The magneto-optical (MO) Kerr effects for ZnO and ZnO:Ni-doped nanolaminate structures prepared using atomic layer deposition (ALD) have been investigated. The chemical composition and corresponding structural and morphological properties were studied using XRD and XPS and compared for both nanostructures. The 2D array gradient maps of microscale variations of the Kerr angle polarization rotation were acquired by means of MO Kerr microscopy. The obtained data revealed complex behavior and broad statistical dispersion and showed distinct qualitative and quantitative differences between the undoped ZnO and ZnO:Ni-doped nanolaminates. The detected magneto-optical response is extensively inhomogeneous in ZnO:Ni films, and a giant Kerr polarization rotation angle reaching up to ~2° was established. This marks the prospects for further development of magneto-optical effects in ALD ZnO modified by transition metal oxide nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Galluzzi
- Department of Physics ‘E.R. Caianiello’, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy; (A.G.); (M.P.)
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Krastyo Buchkov
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria; (B.S.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Blagoy S. Blagoev
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria; (B.S.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Albena Paskaleva
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria; (B.S.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Ivalina Avramova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 10, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.A.); (P.T.); (D.K.)
| | - Vladimir Mehandhziev
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria; (B.S.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Peter Tzvetkov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 10, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.A.); (P.T.); (D.K.)
| | - Penka Terziyska
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria; (B.S.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Daniela Kovacheva
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 10, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.A.); (P.T.); (D.K.)
| | - Massimiliano Polichetti
- Department of Physics ‘E.R. Caianiello’, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy; (A.G.); (M.P.)
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
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6
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Qi Y, Sadi MA, Hu D, Zheng M, Wu Z, Jiang Y, Chen YP. Recent Progress in Strain Engineering on Van der Waals 2D Materials: Tunable Electrical, Electrochemical, Magnetic, and Optical Properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2205714. [PMID: 35950446 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Strain engineering is a promising way to tune the electrical, electrochemical, magnetic, and optical properties of 2D materials, with the potential to achieve high-performance 2D-material-based devices ultimately. This review discusses the experimental and theoretical results from recent advances in the strain engineering of 2D materials. Some novel methods to induce strain are summarized and then the tunable electrical and optical/optoelectronic properties of 2D materials via strain engineering are highlighted, including particularly the previously less-discussed strain tuning of superconducting, magnetic, and electrochemical properties. Also, future perspectives of strain engineering are given for its potential applications in functional devices. The state of the survey presents the ever-increasing advantages and popularity of strain engineering for tuning properties of 2D materials. Suggestions and insights for further research and applications in optical, electronic, and spintronic devices are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Qi
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Av. Wai Long, Macao SAR, China
| | - Mohammad A Sadi
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Av. Wai Long, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Zhenping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications & School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China
| | - Yucheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yong P Chen
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Av. Wai Long, Macao SAR, China
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Birck Nanotechnology Center and Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy and Villum Center for Hybrid Quantum Materials and Devices, Aarhus University, Aarhus-C, 8000, Denmark
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7
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Xu H, Ding B, Xu Y, Huang Z, Wei D, Chen S, Lan T, Pan Y, Cheng HM, Liu B. Magnetically tunable and stable deep-ultraviolet birefringent optics using two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:1091-1096. [PMID: 35953540 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Birefringence is a fundamental optical property that can induce phase retardation of polarized light. Tuning the birefringence of liquid crystals is a core technology for light manipulation in current applications in the visible and infrared spectral regions. Due to the strong absorption or instability of conventional liquid crystals in deep-ultraviolet light, tunable birefringence remains elusive in this region, notwithstanding its significance in diverse applications. Here we show a stable and birefringence-tunable deep-ultraviolet modulator based on two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride. It has an extremely large optical anisotropy factor of 6.5 × 10-12 C2 J-1 m-1 that gives rise to a specific magneto-optical Cotton-Mouton coefficient of 8.0 × 106 T-2 m-1, which is about five orders of magnitude higher than other potential deep-ultraviolet-transparent media. The large coefficient, high stability (retention rate of 99.7% after 270 cycles) and wide bandgap of boron nitride collectively enable the fabrication of stable deep-ultraviolet modulators with magnetically tunable birefringence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality/Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Youan Xu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziyang Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dahai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianshu Lan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yikun Pan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality/Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
- Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
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8
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A 2D material-based liquid crystal for deep-ultraviolet light modulation. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:1050-1051. [PMID: 35974176 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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9
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Lethole N, Ngoepe P, Chauke H. Compositional Dependence of Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy, Magnetic Moments, and Energetic and Electronic Properties on Fe-Pt Alloys. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5679. [PMID: 36013820 PMCID: PMC9415600 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work reported the first-principles calculations for the compositional dependence of the energetic, electronic, and magnetic properties of the bimetallic Fe-Pt alloys at ambient conditions. These hybrid alloys have gained substantial attention for their potential industrial applications, due to their outstanding magnetic and structural properties. They possess high magnetocrystalline anisotropy, density, and coercivity. Four Fe-Pt alloys, distinguished by compositions and space groups, were considered in this study, namely P4/mmm-FePt, I4/mmm-Fe3Pt, Pm-3m-Fe3Pt, and Pm-3m-FePt3. The calculated heats of formation energies were negative for all Fe-Pt alloys, demonstrating their stability and experimentally higher formation probability. The P4/mmm-FePt alloy had the lowest magnetic moment, leading to durable magnetic hardness, which made this alloy the most suitable for permanent efficient magnets, and magnetic recording media applications. Moreover, it possessed a relatively large magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy value of 2.966 meV between the in-plane [100] and easy axis [001], suggesting an inside the plane isotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndanduleni Lethole
- Department of Physics, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Phuti Ngoepe
- Materials Modelling Centre, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Hasani Chauke
- Materials Modelling Centre, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
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10
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Magneto-optical Kerr effect in surface engineered 2D hexagonal boron nitride. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10919. [PMID: 35764686 PMCID: PMC9240090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetism in atomically thin functional materials can be an important phenomenon for exploring two-dimensional magneto-optics. Magneto-optical experimental data have revealed significant Kerr signals in insulator thin films. Here, the magneto-optical Kerr effect of oxygen functionalized and doped hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been investigated by performing first-principles calculations. We calculated Kerr angle and Kerr ellipticity for functionalized hBN as an attention-drawn material. Moreover, increasing of oxygen doping percentage leads to the introduction of surface plasmon to hBN. Our findings show that the functionalized hBN can tolerate high-temperature conditions, keeping oxygen atoms bridge-bonded. These giant opto/magnetic responses of insulating 2D materials provide a platform for the potential designing of magneto-optical devices.
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11
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Nelson Z, Delage-Laurin L, Swager TM. ABCs of Faraday Rotation in Organic Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11912-11926. [PMID: 35762922 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Faraday rotation is a magneto-optical effect central to a number of commercial technologies including optical isolation and magneto-optical imaging. Today, the performance needs of these technologies are met by inorganic materials containing paramagnetic heavy elements. However, organic thin films are increasingly being evaluated as replacement materials, promising higher magneto-optical performance and facile fabrication of structures that enable expanded applications. Despite being an object of research for more than 175 years, our understanding of the Faraday effect in solid-state organic materials remains incomplete, hindering our attempts to methodically improve magneto-optical performance. This Perspective aims to place several recent advances in the field of thin-film organic Faraday rotators within the well-established theoretical framework developed by solution-state magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopists: the Faraday A, B, and C terms. Through careful consideration of these quantum mechanical mechanisms in example molecules, an intuitive understanding of the impact of chemical structure in thin-film Faraday rotators can be achieved, including the critical roles of molecular symmetry, rigidity, absorptivity, and magnetism. Future work seeking to maximize the magneto-optical performance of organic thin films may more readily evaluate candidate chromophores based on the Faraday A, B, and C term framework presented herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Léo Delage-Laurin
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Huang Z, Lan T, Dai L, Zhao X, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Li B, Li J, Liu J, Ding B, Geim AK, Cheng HM, Liu B. 2D Functional Minerals as Sustainable Materials for Magneto-Optics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110464. [PMID: 35084782 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystal devices using organic molecules are nowadays widely used to modulate transmitted light, but this technology still suffers from relatively weak response, high cost, toxicity and environmental concerns, and cannot fully meet the demand of future sustainable society. Here, an alternative approach to color-tunable optical devices, which is based on sustainable inorganic liquid crystals derived from 2D mineral materials abundant in nature, is described. The prototypical 2D mineral of vermiculite is massively produced by a green method, possessing size-to-thickness aspect ratios of >103 , in-plane magnetization of >10 emu g-1 , and an optical bandgap of >3 eV. These characteristics endow 2D vermiculite with sensitive magneto-birefringence response, been several orders of magnitude larger than organic counterparts, as well as capability of broad-spectrum modulation. The finding consequently permits the fabrication of various magnetochromic or mechanochromic devices with low or even zero-energy consumption during operation. This work creates opportunities for the application of sustainable materials in advanced optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Tianshu Lan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Dai
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xueting Zhao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyue Wang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zehao Zhang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jingao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Andre K Geim
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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13
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A 2D material-based transparent hydrogel with engineerable interference colours. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1212. [PMID: 35260559 PMCID: PMC8904793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transparent hydrogels are key materials for many applications, such as contact lens, imperceptible soft robotics and invisible wearable devices. Introducing large and engineerable optical anisotropy offers great prospect for endowing them with extra birefringence-based functions and exploiting their applications in see-through flexible polarization optics. However, existing transparent hydrogels suffer from limitation of low and/or non-fine engineerable birefringence. Here, we invent a transparent magneto-birefringence hydrogel with large and finely engineerable optical anisotropy. The large optical anisotropy factor of the embedded magnetic two-dimensional material gives rise to the large magneto-birefringence of the hydrogel in the transparent condition of ultra-low concentration, which is several orders of magnitude larger than usual transparent magnetic hydrogels. High transparency, large and tunable optical anisotropy cooperatively permit the magnetic patterning of interference colours in the hydrogel. The hydrogel also shows mechanochromic and thermochromic property. Our finding provides an entry point for applying hydrogel in optical anisotropy and colour centred fields, with several proof-of-concept applications been demonstrated. Though transparent hydrogels with tunable optical anisotropy are attractive for soft robotics, wearable devices and optical applications, achieving large birefringence has been a challenge. Here, the authors report a transparent hydrogel with large, uniform and magnetically tunable birefringence.
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Kumar TSJ, Arumugam M. Optical Properties of Magnetic Nanoalloys and Nanocomposites. HANDBOOK OF MAGNETIC HYBRID NANOALLOYS AND THEIR NANOCOMPOSITES 2022:547-573. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-90948-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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15
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Kumar TSJ, Arumugam M. Optical Properties of Magnetic Nanoalloys and Nanocomposites. HANDBOOK OF MAGNETIC HYBRID NANOALLOYS AND THEIR NANOCOMPOSITES 2022:1-27. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34007-0_18-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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16
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Yin T, Ulman KA, Liu S, Granados Del Águila A, Huang Y, Zhang L, Serra M, Sedmidubsky D, Sofer Z, Quek SY, Xiong Q. Chiral Phonons and Giant Magneto-Optical Effect in CrBr 3 2D Magnet. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2101618. [PMID: 34302389 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phonons with chirality determine the optical helicity of inelastic light scattering processes due to their nonzero angular momentum. Here it is shown that 2D magnetic CrBr3 hosts chiral phonons at the Brillouin-zone center. These chiral phonons are linear combinations of the doubly-degenerate Eg phonons, and the phonon eigenmodes exhibit clockwise and counterclockwise rotational vibrations corresponding to angular momenta of l = ± 1. Such Eg chiral phonons completely switch the polarization of incident circularly polarized light. On the other hand, the non-degenerate non-chiral Ag phonons display a giant magneto-optical effect under an external out-of-plane magnetic field, rotating the plane of polarization of the scattered linearly polarized light. The corresponding degree of polarization of the scattered light changes from 91% to -68% as the magnetic field strength increases from 0 to 5 T. In contrast, the chiral Eg modes display no field dependence. The results lay a foundation for the study of phonon chirality and magneto-optical phenomena in 2D magnetic materials, as well as their related applications, such as the phonon Hall effect, topological photonics, and Raman lasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yin
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Kanchan Ajit Ulman
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Sheng Liu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Andrés Granados Del Águila
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Lifa Zhang
- NNU-SULI Thermal Energy Research Center and Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy Science, School of Physics and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Marco Serra
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, Prague, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - David Sedmidubsky
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, Prague, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Sofer
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, Prague, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Su Ying Quek
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Qihua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chips, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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