1
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Lau AZ, Chen AP, Cunningham CH. Cardiac metabolic imaging using hyperpolarized [1- 13 C]lactate as a substrate. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4532. [PMID: 33963784 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) [1-13 C]lactate is an attractive alternative to [1-13 C]pyruvate as a substrate to investigate cardiac metabolism in vivo: it can be administered safely at a higher dose and can be polarized to a degree similar to pyruvate via dynamic nuclear polarization. While 13 C cardiac experiments using HP lactate have been performed in small animal models, they have not been demonstrated in large animal models or humans. Utilizing the same hardware and data acquisition methods as the first human HP 13 C cardiac study, 13 C metabolic images were acquired following injections of HP [1-13 C]lactate in porcine hearts. Data were also acquired using HP [1-13 C]pyruvate for comparison. The 13 C bicarbonate signal was localized to the myocardium and had a similar appearance with both substrates for all animals. No 13 C pyruvate signal was detected in the experiments following injection of HP 13 C lactate. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of injected lactate was 88 ± 4% of the SNR of injected pyruvate, and the SNR of bicarbonate in the experiments using lactate as the substrate was 52 ± 19% of the SNR in the experiments using pyruvate as the substrate. The lower SNR was likely due to the shorter T1 of [1-13 C]lactate as compared with [1-13 C]pyruvate and the additional enzyme-catalyzed metabolic conversion step before the 13 C nuclei from [1-13 C]lactate were detected as 13 C bicarbonate. While challenges remain, the potential of HP lactate as a substrate for clinical metabolic imaging of human heart has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Z Lau
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Charles H Cunningham
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Macdonald EB, Begovatz P, Barton GP, Erickson-Bhatt S, Inman DR, Cox BL, Eliceiri KW, Strigel RM, Ponik SM, Fain SB. Hyperpolarized 13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging of Pyruvate Metabolism in Murine Breast Cancer Models of Different Metastatic Potential. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050274. [PMID: 33925445 PMCID: PMC8145849 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study uses dynamic hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) to estimate differences in glycolytic metabolism between highly metastatic (4T1, n = 7) and metastatically dormant (4T07, n = 7) murine breast cancer models. The apparent conversion rate of pyruvate-to-lactate (kPL) and lactate-to-pyruvate area-under-the-curve ratio (AUCL/P) were estimated from the metabolite images and compared with biochemical metabolic measures and immunohistochemistry (IHC). A non-significant trend of increasing kPL (p = 0.17) and AUCL/P (p = 0.11) from 4T07 to 4T1 tumors was observed. No significant differences in tumor IHC lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA), monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT1), cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), and hypoxia inducible factor-α (HIF-1α), tumor lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, or blood lactate or glucose levels were found between the two tumor lines. However, AUCL/P was significantly correlated with tumor LDH activity (ρspearman = 0.621, p = 0.027) and blood glucose levels (ρspearman = −0.474, p = 0.042). kPL displayed a similar, non-significant trend for LDH activity (ρspearman = 0.480, p = 0.114) and blood glucose levels (ρspearman = −0.414, p = 0.088). Neither kPL nor AUCL/P were significantly correlated with blood lactate levels or tumor LDHA or MCT1. The significant positive correlation between AUCL/P and tumor LDH activity indicates the potential of AUCL/P as a biomarker of glycolytic metabolism in breast cancer models. However, the lack of a significant difference between in vivo tumor metabolism for the two models suggest similar pyruvate-to-lactate conversion despite differing metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin B. Macdonald
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (E.B.M.); (P.B.); (G.P.B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Paul Begovatz
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (E.B.M.); (P.B.); (G.P.B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Gregory P. Barton
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (E.B.M.); (P.B.); (G.P.B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Sarah Erickson-Bhatt
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard St., Madison, WI 53715, USA;
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (D.R.I.); (S.M.P.)
| | - David R. Inman
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (D.R.I.); (S.M.P.)
| | - Benjamin L. Cox
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (E.B.M.); (P.B.); (G.P.B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.); (R.M.S.)
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard St., Madison, WI 53715, USA;
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kevin W. Eliceiri
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (E.B.M.); (P.B.); (G.P.B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.); (R.M.S.)
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard St., Madison, WI 53715, USA;
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Roberta M. Strigel
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (E.B.M.); (P.B.); (G.P.B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.); (R.M.S.)
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Suzanne M. Ponik
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (D.R.I.); (S.M.P.)
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Sean B. Fain
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (E.B.M.); (P.B.); (G.P.B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.); (R.M.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53792, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-608-263-0090
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3
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Lee CY, Lau JYC, Geraghty BJ, Chen AP, Gu YP, Cunningham CH. Correlation of hyperpolarized 13 C-MRI data with tissue extract measurements. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4269. [PMID: 32133713 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) 13C MRI provides the means to monitor lactate metabolism noninvasively in tumours. Since 13C -lactate signal levels obtained from HP 13C imaging depend on multiple factors, such as the rate of 13C substrate delivery via the vasculature, the expression level of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and the local lactate pool size, the interpretation of HP 13C metabolic images remains challenging. In this study, ex vivo tissue extract measurements (i.e., NMR isotopomer analysis, western blot analysis) derived from an MDA-MB-231 xenograft model in nude rats were used to test for correlations between the in vivo 13C data and the ex vivo measures. The lactate-to-pyruvate ratio from HP 13C MRI was strongly correlated with [1- 13C ]lactate concentration measured from the extracts using NMR (R = 0.69, p < 0.05), as well as negatively correlated with tumour wet weight (R = - 0.60, p < 0.05). In this tumour model, both MCT1 and MCT4 expressions were positively correlated with wet weight ( ρ = 0.78 and 0.93, respectively, p < 0.01). Lactate pool size and the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio were not significantly correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Y Lee
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin Y C Lau
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin J Geraghty
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Yi-Ping Gu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles H Cunningham
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Topping GJ, Hundshammer C, Nagel L, Grashei M, Aigner M, Skinner JG, Schulte RF, Schilling F. Acquisition strategies for spatially resolved magnetic resonance detection of hyperpolarized nuclei. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 33:221-256. [PMID: 31811491 PMCID: PMC7109201 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00807-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization is an emerging method in magnetic resonance imaging that allows nuclear spin polarization of gases or liquids to be temporarily enhanced by up to five or six orders of magnitude at clinically relevant field strengths and administered at high concentration to a subject at the time of measurement. This transient gain in signal has enabled the non-invasive detection and imaging of gas ventilation and diffusion in the lungs, perfusion in blood vessels and tissues, and metabolic conversion in cells, animals, and patients. The rapid development of this method is based on advances in polarizer technology, the availability of suitable probe isotopes and molecules, improved MRI hardware and pulse sequence development. Acquisition strategies for hyperpolarized nuclei are not yet standardized and are set up individually at most sites depending on the specific requirements of the probe, the object of interest, and the MRI hardware. This review provides a detailed introduction to spatially resolved detection of hyperpolarized nuclei and summarizes novel and previously established acquisition strategies for different key areas of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey J Topping
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hundshammer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Luca Nagel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Grashei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Aigner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jason G Skinner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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5
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Pedersen M, Ursprung S, Jensen JD, Jespersen B, Gallagher F, Laustsen C. Hyperpolarised 13C-MRI metabolic and functional imaging: an emerging renal MR diagnostic modality. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 33:23-32. [PMID: 31782036 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a well-established modality for assessing renal morphology and function, as well as changes that occur during disease. However, the significant metabolic changes associated with renal disease are more challenging to assess with MRI. Hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI is an emerging technique which provides an opportunity to probe metabolic alterations at high sensitivity by providing an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio of 20,000-fold or more. This review will highlight the current status of hyperpolarised 13C-MRI and its translation into the clinic and how it compares to metabolic measurements provided by competing technologies such as positron emission tomography (PET).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan Ursprung
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jens Dam Jensen
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bente Jespersen
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ferdia Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
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6
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Ntziachristos V, Pleitez MA, Aime S, Brindle KM. Emerging Technologies to Image Tissue Metabolism. Cell Metab 2019; 29:518-538. [PMID: 30269982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Due to the implication of altered metabolism in a large spectrum of tissue function and disease, assessment of metabolic processes becomes essential in managing health. In this regard, imaging can play a critical role in allowing observation of biochemical and physiological processes. Nuclear imaging methods, in particular positron emission tomography, have been widely employed for imaging metabolism but are mainly limited by the use of ionizing radiation and the sensing of only one parameter at each scanning session. Observations in healthy individuals or longitudinal studies of disease could markedly benefit from non-ionizing, multi-parameter imaging methods. We therefore focus this review on progress with the non-ionizing radiation methods of MRI, hyperpolarized magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemical exchange saturation transfer, and emerging optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging. We also briefly discuss the role of nuclear and optical imaging methods for research and clinical protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Chair of Biological Imaging, TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany.
| | - Miguel A Pleitez
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Chair of Biological Imaging, TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Silvio Aime
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Old Addenbrooke's Site, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
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7
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Walker CM, Fuentes D, Larson PEZ, Kundra V, Vigneron DB, Bankson JA. Effects of excitation angle strategy on quantitative analysis of hyperpolarized pyruvate. Magn Reson Med 2019; 81:3754-3762. [PMID: 30793791 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Various excitation strategies have been proposed for dynamic imaging of hyperpolarized agents such as [1-13 C]-pyruvate, but the impact of these strategies on quantitative evaluation of signal evolution remains unclear. To better understand their relative performance, we compared the accuracy and repeatability of measurements made using variable excitation angle strategies and conventional constant excitation angle strategies. METHODS Signal evolution for constant and variable excitation angle schedules was simulated using a pharmacokinetic model of hyperpolarized pyruvate with 2 chemical pools and 2 physical compartments. Noisy synthetic data were then fit using the same pharmacokinetic model with the apparent chemical exchange term as an unknown, and fit results were compared with simulation parameters to determine accuracy and reproducibility. RESULTS Constant excitations and a variable excitation strategy that maximizes the HP lactate signal yielded data that supported quantitative analyses with similar accuracy and repeatability. Variable excitation angle strategies that were designed to produce a constant signal level resulted in lower signal and worse quantitative accuracy and repeatability, particularly for longer acquisition times. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that either constant excitation angle or variable excitation angles that attempt to maximize total signal, as opposed to maintaining a constant signal level, are preferred for metabolic quantification using hyperpolarized pyruvate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Walker
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David Fuentes
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Vikas Kundra
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel B Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - James A Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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8
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Choi YS, Kang S, Ko SY, Lee S, Kim JY, Lee H, Song JE, Kim DH, Kim E, Kim CH, Saksida L, Song HT, Lee JE. Hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate MR spectroscopy detect altered glycolysis in the brain of a cognitively impaired mouse model fed high-fat diet. Mol Brain 2018; 11:74. [PMID: 30563553 PMCID: PMC6299662 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-018-0415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher dietary intakes of saturated fatty acid increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, and even in people without diabetes higher glucose levels may be a risk factor for dementia. The mechanisms causing neuronal dysfunction and dementia by consuming high-fat diet degrading the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has been suggested but are not yet fully understood, and metabolic state of the brain by this type of insult is still veiled. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diet on the brain metabolism by a multimodal imaging method using the hyperpolarizedcarbon 13 (13C)-pyruvate magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging in conjunction with the biochemical assay and the behavior test in a mouse model fed high-fat diet (HFD). In mice were fed 60% HFD for 6 months, hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate MR spectroscopy showed decreased perfusion (p < 0.01) and increased conversion from pyruvate to lactate (p < 0.001) in the brain. The hippocampus and striatum showed the highest conversion ratio. The functional integrity of the blood-brain barrier tested by dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging showed no difference to the control. Lactate was increased in the cortex (p < 0.01) and striatum (p < 0.05), while PDH activity was decreased in the cortex (p < 0.01) and striatum (p < 0.001) and the phosphorylated PDH was increased in the striatum (p < 0.05). Mice fed HFD showed less efficiency in learning memory compared with control (p < 0.05). To determine whether hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy could detect a much earier event in the brain. Mice fed HFD for 3 months did not show a detectable cognitive decline in water maze based learning memory. Hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate MR spectroscopy showed increased lactate conversion (P < .001), but no difference in cerebral perfusion. These results suggest that the increased hyperpolarized [1-13C] lactate signal in the brain of HFD-fed mice represent that altered metabolic alteration toward to glycolysis and hypoperfusion by the long-term metabolic stress by HFD further promote to glycolysis. The hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate MR spectroscopy can be used to monitor the brain metabolism and will provide information helpful to understand the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Suk Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Somang Kang
- Department of Anatomy, BK21 Project for Medical Science and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Ko
- Department of Anatomy, BK21 Project for Medical Science and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Saeram Lee
- Department of Anatomy, BK21 Project for Medical Science and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of Anatomy, BK21 Project for Medical Science and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Lee
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jae Eun Song
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Eosu Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Lisa Saksida
- Department of Psychology and MRC/Wellcome Trust Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK.,Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute & Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,The Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ho-Taek Song
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, BK21 Project for Medical Science and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Lau JYC, Geraghty BJ, Chen AP, Cunningham CH. Improved tolerance to off-resonance in spectral-spatial EPI of hyperpolarized [1- 13 C]pyruvate and metabolites. Magn Reson Med 2018; 80:925-934. [PMID: 29380423 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Y C Lau
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin J Geraghty
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Charles H Cunningham
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Zhuo Y, Cordeiro CD, Hekmatyar SK, Docampo R, Prestegard JH. Dynamic nuclear polarization facilitates monitoring of pyruvate metabolism in Trypanosoma brucei. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:18161-18168. [PMID: 28887303 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.807495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization provides sensitivity improvements that make NMR a viable method for following metabolic conversions in real time. There are now many in vivo applications to animal systems and even to diagnosis of human disease. However, application to microbial systems is rare. Here we demonstrate its application to the pathogenic protozoan, Trypanosoma brucei, using hyperpolarized 13C1 pyruvate as a substrate and compare the parasite metabolism with that of commonly cultured mammalian cell lines, HEK-293 and Hep-G2. Metabolic differences between insect and bloodstream forms of T. brucei were also investigated. Significant differences are noted with respect to lactate, alanine, and CO2 production. Conversion of pyruvate to CO2 in the T. brucei bloodstream form provides new support for the presence of an active pyruvate dehydrogenase in this stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhuo
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center
| | - Ciro D Cordeiro
- the Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, and.,the Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | | | - Roberto Docampo
- the Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, and.,the Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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11
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Cho A, Lau JYC, Geraghty BJ, Cunningham CH, Keshari KR. Noninvasive Interrogation of Cancer Metabolism with Hyperpolarized 13C MRI. J Nucl Med 2017; 58:1201-1206. [PMID: 28596156 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.182170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review will highlight recent advances in hyperpolarized 13C MR spectroscopic imaging, which can be used to noninvasively interrogate tumor metabolism. After providing an overview of MR and hyperpolarization, we will discuss the latest advances in data acquisition techniques. Next, we will shift our focus to hyperpolarized probe design and provide an overview of the latest hyperpolarized 13C MR spectroscopic imaging probes developed in the last several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Cho
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Justin Y C Lau
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin J Geraghty
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles H Cunningham
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York .,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Geraghty BJ, Lau JYC, Chen AP, Cunningham CH. Dual-Echo EPI sequence for integrated distortion correction in 3D time-resolved hyperpolarized 13 C MRI. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:643-653. [PMID: 28394085 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide built-in off-resonance correction in time-resolved, volumetric hyperpolarized 13 C metabolic imaging by implementing a novel dual-echo 3D echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence and reconstruction. METHODS A spectral-spatial pulse for single-resonance excitation followed by a dual-echo 3D EPI readout was implemented to provide 64 × 8 × 6 cm3 coverage at 5 × 5 × 5 mm3 nominal resolution. Multiple sources of EPI distortions were encoded using a multi-echo 1 H EPI reference scan. Phase maps computed from the reference scans were combined with a bulk 13 C frequency offset encoded in the dual-echo [1-13 C]pyruvate images to correct geometric distortion and improve spatial registration. The proposed scheme was validated in a phantom study, and in vivo [1-13 C]pyruvate and [1-13 C]lactate rat images were acquired with intentional transmit frequency deviations to assess the dual-echo 3D EPI sequence. RESULTS The phantom study demonstrated improved spatial registration in off-resonance corrected images. Close agreement was observed between metabolic kidney signal and the underlying anatomy in rat imaging experiments. Relative to a single-echo acquisition, the coherent addition of the two corrected echoes provided the expected increase in signal-to-noise ratio by approximately 2. CONCLUSION A novel dual-echo 3D EPI acquisition sequence for integrated off-resonance correction in hyperpolarized 13 C imaging was developed and demonstrated. The proposed sequence offers clear advantages over flyback EPI for time-resolved metabolic mapping. Magn Reson Med 79:643-653, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Geraghty
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin Y C Lau
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Charles H Cunningham
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Adamson EB, Ludwig KD, Mummy DG, Fain SB. Magnetic resonance imaging with hyperpolarized agents: methods and applications. Phys Med Biol 2017; 62:R81-R123. [PMID: 28384123 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa6be8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, hyperpolarized (HP) contrast agents have been under active development for MRI applications to address the twin challenges of functional and quantitative imaging. Both HP helium (3He) and xenon (129Xe) gases have reached the stage where they are under study in clinical research. HP 129Xe, in particular, is poised for larger scale clinical research to investigate asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and fibrotic lung diseases. With advances in polarizer technology and unique capabilities for imaging of 129Xe gas exchange into lung tissue and blood, HP 129Xe MRI is attracting new attention. In parallel, HP 13C and 15N MRI methods have steadily advanced in a wide range of pre-clinical research applications for imaging metabolism in various cancers and cardiac disease. The HP [1-13C] pyruvate MRI technique, in particular, has undergone phase I trials in prostate cancer and is poised for investigational new drug trials at multiple institutions in cancer and cardiac applications. This review treats the methodology behind both HP gases and HP 13C and 15N liquid state agents. Gas and liquid phase HP agents share similar technologies for achieving non-equilibrium polarization outside the field of the MRI scanner, strategies for image data acquisition, and translational challenges in moving from pre-clinical to clinical research. To cover the wide array of methods and applications, this review is organized by numerical section into (1) a brief introduction, (2) the physical and biological properties of the most common polarized agents with a brief summary of applications and methods of polarization, (3) methods for image acquisition and reconstruction specific to improving data acquisition efficiency for HP MRI, (4) the main physical properties that enable unique measures of physiology or metabolic pathways, followed by a more detailed review of the literature describing the use of HP agents to study: (5) metabolic pathways in cancer and cardiac disease and (6) lung function in both pre-clinical and clinical research studies, concluding with (7) some future directions and challenges, and (8) an overall summary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin B Adamson
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
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Imaging oxygen metabolism with hyperpolarized magnetic resonance: a novel approach for the examination of cardiac and renal function. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160186. [PMID: 27899435 PMCID: PMC5270319 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Every tissue in the body critically depends on meeting its energetic demands with sufficient oxygen supply. Oxygen supply/demand imbalances underlie the diseases that inflict the greatest socio-economic burden globally. The purpose of this review is to examine how hyperpolarized contrast media, used in combination with MR data acquisition methods, may advance our ability to assess oxygen metabolism non-invasively and thus improve management of clinical disease. We first introduce the concept of hyperpolarization and how hyperpolarized contrast media have been practically implemented to achieve translational and clinical research. We will then analyse how incorporating hyperpolarized contrast media could enable realization of unmet technical needs in clinical practice. We will focus on imaging cardiac and renal oxygen metabolism, as both organs have unique physiological demands to satisfy their requirements for tissue oxygenation, their dysfunction plays a fundamental role in society’s most prevalent diseases, and each organ presents unique imaging challenges. It is our aim that this review attracts a multi-disciplinary audience and sparks collaborations that utilize an exciting, emergent technology to advance our ability to treat patients adversely affected by an oxygen supply/demand mismatch.
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