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Flores J, Brake CA, Hood CO, Badour CL. Posttraumatic stress and risky sex in trauma-exposed college students: the role of personality dispositions toward impulsive behavior. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:1711-1723. [PMID: 33048640 PMCID: PMC8086839 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1819289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been linked to risky sexual behavior (RSB). However, little is known regarding the role of impulsivity in this relation among college students. Participants: The present study examined the moderating role of impulsivity dispositions on the relation between PTSD symptoms and past-year RSB in a sample of 221 trauma-exposed undergraduate students (77.4% female). Results: Two separate negative binomial regression models examined each impulsivity disposition's unique moderating effect on the association between PTSD symptoms and high risk/casual sex. In the high risk model, significant interactions were found for the urgency dispositions, (lack of) premeditation and (lack of) perseverance, though the pattern of these relations differed across these dispositions. Only positive main effects for negative urgency and (lack of) premeditation emerged in the casual sex model. Conclusions: The present study expands on the limited literature on the role of impulsivity in the relation between PTSD and RSB in trauma-exposed college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Flores
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Corresponding Authors: Jessica Flores, M.S. . Christal L. Badour, Ph.D.
| | - C. Alex Brake
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Caitlyn O. Hood
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Christal L. Badour
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Corresponding Authors: Jessica Flores, M.S. . Christal L. Badour, Ph.D.
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Scull TM, Dodson CV, Evans-Paulson R, Reeder LC, Geller J, Stump KN, Kupersmidt JB. Evaluating the mechanisms and long-term effects of a web-based comprehensive sexual health and media literacy education program for young adults attending community college: study protocol for a three-arm randomized controlled trial. Trials 2022; 23:521. [PMID: 35729664 PMCID: PMC9210582 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06414-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many community college students experience poor sexual and relationship health outcomes. Young adults consume a plethora of media content, much of which depicts unhealthy sexual and romantic relationships, and research has shown that media exposure can negatively impact health outcomes. Asynchronous, web-based media literacy education (MLE) programs have been shown to improve short-term sexual and relationship health outcomes. However, there is a dearth of research on the mechanisms by which MLE programs impact health outcomes and the long-term effects of MLE programs on sexual and relationship health outcomes among community college students. Methods This study will (1) evaluate the unique effects of MLE on primary and secondary sexual and relationship health outcomes; (2) compare the mechanisms underlying the effects of an asynchronous, web-based MLE sexual health program (Media Aware) to the mechanisms underlying the effects of an active control program on health outcomes; and (3) evaluate the long-term efficacy of Media Aware on media literacy skills and sexual and relationship health outcomes compared to active control and delayed intervention control groups. To address these aims, a three-arm randomized controlled trial with young adults attending community college will be conducted. It is expected that around 30 campuses will participate and approximately 67 students from each campus will be enrolled in the study (estimated n = 2010). Campuses will be randomized to either the (1) intervention group (Media Aware); (2) active control group (sexual health education from Media Aware without MLE content or methods); or (3) delayed intervention control group. Students will complete online questionnaires at pretest, posttest, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups. Discussion This project has the potential to advance theory about the potential mechanisms through which MLE has an impact on sexual and relationship health outcomes by directly testing the impact of interventions using a randomized design. Additionally, this study is expected to establish strong evidence for the effectiveness of Media Aware for use with young adults and to help identify strategies to optimize the longer-term impact of the program on health. Students’ satisfaction with programming will be discussed to inform future implementation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy M Scull
- Innovation Research & Training, 5316 Highgate Drive, Suite 125, Durham, NC, 27713, USA.
| | - Christina V Dodson
- Innovation Research & Training, 5316 Highgate Drive, Suite 125, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
| | - Reina Evans-Paulson
- Innovation Research & Training, 5316 Highgate Drive, Suite 125, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
| | - Liz C Reeder
- Innovation Research & Training, 5316 Highgate Drive, Suite 125, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
| | - Jacob Geller
- Innovation Research & Training, 5316 Highgate Drive, Suite 125, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
| | - Kathryn N Stump
- Innovation Research & Training, 5316 Highgate Drive, Suite 125, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
| | - Janis B Kupersmidt
- Innovation Research & Training, 5316 Highgate Drive, Suite 125, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
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Renfro KJ, Haderxhanaj L, Coor A, Eastman-Mueller H, Oswalt S, Kachur R, Habel MA, Becasen JS, Dittus PJ. Sexual-risk and STI-testing behaviors of a national sample of non-students, two-year, and four-year college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:544-551. [PMID: 32407180 PMCID: PMC10477969 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1756830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether sexual-risk and STI-testing behaviors differ by college student status. PARTICIPANTS Sexually experienced 17- to 25-year-olds from a 2013 nationally representative panel survey that evaluated the "Get Yourself Tested" campaign. Non-students (n = 628), 2-yr (n = 319), and 4-yr college students (n = 587) were surveyed. METHODS Bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regression were used. RESULTS Students were less likely than non-students to have had an early sexual debut and to have not used condoms in their most recent relationship. 4-yr students were less likely than non-students to have had multiple sexual partners. 2-yr students were less likely than non-students to have not used contraception in their most recent relationship. CONCLUSIONS 2-yr and 4-yr college students were less likely than non-students to engage in sexual-risk behaviors. Given potentially greater risk for STI acquisition among non-students, identification and implementation of strategies to increase sexual health education and services among this population is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaytlin J. Renfro
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Laura Haderxhanaj
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alexandra Coor
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Heather Eastman-Mueller
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Sara Oswalt
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel Kachur
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Melissa A. Habel
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Patricia J. Dittus
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Eisenberg ME, Lust K, Mathiason MA, Porta CM. Sexual Assault, Sexual Orientation, and Reporting Among College Students. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:62-82. [PMID: 29294876 DOI: 10.1177/0886260517726414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated significantly higher rates of sexual assault victimization among lesbian, gay, bisexual and queer (LGBQ) students than heterosexual students, and the overwhelming majority of assaults are not reported to any official system. Given the potential for support services to provide valuable assistance and promote well-being after an assault, the present study explores whether LGBQ students report assaults at similar rates to heterosexual students. As part of the 2015 College Student Health Survey, 10,646 male and female college students at 2- and 4-year colleges in Minnesota provided data regarding sexual assault victimization; reporting to a health care provider, campus authority, police, or social contact; and sexual orientation (two items, including write-in). Chi-square tests were used to detect associations between sexual assault victimization and five sexual orientation groups; and between sexual orientation and assault reporting (for 523 assault incidents). Almost 6% of students reported that they had experienced sexual assault in the previous 12 months. Significant differences in assault experience were seen by sexual orientation groups, for both males and females. For example, rates of sexual assault were 2.5 to over 5 times higher among bisexual and queer/pansexual/other females than among heterosexual females. Reporting of sexual assault to health care providers, campus authorities or police was rare for both heterosexual and sexual minority students, and there were no significant differences in reporting across sexual orientation. LGBQ students and heterosexual students appear to be similarly comfortable accessing health care providers, police, and campus resources, suggesting that these services are not overtly biased or unwelcoming to sexual minorities. However, rates of sexual assault were considerably higher among sexual minority groups, suggesting a need for primary prevention that is appropriate and sensitive to the experiences of LGBQ students.
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Marraccini ME, Brick LA, Weyandt LL, Francis A, Clarkin C, Fang Y. Effects of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors and sexual risk-taking behaviors through emotional control. J Affect Disord 2019; 249:183-191. [PMID: 30772746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND College students are at increased risk for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB) and sexual risk behaviors (SRB). Although students with a history of SITB appear to be more prone to SRB, the mechanisms linking these risk behaviors remain largely unexplored. Previous research points to emotional control (EC), defined as one's awareness and adaptability of emotions, as a potential mechanism explaining the relationship between SITB and SRB.1 METHODS: Data included 722 college students attending two different universities in the northeast and southeast regions of the United States. Multiple group structural equation models were fit to estimate the direct and indirect effects of history of SITB (suicidal ideation, attempt, and nonsuicidal self-injury) and EC on SRB jointly across men and women. RESULTS Findings supported indirect relationships between SITB and SRB through dysregulated EC, with type of SITB and patterns of SRB differing between men and women. For women, history of suicidal ideation and nonsuicidal self-injury were indirectly related to increased SRB through dysregulated EC. For men, history of suicidal ideation showed an indirect relationship on SRB through EC. LIMITATIONS Although this study employed random sampling, limitations include a cross-sectional design, which does not allow for causal inference, and reliance on self-report assessment data. CONCLUSIONS College students with a history of SITB who experience dysregulated EC may be more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior. Clinicians working with college students should concomitantly consider suicide and self-injury with SRB and consider interventions to improve EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa E Marraccini
- School of Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 105H Peabody Hall, CB# 3500, 100 E. Cameron Ave., Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Leslie A Brick
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Campus Box G-BH, 700 Butler Drive, Providence, RI 02906-7724, USA.
| | - Lisa L Weyandt
- Department of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Chafee Social Science Center, URI, 142 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Alyssa Francis
- Department of Psychology, Chafee Social Science Center, URI, 142 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Christine Clarkin
- Graduate School, Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Quinn Hall, 55 Lower College Road, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Yumeng Fang
- School of Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 105H Peabody Hall, CB# 3500, 100 E. Cameron Ave., Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Cabral MA, Schroeder R, Armstrong EM, El Ayadi AM, Gürel AL, Chang J, Harper CC. Pregnancy Intentions, Contraceptive Knowledge And Educational Aspirations Among Community College Students. PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2018; 50:181-188. [PMID: 30376215 DOI: 10.1363/psrh.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Community college students, representing more than one-third of U.S. undergraduates, are a diverse population of young people motivated to seek higher education who are at elevated risk of unintended pregnancy. However, it is unknown how well prepared they are to prevent pregnancy and what they think about it in terms of their educational aspirations. METHODS In-depth interviews were conducted with 57 students aged 18-25, inclusive of all genders, in three community colleges in California in 2015. Content analysis was used to code data and identify themes. RESULTS All participants reported strong desires to prevent pregnancy in the next year and perceived their pregnancy risk as low, but many reported unprotected sex with opposite-sex partners. Participants had specific timelines for completing their degrees and believed pregnancy would make that far more challenging, but would not ultimately prevent them from achieving their goals. Female students expressed concern about the risks of exacerbated poverty, housing instability and unachieved career goals. Participants had little knowledge of their pregnancy risks and of the health benefits, side effects or effectiveness of contraceptives. They held negative beliefs about hormonal contraception (including emergency contraception, IUDs and the implant), fearing long-lasting effects and infertility. Gay or bisexual students shared concerns about contraceptives, although several were using methods for noncontraceptive reasons. CONCLUSION Many community college students not desiring pregnancy have limited awareness of pregnancy risk and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Cabral
- Research analyst, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Rosalyn Schroeder
- Research, evaluation and data manager, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - Alison M El Ayadi
- Assistant professor, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Aleka L Gürel
- Research analyst, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Janet Chang
- Director, Student Health Services, San Jose City College, San Jose, CA
| | - Cynthia C Harper
- Professor, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
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Aronowitz T, Kim B, Vu P, Bergeron A. Engaging college students in a substance misuse & sexual health intervention using social marketing principles. Appl Nurs Res 2018; 44:88-92. [PMID: 30389066 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The successful recruitment and retention of participants is integral to the translation of research findings. Recruitment begins once you have defined your focus population and identified where and how to reach them (i.e., targeting). Formative evaluation can provide valuable information on recruitment, given the dynamics of different communities and the potential for certain strategies to work better than others with high-risk groups. The preliminary work of engaging the population of interest is essential to successfully attracting and retaining the involvement of populations of interest. The purpose of this paper is to present methods used to engage college students in a multi-level intervention aimed at preventing substance abuse, HIV and STIs. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Andreasen's six principles of social marketing were used to develop intervention activities and engage students in these activities. METHODS A multi-method approach was employed using both survey and focus groups for preliminary feedback, post-event surveys and annual evaluations. RESULTS Pamphlets are not enough to attract potential participants because advertisements need to be engaging and employ social networking sites. Students also enjoy playing both on-line and in person games and are quite competitive. Testing for HIV tripled in the first year. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS Students became more aware with each subsequent event participation increased over time. Although word of mouth is still very effective in getting students to events, the use of social networking sites greatly improved student participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teri Aronowitz
- University of Massachusetts Boston, College of Nursing & Health Sciences, United States of America.
| | - BoRam Kim
- University of Massachusetts Boston, College of Nursing & Health Sciences, United States of America
| | - Paul Vu
- University of Massachusetts Boston, College of Nursing & Health Sciences, United States of America
| | - Ari Bergeron
- University of Massachusetts Boston, College of Nursing & Health Sciences, United States of America
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Rampersaud GC, Sokolow A, Gruspe A, Colee JC, Kauwell GPA. Folate/folic acid knowledge, intake, and self-efficacy of college-aged women: impact of text messaging and availability of a folic acid-containing supplement. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2016; 64:460-468. [PMID: 27093482 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2016.1179196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of educational text messages (TMs) on folate/folic acid knowledge and consumption among college-aged women, and to evaluate the impact of providing folic acid supplements on folate/folic acid intake among college-aged women. PARTICIPANTS A total of 162 women (18-24 years) recruited from a university. METHODS The protocol included 3 study visits and a 6-week intervention for 4 groups: control; TM only; supplement only; and TM+supplement. Supplement groups received folic acid-containing supplements. TM groups received 18 folate-related TMs. Participants completed knowledge quizzes, supplement intake questions, a self-efficacy scale, and dietary recalls. RESULTS Despite receiving the same folic acid education, intake of folic acid and total folate was greater in the supplement groups compared with the non-supplement groups at mid- and post-study. TMs had no impact on any study measure. CONCLUSION Provision of a folic acid-containing supplement enhanced short-term folic acid intake, supporting the provision of supplements to this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail C Rampersaud
- a Food Science and Human Nutrition Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida , USA
| | - Andrew Sokolow
- a Food Science and Human Nutrition Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida , USA
| | - Abigail Gruspe
- a Food Science and Human Nutrition Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida , USA
| | - James C Colee
- a Food Science and Human Nutrition Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida , USA
| | - Gail P A Kauwell
- a Food Science and Human Nutrition Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida , USA
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Wright PJ, Tokunaga RS, Kraus A. Consumption of Pornography, Perceived Peer Norms, and Condomless Sex. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2016; 31:954-963. [PMID: 26752322 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2015.1022936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sexual scripts in pornography rarely include condoms. Many U.S. college students consume pornography and have unprotected sex. Yet no study appears to have investigated whether pornography consumption is correlated with having unprotected sex among U.S. college students. This article reports results from two studies of pornography consumption and condomless sex among U.S. college students. Pornography consumption was directly associated with a higher likelihood of condomless sex in study 1. This finding was replicated in study 2. Study 2 also explored whether perceptions of peers' use of condoms partially mediates the association between pornography consumption and condomless sex. Pornography consumption was associated with lower estimations of peers' condom use, and lower estimations of peers' condom use were associated with personally engaging in condomless sex.
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Habel MA, Leichliter JS, Torrone E. Exploring chlamydia positivity among females on college campuses, 2008-2010. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2016; 64:496-501. [PMID: 26731425 PMCID: PMC6738559 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2015.1117470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Describe chlamydia positivity among young women tested at college health centers by student characteristics: age, race/ethnicity, and institution type. PARTICIPANTS During 2008-2010, colleges participating in a national infertility prevention program provided chlamydia testing data from females aged 18-24. METHODS Chlamydia positivity (number of positive tests divided by the number tested) among females stratified by college type (4-year versus 2-year and minority serving institutes [MSIs]) was determined. RESULTS Chlamydia testing data were provided by 148 colleges: 37 (26%) MSIs and 21 (15%) 2-year colleges. Of the 118,946 chlamydia tests, 6.5% were positive. Chlamydia positivity in females at 4-year colleges was 6.6% versus 5.3% at 2-year colleges (p = .0001). Positivity at MSIs was almost double of that at non-MSIs, 10.0% versus 5.4% (p = .0001). CONCLUSIONS Chlamydia positivity may be higher among college females than previously thought. Higher positivity at MSIs suggests that targeted sexually transmitted infection prevention efforts may be useful for high-risk college populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Habel
- a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Jami S Leichliter
- a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Elizabeth Torrone
- a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
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Park Y, Yeun EJ, Hwang YY. Subjectivity About Sexual Ethics Among Korean Undergraduate Students Using Q Methodology. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2016; 10:143-9. [PMID: 27349672 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Most undergraduate students are in the phase of gaining mental and physical autonomy from their parents as they expand their worlds. The ways that sexual ethics are established during this time may have an important influence on healthy lifestyles and the maintenance of social order. This study aims to determine a typology of undergraduate students' sexual ethics and the characteristics that compose the types. METHODS Q methodology, which analyzes the subjectivity of each type of attitude, was used. The 44 selected Q statements from 43 participants were classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using the PC-QUANL program. RESULTS The results revealed three discrete groups of students with respect to sexual ethics: traditional absolute purity type, open-minded compromise type, and rational responsibility type. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that different approaches to educational programs on sexual ethics are recommended for undergraduate students based on the three types studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngrye Park
- Department of Nursing, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, South Korea
| | - Eun Ja Yeun
- Department of Nursing, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
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Berg CJ, Lowe K, Stratton E, Goodwin SB, Grimsley L, Rodd J, Williams C, Mattox C, Foster B. Sociodemographic, Psychosocial, and Health Behavior Risk Factors Associated with Sexual Risk Behaviors among Southeastern US College Students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 4:387-395. [PMID: 25068080 PMCID: PMC4110725 DOI: 10.4236/ojpm.2014.46046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives We examined correlates of 1) being a virgin; 2) drug or alcohol use prior to the last intercourse; and 3) condom use during the last intercourse in a sample of college students. Methods We recruited 24,055 students at six colleges in the Southeast to complete an online survey, yielding 4840 responses (20.1% response rate), with complete data from 4514. Results Logistic regression indicated that correlates of virginity included being younger (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.01), being White or other ethnicity (p < 0.001), attending a four-vs. two-year school (p < 0.001), being single/never married (p < 0.001), lower sensation seeking (p < 0.001), more regular religious service attendance (p < 0.001), lower likelihood of smoking (p < 0.001) and marijuana use (p = 0.002), and less frequentdrinking (p < 0.001). Correlates of alcohol or drug use prior to most recent intercourse including being older (p = 0.03), being White (p < 0.01), attending a four-year college (p < 0.001), being homosexual (p = 0.041) or bisexual (p = 0.011), having more lifetime sexual partners (p = 0.005), lower satisfaction with life (p = 0.004), greater likelihood of smoking (p < 0.001) and marijuana use (p < 0.001), and more frequent drinking (p < 0.001). Correlates of condom use during the last sexual intercourse including being older (p = 0.003), being female (p < 0.001), being White (p < 0.001), attending a two-year school (p = 0.04), being single/never married (p = 0.005), being homosexual or bisexual (p = 0.04), and a more frequent drinking (p = 0.001). Conclusions Four-year college attendees were more likely to be a virgin but, if sexually active, reported higher sexual risk behaviors. These nuances regarding sexual risk may provide targets for sexual health promotion programs and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla J Berg
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Kincaid Lowe
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Erin Stratton
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Sherell Brown Goodwin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | | | - Jan Rodd
- Albany State University, Albany, USA
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