1
|
Taylor EJ, Morrell HER, Ada HM, Dupée C, Jordan M, Radovich P, Boyd KC. Do nurse spiritual responses to trauma explain nurse outcomes? A correlational observational study. Nurs Outlook 2024; 72:102296. [PMID: 39393301 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2024.102296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various facets of spirituality are associated with well-being. Given the current urgency to promote nurse well-being, nurse spirituality merits exploration. PURPOSE To investigate how spiritual distress and growth (i.e., spiritual/religious struggle, moral injury, and post-traumatic growth) contributed to nurse outcomes (i.e., burnout, job satisfaction, and intent to leave). METHODS Registered nurse (RNs) providing direct patient care in three Southern California hospitals completed an online survey that included psychometrically robust measures. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to test spiritual variables as predictors of nurse outcomes after accounting for demographic and work-related factors. FINDINGS In this sample of 531 demographically diverse RNs, spiritual struggle contributed to burnout and turnover intention; post-traumatic growth and employer respect for nurse well-being contributed to all three nurse outcomes. DISCUSSION Spiritual distress and growth are understudied but potentially important influences on job outcomes for nurses. The results here suggest that continued development of interventions to address spiritual health is worth investment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hazel M Ada
- Adventist Health White Memorial, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Carrie Dupée
- Pomona Valley Hospital Medical Center, Pomona, CA
| | - Michael Jordan
- Southern Adventist University, Collegdale, TN; Advanced Bioethics Consulting, LLC, Ooltewah, TN
| | | | - Kendal C Boyd
- Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gil-Almagro F, Carmona-Monge FJ, García-Hedrera FJ, Peñacoba-Puente C. Self-efficacy as a psychological resource in the management of stress suffered by ICU nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective study on emotional exhaustion. Nurs Crit Care 2024. [PMID: 39380321 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses have experienced a high degree of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. While the literature on the consequences on emotional symptomatology is abundant, studies on the protective psychosocial variables that have contributed to buffering these consequences are scarcer. AIM This study analyses the role of self-efficacy as a protective personality trait in ICU nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, using a moderated mediation model that begins with the stress and anxiety experienced at the onset of the pandemic and concludes with the emotional exhaustion experienced 6 months later. STUDY DESIGN Prospective longitudinal study with two data collection periods during the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) from 5 May to 21 June 2020 and (2) a follow-up 6 months after the state of alarm finalized (January-April 2021). These were both very stressful periods for ICU staff because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted with 129 ICU nurses (a non-probabilistic convenience sample in the Spanish health care system). Socio-demographic, occupational and psychosocial variables (i.e. stress, anxiety, self-efficacy and emotional exhaustion) were assessed. Descriptive analyses, Pearson correlations, covariate analyses (i.e. Student's t-test, one-factor ANOVA) and moderated mediation analyses were carried out (SPSS PROCESS macro, model 7). STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) reporting guidelines were followed. RESULTS It shows that the higher the self-efficacy score, the lower the effect of stress on anxiety (p < .001); likewise, the moderating role of self-efficacy was equally valid for the whole final model (F = 8.790, p < .001), showing self-efficacy to be a good buffer for emotional exhaustion derived from the stress suffered in the ICU. CONCLUSIONS Self-efficacy (i.e. the belief of being able to do certain tasks successfully) is shown to be a highly relevant trait to enhance among ICU nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, allowing them to manage work stress effectively and thus buffering the development of anxiety in the short term and emotional exhaustion in the long term. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Our results point to the need to assess and take action on self-efficacy in ICU nurses in highly stressful situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. As a psychological variable, self-efficacy refers to beliefs and therefore has to be trained by evidence-based psychological techniques, such as cognitive behavioural therapy. In addition, previous literature has pointed out that previous experience or specific training is an influential (although not a determining) factor in self-efficacy, so specialization for ICU nurses could also be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Gil-Almagro
- Alcorcón Foundation University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hinderer KA, Klima DW, Kellogg MB, Morello C, Myers K, Wentland BA. Our New Normal: Pediatric Nurse Residents' Experiences with Transition to Practice during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1159. [PMID: 38921274 PMCID: PMC11202708 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12121159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This phenomenological qualitative study examined the lived experience of pediatric nurse residents' transition to practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purposive sample included nine pediatric nurses, participating in a nurse residency program, who entered the nursing profession during the first year of the pandemic. The setting was a free-standing, Magnet-recognized, pediatric academic medical center in the Northeastern U.S. Individual interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Narratives were analyzed using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Five themes emerged from the data: Our New Normal; The Rules Keep Changing; I'm Not Ready for This (transition to practice); The Toll of COVID; and Shattered Family-Centered Care. Sub-themes emerged in The Toll of COVID theme: COVID and the Nursing Care Environment, Emotional Toll of COVID, Burnout: A Universal Truth, and The Pandemic within the Pandemic. The nurse residents' narratives uncovered the essence of their uncertainty, sorrow, growth, and resilience. Through the eyes of pediatric nurse residents, this study illuminated the experiences of these novices as they entered the nursing profession amid a pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Hinderer
- Institute for Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Dennis W. Klima
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA;
| | - Marni B. Kellogg
- Shriners Children’s, Corporate Headquarters, Tampa, FL 33607, USA;
| | - Cecelia Morello
- Departments of Psychology and Public Policy & Law, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
| | - Karen Myers
- College of Nursing, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA;
| | - Beth A. Wentland
- Institute for Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gómez-Salgado J, Delgado-García D, Ortega-Moreno M, Fagundo-Rivera J, El Khoury-Moreno L, Vilches-Arenas Á, Ruiz-Frutos C. Work engagement and sense of coherence as predictors of psychological distress during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31327. [PMID: 38803934 PMCID: PMC11128991 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between sense of coherence, work engagement, and work environment variables as predictors of the level of psychological distress during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. Methods Cross-sectional descriptive study collected between April 22 and December 16, 2020, using non-probabilistic snowball sampling. The study variables and instruments were socio-demographic variables, work engagement (UWES-9 scale), sense of coherence (Antonovsky SOC-13 scale), and psychological distress (GHQ-12 scale). Multivariate analysis and binary logistic regression were performed including the scores of the three questionnaires and other variables such as effectiveness, safety, stress, health perception, and sex. Finally, the CHAID technique was applied to create a segmentation tree. Results 72.7 % of participants had high levels of psychological distress, more predominantly among women, with work stress and low sense of coherence acting as the most influential mediators in generating psychological distress, and even more so when both were combined. Low work engagement and the availability of safe and effective means to prevent infection were predictors of psychological distress among workers. Conclusion During the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, factors that contributed to psychological distress in the Chilean population were identified. These included a fair or poor perception of health, being a woman, work-related stress, availability of safety measures, low level of work engagement, and low level of sense of coherence. Identifying these factors may help prevent similar effects in future phases of the current pandemic or in future pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Diemen Delgado-García
- Universidad de Aconcagua, Los Andes, Chile
- School of Medicine, Neurology and Psychiatry, Universidad de Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ángel Vilches-Arenas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vera M, Lorente L. Nurses´ Performance: The Importance of Personal Resources for Coping with Stressors. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:844-853. [PMID: 37643368 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2239908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively influenced the work of health staff, especially nurses. Stressors that affect nurses have been intensified and new stressors have also emerged, threatening their well-being and job performance. The main objective of this study is to analyze the role of nurses´ personal resources in the relationship between job stressors and job performance during the COVID-19. Sample is composed of 438 nurses from 39 Spanish cities. This is a cross-sectional study. The results confirm the full mediation of resilience in the relationship between stressors and job performance, and the moderation of self-efficacy in the relationship between resilience and job performance, and in the full mediation. This study highlight the role played by self-efficacy as the main personal resource in buffering the effect of stressors on nurses´ performance. Resilience only becomes crucial in individuals with low levels of self-efficacy beliefs. Managers of health institutions and hospitals are invited to invest resources in strengthening the personal resources of health staff, especially self-efficacy beliefs, and resilience to ensure that their performance remains adequate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Vera
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nashwan AJ, Mathew RG, Anil R, Allobaney NF, Nair SK, Mohamed AS, Abujaber AA, Balouchi A, Fradelos EC. The safety, health, and well-being of healthcare workers during COVID-19: A scoping review. AIMS Public Health 2023; 10:593-609. [PMID: 37842272 PMCID: PMC10567975 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2023042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the safety and well-being of healthcare workers. A scoping review was conducted to highlight the impact of COVID-19 on the safety, health, and well-being of healthcare workers and to shed light on the concerns about their perceived safety and support systems. A literature search was conducted in three different databases from December 1, 2019, through July 20, 2022, to find publications that meet the aim of this review. Using search engines, 3087 articles were identified, and after a rigorous assessment by two reviewers, 30 articles were chosen for further analysis. Two themes emerged during the analysis: safety and health and well-being. The primary safety concern of the staff was mostly about contracting COVID-19, infecting family members, and caring for patients with COVID-19. During the pandemic, the health care workers appeared to have anxiety, stress, uncertainty, burnout, and a lack of sleep. Additionally, the review focused on the suggestions of health care providers to improve the safety and well-being of workers through fair organizational policies and practices and timely, individualized mental health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulqadir J. Nashwan
- Department of Nursing, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital (HMGH), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Rejo G. Mathew
- Department of Nursing, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital (HMGH), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Reni Anil
- Department of Nursing, National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Nabeel F. Allobaney
- Department of Nursing, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital (HMGH), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Sindhumole Krishnan Nair
- Department of Nursing Education, National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed S. Mohamed
- Department of Nursing Education, Al-Wakra Hospital (AWH), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmad A. Abujaber
- Department of Nursing, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital (HMGH), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Abbas Balouchi
- Department of Nursing, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Evangelos C. Fradelos
- Laboratory of Clinical Nursing, Department of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou Y, Zhang A, Liu X, Tan X, Miao R, Zhang Y, Wang J. Protecting public's wellbeing against COVID-19 infodemic: The role of trust in information sources and rapid dissemination and transparency of information over time. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1142230. [PMID: 37139363 PMCID: PMC10149692 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1142230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study examined how trust in the information about COVID-19 from social media and official media as well as how the information was disseminated affect public's wellbeing directly and indirectly through perceived safety over time. Methods Two online surveys were conducted in China, with the first survey (Time1, N = 22,718) being at the early stage of the pandemic outbreak and the second one (Time 2, N = 2,901) two and a half years later during the zero-COVID policy lockdown period. Key measured variables include trust in official media and social media, perceived rapid dissemination and transparency of COVID-19-related information, perceived safety, and emotional responses toward the pandemic. Data analysis includes descriptive statistical analysis, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlations, and structural equation modeling. Results Trust in official media, perceived rapid dissemination and transparency of COVID-19-related information, perceived safety, as well as positive emotional response toward COVID-19 increased over time, while trust in social media and depressive response decreased over time. Trust in social media and official media played different roles in affecting public's wellbeing over time. Trust in social media was positively associated with depressive emotions and negatively associated with positive emotion directly and indirectly through decreased perceived safety at Time 1. However, the negative effect of trust in social media on public's wellbeing was largely decreased at Time 2. In contrast, trust in official media was linked to reduced depressive response and increased positive response directly and indirectly through perceived safety at both times. Rapid dissemination and transparency of COVID-19 information contributed to enhanced trust in official media at both times. Conclusion The findings highlight the important role of fostering public trust in official media through rapid dissemination and transparency of information in mitigating the negative impact of COVID-19 infodemic on public's wellbeing over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Zhou
- School of Sociology and Ethnology, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
- Health and Biosecurity, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Airong Zhang
- Health and Biosecurity, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaoliu Liu
- Faculty of Ideological and Political Education and Moral Education, Beijing Institute of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xuyun Tan
- Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruikai Miao
- Mental Health Education Center, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiu Wang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Briciu V, Leucuta DC, Tőkés GE, Colcear D. Burnout, Depression, and Job Stress Factors in Healthcare Workers of a Romanian COVID-19 Dedicated Hospital, after Two Pandemic Years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4118. [PMID: 36901130 PMCID: PMC10001558 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic put unprecedented pressure on all areas of activity, especially healthcare workers. Understanding the psychological response to the pandemic in healthcare workers is an important challenge. This study aims to investigate burnout, depression, and job stress factors in the medical personnel of a COVID-19-dedicated hospital, two years after the beginning of the pandemic. The survey was performed between the fifth and sixth pandemic waves in Romania. Employees of the Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, completed an online survey using four tools: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), the Karasek Job factors questionnaire, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). A total of 114 employees completed the questionnaire (10.83% of total employees). The results showed 100% prevalence of Maslach burnout (56.1% moderate and severe burnout) and 63.1% prevalence of depression. The infectious disease resident doctors had the highest prevalence of burnout scores, depression, and perceived Karasek job demands. The 22- to 30-year-old age group and the group with fewer than ten years of professional experience had a significantly higher prevalence of burnout and depression than older employees or employees with more professional experience. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a high impact on the mental health of healthcare workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Briciu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- The Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniel-Corneliu Leucuta
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gyöngyvér Erika Tőkés
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences from Târgu Mureş, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, 540485 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Doina Colcear
- The Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moi EB, Skisland AV, Johannessen B, Haraldstad K, Rohde G, Flateland SM. Working as a nurse in community health services during Covid-19: a qualitative study. BMC Nurs 2022; 21:358. [PMID: 36527026 PMCID: PMC9756599 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-01141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the Covid-19 pandemic, new roles, increased workload, lack of staffing and infection control equipment, unclear infection control guidelines and conflicting information have led to uncertainty and unpredictability for health workers. Although community home-care nurses have been exposed to a range of personal and professional stressors during the pandemic, few studies have focused on their experiences. The aim of this study was to explore how Norwegian home-care nurses experienced the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. This knowledge may contribute to preparations for meetings with patients in future pandemics, how management can support its employees and how to structure a successful organization. METHODS This study was a qualitative descriptive design comprising 12 semi-structured individual interviews with home-care nurses. A thematic analysis was carried out. RESULTS Four main themes and 11 subthemes were constructed. The results revealed challenges related both to the organization and to management, experiences of unclear information, lack of available equipment, redeployment of staff and increased workload. Furthermore, it was challenging to provide high qualitative care. The nurses missed collegial togetherness and had feelings of uncertainty with a great fear of infecting others. Positive consequences were feelings of being valued and a greater awareness of infection control. CONCLUSION This study highlighted the importance of unambiguous information and clear delegation of responsibility, and that enough infection control equipment will likely minimize the fear of infecting each other. Being visible and admired for their work was important for the nurses' psychological well-being. Nurses, nursing managers and policymakers in community health care can use these results to develop strategies for future pandemic planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Benestad Moi
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O.Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Anne Valen Skisland
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O.Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Berit Johannessen
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O.Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O.Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Gudrun Rohde
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O.Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sylvi Monika Flateland
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O.Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aulanko I, Nikuri P, Oksanen L, Oksanen S, Lahdentausta L, Pietiäinen M, Paju S, Kivimäki A, Pussinen P, Geneid A, Sanmark E. " As protective gear began to run low, guidance on protection became looser" - Healthcare workers' perspectives on infection prevention and control during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:982738. [PMID: 36438292 PMCID: PMC9685526 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.982738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has posed several risk factors to healthcare workers' (HCWs') emotional distress. The purpose of the study was to enhance understanding of the experiences and feelings of HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic, with specific reference to infection prevention and control (IPC) practices and guidance, focusing on the quality and availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), guidelines, and management. With a qualitative approach, we aimed to enable a wider narrative; to gain a more detailed understanding related to PPE use and identify experiences that can be overlooked in forced-choice questionnaires. Methods An online questionnaire was conducted among HCWs of the City of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital between 12.6.2020 and 5.4.2021. Altogether 1,580 HCWs participated in the study, from whom 579 shared 1,666 free-text responses. These responses were analyzed qualitatively, and the results were combined with statistical data on the participants' working conditions and backgrounds. Results We identified problems in PPE availability and changing guidelines as factors causing the most distress in the participants. Regarding availability, running out of masks and respirators emerged as the most worrying issue, and inadequate PPE was associated with the excessive workload (OR 1.51, CI 95% 1.01-2.25). The results also highlight the importance of transparent and clear communication regarding IPC instructions and guidance, and clear IPC guidance was associated with better levels of reported recovery from work (OR 1.51, CI 95% 1.06-2.14). Conclusions Our study highlights the importance of adequate PPE provision, transparent communication, clear guidance, and supportive supervisory work in this ongoing pandemic and potential new ones. We suggest more rigorous preparation, with crisis communication planning and emergency storage of PPE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Aulanko
- COVID19VATEHY Research Group, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Joint Municipal Authority for Social and Healthcare in Central Uusimaa (Keusote), Hyvinkää, Finland,*Correspondence: Ida Aulanko
| | - Petra Nikuri
- COVID19VATEHY Research Group, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Pediatrics, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Lotta Oksanen
- COVID19VATEHY Research Group, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampo Oksanen
- School of Business, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Lahdentausta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milla Pietiäinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna Paju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Kivimäki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirkko Pussinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed Geneid
- COVID19VATEHY Research Group, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Enni Sanmark
- COVID19VATEHY Research Group, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ford JD, Marengo D, Olff M, Armour C, Elhai JD, Almquist Z, Spiro ES. Temporal trends in health worker social media communication during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Res Nurs Health 2022; 45:636-651. [PMID: 36121149 PMCID: PMC9538053 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian D. Ford
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
| | - Davide Marengo
- Department of Psychology University of Torino Torino Italy
| | - Miranda Olff
- Department of Psychology University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | | | - Jon D. Elhai
- Department of Psychology University of Toledo Toledo Ohio USA
| | - Zack Almquist
- Department of Sociology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Emma S. Spiro
- Department of Sociology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Costa C, Teodoro M, De Vita A, Giambò F, Mento C, Muscatello MRA, Alibrandi A, Italia S, Fenga C. Factors Affecting Perceived Work Environment, Wellbeing, and Coping Styles: A Comparison between Physicians and Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11104. [PMID: 36078818 PMCID: PMC9518450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a current emergency worldwide. All the consequent changes in sanitary systems have negatively affected the work-life balance. In particular, healthcare workers suffered from anxiety, stress, and depression, mostly nurses compared to physicians. To handle this situation, the adoption of different coping strategies has played a strategic role in psychophysical wellbeing. Our main goal is to the assess the perception of work environment and wellbeing (EQ-5D questionnaire), as well as to analyze possible differences in coping styles between physicians and nurses (brief COPE questionnaire). The arising differences were compared between the two groups, and associations with variables were assessed through a bivariate correlation analysis. This cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2020 through an online survey. A total of 172 respondents (117 physicians and 55 nurses), of which 102 were women and 70 were men, accepted to join the study. Our results showed that physicians referred a higher perception of wellbeing, and nurses reported an increased perception of work activity and efficiency, along with an unchanged economic status. The most frequently adopted coping strategies were Active and Planning (self-sufficient coping). Physicians showed a greater tendency to use avoidant coping strategies. More-experienced nurses and physicians were less prone to adopt socially supported coping strategies, emphasizing the need for novel organizational measures at the social dimension that favored sharing and interaction between peers. Future research should aim to further investigate the relationship between the perception of work environment and coping strategies in order to identify risk factors to be prevented by promoting adequate measures at an organizational level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Costa
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Annalisa De Vita
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Giambò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Mento
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Clinical Psychology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economics, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Italia
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The Effect of Psychosocial Safety Climate on Engagement and Psychological Distress: A Multilevel Study on the Healthcare Sector. SAFETY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/safety8030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
All work sectors have been affected by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The perception of risk combined with the lack of safety and fear for their own safety have caused severe psychological discomfort in workers. Of all the work sectors, the most affected was certainly the healthcare sector. In hospitals, medical staff were at the forefront of the battle against COVID-19, providing care in close physical proximity to patients and had a direct risk of being exposed to the virus. The main objective of the study was to investigate the perception of a psychosocial safety climate and the effect on engagement and psychological stress in a sample of 606 healthcare workers (physicians 39.6%, nurses 41.3%, healthcare assistant 19.1%), belonging to six organisations and organised into 11 working groups. Furthermore, we wanted to investigate the mediating effect of workaholism at both individual and group level. The results partially confirmed our hypotheses and the mediating effect at the individual level of working compulsively. A psychosocial safety climate in healthcare workers led to a decrease in engagement through the mediation of working compulsively. The mediating effect of working compulsively might be due to a climate that did not guarantee or preserve the psychological health and safety of healthcare workers. In this research, the most important limit concerns the number of organisations and the number of groups.
Collapse
|
14
|
Oțelea MR, Rașcu A, Staicu C, Călugăreanu L, Ipate M, Teodorescu S, Persecă O, Voinoiu A, Neamțu A, Calotă V, Mateș D. Exhaustion in Healthcare Workers after the First Three Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148871. [PMID: 35886721 PMCID: PMC9318340 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to identify the determinants of exhaustion of frontline and second-line healthcare workers (HCW) during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A case−control study was conducted based on an anonymously distributed questionnaire, which was completed by 1872 HCW. Exhaustion was assessed with a validated Romanian questionnaire. The Siegrist questionnaire was used to determine workload, reward and overcommitment. Frontline HCW reported significantly more frequent longer working hours (p = 0.0009) and a better perception of the management of the risk for infection (p = 0.0002) than second-line HCW. The effort and overcommitment scores were higher in frontline HCW (9.51 + 1.98 vs. 8.45 + 21, p < 0.001 and 16.34 ± 2.80 vs. 15.24 ± 2.94, p < 0.001, respectively) and the reward scores were lower (5.21 ± 1.522 vs. 5.99 ± 1.44, p < 0.001). In the fully adjusted regression model, age, imbalance between effort and reward, overcommitment and management of the risk of infection in the workplace were associated with the exhaustion score in each category of HCW. The number of working hours was correlated with exhaustion in frontline HCW and occupation in second-line HCW. There were more similarities than differences between frontline and second-line HCW. Even if frontline HCW had a higher risk of exhaustion, the risk was not negligible for all HCW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ruxandra Oțelea
- Clinical Department 5, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.R.O.); (A.R.)
| | - Agripina Rașcu
- Clinical Department 5, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.R.O.); (A.R.)
- Clinic of Occupational Medicine, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cătălin Staicu
- National Center for Monitoring Community Risks, National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (L.C.); (S.T.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.)
| | - Lavinia Călugăreanu
- National Center for Monitoring Community Risks, National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (L.C.); (S.T.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.)
| | - Mădălina Ipate
- Regional Center of Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, 700465 Iași, Romania;
| | - Silvia Teodorescu
- National Center for Monitoring Community Risks, National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (L.C.); (S.T.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.)
| | - Ovidiu Persecă
- Regional Center for Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, 400349 Cluj Napoca, Romania;
| | - Angelica Voinoiu
- National Center for Monitoring Community Risks, National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (L.C.); (S.T.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.)
| | - Andra Neamțu
- National Center for Monitoring Community Risks, National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (L.C.); (S.T.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.)
| | - Violeta Calotă
- National Center for Monitoring Community Risks, National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (L.C.); (S.T.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Dana Mateș
- National Center for Monitoring Community Risks, National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (L.C.); (S.T.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu X, Ren X. Analysis of the Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment between Perceived Leader Trust and Employee Work Performance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116712. [PMID: 35682296 PMCID: PMC9180622 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
High levels of trust between employees and leaders moderate the relationship between organizational management practices. A collaborative environment encourages employees to have more Psychological Empowerment, which in turn leads to better performance. Based on Intrinsic Work Motivation and Self-Evaluation, this paper uses Perceived Leader Trust as an independent variable, Employee Work Performance as a dependent variable, and introduces Psychological Empowerment to explore the internal mechanism of perceived trust. This paper proposes a total of 28 hypotheses, and 25 hypotheses have been verified. The specific research conclusions are as follows: (1) Perceived Leader Trust has a positive impact on Employee Work Performance. (2) Perceived Leader Trust positively affects employees' Psychological Empowerment. Perceived Leader Dependence has a significant impact on all dimensions of Psychological Empowerment, but the relationship between Perceived Information Disclosure and Work Meaning is not significant. (3) Psychological Empowerment is positively correlated with Employee Work Performance, in which the four dimensions of Psychological Empowerment are significantly related to Employee Task Performance, while Work Meaning and Autonomy are not significantly related to Employee Relationship Performance. (4) Psychological Empowerment, as the overall perception of employees, plays a partial mediating role between Perceived Leader Trust and Employee Work Performance. This paper verifies the role of Psychological Empowerment between Perceived Leader Trust and Employee Work Performance, and explores the internal mechanism of Perceived Leader Trust from the perspective of employees' Intrinsic Work Motivation, which promotes the development of organizational management practices.
Collapse
|
16
|
Quansah F, Frimpong JB, Sambah F, Oduro P, Anin SK, Srem-Sai M, Hagan JE, Schack T. COVID-19 Pandemic and Teachers' Classroom Safety Perception, Anxiety and Coping Strategies during Instructional Delivery. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:920. [PMID: 35628057 PMCID: PMC9141009 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several professionals, including teachers, have been engrossed in fear of the worst happening due to COVID-19 and the rapidly evolving nature of the virus affecting the perception of safety in any working environment. This study examined teachers' perception of classroom safety, anxiety, and coping strategies during instructional delivery in senior high schools in Ghana. Adopting the cross-sectional survey design with a quantitative approach, a convenient sample of 174 senior high school teachers in the Cape Coast Metropolis completed a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression. The findings showed that teachers perceived their classroom environment as unsafe during instructional delivery amidst COVID-19 and reported modest to extreme levels of anxiety. Further, teachers with a high level of COVID-19 anxiety were found to utilize active coping strategies to manage stressful situations. The reported unsafe working environment in schools during pandemic times highlights the critical role of supportive working environments for teachers' mental and psychological wellness. School counseling psychologists, school welfare officers, and school health coordinators should collaborate to implement interventions (e.g., social emotional learning; resilience strategies) that promote the wellbeing of teachers and a safe working environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Quansah
- Department of Educational Foundations, University of Education, Winneba P.O. Box 25, Ghana;
| | - James Boadu Frimpong
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, PMB TF0494, Cape Coast P.O. Box 5007, Ghana; (J.B.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Francis Sambah
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, PMB TF0494, Cape Coast P.O. Box 5007, Ghana; (J.B.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Prince Oduro
- Department of Special Education, University of Education, Winneba P.O. Box 25, Ghana;
| | - Stephen Kofi Anin
- Department of Industrial and Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Takoradi Technical University, Takoradi P.O. Box 256, Ghana;
| | - Medina Srem-Sai
- Department of Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Sports, University of Education, Winneba P.O. Box 25, Ghana;
| | - John Elvis Hagan
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, PMB TF0494, Cape Coast P.O. Box 5007, Ghana; (J.B.F.); (F.S.)
- Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Postfach 10 01 31, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Thomas Schack
- Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Postfach 10 01 31, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Green G, Sharon C, Gendler Y. The Communication Challenges and Strength of Nurses' Intensive Corona Care during the Two First Pandemic Waves: A Qualitative Descriptive Phenomenology Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:837. [PMID: 35627974 PMCID: PMC9140473 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive care nurses working with patients with severe COVID-19 illness are at the center and frontline of the dynamic pandemic, which poses communication challenges and demands of unusual strength on their part. The study aim was to capture the lived experience of intensive care COVID nurses' communication challenges and strengths as they cared for COVID-19 intensive care patients during the two first pandemic waves. The study used qualitative descriptive-phenomenology research designs. Twenty-two nurses were selected using snowball sampling, and online interviews were conducted with them. Data were recorded and transcribed, then reflexively double-coded for increased rigor. Four major themes emerged from the data. The first two expressed the communication challenges and difficulties communicating with patients due to the extreme protection needed and/or their medical condition. However, the other two themes expressed the nurses' strengths-sharing feelings with other caregivers and family. Accordingly, we recommend using simple language and ensuring patient comprehension, as well as creating an optimistic environment for fostering caregiver bonding.
Collapse
|
18
|
A Moderated Mediation Analysis of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Well-Being and Sport Readiness of Italian Team Sports Players: The Role of Perceived Safety of the Training Environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052764. [PMID: 35270457 PMCID: PMC8910545 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protective restrictions (e.g., lockdowns, quarantines, social and physical distancing) consequent to the global pandemic caused by COVID-19 posited new challenges to athletes practicing competitive team sports. This study aimed to gain an understanding of the impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being and sports readiness to train and to compete of competitive female and male athletes practicing outdoor (i.e., rugby, soccer) and indoor (i.e., volleyball, basketball) team sports who were active during the Italian first and second waves of COVID-19. METHODS An online survey assessing demographic characteristics, perceived safety of the training environment, COVID-19 risk, fear of COVID-19, well-being, and sport (training and competition) readiness was administered to 619 team sports players. We examined differences by gender, previous COVID-19 experience, and team sport setting (i.e., outdoor vs. indoor). A moderated mediation analysis was conducted to assess the impact of perceived COVID-19 risk and fear of COVID-19 on athletes' well-being and sports readiness, using perceived safety of the training environment as a mediator and gender and sport setting as moderators. RESULTS Indoor team sports and female athletes showed higher perceived COVID-19 risk, while athletes with no-COVID-19 experience reported higher fear of COVID-19. Perceived COVID-19 risk (directly and via perceived safety of the training environment) and fear of COVID-19 were negatively associated with athletes' well-being and sports readiness. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted an understanding of the psychological implications of the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the role of the perceived safety of the training environment on athletes' well-being and sports readiness. Future studies may advance safety-based interventions to promote well-being and a safer return to sport.
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang Q, Shi M, Zeng L, Xu P. University freshmen's excessive smartphone use and psychological safety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:993555. [PMID: 36276311 PMCID: PMC9582602 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.993555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although excessive smartphone use has been confirmed as being associated with specific representations of mental health (e. g., anxiety, depression, wellbeing, etc.) throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the relationship between excessive smartphone use and cognitive representations of mental health (i.e., psychological safety) is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to identify the association between excessive smartphone use and psychological safety among university freshmen during the COVID-19 pandemic; in addition, we examined the mediation effects of hardiness and interpersonal distress in this relationship. In this study, 1,224 university freshmen were selected at random from several universities in Guizhou Province of China. The Psychological Safety Scale was used to evaluate the mental health of university freshmen; the Mobile Phone Dependence Scale was used to evaluate excessive smartphone use; the Hardiness Questionnaire was used to evaluate hardiness; and the Interpersonal Relation Synthetic Diagnose Test was used to evaluate interpersonal distress. The findings showed that: (1) the greater the degree of excessive smartphone use, the more serious respondents' interpersonal distress and the lower their hardiness; (2) excessive smartphone use was not only directly related to the psychological safety of university freshmen but also indirectly related to their psychological safety through the independent mediation of hardiness and interpersonal distress, as well as through the chain mediation of hardiness and interpersonal distress. In general, excessive smartphone use in university freshmen could lead to a decline in their psychological safety. Also, hardiness and interpersonal distress play a complex role in this relationship. During the COVID-19 pandemic, interventions on the mental health of college freshmen should not only provide guidance on how to use their smartphone responsibly but also to provide them with support and guidance for the enhancement of their hardiness and improvement of their interpersonal relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Yang
- School of Teacher Education, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mengxi Shi
- School of Teacher Education, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lianping Zeng
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Educational Psychology, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Remón-Berrade M, Guillen-Aguinaga S, Sarrate-Adot I, Garcia-Garcia MP, Lerga-Berruezo MDC, Guillen-Aguinaga L, Guillen-Grima F. Risk of Secondary Household Transmission of COVID-19 from Health Care Workers in a Hospital in Spain. EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2021; 3:1-10. [PMID: 36417263 PMCID: PMC9620916 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia3010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital health care workers are at high risk of developing COVID-19 and transmitting the disease to their family upon returning home; the aim here is to estimate the secondary attack rate of COVID-19 in household contacts of health care workers and their transmission risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS COVID-19 cases in the health care workers of an academic hospital in Pamplona, Spain, from 2 March to 26 May 2020, were followed up. The secondary attack rate (SAR) was estimated from cases in household contacts of index cases and their risk factors by Poisson regression. RESULTS 89 index cases were studied from 99 notified cases in health care workers (89.0%), excluding secondary cases or those who lived alone. Forty-six secondary cases confirmed by the laboratory were found among 326 household contacts, a secondary attack rate of 14.11% (95% CI 10.75-18.31), and 33 household contacts with acute infection symptoms without microbiologic confirmation 10.12% (95% CI 7.30-13.87). Considering all the cases, the secondary attack rate was 27.3 (95% CI 22.75-32.38). Risk factors were the gender and profession of the index case, the number of people living in the household, and the number of persons per bedroom. When the index case health worker used a single room, it had a protective effect, with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.493 (95% CI 0.246-0.985); Conclusions: The secondary attack rate found among household contacts of health care workers is high. The preventive isolation of health care workers in individual rooms in their house may reduce the transmission in their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miren Remón-Berrade
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (I.S.-A.); (M.P.G.-G.); (M.d.C.L.-B.)
| | - Sara Guillen-Aguinaga
- Azpilagaña Health Center, Navarra Health Service, 31006 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Isabel Sarrate-Adot
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (I.S.-A.); (M.P.G.-G.); (M.d.C.L.-B.)
| | - Maria Pilar Garcia-Garcia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (I.S.-A.); (M.P.G.-G.); (M.d.C.L.-B.)
| | - Maria del Carmen Lerga-Berruezo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (I.S.-A.); (M.P.G.-G.); (M.d.C.L.-B.)
| | | | - Francisco Guillen-Grima
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (I.S.-A.); (M.P.G.-G.); (M.d.C.L.-B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Polastri M, Swol J, Loforte A, Dell'Amore A. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and rehabilitation in patients with COVID-19: A scoping review. Artif Organs 2021; 46:30-39. [PMID: 34778984 PMCID: PMC8652633 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose The coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic posed severe difficulties in managing critically ill patients in hospital care settings. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support has been proven to be lifesaving support during the SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak. The purpose of this review was to describe the rehabilitative treatments provided to patients undergoing ECMO support during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods We searched PubMed and Scopus for English‐language studies published from the databases’ inception until June 30, 2021. We excluded editorials, letters to the editor, and studies that did not describe rehabilitative procedures during ECMO support. We also excluded those articles not written in English. Results A total of 50 articles were identified. We ultimately included nine studies, seven of which were case reports. Only two studies had more than one patient; an observational design analyzing the clinical course of 19 patients and a case series of three patients. Extracorporeal support duration varied from 9 to 49 days, and the primary indication was acute respiratory distress syndrome COVID‐19‐related. Rehabilitative treatment mainly consisted of in‐bed mobilization, postural transfers (including sitting), and respiratory exercises. After hospital discharge, patients were referred to rehabilitation facilities. Physiotherapeutic interventions provided during ECMO support and after its discontinuation were feasible and safe. Conclusion The physiotherapeutic treatment of patients undergoing ECMO support includes several components and must be provided in a multidisciplinary context. The optimal approach depends on the patient’s status, including sedation, level of consciousness, ECMO configuration, types of cannulas, and cannulation site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Polastri
- Department of Continuity of Care and Disability, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, St. Orsola University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Justyna Swol
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Sleep Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University General Hospital, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Antonio Loforte
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Diseases, Cardiac Surgery and Transplantation, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, St. Orsola University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Dell'Amore
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|