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Boulanger B, Bégin C, Bédard A, Lévy-Ndejuru J, Carbonneau É, Lemieux S. A latent profile analysis based on diet quality and eating behaviours in participants of the PREDISE study characterized by a higher BMI. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:966-978. [PMID: 38527328 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify eating-related latent profiles based on diet quality and eating behaviours within a population characterized by a body mass index (BMI) of at least 25 kg/m2, and to compare metabolic variables between profiles. This analysis was conducted in a sample of 614 adults (45.6% women; 44.8 ± 12.9 years) from the cross-sectional PREDISE study. Participants completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, the Intuitive Eating Scale-2, the Regulation of Eating Behavior Scale, and three self-administered 24 h food recalls. Waist circumference, blood lipids, blood pressure, and fasting glucose were measured to identify carriers of the metabolic syndrome. A latent profile analysis was performed, and cases of metabolic syndrome were compared between profiles. A three-profile solution was found. Profile 1 (22.8%) was characterized by lower diet quality, lower self-determined motivation for eating, lower restraint, and higher intuitive eating. Profile 2 (44.5%) was characterized by higher diet quality, higher self-determined motivation for eating, higher restraint, lower disinhibition, and higher intuitive eating. Profile 3 (32.7%) was characterized by intermediate diet quality, higher non-self-determined motivation for eating, higher restraint and disinhibition, and lower intuitive eating. We found fewer cases of metabolic syndrome among participants in profile 2 than in the other profiles (p = 0.0001). This study suggests that a profile characterized by a lower disinhibition and higher levels of restraint, intuitive eating, self-determined motivation, and diet quality is associated with a better metabolic health among individuals with a higher BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Boulanger
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Catherine Bégin
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Alexandra Bédard
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Julia Lévy-Ndejuru
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Élise Carbonneau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Kikuchi JLD, Carvalhal MMDL, Inete MB, Souza YDDES, Moraes TM, Costa RLV, Gabbay RD, Paracampo CCP, Gomes DL. Emotional Eating and Uncontrolled Eating as Risk Predictors for Disordered Eating Attitudes in Candidates for Bariatric Surgery Treated at a Public Hospital in the Amazon. Nutrients 2024; 16:1600. [PMID: 38892533 PMCID: PMC11174724 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes the eating behavior and factors associated with the presence of disordered eating attitudes in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study conducted at a hospital in the Amazon region of Brazil. The Disordered Eating Attitude Scale reduced version (DEAS-s) was used to assess the risk of eating disorders and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21) was used to characterize eating behavior. A total of 205 patients participated, with a mean age of 37.5 ± 8.6 years. The majority of participants were female (93.7%; p < 0.001), and the mean BMI was 45.3 ± 6.7 kg/m2. It was found that cognitive restraint had the highest mean (52.6 ± 19.9; p < 0.001). As for the DEAS-s, the question with the highest mean response was "spending one or more days without eating or consuming only liquids to lose weight" (2.80 ± 1.99). Female participants had a higher score for emotional eating (p = 0.016). Disordered eating attitudes showed a correlation with emotional eating and uncontrolled eating. These results suggest that candidates for bariatric surgery may have susceptibility to eating disorders. The importance of a multidisciplinary team conducting monitoring during the preoperative period is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeane Lorena Dias Kikuchi
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Behavior Theory and Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Millena Borges Inete
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Behavior Theory and Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Tainá Martins Moraes
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Behavior Theory and Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Lorena Viana Costa
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Behavior Theory and Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Rafaelle Dias Gabbay
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Behavior Theory and Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristina Paiva Paracampo
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Behavior Theory and Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Daniela Lopes Gomes
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Behavior Theory and Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
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Kikuchi JLD, Carvalhal MMDL, de Castro MM, Vieira Lourenço-Costa V, dos Santos CAR, Cunha FS, Paracampo CCP, Gomes DL. Factors associated with grazing behavior in candidates for bariatric surgery at a hospital in the Amazon. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1227214. [PMID: 38174082 PMCID: PMC10763686 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1227214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Blackground To assess grazing behavior and associated factors in candidates for bariatric surgery monitored at a public hospital that is a reference in the care of people with severe obesity. Methods Cross-sectional analytical study, with candidates for bariatric surgery of both genders, treated in a public hospital in the Amazon. To assess grazing behavior, the Repetitive Eating Questionnaire was used, and to investigate patterns of eating behavior, the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire was used, which assesses: Emotional Eating, Cognitive Restriction and Uncontrolled Eating. Sociodemographic information was obtained through self-report and the description of medication use through the medical record. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated by measuring weight and height. The SPSS program, v. 21.0 was used. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results A total of 205 participants were evaluated, with a mean age of 37.5 ± 8.6 years, the majority (93.7%) being women and the majority (59.5%) was not also using medication to lose weight. About 66.3% of the participants had compulsive grazing. The factor with the highest score was cognitive restriction (p < 0.001). Individuals who used weight loss drugs had higher scores in the cognitive restriction factor (p = 0.015) and lower scores for uncontrolled eating (p = 0.008), compulsive grazing (p = 0.021) and non-compulsive grazing (p = 0.034). Conclusion Linear regression showed that emotional eating and uncontrolled eating were predictors of both compulsive grazing and non-compulsive grazing behavior. It was observed that grazing behavior, cognitive restriction, emotional eating and uncontrolled eating are present and correlated in the studied patients. In addition, the use of weight loss drugs seems to help reduce dysfunctional eating behaviors in patients with severe obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeane Lorena Dias Kikuchi
- Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Center for Theory and Research of Behavior, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carla Cristina Paiva Paracampo
- Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Center for Theory and Research of Behavior, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Daniela Lopes Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Center for Theory and Research of Behavior, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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Kusinski LC, Tobolska P, Jones DL, Atta N, Turner EH, Lewis HB, Oude Griep LM, Gribble FM, Meek CL. Towards Novel Nutritional Strategies in Gestational Diabetes: Eating Behaviour and Obesity in Women with Gestational Diabetes Compared with Non-Pregnant Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:4141. [PMID: 37836424 PMCID: PMC10574012 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes is associated with increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Effective nutritional strategies are needed to reduce BMI and improve long-term maternal cardiometabolic health, but the relative contribution of maternal eating behaviour, a potential barrier to dietary change, has not been explored. We compared eating behaviour in women with gestational diabetes with that of men and non-pregnant women with comparable risk factors, and tested associations between eating behaviour traits and BMI in women with gestational diabetes. We hypothesized that eating behaviour would be unfavourable in gestational diabetes and would be associated with BMI. METHODS Participants (n = 417) including 53 men, 164 non-pregnant women and 200 women with gestational diabetes (singleton pregnancy; 29 weeks' gestation) were recruited into three prospective studies assessing weight loss interventions, with similar entry criteria. The three-factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ-R18) assessed uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and cognitive restraint at study enrolment. Associations between BMI at study enrolment and TFEQ-R18 (% maximum score) were assessed using linear regression. RESULTS Women with gestational diabetes had significantly lower uncontrolled eating scores vs. men (53% vs. 65%; p < 0.001) and non-pregnant women (53% vs. 66%; p < 0.001), lower emotional eating scores vs. non-pregnant women (60% vs. 71%; p < 0.001) and higher cognitive restraint (p < 0.001 vs. men and non-pregnant women). In women with gestational diabetes, emotional eating scores were positively associated with BMI at study enrolment (beta coefficient 7.8 (95% CI 3.9 to 11.7), p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Women with gestational diabetes have favourable eating behaviour compared with other population groups. Because BMI at study enrolment was associated with emotional eating, nutritional strategies which reduce emotional eating may provide new opportunities to improve long-term maternal health after gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Kusinski
- Wellcome-Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (L.C.K.); (P.T.); (D.L.J.); (N.A.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Patrycja Tobolska
- Wellcome-Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (L.C.K.); (P.T.); (D.L.J.); (N.A.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Danielle L. Jones
- Wellcome-Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (L.C.K.); (P.T.); (D.L.J.); (N.A.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Nooria Atta
- Wellcome-Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (L.C.K.); (P.T.); (D.L.J.); (N.A.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Elizabeth H. Turner
- Wellcome-Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (L.C.K.); (P.T.); (D.L.J.); (N.A.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Hannah B. Lewis
- Wellcome-Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (L.C.K.); (P.T.); (D.L.J.); (N.A.); (E.H.T.)
| | | | - Fiona M. Gribble
- Wellcome-Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (L.C.K.); (P.T.); (D.L.J.); (N.A.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Claire L. Meek
- Wellcome-Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (L.C.K.); (P.T.); (D.L.J.); (N.A.); (E.H.T.)
- Cambridge Universities NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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