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Jassinskaja M, Ghosh S, Watral J, Davoudi M, Claesson Stern M, Daher U, Eldeeb M, Zhang Q, Bryder D, Hansson J. A complex interplay of intra- and extracellular factors regulates the outcome of fetal- and adult-derived MLL-rearranged leukemia. Leukemia 2024; 38:1115-1130. [PMID: 38555405 PMCID: PMC11073998 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Infant and adult MLL1/KMT2A-rearranged (MLLr) leukemia represents a disease with a dismal prognosis. Here, we present a functional and proteomic characterization of in utero-initiated and adult-onset MLLr leukemia. We reveal that fetal MLL::ENL-expressing lymphomyeloid multipotent progenitors (LMPPs) are intrinsically programmed towards a lymphoid fate but give rise to myeloid leukemia in vivo, highlighting a complex interplay of intra- and extracellular factors in determining disease subtype. We characterize early proteomic events of MLL::ENL-mediated transformation in fetal and adult blood progenitors and reveal that whereas adult pre-leukemic cells are mainly characterized by retained myeloid features and downregulation of ribosomal and metabolic proteins, expression of MLL::ENL in fetal LMPPs leads to enrichment of translation-associated and histone deacetylases signaling proteins, and decreased expression of inflammation and myeloid differentiation proteins. Integrating the proteome of pre-leukemic cells with their secretome and the proteomic composition of the extracellular environment of normal progenitors highlights differential regulation of Igf2 bioavailability, as well as of VLA-4 dimer and its ligandome, upon initiation of fetal- and adult-origin leukemia, with implications for human MLLr leukemia cells' ability to communicate with their environment through granule proteins. Our study has uncovered opportunities for targeting ontogeny-specific proteomic vulnerabilities in in utero-initiated and adult-onset MLLr leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jassinskaja
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, YO10 5DD, York, UK
| | - Sudip Ghosh
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joanna Watral
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mina Davoudi
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Melina Claesson Stern
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ugarit Daher
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mohamed Eldeeb
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Qinyu Zhang
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Bryder
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hansson
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden.
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Lin J, Zhan L, Chen Z, Lin X, Zhu R. The effect of SGLT2i on the GH/IGF1 axis in newly diagnosed male T2D patients - a prospective, randomized case-control study. Endocrine 2024; 84:203-212. [PMID: 38168834 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of SGLT2i on the GH/IGF1 axis in male patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Sixty male patients with newly diagnosed T2D were recruited, and randomly assigned to Metformin+SGLT2i group or Metformin group after baseline assessment. All patients received standard lifestyle interventions, and blood indices were obtained before and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS After 12 weeks of treatment with Metformin+SGLT2i, there were noteworthy improvements in patients' FPG (Fasting plasma glucose), HBA1c, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, TyG (Triglyceride-glucose) index and UACR (P < 0.05). Both IGF1 (P = 0.01) and the IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio (P < 0.01) considerably increased, while GH and IGFBP3 did not show significant changes. When comparing Metformin+SGLT2i group to Metformin group, SGLT2i significantly improved HOMA-IR [P = 0.04], and elevated IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio [P = 0.04], SGLT2i showed a tendency of increasing IGF1 (P = 0.10), but this was not statistically meaningful. There was no effect on GH and IGFBP3. Correlation analysis showed that blood IGF1 was negatively correlated with FPG, HBA1c, HOMA-IR, TyG index and positively correlated with IGFBP3. Regression analysis indicated that FPG and testosterone had a negative effect on blood IGF1 level, while HOMA-IR had no obvious effect. CONCLUSION In male patients with newly diagnosed T2D, SGLT2i can increase IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio, alleviate insulin resistance, but has no significant effect on GH and IGF1 levels. Additionally, our study showed that Metformin+SGLT2i treatment resulted in an increase in blood IGF1 levels and improved insulin resistance, suggesting a potentially beneficial role of IGF1 in newly diagnosed T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The 95th Hospital of Putian, Putian, Fujian, 351100, P.R. China
| | - Liqin Zhan
- Department of Endocrinology, The 95th Hospital of Putian, Putian, Fujian, 351100, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The 95th Hospital of Putian, Putian, Fujian, 351100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaying Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The 95th Hospital of Putian, Putian, Fujian, 351100, P.R. China
| | - Rongfeng Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The 95th Hospital of Putian, Putian, Fujian, 351100, P.R. China.
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El-Sheikh MM, Aziz MM, Abdelrahman SSM, Mohmad MAEH. The protective effect of crocin against testicular toxicity induced by ionizing radiation via AKT/FOXO pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2981-2992. [PMID: 37615252 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Crocin, a pharmacologically active component of Crocus sativus L. (saffron), has been informed to be beneficial in the treatment of stress-related oxidative impairment. In the present study, we examined the protective role of crocin against testicular damage induced by radiation (acute and fractionated) and the alteration of the AKT/FOXO signaling pathway. Male Wister albino rats were exposed to acute dose of 6 Gy and a fractionated dose of gamma radiation (2 Gy every 2 days up to 6 Gy total doses). Rats were pretreated intraperitoneally with crocin in a dose of 50 mg/kg for seven consecutive days prior to exposure to irradiation at a level of 6 Gy and during the fractionated irradiation of rats. Control groups were run concurrently. Ionizing radiation caused changes in the level of oxidative stress biomarkers manifested as elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, total nitrate/nitrite and reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with a decrease in catalase as well as in the level of inflammatory parameters (decrease in expression of Nrf2 which was related to a significant increase in expression of NF-κB p65). Irradiation produced cellular damage characterized by an increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase. These findings were aligned with increased expression of the forkhead box O-1 (FOXO-1) and activation of protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. Irradiation of rats led to reduction in serum testosterone level and testicular weights. Pretreatment with the indicated dose of crocin shielded against the changes in all the evaluated parameters. Administration of crocin can be introduced as a novel preclinical approach for regulation of testicular damage induced by radiation; via controlling the ongoing oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction as well as activation FOXO/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M El-Sheikh
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha M Aziz
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar S M Abdelrahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Abd El Hameed Mohmad
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Jakl V, Popp T, Haupt J, Port M, Roesler R, Wiese S, Friemert B, Rojewski MT, Schrezenmeier H. Effect of Expansion Media on Functional Characteristics of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2105. [PMID: 37626914 PMCID: PMC10453497 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been shown to rely on their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. In order to obtain sufficient numbers of cells for clinical applications, MSCs have to be expanded ex vivo. Expansion media with xenogeneic-free (XF) growth-promoting supplements like human platelet lysate (PL) or serum- and xenogeneic-free (SF/XF) formulations have been established as safe and efficient, and both groups provide different beneficial qualities. In this study, MSCs were expanded in XF or SF/XF media as well as in mixtures thereof. MSCs cultured in these media were analyzed for phenotypic and functional properties. MSC expansion was optimal with SF/XF conditions when PL was present. Metabolic patterns, consumption of growth factors, and secretome of MSCs differed depending on the type and concentration of supplement. The lactate per glucose yield increased along with a higher proportion of PL. Many factors in the supernatant of cultured MSCs showed distinct patterns depending on the supplement (e.g., FGF-2, TGFβ, and insulin only in PL-expanded MSC, and leptin, sCD40L PDGF-AA only in SF/XF-expanded MSC). This also resulted in changes in cell characteristics like migratory potential. These findings support current approaches where growth media may be utilized for priming MSCs for specific therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Jakl
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (V.J.)
| | - Tanja Popp
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, 80937 Munich, Germany (J.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Julian Haupt
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, 80937 Munich, Germany (J.H.); (M.P.)
- Clinic for Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Army Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, 80937 Munich, Germany (J.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Reinhild Roesler
- Core Unit of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.R.); (S.W.)
| | - Sebastian Wiese
- Core Unit of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.R.); (S.W.)
| | - Benedikt Friemert
- Clinic for Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Army Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus T. Rojewski
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (V.J.)
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessia and University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Hubert Schrezenmeier
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (V.J.)
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessia and University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Bertagnoli LE, Seist R, Batts S, Stankovic KM. Potential Ototoxicity of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Signaling Inhibitors: An In Silico Drug Repurposing Study of the Regenerating Cochlear Neuron Transcriptome. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103485. [PMID: 37240591 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) connect cochlear hair cells with higher auditory pathways and their degeneration due to drug toxicity (ototoxicity) contributes to hearing loss. This study aimed to identify drug classes that are negatively correlated with the transcriptome of regenerating SGNs. Human orthologs of differentially expressed genes within the regenerating neonatal mouse SGN transcriptome were entered into CMap and the LINCS unified environment and perturbation-driven gene expression was analyzed. The CMap connectivity scores ranged from 100 (positive correlation) to -100 (negative correlation). Insulin-like growth factor 1/receptor (IGF-1/R) inhibitors were highly negatively correlated with the regenerating SGN transcriptome (connectivity score: -98.87). A systematic literature review of clinical trials and observational studies reporting otologic adverse events (AEs) with IGF-1/R inhibitors identified 108 reports (6141 treated patients). Overall, 16.9% of the treated patients experienced any otologic AE; the rate was highest for teprotumumab (42.9%). In a meta-analysis of two randomized placebo-controlled trials of teprotumumab, there was a significantly higher risk of hearing-related (pooled Peto OR [95% CI]: 7.95 [1.57, 40.17]) and of any otologic AEs (3.56 [1.35, 9.43]) with teprotumumab vs. a placebo, whether or not dizziness/vertigo AEs were included. These results call for close audiological monitoring during IGF-1-targeted treatment, with prompt referral to an otolaryngologist should otologic AEs develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lino E Bertagnoli
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Seist
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Shelley Batts
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Characterization of IGF2R Molecular Expression in Canine Osteosarcoma as Part of a Novel Comparative Oncology Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031867. [PMID: 36768202 PMCID: PMC9916217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in prognostic factors, treatments, and outcome for both canine and human osteosarcoma (OS) has been minimal over the last three decades. Surface overexpression of the cation independent mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor receptor type 2 (IGF2R) has been proven to occur in human OS cells. Subsequently, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) targeting IGF2R has demonstrated promising preliminary results. The main aims of this study were to investigate the expression of IGF2R in spontaneously occurring canine OS cells using immunohistochemistry (IHC) on archived biopsy samples and to assess its prognostic significance. Thirty-four dogs were included in the study. All cases showed that 80-100% of OS cells stained positive for IGF2R. IGF2R overexpression alone was not shown to have prognostic significance using both visual and quantitative methods of IHC staining intensity. This study has established for the first time the consistent expression of IGF2R in spontaneously occurring canine OS. This comparative oncology approach will allow further investigation into RIT as a novel treatment modality; first in canines and then in humans with OS. In addition, further studies should be performed to assess the true prognostic significance of IGF2R overexpression.
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Kumar D, Das M, Oberg A, Sahoo D, Wu P, Sauceda C, Jih L, Ellies LG, Langiewicz MT, Sen S, Webster NJG. Hepatocyte Deletion of IGF2 Prevents DNA Damage and Tumor Formation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105120. [PMID: 35615981 PMCID: PMC9313545 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Serine-arginine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) plays a critical role in hepatocyte function and its loss in mice promotes chronic liver damage and leads to HCC. Hepatocyte-specific SRSF3 knockout mice (SKO mice) also overexpress insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2). In the present study, double deletion of Igf2 and Srsf3 (DKO mice) prevents hepatic fibrosis and inflammation, and completely prevents tumor formation, and is associated with decreased proliferation, apoptosis and DNA damage, and restored DNA repair enzyme expression. This is confirmed in vitro, where IGF2 treatment of HepG2 hepatoma cells decreases DNA repair enzyme expression and causes DNA damage. Tumors from the SKO mice also show mutational signatures consistent with homologous recombination and mismatch repair defects. Analysis of frozen human samples shows that SRSF3 protein is decreased sixfold in HCC compared to normal liver tissue but SRSF3 mRNA is increased. Looking at public TCGA data, HCC patients having high SRSF3 mRNA expression show poor survival, as do patients with alterations in known SRSF3-dependent splicing events. The results indicate that IGF2 overexpression in conjunction with reduced SRSF3 splicing activity could be a major cause of DNA damage and driver of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Manasi Das
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Alexis Oberg
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- Division of Genome Information Sciences, Department of PediatricsUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Panyisha Wu
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Lily Jih
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Lesley G. Ellies
- Division of Cancer Biology Research, Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Magda T. Langiewicz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Supriya Sen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Nicholas J. G. Webster
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
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Application of Proteogenomics to Urine Analysis towards the Identification of Novel Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer: An Exploratory Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082001. [PMID: 35454907 PMCID: PMC9031064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers. Due to the limited and invasive approaches for PCa diagnosis, it is crucial to identify more accurate and non-invasive biomarkers for its detection. The aim of our study was to non-invasively uncover new protein targets for detecting PCa using a proteomics and proteogenomics approach. This work identified several dysregulated mutant protein isoforms in urine from PCa patients, some of them predicted to have a protective or an adverse role in these patients. These results are promising given urine’s non-invasive nature and offers an auspicious opportunity for research and development of PCa biomarkers. Abstract To identify new protein targets for PCa detection, first, a shotgun discovery experiment was performed to characterize the urinary proteome of PCa patients. This revealed 18 differentially abundant urinary proteins in PCa patients. Second, selected targets were clinically tested by immunoblot, and the soluble E-cadherin fragment was detected for the first time in the urine of PCa patients. Third, the proteogenome landscape of these PCa patients was characterized, revealing 1665 mutant protein isoforms. Statistical analysis revealed 6 differentially abundant mutant protein isoforms in PCa patients. Analysis of the likely effects of mutations on protein function and PPIs involving the dysregulated mutant protein isoforms suggests a protective role of mutations HSPG2*Q1062H and VASN*R161Q and an adverse role of AMBP*A286G and CD55*S162L in PCa patients. This work originally characterized the urinary proteome, focusing on the proteogenome profile of PCa patients, which is usually overlooked in the analysis of PCa and body fluids. Combined analysis of mass spectrometry data using two different software packages was performed for the first time in the context of PCa, which increased the robustness of the data analysis. The application of proteogenomics to urine proteomic analysis can be very enriching in mutation-related diseases such as cancer.
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Barone I, Caruso A, Gelsomino L, Giordano C, Bonofiglio D, Catalano S, Andò S. Obesity and endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer: Mechanistic insights and perspectives. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13358. [PMID: 34559450 PMCID: PMC9285685 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of obesity, a recognized risk factor for various metabolic and chronic diseases, including numerous types of cancers, has risen dramatically over the recent decades worldwide. To date, convincing research in this area has painted a complex picture about the adverse impact of high body adiposity on breast cancer onset and progression. However, an emerging but overlooked issue of clinical significance is the limited efficacy of the conventional endocrine therapies with selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) or degraders (SERDs) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) in patients affected by breast cancer and obesity. The mechanisms behind the interplay between obesity and endocrine therapy resistance are likely to be multifactorial. Therefore, what have we actually learned during these years and which are the main challenges in the field? In this review, we will critically discuss the epidemiological evidence linking obesity to endocrine therapeutic responses and we will outline the molecular players involved in this harmful connection. Given the escalating global epidemic of obesity, advances in understanding this critical node will offer new precision medicine-based therapeutic interventions and more appropriate dosing schedule for treating patients affected by obesity and with breast tumors resistant to endocrine therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Amanda Caruso
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
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Adachi Y, Nojima M, Mori M, Himori R, Kubo T, Akutsu N, Lin Y, Kurozawa Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 and Incidence of Liver Cancer in a Nested Case-Control Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:2130-2135. [PMID: 34497090 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)2 is a potent mitogen. To elucidate the relationship between IGF2 and risk of tumorigenesis, we analyzed associations between serum levels of IGF2 and incidence of liver cancer in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort study. METHODS A baseline survey was conducted from 1988 using blood samples from 39,242 subjects. Those who had been diagnosed with liver cancer by 1997 were regarded as cases. For each case, we randomly selected two or three controls matched for sex, age, and residential area. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs for cancer incidence associated with IGF2. RESULTS This analysis included 86 cases and 294 controls. Low IGF2 was associated with risk of future liver cancer (P trend <0.001). After controlling for alcohol intake, body mass index, smoking, hepatitis viral infection, IGF1, and IGF-binding protein-3, participants with low IGF2 displayed a higher risk of liver cancer (P trend < 0.001). Individuals in quintiles 2 to 5 showed lower risk compared with quintile 1 (OR range, 0.05-0.16). In both sexes and in both nonelderly and elderly groups, subjects in the lowest quintiles showed higher risks of liver cancer. Limiting subjects to those followed for 3 years, low IGF2 was associated with cancer risk (P trend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that low serum IGF2 level, especially below 460 ng/mL, is related to future risk of liver cancer. IMPACT Our findings highlight this important biomarker for further analysis in large prospective cohorts and pooled investigation with other cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Adachi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Nojima
- The Institute of Medical Science Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mori
- Hokkaido Chitose College of Rehabilitation, Chitose, Japan
| | - Ryogo Himori
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kubo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Akutsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Youichi Kurozawa
- Division of Health Administration and Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Andrade MJ, Van Lonkhuyzen DR, Upton Z, Satyamoorthy K. RPA facilitates rescue of keratinocytes from UVB radiation damage through insulin-like growth factor-I signalling. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs255786. [PMID: 34137442 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
UVBR-induced photolesions in genomic DNA of keratinocytes impair cellular functions and potentially determine the cell fate post-irradiation. The ability of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) to rescue epidermal keratinocytes after photodamage via apoptosis prevention and photolesion removal was recently demonstrated using in vitro two-dimensional and three-dimensional skin models. Given the limited knowledge of specific signalling cascades contributing to post-UVBR IGF-I effects, we used inhibitors to investigate the impact of blockade of various signalling mediators on IGF-I photoprotection. IGF-I treatment, in the presence of signalling inhibitors, particularly TDRL-505, which targets replication protein A (RPA), impaired activation of IGF-1R downstream signalling, diminished cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer removal, arrested growth, reduced cell survival and increased apoptosis. Further, the transient partial knockdown of RPA was found to abrogate IGF-I-mediated responses in keratinocytes, ultimately affecting photoprotection and, thereby, establishing that RPA is required for IGF-I function. Our findings thus elucidate the importance of RPA in linking the damage response activation, cell cycle regulation, repair and survival pathways, separately initiated by IGF-I upon UVBR-induced damage. This information is potentially imperative for the development of effective sunburn and photodamage repair strategies. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa J Andrade
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Derek R Van Lonkhuyzen
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Zee Upton
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore138648
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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12
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Tunç BS, Toprak F, Toprak SF, Sozer S. In vitro investigation of growth factors including MGF and IGF-1 in neural stem cell activation, proliferation, and migration. Brain Res 2021; 1759:147366. [PMID: 33607046 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Neurogenesis is mainly activated after damage in adult tissues. This destruction activates the neural stem cells (NSCs) by exiting from a quiescent state and initiating proliferation, differentiation, and migration towards the damaged area. Although studies have investigated to clarify the process of NSC biology and neurogenesis, there are still significant artifacts in understanding the primary mechanism. It is known that only a small percentage of NSC become neurons and integrate into the brain tissue after this process. The significant proportion differentiates to become either astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, the quiescent stem cells in the niche are mainly activated by the stimuli affect. In recent years, many studies have been conducted with varying hormones, some of which might provide neuro-stimulation effect and/or involved in the regeneration of the brain tissue and/or neuroprotection from traumatic or ischemic pathologies, including Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), Mechano Growth Factor (MGF), Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF-2), Erythropoietin (EPO), Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). In this study, we examined the effects of FGF-2, MGF, IGF-1, EPO, EGF, NGF, and BDNF alone or with various combinations on rat hippocampal NSC by tracking the changes in the expression of Nestin, GFAP, TUBB3, and DCX genes during 24 h (h), 72 h and 168 h time frame. The apoptosis analysis revealed that FGF-2 and FGF-2 coupled growth factors effectively protect NSCs against apoptosis, whereas MGF coupled growth factors failed in this protection. The cell cycle analysis demonstrated that these growth factors had accumulated the NSCs exit from the quiescent phase to the Mitosis phase, mostly without being long in the Synthesis Phase. Neurosphere sizes were increased with MGF, signifying MGF being effective in neural progenitor cells. The combined use of MGF with FGF-2 was more effective in postmitotic neurons than MGF alone. We have comparatively demonstrated the effect of cytokines alone and combined administration on activation, proliferation, and migration of NSCs. Although many issues are still waiting to be investigated in adult neurogenesis, neural regeneration, and adult neural stem cell biology, the results provide vital resources to the researchers that are interested in the varying effect of growth factor on NSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Sarya Tunç
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Toprak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Fulya Toprak
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Sozer
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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13
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Lima T, Henrique R, Vitorino R, Fardilha M. Bioinformatic analysis of dysregulated proteins in prostate cancer patients reveals putative urinary biomarkers and key biological pathways. Med Oncol 2021; 38:9. [PMID: 33452612 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01461-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancer types among men. The quantification of prostate-specific antigen used for PCa detection has revealed limited applicability. Thus, it is crucial to identify new minimally invasive biomarkers for PCa. It is believed that the integration of proteomics data from different studies is vital for identifying new biomarkers for PCa, but studies carried out in this regard have few converging results. Using a different approach, this study aimed to unveil molecular features consistently dysregulated in PCa and potential urinary biomarkers for PCa. The novelty of this analysis relies on the comparison of urinary and tissue proteomes from PCa patients and consequent exclusion of kidney and bladder cancer interference. The conducted bioinformatic analysis revealed molecular processes dysregulated in urine from PCa patients that mirror the alterations in prostate tumor tissue. To identify putative urinary biomarkers, proteins previously detected in kidney and bladder tissues were eliminated from the final list of potential urinary biomarkers for PCa. After a detailed analysis, MSMB, KLK3, ITIH4, ITIH2, HPX, GP2, APOA2 and AZU1 proteins stood out as candidate urinary biomarkers for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Lima
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (GEBC CI-IPOP) and Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (GEBC CI-IPOP) and Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPOP), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-513, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- UnIC, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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14
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Liu L, He J, Liu C, Yang M, Fu J, Yi J, Ai X, Liu M, Zhuang Y, Zhang Y, Huang B, Li C, Zhou Y, Feng C. Cartilage intermediate layer protein affects the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating the extracellular microenvironment (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 47:475-484. [PMID: 33416131 PMCID: PMC7797476 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), which is caused by multiple factors, affects the health of individuals and contributes to low back pain. The pathology of IDD is complicated, and changes in the extracellular microenvironment play an important role in promoting the process of degeneration. Cartilage intermediate layer protein (CILP) is a matrix protein that resides in the middle of human articular cartilage and is involved in numerous diseases that affect cartilage. However, there is no detailed review of the relationship between CILP and degenerative disc disease. Growing evidence has revealed the presence of CILP in the extracellular microenvironment of intervertebral discs (IVDs) and has suggested that there is a gradual increase in CILP in degenerative discs. Specifically, CILP plays an important role in regulating the metabolism of the extracellular matrix (ECM), an important component of the extracellular microenvironment. CILP can combine with transforming growth factor-β or insulin-like growth factor-1 to regulate the ECM synthesis of IVDs and influence the balance of ECM metabolism, which leads to changes in the extracellular microenvironment to promote the process of IDD. It may be possible to show the correlation of CILP with IDD and to target CILP to interfere with IDD. For this purpose, in the present study, the current knowledge on CILP was summarized and a detailed description of CILP in discs was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libangxi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jinyue He
- Department of Orthopedics, Xi'nan Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jiawei Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jiarong Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Xuezheng Ai
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Chencheng Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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15
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Ferreira Mendes JM, de Faro Valverde L, Torres Andion Vidal M, Paredes BD, Coelho P, Allahdadi KJ, Coletta RD, Souza BSDF, Rocha CAG. Effects of IGF-1 on Proliferation, Angiogenesis, Tumor Stem Cell Populations and Activation of AKT and Hedgehog Pathways in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6487. [PMID: 32899449 PMCID: PMC7555130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway controls most hallmarks of cancer, and the hedgehog (HH) pathway has been associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development and progression. We hypothesized that fibroblast-derived insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) acts in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells, leading to the non-canonical activation of the HH pathway, maintaining AKT activity and promoting tumor aggressiveness. (2) Methods: Primary fibroblasts (MF1) were genetically engineered for IGF-1 overexpression (MF1-IGF1) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated IGF1R silencing was performed in SCC-4 cells. SCC-4 cells were co-cultured with fibroblasts or incubated with fibroblast conditioned medium (CM) or rIGF-1 for functional assays and the evaluation of AKT and HH pathways. (3) Results: Gene expression analysis confirmed IGF-1 overexpression in MF1-IGF1 and the absence of IGF-1 expression in SCC-4, while elevated IGF1R expression was detected. IGF1R silencing was associated with decreased survival of SCC-4 cells. Ihh was expressed in both MF1 and MF1-IGF1, and increased levels of GLI1 mRNA were observed in SCC-4 after stimulation with CM-MF1. Activation of both PI3K-AKT and the HH pathway (GLI1, Ihh and SMO) were identified in SCC-4 cells cultured in the presence of MF1-IGF1-CM. rIGF-1 promoted tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumorsphere formation, whereas CM-MF1 significantly stimulated angiogenesis. (4) Conclusions: IGF-1 exerts pro-tumorigenic effects by stimulating SCC-4 cell proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness. AKT and HH pathways were activated by IGF-1 in SCC-4, reinforcing its influence on the regulation of these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Mariane Ferreira Mendes
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil; (J.M.F.M.); (L.d.F.V.); (M.T.A.V.); (P.C.)
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador, Bahia 41253-190, Brazil; (B.D.P.); (K.J.A.)
| | - Ludmila de Faro Valverde
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil; (J.M.F.M.); (L.d.F.V.); (M.T.A.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Manuela Torres Andion Vidal
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil; (J.M.F.M.); (L.d.F.V.); (M.T.A.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Bruno Diaz Paredes
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador, Bahia 41253-190, Brazil; (B.D.P.); (K.J.A.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Paulo Coelho
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil; (J.M.F.M.); (L.d.F.V.); (M.T.A.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Kyan James Allahdadi
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador, Bahia 41253-190, Brazil; (B.D.P.); (K.J.A.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Della Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil;
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil; (J.M.F.M.); (L.d.F.V.); (M.T.A.V.); (P.C.)
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador, Bahia 41253-190, Brazil; (B.D.P.); (K.J.A.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Araújo Gurgel Rocha
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil; (J.M.F.M.); (L.d.F.V.); (M.T.A.V.); (P.C.)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
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16
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Ben Elhadj M, Goucha A, Fourati A, Adouni O, Dhambri S, Hsairi M, El May MV, Mokni Baizig N. The Prognostic Significance of IGF-1R and the Predictive Risk Value of Circulating IGF-1 in Tunisian Patients with Laryngeal Carcinoma. Cancer Invest 2020; 38:289-299. [PMID: 32308049 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1758711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the clinical impact of IGF-1/IGF-1R in Tunisian laryngeal carcinoma. A high IGF-1R immunohistochemical expression was found in our series (81.43%). A tendency toward an association between IGF-1R expression and lymph node metastasis was found (p = 0.068). Patients with positive IGF-1R expression showed a short disease free survival (p = 0.053) and a high recurrence rate. Furthermore, circulating IGF-1 levels sera, detected by ELISA, were higher among patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). IGF-1R might have a prognostic significance and could be a factor of tumor recurrence. However, high levels of IGF-1 increase the risk of developing of LSCC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Ben Elhadj
- Departement of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunis, Tunisia.,Research unit 17/ES/13 Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aida Goucha
- Departement of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Asma Fourati
- Departement of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunis, Tunisia.,Research unit 17/ES/13 Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Adouni
- Departement of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sawsen Dhambri
- Departement of ORL, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hsairi
- Departement of Epidemiology, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Nehla Mokni Baizig
- Departement of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunis, Tunisia.,Research unit 17/ES/13 Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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17
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Adachi Y, Nojima M, Mori M, Himori R, Kubo T, Yamano HO, Lin Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A. Insulin-like Growth Factor-1, Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 and the Incidence of Malignant Neoplasms in a Nested Case–Control Study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:385-394. [PMID: 31996369 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Flüh C, Mafael V, Adamski V, Synowitz M, Held-Feindt J. Dormancy and NKG2D system in brain metastases: Analysis of immunogenicity. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:298-314. [PMID: 31894267 PMCID: PMC6984787 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with breast cancer (BC) and lung cancer (LC) are prone to developing brain metastases, which are associated with devastating prognoses. Dormant tumor cells, a population of non-apoptotic quiescent cells and immunological escape mechanisms, including the Natural Killer Group 2 member D (NKG2D) receptor-ligand system, represent potential mechanisms of tumor recurrence. To date, the immunological characteristics of dormant tumor cells concerning the NKG2D system in cerebral malignancies are mostly unknown. In the present study, an extensive characterization of dormant and NKG2D ligand (NKG2DL)+ cells in cerebral metastases was performed. The expression profiles and localization patterns of various NKG2DL and several dormancy markers were analyzed in solid human brain metastases from patients with BC and LC using immunostaining and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test and Bravais-Pearson correlation analysis. Not only 'peripheral', but also 'central' dormancy markers, which had been previously described in primary brain tumors, were identified in all cerebral metastases at detectable levels at protein and mRNA levels. Notably, the majority of NKG2DL+ cells were also positive for 'central' dormancy markers, but not 'peripheral' dormancy markers in both patient groups. This cell population may represent a promising future therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Flüh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Victor Mafael
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Vivian Adamski
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Janka Held-Feindt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
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19
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Adachi Y, Nojima M, Mori M, Kubo T, Yamano HO, Lin Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A. Circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and risk of gastrointestinal malignant tumors. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:2104-2111. [PMID: 31158304 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) is a potent mitogen and is inhibited by IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3). High serum IGF1 and low IGFBP3 are associated with increased risk of several carcinomas. Here, we assessed the relationship of these peptides with the risk of gastrointestinal malignancies, in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. METHODS The analysis involved 916 cases who had been diagnosed as gastrointestinal malignancies (C15-25) and 2306 controls. To estimate odds ratios for incidence of malignancies associated with these levels, a conditional logistic model was used. RESULTS Both higher total and free IGFBP3 were associated with a decreased risk of tumor (P for trend < 0.001 and = 0.003, respectively). People in the second to fifth quintiles had lower risk compared to the first quintile (odds ratios ranged 0.532-0.650 and 0.582-0.725, respectively). After adjustment for IGF1, body mass index, drinking, and smoking, total IGFBP3 was inversely correlated with cancer risk (P for trend = 0.031). After adjustment, free IGFBP3 was inversely associated with the risk (P for trend = 0.007). Although total IGF1 was inversely correlated with tumor risk, it was not after controlling for IGFBP3 (P for trend = 0.007 and 0.589, respectively). Free IGF1 was not associated with the risk (P for trend = 0.361). Limiting subjects to those followed for over 3 years reinforced the inverted relationships of total and free IGFBP3 with risk for tumors (P for trend = 0.005 and 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSION Both total and free IGFBP3 may be inversely associated with the incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Adachi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Nojima
- The Institute of Medical Science Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mori
- Hokkaido Chitose College of Rehabilitation, Chitose, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kubo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiro-O Yamano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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20
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The molecular mechanisms underlying reduced E-cadherin expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: high throughput analysis of large cohorts. Mod Pathol 2019; 32:967-976. [PMID: 30760857 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-019-0209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin is a tumor suppressor gene in invasive lobular breast cancer. However, a proportion of high-grade ductal carcinoma shows reduced/loss of E-cadherin. In this study, we assessed the underlying mechanisms and molecular implications of E-cadherin loss in invasive ductal carcinoma. This study used large, well-characterized cohorts of early-stage breast cancer-evaluated E-cadherin expression via various platforms including immunohistochemistry, microarray analysis using Illumina HT-12 v3, copy number analysis using Affymetrix SNP 6.0 arrays, and next-generation sequencing for differential gene expression. Our results showed 27% of high-grade invasive ductal carcinoma showed reduced/loss of E-cadherin membranous expression. CDH1 copy number loss was in 21% of invasive ductal carcinoma, which also showed low CDH1 mRNA expression (p = 0.003). CDH1 copy number was associated with copy number loss of TP53, ATM, BRCA1, and BRCA2 (p < 0.001). Seventy-nine percent of invasive ductal carcinoma with reduced CDH1 mRNA expression showed elevated expression of E-cadherin transcription suppressors TWIST2, ZEB2, NFKB1, LLGL2, CTNNB1 (p < 0.01). Reduced/loss E-cadherin expression was associated with differential expression of 2143 genes including those regulating Wnt (FZD2, GNG5, HLTF, WNT2, and CER1) and PIK3-AKT (FGFR2, GNF5, GNGT1, IFNA17, and IGF1) signaling pathways. Interestingly, key genes differentially expressed between invasive lobular carcinoma and invasive ductal tumors did not show association with E-cadherin loss in invasive ductal carcinoma. We conclude that E-cadherin loss in invasive ductal carcinoma is likely a consequence of genomic instability occurring during carcinogenesis. Potential novel regulators controlling E-cadherin expression in invasive ductal carcinoma warrant further investigation.
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Jiang HT, Ran CC, Liao YP, Zhu JH, Wang H, Deng R, Nie M, He BC, Deng ZL. IGF-1 reverses the osteogenic inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts via PI3K/AKT/COX-2 pathway. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 191:105363. [PMID: 31018166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis (GIOP) is a prevalent clinical complication caused by large dose administration of glucocorticoids, such as Dexamethasone (Dex) and Prednisone. GIOP may lead to fractures and even Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head (ONFH). It has been reported that glucocorticoids inhibit osteogenesis via the suppression of osteogenic differentiation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), but the precise mechanism underlying this suppression awaits further investigation. Meanwhile, novel and efficacious therapies are recommended to cope with GIOP. In this study, we demonstrated that Dex had the inhibitory effect on Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 (BMP9)-induced ALP activities and matrix mineralization in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs). In addition, the study confirmed that Dex decreased the expression of osteogenic markers such as Runx2 and OPN. However, the inhibitory effect of Dex on these osteogenic markers can be reversed when combined with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Regarding the inhibitory mechanism, we found that the level of AKT and p-AKT can be decreased by Dex and that Ly294002, the PI3K inhibitor, can block the reversal effect of IGF-1. Moreover, the knockdown or inhibition of COX-2 produced similar results to those of Ly294002. Our findings indicated that IGF-1 may reverse the osteogenic inhibitory effect of Dex via PI3K/AKT pathway, which may be associated with the up-regulation of COX-2. This study may provide new clinical management strategy for GIOP cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Ran
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Yun-Peng Liao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Han Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Rui Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Mao Nie
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Zhong-Liang Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, PR China.
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22
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Vasconcelos A, Santos T, Ravasco P, Neves PM. Dairy Products: Is There an Impact on Promotion of Prostate Cancer? A Review of the Literature. Front Nutr 2019; 6:62. [PMID: 31139629 PMCID: PMC6527888 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review of the literature aims to study potential associations between high consumption of milk and/or dairy products and prostate cancer (PC). Literature is scarce, yet there is a direct relationship between mTORC1 activation and PC; several ingredients in milk/dairy products, when in high concentrations, increase signaling of the mTORC1 pathway. However, there are no studies showing an unequivocal relationship between milk products PC initiation and/or progression. Three different reviews were conducted with articles published in the last 5 years: (M1) PC and intake of dairy products, taking into account the possible mTORC1signaling mechanism; (M2) Intake of milk products and incidence/promotion of PC; (M3) mTORC1 activation signaling pathway, levels of IGF-1 and PC; (M4) mTORC pathway and dairy products. Of the 32 reviews identified, only 21 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. There is little scientific evidence that directly link the three factors: incidence/promotion of PC, intake of dairy products and PC, and PC and increased mTORC1 signaling. Persistent hyper-activation of mTORC1 is associated with PC promotion. The activity of exosomal mRNA in cellular communication may lead to different impacts of different types of milk and whether or not mammalian milks will have their own characteristics within each species. Based on this review of the literature, it is possible to establish a relationship between the consumption of milk products and the progression of PC; we also found a possible association with PC initiation, hence it is likely that the intake of dairy products should be reduced or minimized in mens' diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Santos
- European University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Ravasco
- University Hospital of Santa Maria, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Miguel Neves
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
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23
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Abdollahzadeh R, Daraei A, Mansoori Y, Sepahvand M, Amoli MM, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) cross talk and language in ceRNA regulatory networks: A new look at hallmarks of breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10080-10100. [PMID: 30537129 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy in women worldwide. Despite the substantial advancement in understanding the molecular mechanisms and management of BC, it remains the leading cause of cancer death in women. One of the main reasons for this obstacle is that we have not been able to find the Achilles heel for the BC as a highly heterogeneous disease. Accumulating evidence has revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), play key roles in the development of BC; however, the involving of complex regulatory interactions between the different varieties of ncRNAs in the development of this cancer has been poorly understood. In the recent years, the newly discovered mechanism in the RNA world is "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" which proposes regulatory dialogues between different RNAs, including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), transcribed pseudogenes, and circular RNAs (circRNAs). In the latest BC research, various studies have revealed that dysregulation of several ceRNA networks (ceRNETs) between these ncRNAs has fundamental roles in establishing the hallmarks of BC development. And it is thought that such a discovery could open a new window for a better understanding of the hidden aspects of breast tumors. Besides, it probably can provide new biomarkers and potential efficient therapeutic targets for BC. This review will discuss the existing body of knowledge regarding the key functions of ceRNETs and then highlights the emerging roles of some recently discovered ceRNETs in several hallmarks of BC. Moreover, we propose for the first time the "ceRnome" as a new term in the present article for RNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sepahvand
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Juárez-Vázquez CI, Gurrola-Díaz CM, Vargas-Guerrero B, Domínguez-Rosales JA, Rodriguez-Ortiz JF, Barros-Núñez P, Flores-Martínez SE, Sánchez-Corona J, Rosales-Reynoso MA. Insulin glargine affects the expression of Igf-1r, Insr, and Igf-1 genes in colon and liver of diabetic rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 21:489-494. [PMID: 29922429 PMCID: PMC6000212 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2018.24867.6185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): The mitogenic effect of the analogous insulin glargine is currently under debate since several clinical studies have raised the possibility that insulin glargine treatment has a carcinogenic potential in different tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the Igf-1r, Insr, and Igf-1 gene expression in colon and liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats in response to insulin glargine, neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, and metformin treatments. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were induced during one week with streptozotocin to develop Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and then randomly distributed into four groups. T2D rats included in the first group received insulin glargine, the second group received NPH insulin, the third group received metformin; finally, untreated T2D rats were included as the control group. All groups were treated for seven days; after the treatment, tissue samples of liver and colon were obtained. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to analyze the Igf-1r, Insr and Igf-1 gene expression in each tissue sample. Results: The liver tissue showed overexpression of the Insr and Igf-1r genes (P>0.001) in rats treated with insulin glargine in comparison with the control group. Similar results were observed for the Insr gene (P>0.011) in colonic tissue of rats treated with insulin glargine. Conclusion: These observations demonstrate that insulin glargine promote an excess of insulin and IGF-1 receptors in STZ-induced diabetic rats, which could overstimulate the mitogenic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara I Juárez-Vázquez
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Carmen M Gurrola-Díaz
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Belinda Vargas-Guerrero
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - José A Domínguez-Rosales
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Jessica F Rodriguez-Ortiz
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Patricio Barros-Núñez
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Silvia E Flores-Martínez
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - José Sánchez-Corona
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Mónica A Rosales-Reynoso
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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25
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Li T, Wang J, Liu P, Chi J, Yan H, Lei L, Li Z, Yang B, Wang X. Insulin-like growth factor 2 axis supports the serum-independent growth of malignant rhabdoid tumor and is activated by microenvironment stress. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47269-47283. [PMID: 28521298 PMCID: PMC5564563 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) are rare, lethal, pediatric tumors predominantly found in the kidney, brain and soft tissues. MRTs are driven by loss of tumor suppressor SNF5/INI1/SMARCB1/BAF47. The prognosis of MRT is poor using currently available treatments, so new treatment targets need to be identified to expand treatment options for patients experiencing chemotherapy resistance. The growth hormone insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) signaling pathway is a promising target to overcome drug resistance in many cancers. Here, we evaluated the role of IGF2 axis in MRT cell proliferation. We showed that microenvironment stress, including starvation treatment and chemotherapy exposure, lead to elevated expression of IGF2 in the SNF5-deficient MRT cell line. The autocrine IGF2, in turn, activated insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), insulin receptor (INSR), followed by PI3K/AKT pathway and RAS/ERK pathway to promote cancer cell proliferation and survival. We further demonstrated that impairment of IGF2 signaling by IGF2 neutralizing antibody, IGF1R inhibitor NVP-AEW541 or AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl treatment prevented MRT cell growth in vitro. Taken together, our characterization of this axis defines a novel mechanism for MRT cell growth in the microenvironment of stress. Our results also demonstrated the necessity to test the treatment effect targeting this axis in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Laboratory of Epigenetics in Development and Tumorigenesis, Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Laboratory of Epigenetics in Development and Tumorigenesis, Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Lymphoma, Sino-Us Center of Lymphoma and Leukemia, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jiadong Chi
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Laboratory of Epigenetics in Development and Tumorigenesis, Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Laboratory of Epigenetics in Development and Tumorigenesis, Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zexing Li
- Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Laboratory of Epigenetics in Development and Tumorigenesis, Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Laboratory of Epigenetics in Development and Tumorigenesis, Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Laboratory of Epigenetics in Development and Tumorigenesis, Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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26
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IGF-II induced by hepatitis B virus X protein regulates EMT via SUMO mediated loss of E-cadherin in mice. Oncotarget 2018; 7:56944-56957. [PMID: 27486970 PMCID: PMC5302964 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers and a leading cause of cancer mortality. Prognosis of this disease largely depends on its stage. An Enlarged liver, due to dysplasia, may be a critical point in the multi-step progression to HCC. The mechanism underlying hepatomegaly in human and mouse models are poorly understood. We previously reported we observed enlarged liver in hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) expressing mice (HBx mice). Here we identify the critical role of HBx induced IGF-II in hepatomegaly in mice and abnormal cell growth in human hepatoma cells. We found that HBx induced IGF-II is essential to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through loss of E-cadherin. In mouse liver, loss of E-cadherin was mediated by post-translational regulation, at least in part, by protease and SUMOylation not by transcriptional regulation. In contrast, in hepatoma cell line (HepG2 cells) Akt signal pathway controls the mRNA expression level of EMT-related transcription factors, especially Twist, in addition to post- translational modification through SUMOylation. Thus, IGF-II-mediated loss of E-cadherin is central in developing hepatomegaly in mice and abnormal cell growth in the hepatoma cell line. HBx induced IGF-II represents a potential biomarker, which is also a therapeutic target in HCC.
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27
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Insulin-like growth factor 2 is a key mitogen driving liver repopulation in mice. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:26. [PMID: 29348399 PMCID: PMC5833551 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte transplantation holds great promise as an alternative to orthotopic organ transplantation in the treatment of liver diseases. However, obtaining clinically meaningful levels of liver repopulation has not been achieved because the mechanisms regulating hepatocyte proliferation in recipient livers have not yet been well characterized. In the mouse model of Hereditary Tyrosinemia Type I, the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase-deficient (Fah−/−) mouse, we found gradually increasing expression level of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) in the hepatocytes of host livers. Similarly, high levels of IGF2 were found in the livers of patients with deficient FAH activity. Recombinant IGF2 directly promotes proliferation of primary hepatocytes in vitro. Inhibition on IGF2 expression through the interruption of PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways significantly reduced the level of liver repopulation in Fah−/− mice. Interestingly, treatment with IGF2 before hepatocyte transplantation generally improved the amount of liver repopulation seen in various mice models of liver injury. Altogether, these findings underscore the underlying mechanisms of therapeutic liver repopulation in Fah−/− mice, and indicate that IGF2 is a potential hepatocyte mitogen for liver cell transplantation therapies.
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28
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Rodríguez-de la Rosa L, Lassaletta L, Calvino M, Murillo-Cuesta S, Varela-Nieto I. The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in the Progression of Age-Related Hearing Loss. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:411. [PMID: 29311900 PMCID: PMC5733003 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with impairment of sensorial functions and with the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. As pari passu circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) bioavailability progressively decreases, we see a direct correlation with sensory impairment and cognitive performance in older humans. Age-related sensory loss is typically caused by the irreversible death of highly differentiated neurons and sensory receptor cells. Among sensory deficits, age-related hearing loss (ARHL), also named presbycusis, affects one third of the population over 65 years of age and is a major factor in the progression of cognitive problems in the elderly. The genetic and molecular bases of ARHL are largely unknown and only a few genes related to susceptibility to oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and cell death have been identified. IGF-1 is known to be a neuroprotective agent that maintains cellular metabolism, activates growth, proliferation and differentiation, and limits cell death. Inborn IGF-1 deficiency leads to profound sensorineural hearing loss both in humans and mice. IGF-1 haploinsufficiency has also been shown to correlate with ARHL. There is not much information available on the effect of IGF-1 deficiency on other human sensory systems, but experimental models show a long-term impact on the retina. A secondary action of IGF-1 is the control of oxidative stress and inflammation, thus helping to resolve damage situations, acute or made chronic by aging. Here we will review the primary actions of IGF-1 in the auditory system and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Rodríguez-de la Rosa
- “Alberto Sols” Biomedical Research Institute CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Lassaletta
- “Alberto Sols” Biomedical Research Institute CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miryam Calvino
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Murillo-Cuesta
- “Alberto Sols” Biomedical Research Institute CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Varela-Nieto
- “Alberto Sols” Biomedical Research Institute CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
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29
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Solomon-Zemler R, Sarfstein R, Werner H. Nuclear insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) displays proliferative and regulatory activities in non-malignant cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185164. [PMID: 28945762 PMCID: PMC5612648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) mediates the biological actions of IGF1 and IGF2. The IGF1R is involved in both physiological and pathological activities and is usually overexpressed in most types of cancer. In addition to its classical mechanism of action, recent evidence has shown a nuclear presence of IGF1R, associated with novel genomic/transcriptional types of activities. The present study was aimed at evaluating the hypothesis that nuclear IGF1R localization is not restricted to cancer cells and might constitute a novel physiologically relevant regulatory mechanism. Our data shows that nuclear translocation takes place in a wide array of cells, including normal diploid fibroblasts. In addition, we provide evidence for a synergistic effect of a nuclear translocation blocker along with selective IGF1R inhibitors in terms of decreasing cell proliferation. Given the important role of the IGF1R in mitogenesis, the present results may be of translational relevance in cancer research. In conclusion, results are consistent with the concept that nuclear IGF1R fulfills important physiological and pathological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravid Solomon-Zemler
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rive Sarfstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
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30
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Chen Z, Liu H, Jain A, Zhang L, Liu C, Cheng K. Discovery of Aptamer Ligands for Hepatic Stellate Cells Using SELEX. Theranostics 2017; 7:2982-2995. [PMID: 28839458 PMCID: PMC5566100 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin like growth factor II receptor (IGFIIR) is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are the major target for the treatment of liver fibrosis. In this study, we aim to discover an IGFIIR-specific aptamer that can be potentially used as a targeting ligand for the treatment and diagnosis of liver fibrosis. Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) was conducted on recombinant human IGFIIR to identify IGFIIR-specific aptamers. The binding affinity and specificity of the discovered aptamers to IGFIIR and hepatic stellate cells were studied using flow cytometry and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). Aptamer-20 showed the highest affinity to recombinant human IGFIIR protein with a Kd of 35.5 nM, as determined by SPR. Aptamer-20 also has a high affinity (apparent Kd 45.12 nM) to LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells. Binding of aptamer-20 to hepatic stellate cells could be inhibited by knockdown of IGFIIR using siRNA, indicating a high specificity of the aptamer. The aptamer formed a chimera with an anti-fibrotic PCBP2 siRNA and delivered the siRNA to HSC-T6 cells to trigger silencing activity. In Vivo biodistribution study of the siRNA-aptamer chimera also demonstrated a high and specific uptake in the liver of the rats with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. These data suggest that aptamer-20 is a high-affinity ligand for antifibrotic and diagnostic agents for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kun Cheng
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, United States
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Solingapuram Sai KK, Prabhakaran J, Sattiraju A, Mann JJ, Mintz A, Kumar JD. Radiosynthesis and evaluation of IGF1R PET ligand [ 11 C]GSK1838705A. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2895-2897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Patel R, Patel M, Kwak J, Iyer AK, Karpoormath R, Desai S, Rarh V. Polymeric microspheres: a delivery system for osteogenic differentiation. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Patel
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering; The University of Seoul; Seoul 02504 Korea
| | - Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; Seodaemun-gu Seoul 120-750 South Korea
| | - Jeonghun Kwak
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering; The University of Seoul; Seoul 02504 Korea
| | - Arun K. Iyer
- Use-inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-Bind) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health, Sciences; Wayne State University; 259 Mack Ave Detroit MI 48201 USA
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences; University of Kwa Zulu Natal; Durban 4000 Africa
| | - Shrojal Desai
- Global Infusion Systems R&D at Hospira; Chicago, IL USA
| | - Vimal Rarh
- Department of Chemistry, S.G.T.B. Khalsa College; University of Delhi; Delhi 110007 India
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Li Y, Nam K. Dynamic, structural and thermodynamic basis of insulin-like growth factor 1 kinase allostery mediated by activation loop phosphorylation. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3453-3464. [PMID: 28507717 PMCID: PMC5418630 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00055c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of kinases' catalytic activity regulation in cell signaling, detailed mechanisms underlying their activity regulation are poorly understood. Herein, using insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor kinase (IGF-1RK) as a model, the mechanisms of kinase regulation by its activation loop (A-loop) phosphorylation were investigated through molecular dynamics (MD) and alchemical free energy simulations. Analyses of the simulation results and free energy landscapes determined for the entire catalytic cycle of the kinase revealed that A-loop phosphorylation affects each step in the IGF-1RK catalytic cycle, including conformational change, substrate binding/product release and catalytic phosphoryl transfer. Specifically, the conformational equilibrium of the kinase is shifted by 13.2 kcal mol-1 to favor the active conformation after A-loop phosphorylation, which increases substrate binding affinity of the activated kinase. This free energy shift is achieved primarily via destabilization of the inactive conformation. The free energy of the catalytic reaction is also changed by 3.3 kcal mol-1 after the phosphorylation and in the end, facilitates product release. Analyses of MD simulations showed that A-loop phosphorylation produces these energetic effects by perturbing the side chain interactions around each A-loop tyrosine. These interaction changes are propagated to the remainder of the kinase to modify the orientations and dynamics of the αC-helix and A-loop, and together yield the observed free energy changes. Since many protein kinases share similar interactions identified in this work, the mechanisms of kinase allostery and catalysis unraveled here can be applicable to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozong Li
- Department of Chemistry , Umeå University , SE-901 87 Umeå , Sweden
| | - Kwangho Nam
- Department of Chemistry , Umeå University , SE-901 87 Umeå , Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington , TX 76019-0065 , USA . ; Tel: +1-817-272-1091
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Yamamoto N, Oshima T, Yoshihara K, Aoyama T, Hayashi T, Yamada T, Sato T, Shiozawa M, Yoshikawa T, Morinaga S, Rino Y, Kunisaki C, Tanaka K, Akaike M, Imada T, Masuda M. Clinicopathological significance and impact on outcomes of the gene expression levels of IGF-1, IGF-2 and IGF-1R, IGFBP-3 in patients with colorectal cancer: Overexpression of the IGFBP-3 gene is an effective predictor of outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3958-3966. [PMID: 28521493 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGF) system is involved in tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis in cancer. The current study investigated the association of IGF-1, IGF-2 and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), IGF binding proteins type 3 (IGFBP-3) mRNA expression levels with clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of 202 patients with untreated colorectal cancer (CRC). IGF-1, IGF-2, IGF-1R and IGFBP-3 mRNA expression levels were analyzed in surgical specimens of cancer tissues and adjacent normal mucosa cells using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The IGF-1R gene expression level was significantly higher in cancer tissue compared with adjacent normal mucosa. By contrast, IGF-1 gene expression levels were reduced in cancer tissue compared with normal mucosa. IGF-2 and IGFBP-3 gene expression levels did not differ significantly between cancer tissue and adjacent normal mucosa. As for the association of gene expression and clinicopathological characteristics, IGFBP-3 gene expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. High IGFBP-3 gene expression was associated with poor 5-year overall survival compared with patients with low IGFBP-3 expression. Furthermore, IGFBP-3 gene expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor using multivariate analysis. Overexpression of the IGFBP-3 gene is considered an effective independent predictor of outcomes in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takashi Oshima
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazue Yoshihara
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toru Aoyama
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hayashi
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Manabu Shiozawa
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takaki Yoshikawa
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Soichiro Morinaga
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasushi Rino
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Chikara Kunisaki
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Tanaka
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan
| | - Makoto Akaike
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toshio Imada
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
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Li H, Batth IS, Qu X, Xu L, Song N, Wang R, Liu Y. IGF-IR signaling in epithelial to mesenchymal transition and targeting IGF-IR therapy: overview and new insights. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:6. [PMID: 28137302 PMCID: PMC5282886 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0576-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) signaling induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) program and contributes to metastasis and drug resistance in several subtypes of tumors. In preclinical studies, targeting of the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) showed promising anti-tumor effects. Unfortunately, high expectations for anti-IGF-IR therapy encountered challenge and disappointment in numerous clinical trials. This review summarizes the regulation of EMT by IGF-I/IGF-IR signaling pathway and drug resistance mechanisms of targeting IGF-IR therapy. Most importantly, we address several factors in the regulation of IGF-I/IGF-IR-associated EMT progression that may be potential predictive biomarkers in targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, NO.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, People's Republic of China
| | - Izhar Singh Batth
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, NO.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, NO.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, China
| | - Na Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, NO.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, NO.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, China.
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In vivo evaluation of IGF1R/IR PET ligand [ 18F]BMS-754807 in rodents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:941-943. [PMID: 28094184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In vivo evaluation of [18F]BMS-754807 binding in mice and rats using microPET and biodistribution methods is described herein. The radioligand shows consistent binding characteristics, in vivo, in both species. Early time frames of the microPET images and time activity curves of brain indicate poor penetration of the tracer across the blood brain barrier (BBB) in both species. However, microPET experiments in mice and rats show high binding of the radioligand outside the brain to heart, pancreas and muscle, the organs known for higher expression of IGF1R/1R. Biodistribution analysis 2h after injection of [18F]BMS-754807 in rats show negligible [18F]defluorination as reflected by the low bone uptake and clearance from blood. Overall, the data indicate that [18F]BMS-754807 can potentially be a radiotracer for the quantification of IGF1R/IR outside the brain using PET.
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De Martino M, Forzati F, Marfella M, Pellecchia S, Arra C, Terracciano L, Fusco A, Esposito F. HMGA1P7-pseudogene regulates H19 and Igf2 expression by a competitive endogenous RNA mechanism. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37622. [PMID: 27874091 PMCID: PMC5118720 DOI: 10.1038/srep37622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that pseudogene transcripts can function as competing endogenous RNAs, and thereby can also contribute to cancer when dysregulated. We have recently identified two pseudogenes, HMGA1P6 and HMGA1P7 for the HMGA1 gene whose overexpression has a critical role in cancer progression. These pseudogenes work as competitive endogenous RNA decoys for HMGA1 and other cancer related genes suggesting their role in carcinogenesis. Looking for new HMGA1 pseudogene ceRNAs, we performed RNA sequencing technology on mouse embryonic fibroblasts deriving from transgenic mice overexpressing HMGA1P7. Here, we report that HMGA1P7 mRNA sustains the H19 and Igf2 overexpression by acting as miRNA decoy. Lastly, the expression of HMGA1P7 was significantly correlated with H19 and IGF2 levels in human breast cancer thereby suggesting a role for HMGA1P7 deregulation in this neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Martino
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Floriana Forzati
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Marfella
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Pellecchia
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Arra
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Fondazione Pascale, via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Terracciano
- Institute of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Division, University of Basel, Schonbeinstrasse 40, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Fusco
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Esposito
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Carcinoma of the colon and rectum with deregulation of insulin-like growth factor 2 signaling: clinical and molecular implications. J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:971-84. [PMID: 26984550 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-016-1181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of imprinting (LOI) of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is an early event in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Whether LOI of IGF2 denotes a molecular or clinical cancer subgroup is currently unknown. METHODS Tumor biopsies and paired normal mucosa from 399 patients with extensive clinical annotations were analyzed for LOI and IGF2 expression. LOI status in 140 informative cases was correlated with clinicopathologic parameters and outcome. RESULTS LOI was frequent in normal mucosa and tumors and occurred throughout the large intestine. LOI was unrelated to microsatellite instability, KRAS mutation status, stage, and survival. However, CRC with LOI showed increased IGF2 protein levels and activation of AKT1. Gene expression analysis of tumors with and without LOI and knockdown of IGF2 in cell lines revealed that IGF2 induced distinct sets of activated and repressed genes, including Wnt5a, CEACAM6, IGF2BP3, KPN2A, BRCA2, and CDK1. Inhibition of AKT1 in IGF2-stimulated cells showed that the downstream effects of IGF2 on cell proliferation and gene expression were strictly AKT1-dependent. CONCLUSIONS LOI of IGF2 is a frequent and early event in CRC that occurs both in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene-mutated and serrated route of carcinogenesis. LOI leads to overexpression of IGF2, activates IGF1R and AKT1, and is a powerful driver of cell proliferation. Moreover, our results suggest that IGF2 via AKT1 also contributes to non-canonical wnt signaling. Although LOI had no significant impact on major clinical parameters and outcome, its potential as a target for preventive and therapeutic interventions merits further investigation.
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Adachi Y, Nojima M, Mori M, Matsunaga Y, Akutsu N, Sasaki S, Endo T, Kurozawa Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A. Insulin-like growth factor-related components and the risk of liver cancer in a nested case-control study. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:15125-15132. [PMID: 27662841 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) is a potent mitogen. IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) binds and inhibits IGF1. High circulating IGF1 levels and low IGFBP3 levels are associated with increased risk of several cancers. We examined relationships between serum levels of these factors and hepatoma risk in a case-control study nested in a prospective cohort study (the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study)). A baseline survey was conducted from 1988 to 1990, and 39,242 subjects donated blood samples. Participants diagnosed with hepatoma by 1997 were considered cases for nested case-control studies. Ninety-one cases and 263 sex- and age-matched controls were analyzed. A conditional logistic model was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for the incidence of hepatoma associated with serum IGF1 and IGFBP3 levels. Neither IGF1 nor the molar ratio of IGF1/IGFBP3 was correlated with hepatoma risk. After adjustment for hepatitis viral infection, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol intake, a higher molar difference of (IGFBP3 - IGF1) was associated with a decreased hepatoma risk more than IGFBP3 alone (p for trend <0.001 and = 0.003, respectively). People in the highest quartile had a lower risk (OR = 0.098; 95 % confidence interval = 0.026-0.368). In subgroup analyses of males and females, the molar difference was associated with a decreased hepatoma risk (p for trend <0.05). In non-elderly individuals, the difference was inversely correlated with the incidence of hepatoma (p for trend <0.01). The molar difference of (IGFBP3 - IGF1) may be inversely associated with the incidence of hepatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Adachi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology, and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Masanori Nojima
- The Institute of Medical Science Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mori
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Matsunaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology, and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Akutsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology, and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Shigeru Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology, and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Takao Endo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Youichi Kurozawa
- Division of Health Administration and Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Elmasry S, Asfour S, de Rivero Vaccari JP, Travascio F. A computational model for investigating the effects of changes in bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor-1 on the homeostasis of the intervertebral disc. Comput Biol Med 2016; 78:126-137. [PMID: 27697672 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is well-known for upregulating cell proliferation and biosynthesis of the extracellular matrix in the intervertebral disc (IVD). Pathological conditions, such as obesity or chronic kidney disease cause IGF-1 deficiency in plasma. How this deficiency impacts disc homeostasis remains unknown. Pro-anabolic approaches for the treatment of disc degeneration based on enhancing IGF-1 bioavailability to tissue-cells are considered, but knowledge of their effectiveness in enhancing cellular anabolism of a degenerated disc is limited. In this study, we developed a computational model for disc homeostasis specifically addressing the role of IGF-1 in modulating both extracellular matrix biosynthesis and cellularity in the IVD. This model was applied to investigate how changes in IGF-1 bioavailability, namely deficiency or enhancement of growth factor, affect disc health. In this study, it was found that IGF-1 deficiency mainly affects the biosynthesis of ECM components, especially in the most external regions of the IVD such as the cartilage endplates and the outer portion of annulus fibrosus. Also, a total of three approaches for increasing IGF-1 bioavailability as a therapy for degenerated IVDs were investigated. It was found that all these strategies are only beneficial to those disc regions receiving sufficient nutritional supply (i.e., the outmost IVD regions), while they exacerbate tissue degradation in malnourished regions (i.e., inner portion of the disc). This suggests that pro-anabolic growth factor-based therapies are limited in that their success strongly depends on an adequate nutritional supply to the IVD tissue, which is not guaranteed in degenerated discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shady Elmasry
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Shihab Asfour
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | | | - Francesco Travascio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
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Lazăr DC, Tăban S, Cornianu M, Faur A, Goldiş A. New advances in targeted gastric cancer treatment. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:6776-99. [PMID: 27570417 PMCID: PMC4974579 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i30.6776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite a decrease in incidence over past decades, gastric cancer remains a major global health problem. In the more recent period, survival has shown only minor improvement, despite significant advances in diagnostic techniques, surgical and chemotherapeutic approaches, the development of novel therapeutic agents and treatment by multidisciplinary teams. Because multiple genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and aberrant molecular signalling pathways are involved in the development of gastric cancers, recent research has attempted to determine the molecular heterogeneity responsible for the processes of carcinogenesis, spread and metastasis. Currently, some novel agents targeting a part of these dysfunctional molecular signalling pathways have already been integrated into the standard treatment of gastric cancer, whereas others remain in phases of investigation within clinical trials. It is essential to identify the unique molecular patterns of tumours and specific biomarkers to develop treatments targeted to the individual tumour behaviour. This review analyses the global impact of gastric cancer, as well as the role of Helicobacter pylori infection and the efficacy of bacterial eradication in preventing gastric cancer development. Furthermore, the paper discusses the currently available targeted treatments and future directions of research using promising novel classes of molecular agents for advanced tumours.
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Yamamoto T, Oida S, Inage T. Gene Expression and Localization of Insulin-like Growth Factors and Their Receptors throughout Amelogenesis in Rat Incisors. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 54:243-52. [PMID: 16260589 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.5a6821.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are expressed in many tissues and control cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. In teeth, the temporo-spatial pattern of expression IGFs and their receptors has not been fully characterized. The purpose of this study was to obtain a comprehensive profile of their expression throughout the life cycle of ameloblasts, using the continuously erupting rat incisor model. Upper incisors of young male rats were fixed by perfusion, decalcified, and embedded in paraffin. Sections were processed for in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. mRNA and protein expression profiles IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-IR, and IGF-IIR mRNA were essentially identical. At the apical loop of the incisor, very strong signals were seen in the outer enamel epithelium while the inner enamel epithelium showed a moderate reaction. In the region of ameloblasts facing pulp, inner enamel epithelium cells were still moderately reactive while signals over the outer enamel epithelium were slightly reduced. In the region of ameloblasts facing dentin and the initial portion of the secretory zone, signals in ameloblasts were weak while those over the outer enamel epithelium were strong. In the region of postsecretory transition, signals in both ameloblasts and papillary layer cells gradually increased. In maturation proper, signals in ameloblasts appeared as alternating bands of strong and weak reactivities, which corresponded to the regions of ruffle-ended and smooth-ended ameloblasts, respectively. Papillary layer cells also showed alternations in signal intensity that matched those in ameloblasts. These results suggest that the IGF family may act as an autocrine/paracrine system that influences not only cell differentiation but also the physiological activity of ameloblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Nihon University, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Mass balance, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of linsitinib in cancer patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 77:829-37. [PMID: 26972330 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-2999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study characterized the pharmacokinetics, mass balance, routes and extent of elimination, metabolites, and safety of a single oral dose of (14)C-linsitinib, an IGF-1R/IR inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors. The tolerability of linsitinib after multiple-dose administration was assessed in those patients who wished to continue treatment beyond the single (14)C-linsitinib dose. METHODS Five patients received a single oral dose of 150 mg (14)C-linsitinib, followed by collection of blood, plasma, urine, and feces for 10 days. The collected material was analyzed for total radioactivity, linsitinib, and metabolites. The safety of 150 mg of unlabeled linsitinib administered twice daily until disease progression was also assessed. RESULTS The median time to reach the maximum plasma concentration of linsitinib was 3.0 h, median maximum plasma concentration was 1789 ng/mL, median terminal half-life was 2.4 h, and median apparent oral clearance was 12.45 L/h. After a single dose of (14)C-linsitinib, 5.44 and 76.4 % of mean total radioactivity administered were recovered in urine and feces, respectively. Eighteen linsitinib metabolites (M1-M18) were detected in plasma, urine, and feces samples, and their structures were elucidated. The main metabolic reactions of linsitinib in humans were oxidation and sulfate conjugation. Linsitinib was well tolerated after a single dose of (14)C-linsitinib, and fatigue was the most frequent adverse event following multiple doses of unlabeled linsitinib. CONCLUSIONS (14)C-linsitinib is rapidly absorbed and extensively metabolized. Linsitinib excretion via bile into feces is the predominant elimination route from plasma with minor renal elimination.
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Li J, Deng H, Hu M, Fang Y, Vaughn A, Cai X, Xu L, Wan W, Li Z, Chen S, Yang X, Wu S, Xiao J. Inhibition of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) growth by a novel small molecular inhibitor of EGFR. Oncotarget 2016; 6:6749-61. [PMID: 25730907 PMCID: PMC4466647 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a therapeutic target (oncotarget) in NSCLC. Using in vitro EGFR kinase activity system, we identified a novel small molecule, WB-308, as an inhibitor of EGFR. WB-308 decreased NSCLC cell proliferation and colony formation, by causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, WB-308 inhibited the engraft tumor growths in two animal models in vivo (lung orthotopic transplantation model and patient-derived engraft mouse model). WB-308 impaired the phosphorylation of EGFR, AKT, and ERK1/2 protein. WB-308 was less cytotoxic than Gefitinib. Our study suggests that WB-308 is a novel EGFR-TKI and may be considered to substitute for Gefitinib in clinical therapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Li
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Huayun Deng
- The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meichun Hu
- The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuanzhang Fang
- The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Amanda Vaughn
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Xiaopan Cai
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Leqin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wei Wan
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhenxi Li
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Shijie Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xinghai Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
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Abstract
The regulation of organ size is essential to human health and has fascinated biologists for centuries. Key to the growth process is the ability of most organs to integrate organ-extrinsic cues (eg, nutritional status, inflammatory processes) with organ-intrinsic information (eg, genetic programs, local signals) into a growth response that adapts to changing environmental conditions and ensures that the size of an organ is coordinated with the rest of the body. Paired organs such as the vertebrate limbs and the long bones within them are excellent models for studying this type of regulation because it is possible to manipulate one member of the pair and leave the other as an internal control. During development, growth plates at the end of each long bone produce a transient cartilage model that is progressively replaced by bone. Here, we review how proliferation and differentiation of cells within each growth plate are tightly controlled mainly by growth plate-intrinsic mechanisms that are additionally modulated by extrinsic signals. We also discuss the involvement of several signaling hubs in the integration and modulation of growth-related signals and how they could confer remarkable plasticity to the growth plate. Indeed, long bones have a significant ability for "catch-up growth" to attain normal size after a transient growth delay. We propose that the characterization of catch-up growth, in light of recent advances in physiology and cell biology, will provide long sought clues into the molecular mechanisms that underlie organ growth regulation. Importantly, catch-up growth early in life is commonly associated with metabolic disorders in adulthood, and this association is not completely understood. Further elucidation of the molecules and cellular interactions that influence organ size coordination should allow development of novel therapies for human growth disorders that are noninvasive and have minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Roselló-Díez
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10065
| | - Alexandra L Joyner
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10065
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Yamahara K, Yamamoto N, Nakagawa T, Ito J. Insulin-like growth factor 1: A novel treatment for the protection or regeneration of cochlear hair cells. Hear Res 2015; 330:2-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Han JJ, Xue DW, Han QR, Liang XH, Xie L, Li S, Wu HY, Song B. Induction of apoptosis by IGFBP3 overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:10085-9. [PMID: 25556430 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.23.10085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system comprises a group of proteins that play key roles in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis in a variety of cellular systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) in hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of IGF2, IGFBP3, and PTEN was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Lentivirus vectors were used to overexpress IGFBP3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC) lines. The effect of IGFBP3 on proliferation was investigated by MTT and colony formation assays. RESULTS Expression of IGF2, IGFBP3, and PTEN in several HCC cell lines was lower than in normal cell lines. After 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine/trichostatin A treatment, significant demethylation of the promoter region of IGFBP3 was observed in HCC cells. Overexpression of IGFBP3 induced apoptosis and reduced colony formation in HUH7 cells. CONCLUSIONS Expression of IGF2, IGFBP3, and PTEN in several HCC cell lines was lower than in normal cell lines. After 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine/ trichostatin A treatment, significant demethylation of the promoter region of IGFBP3 was observed in HCC cells. Overexpression of IGFBP3 induced apoptosis and reduced colony formation in HUH7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Han
- Department of Cancer Intervention Treatment Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China E-mail :
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Heidegger I, Massoner P, Sampson N, Klocker H. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis as an anticancer target in prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2015; 367:113-21. [PMID: 26231734 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in males. In recent years, several new targeting agents have been introduced for the treatment of advanced stages of the disease. However, development of resistance limits the efficacy of new drugs and there is a further need to develop additional novel treatment approaches. One of the most investigated targets in cancer research is the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, whose receptors are overexpressed in several cancer entities including PCa. In preclinical studies in PCa, targeting of the IGF axis receptors showed promising anti-tumor effects. Currently available data on clinical studies do not meet the expectations for this new treatment approach. In this review we provide a summary of preclinical and clinical studies on the IGF axis in PCa including treatment with monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Moreover, we summarize preliminary results from ongoing studies and discuss limitations and side effects of the substances used. We also address the role of the IGF axis in the biomarkers setting including IGF-binding proteins and genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Heidegger
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Massoner
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natalie Sampson
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Liu KL, Yu RJ, Feng GS, Wu J. Expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 in colorectal cancer: Relationship with angiogenesis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3384-3389. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i21.3384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship between the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and clinicopathological parameters, as well as tumor angiogenesis in colorectal cancer.
METHODS: The expression of IGF-1 was detected using immunohistochemical method in 56 colorectal carcinoma and 20 normal colon tissues. Microvessel density (MVD) was counted by evaluating the expression of endothelial marker CD34.
RESULTS: The positive rates of IGF-1 in colorectal carcinoma and normal mucosa were 85.71% and 35%, respectively. The expression of IGF-1 correlated with lymph node metastasis significantly (P < 0.05). MVD values were 8.76±2.67 and 35.55 ± 7.78 in normal colon tissue and colorectal cancer, respectively. MVD correlated significantly with differentiation degree, invasion depth, Duke's stage and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05 for all).
CONCLUSION: IGF-1 is highly expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma and may be involved in the progression of colorectal cancer through enhancing tumor angiogenesis.
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Topical Application of Oleuropein Induces Anagen Hair Growth in Telogen Mouse Skin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129578. [PMID: 26060936 PMCID: PMC4462586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We observed that oleuropein, the main constituent of the leaves and unprocessed olive drupes of Olea europaea, protected mice from high-fat diet-induced adiposity by up-regulation of genes involved in Wnt10b-mediated signaling in adipose tissue. The activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway is also well established to positively regulate the anagen phase of hair growth cycle in mice skin.
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