1
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Ling H, Li Y, Peng C, Yang S, Seto E. HDAC10 inhibition represses melanoma cell growth and BRAF inhibitor resistance via upregulating SPARC expression. NAR Cancer 2024; 6:zcae018. [PMID: 38650694 PMCID: PMC11034028 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a conserved secreted glycoprotein, plays crucial roles in regulating various biological processes. SPARC is highly expressed and has profound implications in several cancer types, including melanoma. Understanding the mechanisms that govern SPARC expression in cancers has the potential to lead to improved cancer diagnosis, prognosis, treatment strategies, and patient outcomes. Here, we demonstrate that histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) is a key regulator of SPARC expression in melanoma cells. Depletion or inhibition of HDAC10 upregulates SPARC expression, whereas overexpression of HDAC10 downregulates it. Mechanistically, HDAC10 coordinates with histone acetyltransferase p300 to modulate the state of acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27ac) at SPARC regulatory elements and the recruitment of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) to these regions, thereby fine-tuning SPARC transcription. HDAC10 depletion and resultant SPARC upregulation repress melanoma cell growth primarily by activating AMPK signaling and inducing autophagy. Moreover, SPARC upregulation due to HDAC10 depletion partly accounts for the resensitization of resistant cells to a BRAF inhibitor. Our work reveals the role of HDAC10 in gene regulation through indirect histone modification and suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for melanoma or other cancers by targeting HDAC10 and SPARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Ling
- George Washington Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Yixuan Li
- George Washington Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Changmin Peng
- George Washington Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State Cancer Institute, The Penn State University, 400 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Edward Seto
- George Washington Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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2
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Xue JD, Xiang WF, Cai MQ, Lv XY. Biological functions and therapeutic potential of SRY related high mobility group box 5 in human cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1332148. [PMID: 38835366 PMCID: PMC11148273 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1332148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heavy human burden worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality. Identification of novel cancer diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is important for developing cancer treatment strategies and reducing mortality. Transcription factors, including SRY associated high mobility group box (SOX) proteins, are thought to be involved in the regulation of specific biological processes. There is growing evidence that SOX transcription factors play an important role in cancer progression, including tumorigenesis, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and metastasis. SOX5 is a member of SOX Group D of Sox family. SOX5 is expressed in various tissues of human body and participates in various physiological and pathological processes and various cellular processes. However, the abnormal expression of SOX5 is associated with cancer of various systems, and the abnormal expression of SOX5 acts as a tumor promoter to promote cancer cell viability, proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT through multiple mechanisms. In addition, the expression pattern of SOX5 is closely related to cancer type, stage and adverse clinical outcome. Therefore, SOX5 is considered as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, the expression of SOX5 in various human cancers, the mechanism of action and potential clinical significance of SOX5 in tumor, and the therapeutic significance of Sox5 targeting in cancer were reviewed. In order to provide a new theoretical basis for cancer clinical molecular diagnosis, molecular targeted therapy and scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-di Xue
- The School of Basic Medicine Sciences of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wan-Fang Xiang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ming-Qin Cai
- School/Hospital of Stomatology of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Lv
- The School of Basic Medicine Sciences of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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3
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Ling H, Li Y, Peng C, Yang S, Seto E. HDAC10 blockade upregulates SPARC expression thereby repressing melanoma cell growth and BRAF inhibitor resistance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.05.570182. [PMID: 38106051 PMCID: PMC10723323 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.05.570182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC), a highly conserved secreted glycoprotein, is crucial for various bioprocesses. Here we demonstrate that histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) is a key regulator of SPARC expression. HDAC10 depletion or inhibition upregulates, while overexpression of HDAC10 downregulates, SPARC expression. Mechanistically, HDAC10 coordinates with histone acetyltransferase p300 to modulate the acetylation state of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac) at SPARC regulatory elements and the recruitment of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) to these regions, thereby tuning SPARC transcription. HDAC10 depletion and resultant SPARC upregulation repress melanoma cell growth, primarily by induction of autophagy via activation of AMPK signaling. Moreover, SPARC upregulation due to HDAC10 depletion partly accounts for the resensitivity of resistant cells to a BRAF inhibitor. Our work reveals the role of HDAC10 in gene regulation through epigenetic modification and suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for melanoma or other cancers by targeting HDAC10 and SPARC. Highlights HDAC10 is the primary HDAC member that tightly controls SPARC expression. HDAC10 coordinates with p300 in modulating the H3K27ac state at SPARC regulatory elements and the recruitment of BRD4 to these regions. HDAC10 depletion and resultant SPARC upregulation inhibit melanoma cell growth by inducing autophagy via activation of AMPK signaling.SPARC upregulation as a result of HDAC10 depletion resensitizes resistant cells to BRAF inhibitors.
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4
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Nian Q, Li J, Han Z, Liang Q, Liu M, Yang C, Rodrigues-Lima F, Jiang T, Zhao L, Zeng J, Liu C, Shi J. SPARC in hematologic malignancies and novel technique for hematological disease with its abnormal expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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5
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Jones CE, Sharick JT, Colbert SE, Shukla VC, Zent JM, Ostrowski MC, Ghadiali SN, Sizemore ST, Leight JL. Pten regulates collagen fibrillogenesis by fibroblasts through SPARC. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245653. [PMID: 33534863 PMCID: PMC7857610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen deposition contributes to both high mammographic density and breast cancer progression. Low stromal PTEN expression has been observed in as many as half of breast tumors and is associated with increases in collagen deposition, however the mechanism connecting PTEN loss to increased collagen deposition remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Pten knockout in fibroblasts using an Fsp-Cre;PtenloxP/loxP mouse model increases collagen fiber number and fiber size within the mammary gland. Pten knockout additionally upregulated Sparc transcription in fibroblasts and promoted collagen shuttling out of the cell. Interestingly, SPARC mRNA expression was observed to be significantly elevated in the tumor stroma as compared to the normal breast in several patient cohorts. While SPARC knockdown via shRNA did not affect collagen shuttling, it notably decreased assembly of exogenous collagen. In addition, SPARC knockdown decreased fibronectin assembly and alignment of the extracellular matrix in an in vitro fibroblast-derived matrix model. Overall, these data indicate upregulation of SPARC is a mechanism by which PTEN regulates collagen deposition in the mammary gland stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joe T. Sharick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sheila E. Colbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Vasudha C. Shukla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joshua M. Zent
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael C. Ostrowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Samir N. Ghadiali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Steven T. Sizemore
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Leight
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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6
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Yuan WM, Fan YG, Cui M, Luo T, Wang YE, Shu ZJ, Zhao J, Zheng J, Zeng Y. SOX5 Regulates Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration and Invasion in KSHV-Infected Cells. Virol Sin 2020; 36:449-457. [PMID: 33231856 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) originates from vascular endothelial cells, with KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) as the etiological agent. SRY-box transcription factor 5 (SOX5) plays different roles in various types of cancer, although its role in KS remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified the role of SOX5 in KS tissues and KSHV-infected cells and elucidated the molecular mechanism. Thirty-two KS patients were enrolled in this study. Measurement of SOX5 mRNA and protein levels in human KS tissues and adjacent control tissues revealed lower levels in KS tissues, with KS patients having higher SOX5 level in the early stages of the disease compared to the later stages. And SOX5 mRNA and protein was also lower in KSHV-infected cells (iSLK-219 and iSLK-BAC) than normal cells (iSLK-Puro). Additionally, SOX5 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis and decreased KSHV-infected cell migration and invasion. Moreover, we found that SOX5 overexpression suppressed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of KSHV-infected cells. These results suggest SOX5 is a suppressor factor during KS development and a potential target for KS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Mei Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China.,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Ya-Ge Fan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Meng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Ya-E Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Zhan-Jun Shu
- AIDS Research Office, National Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Base in Xinjiang and the Sixth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Ürümqi, 830000, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China.
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China.
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7
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Chen M, Zou S, He C, Zhou J, Li S, Shen M, Cheng R, Wang D, Zou T, Yan X, Huang Y, Shen J. Transactivation of SOX5 by Brachyury promotes breast cancer bone metastasis. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:551-560. [PMID: 31713604 PMCID: PMC7350557 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow has been long known to host a unique environment amenable to colonization by metastasizing tumor cells. Yet, the underlying molecular interactions which give rise to the high incidence of bone metastasis (BM) in breast cancer patients have long remained uncharacterized. In our study, in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that Brachyury (Bry) could promote breast cancer BM. Bry drives epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes breast cancer aggressiveness. As an EMT driver, SOX5 involves in breast cancer metastasis and the specific function in BM. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed SOX5 is a direct downstream target gene of Bry. ChIP analysis and reporter assays identified two Bry-binding motifs; one consistent with the classic conserved binding sequence and the other a new motif sequence. This study demonstrates for the first time that Bry promotes breast cancer cells BM through activating SOX5. In clinical practice, targeting the Bry-Sox5-EMT pathway is evolving into a promising avenue for the prevention of bone metastatic relapse, therapeutic resistance and other aspects of breast cancer progression. Brachyury directly regulates the expression of SOX5 by binding to two motifs in its promoter region. The Bry-SOX5-EMT pathway may represent a potential target to develop treatments to prevent and treat bone metastasis from breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shitao Zou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao He
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jundong Zhou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suoyuan Li
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghong Shen
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rulei Cheng
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donglai Wang
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianming Zou
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Yan
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 008618112603158; Fax: 008651262362502,
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8
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Ma S, Zhang B, LaFave LM, Earl AS, Chiang Z, Hu Y, Ding J, Brack A, Kartha VK, Tay T, Law T, Lareau C, Hsu YC, Regev A, Buenrostro JD. Chromatin Potential Identified by Shared Single-Cell Profiling of RNA and Chromatin. Cell 2020; 183:1103-1116.e20. [PMID: 33098772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 116.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell differentiation and function are regulated across multiple layers of gene regulation, including modulation of gene expression by changes in chromatin accessibility. However, differentiation is an asynchronous process precluding a temporal understanding of regulatory events leading to cell fate commitment. Here we developed simultaneous high-throughput ATAC and RNA expression with sequencing (SHARE-seq), a highly scalable approach for measurement of chromatin accessibility and gene expression in the same single cell, applicable to different tissues. Using 34,774 joint profiles from mouse skin, we develop a computational strategy to identify cis-regulatory interactions and define domains of regulatory chromatin (DORCs) that significantly overlap with super-enhancers. During lineage commitment, chromatin accessibility at DORCs precedes gene expression, suggesting that changes in chromatin accessibility may prime cells for lineage commitment. We computationally infer chromatin potential as a quantitative measure of chromatin lineage-priming and use it to predict cell fate outcomes. SHARE-seq is an extensible platform to study regulatory circuitry across diverse cells in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ma
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology and Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Lindsay M LaFave
- Department of Biology and Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Andrew S Earl
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Zachary Chiang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Jiarui Ding
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alison Brack
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Vinay K Kartha
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tristan Tay
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Travis Law
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Caleb Lareau
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ya-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology and Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
| | - Jason D Buenrostro
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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9
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Wei H, Wu Q, Shi Y, Luo A, Lin S, Feng X, Jiang J, Zhang M, Wang F, Tan W. MicroRNA-15a/16/SOX5 axis promotes migration, invasion and inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:14376-14390. [PMID: 32678069 PMCID: PMC7425471 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are key effector cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and display a unique aggressive tumor-like phenotype with remarkable hyperplasia, increased cell migration and invasion. How FLSs undergo these changes in RA remains unknown. We previously reported a novel function of transcription factor SOX5 in RA-FLSs that promote cell migration and invasion. In this study, we found that miR-15a/16 directly targets the SOX5 3’UTR and suppresses SOX5 expression. Moreover, miR-15a/16 is significantly down-regulated in RA-FLSs, which negatively correlates with SOX5 expression. Transfection with miR-15a/16 mimics in RA-FLSs inhibits cell migration, invasion, IL-1β and TNFα expression. Overexpression SOX5 in RA-FLSs decreases miR-15a/16 expression and rescues miR-15a/16-mediated inhibitory effect. Furthermore, RA patients with the lower baseline serum miR-15a/16 level present poor response of 3 months disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) therapy. Collectively, this study reveals that miR-15a/16/SOX5 axis functions as a key driver of RA-FLSs invasion, migration and inflammatory response in a mutual negative feedback loop and correlates with DMARDs treatment response in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yumeng Shi
- Division of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Aishu Luo
- Division of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- Division of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoke Feng
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jintao Jiang
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Miaojia Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Division of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
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10
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Evaluation of miR-302b-5p expression and molecular mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma: Findings based on RT-qPCR and in silico analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Sun C, Ban Y, Wang K, Sun Y, Zhao Z. SOX5 promotes breast cancer proliferation and invasion by transactivation of EZH2. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:2754-2762. [PMID: 30854049 PMCID: PMC6365965 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex determining region Y-box protein 5 (SOX5) is a transcriptional factor and serves important roles in various cancer types; however, the pathological role of SOX5 in patients with breast cancer remains unclear. In the present study, the expression and potential role of SOX5 in patients with breast cancer and in breast cancer cells was investigated. The data indicated that SOX5 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues compared with adjacent healthy tissues, and overexpression of SOX5 was associated with a reduced overall survival rate in patients with breast cancer. Gain and loss of function studies with MTT, colony formation, wound healing and Matrigel invasion assays demonstrated that SOX5 significantly promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay sequence, quantitative ChIP and luciferase reporter assays were used to identify enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2) as a downstream target gene of SOX5. Furthermore, it was determined that ectopic expression of SOX5 increased EZH2 expression at the mRNA and protein level, while the knockdown of SOX5 decreased EZH2 expression. Additionally, the biological effect of SOX5 was investigated, and it was determined to be dependent on the regulation of EZH2 expression. The present results may provide important insights into the biological significance of SOX5 serving as a candidate therapeutic target in breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Yunqing Ban
- Imaging Center, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Yanming Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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12
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Downregulation of miR-139-5p promotes prostate cancer progression through regulation of SOX5. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:2128-2135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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13
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Chen X, Zheng Q, Li W, Lu Y, Ni Y, Ma L, Fu Y. SOX5 induces lung adenocarcinoma angiogenesis by inducing the expression of VEGF through STAT3 signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:5733-5741. [PMID: 30254466 PMCID: PMC6140741 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s176533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Angiogenesis is the main cause of lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sex-determining region Y-box protein 5 (SOX5) expression on angiogenesis of LAC and explore its possible mechanism. Patients and methods The effect on angiogenesis was tested by tube formation assays using human umbilical vein endothelial cells cocultured with A549 cells. Lentivirus shRNA of SOX5 and lentivirus of SOX5 overexpression system were used to establish LAC cell lines, which expressed SOX5 of different levels. SOX5 downstream signaling targets were analyzed by real-time qPCR and Western blot. We collected 90 LAC cases and the tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry for SOX5 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results We found that SOX5 overexpression in A549 cells significantly promoted tube formation capacity of the cocultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. SOX5 increased VEGF expression and signal transducer activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation; however, SOX5 had no effect on extracellular signal-regulated kinase and protein kinase B pathway. Furthermore, the expression of SOX5 and VEGF had a significantly positive correlation (r=0.399, P=0.001) according to the tissue microarray data. Conclusion These findings suggest that SOX5 induces angiogenesis by activating signal transducer activator of transcription 3/VEGF signaling and confer its candidacy as a potential therapeutic target in LAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Qi Zheng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Yiming Ni
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Yufei Fu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Gastro-Intestinal Pathophysiology, Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P. R. China,
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14
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Shi Y, Wu Q, Xuan W, Feng X, Wang F, Tsao BP, Zhang M, Tan W. Transcription Factor SOX5 Promotes the Migration and Invasion of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Part by Regulating MMP-9 Expression in Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:749. [PMID: 29706965 PMCID: PMC5906798 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) exhibit a unique aggressive phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Increased FLS migration and subsequent invasion of the extracellular matrix are essential to joint destruction in RA. Our previous research reported that transcription factor SOX5 was highly expressed in RA-FLS. Here, the effects of SOX5 in RA-FLS migration and invasion will be investigated. Methods The migration and invasion of RA-FLS were evaluated using a transwell chamber assay. The expression of several potential SOX5-targeted genes, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, 2, 3 and 9), chemokines (CCL4, CCL2, CCR5 and CCR2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), were examined in RA-FLS using SOX5 gain- and loss-of-function study. The molecular mechanisms of SOX5-mediated MMP-9 expressions were assayed by luciferase reporter gene and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies. The in vivo effect of SOX5 on FLS migration and invasion was examined using collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1J mice. Results Knockdown SOX5 decreased lamellipodium formation, migration, and invasion of RA-FLS. The expression of MMP-9 was the only gene tested to be concomitantly affected by silencing or overexpressing SOX5. ChIP assay revealed that SOX5 was bound to the MMP-9 promoter in RA-FLS. The overexpression of SOX5 markedly enhanced the MMP-9 promoter activity, and specific deletion of a putative SOX5-binding site in MMP-9 promoter diminished this promoter-driven transcription in FLS. Locally knocked down SOX5 inhibited MMP-9 expression in the joint tissue and reduced pannus migration and invasion into the cartilage in CIA mice. Conclusion SOX5 plays a novel role in mediating migration and invasion of FLS in part by regulating MMP-9 expression in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhua Xuan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoke Feng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Miaojia Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Wang Y, Qin T, Hu W, Chen B, Dai M, Xu G. Genome-Wide Methylation Patterns in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells: A Comprehensive Analysis Combining MeDIP-Bisulfite, RNA, and microRNA Sequencing Data. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9010032. [PMID: 29324665 PMCID: PMC5793184 DOI: 10.3390/genes9010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the development of the androgen-independent phenotype in prostate cancer. Methylation patterns were detected in androgen-independent and androgen-dependent lymph node carcinoma of the prostate (LNCaP) prostate carcinoma cells based on methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-bisulfite sequencing data and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs) with DMRs (named MDEGs and MDEmiRNAs) were identified by combining transcriptome and methylation data, and transcription factor (TF)-DEGs with DMRs in promoter (PMDEGs) and MDEmiRNA-MDEGs networks were constructed. Furthermore, a time-course analysis of gene transcription during androgen deprivation was performed based on microarray data and DMRs, MDEGs, and DEmiRNAs were validated. In total, 18,447 DMRs, 3369 MDEGs, 850 PMDEGs, and 1 MDEmiRNA (miR-429) were identified. A TF-target network (94 PMDEGs and 5 TFs) and a miRNA–target network (172 MDEGs and miR-429) were constructed. Based on the time-course analysis of genes in the networks, NEDD4L and PBX3 were targeted by SOX5, while GNAQ, ANLN, and KIF11 were targeted by miR-429. The expression levels of these genes and miR-429 were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, 109 DMRs were confirmed using additional public datasets. The regulatory pathways SOX5-NEDD4L/PBX3, miR429-GNAQ/ANLN—RHOA, and miR429-ANLN—KIF11 may participate in the progression of the androgen-independent phenotype in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Tingting Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Wangqiang Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Binghua Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Meijie Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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16
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Hu J, Tian J, Zhu S, Sun L, Yu J, Tian H, Dong Q, Luo Q, Jiang N, Niu Y, Shang Z. Sox5 contributes to prostate cancer metastasis and is a master regulator of TGF-β-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition through controlling Twist1 expression. Br J Cancer 2017; 118:88-97. [PMID: 29123266 PMCID: PMC5765224 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is one of the main contributors to the death of prostate cancer patients. To date, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying mCRPC are unclear. Given the crucial role of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis, we aimed to analyse the expression and function of Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signal-associated protein named Sox5 in mCRPC. Methods: The protein expression levels were analysed by western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation were employed to validate the target of Sox5. The effect of Smad3/Sox5/Twist1 on PCa progression was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Results: Here, we found that TGF-β-induced EMT was accompanied by increased Sox5 expression. Interestingly, knockdown of Sox5 expression attenuated EMT induced by TGF-β signalling. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Smad3 could bind to the promoter of Sox5 and regulate its expression. Mechanistically, Sox5 could bind to Twist1 promoter and active Twist1, which initiated EMT. Importantly, knockdown of Sox5 in prostate cancer cells resulted in less of the mesenchymal phenotype and cell migration ability. Furthermore, targeting Sox5 could inhibit prostate cancer progression in a xenograft mouse model. In clinic, patients with high Sox5 expression were more likely to suffer from metastases, and high Sox5 expression also has a lower progression-free survival and cancer specific-survival in clinic database. Conclusions: Therefore, we propose a new mechanism in which Smad3/Sox5/Twist1 promotes EMT and contributes to PCa progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Hu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China.,Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Shimiao Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Libin Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China.,Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jianpeng Yu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
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17
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SOX5 predicts poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma and promotes tumor metastasis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017. [PMID: 29541384 PMCID: PMC5834284 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes lung cancer progression and metastasis, especially in lung adenocarcinoma. Sex determining region Y-box protein 5 (SOX5) is known to stimulate the progression of various cancers. Here, we used immunohistochemical analysis to reveal that SOX5 levels were increased in 90 lung adenocarcinoma patients. The high SOX5 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and non-tumor counterparts correlated with the patients’ poor prognosis. Inhibiting SOX5 expression attenuated metastasis and progression in lung cancer cells, while over-expressing SOX5 accelerated lung adenocarcinoma progression and metastasis via EMT. An in vivo zebrafish xenograft cancer model also showed SOX5 knockdown was followed by reduced lung cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Our results indicate SOX5 promotes lung adenocarcinoma tumorigenicity and can be a novel diagnosis and prognosis marker of the disease.
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18
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Guo J, Cai H, Zheng J, Liu X, Liu Y, Ma J, Que Z, Gong W, Gao Y, Tao W, Xue Y. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 regulates permeability of the blood-tumor barrier via miR-181d-5p-mediated expression changes in ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2240-2254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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19
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Silencing of SOX12 by shRNA suppresses migration, invasion and proliferation of breast cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160053. [PMID: 27582508 PMCID: PMC5052717 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex determining region Y-box protein 12 (SOX12) is essential for embryonic development and cell fate determination. The role of SOX12 in tumorigenesis of breast cancer is not well-understood. Here, we found that SOX12 mRNA expression was up-regulated in human breast cancer tissues. To clarify the roles of SOX12 in breast cancer, we used lentiviral small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) to suppress its expression in two breast cancer cells with relatively higher expression of SOX12 (BT474 and MCF-7). Our findings strongly suggested that SOX12 was critical for cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. We found that silencing of SOX12 significantly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of MMP9 and Twist, while notably increased E-cadherin. Moreover, SOX12 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro and the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo Flow cytometry analysis revealed that breast cancer cells with SOX12 knockdown showed cell cycle arrest and decreased mRNA and protein levels of PCNA, CDK2 and Cyclin D1. Taken together, SOX12 plays an important role in growth inhibition through cell-cycle arrest, as well as migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.
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20
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Jiang X, Feng L, Dai B, Li L, Lu W. Identification of key genes involved in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 83:670-676. [PMID: 27765529 PMCID: PMC9449222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the most common cancer originating from the nasopharynx. Objective To study the mechanisms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, we analyzed GSE12452 microarray data. Methods GSE12452 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and included 31 nasopharyngeal carcinoma samples and 10 normal nasopharyngeal tissue samples. The differentially expressed genes were screened by ANOVA in the PGS package. Using the BiNGO plugin in Cytoscape and pathway enrichment analysis in the PGS package, functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed separately to predict potential functions of the differentially expressed genes. Furthermore, Transcription factor-differentially expressed gene pairs were searched, and then the transcription factor-differentially expressed gene regulatory network was visualized using Cytoscape software. Results A total of 487 genes were screened as differentially expressed genes between the nasopharyngeal carcinoma samples and the normal nasopharyngeal tissue samples. Enrichment analysis indicated that PTGS2 was involved in the regulation of biological process and small cell lung cancer. ZIC2 and OVOL1 may function in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through targeting significantly up-regulated genes (such as PTGS2, FN1, CXCL9 and CXCL10) in the Transcription factor-differentially expressed gene regulatory network (e.g., ZIC2→PTGS2 and OVOL1→CXCL10). Conclusion PTGS2, FN1, CXCL9, CXCL10, ZIC2 and OVOL1 might play roles in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Lichun Feng
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Baoqiang Dai
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Liping Li
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Weiwei Lu
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou, Hebei, China.
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21
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Modulation of IL-6 induced RANKL expression in arthritic synovium by a transcription factor SOX5. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32001. [PMID: 27550416 PMCID: PMC4994074 DOI: 10.1038/srep32001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) is critically involved in bone erosion of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We previously reported association between younger age at onset of RA and a RANKL promoter SNP that conferred an elevated promoter activity via binding to a transcription factor SOX5. Here we study the regulation of SOX5 levels in relation to RANKL expression in RA synovial fibroblasts (SF) and the development of bone erosion in the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse. Our data indicated SOX5 levels were higher in synovium and synovial fluid from RA compared to osteoarthritis patients. Pro-inflammatory cytokines upregulated SOX5 and RANKL expression in both primary RA SF and the rheumatoid synovial fibroblast cell line, MH7A. Overexpression of SOX5 resulted in significantly increased RANKL levels, while knockdown of SOX5 resulted in diminished IL-6 mediated RANKL upregulation in MH7A cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) showed approximately 3-fold enrichment of RANKL-specific DNA in anti-SOX5 immunoprecipitate in IL-6 treated MH7A cells as compared to untreated cells. Locally silencing SOX5 gene significantly diminished RANKL positive cells and bone erosion in CIA mice. These findings suggest SOX5 is an important regulator of IL-6-induced RANKL expression in RA SF.
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22
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Xu YR, Yang WX. SOX-mediated molecular crosstalk during the progression of tumorigenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:23-34. [PMID: 27476113 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
SOX family transcription factor has emerged as a double-edged sword relating to tumorigenesis and metastasis. Multiple studies have revealed different expression patterns and contradictory roles of SOX factors in the tumor initiation and progression. The aberrant expression of SOX factors is regulated by copy number alteration, methylation modulation, microRNAs, transcription factors and post-translational modification. This review summarizes the role of SOX factors in molecular interactions and signaling pathways during different steps of carcinogenesis, such as CSCs stemness maintenance, EMT occurrence, cell invasion, cell proliferation and apoptosis. The Wnt signaling pathway is also shown to provide vital intermediate signaling transduction. We believe that SOX family proteins may be used as prognostic markers for human clinical therapy, and novel therapy strategies targeting SOX factors should be explored in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Xu
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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23
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Zhang LY, Wu JL, Qiu HB, Dong SS, Zhu YH, Lee VHF, Qin YR, Li Y, Chen J, Liu HB, Bi J, Ma S, Guan XY, Fu L. PSCA acts as a tumor suppressor by facilitating the nuclear translocation of RB1CC1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:320-332. [PMID: 26785734 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive malignancy; its mechanisms of development and progression are poorly understood. By high-throughput transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) profiling of three pairs of primary ESCCs and their corresponding non-tumorous tissues, we identified that prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), a gene that encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, is significantly downregulated in ESCC. Here, we reported decreased expression of PSCA in 188/218 (86.2%) of primary ESCC cases and was negatively regulated by its transcription factor sex-determining region Y-box5 that was significantly associated with the poor differentiation (P = 0.003), increased lymph node metastasis (P < 0.0001), advanced stage (P = 0.007), and disease-specific survival (P < 0.0001), but not associated with the recently reported transcrible rs2294008 (C > T) polymorphism in ESCC. Functional studies showed that PSCA could arrest cell cycle progression and promote cell differentiation independent of the start codon polymorphism. Further mechanistic studies revealed that retinoblastoma 1-inducible coiled-coil 1 (RB1CC1), a key signaling node to regulate cellular proliferation and differentiation, interacted specifically with PSCA in ESCC cells. Binding of PSCA and RB1CC1 in cytoplasm resulted in stabilization and translocation of RB1CC1 into nucleus, thereby activating key factors involved in cell cycle arrest and differentiation. Collectively, our data provide a novel molecular mechanism for the tumor suppressor role of PSCA and may help design effective therapy targeting PSCA-RB1CC1 pathway to control esophageal cancer growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Room 56, 10/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 999077, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau 999078 , China
| | - Hai-Bo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China.,Department of Gastric and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Sui-Sui Dong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong , Room 56, 10/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Victor Ho-Fun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong , Room 56, 10/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Yan-Ru Qin
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450000 , China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong , Room 56, 10/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Hai-Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Jiong Bi
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510000 , China and
| | - Stephanie Ma
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong , Room 56, 10/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Room 56, 10/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 999077, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Li Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor and Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518000 , China
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Shiseki M, Masuda A, Yoshinaga K, Mori N, Okada M, Motoji T, Tanaka J. Identification of the SOX5 gene as a novel IGH-involved translocation partner in BCL2-negative follicular lymphoma with t(12;14)(p12.2;q32). Int J Hematol 2015; 102:633-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-015-1823-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Torres-Núñez E, Cal L, Suárez-Bregua P, Gómez-Marin C, Moran P, Gómez-Skarmeta JL, Rotllant J. Matricellular protein SPARC/osteonectin expression is regulated by DNA methylation in its core promoter region. Dev Dyn 2015; 244:693-702. [PMID: 25728805 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SPARC/osteonectin is an evolutionarily conserved matricellular protein that modulates cell-matrix interaction and cell function. In all vertebrates, SPARC is dynamically expressed during embryogenesis. However, the precise function of SPARC and the regulatory elements required for its expression in particular during early embryogenesis are largely unknown. RESULTS The present study was undertaken to explore the molecular mechanisms that regulate sparc gene expression by in vivo functional characterization of the sparc promoter and identification of possible putative regulatory elements that govern basal promoter activity. We report here transient expression analyses of eGFP expression from transgenic zebrafish containing a Sparc-iTol2-eGFP-BAC and/or 7.25 kb-sparc-Tol2-eGFP constructs. eGFP expression was specifically found in the notochord, otic vesicle, fin fold, intermediate cell mass, and olfactory placode of BAC and Tol2 transposon vectors injected embryos. Deletion analysis revealed that promoter activity resides in the unique 5'-untranslated intronic region. Computer-based analysis revealed a putative CpG island immediately proximal to the translation start site within the intron sequence. Global inhibition of methylation with 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine promoted sparc expression in association with decreasing CpG methylation. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data identify a contributory role for DNA methylation in regulating sparc expression in zebrafish embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Torres-Núñez
- Aquatic Molecular Pathobiology Lab, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain
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Qiu F, Sun R, Deng N, Guo T, Cao Y, Yu Y, Wang X, Zou B, Zhang S, Jing T, Ling T, Xie J, Zhang Q. miR-29a/b enhances cell migration and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by regulating SPARC and COL3A1 gene expression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120969. [PMID: 25786138 PMCID: PMC4364736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor associated with a genetic predisposition, Epstein-Barr virus infection and chromosomal abnormalities. Recently, several miRNAs have been shown to target specific mRNAs to regulate NPC development and progression. However, the involvement of miRNAs in processes leading to NPC migration and invasion remains to be elucidated. We predicted that miR-29a/b are associated with dysregulated genes controlling NPC through an integrated interaction network of miRNAs and genes. miR-29a/b over-expression in NPC cell lines had no significant effect on proliferation, whereas miR-29b mildly increased the percentage of cells in the G1 phase with a concomitant decrease in the percentage of cells in S phase. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-29a/b might be responsible for increasing S18 cell migration and invasion, and only COL3A1 was identified as a direct target of miR-29b despite the fact that both SPARC and COL3A1 were inhibited by miR-29a/b over-expression. Meanwhile, SPARC proteins were increased in metastatic NPC tissue and are involved in NPC progression. Unexpectedly, we identified that miRNA-29b expression was elevated in the serum of NPC patients with a high risk of metastasis. The 5-year actuarial overall survival rates in NPC patients with high serum miR-29b expression was significantly shorter than those with low serum miR-29b expression; therefore, serum miR-29b expression could be a promising prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Antibody Engineering Center in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yange Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingcheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (QZ); (JX)
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (QZ); (JX)
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SOX5 promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cell invasion via regulation of Twist1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Med Oncol 2015; 32:461. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Nagaraju GP, Dontula R, El-Rayes BF, Lakka SS. Molecular mechanisms underlying the divergent roles of SPARC in human carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:967-73. [PMID: 24675529 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Communication between the cell and its surrounding environment, consisting of proteinaceous (non-living material) and extracellular matrix (ECM), is important for biophysiological and chemical signaling. This signaling results in a range of cellular activities, including cell division, adhesion, differentiation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis. The ECM non-structural secretory glycoprotein called secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), plays a significant role in altering cancer cell activity and the tumor's microenvironment (TME). However, the role of SPARC in cancer research has been the subject of controversy. This review mainly focuses on recent advances in understanding the contradictory nature of SPARC in relation to ECM assembly, cancer cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, apoptosis and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA and
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29
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Pei XH, Lv XQ, Li HX. Sox5 induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition by transactivation of Twist1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:322-7. [PMID: 24607904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a highly conserved cellular program, plays an important role in normal embryogenesis and cancer metastasis. Twist1, a master regulator of embryonic morphogenesis, is overexpressed in breast cancer and contributes to metastasis by promoting EMT. In exploring the mechanism underlying the increased Twist1 in breast cancer cells, we found that the transcription factor SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box 5(Sox5) is up-regulation in breast cancer cells and depletion of Sox5 inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, depletion of Sox5 in breast cancer cells caused a dramatic decrease in Twist1 and chromosome immunoprecipitation assay showed that Sox5 can bind directly to the Twist1 promoter, suggesting that Sox5 transactivates Twist1 expression. We further demonstrated that knockdown of Sox5 up-regulated epithelial phenotype cell biomarker (E-cadherin) and down-regulated mesenchymal phenotype cell biomarkers (N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Fibronectin 1), resulting in suppression of EMT. Our study suggests that Sox5 transactivates Twist1 expression and plays an important role in the regulation of breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hong Pei
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Pathology, The Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Quan Lv
- Department of Pathology, The Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui-Xiang Li
- Department of Pathology, The Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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30
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Edwards SKE, Desai A, Liu Y, Moore CR, Xie P. Expression and function of a novel isoform of Sox5 in malignant B cells. Leuk Res 2013; 38:393-401. [PMID: 24418753 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Using a mouse model with the tumor suppressor TRAF3 deleted from B cells, we identified Sox5 as a gene strikingly up-regulated in B lymphomas. Sox5 proteins were not detected in normal or premalignant TRAF3(-/-) B cells even after treatment with B cell stimuli. The Sox5 expressed in TRAF3(-/-) B lymphomas represents a novel isoform of Sox5, and was localized in the nucleus of malignant B cells. Overexpression of Sox5 inhibited cell cycle progression, and up-regulated the protein levels of p27 and β-catenin in human multiple myeloma cells. Together, our findings indicate that Sox5 regulates the proliferation of malignant B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanique K E Edwards
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States; Graduate Program in Molecular Biosciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Anand Desai
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Carissa R Moore
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, United States.
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31
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Takamaru H, Yamamoto E, Suzuki H, Nojima M, Maruyama R, Yamano HO, Yoshikawa K, Kimura T, Harada T, Ashida M, Suzuki R, Yamamoto H, Kai M, Tokino T, Sugai T, Imai K, Toyota M, Shinomura Y. Aberrant methylation of RASGRF1 is associated with an epigenetic field defect and increased risk of gastric cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2012; 5:1203-12. [PMID: 22961779 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-12-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation is implicated in the epigenetic field defect seen in gastric cancer. Our aim in this study was to identify predictive biomarkers by screening for DNA methylation in noncancerous background gastric mucosa from patients with gastric cancer. Using methylated-CpG island amplification coupled with CpG island microarray (MCAM) analysis, we identified 224 genes that were methylated in the noncancerous gastric mucosa of patients with gastric cancer. Among them, RASGRF1 methylation was significantly elevated in gastric mucosa from patients with either intestinal or diffuse type gastric cancer, as compared with mucosa from healthy individuals (8.3% vs. 22.4%, P < 0.001; 8.3% vs. 19.4%, P < 0.001). RASGRF1 methylation was independent of mucosal atrophy and could be used to distinguish both serum pepsinogen test-positive [sensitivity, 70.0%; specificity, 86.7%; area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, AUC, 0.763] and -negative patients with gastric cancer (sensitivity, 72.2%; specificity, 87.0%; AUC, 0.844) from healthy individuals. Ectopic expression of RASGRF1 suppressed colony formation and Matrigel invasion by gastric cancer cells, suggesting it may be involved in gastric tumorigenesis. Collectively, our data suggest that RASGRF1 methylation is significantly involved in an epigenetic field defect in the stomach, and that it could be a useful biomarker to identify individuals at high risk for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Takamaru
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
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32
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Engler DA, Gupta S, Growdon WB, Drapkin RI, Nitta M, Sergent PA, Allred SF, Gross J, Deavers MT, Kuo WL, Karlan BY, Rueda BR, Orsulic S, Gershenson DM, Birrer MJ, Gray JW, Mohapatra G. Genome wide DNA copy number analysis of serous type ovarian carcinomas identifies genetic markers predictive of clinical outcome. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30996. [PMID: 22355333 PMCID: PMC3280266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death in women. Ovarian cancers display a high degree of complex genetic alterations involving many oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Analysis of the association between genetic alterations and clinical endpoints such as survival will lead to improved patient management via genetic stratification of patients into clinically relevant subgroups. In this study, we aim to define subgroups of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas that differ with respect to prognosis and overall survival. Genome-wide DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) were measured in 72 clinically annotated, high-grade serous tumors using high-resolution oligonucleotide arrays. Two clinically annotated, independent cohorts were used for validation. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of copy number data derived from the 72 patient cohort resulted in two clusters with significant difference in progression free survival (PFS) and a marginal difference in overall survival (OS). GISTIC analysis of the two clusters identified altered regions unique to each cluster. Supervised clustering of two independent large cohorts of high-grade serous tumors using the classification scheme derived from the two initial clusters validated our results and identified 8 genomic regions that are distinctly different among the subgroups. These 8 regions map to 8p21.3, 8p23.2, 12p12.1, 17p11.2, 17p12, 19q12, 20q11.21 and 20q13.12; and harbor potential oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian carcinoma. We have identified a set of genetic alterations that could be used for stratification of high-grade serous tumors into clinically relevant treatment subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Engler
- Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Whitehead Institute of Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Whitfield B. Growdon
- Department of Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ronny I. Drapkin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mai Nitta
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Petra A. Sergent
- Department of Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Serena F. Allred
- Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jenny Gross
- Women's Cancer Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Deavers
- Department of Pathology and Gynecology Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wen-Lin Kuo
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women's Cancer Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Bo R. Rueda
- Department of Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Women's Cancer Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - David M. Gershenson
- Department of Pathology and Gynecology Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Birrer
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joe W. Gray
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Gayatry Mohapatra
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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33
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Wang HY, Li YY, Shao Q, Hou JH, Wang F, Cai MB, Zeng YX, Shao JY. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis and poor prognosis. J Transl Med 2012; 10:27. [PMID: 22321704 PMCID: PMC3296637 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to analyse the expression of Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) specimens, and to evaluate its correlation with clinicopathologic features, including survival of patients with NPC Methods NPC tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), another three centers on mainland China, Singapore and Hong Kong. Using quantitative RT-PCR and Western-blotting techniques, we detected mRNA and protein expression of SPARC in NPC cell lines and immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (NPECs) induced by Bmi-1 (NPEC2 Bmi-1). The difference of SPARC expression in the cell lines was tested using a t-test method. The relationship between the SPARC expression and clinicopathological data was assessed by chi-square. Survival analysis was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier approach with log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinical variables were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results The expression levels of SPARC mRNA and protein were markedly higher in NPC cell lines than in NPEC2 Bmi-1. Especially, the expression levels of SPARC mRNA and protein were much lower in the 6-10B than in the 5-8 F (P = 0.002, P = 0.001). SPARC immunostaining revealed cytoplasmic localization in NPC cells and no staining in the stroma and epithelium. In addition, high level of SPARC positively correlated with the status of distant metastasis (P = 0.001) and WHO histological classification (P = 0.023). NPC patients with high SPARC expression also had a significantly poorer prognosis than patients with low SPARC expression (log-rank test, P < 0.001), especially patients with advanced stage disease (log-rank, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis suggested that the level of SPARC expression was an independent prognostic indicator for the overall survival of patients with NPC (P < 0.001). Conclusions SPARC expression is common in NPC patients. Our data shows that elevated SPARC expression is a potential unfavorable prognostic factor for patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
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Wang HY, Sun BY, Zhu ZH, Chang ET, To KF, Hwang JS, Jiang H, Kam MKM, Chen G, Cheah SL, Lee M, Liu ZW, Chen J, Zhang JX, Zhang HZ, He JH, Chen FL, Zhu XD, Huang MY, Liao DZ, Fu J, Shao Q, Cai MB, Du ZM, Yan LX, Hu CF, Ng HK, Wee JT, Qian CN, Liu Q, Ernberg I, Ye W, Adami HO, Chan AT, Zeng YX, Shao JY. Eight-Signature Classifier for Prediction of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Survival. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29:4516-4525. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.33.7741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Currently, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) prognosis evaluation is based primarily on the TNM staging system. This study aims to identify prognostic markers for NPC. Patients and Methods We detected expression of 18 biomarkers by immunohistochemistry in NPC tumors from 209 patients and evaluated the association between gene expression level and disease-specific survival (DSS). We used support vector machine (SVM) –based methods to develop a prognostic classifier for NPC (NPC-SVM classifier). Further validation of the NPC-SVM classifier was performed in an independent cohort of 1,059 patients. Results The NPC-SVM classifier integrated patient sex and the protein expression level of seven genes, including Epstein-Barr virus latency membrane protein 1, CD147, caveolin-1, phospho-P70S6 kinase, matrix metalloproteinase 11, survivin, and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine. The NPC-SVM classifier distinguished patients with NPC into low- and high-risk groups with significant differences in 5-year DSS in the evaluated patients (87% v 37.7%; P < .001) in the validation cohort. In multivariate analysis adjusted for age, TNM stage, and histologic subtype, the NPC-SVM classifier was an independent predictor of 5-year DSS in the evaluated patients (hazard ratio, 4.9; 95% CI, 3.0 to 7.9) in the validation cohort. Conclusion As a powerful predictor of 5-year DSS among patients with NPC, the newly developed NPC-SVM classifier based on tumor-associated biomarkers will facilitate patient counseling and individualize management of patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yun Wang
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Bing-Yu Sun
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Zhi-Hua Zhu
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Ellen T. Chang
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Jacqueline S.G. Hwang
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Hao Jiang
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Michael Koon-Ming Kam
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Gang Chen
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Shie-Lee Cheah
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Ming Lee
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Zhi-Wei Liu
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Jing Chen
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Jia-Xing Zhang
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Hui-Zhong Zhang
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Jie-Hua He
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Fa-Long Chen
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhu
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Ma-Yan Huang
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Ding-Zhun Liao
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Jia Fu
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Qiong Shao
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Man-Bo Cai
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Zi-Ming Du
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Li-Xu Yan
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Chun-Fang Hu
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Ho-Keung Ng
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Joseph T.S. Wee
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Qing Liu
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Ingemar Ernberg
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Weimin Ye
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Anthony T. Chan
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
| | - Jian-Yong Shao
- Hai-Yun Wang, Zhi-Hua Zhu, Jing Chen, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hui-Zhong Zhang, Jie-Hua He, Ma-Yan Huang, Ding-Zhun Liao, Jia Fu, Qiong Shao, Man-Bo Cai, Zi-Ming Du, Li-Xu Yan, Chao-Nan Qian, Qing Liu, Yi-Xin Zeng, and Jian-Yong Shao, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou; Bing-Yu Sun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; Ka-Fai To, Michael Koon-Ming Kam, Ho-Keung Ng, and Anthony T. Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Fa-Long Chen and Xiao-Dong Zhu, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; Hao
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Anti-cancer role of SPARC, an inhibitor of adipogenesis. Cancer Treat Rev 2011; 37:559-66. [PMID: 21237573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SPARC (a secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) has a reputation for being potent anti-cancer and anti-obesity molecule. It is one of the first known matricellular protein that modulates interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) and is associated with the 'balance' of white adipose tissue (WAT) as well as lipogenesis and lipolysis during adipogenesis. Adipogenesis is an indication for the development of obesity and has been related to a wide variety of cancers including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, esophageal cancer, etc. Adipogenesis mainly involves ECM remodeling, changes in cell-ECM interactions, and cytoskeletal rearrangement. SPARC can also prevent hypertrophy of adipocytes and hyperplasia of adipocyte progenitors. In addition to SPARC's inhibitory role in adipogenesis, it has also been known to be involved in cell cycle, cell proliferation, cell invasion, adhesion, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Molecular cancer biology and clinical biochemistry have significantly enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms that motivate the anti-cancer and anti-obesity action of SPARC. Recent studies elucidating the signaling pathways that are activated by SPARC can help develop the beneficial aspects of SPARC for cancer therapy and obesity prevention. This review focuses on the anti-cancer role of SPARC as it pertains to obesity.
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Tan W, Wu H, Zhao J, Derber LA, Lee DM, Shadick NA, Conn DL, Smith EA, Gersuk VH, Nepom GT, Moreland LW, Furst DE, Thompson SD, Jonas BL, Holers VM, Glass DN, Chen PP, Bridges SL, Weinblatt ME, Paulus HE, Tsao BP. A functional RANKL polymorphism associated with younger age at onset of rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 62:2864-75. [PMID: 20533289 DOI: 10.1002/art.27589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously observed the association of the co-occurrence of the HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) and RANKL single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with younger age at the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in 182 rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive European American patients with early-onset RA. The aim of this study was to fine-map the 48-kb RANKL region in the extended cohort of 210 European American RF-positive patients with early RA, to seek replication of RA-associated SNPs in additional RA cohorts of 501 European Americans and 298 African Americans, and to explore the functional consequences of RA-associated SNPs. METHODS SNP genotyping was conducted using pyrosequencing or TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Associations of rs7984870 with RANKL expression in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and isolated T cells were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription-PCR. Site-directed mutagenesis of rs7984870 within the 2-kb RANKL promoter was performed to drive the luciferase reporter gene in osteoblast and stromal cell lines. Interaction of DNA and protein was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS A single promoter SNP, rs7984870, was consistently significantly associated with earlier age at the onset of RA in 3 independent seropositive (RF or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody) RA cohorts but not in seronegative RA patients. The C risk allele of rs7984870 conferred 2-fold higher plasma RANKL levels in RF-positive patients with RA, significantly elevated RANKL messenger RNA expression in activated normal T cells, and increased promoter activity after stimulation in vitro via differential binding to the transcription factor SOX5. CONCLUSION The RANKL promoter allele that increased transcription levels upon stimulation might promote interaction between activated T cells and dendritic cells, predisposing to a younger age at the onset of RA in seropositive European American and African American patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Tan
- David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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Jafarnejad SM, Wani AA, Martinka M, Li G. Prognostic significance of Sox4 expression in human cutaneous melanoma and its role in cell migration and invasion. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2010; 177:2741-52. [PMID: 20952589 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Sox4 transcription factor is involved in various cellular processes, such as embryonic development and differentiation. Deregulated expression of Sox4 in several human cancers has been reported to date, but its role in melanoma is unknown. We explored the role of Sox4 in melanoma pathogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Using tissue microarray, we evaluated Sox4 expression in 180 melanocytic lesions and investigated its role in melanoma cell migration and invasion. Sox4 expression was remarkably reduced in metastatic melanoma compared with dysplastic nevi (P < 0.05) and primary melanoma (P < 0.01). This reduction was correlated with a poorer disease-specific survival of melanoma patients (P = 0.039). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that reduced Sox4 expression is an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.049). Knockdown of Sox4 enhanced melanoma cell invasion, migration, and stress fiber formation. The increased migration and invasion on Sox4 knockdown depends on the presence of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p50 and is abrogated when p50 is knocked down. We further observed inhibition of NF-κB p50 transcription by Sox4, in addition to a reverse pattern of expression of Sox4 and NF-κB p50 in different stages of melanocytic lesions. Our results suggest that Sox4 regulates melanoma cell migration and invasion in an NF-κB p50-dependent manner and may serve as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for human melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mehdi Jafarnejad
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Mathews LA, Hurt EM, Zhang X, Farrar WL. Epigenetic regulation of CpG promoter methylation in invasive prostate cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:267. [PMID: 20929579 PMCID: PMC2958982 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, much attention has been focused on gaining a better understanding of the different populations of cells within a tumor and their contribution to cancer progression. One of the most commonly used methods to isolate a more aggressive sub-population of cells utilizes cell sorting based on expression of certain cell adhesion molecules. A recently established method we developed is to isolate these more aggressive cells based on their properties of increased invasive ability. These more invasive cells have been previously characterized as tumor initiating cells (TICs) that have a stem-like genomic signature and express a number of stem cell genes including Oct3/4 and Nanog and are more tumorigenic compared to their 'non-invasive' counterpart. They also have a profile reminiscent of cells undergoing a classic pattern of epithelial to mesenchymal transition or EMT. Using this model of invasion, we sought to investigate which genes are under epigenetic control in this rare population of cells. Epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA methylation, are key events regulating the process of normal human development. To determine the specific methylation pattern in these invasive prostate cells, and if any developmental genes were being differentially regulated, we analyzed differences in global CpG promoter methylation. RESULTS Differentially methylated genes were determined and select genes were chosen for additional analyses. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase BMX and transcription factor SOX1 were found to play a significant role in invasion. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed the methylated gene list frequently displayed genes from the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Cells which have decreased levels of the targets BMX and SOX1 also display loss of STAT3 activity. Finally, using Oncomine, it was determined that more aggressive metastatic prostate cancers in humans also have higher levels of both Stat3 and Sox1. CONCLUSIONS Using this method we can begin to understand which genes are epigenetically regulated in the invasive population compared to the bulk tumor cells. These aggressive sub-populations of cells may be linked to the cancer stem cell hypothesis, making their patterns of epigenetic regulation very attractive for biomarker analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley A Mathews
- Cancer Stem Cell Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Friard O, Re A, Taverna D, De Bortoli M, Corá D. CircuitsDB: a database of mixed microRNA/transcription factor feed-forward regulatory circuits in human and mouse. BMC Bioinformatics 2010; 11:435. [PMID: 20731828 PMCID: PMC2936401 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-11-435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcription Factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are key players for gene expression regulation in higher eukaryotes. In the last years, a large amount of bioinformatic studies were devoted to the elucidation of transcriptional and post-transcriptional (mostly miRNA-mediated) regulatory interactions, but little is known about the interplay between them. DESCRIPTION Here we describe a dynamic web-accessible database, CircuitsDB, supporting a genome-wide transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory network integration, for the human and mouse genomes, based on a bioinformatic sequence-analysis approach. In particular, CircuitsDB is currently focused on the study of mixed miRNA/TF Feed-Forward regulatory Loops (FFLs), i.e. elementary circuits in which a master TF regulates an miRNA and together with it a set of Joint Target protein-coding genes. The database was constructed using an ab-initio oligo analysis procedure for the identification of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional interactions. Several external sources of information were then pooled together to obtain the functional annotation of the proposed interactions. Results for human and mouse genomes are presented in an integrated web tool, that allows users to explore the circuits, investigate their sequence and functional properties and thus suggest possible biological experiments. CONCLUSIONS We present CircuitsDB, a web-server devoted to the study of human and mouse mixed miRNA/TF Feed-Forward regulatory circuits, freely available at: http://biocluster.di.unito.it/circuits/
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Friard
- Center for Molecular Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina, 13 - I-10123 Torino, Italy
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Xu YZ, Heravi M, Thuraisingam T, Di Marco S, Muanza T, Radzioch D. Brg-1 mediates the constitutive and fenretinide-induced expression of SPARC in mammary carcinoma cells via its interaction with transcription factor Sp1. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:210. [PMID: 20687958 PMCID: PMC2924311 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular protein that mediates cell-matrix interactions. It has been shown, depending on the type of cancer, to possess either pro- or anti-tumorigenic properties. The transcriptional regulation of the SPARC gene expression has not been fully elucidated and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on this process have not been explored. Results In the present study, we demonstrated that chromatin remodeling factor Brg-1 is recruited to the proximal SPARC promoter region (-130/-56) through an interaction with transcription factor Sp1. We identified Brg-1 as a critical regulator for the constitutive expression levels of SPARC mRNA and protein in mammary carcinoma cell lines and for SPARC secretion into culture media. Furthermore, we found that Brg-1 cooperates with Sp1 to enhance SPARC promoter activity. Interestingly, fenretinide [N-4(hydroxyphenyl) retinamide, 4-HPR], a synthetic retinoid with anti-cancer properties, was found to up-regulate the transcription, expression and secretion of SPARC via induction of the Brg-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, our results demonstrated that fenretinide-induced expression of SPARC contributes significantly to a decreased invasion of mammary carcinoma cells. Conclusions Overall, our results reveal a novel cooperative role of Brg-1 and Sp1 in mediating the constitutive and fenretinide-induced expression of SPARC, and provide new insights for the understanding of the anti-cancer effects of fenretinide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhong Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Kuo YS, Tang YB, Lu TY, Wu HC, Lin CT. IGFBP-6 plays a role as an oncosuppressor gene in NPC pathogenesis through regulating EGR-1 expression. J Pathol 2010; 222:299-309. [DOI: 10.1002/path.2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Shi X, Tang C, Wang W, Zhou D, Lu Z. Digital quantification of gene expression using emulsion PCR. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:528-34. [PMID: 20119960 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe a single-molecule quantitative assay of mRNA levels based on mRNA mediate-ligation and BEAMing (beads, emulsion, amplification, and magnetics) technique, which allows accurate and parallel measurement of multiple genes from a small amount of cells. In this method, a pair of oligos complementary target mRNA was used to probe transcripts for each gene of interest. The ligated products of oligos pair were clonally amplified on beads in millions of parallel compartmentalized droplets in a water-in-oil emulsion. The levels of each transcript within a sample were measured by counting the number of the correspondingly amplified beads which were immobilized on a glass surface. To demonstrate its utility, this method has been applied to the quantitation of the mRNA levels for two transcription factors, Klf4 and Sox5, and a housekeeping gene, Gapdh, in human leukemia K562 cells before and after induction with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Interestingly, we found a significant downregulation of the mRNA level of Sox5 after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate treatment. The mRNA mediate-ligation and BEAMing technique provides an accurate and sensitive way to quantify the amount of multiple specific mRNA in a very small number of cells, which may be valuable in the studies requiring precise and parallel quantization of multiple mRNA in the defined cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
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Chew LJ, Gallo V. The Yin and Yang of Sox proteins: Activation and repression in development and disease. J Neurosci Res 2010; 87:3277-87. [PMID: 19437544 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The general view of development consists of the acquisition of committed/differentiated phenotypes following a period of self-renewal and progenitor expansion. Lineage specification and progression are phenomena of antagonistic events, silencing tissue-specific gene expression in precursors to allow self-renewal and multipotentiality, and subsequently suppressing proliferation and embryonic gene expression to promote the restricted expression of tissue-specific genes during maturation. The high mobility group-containing Sox family of transcription factors constitutes one of the earliest classes of genes to be expressed during embryonic development. These proteins not only are indispensable for progenitor cell specification but also are critical for terminal differentiation of multiple cell types in a wide variety of lineages. Sox transcription factors are now known to induce or repress progenitor cell characteristics and cell proliferation or to activate the expression of tissue-specific genes. Sox proteins fulfill their diverse functions in developmental regulation by distinct molecular mechanisms. Not surprisingly, in addition to DNA binding and bending, Sox transcription factors also interact with different protein partners to function as coactivators or corepressors of downstream target genes. Here we seek to provide an overview of the current knowledge of Sox gene functional mechanisms, in an effort to understand their roles in both development and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jin Chew
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Arnold SA, Brekken RA. SPARC: a matricellular regulator of tumorigenesis. J Cell Commun Signal 2009; 3:255-73. [PMID: 19809893 PMCID: PMC2778590 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-009-0072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many clinical studies have found a correlation of SPARC expression with malignant progression and patient survival, the mechanisms for SPARC function in tumorigenesis and metastasis remain elusive. The activity of SPARC is context- and cell-type-dependent, which is highlighted by the fact that SPARC has shown seemingly contradictory effects on tumor progression in both clinical correlative studies and in animal models. The capacity of SPARC to dictate tumorigenic phenotype has been attributed to its effects on the bioavailability and signaling of integrins and growth factors/chemokines. These molecular pathways contribute to many physiological events affecting malignant progression, including extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, immune modulation and metastasis. Given that SPARC is credited with such varied activities, this review presents a comprehensive account of the divergent effects of SPARC in human cancers and mouse models, as well as a description of the potential mechanisms by which SPARC mediates these effects. We aim to provide insight into how a matricellular protein such as SPARC might generate paradoxical, yet relevant, tumor outcomes in order to unify an apparently incongruent collection of scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna A Arnold
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Division of Surgical Oncology and Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-8593 USA
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Lefebvre V. The SoxD transcription factors--Sox5, Sox6, and Sox13--are key cell fate modulators. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 42:429-32. [PMID: 19647094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sox5, Sox6, and Sox13 constitute the group D of sex-determining region (Sry)-related transcription factors. They are highly conserved in the family-specific high-mobility-group (HMG) box DNA-binding domain and in a group-specific coiled-coil domain. The latter mediates SoxD protein dimerization and thereby preferential binding to pairs of DNA recognition sites. The SoxD genes have overlapping expression and cell-autonomously control discrete lineages. Sox5 and Sox6 redundantly enhance chondrogenesis, but retard gliogenesis. Sox5 hinders melanogenesis, promotes neural crest generation, and controls the pace of neurogenesis. Sox6 promotes erythropoiesis, and Sox13 modulates T cell specification and is an autoimmune antigen. SoxD proteins enhance transactivation by Sox9 in chondrocytes, but antagonize Sox9 and other SoxE proteins in oligodendrocytes and melanocytes, and also repress transcription through various mechanisms in several other lineages. While their biological and molecular functions remain incompletely understood, the SoxD proteins have thus already proven that they critically modulate cell fate in major lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Lefebvre
- Department of Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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Hwang YC, Lu TY, Huang DY, Kuo YS, Kao CF, Yeh NH, Wu HC, Lin CT. NOLC1, an enhancer of nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression, is essential for TP53 to regulate MDM2 expression. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2009; 175:342-54. [PMID: 19541936 PMCID: PMC2708820 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common cancers among Chinese living in South China, Singapore, and Taiwan. At present, its etiological factors are not well defined. To identify which genetic alterations might be involved in NPC pathogenesis, we identified genes that were differentially expressed in NPC cell lines and normal nasomucosal cells using subtractive hybridization and microarray analysis. Most NPC cell lines and biopsy specimens were found to have higher expression levels of the gene encoding nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1 (NOLC1) as compared with normal cells. Severe combined immunodeficiency mice bearing NPC xenografts derived from NOLC1-short hairpin-RNA-transfected animals were found to have 82% lower levels of tumor growth than control mice as well as marked tumor cell apoptosis. Measuring the expression levels of genes related to cell growth, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, we found that the MDM2 gene was down-regulated in the transfectants. Both co-transfection and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments showed that tumor protein 53-regulated expression of the MDM2 gene requires co-activation of NOLC1. These findings suggest that NOLC1 plays a role in the regulation of tumorigenesis of NPC and demonstrate that both NOLC1 and tumor protein 53 work together synergistically to activate the MDM2 promoter in NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chyi Hwang
- Institute of Pathology,College of Medicine, NationalTaiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ma S, Chan YP, Woolcock B, Hu L, Wong KY, Ling MT, Bainbridge T, Webber D, Chan THM, Guan XY, Lam W, Vielkind J, Chan KW. DNA fingerprinting tags novel altered chromosomal regions and identifies the involvement of SOX5 in the progression of prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2009; 124:2323-32. [PMID: 19173284 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Identification of genomic alterations associated with the progression of prostate cancer may facilitate the better understanding of the development of this highly variable disease. Matched normal, premalignant high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive prostate carcinoma cells were procured by laser capture microdissection (LCM) from human radical prostatectomy specimens. From these cells, comparative DNA fingerprints were generated by a modified PCR-based technique called scanning of microdissected archival lesion (SMAL)-PCR. Recurrent polymorphic fingerprint fragments were used in tagging altered chromosomal regions. Altered regions were found at cytobands 1p31.3, 1q44, 2p23.1, 3p26.3, 3q22.3, 4q22.3, 4q35.2, 5q23.2, 8q22.3, 8q24.13, 9q21.3, 9q22.32, 10q11.21, 11p13, 12p12.1, 13q12.1, 16q12.2 and 18q21.31. Candidate genes in the surrounding area that may possibly harbor mutations that change normal prostatic cells to progress into their tumor stages were proposed. Of these fragments, a 420 bp alteration, absent in all 26 normal samples screened, was observed in 2 tumors. This fragment was cloned, sequenced and localized to chromosome 12p12.1. Within this region, candidate gene sex determining region Y-box 5 (SOX5) was proposed. Further studies of SOX5 in cell lines, xenografts and human prostate specimens, at both the RNA and protein levels, found overexpression of the gene in tumors. This overexpression was then subsequently found by fluorescent in situ hybridization to be caused by amplification of the region. In conclusion, our results suggest LCM coupled with SMAL-PCR DNA fingerprinting is a useful method for the screening and identification of chromosomal regions and genes associated with cancer development. Further, overexpression of SOX5 is associated with prostate tumor progression and early development of distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Ma
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Sox5 can suppress platelet-derived growth factor B-induced glioma development in Ink4a-deficient mice through induction of acute cellular senescence. Oncogene 2009; 28:1537-48. [PMID: 19219070 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SOX5 is a member of the high-mobility group superfamily of architectural non-histone proteins involved in gene regulation and maintenance of chromatin structure in a wide variety of developmental processes. Sox5 was identified as a brain tumor locus in a retroviral insertional mutagenesis screen of platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB)-induced mouse gliomas. Here we have investigated the role of Sox5 in PDGFB-induced gliomagenesis in mice. We show that Sox5 can suppress PDGFB-induced glioma development predominantly upon Ink4a-loss. In human glioma cell lines and tissues, we found very low levels of SOX5 compared with normal brain. Overexpression of Sox5 in human glioma cells led to a reduction in clone formation and inhibition of proliferation. Combined expression of Sox5 and PDGFB in primary brain cell cultures caused decreased proliferation and an increased number of senescent cells in the Ink4a-/- cells only. Protein analyses showed a reduction in the amount and activation of Akt and increased levels of p27(Kip1) upon Sox5 expression that was dominant to PDGFB signaling and specific to Ink4a-/- cells. Upon inhibition of p27(Kip1), the effects of Sox5 on proliferation and senescence could be reversed. Our data suggest a novel pathway, where Sox5 may suppress the oncogenic effects of PDGFB signaling during glioma development by regulating p27(Kip1) in a p19(Arf)-dependent manner, leading to acute cellular senescence.
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