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Wu H. Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas: a narrative review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1409197. [PMID: 38962271 PMCID: PMC11220528 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1409197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas (UCOGCP) is a rare pancreatic tumor that accounts for less than 1% of all pancreatic malignancies. The characteristic pathological manifestation of UCOGCP is the presence of osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs) distributed among pleomorphic undifferentiated tumor cells. UCOGCP can occur either alone or in association with other types of pancreatic tumors. At present, there is no unified consensus or guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of UCOGCP, and most of the literature are individual case reports. With the accumulation in the number of clinical cases and the development of precision medicine technology, the understanding of UCOGCP is also deepening. Researchers have begun to recognize that UCOGCP is a pancreatic tumor with distinctive clinical and molecular characteristics. In this review, we focus on the latest research status and future exploration directions in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of UCOGCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Wu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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2
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Chung K, Nawazish A, Chai SM, Bhandari M, Uthamalingam P. Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells arising from an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm: report of a rare case highlighting diagnostic difficulties. Pathology 2024; 56:594-597. [PMID: 38160096 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Chung
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Arfa Nawazish
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Siaw Ming Chai
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mayank Bhandari
- Department of Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Preithy Uthamalingam
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
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3
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Mylonakis A, Driva TS, Lykoudis P, Frountzas M, Machairas N, Tsapralis D, Toutouzas KG, Schizas D. Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas: An individual participant data meta-analysis. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2024; 28:125-133. [PMID: 38389117 PMCID: PMC11128790 DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.23-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UC-OGCs) of the pancreas is a rare neoplasm that accounts for less than 1% of all pancreatic malignancies. The aim of this study was to review the literature regarding UC-OGC, and to highlight its biological behavior, clinicopathologic characteristics, prognosis, and therapeutic options. A systematic review of the literature in PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases was performed (last search October 31st, 2023) for articles concerning pancreatic UC-OGC in the adult population. Fifty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 69 patients with a male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1 and a mean age of 62.96. Main symptoms included abdominal pain (33.3%), jaundice (14.5%), weight loss (8.7%), while fourteen patients (20.3%) were asymptomatic. Surgical resection was performed in 88.4% of cases. Survival rates at one, three, and five years were 58%, 44.7%, and 37.3% respectively. Sex, age, size (cut-off of 4 cm), location, and adjuvant treatment did not significantly affect patient survival. UC-OGC of the pancreas is a rare subtype of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma with a better prognosis than conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma or undifferentiated carcinoma without giant cells. The establishment of a dedicated patient registry is imperative to further delineate the optimal treatment for this uncommon clinical entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Mylonakis
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Tatiana S. Driva
- First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagis Lykoudis
- Third Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maximos Frountzas
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Machairas
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Konstantinos G. Toutouzas
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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4
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Tambasco ML, Echelard P, Perrault F, Temmar R, Trinh VQH, Collin Y. Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells, a two cases report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 116:109419. [PMID: 38387371 PMCID: PMC10944003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Fine needle aspiration is the standard method for the pathological evaluation of pancreatic masses. In the following context, rare variants of such masses might present a challenge. Our goal is to describe the clinical, cytological, and histological findings of two cases of undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOCGC) a rare variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). CASE PRESENTATION Two cases were identified. Cytological findings exhibit similarities between the two cases. One patient received multiple chemotherapy regimens and a surgery and recurred within three years of diagnosis, while the other succumbed to cholangitis resulting from hepatic metastases a year after their initial surgery. DISCUSSION UCOCGC is a rare variant of pancreatic cancer, characterized by a unique cytological aspect. Recognizing this variant is essential considering its distinct prognosis compared to usual pancreatic adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION We presented two cases of UCOCGC a rare pancreatic cancer variant, exposing diagnostic particularities and clinical evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Tambasco
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Philippe Echelard
- Department of Pathology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Florence Perrault
- Department of Pathology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Rabia Temmar
- Department of Pathology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, United States.
| | - Yves Collin
- Department of Surgery, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
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5
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Kan M, Kouchi Y, Ohyama H, Usui G, Fukuyo M, Takano S, Kishimoto T, Kaneda A, Ohtsuka M, Kato N. Genomic Analysis of Undifferentiated Carcinoma of the Pancreas with Squamous Differentiation: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e55175. [PMID: 38558649 PMCID: PMC10980578 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an intractable malignancy associated with a dismal prognosis. Undifferentiated carcinoma, a rare subtype, poses a clinical challenge owing to a limited understanding of its molecular characteristics. In this study, we conducted genomic analysis specifically on a case of undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas exhibiting squamous differentiation. An 80-year-old male, previously treated for colorectal cancer, presented with a mass with central cystic degeneration in the pancreatic tail. The mass was diagnosed pathologically as undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with squamous differentiation. Despite surgical resection and chemotherapy, the patient faced early postoperative recurrence, emphasizing the aggressive nature of this malignancy. Genomic analysis of distinct histologic components revealed some common mutations between undifferentiated and squamous components, including Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) and TP53. Notably, the squamous component harbored some specific mutations in SMARCA4 and SMARCB1 genes that code for members of the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex. The common mutations in the undifferentiated and squamous cell carcinoma components from this analysis suggest that they originate from a common origin. The discussion also underscores the scarcity of genomic analyses on undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas, with existing literature pointing to SWI/SNF complex-related gene mutations. However, our case introduces chromatin remodeling factor mutations as relevant in squamous differentiation. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the genomic landscape of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma with squamous differentiation. These findings suggest the importance of further research and targeted therapies to improve the management of undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas and enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Genki Usui
- Molecular Oncology, Chiba University, Chiba, JPN
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Naoya Kato
- Gastroenterology, Chiba University, Chiba, JPN
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6
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Land G, Van Haeringen B, Cooper C, Andelkovic V, O'Rourke T. A Rare Case of Rhabdoid Pancreatic Carcinoma: Prolonged Disease-Free Survival Following Upfront Resection and Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Cureus 2023; 15:e50145. [PMID: 38186431 PMCID: PMC10771581 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The rhabdoid subtype of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma is rarely reported. The clinical course of this disease is therefore poorly understood, although it is apparently an aggressive malignancy. We herein discuss the case of a 69-year-old man presenting with a rapidly enlarging mass of the pancreatic body and tail who was diagnosed with locally advanced SMARCB1-deficient undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma with rhabdoid features, treated with radical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, and has achieved 18-month disease-free survival ongoing at the time of article publication. We identify and contrast our case with 15 similar tumors reported in the English literature, briefly discuss the biology of this tumor, its relationship to malignant rhabdoid tumors of childhood, the role of SMARCB1 and its parent complex switch/sucrose-non-fermentable chromatin remodeling complex (SWI/SNF) in modulating the behavior of pancreatic malignancy, and the potential therapeutic avenues available for SWI/SNF-mutated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Land
- General Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, AUS
| | | | - Caroline Cooper
- Anatomical Pathology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, AUS
| | | | - Thomas O'Rourke
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, AUS
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7
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Chan W, Park S, Shirkhoda L, O'Connell R, Houshyar R. Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2023; 17:477. [PMID: 37968764 PMCID: PMC10652427 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Undifferentiated carcinomas of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCPOGC) are rare pancreatic neoplasms that account for less than 1% of all pancreatic malignancies. This case report of a 54-year-old male with metastatic UCPOGC adds to the existing literature and further ascertains the clinical and imaging features, treatment options, and prognosis of this rare entity. CASE PRESENTATION We present the detailed clinical course of a 54-year-old Asian male patient with UCPOGC, with focus on the relevant clinical features and imaging findings that are characteristic of this disease entity. CONCLUSIONS UCPOGC is an extremely rare pancreatic tumor with a unique histopathology and clinical course. It is often difficult to distinguish UCPOGCs from other pancreatic tumors, such as traditional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC), on imaging, and it therefore remains a pathological diagnosis. Surgery is generally regarded as the first-line treatment option, and the roles of chemotherapy and radiation are unclear. Due to the exceeding rarity of this tumor, large-scale clinical studies are not feasible. Therefore, it is important to share individual insights and experiences to improve our understanding and care for patients with this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Chan
- Irvine Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, 101 The City Drive South, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Sungmee Park
- Irvine Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, 101 The City Drive South, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Layla Shirkhoda
- Irvine Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, 101 The City Drive South, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Ryan O'Connell
- Irvine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Roozbeh Houshyar
- Irvine Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, 101 The City Drive South, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
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8
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Simbolo M, Silvestris N, Malleo G, Mafficini A, Maggino L, Cocomazzi A, Veghini L, Mombello A, Pezzini F, Sereni E, Martelli FM, Gkountakos A, Ciaparrone C, Piredda ML, Ingravallo G, Paolino G, Nappo F, Rapposelli IG, Frassinetti L, Saragoni L, Lonardi S, Pea A, Paiella S, Fassan M, Brunetti O, Cingarlini S, Salvia R, Milella M, Corbo V, Lawlor RT, Scarpa A, Luchini C. Clinical and Genomic Characterization of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Signet-Ring/Poorly Cohesive Cells. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100251. [PMID: 37355152 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Signet-ring cell (SRC)/poorly cohesive cell carcinoma is an aggressive variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to clarify its clinicopathologic and molecular profiles based on a multi-institutional cohort of 20 cases. The molecular profiles were investigated using DNA and RNA sequencing. The clinicopathologic parameters and molecular alterations were analyzed based on survival indices and using a validation/comparative cohort of 480 conventional PDAC patients. The primary findings were as follows: (1) clinicopathologic features: SRC carcinomas are highly aggressive neoplasms with poor prognosis, and the lungs are elective metastatic sites; (2) survival analysis: a higher SRC component was indicative of poorer prognosis. In particular, the most clinically significant threshold of SRC was 80%, showing statistically significant differences in both disease-specific and disease-free survival; (3) genomic profiles: SRC carcinomas are similar to conventional PDAC with the most common alterations affecting the classic PDAC drivers KRAS (70% of cases), TP53 (55%), SMAD4 (25%), and CDKN2A (20%). EGFR alterations, RET::CCDC6 fusion gene, and microsatellite instability (3 different cases, 1 alteration per case) represent novel targets for precision oncology. The occurrence of SMAD4 mutations was associated with poorer prognosis; (4) pancreatic SRC carcinomas are genetically different from gastric SRC carcinomas: CDH1, the classic driver gene of gastric SRC carcinoma, is not altered in pancreatic SRC carcinoma; (5) transcriptome analysis: the cases clustered into 2 groups, one classical/exocrine-like, and the other squamous-like; and (6) SRC carcinoma-derived organoids can be successfully generated, and their cultures preserve the histologic and molecular features of parental SRC carcinoma. Although pancreatic SRC carcinoma shares similarities with conventional PDAC regarding the most important genetic drivers, it also exhibits important differences. A personalized approach for patients with this tumor type should consider the clinical relevance of histologic determination of the SRC component and the presence of potentially actionable molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Simbolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Malleo
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Mafficini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Maggino
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Lisa Veghini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Mombello
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Pezzini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sereni
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Filippo M Martelli
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Ciaparrone
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria L Piredda
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paolino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Floriana Nappo
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Saragoni
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, AUSL Romagna, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Paiella
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, and Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Vari, Italy
| | - Sara Cingarlini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Oncology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Department of Medicine, Section of Oncology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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9
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Imaoka H, Ikeda M, Umemoto K, Sunakawa Y, Ueno M, Ueno H, Ozaka M, Kuwahara T, Okano N, Kanai M, Hisano T, Suzuki Y, Asagi A, Shioji K, Todaka A, Tsuji K, Ikezawa K, Miki I, Komatsu Y, Akutsu N, Yamashita T, Okuyama H, Furuse J, Nagano H. Comprehensive review of undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas: from epidemiology to treatment. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2023; 53:764-773. [PMID: 37325968 PMCID: PMC10473279 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) of the pancreas is a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer displaying no definitive direction of differentiation. UC has been reported as a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm, with a median overall survival of <1 year, except for several surgical series. On the other hand, UC tissue sometimes contains non-neoplastic osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs), and such cases have been reported to have relatively longer survival. Thus, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification histologically distinguishes UC with OGCs (UCOGCs) from UC, and UCs were subclassified into three subtypes: anaplastic UC, sarcomatoid UC and carcinosarcoma. However, still less is known about UC due to its rarity, and such situations lead to further difficulties in treatment for UC. To date, only surgical resection can offer curative treatment for patients with UC, and no clear evidence for chemotherapy exists for them. However, a retrospective cohort study and case reports showed that relatively promising results paclitaxel-containing regimens for treatment of patients with unresectable UC. Furthermore, high programmed cell death protein 1 expression has been reported in sarcomatoid UCs and UCOGCs, and promising responses to anti-programmed death-ligand 1 therapy have been described in case reports of UCOGCs. Recent advances in chemotherapeutic agents and molecular technologies are opening up the possibilities for expanded treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Imaoka
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ikeda
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kumiko Umemoto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yu Sunakawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Ozaka
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Medicine Department, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takamichi Kuwahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naohiro Okano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Kanai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Terumasa Hisano
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuko Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akinori Asagi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Shioji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiko Todaka
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Ikezawa
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ikuya Miki
- Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan
| | - Yoshito Komatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Akutsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okuyama
- Department of Medical Clinical Oncology, Kagawa University Hospital, MikiKagawa, Japan
| | - Junji Furuse
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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10
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Veron Sanchez A, Santamaria Guinea N, Cayon Somacarrera S, Bennouna I, Pezzullo M, Bali MA. Rare Solid Pancreatic Lesions on Cross-Sectional Imaging. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2719. [PMID: 37627978 PMCID: PMC10453474 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Several solid lesions can be found within the pancreas mainly arising from the exocrine and endocrine pancreatic tissue. Among all pancreatic malignancies, the most common subtype is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), to a point that pancreatic cancer and PDAC are used interchangeably. But, in addition to PDAC, and to the other most common and well-known solid lesions, either related to benign conditions, such as pancreatitis, or not so benign, such as pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs), there are solid pancreatic lesions considered rare due to their low incidence. These lesions may originate from a cell line with a differentiation other than exocrine/endocrine, such as from the nerve sheath as for pancreatic schwannoma or from mesenchymal cells as for solitary fibrous tumour. These rare solid pancreatic lesions may show a behaviour that ranges in a benign to highly aggressive malignant spectrum. This review includes cases of an intrapancreatic accessory spleen, pancreatic tuberculosis, solid serous cystadenoma, solid pseudopapillary tumour, pancreatic schwannoma, purely intraductal neuroendocrine tumour, pancreatic fibrous solitary tumour, acinar cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclastic-like giant cells, adenosquamous carcinoma, colloid carcinoma of the pancreas, primary leiomyosarcoma of the pancreas, primary and secondary pancreatic lymphoma and metastases within the pancreas. Therefore, it is important to determine the correct diagnosis to ensure optimal patient management. Because of their rarity, their existence is less well known and, when depicted, in most cases incidentally, the correct diagnosis remains challenging. However, there are some typical imaging features present on cross-sectional imaging modalities that, taken into account with the clinical and biological context, contribute substantially to achieve the correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Veron Sanchez
- Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (I.B.)
| | | | | | - Ilias Bennouna
- Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (I.B.)
| | - Martina Pezzullo
- Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Antonietta Bali
- Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (I.B.)
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Giansante V, Stati G, Sancilio S, Guerra E, Alberti S, Di Pietro R. The Dual Role of Necroptosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12633. [PMID: 37628814 PMCID: PMC10454309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death. PC incidence has continued to increase by about 1% each year in both men and women. Although the 5-year relative survival rate of PC has increased from 3% to 12%, it is still the lowest among cancers. Hence, novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Challenges in PC-targeted therapeutic strategies stem from the high PC heterogeneity and from the poorly understood interplay between cancer cells and the surrounding microenvironment. Signaling pathways that drive PC cell growth have been the subject of intense scrutiny and interest has been attracted by necroptosis, a distinct type of programmed cell death. In this review, we provide a historical background on necroptosis and a detailed analysis of the ongoing debate on the role of necroptosis in PC malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Giansante
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Biomorphology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Stati
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Biomorphology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Sancilio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Biomorphology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Emanuela Guerra
- Laboratory of Cancer Pathology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Saverio Alberti
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Biomorphology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Miyata T, Nishiki H, Shinden Y, Motoyama S, Sannomiya Y, Tamezawa H, Nagayama T, Hashimoto A, Kaida D, Miyashita T, Fujita H, Ueda N, Takamura H. A case of anaplastic carcinoma of the pancreas with intrasplenic huge mass formation. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad349. [PMID: 37342525 PMCID: PMC10279510 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic carcinoma of the pancreas (ACP) is an aggressive pancreatic tumor that grows rapidly, and its clinical characteristics are poorly defined because of its rarity. Thus, preoperative diagnosis is difficult and most definitive diagnoses are generally made by surgery, highlighting the importance of collecting more cases of ACP. We report a case of a 79-year-old woman with ACP that was difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Abdominal enhanced computed tomography revealed a large and expansive tumor in the spleen containing multilocular cystic and solid components. The first preoperative diagnosis was splenic angiosarcoma, and the tumor could be resected by distal pancreatectomy, total gastrectomy and partial transverse colectomy. ACP was first diagnosed based on postoperative histopathological findings. ACP that spreads to the spleen and forms an intrasplenic mass is rare. However, ACP should be included in the differential diagnosis of such patients, and further research of ACP is essential for a favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miyata
- Correspondence address. Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan. Tel: +81-76-286-2211; Fax: +81-76-286-4626; E-mail:
| | - Hisashi Nishiki
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Yuki Shinden
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Shota Motoyama
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Yuta Sannomiya
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Hozumi Tamezawa
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Taigo Nagayama
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Akifumi Hashimoto
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kaida
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Miyashita
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Hideto Fujita
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ueda
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takamura
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
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13
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Sakakida T, Ishikawa T, Doi T, Morita R, Kataoka S, Miyake H, Yamaguchi K, Moriguchi M, Sogame Y, Yasuda H, Iwasaku M, Konishi H, Takayama K, Itoh Y. Genomic landscape and clinical features of rare subtypes of pancreatic cancer: analysis with the national database of Japan. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:575-585. [PMID: 37029223 PMCID: PMC10199859 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-01986-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Special subtypes of pancreatic cancer, such as acinar cell carcinoma (ACC), adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC), and anaplastic carcinoma of the pancreas (ACP), are rare, and so data on them are limited. Using the C-CAT database, we analyzed clinical and genomic characteristics of patients with these and evaluated differences on comparison with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data on 2691 patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer: ACC, ASC, ACP, and PDAC, entered into C-CAT from June 2019 to December 2021. The clinical features, MSI/TMB status, genomic alterations, overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and time to treatment failure (TTF) on receiving FOLFIRINOX (FFX) or GEM + nab-PTX (GnP) therapy as first-line treatment were evaluated. RESULTS Numbers of patients with ACC, ASC, ACP, and PDAC were 44 (1.6%), 54 (2.0%), 25 (0.9%), and 2,568 (95.4%), respectively. KRAS and TP53 mutations were prevalent in ASC, ACP, and PDAC (90.7/85.2, 76.0/68.0, and 85.1/69.1%, respectively), while their rates were both significantly lower in ACC (13.6/15.9%, respectively). Conversely, the rate of homologous recombination-related (HRR) genes, including ATM and BRCA1/2, was significantly higher in ACC (11.4/15.9%) than PDAC (2.5/3.7%). In ASC and ACP, no significant differences in ORR, DCR, or TTF between FFX and GnP were noted, while ACC patients showed a trend toward higher ORR with FFX than GnP (61.5 vs. 23.5%, p = 0.06) and significantly more favorable TTF (median 42.3 vs. 21.0 weeks, respectively, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS ACC clearly harbors different genomics compared with PDAC, possibly accounting for differences in treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Sakakida
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Cancer Genome Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
- Department of Cancer Genome Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
- Outpatient Oncology Unit, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Toshifumi Doi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Cancer Genome Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Morita
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Cancer Genome Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seita Kataoka
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hayato Miyake
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kanji Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Michihisa Moriguchi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sogame
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yasuda
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iwasaku
- Department of Cancer Genome Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Konishi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Koichi Takayama
- Department of Cancer Genome Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Outpatient Oncology Unit, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji Agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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14
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Ran H, Chen G, He Y, Yu Q, Xie Y, Liu J, Liu H, Zhang T. Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast‑like giant cells of the pancreas: A case report. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:252. [PMID: 37153037 PMCID: PMC10161351 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas (UCOGCP) is a rare pancreatic tumor that accounts for <1% of all primary pancreatic malignant tumors. Although the tumor is considered a variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, there are substantial differences in the clinicopathological characteristics between UCOGCP and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Imaging examinations are useful in making a correct diagnosis, and providing a reasonable and effective surgical treatment regimen; however, the imaging characteristics of UCOGCP require further investigation. The present report describes a rare case of UCOGCP with rapid progression and poor prognosis. The patient could not undergo surgery and received chemotherapy drugs only. Chemotherapy did not markedly improve the outcome, and a follow-up 6 months after discharge showed that the patient had died. The present report describes this case and summarizes the available imaging findings to increase awareness, and to improve early diagnosis of this rare disease and therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Ran
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Guiqin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Yulun He
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Qiane Yu
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Xie
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Tijiang Zhang or Professor Heng Liu, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Tijiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Tijiang Zhang or Professor Heng Liu, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China, E-mail:
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15
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EUS-guided fine needle biopsy is able to provide diagnosis in rare osteoclast-like giant cells undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas: Report of two cases. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MEDECINE INTERNE 2023; 61:116-124. [PMID: 36884386 DOI: 10.2478/rjim-2023-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells (UC-OGC) is a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer, accounting for less than 1% of all pancreatic tumors. Preoperative diagnosis is cumbersome as cross-sectional imaging is often not capable to distinguish between UCOGC and other pancreatic tumors such as pancreatic adenocarcinoma, mucinous carcinoma or neuroendocrine tumors and specific tumor markers seem to be lacking. Endoscopic ultrasound r `m(EUS) with tissue acquisition via fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or biopsy (FNB) with microscopic HE staining and immunohistochemistry allows for an accurate diagnosis, thus influencing further treatment. We present herein the cases of two patients with osteoclast-like giant cells tumors of the pancreas diagnosed by EUS-guided fine needle biopsy and perform a literature review on the role of EUS-guided biopsy for diagnosis.
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16
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Shamanova AY, Rostovtsev DM, Privalov AV, Yarina LV, Aristarkhova KS, Sychugov GV, Vasil'kova IV, Artem'eva AS, Saevets VV, Alymov EA. [Undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells]. Arkh Patol 2023; 85:62-69. [PMID: 36785964 DOI: 10.17116/patol20238501162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the structure of malignant oncological diseases of the Russian population, pancreatic cancer (PCa) occupies the 10th place with a high mortality rate in case of late diagnosis, which is primarily due to the minimal clinical manifestations of this pathology and the absence of precancer as a potential substrate for screening. Undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cell (UC-OGC) is a rare histological variant of PCa with discussed bidirectional histogenesis (epithelial and mesenchymal), epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the tumor and variable prognosis depending on the predominant cellular component. A review of the literature reflecting debatable issues of origin, clinical and pathological characteristics and prognosis of UC-OGC, as well as a description of a clinical case is relevant due to the rare occurrence of this tumor in the routine work of pathologists and oncologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yu Shamanova
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - D M Rostovtsev
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - A V Privalov
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - L V Yarina
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - K S Aristarkhova
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - G V Sychugov
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - I V Vasil'kova
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - A S Artem'eva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V V Saevets
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - E A Alymov
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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17
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Mugaanyi J, Lu C, Huang J, Lu C. Undifferentiated Pancreatic Carcinomas, Clinical Features and Therapeutic Options: What We Know. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246102. [PMID: 36551588 PMCID: PMC9776693 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated pancreatic carcinomas are rare malignant tumors of the pancreas that are very aggressive and challenging to diagnose. The WHO categorizes them into undifferentiated osteoclast-like giant cell, sarcomatoid, and rhabdoid pancreatic carcinomas. Patients present with nonspecific symptoms such as jaundice, vague abdominal or back pain and itchy skin. Their histological characteristics include positive pan-cytokeratin mononuclear pleomorphic cells, osteoclast-like giant cells and CD68. Patients may have KRAS, TP53 and SMAD4 alterations, homozygous deletions of CDKN2A and CDKN2B, as well as INI1 deficiency. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment. Patients may benefit from postoperative adjuvant therapy. There are no widely accepted guidelines specific to this type of tumor; however, some chemotherapy regimens may be promising. The patient prognosis is mostly poor, especially in patients with unresectable tumors. However, several studies have shown patients achieving long-term survival with adjuvant therapy. In conclusion, although undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma is rare and very aggressive, there is still potential for improved patient survival with proper diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Mugaanyi
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Changjiang Lu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Caide Lu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Correspondence:
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18
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Yamamoto T, Kohashi K, Yamada Y, Kawata J, Sakihama K, Matsuda R, Koga Y, Aishima S, Nakamura M, Oda Y. Relationship between cellular morphology and abnormality of SWI/SNF complex subunits in pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:2945-2957. [PMID: 34817661 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03860-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma (UDC) is a rare tumor with a worse prognosis than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recent study showed that UDC exhibits loss of SMARCB1, which is one of the subunits of the SWI/SNF complex. However, whether there are abnormalities of other SWI/SNF complex subunits in UDC has remained unknown. In this study, we attempted to clarify whether the loss of SWI/SNF complex subunits is related to the pathogenesis of UDC by comparing undifferentiated component (UC) and ductal adenocarcinoma component (DAC). METHODS Genetic analysis of the ten UCs and six DACs was performed. The expression of ARID1A, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, SMARCC1, and SMARCC2 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues collected by surgical resection from 18 UDC patients was evaluated immunohistochemically. Moreover, two pancreatic cell lines were evaluated for the effects of siARID1A on the mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin, vimentin, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers by qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS UCs tended to have a higher frequency of mutation in ARID1A, SMARCA4, and SMARCC2 than DACs. Immunohistochemically, UCs revealed reduced/lost expression of ARID1A (72%), SMARCB1 (44%), SMARCC1 (31%), and SMARCC2 (67%). Reduced/lost expression of ARID1A, SMARCB1, and SMARCC2 was significantly more frequently observed in UCs than in DACs. In the pancreatic cell lines, western blotting and qRT-PCR showed that the downregulation of ARID1A increased the expression of vimentin and EMT-related markers. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the abnormality of SWI/SNF complex subunits, especially ARID1A, is one of the factors behind the morphological change of UDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamada
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Kawata
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kukiko Sakihama
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsuda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Koga
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinichi Aishima
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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19
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Abstract
Pancreatic giant cell tumors (PGCTs), undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma are rare tumors of the pancreas. PGCTs consist of osteoclastic, pleomorphic and mixed variants. PGCT is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. PGCT has a worse prognosis than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Although surgery can be curative, there is no standard treatment approach for advanced PGCT. We present a case of PGCT that is resistant to standard therapy and progresses in a short time.
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20
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Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Lung with a Mural Nodule-like Lesion. Am J Surg Pathol 2022; 46:1524-1532. [PMID: 35939825 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung shares some clinicopathological features with mucinous carcinoma of other organs, such as the ovary. Sarcoma-like lesions, called mural nodules, have been reported in the cystic walls of ovarian mucinous tumors. In this study, we analyzed 213 surgically resected cases of IMA of the lung to determine whether similar mural nodule-like lesions were present. We considered abrupt discrete lesions composed of dedifferentiated tumor cells as mural nodule-like lesions. Of 213 IMAs, we identified 11 tumors with mural nodule-like lesions that were histologically categorized into three subtypes similar to those in the ovary. The sarcomatoid and anaplastic carcinoma-like nodules were composed of spindle cell proliferations and polygonal undifferentiated carcinoma, respectively. Sarcoma-like lesions mimicked sarcomatoid nodules, but the spindle cell proliferations were considered a fibroblastic reaction to the scattered, isolated clusters of tumor cells. Molecular analysis of the components of differentiated IMAs and mural nodule-like lesions revealed a clonal relationship, suggesting a spectrum of tumors with different histology. Clinicopathologically, an older age, the male sex, and smokers were significantly associated with IMAs with mural nodule-like lesions. Notably, patient outcomes were unaffected by the presence or absence of these lesions. Our findings demonstrated that IMA of the lung rarely develops mural nodule-like lesions (11 of 213, 5%). Despite a histological impression of clinical aggressiveness, there was no clear trend in patient outcomes, suggesting that pathologists should avoid overstating this mural nodule-like lesion.
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Swaid MB, Vitale E, Alatassi N, Siddiqui H, Yazdani H. Metastatic Undifferentiated Osteoclast-Like Giant Cell Pancreatic Carcinoma. Cureus 2022; 14:e27586. [PMID: 36059324 PMCID: PMC9433786 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated osteoclast-like giant cell pancreatic carcinoma (UC-OGC) is a rare pancreatic carcinoma that is composed of osteoclast-like giant cells among other cells and is hardly described in literature due to its infrequent presentation. With that, a rare symptom of pancreatic cancers is upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. We report a 76-year-old African American male who presented with one episode of bloody emesis associated with intermittent episodes of severe abdominal pain and a 25 lbs of unintentional weight loss secondary to metastatic UC-OGC. The patient was stabilized and referred to an oncologist for further treatment. We present this case to add to the existing literature on UC-OGC of the pancreas.
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22
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Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas mimicking pancreatic pseudocyst. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2022; 21:403-405. [PMID: 35792012 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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23
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Soman A, Asha Nair S. Unfolding the cascade of SERPINA3: Inflammation to cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188760. [PMID: 35843512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SERine Protease INhibitor clade A member 3 (SERPINA3), a member of the SERine-Protease INhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily, principally works as a protease inhibitor in maintaining cellular homeostasis. It is a matricellular acute-phase glycoprotein that appears to be the sole nuclear-binding secretory serpin. Several studies have emerged in recent years demonstrating its link to cancer and disease biology. SERPINA3 seems to have cancer- and compartment-specific biological functions, acting either as a tumour promoter or suppressor in different cancers. However, the localization, mechanism of action and the effectors of SERPINA3 in physiological and pathological scenarios remain obscure. Our review aims to consolidate the current evidence of SERPINA3 in various cancers, highlighting its association with the cancer hallmarks and ratifying its status as an emerging cancer biomarker. The elucidation of SERPINA3-mediated cancer progression and its targeting might shed light on the realm of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Soman
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India; Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - S Asha Nair
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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24
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Wang X, Miao J, Wang S, Shen R, Zhang S, Tian Y, Li M, Zhu D, Yao A, Bao W, Zhang Q, Tang X, Wang X, Li J. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals the genesis and heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment in pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant-cells. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:133. [PMID: 35733218 PMCID: PMC9214989 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs) of pancreas (UCOGCP) is a rare subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which had poorly described histopathological and clinical features. METHODS In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to profile the distinct tumor microenvironment of UCOGCP using samples obtained from one UCOGCP patient and three PDAC patients. Bioinformatic analysis was carried out and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to support the findings of bioinformatic analysis. After quality control of the raw data, a total of 18,376 cells were obtained from these four samples for subsequent analysis. These cells were divided into ten main cell types following the Seurat analysis pipeline. Among them, the UCOGCP sample displayed distinct distribution patterns from the rest samples in the epithelial cell, myeloid cell, fibroblast, and endothelial cell clusters. Further analysis supported that the OGCs were generated from stem-cell-like mesenchymal epithelial cells (SMECs). RESULTS Functional analysis showed that the OGCs cluster was enriched in antigen presentation, immune response, and stem cell differentiation. Gene markers such as LOX, SPERINE1, CD44, and TGFBI were highly expressed in this SMECs cluster which signified poor prognosis. Interestingly, in myeloid cell, fibroblasts, and endothelial cell clusters, UCOGCP contained higher percentage of these cells and unique subclusters, compared with the rest of PDAC samples. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of cell communication depicted that CD74 plays important roles in the formation of the microenvironment of UCOGCP. Our findings illustrated the genesis and function of OGCs, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) of UCOGCP, providing insights for prognosis and treatment strategy for this rare type of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaying Miao
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Sizhen Wang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongxi Shen
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210046 Jiangsu China
| | - Yurao Tian
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Li
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Daojun Zhu
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Anlong Yao
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Xingming Tang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyun Wang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieshou Li
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
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25
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Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells of the Common Bile Duct: A Case Report of a Rare Entity at an Unusual Location. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071517. [PMID: 35885423 PMCID: PMC9324465 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) is a rare variant of carcinoma with unique radiological and pathological features. This unusual carcinoma has been reported in a variety of organs and pancreas is the most frequently involved anatomical site. UCOGC of pancreas attains a relatively indolent clinical behavior and should be distinguished from ordinary pancreatobiliary adenocarcinoma. This paper presents the first case of UCOGC involving the entire segment of common bile duct (CBD) and common hepatic duct (CHD) without extending to the pancreatic tissue. Getting familiar with its clinical, radiological and pathological characters can help establish accurate diagnosis despite the occurrence of an unusual location.
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26
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Gupta K, Goyal S, Chaudhary D, Sakhuja P, Narang P, Nag HH. Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of pancreas on cytology: A case report with review of literature. Diagn Cytopathol 2022; 50:E289-E294. [PMID: 35678119 DOI: 10.1002/dc.25001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UC-OGC) is a rare malignant neoplasm accounting for <1% of pancreatic masses. Very few case reports and small series have described the cytomorphological features of this entity. We report a case of UC-OGC arising in the pancreas presenting with liver metastasis in a 56-year-old man diagnosed by guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). A characteristic biphasic pattern comprising of malignant mononuclear cells with scattered bland giant cells were the hallmark features for cytological diagnosis. Our case along with review of cytology literature emphasize the utility of FNAC and the cell block in the diagnosis and management of this rare entity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Surbhi Goyal
- Department of Pathology, GIPMER, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Puja Sakhuja
- Department of Pathology, GIPMER, New Delhi, India
| | - Poonam Narang
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, GIPMER, New Delhi, India
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27
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Igarashi Y, Gocho T, Taniai T, Uwagawa T, Hamura R, Shirai Y, Yasuda J, Haruki K, Furukawa K, Ikegami T. Conversion surgery for undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2022; 8:42. [PMID: 35286506 PMCID: PMC8921425 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-022-01385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGCs) is a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer (PC), and its clinicopathological characteristics are still unclear. Herein, we report a case of initially unresectable UCOGC that was successfully resected after FOLFIRINOX therapy. Case presentation A 63-year-old man was referred to us for evaluation of a pancreatic mass detected by computed tomography (CT) during a medical checkup. Computed tomography showed a 7.5-cm tumor located in the pancreatic head and body, which involved the common hepatic artery (CHA), gastroduodenal artery (GDA), and main portal vein (PV) with tumor thrombus. UCOGC was suspected by endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration, and the patient was diagnosed with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer. After ten cycles of FOLFIRINOX, the tumor size decreased to 3 cm and the tumor thrombus in the main portal trunk had disappeared in the follow-up CT scan. However, the patient experienced severe adverse drug reactions, including neutropenia and liver dysfunction. Therefore, we performed pancreatoduodenectomy with portal vein resection. The pathological diagnosis was UCOGC with a negative tumor margin. He was treated with FOLFIRINOX, and remains recurrence-free for 6 months after surgery. Conclusions We experienced a case undergoing conversion surgery for unresectable UCOGC, which resulted in R0 resection. FOLFIRINOX could be a possible regimen to achieve conversion surgery for UCOGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Igarashi
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Takeshi Gocho
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Taniai
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Tadashi Uwagawa
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Ryoga Hamura
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Shirai
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Jungo Yasuda
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Koichiro Haruki
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kenei Furukawa
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Toru Ikegami
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
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28
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Juvenile polyposis diagnosed with an integrated histological, immunohistochemical and molecular approach identifying new SMAD4 pathogenic variants. Fam Cancer 2022; 21:441-451. [PMID: 35075588 PMCID: PMC9636285 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-022-00289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile polyposis (JP) is a rare familial syndrome characterized by the development of numerous hamartomatous polyps of the gastrointestinal tract and by an increased risk of developing gastrointestinal cancers. It follows a pattern of autosomal dominant inheritance and is associated with germline variants of SMAD4 or BMPR1A genes. Differential diagnosis may be difficult based on histology alone, due to morphological similarities to other familial syndromes. Here we report a case of familial JP diagnosed in a 50-years woman with a familial history positive for gastrointestinal cancers and other tumor types. The patient presented with severe iron deficiency anemia and showed numerous polyps in the stomach and jejunum according to endoscopy and imaging. She underwent an intra-gastric laparoscopic removal of the major gastric polyp, followed by jejunal exploration and resection of a segment with multiple neoformations. Histological examination revealed the presence of hamartomatous polyposis. Gastric and intestinal samples were analyzed with next-generation sequencing. Molecular analysis showed that the patient harbored a germline splicing site variant of SMAD4, c.1139 + 3A > G, which was complemented by different somatic variants of the same gene in the different polyps. Immunohistochemistry for SMAD4 confirmed loss of protein expression in the polyps, with regular expression in normal cells. cDNA sequencing further confirmed the findings. We thus definitively diagnosed the woman as having JP thanks to an integrated approach based on histology, immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis. The identified variants, all previously reported as variants of unknown significance, were classified as pathogenic as they complemented each other leading to SMAD4 loss.
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29
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Rusu A, Giuşcă SE, Apostol DGC, Ionescu L, Căruntu ID. Cephalic undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells arising from the main pancreatic duct: case report and literature review. Arch Clin Cases 2021; 6:6-21. [PMID: 34754903 PMCID: PMC8565694 DOI: 10.22551/2019.22.0601.10148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cell (UCOGC) is a ductal carcinoma variant with a recently reported more protracted survival and pathognomonic histology comprising two cell populations: the mononuclear tumoral cells and nontumoral multinucleated giant cells. It usually presents as a large heterogenic tumor with mixed solid-cystic components. The tumor develops from the ductal epithelium but the sequence of epithelial changes is often not identified due to the rapid tumoral growth and associated necrotic changes. We report a case of a 76-year-old patient diagnosed with cephalic UCOGC originating in the epithelium of the main pancreatic duct with endoluminal growth and foci of other ductal neoplasms (high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and conventional ductal carcinoma). The particularity of our case consists in the identification of the columnar epithelium conversion, through high-grade PanIN, into UCOGC specific malignant features, in a large size tumor - aspect usually reported in small tumors. Alongside our case we also present a brief literature review of cephalic UCOGC case reports and case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Rusu
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I - Histology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Simona Eliza Giuşcă
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I - Pathology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Delia Gabriela Ciobanu Apostol
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I - Pathology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.,Department of Pathology "Sf. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Lidia Ionescu
- Department of Surgery, Third Surgery Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Irina-Draga Căruntu
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I - Histology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
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30
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Silvestris N, Argentiero A, Brunetti O, Sonnessa M, Colonna F, Delcuratolo S, Luchini C, Scarpa A, Lonardi S, Nappo F, Fassan M, Solimando AG, Fucci L, Saponaro C. PD-L1 and Notch as novel biomarkers in pancreatic sarcomatoid carcinoma: a pilot study. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:1007-1016. [PMID: 34846251 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.2011859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The improved immunological understanding revealed the tumor microenvironment as an appealing driver to restore the immune response against cancer cells resulting in a paradigm shift in the oncology field. However, the complexity of the tumor milieu suggests the role of several pathways linking in immunomodulation mechanisms. Pancreatic cancer represents a model of the intricate relationship between malignant cells and their surrounding neighborhood. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this study, we analyzed, retrospectively, six cases of rare pancreatic sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) and evaluated the expression of PD-L1 and Notch, aiming to explore new attributes in immunophenotype. RESULTS PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1was common in PSCs (83%) with half samples expressing PD-L1 CPS ≥ 50. Notch1 and Notch3 demonstrated a high range of expression. A direct significant correlation between PD-L1 and Notch3 overexpression (r = 0.7; p = 0.036) has been observed. Immunofluorescence studies revealed a co-localization of Notch3 and PD-L1 when both proteins were over-expressed within cytoplasmic or membranous compartments of the same cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify a unique biological characterization of this rare pancreatic histotype. These findings provide a rationale for future studies evaluating the potential crosstalk between PD-L1/PD-1 axis and Notch pathways and prompting the development of novel therapeutics strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo Ii" of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Argentiero
- Medical Oncology Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo Ii" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo Ii" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Margherita Sonnessa
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo Ii" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Fulvia Colonna
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo Ii" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Sabina Delcuratolo
- Clinical Trial Office IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo Ii" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Enets Center of Excellence of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Enets Center of Excellence of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Arc-net Applied Research on Cancer Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Early Phase Clinical Trial Unit, Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology Iov-irccs, Padua, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology Iov - Irccs, Padua, Italy
| | - Floriana Nappo
- Early Phase Clinical Trial Unit, Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology Iov-irccs, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (Dimed), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Oncology Iov - Irccs, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Giovanni Solimando
- Medical Oncology Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo Ii" of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Livia Fucci
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo Ii" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Saponaro
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo Ii" of Bari, Bari, Italy
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31
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Kharkhach A, Bouhout T, Serji B, El Harroudi T. Undifferentiated Pancreatic Carcinoma with Osteoclast-like Giant Cells: a Review and Case Report Analysis. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 52:1106-1113. [PMID: 33447945 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Kharkhach
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Tarik Bouhout
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Badr Serji
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Tijani El Harroudi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
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32
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Luchini C, Fassan M, Doglioni C, Capelli P, Ingravallo G, Renzulli G, Pecori S, Paolino G, Florena AM, Scarpa A, Zamboni G. Inflammatory and tumor-like lesions of the pancreas. Pathologica 2021; 112:197-209. [PMID: 33179622 PMCID: PMC7931580 DOI: 10.32074/1591-951x-168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory/tumor-like lesions of the pancreas represent a heterogeneous group of diseases that can variably involve the pancreatic gland determining different signs and symptoms. In the category of inflammatory/tumor-like lesions of the pancreas, the most important entities are represented by chronic pancreatitis, which includes alcoholic, obstructive and hereditary pancreatitis, paraduodenal (groove) pancreatitis, autoimmune pancreatitis, lymphoepithelial cyst, pancreatic hamartoma and intrapancreatic accessory spleen. An in-depth knowledge of such diseases is essential, since they can cause severe morbidity and may represent a potential life-threatening risk for patients. Furthermore, in some cases the differential diagnosis with malignant tumors may be challenging. Herein we provide a general overview of all these categories, with the specific aim of highlighting their most important clinic-pathological hallmarks to be used in routine diagnostic activities and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Vita e Salute University, Milan, Italy.,Pathology Unit, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Capelli
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Renzulli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Sara Pecori
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paolino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ada M Florena
- Department of Sciences for Promotion of Health and Mother and Child Care, Anatomic Pathology, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zamboni
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.,IRCSS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Italy
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33
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Ueberroth BE, Liu AJ, Graham RP, Bekaii-Saab TS, McWilliams RR, Mahipal A, Truty MJ, Mody K, Sonbol MB, Halfdanarson TR. Osteoclast-Like Giant Cell Tumors of the Pancreas: Clinical Characteristics, Genetic Testing, and Treatment Modalities. Pancreas 2021; 50:952-956. [PMID: 34369897 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to better characterize patient characteristics, treatment options, and outcomes for osteoclast-like giant cell carcinoma of the pancreas, a rare subtype of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS This is a retrospective study of all patients with osteoclast-like giant cell carcinoma of pancreatic origin treated at Mayo Clinic from 2000 to present. Baseline patient characteristics, treatment modalities utilized, and outcomes were compiled. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis with a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Fifteen patients met criteria for inclusion. Four patients had distant metastases at diagnosis, the remaining 11 with locoregional disease. Median OS for the entire cohort was 11 months. Metastatic disease was associated with significantly shorter OS (3.5 vs 14.1 months; P = 0.005). Three patients had no evidence of disease at time of analysis; all 3 were treated with complete resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Osteoclast-like giant cell carcinoma of the pancreas is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. For patients with locoregional disease, surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemoradiation may play a role in extended disease-free survival. Metastatic disease presents a challenging entity to treat with little data to support any effective chemotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex J Liu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | | | | | - Amit Mahipal
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mark J Truty
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kabir Mody
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
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Imaoka H, Ikeda M, Maehara K, Umemoto K, Ozaka M, Kobayashi S, Terashima T, Inoue H, Sakaguchi C, Tsuji K, Shioji K, Okamura K, Tsujimoto A, Nakamura I, Shirakawa H, Furukawa M, Ueno M, Morizane C, Furuse J. Risk stratification and prognostic factors in patients with unresectable undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas. Pancreatology 2021; 21:738-745. [PMID: 33602645 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) of the pancreas has been considered a highly aggressive malignancy. However, only a few studies have systematically described the clinical course of UC patients. The aim of this study was to clarify the prognosis and construct a prognostic model for patients with unresectable UC. METHODS This study was conducted at 17 institutions in Japan, and a total of 55 patients were analyzed. RESULTS The median overall survival (OS) of patients with unresectable UC was 3.95 months. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards (CPH) model, age ≥65 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≥2, and C-reactive protein (CRP) >10 mg/L were independent prognostic factors for OS (age ≥65 years: hazard ratio [HR], 2.732; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.353-5.515; ECOG PS ≥ 2: HR, 7.866; 95% CI, 1.981-31.241; CRP >10 mg/L: HR, 1.956; 95% CI, 1.013-3.775). Based on the β coefficients from the CPH model, the prognostic scores were defined as follows: age ≥65 years (3 points), ECOG PS ≥ 2 (6 points), and CRP >10 ml/L (2 points). The final prognostic model was the sum of the points. The derived prognostic model stratified patients into high-risk (score ≥4) and low-risk (score 0-3) groups, with significant differences in OS (1.45 vs. 8.19 months, respectively; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The prognostic model stratified patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. These findings suggest that this model can serve as a tool for patient information and decision-making with regard to the therapeutic strategy for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Imaoka
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Ikeda
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kosuke Maehara
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Umemoto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masato Ozaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Medicine, Cancer Institute Hospital Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medical Oncology Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Terashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroto Inoue
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sakaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Shioji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Keiya Okamura
- Division of Pancreato-Biliary Section, Department of Gastroenterology, JA Sapporo Kohsei Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsujimoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ikuo Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Shirakawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medical Oncology Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chigusa Morizane
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Furuse
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Olayinka O, Kaur G, Gupta G. Undifferentiated Pancreatic Carcinoma With Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells and Associated Ductal Adenocarcinoma With Focal Signet-Ring Features. Cureus 2021; 13:e14988. [PMID: 34131533 PMCID: PMC8195551 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UPC-OGC) is a unique and rare tumor characterized by the presence of highly atypical carcinoma cells and non-neoplastic osteoclast-like giant cells. The histogenesis of this tumor is unclear and data on its prognosis remain controversial. Some data show poor clinical outcomes in affected patients while other more recent studies report a better outcome especially for cases with pure UPC-OGC. There are currently no established reliable management guidelines for UPC-OGC partly because of its rarity and presence of conflicting data in the literature. Hence the need for continued reporting and further research on this neoplasm. We report an incidental finding of UPC-OGC with associated ductal adenocarcinoma and focal signet ring features in an elderly male patient who presented with symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Danbury Hospital, Danbury, USA
| | - Gunjan Gupta
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Danbury Hospital, Danbury, USA
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Behzatoglu K. Osteoclasts in Tumor Biology: Metastasis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Myeloid Transition. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:609472. [PMID: 34257573 PMCID: PMC8262221 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.609472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclast is a specialized cell that originates from monocytic lineage, communicates closely with osteoblasts under physiological conditions, participates in bone modeling and re-modeling, contributes to calcium homeostasis and osteoimmunity. In pathological conditions, it is involved in many tumors such as giant cell bone tumor (osteoclastoma), aneurysmal bone cyst, osteosarcoma, and metastatic cancers, and it usually causes local spread and progression of the tumor, working against the host. Since osteoclasts play an active role in primary bone tumors and bone metastases, the use of anti-osteoclastic agents significantly reduces the mortality and morbidity rates of patients by preventing the progression and local spread of tumors. Osteoclasts also accompany undifferentiated carcinomas of many organs, especially pancreas, thyroid, bladder and ovary. Undifferentiated carcinomas rich in osteoclasts have osteoclastoma-like histology. In these organs, osteoclastoma-like histology may accompany epithelial carcinomas, and de novo, benign and borderline tumors. Mature and immature myeloid cells, including osteoclasts, play an active role in the tumor progression in primary and metastatic tumor microenvironment, in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mesenchymal-epithelial-transition (MET), and cancer stem cell formation. Additionally, they are the most suitable candidates for cancer cells in cell fusion due to their evolutionary fusion capabilities. Myeloid features and markers (CD163, CD33, CD68 etc.) can be seen in metastatic cancer cells. Consequently, they provide metastatic cancer cells with motility, margination, transmigration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, angiogenesis, matrix degradation, and resistance to chemotherapy. For these reasons, we think that the concept of Epithelial-Mesencyhmal-Myeloid-Transition (EMMT) will be more accurate than EMT for cancer cells with myeloid properties.
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Yamamoto S, Sakai Y. A case of undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas derived from an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Clin J Gastroenterol 2021; 14:1263-1268. [PMID: 33884575 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-021-01415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UC-OGC) is an extremely rare and aggressive malignancy. We report the case of a 71-year-old male who presented with a solid-and-cystic mass in the pancreatic head. The cut section of the pancreaticoduodenectomy specimen showed hemorrhagic polypoid lesions localized to the cyst spaces. Histological examination revealed a cystic background as an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) with low-grade dysplasia, while the intra-cystic polypoid mass was morphologically identical to giant cell tumors (GCT) of bone and soft tissue, consisting of a mixture of mononuclear histiocyte-like cells and multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells. Nuclei of the mononuclear cells were similar to those of the multinucleated giant cells, showing no obvious atypia. The mononuclear cells were diffusely immunoreactive for CD163 and completely negative for all examined epithelial markers. Genetic analysis showed both the IPMN and the GCT-like components harbored identical double mutations of KRAS (G12V) and GNAS (R201C), and confirmed a diagnosis of UC-OGC originating from IPMN. This case emphasized that pancreatic UC-OGC can provide bland morphology, which is morphologically and immunohistochemically undistinguishable from GCT of the bone and soft tissue. Our study also highlights the importance of genetic analyses in properly diagnosing and managing such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohei Yamamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashi-hirokute, Anjo-cho, Anjo, Aichi, 446-8602, Japan.
| | - Yu Sakai
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashi-hirokute, Anjo-cho, Anjo, Aichi, 446-8602, Japan
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Demetter P, Maréchal R, Puleo F, Delhaye M, Debroux S, Charara F, Gomez Galdon M, Van Laethem JL, Verset L. Undifferentiated Pancreatic Carcinoma With Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells: What Do We Know So Far? Front Oncol 2021; 11:630086. [PMID: 33747949 PMCID: PMC7973287 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.630086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas is an aggressive but rare tumor for which several other terms have been used to describe its histological appearance. In addition, as osteoclast-like giant cells may accompany undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas, the WHO Classification distinguishes undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UC-OGC) from plain undifferentiated carcinoma since there are a few histopathological and clinical differences. UC-OGC was initially thought to be associated with worse prognosis compared to invasive ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma, since it is often unresectable at diagnosis and tends to recur rapidly even if completely resected. When true UC-OGGs are carefully dissected out from other anaplastic carcinomas, it becomes, however, clear that UC-OGCs do have more indolent behavior, especially the pure UC-OGCs. This mini-review summarizes the current knowledge on UC-OGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Demetter
- Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Raphaël Maréchal
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHU Tivoli, La Louvière, Belgium
| | - Francesco Puleo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital Delta, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Myriam Delhaye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Fadi Charara
- Department of Surgery, CHU Tivoli, La Louvière, Belgium
| | - Maria Gomez Galdon
- Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Van Laethem
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurine Verset
- Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Besaw RJ, Terra AR, Malvar GL, Chapman TR, Hertan LM, Schlechter BL. Durable Response to PD-1 Blockade in a Patient With Metastatic Pancreatic Undifferentiated Carcinoma With Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021; 19:247-252. [PMID: 33668025 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2021.7001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) of the pancreas is a rare and potentially aggressive variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Data on this disease are sparse, and despite genetic similarities to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, UCOGC clinical outcomes can be markedly different. We report on a female patient aged 62 years who presented with UCOGC with pulmonary metastases initially treated with 2 lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy. After rapid disease progression with both cytotoxic treatments, the patient's tissue was sent for next-generation sequencing, which revealed a high tumor mutation burden (32 mutations per megabase), as well as somatic mutations in BRAF, NF1, PIK3CA, CDKN2A, TERT, and TP53. Pancreatic cancers have previously demonstrated suboptimal responses to immunotherapeutic approaches. However, given the high tumor mutation burden and distinctiveness of the tumor class, the patient began third-line pembrolizumab monotherapy after palliative radiation to the rapidly progressing and painful abdominal mass from her primary tumor. She had a marked response in her primary UCOGC tumor and metastatic sites, and she remains on pembrolizumab monotherapy with ongoing response after 32 months of therapy. Recent evidence showing significant PD-L1 enrichment on neoplastic cells of undifferentiated carcinomas (including UCOGC) may indicate a role for immunotherapeutic approaches in these patients. Rare cancers such as UCOGC and other undifferentiated carcinomas may benefit from next-generation sequencing to inform treatment decisions when standards of care are absent, as in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Besaw
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Adrienne R Terra
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | - Grace L Malvar
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.,Harvard Medical School; and
| | - Tobias R Chapman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and.,Radiation Oncology Associates PC, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Lauren M Hertan
- Harvard Medical School; and.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Benjamin L Schlechter
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.,Harvard Medical School; and
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40
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Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells: a challenging cancer with new horizons? Virchows Arch 2021; 478:595-596. [PMID: 33447898 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Gao G, Qorbani A, Zhou CH. A pancreatic mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNEN) (NET and undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells) with metastatic neuroendocrine component to the liver. AUTOPSY AND CASE REPORTS 2020; 11:e2020201. [PMID: 34277482 PMCID: PMC8101651 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2020.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGCs) is an extremely rare morphologically and clinically distinct variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), exhibiting a characteristic component of reactive osteoclast-like giant cells admixed with neoplastic mononuclear cells. Sommers and Meissner first described it in 1954 as an “unusual carcinoma of the pancreas”. Later it acquired many different names. In 2010, the WHO classified these tumors as a variant of PDAC under the heading of “undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells”. Here we describe the first case of pancreatic mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNEN) composed of UCOGC and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET), which occurred in a 78-year-old man with biliary colic and pancreatitis. The mass did not respond to the chemotherapy, and he soon developed liver metastasis from the NET component, and unfortunately, the patient passed away 10 months later. Since UCOGC is extremely rare, and its association with NET has not been reported yet, our case expands the knowledge regarding its unusual presentation and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Gao
- University of California, Davis Medical Center, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Amir Qorbani
- University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chihong Heidi Zhou
- University of California, Davis Medical Center, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Cai Y, Chen Y, Wu X, Yin Y, Cao L, Liu X. Seven-year disease-free survival in a patient with osteoclast-like giant cell-containing pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma: a case report and literature review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 13:3200-3205. [PMID: 33425122 PMCID: PMC7791393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) of the pancreas is a very rare variant of pancreatic malignant neoplasm. It is regarded as a highly aggressive tumor with a worse prognosis than conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. CASE PRESENTATION A 54-year-old male patient presented with 3-month recurrent epigastric distress. Computed tomography of the abdomen showed a large cystic mass in the distal pancreas. On macroscopic examination, the lesion had numerous multiloculated cystic cavities. Microscopically, the tumor predominantly comprised a considerable number of evenly distributed non-neoplastic osteoclast-like giant cells and a few neoplastic pleomorphic cells. Although extensive histologic sampling was conducted, a classic ductal adenocarcinoma component was not identified. The patient received no further treatment after his surgery and has been doing well with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis for >7 years. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that pure UCOGC has a significantly better prognosis and supports that pure UCOGC may represent a biologically distinct variant of pancreatic carcinoma and it should be separated from other undifferentiated pancreatic carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Cai
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Province Maternal and Child Health HospitalHefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xingwang Wu
- Department of Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yu Yin
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Liyu Cao
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiuli Liu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
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Bazzichetto C, Luchini C, Conciatori F, Vaccaro V, Di Cello I, Mattiolo P, Falcone I, Ferretti G, Scarpa A, Cognetti F, Milella M. Morphologic and Molecular Landscape of Pancreatic Cancer Variants as the Basis of New Therapeutic Strategies for Precision Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8841. [PMID: 33266496 PMCID: PMC7700259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, pancreatic cancer is still one of the most lethal cancers in the world, mainly due to the lack of early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies. In this context, the possibility and the opportunity of identifying genetic and molecular biomarkers are crucial to improve the feasibility of precision medicine. In 2019, the World Health Organization classified pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (the most common pancreatic tumor type) into eight variants, according to specific histomorphological features. They are: colloid carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, including also rhabdoid carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells, hepatoid carcinoma, and signet-ring/poorly cohesive cells carcinoma. Interestingly, despite the very low incidence of these variants, innovative high throughput genomic/transcriptomic techniques allowed the investigation of both somatic and germline mutations in each specific variant, paving the way for their possible classification according also to specific alterations, along with the canonical mutations of pancreatic cancer (KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, SMAD4). In this review, we aim to report the current evidence about genetic/molecular profiles of pancreatic cancer variants, highlighting their role in therapeutic and clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bazzichetto
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.L.); (I.D.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Fabiana Conciatori
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Vanja Vaccaro
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Ilaria Di Cello
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.L.); (I.D.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Paola Mattiolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.L.); (I.D.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Italia Falcone
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Gianluigi Ferretti
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Francesco Cognetti
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Michele Milella
- Division of Oncology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
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Li J, Wei T, Zhang J, Wei S, Chen Q, Chen BW, Zhou Y, Wen L, Qin H, Bai X, Liang T. Carcinosarcoma of the pancreas: comprehensive clinicopathological and molecular characterization. HPB (Oxford) 2020; 22:1590-1595. [PMID: 32081541 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinosarcoma of pancreas is a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to comprehensively elaborate the clinicopathological and molecular features of this rare malignancy. METHODS Patients who were diagnosed with carcinosarcoma of the pancreas were retrospectively identified from pathology database of a single institution between 2012 and 2018. RESULTS A total of nine patients were identified. Pathological examination of tumor tissues from included patients showed coexisting carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. These two components were distinguished by mutually exclusive expression of cytokeratin and vimentin. The sarcomatous tissue exhibited more extensive proliferation, as revealed by Ki67 staining, and necrosis compared with the carcinomatous counterpart. Genomic analysis of tumor tissues for two patients demonstrated hotspot mutation at KRAS and TP53. Carcinomatous and sarcomatous components were separately obtained via laser captured microdissection in one patient, and mutations of driving genes were highly concordant between them. Besides, immunostaining of frequently-altered tumor suppressor genes for these two components suggested consistent expression patterns. The median overall survival for six patients with adequate follow-up was 14 months. CONCLUSION Carcinosarcoma of the pancreas represent a rare malignancy with distinct histological characteristics. Genomic and molecular analysis suggested monoclonal origin of carcinomatous and sarcomatous components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shumei Wei
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bryan Wei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang, China.
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45
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Luchini C, Grillo F, Fassan M, Vanoli A, Capelli P, Paolino G, Ingravallo G, Renzulli G, Doglioni C, D’Amuri A, Mattiolo P, Pecori S, Parente P, Florena AM, Zamboni G, Scarpa A. Malignant epithelial/exocrine tumors of the pancreas. Pathologica 2020; 112:210-226. [PMID: 33179623 PMCID: PMC7931574 DOI: 10.32074/1591-951x-167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic malignant exocrine tumors represent the most important cause of cancer-related death for pancreatic neoplasms. The most common tumor type in this category is represented by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), an ill defined, stroma-rich, scirrhous neoplasm with glandular differentiation. Here we present the relevant characteristics of the most important PDAC variants, namely adenosquamous carcinoma, colloid carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells, signet ring carcinoma, medullary carcinoma and hepatoid carcinoma. The other categories of malignant exocrine tumors, characterized by fleshy, stroma-poor, circumscribed neoplasms, include acinar cell carcinoma (pure and mixed), pancreatoblastoma, and solid pseudopapillary neoplasms. The most important macroscopic, histologic, immunohistochemical and molecular hallmarks of all these tumors, highlighting their key diagnostic/pathological features are presented. Lastly, standardized indications regarding gross sampling and how to compile a formal pathology report for pancreatic malignant exocrine tumors will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Anatomic Pathology, San Martino IRCCS Hospital, Genova, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, and IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Italy
| | - Paola Capelli
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paolino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Renzulli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Vita e Salute University, Milan, Italy
- Pathology Unit, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Mattiolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Pecori
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Parente
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Ada M. Florena
- Department of Sciences for Promotion of Health and Mother and Child Care, Anatomic Pathology, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zamboni
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- IRCSS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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46
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Noë M, Niknafs N, Fischer CG, Hackeng WM, Beleva Guthrie V, Hosoda W, Debeljak M, Papp E, Adleff V, White JR, Luchini C, Pea A, Scarpa A, Butturini G, Zamboni G, Castelli P, Hong SM, Yachida S, Hiraoka N, Gill AJ, Samra JS, Offerhaus GJA, Hoorens A, Verheij J, Jansen C, Adsay NV, Jiang W, Winter J, Albores-Saavedra J, Terris B, Thompson ED, Roberts NJ, Hruban RH, Karchin R, Scharpf RB, Brosens LAA, Velculescu VE, Wood LD. Genomic characterization of malignant progression in neoplastic pancreatic cysts. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4085. [PMID: 32796935 PMCID: PMC7428044 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) are non-invasive neoplasms that are often observed in association with invasive pancreatic cancers, but their origins and evolutionary relationships are poorly understood. In this study, we analyze 148 samples from IPMNs, MCNs, and small associated invasive carcinomas from 18 patients using whole exome or targeted sequencing. Using evolutionary analyses, we establish that both IPMNs and MCNs are direct precursors to pancreatic cancer. Mutations in SMAD4 and TGFBR2 are frequently restricted to invasive carcinoma, while RNF43 alterations are largely in non-invasive lesions. Genomic analyses suggest an average window of over three years between the development of high-grade dysplasia and pancreatic cancer. Taken together, these data establish non-invasive IPMNs and MCNs as origins of invasive pancreatic cancer, identifying potential drivers of invasion, highlighting the complex clonal dynamics prior to malignant transformation, and providing opportunities for early detection and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Noë
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Noushin Niknafs
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Catherine G Fischer
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wenzel M Hackeng
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Violeta Beleva Guthrie
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Waki Hosoda
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Marija Debeljak
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eniko Papp
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilmos Adleff
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James R White
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- Department of Surgery - The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Zamboni
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Pathology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Castelli
- Pathology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Seung-Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinichi Yachida
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hiraoka
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anthony J Gill
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Research Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jaswinder S Samra
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Johan A Offerhaus
- Department of Pathology, The University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Hoorens
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joanne Verheij
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Casper Jansen
- LABPON, Laboratory for Pathology Eastern Netherlands, Hengelo, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jordan Winter
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Benoit Terris
- Service de Pathologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth D Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas J Roberts
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rachel Karchin
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert B Scharpf
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lodewijk A A Brosens
- Department of Pathology, The University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Victor E Velculescu
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura D Wood
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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47
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Dejima M, Hashimoto H, Sasajima Y, Nomura N, Sugita M, Morikawa T. Uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma with reactive multinucleated giant cells expressing cluster of differentiation 204: A case report and literature review. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 46:2174-2178. [PMID: 32779321 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with reactive multinucleated giant cells (MGC) is extremely rare. Here we present the case of a 49-year-old woman treated with radical hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and lymph node dissection. Histologically, the cervical tumor was diagnosed as nonkeratinizing SCC of pT1b1N0M0, with negative surgical margin. Many MGC including osteoclast-like giant cells with immunohistochemical expression of cluster of differentiation 204, a marker for the M2 macrophage, were present around the tumor nests. The patient received postoperative radiation therapy and achieved 22 months of disease-free survival after the surgery. M2 macrophages promote aggressiveness of the carcinoma and it is suggested that SCC of the cervix with reactive MGC might have poor prognosis; however, our case paradoxically showed a favorable course. From literature review of six cases, including our case, the effect of MGC-reaction may vary with respect to other factors, such as age, cancer stage or histological type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihiro Dejima
- Junior Resident, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Hashimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Sasajima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nao Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Sugita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Morikawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Xu M, Chen W, Wang D, Nie M. Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Osteoclast-like Giant Cell Tumors of the Pancreas Compared with Pancreatic Adenocarcinomas: A Population-Based Study. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922585. [PMID: 32716010 PMCID: PMC7409385 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the pancreas (OGTP) is very low, and relatively little OGTP clinical data is available. The present study, therefore, sought to conduct a more comprehensive analysis of the clinical characteristics and prognosis of OGTP. Material/Methods A large population-based cohort analysis was conducted using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry. We conducted a systematic assessment of the demographic and clinical characteristics of these patients, in addition to assessing available prognostic and therapeutic data corresponding to their disease. We further compared overall survival (OS) in these OGTP and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) patient cohorts, adjusting for sex, grade, stage, and surgical treatment by propensity score matching (PSM). Results We included a total of 47 OGTP patients and 73 150 PA patients in the present analysis. The mean ages of PA and OGTP diagnosis were 68.0 and 62.8 years, respectively. Compared with PA patients, OGTP patients were more likely to be female (70.2% versus 48.7%, P<0.01), to have early-stage disease, to have lower rates of lymph node metastasis (17.0% versus 28.8%, P<0.01) and distant metastasis (17.0% versus 45.1%, P<0.01), and to have higher rates of tumor resection (70.2% versus 15.4%, P<0.01). OGTP patients also had a significantly longer median OS than did PA patients (13 months versus 6 months; hazard ratio [HR] 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37–0.57, P<0.0001). No significant differences in tumor site preferences were detected. Our findings also suggested that being female, having early-stage disease, and undergoing surgical resection may be associated with a more favorable prognosis in patients with OGTP. Conclusions OGTP patients had distinctive clinical characteristics and a better prognosis compared with PA patients. Understanding these differences will help clinicians accurately recognize these diseases. Radical resection was beneficial to the survival of OGTP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfang Xu
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, People's Hospital of Fengjie County, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Dong Wang
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Mao Nie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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49
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Schawkat K, Manning MA, Glickman JN, Mortele KJ. Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Variants: Pearls and Perils. Radiographics 2020; 40:1219-1239. [PMID: 32678699 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2020190184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), an epithelial neoplasm derived from the pancreatic ductal tree, is the most common histologic type of pancreatic cancer and accounts for 85%-95% of all solid pancreatic tumors. As a highly lethal malignancy, it is the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is responsible for more than 300 000 deaths per year. PDAC is highly resistant to current therapies, affording patients a 5-year overall survival rate of only 7.2%. It is characterized histologically by its highly desmoplastic stroma embedding tubular and ductlike structures. On images, it typically manifests as a poorly defined hypoenhancing mass, causing ductal obstruction and vascular involvement. Little is known about the other histologic subtypes of PDAC, mainly because of their rarity and lack of specific patterns of disease manifestation. According to the World Health Organization, these variants include adenosquamous carcinoma, colloid carcinoma, hepatoid carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells, and undifferentiated carcinoma. Depending on the subtype, they can confer a better or even worse prognosis than that of conventional PDAC. Thus, awareness of the existence and differentiation of these variants on the basis of imaging and histopathologic characteristics is crucial to guide clinical decision making for optimal treatment and patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoschy Schawkat
- From the Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology (K.S., K.J.M.), and Department of Pathology (J.N.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (K.S.); and American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md, and MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC (M.A.M.)
| | - Maria A Manning
- From the Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology (K.S., K.J.M.), and Department of Pathology (J.N.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (K.S.); and American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md, and MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC (M.A.M.)
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- From the Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology (K.S., K.J.M.), and Department of Pathology (J.N.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (K.S.); and American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md, and MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC (M.A.M.)
| | - Koenraad J Mortele
- From the Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology (K.S., K.J.M.), and Department of Pathology (J.N.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (K.S.); and American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md, and MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC (M.A.M.)
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50
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Mattiolo P, Fiadone G, Paolino G, Chatterjee D, Bernasconi R, Piccoli P, Parolini C, El Aidi M, Sperandio N, Malleo G, Salvia R, Brosens LA, Wood LD, Scarpa A, Lawlor RT, Luchini C. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with and without osteoclast-like giant cells. Virchows Arch 2020; 478:319-326. [PMID: 32661742 PMCID: PMC7969490 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02889-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) and undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) are peculiar variants of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), characterized by hypercellularity and absence of glandular patterns. The inflammatory microenvironment is peculiar in UCOGC, since it is dominated by macrophages and osteoclast-like giant cells. However, from a molecular point of view, both UC and UCOGC are very similar to conventional PDAC, sharing alterations of the most common genetic drivers. Clinically, UC usually show a worse prognosis, whereas UCOGC may show a better prognosis if it is not associated with a PDAC component. To highlight potential biological differences between these entities, we investigated the role of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in UC and UCOGC. Specifically, we analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of three well-known EMT markers, namely Twist1, Snai2, and E-cadherin, in 16 cases of UCOGC and 10 cases of UC. We found that EMT is more frequently activated in UC (10/10 cases) than in UCOGC (8/16 cases; p = 0.05). Furthermore, in UCOGC, EMT was activated with a higher frequency in cases with an associated PDAC component. Snai2 was the most frequently and strongly expressed marker in both tumor types (10/10 UC, 8/16 UCOGC), and its expression was higher in UC than in UCOGC (mean immunohistochemical score: 4.8 in UC vs. 2.1 in UCOGC, p < 0.01). Our results shed new light on the biology of UC and UCOGC: EMT appeared as a more important process in UC, and Snai2 emerged as a central EMT effector in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mattiolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Fiadone
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paolino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Deyali Chatterjee
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Riccardo Bernasconi
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Piccoli
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudia Parolini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Mouad El Aidi
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nicola Sperandio
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Malleo
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lodewijk A Brosens
- Department of Pathology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura D Wood
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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