1
|
Pavlović N, Kelam N, Racetin A, Filipović N, Pogorelić Z, Prusac IK, Vukojević K. Expression Profiles of ITGA8 and VANGL2 Are Altered in Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT). Molecules 2024; 29:3294. [PMID: 39064873 PMCID: PMC11279313 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney failures in infants are mostly caused by congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), which are among the most common congenital birth disorders worldwide when paired with cardiac abnormalities. People with CAKUT often have severe kidney failure as a result of a wide range of abnormalities that can occur alone or in conjunction with other syndromic disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern of CAKUT candidate genes alpha-8 integrin (ITGA8) and Van Gogh-like 2 (VANGL2) in fetal tissues of healthy and CAKUT-affected kidneys using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. We found that under CAKUT circumstances, the expressions of ITGA8 and VANGL2 are changed. Additionally, we showed that VANGL2 expression is constant during fetal aging, but ITGA8 expression varies. Moreover, compared to normal healthy kidneys (CTRL), ITGA8 is poorly expressed in duplex kidneys (DKs) and dysplastic kidneys (DYS), whereas VANGL2 is substantially expressed in dysplastic kidneys (DYS) and poorly expressed in hypoplastic kidneys (HYP). These results point to VANGL2 and ITGA8 as potential prognostic indicators for CAKUT malformations. Further research is necessary to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying this differential expression of ITGA8 and VANGL2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Pavlović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Nela Kelam
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Anita Racetin
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Natalija Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Zenon Pogorelić
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kuzmić Prusac
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Centre Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (K.V.)
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Center for Translational Research in Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Perretta‐Tejedor N, Price KL, Jafree DJ, Pomeranz G, Kolatsi‐Joannou M, Martínez‐Salgado C, Long DA, Vasilopoulou E. Cardiotrophin-1 therapy reduces disease severity in a murine model of glomerular disease. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16129. [PMID: 38955668 PMCID: PMC11219243 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a member of the interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine family, has renoprotective effects in mouse models of acute kidney disease and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, but its role in glomerular disease is unknown. To address this, we used the mouse model of nephrotoxic nephritis to test the hypothesis that CT-1 also has a protective role in immune-mediated glomerular disease. Using immunohistochemistry and analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data of isolated glomeruli, we demonstrate that CT-1 is expressed in the glomerulus in male mice, predominantly in parietal epithelial cells and is downregulated in mice with nephrotoxic nephritis. Furthermore, analysis of data from patients revealed that human glomerular disease is also associated with reduced glomerular CT-1 transcript levels. In male mice with nephrotoxic nephritis and established proteinuria, administration of CT-1 resulted in reduced albuminuria, prevented podocyte loss, and sustained plasma creatinine, compared with mice administered saline. CT-1 treatment also reduced fibrosis in the kidney cortex, peri-glomerular macrophage accumulation and the kidney levels of the pro-inflammatory mediator complement component 5a. In conclusion, CT-1 intervention therapy delays the progression of glomerular disease in mice by preserving kidney function and inhibiting renal inflammation and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Perretta‐Tejedor
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
- UCL Centre for Kidney and Bladder HealthLondonUK
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD)University of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL)SalamancaSpain
| | - Karen L. Price
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
- UCL Centre for Kidney and Bladder HealthLondonUK
| | - Daniyal J. Jafree
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
- UCL Centre for Kidney and Bladder HealthLondonUK
- Specialised Foundation Programme in ResearchNHS East of EnglandCambridgeUK
| | - Gideon Pomeranz
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
- UCL Centre for Kidney and Bladder HealthLondonUK
| | - Maria Kolatsi‐Joannou
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
- UCL Centre for Kidney and Bladder HealthLondonUK
| | - Carlos Martínez‐Salgado
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD)University of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL)SalamancaSpain
| | - David A. Long
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
- UCL Centre for Kidney and Bladder HealthLondonUK
| | - Elisavet Vasilopoulou
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
- UCL Centre for Kidney and Bladder HealthLondonUK
- Comparative Biomedical SciencesThe Royal Veterinary CollegeLondonUK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jung M, Zimmermann R. Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Characterizes Client Spectra of Components for Targeting of Membrane Proteins to and Their Insertion into the Membrane of the Human ER. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14166. [PMID: 37762469 PMCID: PMC10532041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the redundancy in the components for the targeting of membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and/or their insertion into the ER membrane under physiological conditions, we previously analyzed different human cells by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. The HeLa and HEK293 cells had been depleted of a certain component by siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 treatment or were deficient patient fibroblasts and compared to the respective control cells by differential protein abundance analysis. In addition to clients of the SRP and Sec61 complex, we identified membrane protein clients of components of the TRC/GET, SND, and PEX3 pathways for ER targeting, and Sec62, Sec63, TRAM1, and TRAP as putative auxiliary components of the Sec61 complex. Here, a comprehensive evaluation of these previously described differential protein abundance analyses, as well as similar analyses on the Sec61-co-operating EMC and the characteristics of the topogenic sequences of the various membrane protein clients, i.e., the client spectra of the components, are reported. As expected, the analysis characterized membrane protein precursors with cleavable amino-terminal signal peptides or amino-terminal transmembrane helices as predominant clients of SRP, as well as the Sec61 complex, while precursors with more central or even carboxy-terminal ones were found to dominate the client spectra of the SND and TRC/GET pathways for membrane targeting. For membrane protein insertion, the auxiliary Sec61 channel components indeed share the client spectra of the Sec61 complex to a large extent. However, we also detected some unexpected differences, particularly related to EMC, TRAP, and TRAM1. The possible mechanistic implications for membrane protein biogenesis at the human ER are discussed and can be expected to eventually advance our understanding of the mechanisms that are involved in the so-called Sec61-channelopathies, resulting from deficient ER protein import.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mason WJ, Vasilopoulou E. The Pathophysiological Role of Thymosin β4 in the Kidney Glomerulus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097684. [PMID: 37175390 PMCID: PMC10177875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases affecting the glomerulus, the filtration unit of the kidney, are a major cause of chronic kidney disease. Glomerular disease is characterised by injury of glomerular cells and is often accompanied by an inflammatory response that drives disease progression. New strategies are needed to slow the progression to end-stage kidney disease, which requires dialysis or transplantation. Thymosin β4 (Tβ4), an endogenous peptide that sequesters G-actin, has shown potent anti-inflammatory function in experimental models of heart, kidney, liver, lung, and eye injury. In this review, we discuss the role of endogenous and exogenous Tβ4 in glomerular disease progression and the current understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J Mason
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu S, Choi YJ, Rim JH, Kim HY, Bekheirnia N, Swartz SJ, Dai H, Gu SL, Lee S, Nishinakamura R, Hildebrandt F, Bekheirnia MR, Gee HY. Disease modeling of ADAMTS9-related nephropathy using kidney organoids reveals its roles in tubular cells and podocytes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1089159. [PMID: 37035301 PMCID: PMC10079903 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1089159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mutations in ADAMTS9 cause nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC), which are characterized by multiple developmental defects and kidney diseases. Patients with NPHP-RC usually have normal glomeruli and negligible or no proteinuria. Herein, we identified novel compound-heterozygous ADAMTS9 variants in two siblings with NPHP-RC who had glomerular manifestations, including proteinuria. Methods To investigate whether ADAMTS9 dysfunction causes NPHP and glomerulopathy, we differentiated ADAMTS9 knockout human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into kidney organoids. Single-cell RNA sequencing was utilized to elucidate the gene expression profiles from the ADAMTS9 knockout kidney organoids. Results ADAMTS9 knockout had no effect on nephron differentiation; however, it reduced the number of primary cilia, thereby recapitulating renal ciliopathy. Single-cell transcriptomics revealed that podocyte clusters express the highest levels of ADAMTS9, followed by the proximal tubules. Loss of ADAMTS9 increased the activity of multiple signaling pathways, including the Wnt/PCP signaling pathway, in podocyte clusters. Conclusions Mutations in ADMATS9 cause a glomerulotubular nephropathy in kidney and our study provides insights into the functional roles of ADMATS9 in glomeruli and tubules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyoung Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo Jun Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hoon Rim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Youn Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nasim Bekheirnia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sarah Jane Swartz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hongzheng Dai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine/Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shen Linda Gu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine/Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Soyeon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mir Reza Bekheirnia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Mir Reza Bekheirnia,
| | - Heon Yung Gee
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Heon Yung Gee,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Y, Cai H, Wei J, Zhu L, Yao Y, Xie M, Song L, Zhang C, Huang X, Wang L. Dihydroartemisinin Attenuates Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension via the Downregulation of miR-335 Targeting Vangl2. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:750-767. [PMID: 35862468 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a traditional antimalarial drug. DHA plays a crucial role in preventing pulmonary hypertension (PH); however, its regulatory function on microRNAs (miRNAs) in PH remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether DHA exerts its protective functions by regulating miR-335 in PH. Hypoxia-induced PH models were induced both in vitro and in vivo. Mice were treated with various concentrations of DHA, and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were treated with DHA, miR-335 inhibitor, miR-335 mimic, or Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2) plasmid. The expression of miR-335 and Vangl2, pulmonary arterial remodeling index; right ventricular hypertrophy index; and proliferation and migration indexes were measured. DHA improved pulmonary vascular remodeling and alleviated PH in vivo. miRNA sequencing and real-time PCR results further show that the increase in hypoxia-induced miR-335 was avoided by DHA administration, and miR-335 increased the hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and migration. MiRNA databases and dual-luciferase reporter assay show that miR-335 directly targets Vangl2, and Vangl2 decreased the hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and migration. The miR-335 inhibitor failed to inhibit hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration upregulation in Vangl2 knockdown PASMCs, and the effect of DHA can be blocked by miR-335 upregulation. In hypoxic PH, MiR-335 is increased, whereas Vangl2 is decreased. MiR-335 can significantly promote the hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of PASMCs by targeting the Vangl2 gene. DHA effectively reverses the hypoxia-induced upregulation of miR-335 expression, avoiding the miR-335-mediated downregulation of Vangl2 and thereby promoting the expression of Vangl2 to prevent PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaozhe Li
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haijian Cai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinqiu Wei
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yizhu Yao
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Xie
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Song
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liangxing Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mason WJ, Jafree DJ, Pomeranz G, Kolatsi-Joannou M, Rottner AK, Pacheco S, Moulding DA, Wolf A, Kupatt C, Peppiatt-Wildman C, Papakrivopoulou E, Riley PR, Long DA, Vasilopoulou E. Systemic gene therapy with thymosin β4 alleviates glomerular injury in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12172. [PMID: 35842494 PMCID: PMC9288454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma ultrafiltration in the kidney occurs across glomerular capillaries, which are surrounded by epithelial cells called podocytes. Podocytes have a unique shape maintained by a complex cytoskeleton, which becomes disrupted in glomerular disease resulting in defective filtration and albuminuria. Lack of endogenous thymosin β4 (TB4), an actin sequestering peptide, exacerbates glomerular injury and disrupts the organisation of the podocyte actin cytoskeleton, however, the potential of exogenous TB4 therapy to improve podocyte injury is unknown. Here, we have used Adriamycin (ADR), a toxin which injures podocytes and damages the glomerular filtration barrier leading to albuminuria in mice. Through interrogating single-cell RNA-sequencing data of isolated glomeruli we demonstrate that ADR injury results in reduced levels of podocyte TB4. Administration of an adeno-associated viral vector encoding TB4 increased the circulating level of TB4 and prevented ADR-induced podocyte loss and albuminuria. ADR injury was associated with disorganisation of the podocyte actin cytoskeleton in vitro, which was ameliorated by treatment with exogenous TB4. Collectively, we propose that systemic gene therapy with TB4 prevents podocyte injury and maintains glomerular filtration via protection of the podocyte cytoskeleton thus presenting a novel treatment strategy for glomerular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J Mason
- Division of Natural Sciences, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, Kent, UK.,Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Daniyal J Jafree
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,UCL MB/PhD Programme, Faculty of Medical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gideon Pomeranz
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Maria Kolatsi-Joannou
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Antje K Rottner
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Sabrina Pacheco
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Dale A Moulding
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Anja Wolf
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Clinic Rechts der Isar, TUM Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Clinic Rechts der Isar, TUM Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Eugenia Papakrivopoulou
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Clinique Saint Jean, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul R Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David A Long
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Elisavet Vasilopoulou
- Division of Natural Sciences, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, Kent, UK. .,Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK. .,Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jiang SH, Mercan S, Papa I, Moldovan M, Walters GD, Koina M, Fadia M, Stanley M, Lea-Henry T, Cook A, Ellyard J, McMorran B, Sundaram M, Thomson R, Canete PF, Hoy W, Hutton H, Srivastava M, McKeon K, de la Rúa Figueroa I, Cervera R, Faria R, D’Alfonso S, Gatto M, Athanasopoulos V, Field M, Mathews J, Cho E, Andrews TD, Kitching AR, Cook MC, Riquelme MA, Bahlo M, Vinuesa CG. Deletions in VANGL1 are a risk factor for antibody-mediated kidney disease. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100475. [PMID: 35028616 PMCID: PMC8714939 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We identify an intronic deletion in VANGL1 that predisposes to renal injury in high risk populations through a kidney-intrinsic process. Half of all SLE patients develop nephritis, yet the predisposing mechanisms to kidney damage remain poorly understood. There is limited evidence of genetic contribution to specific organ involvement in SLE.1,2 We identify a large deletion in intron 7 of Van Gogh Like 1 (VANGL1), which associates with nephritis in SLE patients. The same deletion occurs at increased frequency in an indigenous population (Tiwi Islanders) with 10-fold higher rates of kidney disease compared with non-indigenous populations. Vangl1 hemizygosity in mice results in spontaneous IgA and IgG deposition within the glomerular mesangium in the absence of autoimmune nephritis. Serum transfer into B cell-deficient Vangl1+/- mice results in mesangial IgG deposition indicating that Ig deposits occur in a kidney-intrinsic fashion in the absence of Vangl1. These results suggest that Vangl1 acts in the kidney to prevent Ig deposits and its deficiency may trigger nephritis in individuals with SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon H. Jiang
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Department of Renal Medicine, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Sevcan Mercan
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Department of Bioengineering, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Turkey
| | - Ilenia Papa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Max Moldovan
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of South Australia, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide 5001, Australia
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Giles D. Walters
- Department of Renal Medicine, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Mark Koina
- Department of Pathology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Mitali Fadia
- Department of Pathology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Maurice Stanley
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Tom Lea-Henry
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Amelia Cook
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Julia Ellyard
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Brendan McMorran
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Madhivanan Sundaram
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Northern Territory 0811, Australia
| | - Russell Thomson
- Centre for Research in Mathematics and Data Science, School of Computer, Data and Mathematical Sciences, Western Sydney University, Parramatta 2150, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo F. Canete
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Wendy Hoy
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Holly Hutton
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Monika Srivastava
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Kathryn McKeon
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | | | - Ricard Cervera
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Raquel Faria
- Unidade de Imunologia Clinica, Centro Hospitalar Unisersitario do Porto, Porto 4099-001, Portugal
| | | | - Mariele Gatto
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Vicki Athanasopoulos
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Matthew Field
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns 4870, QLD, Australia
| | - John Mathews
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3053, Australia
| | - Eun Cho
- Genome Informatics Laboratory, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Thomas D. Andrews
- Genome Informatics Laboratory, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - A. Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, VIC, Australia
- Departments Nephrology and Paediatric Nephrology. Monash Health, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - Matthew C. Cook
- Department of Immunology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Marta Alarcon Riquelme
- Department of Medical Genomics, GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, 18016, Spain
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 VIC, Australia
| | - Carola G. Vinuesa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- China Australia Centre for Personalised Immunology, Renji Hospital Shanghai, JiaoTong University Shanghai 200001, China
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tian L, Wang Y, Jang YY. Wnt signaling in biliary development, proliferation, and fibrosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 247:360-367. [PMID: 34861115 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211061376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary fibrosis is an important pathological indicator of hepatobiliary damage. Cholangiocyte is the key cell type involved in this process. To reveal the pathogenesis of biliary fibrosis, it is essential to understand the normal development as well as the aberrant generation and proliferation of cholangiocytes. Numerous reports suggest that the Wnt signaling pathway is implicated in the physiological and pathological processes of cholangiocyte development and ductular reaction. In this review, we summarize the effects of Wnt pathway in cholangiocyte development from embryonic stem cells, as well as the underlying mechanisms of cholangiocyte responses to adult ductal damage. Wnt signaling pathway is regulated in a step-wise manner during each of the liver differentiation stages from embryonic stem cells to functional mature cholangiocytes. With the modulation of Wnt pathway, cholangiocytes can also be generated from adult liver progenitor cells and mature hepatocytes to repair liver damage. Non-canonical Wnt signaling is triggered in the active ductal cells during biliary fibrosis. Targeted control of the Wnt signaling may hold the great potential to reduce and/or reverse the biliary fibrogenic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yichen Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yoon Young Jang
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Flasse L, Yennek S, Cortijo C, Barandiaran IS, Kraus MRC, Grapin-Botton A. Apical Restriction of the Planar Cell Polarity Component VANGL in Pancreatic Ducts Is Required to Maintain Epithelial Integrity. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107677. [PMID: 32460029 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell polarity is essential for the architecture and function of numerous epithelial tissues. Here, we show that apical restriction of planar cell polarity (PCP) components is necessary for the maintenance of epithelial integrity. Using the mammalian pancreas as a model, we find that components of the core PCP pathway, such as the transmembrane protein Van Gogh-like (VANGL), become apically restricted over a period of several days. Expansion of VANGL localization to the basolateral membranes of progenitors leads to their death and disruption of the epithelial integrity. VANGL basolateral expansion does not affect apico-basal polarity but acts in the cells where Vangl is mislocalized by reducing Dishevelled and its downstream target ROCK. This reduction in ROCK activity culminates in progenitor cell egression, death, and eventually pancreatic hypoplasia. Thus, precise spatiotemporal modulation of VANGL-dependent PCP signaling is crucial for proper pancreatic morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Flasse
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Siham Yennek
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cédric Cortijo
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausannne, Switzerland
| | | | - Marine R-C Kraus
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausannne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Grapin-Botton
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Papakrivopoulou E, Jafree DJ, Dean CH, Long DA. The Biological Significance and Implications of Planar Cell Polarity for Nephrology. Front Physiol 2021; 12:599529. [PMID: 33716764 PMCID: PMC7952641 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.599529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The orientation of cells in two-dimensional and three-dimensional space underpins how the kidney develops and responds to disease. The process by which cells orientate themselves within the plane of a tissue is termed planar cell polarity. In this Review, we discuss how planar cell polarity and the proteins that underpin it govern kidney organogenesis and pathology. The importance of planar cell polarity and its constituent proteins in multiple facets of kidney development is emphasised, including ureteric bud branching, tubular morphogenesis and nephron maturation. An overview is given of the relevance of planar cell polarity and its proteins for inherited human renal diseases, including congenital malformations with unknown aetiology and polycystic kidney disease. Finally, recent work is described outlining the influence of planar cell polarity proteins on glomerular diseases and highlight how this fundamental pathway could yield a new treatment paradigm for nephrology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Papakrivopoulou
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Clinique Saint Jean, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daniyal J Jafree
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,UCL MB/Ph.D. Programme, Faculty of Medical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte H Dean
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David A Long
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang K, Li Z, Lu Y, Xiang L, Sun J, Zhang H. Silencing of Vangl2 attenuates the inflammation promoted by Wnt5a via MAPK and NF-κB pathway in chondrocytes. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:136. [PMID: 33588909 PMCID: PMC7883434 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Wnt planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway is implicated in osteoarthritis (OA) both in animals and in humans. Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2) is a key PCP protein that is required for the orientation and alignment of chondrocytes in the growth plate. However, its functional roles in OA still remain undefined. Here, we explored the effects of Vangl2 on OA chondrocyte in vitro and further elucidated the molecular mechanism of silencing Vangl2 in Wnt5a-overexpressing OA chondrocytes. METHODS Chondrocytes were treated with IL-1β (10 ng/mL) to simulate the inflammatory microenvironment of OA. The expression levels of Vangl2, Wnt5a, MMPs, and related proinflammatory cytokines were measured by RT-qPCR. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) of Vangl2 and the plasmid targeting Wnt5a were constructed and transfected into ATDC5 cells. Then, the functional roles of silencing Vangl2 in the OA chondrocytes were investigated by Western blotting, RT-qPCR, and immunocytochemistry (ICC). Transfected OA chondrocytes were subjected to Western blotting to analyze the relationship between Vangl2 and related signaling pathways. RESULTS IL-1β induced the production of Vangl2, Wnt5a, and MMPs in a time-dependent manner and the significantly increased expression of Vangl2. Vangl2 silencing effectively suppressed the expression of MMP3, MMP9, MMP13, and IL-6 at both gene and protein levels and upregulated the expression of type II collagen and aggrecan. Moreover, knockdown of Vangl2 inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK signaling molecules (P38, ERK, and JNK) and P65 in Wnt5a-overexpressing OA chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we demonstrate that Vangl2 is involved in the OA process. Vangl2 silencing can notably alleviate OA progression in vitro by inhibiting the expression of MMPs and increasing the formation of the cartilage matrix and can inhibit the proinflammatory effects of Wnt5a via MAPK and NF-κB pathway. This study provides new insight into the mechanism of cartilage inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoying Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyang Lu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyi Xiang
- Department of Stomatology, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of Dongguan (also called The Fifth People's Hospital of Dongguan), The Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Jinan University, No.111 Humen Road, Humen Town, Dongguan City, 523905, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadong Sun
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Luo WW, Chen BJ, Wang YM, Yang JM, Liu X, Yuan YS, Lin X, Chi FL, Chen P, Ren DD. Planar cell polarity governs the alignment of the nasopharyngeal epithelium in mammals. FEBS J 2021; 288:1027-1040. [PMID: 32452625 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Planar cell polarity (PCP) signalling specifies the orientation of epithelial cells and regulates directional beating of motile cilia of multiciliated epithelial cells. Clinically, defects in cilia function are associated with nasopharyngeal symptoms. The polarity of the nasopharyngeal epithelium is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated PCP in the nasopharyngeal epithelium. Multiciliated cells (MCCs) were uniformly aligned with their long axis parallel to the tissue axis of the nasopharynx (NP). In addition, PCP proteins exhibited an asymmetrical localisation between adjacent cells. Motile cilia were uniformly aligned in the same direction within both individual cells and neighbouring cells, which manifested as cilial polarity in MCCs. Mutation of Vangl2, a mammalian homologue of the Drosophila PCP gene, resulted in significant disruption of the orientation of epithelial cells. Finally, keratin-5-positive basal cells constantly replenished the luminal ciliated cells; the new dynamic ciliated cells were also oriented parallel to the tissue axis. These results indicate a role for the PCP pathway in the uniform orientation of dynamically replenished epithelial cells in the NP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Luo
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bin-Jun Chen
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Mei Wang
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Juan-Mei Yang
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Sheng Yuan
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fang-Lu Chi
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dong-Dong Ren
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The Role of Wnt Signalling in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11050496. [PMID: 32365994 PMCID: PMC7290783 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompasses a group of diverse diseases that are associated with accumulating kidney damage and a decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). These conditions can be of an acquired or genetic nature and, in many cases, interactions between genetics and the environment also play a role in disease manifestation and severity. In this review, we focus on genetically inherited chronic kidney diseases and dissect the links between canonical and non-canonical Wnt signalling, and this umbrella of conditions that result in kidney damage. Most of the current evidence on the role of Wnt signalling in CKD is gathered from studies in polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and nephronophthisis (NPHP) and reveals the involvement of β-catenin. Nevertheless, recent findings have also linked planar cell polarity (PCP) signalling to CKD, with further studies being required to fully understand the links and molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
|
15
|
Wilson DH, Jarman EJ, Mellin RP, Wilson ML, Waddell SH, Tsokkou P, Younger NT, Raven A, Bhalla SR, Noll ATR, Olde Damink SW, Schaap FG, Chen P, Bates DO, Banales JM, Dean CH, Henderson DJ, Sansom OJ, Kendall TJ, Boulter L. Non-canonical Wnt signalling regulates scarring in biliary disease via the planar cell polarity receptors. Nat Commun 2020; 11:445. [PMID: 31974352 PMCID: PMC6978415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of patients diagnosed with chronic bile duct disease is increasing and in most cases these diseases result in chronic ductular scarring, necessitating liver transplantation. The formation of ductular scaring affects liver function; however, scar-generating portal fibroblasts also provide important instructive signals to promote the proliferation and differentiation of biliary epithelial cells. Therefore, understanding whether we can reduce scar formation while maintaining a pro-regenerative microenvironment will be essential in developing treatments for biliary disease. Here, we describe how regenerating biliary epithelial cells express Wnt-Planar Cell Polarity signalling components following bile duct injury and promote the formation of ductular scars by upregulating pro-fibrogenic cytokines and positively regulating collagen-deposition. Inhibiting the production of Wnt-ligands reduces the amount of scar formed around the bile duct, without reducing the development of the pro-regenerative microenvironment required for ductular regeneration, demonstrating that scarring and regeneration can be uncoupled in adult biliary disease and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D H Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - E J Jarman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R P Mellin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M L Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - S H Waddell
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P Tsokkou
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N T Younger
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Raven
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - S R Bhalla
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Centre for Cancer Science, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - A T R Noll
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S W Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - F G Schaap
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - P Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - D O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Centre for Cancer Science, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands, Birmingham, UK
| | - J M Banales
- Biodonostia HRI, CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - C H Dean
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D J Henderson
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - O J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - T J Kendall
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - L Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Role of a RhoA/ROCK-Dependent Pathway on Renal Connexin43 Regulation in the Angiotensin II-Induced Renal Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184408. [PMID: 31500276 PMCID: PMC6770162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In various models of chronic kidney disease, the amount and localization of Cx43 in the nephron is known to increase, but the intracellular pathways that regulate these changes have not been identified. Therefore, we proposed that: "In the model of renal damage induced by infusion of angiotensin II (AngII), a RhoA/ROCK-dependent pathway, is activated and regulates the abundance of renal Cx43". In rats, we evaluated: 1) the time-point where the renal damage induced by AngII is no longer reversible; and 2) the involvement of a RhoA/ROCK-dependent pathway and its relationship with the amount of Cx43 in this irreversible stage. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and renal function (urinary protein/urinary creatinine: Uprot/UCrea) were evaluated as systemic and organ outcomes, respectively. In kidney tissue, we also evaluated: 1) oxidative stress (amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive species), 2) inflammation (immunoperoxidase detection of the inflammatory markers ED-1 and IL-1β), 3) fibrosis (immune detection of type III collagen; Col III) and 4) activity of RhoA/ROCK (amount of phosphorylated MYPT1; p-MYPT1). The ratio Uprot/UCrea, SBP, oxidative stress, inflammation, amount of Cx43 and p-MYPT1 remained high 2 weeks after suspending AngII treatment in rats treated for 4 weeks with AngII. These responses were not observed in rats treated with AngII for less than 4 weeks, in which all measurements returned spontaneously close to the control values after suspending AngII treatment. Rats treated with AngII for 6 weeks and co-treated for the last 4 weeks with Fasudil, an inhibitor of ROCK, showed high SBP but did not present renal damage or increased amount of renal Cx43. Therefore, renal damage induced by AngII correlates with the activation of RhoA/ROCK and the increase in Cx43 amounts and can be prevented by inhibitors of this pathway.
Collapse
|