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Hu C, Gan X, Jia Q, Gao P, Du T, Zhang F. Optimization of supercritical-CO 2 extraction and pharmacokinetics in SD rats of alkaloids form Sophora moorcroftiana seed. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3301. [PMID: 35228632 PMCID: PMC8885761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The total alkaloids extracted from the seeds of Sophora moorcroftiana (TAs-SM) have the potential to treat alveolar echinococcosis, a disease included by the WHO in a list of 17 key neglected diseases world-wide. The aims of the current study were first to develop a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method for optimizing TAs-SM extraction, and second, to develop an optimized method for evaluating TAs-SM pharmacokinetics in vivo. The Box–Behnken response surface method was used to optimize the extraction process, and ultra-high liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution electrospray mass spectrometry (UPLC-HR-ESI-MS) was used to determine the pharmacokinetics of TAs-SM in SD rats. The results indicated the following optimal SFE extraction conditions: pressure = 31 MPa, temperature = 70 °C, time = 162.18 min. With these parameters, total alkaloids could be extracted from each gram of S. moorcroftiana, with the total content being 68.88 μg. The linear range of UPLC-HR-ESI-MS is 0.78–200.00 ng/ml, R2 > 0.99, and the sample recovery is 99–113%. The precision, accuracy, selectivity and stability of the method meet the requirements of US FDA guidelines. To our knowledge this study is the first to establish an SFE method for extracting TAs-SM and the first to employ UPLC-HR-ESI-MS for measuring TAs-SM in rats. These findings provide important contributions for using TAs-SM in further drug development and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Hu
- Medical College, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuehui Gan
- Medical College, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiangqiang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Gao
- Medical College, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Du
- Medical College, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fabin Zhang
- Medical College, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, People's Republic of China.
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Kumar S, Singh B, Singh R. Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don: A review of its ethnobotany, phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology and toxicities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114647. [PMID: 34562562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don is a well known medicinal plant belonging to family Apocynaceae that have been traditionally used as medicine since ancient times. C. roseus is a well-recognized herbal medicine due to its anticancer bisindole alkaloids (vinblastine (111), vincristine (112) and vindesine (121)). In the Ayurvedic system of medicine, different parts of C. roseus are used in folklore herbal medicine for treatment of many types of cancer, diabetes, stomach disorders, kidney, liver and cardiovascular diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY The main idea behind this communication is to update comprehensively and analyze critically the traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and toxicity of various extracts and isolated compounds from C. roseus. MATERIALS AND METHODS The presented data covers scientific works on C. roseus published across the world between 1967 and 2021 was searched from various international publishing houses using search engines as well as several traditional texts like Ayurveda and relevant books. Collected data from different sources was comprehensively summarized/analyzed for ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, analytical chemistry, biological activities and toxicity studies of C. roseus. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION C. roseus has a wide range of applications in the traditional system of medicine especially in cancer and diabetes. During phytochemical investigation, total of 344 compounds including monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) (110), bisindole alkaloids (35), flavonoids (34), phenolic acids (9) and volatile constituents (156) have been reported in the various extracts and fractions of different plant parts of C. roseus. The extracts and isolated compounds of C. roseus have to exhibit many pharmacological activities such as anticancer/cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, larvicidal and pupicidal. The comparative toxicity of extracts and bioactive compounds investigated in dose dependent manner. The investigation of toxicity showed that the both extracts and isolated compounds are safe to a certain limit beyond that they cause adverse effects. CONCLUSION This review is a comprehensive, critically analyzed summarization of sufficient baseline information of selected topics in one place undertaken till date on C. roseus for future works and drug discovery. The phytochemical investigation including biosynthetic pathways showed that the MIAs and bisindole alkaloids are major and characteristic class of compounds in this plant. The present data confirm that the extracts/fractions and their isolated alkaloids especially vinblastine (111) and vincristine (112) have a potent anticancer/cytotoxic and antidiabetic property and there is a need for further study with particular attention to the mechanisms of anticancer activity. In biosynthesis pathways of alkaloids especially bisindole alkaloids, some enzymes and rearrangement are unexposed therefore it is required to draw special attention. It also focuses on attracting the attention of scientific communities about the widespread biological activities of this species for its better utilization prospects in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Ma. Kanshiram Government Degree College, Ninowa, (affiliated to Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University (CSJM) Kanpur), Farrukhabad, 209602, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bikarma Singh
- Botanic Garden Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ramesh Singh
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College Bahua Dehat, (affiliated to Professor Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University Prayagraj), Fatehpur, 212663, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Jeong WT, Lim HB. A UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF method for rapid and reliable identification and quantification of major indole alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1080:27-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Pyrrolidine Alkaloid from Leaves of Piper amalago L. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:7401748. [PMID: 28539966 PMCID: PMC5433416 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7401748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Supercritical fluid extraction was used to extract the alkaloid N-[7-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(Z),4(Z)-heptadienoyl]pyrrolidine from leaves of Piper amalago L. A three-level orthogonal array design matrix, OAD OA9(34), was used for optimization of the parameters of supercritical extraction of the alkaloid, employing supercritical carbon dioxide: extraction time (20, 40, and 60 min), temperature (40, 50, and 60°C), pressure (150, 200, and 250 bar), and the use of cosolvents (ethanol, methanol, and propyleneglycol). All parameters had significant effect on the alkaloid yield. The alkaloid yield after 60 min of extraction without cosolvents at 9 different conditions (32) in terms of temperature (40, 50, and 60°C) and pressure (150, 200, and 250 bar) was also evaluated. The optimal yield (≈3.8 mg g−1) was obtained with supercritical CO2 + methanol (5% v : v) at 40°C and 200 bar for 60 min of extraction.
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Klein-Júnior LC, Vander Heyden Y, Henriques AT. Enlarging the bottleneck in the analysis of alkaloids: A review on sample preparation in herbal matrices. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Hecht ES, Oberg AL, Muddiman DC. Optimizing Mass Spectrometry Analyses: A Tailored Review on the Utility of Design of Experiments. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:767-85. [PMID: 26951559 PMCID: PMC4841694 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a tool that can analyze nearly all classes of molecules, with its scope rapidly expanding in the areas of post-translational modifications, MS instrumentation, and many others. Yet integration of novel analyte preparatory and purification methods with existing or novel mass spectrometers can introduce new challenges for MS sensitivity. The mechanisms that govern detection by MS are particularly complex and interdependent, including ionization efficiency, ion suppression, and transmission. Performance of both off-line and MS methods can be optimized separately or, when appropriate, simultaneously through statistical designs, broadly referred to as "design of experiments" (DOE). The following review provides a tutorial-like guide into the selection of DOE for MS experiments, the practices for modeling and optimization of response variables, and the available software tools that support DOE implementation in any laboratory. This review comes 3 years after the latest DOE review (Hibbert DB, 2012), which provided a comprehensive overview on the types of designs available and their statistical construction. Since that time, new classes of DOE, such as the definitive screening design, have emerged and new calls have been made for mass spectrometrists to adopt the practice. Rather than exhaustively cover all possible designs, we have highlighted the three most practical DOE classes available to mass spectrometrists. This review further differentiates itself by providing expert recommendations for experimental setup and defining DOE entirely in the context of three case-studies that highlight the utility of different designs to achieve different goals. A step-by-step tutorial is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Hecht
- W. M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- W. M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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Rapid and simultaneous determination of five vinca alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus and human serum using trilinear component modeling of liquid chromatography-diode array detection data. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1026:114-123. [PMID: 26321366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel chemometrics-assisted high performance liquid chromatography method coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of vincristine (VCR), vinblastine (VLB), vindoline (VDL), catharanthine (CAT) and yohimbine (YHB) in Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) and human serum samples. With the second-order advantage of the alternating trilinear decomposition (ATLD) method, the resolution and rapid determination of five components of interest in complex matrices were performed, even in the present of heavy overlaps and unknown interferences. Therefore, multi-step purification was omitted and five components could be fast eluted out within 7.5min under simple isocratic elution condition (acetonitrile/0.2% formic acid water, 37:63, v/v). Statistical parameters, such as the linear correlation coefficient (R(2)), root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP), limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) had been calculated to investigate the accuracy and reliability of the method. The average recoveries of five vinca alkaloids ranged from 97.1% to 101.9% and 98.8% to 103.0% in C. roseus and human serum samples, respectively. The five vinca alkaloids were adequately determined with limits of detection (LODs) of 29.5-49.3ngmL(-1) in C. roseus and 12.4-27.2ngmL(-1) in human serum samples, respectively. The obtained results demonstrated that the analytical strategy provided a feasible alternative for synchronously monitoring the quality of raw herb and the concentration of blood drugs.
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de Melo M, Silvestre A, Silva C. Supercritical fluid extraction of vegetable matrices: Applications, trends and future perspectives of a convincing green technology. J Supercrit Fluids 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Optimization of enzyme-assisted negative pressure cavitation extraction of five main indole alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus leaves and its pilot-scale application. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Muzyka K, Karim K, Guerreiro A, Poma A, Piletsky S. Optimisation of the synthesis of vancomycin-selective molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles using automatic photoreactor. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:154. [PMID: 24685151 PMCID: PMC3978078 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel optimized protocol for solid-state synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) with specificity for antibiotic vancomycin is described. The experimental objective was optimization of the synthesis parameters (factors) affecting the yield of obtained nanoparticles which have been synthesized using the first prototype of an automated solid-phase synthesizer. Applications of experimental design (or design of experiments) in optimization of nanoMIP yield were carried out using MODDE 9.0 software. The factors chosen in the model were the amount of functional monomers in the polymerization mixture, irradiation time, temperature during polymerization, and elution temperature. In general, it could be concluded that the irradiation time is the most important and the temperature was the least important factor which influences the yield of nanoparticles. Overall, the response surface methodology proved to be an effective tool in reducing time required for optimization of complex experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Muzyka
- Kharkiv National University of RadioElectronics, Lenin Ave. 14, Kharkiv 61166, Ukraine
| | - Khalku Karim
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Antonio Guerreiro
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Alessandro Poma
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Sergey Piletsky
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
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Chen Q, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Chen J, Chen Z. Identification and quantification of active alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus by liquid chromatography–ion trap mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2013; 139:845-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Azmir J, Zaidul I, Rahman M, Sharif K, Mohamed A, Sahena F, Jahurul M, Ghafoor K, Norulaini N, Omar A. Techniques for extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials: A review. J FOOD ENG 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1307] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Experimental design in chromatography: A tutorial review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 910:2-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Analysis of alkaloids from different chemical groups by different liquid chromatography methods. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAlkaloids are biologically active compounds widely used as pharmaceuticals and synthesised as secondary methabolites in plants. Many of these compounds are strongly toxic. Therefore, they are often subject of scientific interests and analysis. Since alkaloids — basic compounds appear in aqueous solutions as ionized and unionized forms, they are difficult for chromatographic separation for peak tailing, poor systems efficiency, poor separation and poor column-to-column reproducibility. For this reason it is necessity searching of more suitable chromatographic systems for analysis of the compounds. In this article we present an overview on the separation of selected alkaloids from different chemical groups by liquid chromatography thus indicating the range of useful methods now available for alkaloid analysis. Different selectivity, system efficiency and peaks shape may be achieved in different LC methods separations by use of alternative stationary phases: silica, alumina, chemically bonded stationary phases, cation exchange phases, or by varying nonaqueous or aqueous mobile phase (containing different modifier, different buffers at different pH, ion-pairing or silanol blocker reagents). Developments in TLC (NP and RP systems), HPLC (NP, RP, HILIC, ion-exchange) are presented and the advantages of each method for alkaloids analysis are discussed.
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Lopez C, Claude B, Morin P, Max JP, Pena R, Ribet JP. Synthesis and study of a molecularly imprinted polymer for the specific extraction of indole alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus extracts. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 683:198-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Xiao J, Tian B, Xie B, Yang E, Shi J, Sun Z. Supercritical fluid extraction and identification of isoquinoline alkaloids from leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Eur Food Res Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-010-1290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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