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Haddad MA, Dmour H, Al-Khazaleh JM, Obeidat M, Al-Abbadi A, Al-Shadaideh AN, Al-Mazra'awi MS, Shatnawi MA, Iommi C. Herbs and Medicinal Plants in Jordan. J AOAC Int 2020; 103:925-929. [PMID: 33241339 DOI: 10.1093/jaocint/qsz026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of phenolic acids in edible products for human consumption is considered in relation to the production of odorant substances, with a variety of different aromas. OBJECTIVE Phenolic substances anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, flavanols, flavones and isoflavones, flavones, flavonols, etc. - are extremely interesting as flavor additives, anti-aging or maturing agents, and color and aroma enhancers. METHOD The connection between flavoring properties on one hand and the presence of phenolic compounds on the other can be discussed in terms of food acceptance by consumers, especially with relation to the "Mediterranean Diet" lifestyle. RESULTS The health perspectives of these and other food products related to Mediterranean Diet should be evaluated in the geographical ambit of the Mediterranean Basin, including several particular food and vegetable preparations - herbs and medicinal plants - of the Middle East. CONCLUSIONS The aim of this paper is to give a presentation on these specialties in relation to Jordan. HIGHLIGHTS Medicinal herbs have interesting health properties against digestive problems, parasitic worms, liver diseases, diabetes, skin problems, nervous, cardiocirculatory, and respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moawiya A Haddad
- Department of Nutrition and Food Processing, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Hanee Dmour
- Department of Nutrition and Food Processing, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Ja'far M Al-Khazaleh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Processing, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Maher Obeidat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Amal Al-Abbadi
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Ahmad N Al-Shadaideh
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Mohammad S Al-Mazra'awi
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Mohamad A Shatnawi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Candela Iommi
- Food Safety Consultant, Via Aselli 14, Milan 20133, Italy
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Development and Validation of an Analytical Method for the Determination of Aloin Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Pandey DK, Parida S, Dey A. Comparative HPTLC analysis of bioactive marker barbaloin from in vitro and naturally grown Aloe vera. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Barbaloin: a concise report of its pharmacological and analytical aspects. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 2:835-8. [PMID: 23569857 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Barbaloin is C-glucoside of aloe emodin anthrone which is found in the plant name as Aloe vera is a perennial succulent (Liliaceal), also called the healing plant. Barbaloin have variety of pharmacological activity such as strong inhibitory effect on histamine release, anti-inflammatory, cathartic, antiviral, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant activity and alternative for pharmaceutical or cosmetic applications. The peak amount of barbaloin was reached about 3 h after oral administration. Concentration of barbaloin in Aloe vera leaves was shown to depend on the leaf part, age, and position of the leaf. Young leaves contain more barbaloin compared to old one. Various researches have been done on barbaloin but still the relationship between the barbaloin and its overall effect has not been clarified. A more specific perceptive of the pharmacological activities of barbaloin is required to develop for pharmaceutical purpose. Many attempts have been made regarding its isolation, biological activity to examine their effects, and clarify their functional mechanism. This review gives a brief idea about its uses, ethnomedicinally and commercially important analytical techniques and their pharmacological activities.
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Panigrahi G, Maheshwari R, Vellaikumar S, Jayaprakash SP, Kumar S, Prabakaran J. Preparative thin-layer chromatographic separation followed by identification of antifungal compound in Cassia laevigata by RP-HPLC and GC-MS. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:308-315. [PMID: 23749313 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several species of the genus Cassia are known for their antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic activities, but some of the lesser-known Cassia species, e.g. C. renigera, C. biflora and C. laevigata have not been studied for their biological activities. RESULTS Methanol extract of C. laevigata was fractionated by preparative thin-layer chromatography. The resulting six different fractions were tested against Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger for their antifungal activity. Due to higher antifungal activity of fraction 1 of C. laevigata, this was further analyzed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), resulting in distinct separation of one compound at a retention time of 7.2 min with an absorbance of 252 nm. Further, this compound was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for its putative structural identification. Mass spectra of this compound resembled the spectra of anthraquinone 1-carboxylic acid by NIST library search. The genomic-level expression of chalcone synthase, a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of polyketides, was increased in C. laevigata when compared to other Cassia species. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an insight into the higher antifungal activity of C. laevigata, including the identification of anthraquinone 1-carboxylic acid, which may be responsible for the antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gatikrushna Panigrahi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India; Food Toxicology Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IITR), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
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López A, de Tangil MS, Vega-Orellana O, Ramírez AS, Rico M. Phenolic constituents, antioxidant and preliminary antimycoplasmic activities of leaf skin and flowers of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (syn. A. barbadensis Mill.) from the Canary Islands (Spain). Molecules 2013; 18:4942-54. [PMID: 23624648 PMCID: PMC6270129 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18054942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The methanol extracts of leaf skins and flowers of Aloe vera from the Canary Islands were analyzed for their phenolic profiles and screened for their antioxidant and antimycoplasmic activities. The use of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) allowed the identification of 18 phenolic constituents. Leaf skin extracts were characterized by the abundance of catechin, sinapic acid and quercitrin. Gentisic acid, epicatechin and quercitrin were the most prominent phenolic compounds of the flowers. The in vitro antioxidant activities determined by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric antioxidant reducing power (FRAP) assays revealed that both extracts exhibited antioxidant activity, being the leaf skin extract the most active fraction. The leaf skin extract was also found to be active against the microbial strains tested. Therefore, A. vera extracts from leaf skin and flowers can be considered as good natural antioxidant sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroa López
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Miguel Suárez de Tangil
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Orestes Vega-Orellana
- Unidad de Epidemiología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, C/Trasmontaña s/n, Arucas, 35413, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Ana S. Ramírez
- Unidad de Epidemiología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, C/Trasmontaña s/n, Arucas, 35413, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Milagros Rico
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +34-928-454-418; Fax: +34-928-452-922
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Toxicité aiguë et action analgésique d’extrait éthanolique des feuilles d’Aloe perryi, plante endémique du Yémen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10298-013-0752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Azaroual L, Liazid A, Barbero GF, Brigui J, Palma M, Barroso CG. Improved Chromatographic Methods for Determination of Bioactive Compounds from Aloe vera Leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5402/2012/609095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work three chromatographic methods were developed to reduce the total time of the analysis of main compounds in Aloe vera extracts.
The first method was developed in a regular reverse phase chromatographic system using a particulate reverse phase C-18 column. Methods already published were used as a starting point for the development of the new method. All the compounds were separated in 32 minutes. The second method was developed in a regular reverse phase chromatographic system employing a monolithic type column. Using a 4.5 mL min−1 flow, the total time of analysis was reduced to 6 minutes with very similar resolution values. The third method was developed in an ultraperformance liquid chromatographic system, and the final time for the analysis of the phenolic compounds was reduced to 4 minutes. The analytical properties of the three chromatographic methods were compared for the main compounds in the chromatograms. Robustness of the three new methods was also checked with regard to the injection volume and the amount of methanol in the sample. A fast method (4 min) is then available for bioactive compounds from Aloe vera determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Azaroual
- Departement de Génie Chimique, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdelmalek Essâadi, P.O. Box 416, Tanger, Morocco
| | - A. Liazid
- Departement de Génie Chimique, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdelmalek Essâadi, P.O. Box 416, Tanger, Morocco
| | - G. F. Barbero
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - J. Brigui
- Departement de Génie Chimique, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdelmalek Essâadi, P.O. Box 416, Tanger, Morocco
| | - M. Palma
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - C. G. Barroso
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
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Lynch B, Simon R, Roberts A. In vitro and in vivo assessment of the genotoxic activity of aloesin. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2011; 61:215-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Selective determination of aloin in different matrices by HPTLC densitometry in fluorescence mode. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 54:422-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wintola OA, Sunmonu TO, Afolayan AJ. The effect of Aloe ferox Mill. in the treatment of loperamide-induced constipation in Wistar rats. BMC Gastroenterol 2010; 10:95. [PMID: 20723249 PMCID: PMC2931457 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-10-95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constipation is the most common gastrointestinal complaint all over the world and it is a risk factor of colorectal cancer. In this study, the efficacy of aqueous leaf extract of Aloe ferox Mill. was studied against loperamide-induced constipation in Wistar rats. METHODS Constipation was induced by oral administration of loperamide (3 mg/kg body weight) while the control rats received normal saline. The constipated rats were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day of the extract for 7 days during which the feeding characteristics, body weight, fecal properties and gastrointestinal transit ratio were monitored. RESULTS The extract improved intestinal motility, increased fecal volume and normalized body weight in the constipated rats, which are indications of laxative property of the herb with the 200 mg/kg body weight of the extract showing the best efficacy. CONCLUSION The effect of the extract compares favourably well with senokot, a standard laxative drug. These findings have therefore, lent scientific credence to the folkloric use of the herb as a laxative agent by the people of the Eastern Cape of South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taofik O Sunmonu
- Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
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Rodríguez Rodríguez E, Darias Martín J, Díaz Romero C. Aloe vera as a functional ingredient in foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2010; 50:305-26. [PMID: 20301017 DOI: 10.1080/10408390802544454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The main scientific discoveries on Aloe vera published mainly in the last three decades are presented in this work. After describing Aloe from a botanical point of view, the papers related with the chemical composition of different parts of the leaf of Aloe, particularly those in which the gel is described and are presented in a synthetic manner. The chemical analyses reveal that Aloe gel contains mannose polymers with some glucose and other sugars, among which the most important is Acemannan. Besides these, other components such as glycoproteins, enzymes, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals are described. Different factors also affecting the chemical composition of the gel, such as species and variety, climatic and soil conditions, cultivation methods, processing and preservation, are enumerated and discussed. On the other hand, the main therapeutic applications have been revised and the possible damaging effects of Aloe are also commented upon. A special emphasis is placed on the biologically active compounds or groups of compounds responsible for the therapeutic applications and which are their action mechanisms. The paper concludes that more research is needed to confirm the therapeutic and beneficial effects and to definitively clarify the myth surrounding Aloe vera. A general view on the problem of the commercialization and establishment of the quality and safety of Aloe products in the food industry has been offered here. The main points and European regulations that need to be considered regarding the quality control of prepared Aloe products are presented in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rodríguez Rodríguez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Williams LD, Burdock GA, Shin E, Kim S, Jo TH, Jones KN, Matulka RA. Safety studies conducted on a proprietary high-purity aloe vera inner leaf fillet preparation, Qmatrix. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2010; 57:90-8. [PMID: 20096744 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Revised: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aloe vera plant has a long history of safe use for oral and topical applications. This publication describes safety studies conducted on a proprietary high-purity aloe vera inner leaf fillet preparation, Qmatrix. In a 13-week study in rats, Qmatrix was administered via gavage at 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day. There were no significant changes in food or water consumption, body weight, serum biochemistry or hematology at any of the doses tested. Sporadic, significant increases were observed in some of the measured urinalysis parameters; however, these variations were not treatment-related, as most were observed only in one sex, not dose-dependent and within historical control values. Organ weights were unaffected, except for a statistically significant, though not dose-dependent, increase in absolute and relative weights of the right kidney in males at 500 and 2000 mg/kg bw/day, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed no abnormal signs. Qmatrix was non-mutagenic in an Ames test and a chromosomal aberration test at concentrations up to 10,000 microg/plate, and in an in vivo bone marrow micronucleus test at doses up to 5000 mg/kg bw/day. Based on these results, Qmatrix is not genotoxic in vitro or in vivo and; has an oral NOAEL greater than 2000 mg/kg bw/day following 90 days of oral exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonnie D Williams
- Burdock Group, 801 N. Orange Ave., Suite 710, Orlando, FL 32801, USA
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Cock IE, Mpala L, Chikowe G. No evidence of antiseptic properties and low toxicity of selected Aloe species. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL NEGATIVE RESULTS 2010. [DOI: 10.4103/0976-9234.68869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jia Y, Zhao G, Jia J. Preliminary evaluation: the effects of Aloe ferox Miller and Aloe arborescens Miller on wound healing. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 120:181-9. [PMID: 18773950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2008] [Revised: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 08/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Genus Aloe has been traditionally utilized for medicinal purpose for decades. Compared with Aloe vera gel, the qualitative assessment for the therapeutic effects of the other two Aloe species, Aloe ferox Miller and Aloe arborescens Miller, for their topical wound healing was less addressed. Therefore, the aim of present study is to provide the positive evidence for Aloe ferox Miller and Aloe arborescens Miller supporting their therapeutic properties for topical treatment of skin wounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two types of the whole-leaf juice prepared from either Aloe ferox Miller or Aloe arborescens Miller were used in this study. Incision wound healing was investigated using both the rat and rabbit model. The wound closure rate with and without the topical administration of the whole-leaf juice were monitored. The changes in wound characteristics were traced and wound severity was scored on different days. The anti-microorganism actions of each whole-leaf juice preparation were evaluated by measuring their inhibition growth effects on four bacterial strains and three fungal spores. The toxic influence owing to topical application of Aloe whole-leaf juice on intact and damaged skin was also assessed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that the two types of whole-leaf juice preparations exhibit the therapeutic properties, including facilitation of the healing process, selective inhibition of the microbial growth and zero side-effect on the skin, during the observation period. It is concluded that both of Aloe whole-leaf juice preparations have the positive potential for skin medicinal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Jia
- RunHua Functional Chemical Research Institution, Beijing 100083, China.
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